401
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Huang X, Webster RD, Harms K, Meggers E. Asymmetric Catalysis with Organic Azides and Diazo Compounds Initiated by Photoinduced Electron Transfer. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:12636-42. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b07692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Huang
- Fachbereich
Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Richard D. Webster
- Division
of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical
Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Klaus Harms
- Fachbereich
Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Eric Meggers
- Fachbereich
Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4, 35043 Marburg, Germany
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402
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Abstract
The interaction between an electronically excited photocatalyst and an organic molecule can result in the genertion of a diverse array of reactive intermediates that can be manipulated in a variety of ways to result in synthetically useful bond constructions. This Review summarizes dual-catalyst strategies that have been applied to synthetic photochemistry. Mechanistically distinct modes of photocatalysis are discussed, including photoinduced electron transfer, hydrogen atom transfer, and energy transfer. We focus upon the cooperative interactions of photocatalysts with redox mediators, Lewis and Brønsted acids, organocatalysts, enzymes, and transition metal complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazimer
L. Skubi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin−Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Travis R. Blum
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin−Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Tehshik P. Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin−Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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403
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Conner ML, Brown MK. Synthesis of 1,3-Substituted Cyclobutanes by Allenoate-Alkene [2 + 2] Cycloaddition. J Org Chem 2016; 81:8050-60. [PMID: 27558964 PMCID: PMC5534137 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A method for the [2 + 2] cycloaddition of terminal alkenes with allenoates is presented. This process allows for the rapid synthesis of 1,3-substituted cyclobutanes in high yield under simple and robust reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael L. Conner
- Indiana University, Department of Chemistry, 800 East Kirkwood Ave, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - M. Kevin Brown
- Indiana University, Department of Chemistry, 800 East Kirkwood Ave, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
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404
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Wang Y, Yin H, Tang X, Wu Y, Meng Q, Gao Z. A Series of Cinchona-Derived N-Oxide Phase-Transfer Catalysts: Application to the Photo-Organocatalytic Enantioselective α-Hydroxylation of β-Dicarbonyl Compounds. J Org Chem 2016; 81:7042-50. [PMID: 27336753 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b00856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of cinchona-derived N-oxide asymmetric phase-transfer catalysts were synthesized and applied in the enantioselective photo-organocatalytic α-hydroxylation of β-keto esters and β-keto amides (23 examples) using molecular oxygen in excellent yields (up to 98%) and high enantioselectivities (up to 83% ee). These new catalysts could be recycled and reused six times for such a reaction with almost the original reactivity and enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yakun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology , No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024 Liaoning Province, P. R. China
| | - Hang Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology , No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024 Liaoning Province, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology , No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024 Liaoning Province, P. R. China
| | - Yufeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology , No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024 Liaoning Province, P. R. China
| | - Qingwei Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology , No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024 Liaoning Province, P. R. China
| | - Zhanxian Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology , No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024 Liaoning Province, P. R. China
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405
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Oelgemöller M, Hoffmann N. Studies in organic and physical photochemistry - an interdisciplinary approach. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:7392-442. [PMID: 27381273 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob00842a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Traditionally, organic photochemistry when applied to synthesis strongly interacts with physical chemistry. The aim of this review is to illustrate this very fruitful interdisciplinary approach and cooperation. A profound understanding of the photochemical reactivity and reaction mechanisms is particularly helpful for optimization and application of these reactions. Some typical reactions and particular aspects are reported such as the Norrish-Type II reaction and the Yang cyclization and related transformations, the [2 + 2] photocycloadditions, particularly the Paternò-Büchi reaction, photochemical electron transfer induced transformations, different kinds of catalytic reactions such as photoredox catalysis for organic synthesis and photooxygenation are discussed. Particular aspects such as the structure and reactivity of aryl cations, photochemical reactions in the crystalline state, chiral memory, different mechanisms of hydrogen transfer in photochemical reactions or fundamental aspects of stereoselectivity are discussed. Photochemical reactions are also investigated in the context of chemical engineering. Particularly, continuous flow reactors are of interest. Novel reactor systems are developed and modeling of photochemical transformations and different reactors play a key role in such studies. This research domain builds a bridge between fundamental studies of organic photochemical reactions and their industrial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Oelgemöller
- James Cook University, College of Science and Engineering, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia.
