401
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Aguiar PM, de Mendonça Lima T, Colleoni GWB, Storpirtis S. Efficacy and safety of bortezomib, thalidomide, and lenalidomide in multiple myeloma: An overview of systematic reviews with meta-analyses. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2017; 113:195-212. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2017.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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402
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Ikeda S, Kitadate A, Abe F, Saitoh H, Michishita Y, Hatano Y, Kawabata Y, Kitabayashi A, Teshima K, Kume M, Takahashi N, Tagawa H. Hypoxia-inducible microRNA-210 regulates the DIMT1-IRF4 oncogenic axis in multiple myeloma. Cancer Sci 2017; 108:641-652. [PMID: 28164410 PMCID: PMC5406542 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by the accumulation of a population of malignant plasma cells within the bone marrow and its microenvironment. A hypoxic niche is located within the microenvironment, which causes myeloma cells to become quiescent, anti‐apoptotic, glycolytic, and immature. Cell heterogeneity may be related to distinct gene expression profiles under hypoxic and normoxic conditions. During hypoxia, myeloma cells acquire these phenotypes by downregulating interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4), an essential transcription factor in myeloma oncogenesis. To identify essential microRNAs and their targets regulated under hypoxic conditions, we undertook microRNA and cDNA microarray analyses using hypoxia‐exposed primary MM samples and myeloma cell lines. Under hypoxia, only miR‐210 was highly upregulated and was accompanied by direct downregulation of an 18S rRNA base methyltransferase, DIMT1. This inverse expression correlation was validated by quantitative RT‐PCR for primary MM samples. We further determined that DIMT1 has an oncogenic potential as its knockdown reduced tumorigenicity of myeloma cells through regulation of IRF4 expression. Notably, by analyzing gene expression omnibus datasets in the National Center for Biotechnology Information database, we found that DIMT1 expression increased gradually with MM progression. In summary, by screening for targets of hypoxia‐inducible microRNA‐210, we identified DIMT1 as a novel diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for all molecular subtypes of MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Ikeda
- Department of Hematology, Nephrology, and Rheumatology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Akihiro Kitadate
- Department of Hematology, Nephrology, and Rheumatology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Fumito Abe
- Department of Hematology, Nephrology, and Rheumatology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Naoto Takahashi
- Department of Hematology, Nephrology, and Rheumatology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tagawa
- Department of Hematology, Nephrology, and Rheumatology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
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403
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Merz M, Kellermann L, Poenisch W, Tischler HJ, Kohnke J, Knauf W, Goldschmidt H. Diagnosis and treatment of multiple myeloma in Germany: analysis of a nationwide multi-institutional survey. Ann Hematol 2017; 96:987-993. [DOI: 10.1007/s00277-017-2991-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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404
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Qasaimeh MA, Wu YC, Bose S, Menachery A, Talluri S, Gonzalez G, Fulciniti M, Karp JM, Prabhala RH, Karnik R. Isolation of Circulating Plasma Cells in Multiple Myeloma Using CD138 Antibody-Based Capture in a Microfluidic Device. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45681. [PMID: 28374831 PMCID: PMC5379479 DOI: 10.1038/srep45681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The necessity for bone marrow aspiration and the lack of highly sensitive assays to detect residual disease present challenges for effective management of multiple myeloma (MM), a plasma cell cancer. We show that a microfluidic cell capture based on CD138 antigen, which is highly expressed on plasma cells, permits quantitation of rare circulating plasma cells (CPCs) in blood and subsequent fluorescence-based assays. The microfluidic device is based on a herringbone channel design, and exhibits an estimated cell capture efficiency of ~40–70%, permitting detection of <10 CPCs/mL using 1-mL sample volumes, which is difficult using existing techniques. In bone marrow samples, the microfluidic-based plasma cell counts exhibited excellent correlation with flow cytometry analysis. In peripheral blood samples, the device detected a baseline of 2–5 CD138+ cells/mL in healthy donor blood, with significantly higher numbers in blood samples of MM patients in remission (20–24 CD138+ cells/mL), and yet higher numbers in MM patients exhibiting disease (45–184 CD138+ cells/mL). Analysis of CPCs isolated using the device was consistent with serum immunoglobulin assays that are commonly used in MM diagnostics. These results indicate the potential of CD138-based microfluidic CPC capture as a useful ‘liquid biopsy’ that may complement or partially replace bone marrow aspiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad A Qasaimeh
- Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE.,Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, New York University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Yichao C Wu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Suman Bose
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Anoop Menachery
- Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Srikanth Talluri
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA.,Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Jeffrey M Karp
- Division of BioEngineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, 65 Landsdowne St., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Rao H Prabhala
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA.,Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.,Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rohit Karnik
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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405
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Ghosh D, Funk CC, Caballero J, Shah N, Rouleau K, Earls JC, Soroceanu L, Foltz G, Cobbs CS, Price ND, Hood L. A Cell-Surface Membrane Protein Signature for Glioblastoma. Cell Syst 2017; 4:516-529.e7. [PMID: 28365151 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
We present a systems strategy that facilitated the development of a molecular signature for glioblastoma (GBM), composed of 33 cell-surface transmembrane proteins. This molecular signature, GBMSig, was developed through the integration of cell-surface proteomics and transcriptomics from patient tumors in the REMBRANDT (n = 228) and TCGA datasets (n = 547) and can separate GBM patients from control individuals with a Matthew's correlation coefficient value of 0.87 in a lock-down test. Functionally, 17/33 GBMSig proteins are associated with transforming growth factor β signaling pathways, including CD47, SLC16A1, HMOX1, and MRC2. Knockdown of these genes impaired GBM invasion, reflecting their role in disease-perturbed changes in GBM. ELISA assays for a subset of GBMSig (CD44, VCAM1, HMOX1, and BIGH3) on 84 plasma specimens from multiple clinical sites revealed a high degree of separation of GBM patients from healthy control individuals (area under the curve is 0.98 in receiver operating characteristic). In addition, a classifier based on these four proteins differentiated the blood of pre- and post-tumor resections, demonstrating potential clinical value as biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cory C Funk
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | | | - Nameeta Shah
- The Ben and Catherine Ivy Center for Advanced Brain Tumor Treatment, Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Seattle, WA 98122, USA
| | | | - John C Earls
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Liliana Soroceanu
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
| | - Greg Foltz
- The Ben and Catherine Ivy Center for Advanced Brain Tumor Treatment, Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Seattle, WA 98122, USA
| | - Charles S Cobbs
- The Ben and Catherine Ivy Center for Advanced Brain Tumor Treatment, Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Seattle, WA 98122, USA
| | - Nathan D Price
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Leroy Hood
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
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406
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Bailly C, Leforestier R, Jamet B, Carlier T, Bourgeois M, Guérard F, Touzeau C, Moreau P, Chérel M, Kraeber-Bodéré F, Bodet-Milin C. PET Imaging for Initial Staging and Therapy Assessment in Multiple Myeloma Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E445. [PMID: 28218709 PMCID: PMC5343979 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18020445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological neoplasm characterized by the clonal proliferation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow. MM results in diffuse or focal bone infiltration and extramedullary lesions. Over the past two decades, advances have been made with regard to the diagnosis, staging, treatment, and imaging of MM. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are currently recommended as the most effective imaging modalities at diagnostic. Yet, recent data from the literature suggest that positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (PET/CT) using 18F-deoxyglucose (FDG) is a promising technique for initial staging and therapeutic monitoring in this pathology. This paper reviews the recent advances as well as the potential place of a more specific radiopharmaceutical in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Bailly
- Nantes-Angers Cancer Research Center (CRCNA), University of Nantes, Inserm UMR 1232, 8 quai Moncousu, 44007 Nantes, France.
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU de Nantes, 1 place Alexis Ricordeau, 44093 Nantes, France.
| | - Rodolphe Leforestier
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU de Nantes, 1 place Alexis Ricordeau, 44093 Nantes, France.
| | - Bastien Jamet
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU de Nantes, 1 place Alexis Ricordeau, 44093 Nantes, France.
| | - Thomas Carlier
- Nantes-Angers Cancer Research Center (CRCNA), University of Nantes, Inserm UMR 1232, 8 quai Moncousu, 44007 Nantes, France.
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU de Nantes, 1 place Alexis Ricordeau, 44093 Nantes, France.
| | - Mickael Bourgeois
- Nantes-Angers Cancer Research Center (CRCNA), University of Nantes, Inserm UMR 1232, 8 quai Moncousu, 44007 Nantes, France.
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU de Nantes, 1 place Alexis Ricordeau, 44093 Nantes, France.
| | - François Guérard
- Nantes-Angers Cancer Research Center (CRCNA), University of Nantes, Inserm UMR 1232, 8 quai Moncousu, 44007 Nantes, France.
| | - Cyrille Touzeau
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU de Nantes, 1 place Alexis Ricordeau, 44093 Nantes, France.
| | - Philippe Moreau
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU de Nantes, 1 place Alexis Ricordeau, 44093 Nantes, France.
| | - Michel Chérel
- Nantes-Angers Cancer Research Center (CRCNA), University of Nantes, Inserm UMR 1232, 8 quai Moncousu, 44007 Nantes, France.
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, ICO-René Gauducheau, Boulevard Jacques Monod, 44805 Saint-Herblain, France.
| | - Françoise Kraeber-Bodéré
- Nantes-Angers Cancer Research Center (CRCNA), University of Nantes, Inserm UMR 1232, 8 quai Moncousu, 44007 Nantes, France.
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU de Nantes, 1 place Alexis Ricordeau, 44093 Nantes, France.
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, ICO-René Gauducheau, Boulevard Jacques Monod, 44805 Saint-Herblain, France.
| | - Caroline Bodet-Milin
- Nantes-Angers Cancer Research Center (CRCNA), University of Nantes, Inserm UMR 1232, 8 quai Moncousu, 44007 Nantes, France.
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU de Nantes, 1 place Alexis Ricordeau, 44093 Nantes, France.