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406
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Wang L, Huang W, Li R, Gehrig D, Blom PWM, Landfester K, Zhang KAI. Konstruktionsprinzip niedermolekularer organischer Halbleiter für metallfreie Photokatalyse mit sichtbarem Licht. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201603789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung; 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Wei Huang
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung; 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Run Li
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung; 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Dominik Gehrig
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung; 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Paul W. M. Blom
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung; 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | | | - Kai A. I. Zhang
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung; 55128 Mainz Deutschland
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407
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Wang L, Huang W, Li R, Gehrig D, Blom PWM, Landfester K, Zhang KAI. Structural Design Principle of Small-Molecule Organic Semiconductors for Metal-Free, Visible-Light-Promoted Photocatalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:9783-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201603789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research; 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Wei Huang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research; 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Run Li
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research; 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Dominik Gehrig
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research; 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Paul W. M. Blom
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research; 55128 Mainz Germany
| | | | - Kai A. I. Zhang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research; 55128 Mainz Germany
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408
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Wang H, Fang WH, Chen X. Mechanism of the Enantioselective Intramolecular [2 + 2] Photocycloaddition Reaction of Coumarin Catalyzed by a Chiral Lewis Acid: Comparison with Enone Substrates. J Org Chem 2016; 81:7093-101. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b00980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongjuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical
and Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, Department
of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Xin-wai-da-jie 19, Beijing 100875, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei-Hai Fang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical
and Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, Department
of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Xin-wai-da-jie 19, Beijing 100875, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuebo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical
and Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, Department
of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Xin-wai-da-jie 19, Beijing 100875, People’s Republic of China
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409
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Bahamonde A, Melchiorre P. Mechanism of the Stereoselective α-Alkylation of Aldehydes Driven by the Photochemical Activity of Enamines. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:8019-30. [PMID: 27267587 PMCID: PMC4929524 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b04871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Herein
we describe our efforts to elucidate the key mechanistic
aspects of the previously reported enantioselective photochemical
α-alkylation of aldehydes with electron-poor organic halides.
The chemistry exploits the potential of chiral enamines, key organocatalytic
intermediates in thermal asymmetric processes, to directly participate
in the photoexcitation of substrates either by forming a photoactive
electron donor–acceptor complex or by directly reaching an
electronically excited state upon light absorption. These photochemical
mechanisms generate radicals from closed-shell precursors under mild
conditions. At the same time, the ground-state chiral enamines provide
effective stereochemical control over the enantioselective radical-trapping
process. We use a combination of conventional photophysical investigations,
nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and kinetic studies to gain
a better understanding of the factors governing these enantioselective
photochemical catalytic processes. Measurements of the quantum yield
reveal that a radical chain mechanism is operative, while reaction-profile
analysis and rate-order assessment indicate the trapping of the carbon-centered
radical by the enamine, to form the carbon–carbon bond, as
rate-determining. Our kinetic studies unveil the existence of a delicate
interplay between the light-triggered initiation step and the radical
chain propagation manifold, both mediated by the chiral enamines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Bahamonde
- ICIQ-Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Avinguda Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Paolo Melchiorre
- ICIQ-Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Avinguda Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,ICREA-Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies , Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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410
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Tröster A, Alonso R, Bauer A, Bach T. Enantioselective Intermolecular [2 + 2] Photocycloaddition Reactions of 2(1H)-Quinolones Induced by Visible Light Irradiation. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:7808-11. [PMID: 27268908 PMCID: PMC4929526 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b03221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
![]()
In the presence of
a chiral thioxanthone catalyst (10 mol %) the
title compounds underwent a clean intermolecular [2 + 2] photocycloaddition
with electron-deficient olefins at λ = 419 nm. The reactions
not only proceeded with excellent regio- and diastereoselectivity
but also delivered the respective cyclobutane products with significant
enantiomeric excess (up to 95% ee). Key to the success
of the reactions is a two-point hydrogen bonding between quinolone
and catalyst enabling efficient energy transfer and high enantioface
differentiation. Preliminary work indicated that solar irradiation
can be used for this process and that the substrate scope can be further
expanded to isoquinolones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Tröster
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München , Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Rafael Alonso
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München , Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Andreas Bauer
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München , Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Thorsten Bach
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München , Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
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411
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Mayr F, Brimioulle R, Bach T. A Chiral Thiourea as a Template for Enantioselective Intramolecular [2 + 2] Photocycloaddition Reactions. J Org Chem 2016; 81:6965-71. [PMID: 27258626 PMCID: PMC4994062 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
A chiral
(1R,2R)-diaminocyclohexane-derived
bisthiourea was found to exhibit a significant asymmetric induction
in the intramolecular [2 + 2] photocycloaddition of 2,3-dihydropyridone-5-carboxylates.
Under optimized conditions, the reaction was performed with visible
light employing 10 mol % of thioxanthone as triplet sensitizer. Due
to the different electronic properties of its carbonyl oxygen atoms,
a directed binding of the substrate to the template is possible, which
in turn enables an efficient enantioface differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Mayr
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München , Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Richard Brimioulle
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München , Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Thorsten Bach
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München , Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
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412
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Ramamurthy V, Sivaguru J. Supramolecular Photochemistry as a Potential Synthetic Tool: Photocycloaddition. Chem Rev 2016; 116:9914-93. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 296] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jayaraman Sivaguru
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108-6050, United States
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413
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Shen X, Harms K, Marsch M, Meggers E. A Rhodium Catalyst Superior to Iridium Congeners for Enantioselective Radical Amination Activated by Visible Light. Chemistry 2016; 22:9102-5. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Shen
- Fachbereich Chemie; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Klaus Harms
- Fachbereich Chemie; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Michael Marsch
- Fachbereich Chemie; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Eric Meggers
- Fachbereich Chemie; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35043 Marburg Germany
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
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414
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Chandrasekhar D, Borra S, Nanubolu JB, Maurya RA. Visible Light Driven Photocascade Catalysis: Ru(bpy)3(PF6)2/TBHP-Mediated Synthesis of Fused β-Carbolines in Batch and Flow Microreactors. Org Lett 2016; 18:2974-7. [PMID: 27226119 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b01321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-β-carbolines were coupled with α-keto vinyl azides through an unprecedented visible light-Ru(bpy)3(PF6)2/TBHP mediated photocascade strategy that involves photosensitization, photoredox catalysis and [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction. The scope and scale-up feasibility of the photocascade strategy was demonstrated by synthesizing 18 different fused β-carbolines in moderate to good yields using batch and continuous flow microreactor. This operationally simple synthetic protocol allows the formation of one C-C and two C-N new bonds in the overall transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ram Awatar Maurya
- Chemical Science and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology , Jorhat, Assam 785006, India
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415
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Oelgemöller M. Solar Photochemical Synthesis: From the Beginnings of Organic Photochemistry to the Solar Manufacturing of Commodity Chemicals. Chem Rev 2016; 116:9664-82. [PMID: 27181285 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Natural sunlight offers a cost-efficient and sustainable energy source for photochemical reactions. In contrast to the lengthy and small-scale "flask in the sun" procedures of the past, modern solar concentrator systems nowadays significantly shorten reaction times and enable technical-scale operations. After a brief historical introduction, this review presents the most important solar reactor types and their successful application in preparative solar syntheses. The examples demonstrate that solar manufacturing of fine chemicals is technically feasible and environmentally sustainable. After over 100 years, Ciamician's prophetic vision of "the photochemistry of the future" as a clean and green manufacturing methodology has yet to be realized. At the same time, his warning "for nature is not in a hurry but mankind is" is still valid today. It is hoped that this review will lead to a renewed interest in this truly enlightening technology, that it will stimulate photochemists and photochemical engineers to "go back to the roots onto the roofs" and that it will ultimately result in industrial applications in the foreseeable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Oelgemöller
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University , Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
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416
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Wei G, Zhang C, Bureš F, Ye X, Tan CH, Jiang Z. Enantioselective Aerobic Oxidative C(sp3)–H Olefination of Amines via Cooperative Photoredox and Asymmetric Catalysis. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b00846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guo Wei
- Key
Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chenhao Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Filip Bureš
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Technology, University of Pardubice, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Studentská 573, Pardubice 53210, Czech Republic
| | - Xinyi Ye
- Division
of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
| | - Choon-Hong Tan
- Division
of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
| | - Zhiyong Jiang
- Key
Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, People’s Republic of China
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417
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Rybicka-Jasińska K, Ciszewski ŁW, Gryko D. Photocatalytic Reaction of Diazo Compounds with Aldehydes. Adv Synth Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201600084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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418
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Amador AG, Sherbrook EM, Yoon TP. Enantioselective Photocatalytic [3 + 2] Cycloadditions of Aryl Cyclopropyl Ketones. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:4722-5. [PMID: 27015009 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b01728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Control of stereochemistry in photocycloaddition reactions remains a substantial challenge; almost all successful catalytic examples to date have involved [2 + 2] photocycloadditions of enones. We report a method for the asymmetric [3 + 2] photocycloaddition of aryl cyclopropyl ketones that enables the enantiocontrolled construction of densely substituted cyclopentane structures not synthetically accessible using other catalytic methods. These results show that the dual-catalyst strategy developed in our laboratory broadens synthetic chemists' access to classes of photochemical cycloadditions that have not previously been feasible in enantioselective form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian G Amador
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Evan M Sherbrook
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Tehshik P Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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419
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Lenhart D, Bauer A, Pöthig A, Bach T. Enantioselective Visible-Light-Induced Radical-Addition Reactions to 3-Alkylidene Indolin-2-ones. Chemistry 2016; 22:6519-23. [PMID: 26946444 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The title compounds underwent a facile and high-yielding addition reaction (19 examples, 66-99% yield) with various N-(trimethylsilyl)methyl-substituted amines upon irradiation with visible light and catalysis by a metal complex. If the alkylidene substituent is non-symmetric and if the reaction is performed in the presence of a chiral hydrogen-bonding template, products are obtained with significant enantioselectivity (58-72% ee) as a mixture of diastereoisomers. Mechanistic studies suggest a closed catalytic cycle for the photoactive metal complex. However, the silyl transfer from the amine occurs not only to the product, but also to the substrate, and interferes with the desired chirality transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Lenhart
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747, Garching, Germany), Fax
| | - Andreas Bauer
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747, Garching, Germany), Fax
| | - Alexander Pöthig
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747, Garching, Germany), Fax
| | - Thorsten Bach
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747, Garching, Germany), Fax.