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407
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Flores-Montero J, Sanoja-Flores L, Paiva B, Puig N, García-Sánchez O, Böttcher S, van der Velden VHJ, Pérez-Morán JJ, Vidriales MB, García-Sanz R, Jimenez C, González M, Martínez-López J, Corral-Mateos A, Grigore GE, Fluxá R, Pontes R, Caetano J, Sedek L, Del Cañizo MC, Bladé J, Lahuerta JJ, Aguilar C, Bárez A, García-Mateo A, Labrador J, Leoz P, Aguilera-Sanz C, San-Miguel J, Mateos MV, Durie B, van Dongen JJM, Orfao A. Next Generation Flow for highly sensitive and standardized detection of minimal residual disease in multiple myeloma. Leukemia 2017; 31:2094-2103. [PMID: 28104919 PMCID: PMC5629369 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2017.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 417] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Revised: 12/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Flow cytometry has become a highly valuable method to monitor minimal residual disease (MRD) and evaluate the depth of complete response (CR) in bone marrow (BM) of multiple myeloma (MM) after therapy. However, current flow-MRD has lower sensitivity than molecular methods and lacks standardization. Here we report on a novel next generation flow (NGF) approach for highly sensitive and standardized MRD detection in MM. An optimized 2-tube 8-color antibody panel was constructed in five cycles of design-evaluation-redesign. In addition, a bulk-lysis procedure was established for acquisition of ⩾107 cells/sample, and novel software tools were constructed for automatic plasma cell gating. Multicenter evaluation of 110 follow-up BM from MM patients in very good partial response (VGPR) or CR showed a higher sensitivity for NGF-MRD vs conventional 8-color flow-MRD -MRD-positive rate of 47 vs 34% (P=0.003)-. Thus, 25% of patients classified as MRD-negative by conventional 8-color flow were MRD-positive by NGF, translating into a significantly longer progression-free survival for MRD-negative vs MRD-positive CR patients by NGF (75% progression-free survival not reached vs 7 months; P=0.02). This study establishes EuroFlow-based NGF as a highly sensitive, fully standardized approach for MRD detection in MM which overcomes the major limitations of conventional flow-MRD methods and is ready for implementation in routine diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Flores-Montero
- Cancer Research Center (IBMCC-CSIC/USAL-IBSAL); Cytometry Service (NUCLEUS) and Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain (USAL)
| | - L Sanoja-Flores
- Cancer Research Center (IBMCC-CSIC/USAL-IBSAL); Cytometry Service (NUCLEUS) and Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain (USAL)
| | - B Paiva
- Clinica Universidad de Navarra; Applied Medical Research Center (CIMA), IDISNA, Pamplona, Spain (UNAV)
| | - N Puig
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Salamanca, IBSAL; IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain (HUSAL)
| | - O García-Sánchez
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Salamanca, IBSAL; IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain (HUSAL)
| | - S Böttcher
- Second Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany (UNIKIEL)
| | - V H J van der Velden
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (EMC)
| | - J-J Pérez-Morán
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Salamanca, IBSAL; IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain (HUSAL)
| | - M-B Vidriales
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Salamanca, IBSAL; IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain (HUSAL)
| | - R García-Sanz
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Salamanca, IBSAL; IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain (HUSAL)
| | - C Jimenez
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Salamanca, IBSAL; IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain (HUSAL)
| | - M González
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Salamanca, IBSAL; IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain (HUSAL)
| | | | - A Corral-Mateos
- Cancer Research Center (IBMCC-CSIC/USAL-IBSAL); Cytometry Service (NUCLEUS) and Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain (USAL)
| | | | - R Fluxá
- Cytognos SL, Salamanca, Spain
| | - R Pontes
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro and Institute of Pediatrics and Childhood Care, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - J Caetano
- Department of Hematology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Lisbon, Portugal (IPOLFG)
| | - L Sedek
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland (SUM)
| | - M-C Del Cañizo
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Salamanca, IBSAL; IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain (HUSAL)
| | - J Bladé
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Clinic I Provincial, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J-J Lahuerta
- Department of Hematology, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Aguilar
- Department of Hematology, Hospital General de Santa Bárbara, Soria, Spain
| | - A Bárez
- Department of Hematology, Complejo Asistencial de Ávila, Ávila, Spain
| | - A García-Mateo
- Department of Hematology, Complejo Asistencial de Segovia, Segovia, Spain
| | - J Labrador
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario de Burgos, Burgos, Spain
| | - P Leoz
- Cancer Research Center (IBMCC-CSIC/USAL-IBSAL); Cytometry Service (NUCLEUS) and Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain (USAL)
| | - C Aguilera-Sanz
- Department of Hematology, Hospital El Bierzo, Ponferrada, Spain
| | - J San-Miguel
- Clinica Universidad de Navarra; Applied Medical Research Center (CIMA), IDISNA, Pamplona, Spain (UNAV)
| | - M-V Mateos
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Salamanca, IBSAL; IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain (HUSAL)
| | - B Durie
- Cedars-Sinai Samuel Oschin Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - J J M van Dongen
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (EMC).,Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - A Orfao
- Cancer Research Center (IBMCC-CSIC/USAL-IBSAL); Cytometry Service (NUCLEUS) and Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain (USAL)
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408
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Wogonin inhibits multiple myeloma-stimulated angiogenesis via c-Myc/VHL/HIF-1α signaling axis. Oncotarget 2016; 7:5715-27. [PMID: 26735336 PMCID: PMC4868716 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is associated with the progression of multiple myeloma (MM). Wogonin is an active mono-flavonoid with remarkable antitumor activity. However, its impact on MM-stimulated angiogenesis remains largely unknown. Here, we demonstrated that wogonin decreased expression and secretion of pro-angiogenic factors in MM cells via c-Myc/HIF-1α signaling axis, reducing MM-stimulated angiogenesis and MM cell proliferation in vivo. Overexpression of c-Myc in MM cells disrupted the balance between VHL SUMOylation and ubiquitination, and thus inhibited proteasome-mediated HIF-1α degradation. Impaired function of VHL ubiquitination complex in c-Myc-overexpressing cells was fully reversed by wogonin treatment via increasing HIF-1α-VHL interaction and promoting HIF-1α degradation. Collectively, our in vitro and in vivo studies reveal for the first time that wogonin represses MM-stimulated angiogenesis and tumor progression via c-Myc/VHL/HIF-1α signaling axis.
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409
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Cognitive problems following hematopoietic stem cell transplant: relationships with sleep, depression and fatigue. Bone Marrow Transplant 2016; 52:279-284. [PMID: 27941775 PMCID: PMC5288285 DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2016.248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive problems are a significant, persistent concern for patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). Sleep is important for many cognitive tasks; however, the relationship between sleep and cognitive problems for HSCT patients is unknown. This study examined the relationship between sleep and cognitive problems for HSCT patients from pre to post transplant. Patients undergoing HSCT (N=138) completed questionnaires at pre-transplant and during the 12 months following transplant. Questionnaires assessed sleep and cognitive problems as well as commonly co-occurring symptoms: depressive symptoms, fatigue and pain. Post hoc analyses examined the relationship of specific sleep problems with cognitive problems. Sleep problems covaried with cognitive problems even after controlling for depressive symptoms, fatigue and pain. Depressive symptoms and fatigue were also uniquely related to cognitive problems. Post hoc analyses suggest that sleep somnolence, shortness of breath, snoring and perceptions of inadequate sleep may contribute to the association found between sleep and cognitive problems. Findings suggest that sleep problems are associated with and may contribute to cognitive problems for HSCT patients. However, sleep problems are rarely screened for or discussed during clinic visits. Assessing and treating specific sleep problems in addition to depressive symptoms and fatigue may have implications for improving cognitive problems for HSCT patients.
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410
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Zhang L, Cao D, Tang L, Sun C, HU Y. A panel of circulating mi
RNA
s as diagnostic biomarkers for screening multiple myeloma: a systematic review and meta‐analysis. Int J Lab Hematol 2016; 38:589-599. [PMID: 27870469 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.12560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Zhang
- Department of Hematology Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - D. Cao
- Institute of Cancer Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan University WuhanChina
| | - L. Tang
- Department of Hematology Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei China
| | - C. Sun
- Department of Hematology Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei China
| | - Y. HU
- Department of Hematology Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei China
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411
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Chang Q, Geng R, Wang S, Qu D, Kong X. DOPA-based paclitaxel-loaded liposomes with modifications of transferrin and alendronate for bone and myeloma targeting. Drug Deliv 2016; 23:3629-3638. [PMID: 27749106 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2016.1214989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment for multiple myeloma (MM) with a combined strategy of bone and tumor targeting remains a crucial technical challenge due to the incorporation of various functional components into one single system. Here, we developed dioleoyl phosphatidic acid (DOPA)-based paclitaxel (PTX)-loaded liposomes with modifications of alendronate and transferrin (Ald-/Tf-modified PTX-L), which were capable of bone affinity mediated by phosphate groups in DOPA and alendronate, and tumor targeting offered by transferrin. Ald-/Tf-modified PTX-L had clear and well-defined spherical shape with an intermediated size of 118.8 ± 4.8 nm, a highly negative surface charge of -46.9 ± 6.8 mV and a drug entrapment efficiency (DEE) of approximately 80%. When the pH was changed from pH 7.4 to pH 6.5, the accumulative release of PTX from Ald-/Tf-modified PTX-L significantly increased from 26.7 ± 3.7% to 41.7 ± 4.9%. Importantly, liposomes based on DOPA displayed an obviously stronger affinity with hydroxyapatite (HAp) than 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DSPE)-based liposomes. Compared to PTX-L, Ald-/Tf-modified PTX-L exhibited obvious improvement of cytotoxicity (IC50 = 1.25 ± 0.09 μg/mL), significant enhancement on PTX intracellular accumulation (16.58 ± 0.62 μg/mg) and notable promotion to apoptosis induction (45.21 ± 3.10%) toward myeloma (MM1s) cells. In this study of antitumor efficacy, Ald-/Tf-modified PTX-L with bone-specific targeting showed a significant effect on extending the median survival time (48 days) and terminal survival time (> 58 days) against the MM1S-injected nude mice among all formulations. The results suggested that Ald-/Tf-modified PTX-L had potential as an efficient anticancer drug delivery system for MM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Chang
- a Department of Orthopaedics , School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University , Nanjing , P.R. China
| | - Rui Geng
- a Department of Orthopaedics , School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University , Nanjing , P.R. China
| | - Shanzheng Wang
- a Department of Orthopaedics , School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University , Nanjing , P.R. China
| | - Ding Qu
- b Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , P.R. China , and
| | - Xiangfei Kong
- a Department of Orthopaedics , School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University , Nanjing , P.R. China.,c Surgical Research Center, School of Medicine, Southeast University , Nanjing , P.R. China
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412
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Boursi B, Mamtani R, Yang YX, Weiss BM. Impact of metformin on the progression of MGUS to multiple myeloma. Leuk Lymphoma 2016; 58:1265-1267. [PMID: 27701912 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2016.1236375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ben Boursi
- a Abramson Cancer Center, Division of Hematology-Oncology , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , PA , USA.,b Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Ronac Mamtani
- a Abramson Cancer Center, Division of Hematology-Oncology , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , PA , USA.,b Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Yu-Xiao Yang
- b Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , PA , USA.,c Division of Gastroenterology , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Brendan M Weiss
- a Abramson Cancer Center, Division of Hematology-Oncology , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , PA , USA
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413
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Kanehira M, Fujiwara T, Nakajima S, Okitsu Y, Onishi Y, Fukuhara N, Ichinohasama R, Okada Y, Harigae H. An Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptors 1 and 3 Axis Governs Cellular Senescence of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Promotes Growth and Vascularization of Multiple Myeloma. Stem Cells 2016; 35:739-753. [PMID: 27641212 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent progenitor cells and there is much interest in how MSCs contribute to the regulation of the tumor microenvironment. Whether MSCs exert a supportive or suppressive effect on tumor progression is still controversial, but is likely dependent on a variety of factors that are tumor-type dependent. Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by growth of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow. It has been shown that the progression of MM is governed by MSCs, which act as a stroma of the myeloma cells. Although stroma is created via mutual communication between myeloma cells and MSCs, the mechanism is poorly understood. Here we explored the role of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) signaling in cellular events where MSCs were converted into either MM-supportive or MM-suppressive stroma. We found that myeloma cells stimulate MSCs to produce autotaxin, an indispensable enzyme for the biosynthesis of LPA, and LPA receptor 1 (LPA1) and 3 (LPA3) transduce opposite signals to MSCs to determine the fate of MSCs. LPA3-silenced MSCs (siLPA3-MSCs) exhibited cellular senescence-related phenotypes in vitro, and significantly promoted progression of MM and tumor-related angiogenesis in vivo. In contrast, siLPA1-MSCs showed resistance to cellular senescence in vitro, and efficiently delayed progression of MM and tumor-related angiogenesis in vivo. Consistently, anti-MM effects obtained by LPA1-silencing in MSCs were completely reproduced by systemic administration of Ki6425, an LPA1 antagonist. Collectively, our results indicate that LPA signaling determines the fate of MSCs and has potential as a therapeutic target in MM. Stem Cells 2017;35:739-753.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiko Kanehira
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tohru Fujiwara
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,Molecular Hematology/Oncology, Hebita, Ishinomaki, Japan
| | - Shinji Nakajima
- Japanese Red Cross Ishinomaki Hospital, Hebita, Ishinomaki, Japan
| | - Yoko Okitsu
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yasushi Onishi
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Noriko Fukuhara
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Ryo Ichinohasama
- Division of Hematopathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Okada
- Department of Thoracic surgery, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hideo Harigae
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,Molecular Hematology/Oncology, Hebita, Ishinomaki, Japan
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414
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Roy M, Liang L, Xiao X, Peng Y, Luo Y, Zhou W, Zhang J, Qiu L, Zhang S, Liu F, Ye M, Zhou W, Liu J. Lycorine Downregulates HMGB1 to Inhibit Autophagy and Enhances Bortezomib Activity in Multiple Myeloma. Am J Cancer Res 2016; 6:2209-2224. [PMID: 27924158 PMCID: PMC5135444 DOI: 10.7150/thno.15584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is largely incurable and drug-resistant. Novel therapeutic approaches such as inhibiting autophagy or rational drug combinations are aimed to overcome this issue. In this study, we found that lycorine exhibits a promising anti-proliferative activity against MM in vitro and in vivo by inhibiting autophagy. We identified High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), an important regulator of autophagy, as the most aberrantly expressed protein after lycorine treatment and as a critical mediator of lycorine activity. Gene expression profiling (GEP) analysis showed that higher expression of HMGB1 is linked with the poor prognosis of MM. This correlation was further confirmed in human bone marrow CD138+ primary myeloma cells and MM cell lines. Mechanistically, proteasomal degradation of HMGB1 by lycorine inhibits the activation of MEK-ERK thereby decreases phosphorylation of Bcl-2 resulting in constitutive association of Bcl-2 with Beclin-1. In addition, we observed higher HMGB1 expression in bortezomib resistant cells and the combination of bortezomib plus lycorine was highly efficient in vitro and in vivo myeloma models as well as in re-sensitizing resistant cells to bortezomib. These observations indicate lycorine as an effective autophagy inhibitor and reveal that lycorine alone or in combination with bortezomib is a potential therapeutic strategy.