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420
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Yang F, Koeller J, Ackermann L. Photoinduced Copper-Catalyzed C-H Arylation at Room Temperature. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:4759-62. [PMID: 26961222 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201512027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Room-temperature azole C-H arylations were accomplished with inexpensive copper(I) compounds by means of photoinduced catalysis. The expedient copper catalysis set the stage for site-selective C-H arylations of non-aromatic oxazolines under mild reaction conditions, and provides step-economical access to the alkaloid natural products balsoxin and texamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanzhi Yang
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Julian Koeller
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany. .,International Center for Advanced Studies of Energy Conversion (ICASEC), Georg-August University of Göttingen, Germany.
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421
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Yang F, Koeller J, Ackermann L. Photoinduced Copper‐Catalyzed C−H Arylation at Room Temperature. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201512027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fanzhi Yang
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Julian Koeller
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
- International Center for Advanced Studies of Energy Conversion (ICASEC) Georg-August University of Göttingen Germany
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422
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Cambié D, Bottecchia C, Straathof NJW, Hessel V, Noël T. Applications of Continuous-Flow Photochemistry in Organic Synthesis, Material Science, and Water Treatment. Chem Rev 2016; 116:10276-341. [PMID: 26935706 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 882] [Impact Index Per Article: 110.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Continuous-flow photochemistry in microreactors receives a lot of attention from researchers in academia and industry as this technology provides reduced reaction times, higher selectivities, straightforward scalability, and the possibility to safely use hazardous intermediates and gaseous reactants. In this review, an up-to-date overview is given of photochemical transformations in continuous-flow reactors, including applications in organic synthesis, material science, and water treatment. In addition, the advantages of continuous-flow photochemistry are pointed out and a thorough comparison with batch processing is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Cambié
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Micro Flow Chemistry and Process Technology, Eindhoven University of Technology , Den Dolech 2, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Cecilia Bottecchia
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Micro Flow Chemistry and Process Technology, Eindhoven University of Technology , Den Dolech 2, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Natan J W Straathof
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Micro Flow Chemistry and Process Technology, Eindhoven University of Technology , Den Dolech 2, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Volker Hessel
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Micro Flow Chemistry and Process Technology, Eindhoven University of Technology , Den Dolech 2, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Timothy Noël
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Micro Flow Chemistry and Process Technology, Eindhoven University of Technology , Den Dolech 2, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Department of Organic Chemistry, Ghent University , Krijgslaan 281 (S4), 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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423
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Dell'Amico L, Vega-Peñaloza A, Cuadros S, Melchiorre P. Enantioselective Organocatalytic Diels-Alder Trapping of Photochemically Generated Hydroxy-o-Quinodimethanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:3313-7. [PMID: 26797768 PMCID: PMC4797706 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201509472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The photoenolization/Diels-Alder strategy offers straightforward access to synthetically valuable benzannulated carbocyclic products. This historical light-triggered process has never before succumbed to efforts to develop an enantioselective catalytic approach. Herein, we demonstrate how asymmetric organocatalysis provides simple yet effective catalytic tools to intercept photochemically generated hydroxy-o-quinodimethanes with high stereoselectivity. We used a chiral organic catalyst, derived from natural cinchona alkaloids, to activate maleimides toward highly stereoselective Diels-Alder reactions. An unconventional mechanism of stereocontrol is operative, wherein the organocatalyst is actively involved in both the photochemical pathway, by leveraging the formation of the reactive photoenol, and the stereoselectivity-defining event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Dell'Amico
- ICIQ-Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avenida Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Alberto Vega-Peñaloza
- ICIQ-Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avenida Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Sara Cuadros
- ICIQ-Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avenida Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Paolo Melchiorre
- ICREA-Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain.
- ICIQ-Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avenida Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain.
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424
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Mukhina OA, Kutateladze AG. Oxazolines as Dual-Function Traceless Chromophores and Chiral Auxiliaries: Enantioselective Photoassisted Synthesis of Polyheterocyclic Ketones. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:2110-3. [PMID: 26866604 PMCID: PMC5578731 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b12690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
2-(o-Amidophenyl)oxa- and -thiazolines undergo excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT), generating aza-o-xylylenes capable of intramolecular [4+2] and [4+4] cycloadditions with tethered unsaturated pendants. Facile hydrolysis of the primary photoproducts, spiro-oxazolidines and thiazolidines, under mild conditions unmasks a phenone functionality. Variations in linkers allow for access to diverse core scaffolds in the primary photoproducts, rendering the approach compatible with the philosophy of diversity-oriented synthesis. Chiral oxazolines, readily available from the corresponding amino alcohols, yield enantioenriched keto-polyheterocycles of complex topologies with enantiomeric excess values up to 90%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga A. Mukhina
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Denver, 2190 E. Iliff Ave. Denver, CO 80208-2436 (USA)
| | - Andrei G. Kutateladze
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Denver, 2190 E. Iliff Ave. Denver, CO 80208-2436 (USA)
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425
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Kainz QM, Matier CD, Bartoszewicz A, Zultanski SL, Peters JC, Fu GC. Asymmetric copper-catalyzed C-N cross-couplings induced by visible light. Science 2016; 351:681-4. [PMID: 26912852 PMCID: PMC4770572 DOI: 10.1126/science.aad8313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 515] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Despite a well-developed and growing body of work in copper catalysis, the potential of copper to serve as a photocatalyst remains underexplored. Here we describe a photoinduced copper-catalyzed method for coupling readily available racemic tertiary alkyl chloride electrophiles with amines to generate fully substituted stereocenters with high enantioselectivity. The reaction proceeds at -40°C under excitation by a blue light-emitting diode and benefits from the use of a single, Earth-abundant transition metal acting as both the photocatalyst and the source of asymmetric induction. An enantioconvergent mechanism transforms the racemic starting material into a single product enantiomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quirin M. Kainz
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Carson D. Matier
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Agnieszka Bartoszewicz
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Susan L. Zultanski
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Jonas C. Peters
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Gregory C. Fu
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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426
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Amador AG, Yoon TP. A Chiral Metal Photocatalyst Architecture for Highly Enantioselective Photoreactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:2304-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201511443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian G. Amador
- Department of Chemistry; University of Wisconsin-Madison; 1101 University Avenue Madison WI 53706 USA
| | - Tehshik P. Yoon
- Department of Chemistry; University of Wisconsin-Madison; 1101 University Avenue Madison WI 53706 USA
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427
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Amador AG, Yoon TP. Hoch enantioselektive Photoreaktionen durch Photokatalysatoren mit chiralen Metallzentren. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201511443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian G. Amador
- Department of Chemistry; University of Wisconsin-Madison; 1101 University Avenue Madison WI 53706 USA
| | - Tehshik P. Yoon
- Department of Chemistry; University of Wisconsin-Madison; 1101 University Avenue Madison WI 53706 USA
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428
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Dell'Amico L, Vega-Peñaloza A, Cuadros S, Melchiorre P. Enantioselective Organocatalytic Diels-Alder Trapping of Photochemically Generated Hydroxy-o
-Quinodimethanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201509472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Dell'Amico
- ICIQ-Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Avenida Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Alberto Vega-Peñaloza
- ICIQ-Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Avenida Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Sara Cuadros
- ICIQ-Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Avenida Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Paolo Melchiorre
- ICREA-Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies; Passeig Lluís Companys 23 08010 Barcelona Spain
- ICIQ-Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Avenida Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
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429