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415
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Gu C, Li T, Yin Z, Chen S, Fei J, Shen J, Zhang Y. Integrative analysis of signaling pathways and diseases associated with the miR-106b/25 cluster and their function study in berberine-induced multiple myeloma cells. Funct Integr Genomics 2016; 17:253-262. [PMID: 27647143 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-016-0519-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Berberine (BBR), a traditional Chinese herbal medicine compound, has emerged as a novel class of anti-tumor agent. Our previous microRNA (miRNA) microarray demonstrated that miR-106b/25 was significantly down-regulated in BBR-treated multiple myeloma (MM) cells. Here, systematic integration showed that miR-106b/25 cluster is involved in multiple cancer-related signaling pathways and tumorigenesis. MiREnvironment database revealed that multiple environmental factors (drug, ionizing radiation, hypoxia) affected the miR-106b/25 cluster expression. By targeting the seed region in the miRNA, tiny anti-mir106b/25 cluster (t-anti-mir106b/25 cluster) significantly induced suppression in cell viability and colony formation. Western blot validated that t-anti-miR-106b/25 cluster effectively inhibited the expression of P38 MAPK and phospho-P38 MAPK in MM cells. These findings indicated the miR-106b/25 cluster functioned as oncogene and might provide a novel molecular insight into MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunming Gu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Jinan University, 601 Western Huangpu Avenue, 510632, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Tianfu Li
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zhao Yin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Jinan University, 601 Western Huangpu Avenue, 510632, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shengting Chen
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jia Fei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Jinan University, 601 Western Huangpu Avenue, 510632, Guangzhou, China. .,Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Jianping Shen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Institute of Hematology, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
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416
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Xu L, Mohammad KS, Wu H, Crean C, Poteat B, Cheng Y, Cardoso AA, Machal C, Hanenberg H, Abonour R, Kacena MA, Chirgwin J, Suvannasankha A, Srour EF. Cell Adhesion Molecule CD166 Drives Malignant Progression and Osteolytic Disease in Multiple Myeloma. Cancer Res 2016; 76:6901-6910. [PMID: 27634757 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-0517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma is incurable once osteolytic lesions have seeded at skeletal sites, but factors mediating this deadly pathogenic advance remain poorly understood. Here, we report evidence of a major role for the cell adhesion molecule CD166, which we discovered to be highly expressed in multiple myeloma cell lines and primary bone marrow cells from patients. CD166+ multiple myeloma cells homed more efficiently than CD166- cells to the bone marrow of engrafted immunodeficient NSG mice. CD166 silencing in multiple myeloma cells enabled longer survival, a smaller tumor burden, and less osteolytic lesions, as compared with mice bearing control cells. CD166 deficiency in multiple myeloma cell lines or CD138+ bone marrow cells from multiple myeloma patients compromised their ability to induce bone resorption in an ex vivo organ culture system. Furthermore, CD166 deficiency in multiple myeloma cells also reduced the formation of osteolytic disease in vivo after intratibial engraftment. Mechanistic investigation revealed that CD166 expression in multiple myeloma cells inhibited osteoblastogenesis of bone marrow-derived osteoblast progenitors by suppressing Runx2 gene expression. Conversely, CD166 expression in multiple myeloma cells promoted osteoclastogenesis by activating TRAF6-dependent signaling pathways in osteoclast progenitors. Overall, our results define CD166 as a pivotal director in multiple myeloma cell homing to the bone marrow and multiple myeloma progression, rationalizing its further study as a candidate therapeutic target for multiple myeloma treatment. Cancer Res; 76(23); 6901-10. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Xu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Khalid S Mohammad
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Colin Crean
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Bradley Poteat
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Yinghua Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Angelo A Cardoso
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | | | - Helmut Hanenberg
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head/Neck Surgery, Heinrich Heine University, Dusseldorf, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics III, University Children's Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Rafat Abonour
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Melissa A Kacena
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - John Chirgwin
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Richard L. Roudebush Veterans' Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Attaya Suvannasankha
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Richard L. Roudebush Veterans' Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Edward F Srour
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana. .,Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
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417
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Cooke RE, Gherardin NA, Harrison SJ, Quach H, Godfrey DI, Prince M, Koldej R, Ritchie DS. Spontaneous onset and transplant models of the Vk*MYC mouse show immunological sequelae comparable to human multiple myeloma. J Transl Med 2016; 14:259. [PMID: 27599546 PMCID: PMC5011922 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-016-0994-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Vk*MYC transgenic and transplant mouse models of multiple myeloma (MM) are well established as a research tool for anti-myeloma drug discovery. However, little is known of the immune response in these models. Understanding the immunological relevance of these models is of increasing importance as immunotherapeutic drugs are developed against MM. Methods We set out to examine how cellular immunity is affected in Vk*MYC mouse models and compare that to the immunology of patients with newly diagnosed and relapsed/refractory MM. Results We found that there were significant immunological responses in mice developing either spontaneous (transgenic) or transplanted MM as a consequence of the degree of tumor burden. Particularly striking were the profound B cell lymphopenia and the expansion of CD8+ effector memory T cells within the lymphocyte population that progressively developed with advancing disease burden, mirroring changes seen in human MM. High disease burden was also associated with increased inflammatory cytokine production by T lymphocytes, which is more fitting with relapsed/refractory MM in humans. Conclusions These findings have important implications for the application of this mouse model in the development of MM immunotherapies. Trial registration LitVacc ANZCTR trial ID ACTRN12613000344796; RevLite ANZCTR trial ID NCT00482261
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel E Cooke
- ACRF Translational Research Laboratory, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia. .,Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, University of Melbourne, East Melbourne, VIC, 3002, Australia. .,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Nicholas A Gherardin
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, University of Melbourne, East Melbourne, VIC, 3002, Australia.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Australia
| | - Simon J Harrison
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, University of Melbourne, East Melbourne, VIC, 3002, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Hang Quach
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, University of Melbourne, East Melbourne, VIC, 3002, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Dale I Godfrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Miles Prince
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, University of Melbourne, East Melbourne, VIC, 3002, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Rachel Koldej
- ACRF Translational Research Laboratory, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David S Ritchie
- ACRF Translational Research Laboratory, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.,Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, University of Melbourne, East Melbourne, VIC, 3002, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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418
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Shou LH, Cao D, Dong XH, Fang Q, Xu BL, Fei JP. Bone Marrow Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor Levels are Associated with the Progress of Multiple Myeloma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 31:155-160. [DOI: 10.1016/s1001-9294(16)30044-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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419
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Palumbo A, Chanan-Khan A, Weisel K, Nooka AK, Masszi T, Beksac M, Spicka I, Hungria V, Munder M, Mateos MV, Mark TM, Qi M, Schecter J, Amin H, Qin X, Deraedt W, Ahmadi T, Spencer A, Sonneveld P. Daratumumab, Bortezomib, and Dexamethasone for Multiple Myeloma. N Engl J Med 2016; 375:754-66. [PMID: 27557302 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1606038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1103] [Impact Index Per Article: 137.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Daratumumab, a human IgGκ monoclonal antibody that targets CD38, induces direct and indirect antimyeloma activity and has shown substantial efficacy as monotherapy in heavily pretreated patients with multiple myeloma, as well as in combination with bortezomib in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. METHODS In this phase 3 trial, we randomly assigned 498 patients with relapsed or relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma to receive bortezomib (1.3 mg per square meter of body-surface area) and dexamethasone (20 mg) alone (control group) or in combination with daratumumab (16 mg per kilogram of body weight) (daratumumab group). The primary end point was progression-free survival. RESULTS A prespecified interim analysis showed that the rate of progression-free survival was significantly higher in the daratumumab group than in the control group; the 12-month rate of progression-free survival was 60.7% in the daratumumab group versus 26.9% in the control group. After a median follow-up period of 7.4 months, the median progression-free survival was not reached in the daratumumab group and was 7.2 months in the control group (hazard ratio for progression or death with daratumumab vs. control, 0.39; 95% confidence interval, 0.28 to 0.53; P<0.001). The rate of overall response was higher in the daratumumab group than in the control group (82.9% vs. 63.2%, P<0.001), as were the rates of very good partial response or better (59.2% vs. 29.1%, P<0.001) and complete response or better (19.2% vs. 9.0%, P=0.001). Three of the most common grade 3 or 4 adverse events reported in the daratumumab group and the control group were thrombocytopenia (45.3% and 32.9%, respectively), anemia (14.4% and 16.0%, respectively), and neutropenia (12.8% and 4.2%, respectively). Infusion-related reactions that were associated with daratumumab treatment were reported in 45.3% of the patients in the daratumumab group; these reactions were mostly grade 1 or 2 (grade 3 in 8.6% of the patients), and in 98.2% of these patients, they occurred during the first infusion. CONCLUSIONS Among patients with relapsed or relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma, daratumumab in combination with bortezomib and dexamethasone resulted in significantly longer progression-free survival than bortezomib and dexamethasone alone and was associated with infusion-related reactions and higher rates of thrombocytopenia and neutropenia than bortezomib and dexamethasone alone. (Funded by Janssen Research and Development; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02136134.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Palumbo
- From the Department of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy (A.P.); the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville (A.C.-K.); Universitaetsklinikum Tuebingen der Eberhard-Karls-Universitaet, Abteilung fuer Innere Medizin II, Tuebingen (K.W.), and University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Third Department of Medicine, Mainz (M.M.) - both in Germany; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. László Hospital, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); Ankara University, Department of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); Clinical Department of Hematology, 1st Medical Department, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (I.S.); Irmandade Da Santa Casa De Misericordia De São Paulo, São Paulo (V.H.); University Hospital of Salamanca-Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain (M.V.M.); Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (T.M.M.); Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (M.Q., X.Q., T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (J.S., H.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (W.D.); Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (A.S.); and the Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (P.S.)
| | - Asher Chanan-Khan
- From the Department of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy (A.P.); the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville (A.C.-K.); Universitaetsklinikum Tuebingen der Eberhard-Karls-Universitaet, Abteilung fuer Innere Medizin II, Tuebingen (K.W.), and University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Third Department of Medicine, Mainz (M.M.) - both in Germany; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. László Hospital, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); Ankara University, Department of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); Clinical Department of Hematology, 1st Medical Department, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (I.S.); Irmandade Da Santa Casa De Misericordia De São Paulo, São Paulo (V.H.); University Hospital of Salamanca-Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain (M.V.M.); Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (T.M.M.); Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (M.Q., X.Q., T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (J.S., H.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (W.D.); Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (A.S.); and the Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (P.S.)
| | - Katja Weisel
- From the Department of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy (A.P.); the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville (A.C.-K.); Universitaetsklinikum Tuebingen der Eberhard-Karls-Universitaet, Abteilung fuer Innere Medizin II, Tuebingen (K.W.), and University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Third Department of Medicine, Mainz (M.M.) - both in Germany; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. László Hospital, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); Ankara University, Department of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); Clinical Department of Hematology, 1st Medical Department, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (I.S.); Irmandade Da Santa Casa De Misericordia De São Paulo, São Paulo (V.H.); University Hospital of Salamanca-Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain (M.V.M.); Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (T.M.M.); Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (M.Q., X.Q., T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (J.S., H.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (W.D.); Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (A.S.); and the Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (P.S.)
| | - Ajay K Nooka
- From the Department of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy (A.P.); the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville (A.C.-K.); Universitaetsklinikum Tuebingen der Eberhard-Karls-Universitaet, Abteilung fuer Innere Medizin II, Tuebingen (K.W.), and University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Third Department of Medicine, Mainz (M.M.) - both in Germany; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. László Hospital, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); Ankara University, Department of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); Clinical Department of Hematology, 1st Medical Department, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (I.S.); Irmandade Da Santa Casa De Misericordia De São Paulo, São Paulo (V.H.); University Hospital of Salamanca-Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain (M.V.M.); Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (T.M.M.); Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (M.Q., X.Q., T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (J.S., H.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (W.D.); Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (A.S.); and the Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (P.S.)
| | - Tamas Masszi
- From the Department of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy (A.P.); the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville (A.C.-K.); Universitaetsklinikum Tuebingen der Eberhard-Karls-Universitaet, Abteilung fuer Innere Medizin II, Tuebingen (K.W.), and University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Third Department of Medicine, Mainz (M.M.) - both in Germany; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. László Hospital, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); Ankara University, Department of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); Clinical Department of Hematology, 1st Medical Department, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (I.S.); Irmandade Da Santa Casa De Misericordia De São Paulo, São Paulo (V.H.); University Hospital of Salamanca-Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain (M.V.M.); Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (T.M.M.); Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (M.Q., X.Q., T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (J.S., H.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (W.D.); Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (A.S.); and the Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (P.S.)
| | - Meral Beksac
- From the Department of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy (A.P.); the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville (A.C.-K.); Universitaetsklinikum Tuebingen der Eberhard-Karls-Universitaet, Abteilung fuer Innere Medizin II, Tuebingen (K.W.), and University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Third Department of Medicine, Mainz (M.M.) - both in Germany; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. László Hospital, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); Ankara University, Department of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); Clinical Department of Hematology, 1st Medical Department, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (I.S.); Irmandade Da Santa Casa De Misericordia De São Paulo, São Paulo (V.H.); University Hospital of Salamanca-Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain (M.V.M.); Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (T.M.M.); Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (M.Q., X.Q., T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (J.S., H.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (W.D.); Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (A.S.); and the Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (P.S.)
| | - Ivan Spicka
- From the Department of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy (A.P.); the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville (A.C.-K.); Universitaetsklinikum Tuebingen der Eberhard-Karls-Universitaet, Abteilung fuer Innere Medizin II, Tuebingen (K.W.), and University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Third Department of Medicine, Mainz (M.M.) - both in Germany; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. László Hospital, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); Ankara University, Department of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); Clinical Department of Hematology, 1st Medical Department, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (I.S.); Irmandade Da Santa Casa De Misericordia De São Paulo, São Paulo (V.H.); University Hospital of Salamanca-Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain (M.V.M.); Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (T.M.M.); Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (M.Q., X.Q., T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (J.S., H.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (W.D.); Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (A.S.); and the Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (P.S.)
| | - Vania Hungria
- From the Department of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy (A.P.); the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville (A.C.-K.); Universitaetsklinikum Tuebingen der Eberhard-Karls-Universitaet, Abteilung fuer Innere Medizin II, Tuebingen (K.W.), and University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Third Department of Medicine, Mainz (M.M.) - both in Germany; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. László Hospital, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); Ankara University, Department of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); Clinical Department of Hematology, 1st Medical Department, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (I.S.); Irmandade Da Santa Casa De Misericordia De São Paulo, São Paulo (V.H.); University Hospital of Salamanca-Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain (M.V.M.); Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (T.M.M.); Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (M.Q., X.Q., T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (J.S., H.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (W.D.); Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (A.S.); and the Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (P.S.)
| | - Markus Munder
- From the Department of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy (A.P.); the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville (A.C.-K.); Universitaetsklinikum Tuebingen der Eberhard-Karls-Universitaet, Abteilung fuer Innere Medizin II, Tuebingen (K.W.), and University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Third Department of Medicine, Mainz (M.M.) - both in Germany; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. László Hospital, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); Ankara University, Department of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); Clinical Department of Hematology, 1st Medical Department, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (I.S.); Irmandade Da Santa Casa De Misericordia De São Paulo, São Paulo (V.H.); University Hospital of Salamanca-Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain (M.V.M.); Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (T.M.M.); Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (M.Q., X.Q., T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (J.S., H.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (W.D.); Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (A.S.); and the Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (P.S.)
| | - Maria V Mateos
- From the Department of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy (A.P.); the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville (A.C.-K.); Universitaetsklinikum Tuebingen der Eberhard-Karls-Universitaet, Abteilung fuer Innere Medizin II, Tuebingen (K.W.), and University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Third Department of Medicine, Mainz (M.M.) - both in Germany; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. László Hospital, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); Ankara University, Department of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); Clinical Department of Hematology, 1st Medical Department, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (I.S.); Irmandade Da Santa Casa De Misericordia De São Paulo, São Paulo (V.H.); University Hospital of Salamanca-Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain (M.V.M.); Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (T.M.M.); Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (M.Q., X.Q., T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (J.S., H.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (W.D.); Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (A.S.); and the Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (P.S.)
| | - Tomer M Mark
- From the Department of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy (A.P.); the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville (A.C.-K.); Universitaetsklinikum Tuebingen der Eberhard-Karls-Universitaet, Abteilung fuer Innere Medizin II, Tuebingen (K.W.), and University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Third Department of Medicine, Mainz (M.M.) - both in Germany; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. László Hospital, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); Ankara University, Department of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); Clinical Department of Hematology, 1st Medical Department, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (I.S.); Irmandade Da Santa Casa De Misericordia De São Paulo, São Paulo (V.H.); University Hospital of Salamanca-Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain (M.V.M.); Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (T.M.M.); Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (M.Q., X.Q., T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (J.S., H.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (W.D.); Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (A.S.); and the Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (P.S.)
| | - Ming Qi
- From the Department of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy (A.P.); the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville (A.C.-K.); Universitaetsklinikum Tuebingen der Eberhard-Karls-Universitaet, Abteilung fuer Innere Medizin II, Tuebingen (K.W.), and University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Third Department of Medicine, Mainz (M.M.) - both in Germany; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. László Hospital, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); Ankara University, Department of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); Clinical Department of Hematology, 1st Medical Department, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (I.S.); Irmandade Da Santa Casa De Misericordia De São Paulo, São Paulo (V.H.); University Hospital of Salamanca-Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain (M.V.M.); Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (T.M.M.); Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (M.Q., X.Q., T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (J.S., H.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (W.D.); Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (A.S.); and the Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (P.S.)
| | - Jordan Schecter
- From the Department of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy (A.P.); the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville (A.C.-K.); Universitaetsklinikum Tuebingen der Eberhard-Karls-Universitaet, Abteilung fuer Innere Medizin II, Tuebingen (K.W.), and University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Third Department of Medicine, Mainz (M.M.) - both in Germany; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. László Hospital, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); Ankara University, Department of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); Clinical Department of Hematology, 1st Medical Department, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (I.S.); Irmandade Da Santa Casa De Misericordia De São Paulo, São Paulo (V.H.); University Hospital of Salamanca-Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain (M.V.M.); Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (T.M.M.); Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (M.Q., X.Q., T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (J.S., H.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (W.D.); Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (A.S.); and the Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (P.S.)
| | - Himal Amin
- From the Department of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy (A.P.); the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville (A.C.-K.); Universitaetsklinikum Tuebingen der Eberhard-Karls-Universitaet, Abteilung fuer Innere Medizin II, Tuebingen (K.W.), and University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Third Department of Medicine, Mainz (M.M.) - both in Germany; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. László Hospital, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); Ankara University, Department of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); Clinical Department of Hematology, 1st Medical Department, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (I.S.); Irmandade Da Santa Casa De Misericordia De São Paulo, São Paulo (V.H.); University Hospital of Salamanca-Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain (M.V.M.); Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (T.M.M.); Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (M.Q., X.Q., T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (J.S., H.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (W.D.); Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (A.S.); and the Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (P.S.)