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Metternich JB, Gilmour R. One Photocatalyst, n Activation Modes Strategy for Cascade Catalysis: Emulating Coumarin Biosynthesis with (-)-Riboflavin. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:1040-5. [PMID: 26714650 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b12081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Generating molecular complexity using a single catalyst, where the requisite activation modes are sequentially exploited as the reaction proceeds, is an attractive guiding principle in synthesis. This requires that each substrate transposition exposes a catalyst activation mode (AM) to which all preceding or future intermediates are resistant. While this concept is exemplified by MacMillan's beautiful merger of enamine and iminium ion activation, examples in other fields of contemporary catalysis remain elusive. Herein, we extend this tactic to organic photochemistry. By harnessing the two discrete photochemical activation modes of (-)-riboflavin, it is possible to sequentially induce isomerization and cyclization by energy transfer (ET) and single-electron transfer (SET) activation pathways, respectively. This catalytic approach has been utilized to emulate the coumarin biosynthesis pathway, which features a key photochemical E → Z isomerization step. Since the ensuing SET-based cyclization eliminates the need for a prefunctionalized aryl ring, this constitutes a novel disconnection of a pharmaceutically important scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan B Metternich
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Ryan Gilmour
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
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430
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Ma J, Harms K, Meggers E. Enantioselective rhodium/ruthenium photoredox catalysis en route to chiral 1,2-aminoalcohols. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:10183-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc04397f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A visible-light-induced enantioselective redox coupling of α-silylalkylamines with 2-acyl imidazoles is catalyzed by a combination of a chiral Rh Lewis acid and a Ru photoredox sensitizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Ma
- Philipps-Universität Marburg
- 35043 Marburg
- Germany
| | - Klaus Harms
- Philipps-Universität Marburg
- 35043 Marburg
- Germany
| | - Eric Meggers
- Philipps-Universität Marburg
- 35043 Marburg
- Germany
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University
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431
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Wu YN, Xu T, Fu R, Wang NN, Hao WJ, Wang SL, Li G, Tu SJ, Jiang B. Dual rhodium/copper catalysis: synthesis of benzo[b]fluorenes and 2-naphthalenylmethanones via de-diazotized cycloadditions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:11943-11946. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc06320a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel synergistic rhodium/copper catalysis has been established, enabling de-diazotized cycloadditions toward the selective formation of benzo[b]fluorenes and 2-naphthalenylmethanones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou 221116
- P. R. China
| | - Ting Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou 221116
- P. R. China
| | - Rong Fu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou 221116
- P. R. China
| | - Nan-Nan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou 221116
- P. R. China
| | - Wen-Juan Hao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou 221116
- P. R. China
| | - Shu-Liang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou 221116
- P. R. China
| | - Guigen Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Texas Tech University
- Lubbock
- USA
- Institute of Chemistry & BioMedical Sciences
| | - Shu-Jiang Tu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou 221116
- P. R. China
| | - Bo Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou 221116
- P. R. China
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432
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Chang XP, Zheng Y, Cui G, Fang WH, Thiel W. Photocycloaddition reaction of atropisomeric maleimides: mechanism and selectivity. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:24713-21. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp04919b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
We report a density functional study on the mechanism of the [2+2] photocyclization of atropisomeric maleimides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ping Chang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
| | - Yiying Zheng
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung
- 45470 Mlheim an der Ruhr
- Germany
| | - Ganglong Cui
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
| | - Wei-Hai Fang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
| | - Walter Thiel
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung
- 45470 Mlheim an der Ruhr
- Germany
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433
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Yu XL, Chen JR, Chen DZ, Xiao WJ. Visible-light-induced photocatalytic azotrifluoromethylation of alkenes with aryldiazonium salts and sodium triflinate. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:8275-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc03335k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Visible light photocatalytic azotrifluoromethylation of alkenes with aryldiazonium salts and sodium triflinate is described, which gave the trifluoromethylated azo compounds in good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Long Yu
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
| | - Jia-Rong Chen
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
| | - Dong-Zhen Chen
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
| | - Wen-Jing Xiao
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
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434
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Di Mauro A, Randazzo R, Spanò SF, Compagnini G, Gaeta M, D'Urso L, Paolesse R, Pomarico G, Di Natale C, Villari V, Micali N, Fragalà ME, D'Urso A, Purrello R. Vortexes tune the chirality of graphene oxide and its non-covalent hosts. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:13094-13096. [PMID: 27549164 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc05177d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The ability of vortexes to tune the chirality of graphene oxide in water sheds light on its complex supramolecular organization allowing for selective noncovalent deposition of a predetermined handedness on a solid surface.