| | - Xiang Qin
- From the Department of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy (A.P.); the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville (A.C.-K.); Universitaetsklinikum Tuebingen der Eberhard-Karls-Universitaet, Abteilung fuer Innere Medizin II, Tuebingen (K.W.), and University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Third Department of Medicine, Mainz (M.M.) - both in Germany; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. László Hospital, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); Ankara University, Department of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); Clinical Department of Hematology, 1st Medical Department, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (I.S.); Irmandade Da Santa Casa De Misericordia De São Paulo, São Paulo (V.H.); University Hospital of Salamanca-Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain (M.V.M.); Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (T.M.M.); Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (M.Q., X.Q., T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (J.S., H.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (W.D.); Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (A.S.); and the Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (P.S.)
| | - William Deraedt
- From the Department of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy (A.P.); the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville (A.C.-K.); Universitaetsklinikum Tuebingen der Eberhard-Karls-Universitaet, Abteilung fuer Innere Medizin II, Tuebingen (K.W.), and University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Third Department of Medicine, Mainz (M.M.) - both in Germany; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. László Hospital, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); Ankara University, Department of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); Clinical Department of Hematology, 1st Medical Department, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (I.S.); Irmandade Da Santa Casa De Misericordia De São Paulo, São Paulo (V.H.); University Hospital of Salamanca-Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain (M.V.M.); Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (T.M.M.); Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (M.Q., X.Q., T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (J.S., H.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (W.D.); Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (A.S.); and the Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (P.S.)
| | - Tahamtan Ahmadi
- From the Department of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy (A.P.); the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville (A.C.-K.); Universitaetsklinikum Tuebingen der Eberhard-Karls-Universitaet, Abteilung fuer Innere Medizin II, Tuebingen (K.W.), and University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Third Department of Medicine, Mainz (M.M.) - both in Germany; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. László Hospital, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); Ankara University, Department of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); Clinical Department of Hematology, 1st Medical Department, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (I.S.); Irmandade Da Santa Casa De Misericordia De São Paulo, São Paulo (V.H.); University Hospital of Salamanca-Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain (M.V.M.); Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (T.M.M.); Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (M.Q., X.Q., T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (J.S., H.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (W.D.); Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (A.S.); and the Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (P.S.)
| | - Andrew Spencer
- From the Department of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy (A.P.); the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville (A.C.-K.); Universitaetsklinikum Tuebingen der Eberhard-Karls-Universitaet, Abteilung fuer Innere Medizin II, Tuebingen (K.W.), and University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Third Department of Medicine, Mainz (M.M.) - both in Germany; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. László Hospital, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); Ankara University, Department of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); Clinical Department of Hematology, 1st Medical Department, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (I.S.); Irmandade Da Santa Casa De Misericordia De São Paulo, São Paulo (V.H.); University Hospital of Salamanca-Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain (M.V.M.); Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (T.M.M.); Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (M.Q., X.Q., T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (J.S., H.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (W.D.); Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (A.S.); and the Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (P.S.)
| | - Pieter Sonneveld
- From the Department of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy (A.P.); the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville (A.C.-K.); Universitaetsklinikum Tuebingen der Eberhard-Karls-Universitaet, Abteilung fuer Innere Medizin II, Tuebingen (K.W.), and University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Third Department of Medicine, Mainz (M.M.) - both in Germany; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. László Hospital, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); Ankara University, Department of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); Clinical Department of Hematology, 1st Medical Department, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (I.S.); Irmandade Da Santa Casa De Misericordia De São Paulo, São Paulo (V.H.); University Hospital of Salamanca-Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain (M.V.M.); Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (T.M.M.); Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (M.Q., X.Q., T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (J.S., H.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (W.D.); Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (A.S.); and the Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (P.S.)
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Lavik AR, Zhong F, Chang MJ, Greenberg E, Choudhary Y, Smith MR, McColl KS, Pink J, Reu FJ, Matsuyama S, Distelhorst CW. A synthetic peptide targeting the BH4 domain of Bcl-2 induces apoptosis in multiple myeloma and follicular lymphoma cells alone or in combination with agents targeting the BH3-binding pocket of Bcl-2. Oncotarget 2016; 6:27388-402. [PMID: 26317541 PMCID: PMC4694997 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bcl-2 inhibits apoptosis by two distinct mechanisms but only one is targeted to treat Bcl-2-positive malignancies. In this mechanism, the BH1-3 domains of Bcl-2 form a hydrophobic pocket, binding and inhibiting pro-apoptotic proteins, including Bim. In the other mechanism, the BH4 domain mediates interaction of Bcl-2 with inositol 1,4, 5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs), inhibiting pro-apoptotic Ca2+ signals. The current anti-Bcl-2 agents, ABT-263 (Navitoclax) and ABT-199 (Venetoclax), induce apoptosis by displacing pro-apoptotic proteins from the hydrophobic pocket, but do not inhibit Bcl-2-IP3R interaction. Therefore, to target this interaction we developed BIRD-2 (Bcl-2 IP3 Receptor Disruptor-2), a decoy peptide that binds to the BH4 domain, blocking Bcl-2-IP3R interaction and thus inducing Ca2+-mediated apoptosis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia, multiple myeloma, and follicular lymphoma cells, including cells resistant to ABT-263, ABT-199, or the Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitor Ibrutinib. Moreover, combining BIRD-2 with ABT-263 or ABT-199 enhances apoptosis induction compared to single agent treatment. Overall, these findings provide strong rationale for developing novel therapeutic agents that mimic the action of BIRD-2 in targeting the BH4 domain of Bcl-2 and disrupting Bcl-2-IP3R interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Lavik
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Fei Zhong
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Ming-Jin Chang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Edward Greenberg
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Medicine, MetroHealth Medical Center and Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Yuvraj Choudhary
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Mitchell R Smith
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Karen S McColl
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - John Pink
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Frederic J Reu
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Shigemi Matsuyama
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Clark W Distelhorst
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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421
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Coudre C, Alani J, Ritchie W, Marsaud V, Sola B, Cahu J. HIF-1α and rapamycin act as gerosuppressant in multiple myeloma cells upon genotoxic stress. Cell Cycle 2016; 15:2174-2182. [PMID: 27340936 PMCID: PMC4993538 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2016.1196302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is still an incurable hematological malignancy. Despite recent progress due to new anti-myeloma agents, the pathology is characterized by a high frequency of de novo or acquired resistance. Delineating the mechanisms of MM resistance is essential for therapeutic advances. We previously showed that long-term genotoxic stress induces the establishment of a senescence-associated secretory phenotype, a pro-inflammatory response that favors the emergence of cells with cancer stem-like properties. Here, we studied the short-term response of MM cells following treatment with various DNA damaging agents such as the energetic C-ion irradiation. MM cells are highly resistant to all treatments and do not enter apoptosis after they arrest cycling at the G2 phase. Although the DNA damage response pathway was activated, DNA breaks remained chronically in damaged MM cells. We found, using a transcriptomic approach that RAD50, a major DNA repair gene was downregulated early after genotoxic stress. In two gerosuppression situations: induction of hypoxia and inhibition of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, we observed, after the treatment with a DNA damaging agent, a normalization of RAD50 expression concomitant with the absence of cell cycle arrest. We propose that combining inhibitors of mTOR with genotoxic agents could avoid MM cells to senesce and secrete pro-inflammatory factors responsible for cancer stem-like cell emergence and, in turn, relapse of MM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julien Alani
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, EA4652, MICAH team, Caen, France
| | - William Ritchie
- Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Brigitte Sola
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, EA4652, MICAH team, Caen, France
| | - Julie Cahu
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, EA4652, MICAH team, Caen, France
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422
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Clonal selection and double-hit events involving tumor suppressor genes underlie relapse in myeloma. Blood 2016; 128:1735-44. [PMID: 27516441 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-06-723007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
To elucidate the mechanisms underlying relapse from chemotherapy in multiple myeloma, we performed a longitudinal study of 33 patients entered into Total Therapy protocols investigating them using gene expression profiling, high-resolution copy number arrays, and whole-exome sequencing. The study illustrates the mechanistic importance of acquired mutations in known myeloma driver genes and the critical nature of biallelic inactivation events affecting tumor suppressor genes, especially TP53, the end result being resistance to apoptosis and increased proliferation rates, which drive relapse by Darwinian-type clonal evolution. The number of copy number aberration changes and biallelic inactivation of tumor suppressor genes was increased in GEP70 high risk, consistent with genomic instability being a key feature of high risk. In conclusion, the study highlights the impact of acquired genetic events, which enhance the evolutionary fitness level of myeloma-propagating cells to survive multiagent chemotherapy and to result in relapse.
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423
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Liu F, Luo G, Xiao Q, Chen L, Luo X, Lv J, Chen L. Fucoidan inhibits angiogenesis induced by multiple myeloma cells. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:1963-72. [PMID: 27498597 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.4987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) remains an incurable hematological neoplasms. Our previous studies showed that Fucoidan possessed anti-myeloma effect by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting invasion of myeloma cells. In this study, we evaluated the effect of Fucoidan on angiogenesis induced by human myeloma cells and elucidated its possible mechanisms. Multiple myeloma cells were treated with Fucoidan at different concentrations, then the conditioned medium (CM) was collected. The levels of VEGF in the CM were tested by ELISA. The results showed that Fucoidan significantly decreased VEGF secretion by RPMI-8226 and U266 cells. The tube formation assay and migration test on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were used to examine the effect of Fucoidan on angiogenesis induced by human myeloma cells. The results showed that Fucoidan decreased HUVECs formed tube structures and inhibited HUVECs migration, and suppressed the angiogenic ability of multiple myeloma RPMI-8226 and U266 cells in a dose-dependent manner. The study also showed that Fucoidan downregulated the expression of several kinds of proteins, which may be correlated with the reduction of angiogenesis induced by myeloma cells. Moreover, results were compared from normoxic and hypoxic conditions, they showed that Fucoidan had anti-angiogenic activity. Furthermore, in a multiple myeloma xenograft mouse model, it indicated that Fucoidan negatively affected tumor growth and angiogenesis in vivo. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that Fucoidan was able to interfere with angiogenesis of multiple myeloma cells both in vitro and in vivo and may have a substantial potential in the treatment of MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Liu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Guoping Luo
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Qing Xiao
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Liping Chen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohua Luo
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Jinglong Lv
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Lixue Chen
- The Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
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424
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Shu C, Zeng T, Gao S, Xia T, Huang L, Zhang F, Chen W. LC–MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of thalidomide, lenalidomide, cyclophosphamide, bortezomib, dexamethasone and adriamycin in serum of multiple myeloma patients. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1028:111-119. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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425
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Mateos MV, Hernández MT, Giraldo P, de la Rubia J, de Arriba F, Corral LL, Rosiñol L, Paiva B, Palomera L, Bargay J, Oriol A, Prosper F, López J, Arguiñano JM, Quintana N, García JL, Bladé J, Lahuerta JJ, Miguel JFS. Lenalidomide plus dexamethasone versus observation in patients with high-risk smouldering multiple myeloma (QuiRedex): long-term follow-up of a randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol 2016; 17:1127-1136. [DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(16)30124-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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426
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Hierarchy for targeting prosurvival BCL2 family proteins in multiple myeloma: pivotal role of MCL1. Blood 2016; 128:1834-1844. [PMID: 27465916 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-03-704908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
New therapeutic targets are needed to address the poor prognosis of patients with high-risk multiple myeloma. Myeloma cells usually express a range of the prosurvival BCL2 proteins. To define the hierarchy of their relative importance for maintaining the survival of myeloma cells, we targeted each of them in a large panel of cell lines, using pharmacological inhibitors or gene editing or by peptide-based approaches, alone or in combination. The majority of well-established immortalized cell lines (17/25) or low-passage myeloma cell lines (5/7) are readily killed when MCL1 is targeted, even including those cell lines sensitive to BCL2 inhibition. Targeting MCL1 also constrained the growth of myeloma in vivo. We also identified a previously unrecognized subset of myeloma that is highly BCLXL-dependent, and has the potential for cotargeting MCL1 and BCLXL. As MCL1 is pivotal for maintaining survival of most myelomas, it should be prioritized for targeting in the clinic once high-quality, validated inhibitors become available.
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427
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Paíno T, Garcia-Gomez A, González-Méndez L, San-Segundo L, Hernández-García S, López-Iglesias AA, Algarín EM, Martín-Sánchez M, Corbacho D, Ortiz-de-Solorzano C, Corchete LA, Gutiérrez NC, Maetos MV, Garayoa M, Ocio EM. The Novel Pan-PIM Kinase Inhibitor, PIM447, Displays Dual Antimyeloma and Bone-Protective Effects, and Potently Synergizes with Current Standards of Care. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 23:225-238. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-0230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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428
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Targeting, Monitoring and Effect of Oral Iron Therapy on Haemoglobin Levels in Older Patients Discharged to Primary Care from Inpatient Rehabilitation: A Cohort Study Using Routinely Collected Data. Drugs Aging 2016; 33:603-10. [DOI: 10.1007/s40266-016-0385-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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429
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Ophthalmic Manifestations of Hematopoietic Malignancy. Case Rep Ophthalmol Med 2016; 2016:6074968. [PMID: 27375913 PMCID: PMC4914723 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6074968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose. To report the ocular findings in patients with hematopoietic malignancy with optic nerve involvement and abducens nerve palsy. Methods. The medical records of all cases of hematopoietic cancer with ophthalmic involvements seen in the Department of Ophthalmology of the National Center for Global Health and Medicine between 2009 and 2014 were reviewed. Results. Eight patients with hematopoietic cancer with optic nerve invasion or abducens nerve palsy were studied. The primary diseases were 3 cases of multiple myeloma, 1 case of acute lymphocytic leukemia, 1 case of follicular lymphoma, and 3 cases of AIDS-related lymphoma. Six cases had optic nerve invasion, 2 cases had abducens nerve palsy, and 1 case had optic nerve invasion of both eyes. The median visual acuity of eyes with optic nerve invasion was 0.885 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) units. The final visual acuity of eyes with optic nerve invasion was 1.25 logMAR units, and that of those with sixth-nerve palsy was −0.1 logMAR units. Six cases died during the five-year follow-up period. An ophthalmic involvement in patients with hematopoietic cancer, especially AIDS-related lymphoma, was associated with poor prognosis. Conclusion. Because ophthalmic involvement in patients with hematopoietic malignancy has a poor prognosis, an early diagnosis of the cancers by the ophthalmologic findings by ophthalmologists could improve the prognosis.
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430
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Lerch MM, Hansen MJ, van Dam GM, Szymanski W, Feringa BL. Emerging Targets in Photopharmacology. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:10978-99. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201601931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 413] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael M. Lerch
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Mickel J. Hansen
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 7 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Gooitzen M. van Dam
- Department of Surgery, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging and Intensive Care, University of Groningen; University Medical Center Groningen; Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30001 9700 RB Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Wiktor Szymanski
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology, University of Groningen; University Medical Center Groningen; Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30001 9700 RB Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Ben L. Feringa
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 7 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology, University of Groningen; University Medical Center Groningen; Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30001 9700 RB Groningen The Netherlands
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431
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Lerch MM, Hansen MJ, van Dam GM, Szymanski W, Feringa BL. Neue Ziele für die Photopharmakologie. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201601931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael M. Lerch
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen Niederlande
| | - Mickel J. Hansen
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen Niederlande
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 7 9747 AG Groningen Niederlande
| | - Gooitzen M. van Dam
- Department of Surgery, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging and Intensive Care, University of Groningen; University Medical Center Groningen; Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30001 9700 RB Groningen Niederlande
| | - Wiktor Szymanski
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen Niederlande
- Department of Radiology, University of Groningen; University Medical Center Groningen; Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30001 9700 RB Groningen Niederlande
| | - Ben L. Feringa
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen Niederlande
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 7 9747 AG Groningen Niederlande
- Department of Radiology, University of Groningen; University Medical Center Groningen; Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30001 9700 RB Groningen Niederlande
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432
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Merz M, Jansen L, Castro FA, Hillengass J, Salwender H, Weisel K, Scheid C, Luttmann S, Emrich K, Holleczek B, Katalinic A, Nennecke A, Straka C, Langer C, Engelhardt M, Einsele H, Kröger N, Beelen D, Dreger P, Brenner H, Goldschmidt H. Survival of elderly patients with multiple myeloma—Effect of upfront autologous stem cell transplantation. Eur J Cancer 2016; 62:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2016.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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433
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Naymagon L, Abdul-Hay M. Novel agents in the treatment of multiple myeloma: a review about the future. J Hematol Oncol 2016; 9:52. [PMID: 27363832 PMCID: PMC4929712 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-016-0282-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a disease that affects plasma cells and can lead to devastating clinical features such as anemia, lytic bone lesions, hypercalcemia, and renal disease. An enhanced understanding of MM disease mechanisms has led to new more targeted treatments. There is now a plethora of treatments available for MM. In this review article, our aim is to discuss many of the novel agents that are being studied or have recently been approved for the treatment of MM. These agents include the following: immunomodulators (pomalidomide), proteasome inhibitors (carfilzomib, marizomib, ixazomib, oprozomib), alkylating agents (bendamustine), AKT inhibitors (afuresertib), BTK inhibitors (ibrutinib), CDK inhibitors (dinaciclib), histone deacetylase inhibitors (panobinostat, rocilinostat, vorinostat), IL-6 inhibitors (siltuximab), kinesin spindle protein inhibitors (filanesib), monoclonal antibodies (daratumumab, elotuzumab, indatuximab, SAR650984), and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maher Abdul-Hay
- Department of Medicine, New York University, New York, USA. .,Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University, New York, USA. .,NYU School of Medicine, 240 East 38th Street, 19 Floor, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
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434
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Keppler S, Weiβbach S, Langer C, Knop S, Pischimarov J, Kull M, Stühmer T, Steinbrunn T, Bargou R, Einsele H, Rosenwald A, Leich E. Rare SNPs in receptor tyrosine kinases are negative outcome predictors in multiple myeloma. Oncotarget 2016; 7:38762-38774. [PMID: 27246973 PMCID: PMC5122427 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell disorder that is characterized by a great genetic heterogeneity. Recent next generation sequencing studies revealed an accumulation of tumor-associated mutations in receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) which may also contribute to the activation of survival pathways in MM. To investigate the clinical role of RTK-mutations in MM, we deep-sequenced the coding DNA-sequence of EGFR, EPHA2, ERBB3, IGF1R, NTRK1 and NTRK2 which were previously found to be mutated in MM, in 75 uniformly treated MM patients of the "Deutsche Studiengruppe Multiples Myelom". Subsequently, we correlated the detected mutations with common cytogenetic alterations and clinical parameters. We identified 11 novel non-synonymous SNVs or rare patient-specific SNPs, not listed in the SNP databases 1000 genomes and dbSNP, in 10 primary MM cases. The mutations predominantly affected the tyrosine-kinase and ligand-binding domains and no correlation with cytogenetic parameters was found. Interestingly, however, patients with RTK-mutations, specifically those with rare patient-specific SNPs, showed a significantly lower overall, event-free and progression-free survival. This indicates that RTK SNVs and rare patient-specific RTK SNPs are of prognostic relevance and suggests that MM patients with RTK-mutations could potentially profit from treatment with RTK-inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Keppler
- Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken (CCC MF), University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Susann Weiβbach
- Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken (CCC MF), University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christian Langer
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Stefan Knop
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jordan Pischimarov
- Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken (CCC MF), University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Miriam Kull
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Thorsten Stühmer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Torsten Steinbrunn
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ralf Bargou
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken (CCC MF), University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Hermann Einsele
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Rosenwald
- Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken (CCC MF), University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ellen Leich
- Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken (CCC MF), University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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435
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Bullwinkle EM, Parker MD, Bonan NF, Falkenberg LG, Davison SP, DeCicco-Skinner KL. Adipocytes contribute to the growth and progression of multiple myeloma: Unraveling obesity related differences in adipocyte signaling. Cancer Lett 2016; 380:114-21. [PMID: 27317873 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity over the last several decades in the United States has tripled among children and doubled among adults. Obesity increases the incidence and progression of multiple myeloma (MM), yet the molecular mechanisms by which adipocytes contribute to cancer development and patient prognosis have yet to be fully elucidated. Here, we obtained human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) from twenty-nine normal (BMI = 20-25 kg/m(2)), overweight (25-30 kg/m(2)), obese (30-35 kg/m(2)), or super obese (35-40 kg/m(2)) patients undergoing elective liposuction. Upon differentiation, adipocytes were co-cultured with RPMI-8226 and NCI-H929 MM cell lines. Adipocytes from overweight, obese and super obese patients displayed increased PPAR-gamma, cytochrome C, interleukin-6, and leptin protein levels, and decreased fatty acid synthase protein. 8226 MM cells proliferated faster and displayed increased pSTAT-3/STAT-3 signaling when cultured in adipocyte conditioned media. Further, adipocyte conditioned media from obese and super obese patients significantly increased MM cell adhesion, and conditioned media from overweight, obese and super obese patients enhanced tube formation and expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2. In summary, our data suggest that adipocytes in the MM microenvironment contribute to MM growth and progression and should be further evaluated as a possible therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Melissa D Parker
- Department of Biology, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA
| | - Nicole F Bonan
- Department of Biology, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA
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436
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Engelhardt M, Dold SM, Ihorst G, Zober A, Möller M, Reinhardt H, Hieke S, Schumacher M, Wäsch R. Geriatric assessment in multiple myeloma patients: validation of the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) score and comparison with other common comorbidity scores. Haematologica 2016; 101:1110-9. [PMID: 27479825 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2016.148189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This first validation of the International Myeloma Working Group geriatric assessment in 125 newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients was performed using the International Myeloma Working Group score based on age, the Charlson Comorbidity Index and cognitive and physical conditions (Activities of Daily Living / Instrumental Activities of Daily Living) to classify patients as fit, intermediate-fit or frail. We verified the International Myeloma Working Group score's impact on outcome, and whether additional tools complement it. Since our prior analyses determined renal, lung and Karnofsky performance impairment as multivariate risks, and the inclusion of frailty, age and cytogenetics complements this, we included the revised myeloma comorbidity index, the Charlson Comorbidity Index, the Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation-Comorbidity Index and the Kaplan-Feinstein Index in this assessment. Multivariate analysis confirmed cytogenetics, Activities of Daily Living, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living and the Charlson Comorbidity Index as risks: 3-year overall survival for fit, intermediate-fit and frail patients was 91%, 77% and 47%, respectively. Using the Charlson Comorbidity Index, the Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation-Comorbidity Index, the Kaplan-Feinstein Index and the revised Myeloma Comorbidity Index allowed us to define fit and frail patients with distinct progression-free and overall survival rates, with the most pronounced differences evidenced via the International Myeloma Working Group score, the Charlson Comorbidity Index and the revised Myeloma Comorbidity Index. Since the Charlson Comorbidity Index is included in the International Myeloma Working Group score, we propose the latter and the revised Myeloma Comorbidity Index for future frailty measurements. Both are useful instruments for identifying myeloma patients with a geriatric risk profile and have a strong prognostic value for functional decline and overall survival. The study was registered as: (clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: 00003686).