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435
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Qiu G, Li Y, Wu J. Recent developments for the photoinduced Ar–X bond dissociation reaction. Org Chem Front 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6qo00103c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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436
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Tanabe J, Taura D, Ousaka N, Yashima E. Remarkable acceleration of template-directed photodimerisation of 9-phenylethynylanthracene derivatives assisted by complementary salt bridge formation. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:10822-10832. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob02087a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The photodimerisation of 9-phenylethynylanthracene-bound carboxylic acid monomers was remarkably accelerated in the presence of the complementary amidine dimer template.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junki Tanabe
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Nagoya University
- Nagoya 464-8603
- Japan
| | - Daisuke Taura
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Nagoya University
- Nagoya 464-8603
- Japan
| | - Naoki Ousaka
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Nagoya University
- Nagoya 464-8603
- Japan
| | - Eiji Yashima
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Nagoya University
- Nagoya 464-8603
- Japan
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437
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Rehm TH, Gros S, Löb P, Renken A. Photonic contacting of gas–liquid phases in a falling film microreactor for continuous-flow photochemical catalysis with visible light. REACT CHEM ENG 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6re00169f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
A microstructured falling film reactor was applied to the dye-sensitized photochemical conversion of 1,5-dihydroxynaphthalene to juglone for reactor and process evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sylvain Gros
- Fraunhofer ICT-IMM
- 55129 Mainz
- Germany
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
- EPFL-ISIC
| | | | - Albert Renken
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
- EPFL-ISIC
- 1015 Lausanne
- Switzerland
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438
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Xiang Y, Kuang Y, Wu J. Generation of benzosultams via trifluoromethylation of 2-ethynylbenzenesulfonamide under visible light. Org Chem Front 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6qo00120c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Under visible light irradiation, 2-ethynylbenzenesulfonamides react with Togni's reagent in the presence of a photocatalyst leading to 3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethylidene)-2,3-dihydrobenzo[d]isothiazole 1,1-dioxides in good yields. This transformation proceeds efficiently at room temperature through a photo-initiated trifluoromethylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanchao Xiang
- Department of Chemistry
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
| | - Yunyan Kuang
- Department of Chemistry
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Chemistry
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
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439
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Maturi MM, Fukuhara G, Tanaka K, Kawanami Y, Mori T, Inoue Y, Bach T. Enantioselective [4+4] photodimerization of anthracene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid mediated by a C2-symmetric chiral template. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:1032-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc09107a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A chiral template was shown to bind the title compound by hydrogen bonding resulting in enantioselectivities of up to 55% enantiomeric excess (ee) in the [4+4] anthracene photodimerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark M. Maturi
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC)
- Technische Universität München
- 85747 Garching
- Germany
| | - Gaku Fukuhara
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Osaka University
- Suita 565-0871
- Japan
| | - Koichiro Tanaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Osaka University
- Suita 565-0871
- Japan
| | - Yuko Kawanami
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Osaka University
- Suita 565-0871
- Japan
| | - Tadashi Mori
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Osaka University
- Suita 565-0871
- Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Inoue
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Osaka University
- Suita 565-0871
- Japan
| | - Thorsten Bach
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC)
- Technische Universität München
- 85747 Garching
- Germany
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440
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Zhou K, Xia H, Wu J. Generation of (2-oxoindolin-3-yl)methanesulfonohydrazides via a photo-induced reaction of N-(2-iodoaryl)acrylamide, DABSO, and hydrazine. Org Chem Front 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6qo00163g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A photo-induced catalyst-free three-component reaction of N-(2-iodoaryl)acrylamide, sulfur dioxide, and hydrazine is reported. Under ultraviolet irradiation, diverse (2-oxoindolin-3-yl)methanesulfonohydrazides are generated in moderate to good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaida Zhou
- Department of Chemistry
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
| | - Hongguang Xia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine
- Hangzhou 310058
- China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Chemistry
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
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441
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Mao RZ, Xiong DC, Guo F, Li Q, Duan J, Ye XS. Light-driven highly efficient glycosylation reactions. Org Chem Front 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6qo00021e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel and efficient light-driven glycosylation strategy was developed with wide substrate scope/generality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run-Ze Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Peking University
- Beijing 100191
- China
| | - De-Cai Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Peking University
- Beijing 100191
- China
| | - Fan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Peking University
- Beijing 100191
- China
| | - Qin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Peking University
- Beijing 100191
- China
| | - Jinyou Duan
- College of Science
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling
- China
| | - Xin-Shan Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Peking University
- Beijing 100191
- China
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442
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Tiwari DK, Maurya RA, Nanubolu JB. Visible-Light/Photoredox-Mediated sp3
CH Functionalization and Coupling of Secondary Amines with Vinyl Azides in Flow Microreactors. Chemistry 2015; 22:526-30. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201504292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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443