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Engelhardt
- Department of Medicine I, Hematology, Oncology & Stem Cell Transplantation, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sandra Maria Dold
- Department of Medicine I, Hematology, Oncology & Stem Cell Transplantation, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gabriele Ihorst
- Clinical Trials Unit, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Zober
- Department of Medicine I, Hematology, Oncology & Stem Cell Transplantation, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mandy Möller
- Department of Medicine I, Hematology, Oncology & Stem Cell Transplantation, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Heike Reinhardt
- Department of Medicine I, Hematology, Oncology & Stem Cell Transplantation, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Hieke
- Institute for Medical Biometry and Statistics, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Martin Schumacher
- Institute for Medical Biometry and Statistics, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ralph Wäsch
- Department of Medicine I, Hematology, Oncology & Stem Cell Transplantation, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
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437
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Xuan Y, Li XH, Hu ZQ, Teng ZM, Hu DJ. A Mendelian Randomization Study of Plasma Homocysteine and Multiple Myeloma. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25204. [PMID: 27126524 PMCID: PMC4850434 DOI: 10.1038/srep25204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Observational studies have demonstrated an association between elevated homocysteine (Hcy) level and risk of multiple myeloma (MM). However, it remains unclear whether this relationship is causal. We conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) study to evaluate whether genetically increased Hcy level influences the risk of MM. We used the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism as an instrumental variable, which affects the plasma Hcy levels. Estimate of its effect on plasma Hcy level was based on a recent genome-wide meta-analysis of 44,147 individuals, while estimate of its effect on MM risk was obtained through meta-analysis of case-control studies with 2,092 cases and 4,954 controls. By combining these two estimates, we found that per one standard-deviation (SD) increase in natural log-transformed plasma Hcy levels conferred a 2.67-fold increase in risk for MM (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.12–6.38; P = 2.7 × 10−2). Our study suggests that elevated Hcy levels are causally associated with an increased risk of developing MM. Whether Hcy-lowering therapy can prevent MM merits further investigation in long-term randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xuan
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Epidemiology &Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Zhong-Qian Hu
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhi-Mei Teng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Epidemiology &Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Dao-Jun Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Chongming Branch, Shanghai 202150, China
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438
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Moreau P, Masszi T, Grzasko N, Bahlis NJ, Hansson M, Pour L, Sandhu I, Ganly P, Baker BW, Jackson SR, Stoppa AM, Simpson DR, Gimsing P, Palumbo A, Garderet L, Cavo M, Kumar S, Touzeau C, Buadi FK, Laubach JP, Berg DT, Lin J, Di Bacco A, Hui AM, van de Velde H, Richardson PG. Oral Ixazomib, Lenalidomide, and Dexamethasone for Multiple Myeloma. N Engl J Med 2016; 374:1621-34. [PMID: 27119237 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1516282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 750] [Impact Index Per Article: 93.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ixazomib is an oral proteasome inhibitor that is currently being studied for the treatment of multiple myeloma. METHODS In this double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial, we randomly assigned 722 patients who had relapsed, refractory, or relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma to receive ixazomib plus lenalidomide-dexamethasone (ixazomib group) or placebo plus lenalidomide-dexamethasone (placebo group). The primary end point was progression-free survival. RESULTS Progression-free survival was significantly longer in the ixazomib group than in the placebo group at a median follow-up of 14.7 months (median progression-free survival, 20.6 months vs. 14.7 months; hazard ratio for disease progression or death in the ixazomib group, 0.74; P=0.01); a benefit with respect to progression-free survival was observed with the ixazomib regimen, as compared with the placebo regimen, in all prespecified patient subgroups, including in patients with high-risk cytogenetic abnormalities. The overall rates of response were 78% in the ixazomib group and 72% in the placebo group, and the corresponding rates of complete response plus very good partial response were 48% and 39%. The median time to response was 1.1 months in the ixazomib group and 1.9 months in the placebo group, and the corresponding median duration of response was 20.5 months and 15.0 months. At a median follow-up of approximately 23 months, the median overall survival has not been reached in either study group, and follow-up is ongoing. The rates of serious adverse events were similar in the two study groups (47% in the ixazomib group and 49% in the placebo group), as were the rates of death during the study period (4% and 6%, respectively); adverse events of at least grade 3 severity occurred in 74% and 69% of the patients, respectively. Thrombocytopenia of grade 3 and grade 4 severity occurred more frequently in the ixazomib group (12% and 7% of the patients, respectively) than in the placebo group (5% and 4% of the patients, respectively). Rash occurred more frequently in the ixazomib group than in the placebo group (36% vs. 23% of the patients), as did gastrointestinal adverse events, which were predominantly low grade. The incidence of peripheral neuropathy was 27% in the ixazomib group and 22% in the placebo group (grade 3 events occurred in 2% of the patients in each study group). Patient-reported quality of life was similar in the two study groups. CONCLUSIONS The addition of ixazomib to a regimen of lenalidomide and dexamethasone was associated with significantly longer progression-free survival; the additional toxic effects with this all-oral regimen were limited. (Funded by Millennium Pharmaceuticals; TOURMALINE-MM1 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01564537.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Moreau
- From University Hospital Hôtel Dieu, Nantes (P.M., C.T.), the Department of Hematology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille (A.-M.S.), and the Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Hospital Saint Antoine, Paris (L.G.) - all in France; the Department of Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. István and St. László Hospital, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); the Department of Haemato-oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Lublin, and St. John's Cancer Center, Lublin, Poland (N.G.); Southern Alberta Cancer Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary (N.J.B.), and the Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton (I.S.) - both in Canada; the Department of Hematology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (M.H.); Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic (L.P.); the Department of Haematology, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch (P. Ganly), the Department of Haematology, Palmerston North Hospital, Palmerston North, Manawatu (B.W.B.), the Department of Haematology, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland (S.R.J.), and the Department of Haematology, North Shore Hospital, Auckland (D.R.S.) - all in New Zealand; the Department of Hematology, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (P. Gimsing); Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin (A.P.), and Seràgnoli Institute of Haematology, Bologna University School of Medicine, St. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna (M.C.) - both in Italy; the Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (S.K., F.K.B.); and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (J.P.L., P.G.R.), and Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge (D.T.B., J.L., A.D.B., A.-M.H., H.V.) - both in Massachusetts
| | - Tamás Masszi
- From University Hospital Hôtel Dieu, Nantes (P.M., C.T.), the Department of Hematology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille (A.-M.S.), and the Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Hospital Saint Antoine, Paris (L.G.) - all in France; the Department of Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. István and St. László Hospital, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); the Department of Haemato-oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Lublin, and St. John's Cancer Center, Lublin, Poland (N.G.); Southern Alberta Cancer Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary (N.J.B.), and the Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton (I.S.) - both in Canada; the Department of Hematology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (M.H.); Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic (L.P.); the Department of Haematology, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch (P. Ganly), the Department of Haematology, Palmerston North Hospital, Palmerston North, Manawatu (B.W.B.), the Department of Haematology, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland (S.R.J.), and the Department of Haematology, North Shore Hospital, Auckland (D.R.S.) - all in New Zealand; the Department of Hematology, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (P. Gimsing); Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin (A.P.), and Seràgnoli Institute of Haematology, Bologna University School of Medicine, St. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna (M.C.) - both in Italy; the Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (S.K., F.K.B.); and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (J.P.L., P.G.R.), and Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge (D.T.B., J.L., A.D.B., A.-M.H., H.V.) - both in Massachusetts
| | - Norbert Grzasko
- From University Hospital Hôtel Dieu, Nantes (P.M., C.T.), the Department of Hematology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille (A.-M.S.), and the Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Hospital Saint Antoine, Paris (L.G.) - all in France; the Department of Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. István and St. László Hospital, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); the Department of Haemato-oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Lublin, and St. John's Cancer Center, Lublin, Poland (N.G.); Southern Alberta Cancer Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary (N.J.B.), and the Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton (I.S.) - both in Canada; the Department of Hematology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (M.H.); Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic (L.P.); the Department of Haematology, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch (P. Ganly), the Department of Haematology, Palmerston North Hospital, Palmerston North, Manawatu (B.W.B.), the Department of Haematology, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland (S.R.J.), and the Department of Haematology, North Shore Hospital, Auckland (D.R.S.) - all in New Zealand; the Department of Hematology, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (P. Gimsing); Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin (A.P.), and Seràgnoli Institute of Haematology, Bologna University School of Medicine, St. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna (M.C.) - both in Italy; the Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (S.K., F.K.B.); and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (J.P.L., P.G.R.), and Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge (D.T.B., J.L., A.D.B., A.-M.H., H.V.) - both in Massachusetts
| | - Nizar J Bahlis
- From University Hospital Hôtel Dieu, Nantes (P.M., C.T.), the Department of Hematology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille (A.-M.S.), and the Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Hospital Saint Antoine, Paris (L.G.) - all in France; the Department of Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. István and St. László Hospital, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); the Department of Haemato-oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Lublin, and St. John's Cancer Center, Lublin, Poland (N.G.); Southern Alberta Cancer Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary (N.J.B.), and the Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton (I.S.) - both in Canada; the Department of Hematology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (M.H.); Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic (L.P.); the Department of Haematology, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch (P. Ganly), the Department of Haematology, Palmerston North Hospital, Palmerston North, Manawatu (B.W.B.), the Department of Haematology, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland (S.R.J.), and the Department of Haematology, North Shore Hospital, Auckland (D.R.S.) - all in New Zealand; the Department of Hematology, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (P. Gimsing); Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin (A.P.), and Seràgnoli Institute of Haematology, Bologna University School of Medicine, St. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna (M.C.) - both in Italy; the Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (S.K., F.K.B.); and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (J.P.L., P.G.R.), and Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge (D.T.B., J.L., A.D.B., A.-M.H., H.V.) - both in Massachusetts
| | - Markus Hansson
- From University Hospital Hôtel Dieu, Nantes (P.M., C.T.), the Department of Hematology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille (A.-M.S.), and the Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Hospital Saint Antoine, Paris (L.G.) - all in France; the Department of Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. István and St. László Hospital, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); the Department of Haemato-oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Lublin, and St. John's Cancer Center, Lublin, Poland (N.G.); Southern Alberta Cancer Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary (N.J.B.), and the Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton (I.S.) - both in Canada; the Department of Hematology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (M.H.); Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic (L.P.); the Department of Haematology, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch (P. Ganly), the Department of Haematology, Palmerston North Hospital, Palmerston North, Manawatu (B.W.B.), the Department of Haematology, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland (S.R.J.), and the Department of Haematology, North Shore Hospital, Auckland (D.R.S.) - all in New Zealand; the Department of Hematology, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (P. Gimsing); Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin (A.P.), and Seràgnoli Institute of Haematology, Bologna University School of Medicine, St. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna (M.C.) - both in Italy; the Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (S.K., F.K.B.); and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (J.P.L., P.G.R.), and Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge (D.T.B., J.L., A.D.B., A.-M.H., H.V.) - both in Massachusetts