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Wang C, Qin J, Shen X, Riedel R, Harms K, Meggers E. Asymmetric Radical-Radical Cross-Coupling through Visible-Light-Activated Iridium Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 55:685-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201509524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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444
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Wang C, Qin J, Shen X, Riedel R, Harms K, Meggers E. Asymmetric Radical-Radical Cross-Coupling through Visible-Light-Activated Iridium Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201509524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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445
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Mao RZ, Guo F, Xiong DC, Li Q, Duan J, Ye XS. Photoinduced C–S Bond Cleavage of Thioglycosides and Glycosylation. Org Lett 2015; 17:5606-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b02823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Run-Ze Mao
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Fan Guo
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing 100191, China
- College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - De-Cai Xiong
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qin Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jinyou Duan
- College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xin-Shan Ye
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing 100191, China
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446
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Uraguchi D, Kinoshita N, Kizu T, Ooi T. Synergistic Catalysis of Ionic Brønsted Acid and Photosensitizer for a Redox Neutral Asymmetric α-Coupling of N-Arylaminomethanes with Aldimines. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:13768-71. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b09329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Uraguchi
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM)
and Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering and ‡CREST, Japan Science
and Technology Agency (JST), Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Natsuko Kinoshita
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM)
and Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering and ‡CREST, Japan Science
and Technology Agency (JST), Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Tomohito Kizu
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM)
and Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering and ‡CREST, Japan Science
and Technology Agency (JST), Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Takashi Ooi
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM)
and Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering and ‡CREST, Japan Science
and Technology Agency (JST), Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
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447
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Wang H, Cao X, Chen X, Fang W, Dolg M. Regulatory Mechanism of the Enantioselective Intramolecular Enone [2+2] Photocycloaddition Reaction Mediated by a Chiral Lewis Acid Catalyst Containing Heavy Atoms. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:14295-8. [PMID: 26437573 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201505931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The asymmetric catalysis of the intramolecular enone [2+2] photocycloaddition has been subject of extensive experimental studies, however theoretical insight to its regulatory mechanism is still sparse. Accurate quantum chemical calculations at the CASPT2//CASSCF level of theory associated with energy-consistent relativistic pseudopotentials provide a basis for the first regulation theory that the enantioselective reaction is predominantly controlled by the presence of relativistic effects, that is, spin-orbit coupling resulting from heavy atoms in the chiral Lewis acid catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Xin-wai-da-jie No. 19, Beijing 100875 (China)
| | - Xiaoyan Cao
- Theoretical Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstrasse 4, 50939 Cologne (Germany)
| | - Xuebo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Xin-wai-da-jie No. 19, Beijing 100875 (China).
| | - Weihai Fang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Xin-wai-da-jie No. 19, Beijing 100875 (China)
| | - Michael Dolg
- Theoretical Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstrasse 4, 50939 Cologne (Germany).
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448
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Wang H, Cao X, Chen X, Fang W, Dolg M. Regulatory Mechanism of the Enantioselective Intramolecular Enone [2+2] Photocycloaddition Reaction Mediated by a Chiral Lewis Acid Catalyst Containing Heavy Atoms. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201505931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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449
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Davies J, Booth SG, Essafi S, Dryfe RAW, Leonori D. Visible-Light-Mediated Generation of Nitrogen-Centered Radicals: Metal-Free Hydroimination and Iminohydroxylation Cyclization Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:14017-21. [PMID: 26412046 PMCID: PMC4648045 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201507641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 311] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The formation and use of iminyl radicals in novel and divergent hydroimination and iminohydroxylation cyclization reactions has been accomplished through the design of a new class of reactive O-aryl oximes. Owing to their low reduction potentials, the inexpensive organic dye eosin Y could be used as the photocatalyst of the organocatalytic hydroimination reaction. Furthermore, reaction conditions for a unique iminohydroxylation were identified; visible-light-mediated electron transfer from novel electron donor-acceptor complexes of the oximes and Et3N was proposed as a key step of this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Davies
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL (UK)
| | - Samuel G Booth
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL (UK)
| | - Stephanie Essafi
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS (UK)
| | - Robert A W Dryfe
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL (UK)
| | - Daniele Leonori
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL (UK).
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450
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Davies J, Booth SG, Essafi S, Dryfe RAW, Leonori D. Visible‐Light‐Mediated Generation of Nitrogen‐Centered Radicals: Metal‐Free Hydroimination and Iminohydroxylation Cyclization Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201507641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Davies
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL (UK)
| | - Samuel G. Booth
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL (UK)
| | - Stephanie Essafi
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS (UK)
| | - Robert A. W. Dryfe
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL (UK)
| | - Daniele Leonori
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL (UK)
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