| | - Ludek Pour
- From University Hospital Hôtel Dieu, Nantes (P.M., C.T.), the Department of Hematology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille (A.-M.S.), and the Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Hospital Saint Antoine, Paris (L.G.) - all in France; the Department of Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. István and St. László Hospital, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); the Department of Haemato-oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Lublin, and St. John's Cancer Center, Lublin, Poland (N.G.); Southern Alberta Cancer Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary (N.J.B.), and the Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton (I.S.) - both in Canada; the Department of Hematology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (M.H.); Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic (L.P.); the Department of Haematology, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch (P. Ganly), the Department of Haematology, Palmerston North Hospital, Palmerston North, Manawatu (B.W.B.), the Department of Haematology, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland (S.R.J.), and the Department of Haematology, North Shore Hospital, Auckland (D.R.S.) - all in New Zealand; the Department of Hematology, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (P. Gimsing); Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin (A.P.), and Seràgnoli Institute of Haematology, Bologna University School of Medicine, St. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna (M.C.) - both in Italy; the Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (S.K., F.K.B.); and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (J.P.L., P.G.R.), and Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge (D.T.B., J.L., A.D.B., A.-M.H., H.V.) - both in Massachusetts
| | - Irwindeep Sandhu
- From University Hospital Hôtel Dieu, Nantes (P.M., C.T.), the Department of Hematology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille (A.-M.S.), and the Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Hospital Saint Antoine, Paris (L.G.) - all in France; the Department of Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. István and St. László Hospital, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); the Department of Haemato-oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Lublin, and St. John's Cancer Center, Lublin, Poland (N.G.); Southern Alberta Cancer Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary (N.J.B.), and the Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton (I.S.) - both in Canada; the Department of Hematology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (M.H.); Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic (L.P.); the Department of Haematology, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch (P. Ganly), the Department of Haematology, Palmerston North Hospital, Palmerston North, Manawatu (B.W.B.), the Department of Haematology, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland (S.R.J.), and the Department of Haematology, North Shore Hospital, Auckland (D.R.S.) - all in New Zealand; the Department of Hematology, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (P. Gimsing); Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin (A.P.), and Seràgnoli Institute of Haematology, Bologna University School of Medicine, St. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna (M.C.) - both in Italy; the Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (S.K., F.K.B.); and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (J.P.L., P.G.R.), and Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge (D.T.B., J.L., A.D.B., A.-M.H., H.V.) - both in Massachusetts
| | - Peter Ganly
- From University Hospital Hôtel Dieu, Nantes (P.M., C.T.), the Department of Hematology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille (A.-M.S.), and the Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Hospital Saint Antoine, Paris (L.G.) - all in France; the Department of Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. István and St. László Hospital, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); the Department of Haemato-oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Lublin, and St. John's Cancer Center, Lublin, Poland (N.G.); Southern Alberta Cancer Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary (N.J.B.), and the Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton (I.S.) - both in Canada; the Department of Hematology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (M.H.); Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic (L.P.); the Department of Haematology, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch (P. Ganly), the Department of Haematology, Palmerston North Hospital, Palmerston North, Manawatu (B.W.B.), the Department of Haematology, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland (S.R.J.), and the Department of Haematology, North Shore Hospital, Auckland (D.R.S.) - all in New Zealand; the Department of Hematology, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (P. Gimsing); Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin (A.P.), and Seràgnoli Institute of Haematology, Bologna University School of Medicine, St. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna (M.C.) - both in Italy; the Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (S.K., F.K.B.); and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (J.P.L., P.G.R.), and Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge (D.T.B., J.L., A.D.B., A.-M.H., H.V.) - both in Massachusetts
| | - Bartrum W Baker
- From University Hospital Hôtel Dieu, Nantes (P.M., C.T.), the Department of Hematology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille (A.-M.S.), and the Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Hospital Saint Antoine, Paris (L.G.) - all in France; the Department of Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. István and St. László Hospital, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); the Department of Haemato-oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Lublin, and St. John's Cancer Center, Lublin, Poland (N.G.); Southern Alberta Cancer Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary (N.J.B.), and the Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton (I.S.) - both in Canada; the Department of Hematology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (M.H.); Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic (L.P.); the Department of Haematology, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch (P. Ganly), the Department of Haematology, Palmerston North Hospital, Palmerston North, Manawatu (B.W.B.), the Department of Haematology, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland (S.R.J.), and the Department of Haematology, North Shore Hospital, Auckland (D.R.S.) - all in New Zealand; the Department of Hematology, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (P. Gimsing); Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin (A.P.), and Seràgnoli Institute of Haematology, Bologna University School of Medicine, St. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna (M.C.) - both in Italy; the Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (S.K., F.K.B.); and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (J.P.L., P.G.R.), and Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge (D.T.B., J.L., A.D.B., A.-M.H., H.V.) - both in Massachusetts
| | - Sharon R Jackson
- From University Hospital Hôtel Dieu, Nantes (P.M., C.T.), the Department of Hematology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille (A.-M.S.), and the Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Hospital Saint Antoine, Paris (L.G.) - all in France; the Department of Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. István and St. László Hospital, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); the Department of Haemato-oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Lublin, and St. John's Cancer Center, Lublin, Poland (N.G.); Southern Alberta Cancer Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary (N.J.B.), and the Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton (I.S.) - both in Canada; the Department of Hematology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (M.H.); Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic (L.P.); the Department of Haematology, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch (P. Ganly), the Department of Haematology, Palmerston North Hospital, Palmerston North, Manawatu (B.W.B.), the Department of Haematology, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland (S.R.J.), and the Department of Haematology, North Shore Hospital, Auckland (D.R.S.) - all in New Zealand; the Department of Hematology, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (P. Gimsing); Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin (A.P.), and Seràgnoli Institute of Haematology, Bologna University School of Medicine, St. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna (M.C.) - both in Italy; the Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (S.K., F.K.B.); and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (J.P.L., P.G.R.), and Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge (D.T.B., J.L., A.D.B., A.-M.H., H.V.) - both in Massachusetts
| | - Anne-Marie Stoppa
- From University Hospital Hôtel Dieu, Nantes (P.M., C.T.), the Department of Hematology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille (A.-M.S.), and the Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Hospital Saint Antoine, Paris (L.G.) - all in France; the Department of Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. István and St. László Hospital, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); the Department of Haemato-oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Lublin, and St. John's Cancer Center, Lublin, Poland (N.G.); Southern Alberta Cancer Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary (N.J.B.), and the Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton (I.S.) - both in Canada; the Department of Hematology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (M.H.); Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic (L.P.); the Department of Haematology, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch (P. Ganly), the Department of Haematology, Palmerston North Hospital, Palmerston North, Manawatu (B.W.B.), the Department of Haematology, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland (S.R.J.), and the Department of Haematology, North Shore Hospital, Auckland (D.R.S.) - all in New Zealand; the Department of Hematology, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (P. Gimsing); Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin (A.P.), and Seràgnoli Institute of Haematology, Bologna University School of Medicine, St. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna (M.C.) - both in Italy; the Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (S.K., F.K.B.); and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (J.P.L., P.G.R.), and Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge (D.T.B., J.L., A.D.B., A.-M.H., H.V.) - both in Massachusetts
| | - David R Simpson
- From University Hospital Hôtel Dieu, Nantes (P.M., C.T.), the Department of Hematology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille (A.-M.S.), and the Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Hospital Saint Antoine, Paris (L.G.) - all in France; the Department of Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. István and St. László Hospital, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); the Department of Haemato-oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Lublin, and St. John's Cancer Center, Lublin, Poland (N.G.); Southern Alberta Cancer Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary (N.J.B.), and the Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton (I.S.) - both in Canada; the Department of Hematology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (M.H.); Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic (L.P.); the Department of Haematology, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch (P. Ganly), the Department of Haematology, Palmerston North Hospital, Palmerston North, Manawatu (B.W.B.), the Department of Haematology, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland (S.R.J.), and the Department of Haematology, North Shore Hospital, Auckland (D.R.S.) - all in New Zealand; the Department of Hematology, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (P. Gimsing); Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin (A.P.), and Seràgnoli Institute of Haematology, Bologna University School of Medicine, St. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna (M.C.) - both in Italy; the Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (S.K., F.K.B.); and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (J.P.L., P.G.R.), and Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge (D.T.B., J.L., A.D.B., A.-M.H., H.V.) - both in Massachusetts
| | - Peter Gimsing
- From University Hospital Hôtel Dieu, Nantes (P.M., C.T.), the Department of Hematology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille (A.-M.S.), and the Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Hospital Saint Antoine, Paris (L.G.) - all in France; the Department of Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. István and St. László Hospital, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); the Department of Haemato-oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Lublin, and St. John's Cancer Center, Lublin, Poland (N.G.); Southern Alberta Cancer Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary (N.J.B.), and the Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton (I.S.) - both in Canada; the Department of Hematology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (M.H.); Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic (L.P.); the Department of Haematology, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch (P. Ganly), the Department of Haematology, Palmerston North Hospital, Palmerston North, Manawatu (B.W.B.), the Department of Haematology, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland (S.R.J.), and the Department of Haematology, North Shore Hospital, Auckland (D.R.S.) - all in New Zealand; the Department of Hematology, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (P. Gimsing); Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin (A.P.), and Seràgnoli Institute of Haematology, Bologna University School of Medicine, St. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna (M.C.) - both in Italy; the Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (S.K., F.K.B.); and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (J.P.L., P.G.R.), and Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge (D.T.B., J.L., A.D.B., A.-M.H., H.V.) - both in Massachusetts
| | - Antonio Palumbo
- From University Hospital Hôtel Dieu, Nantes (P.M., C.T.), the Department of Hematology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille (A.-M.S.), and the Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Hospital Saint Antoine, Paris (L.G.) - all in France; the Department of Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. István and St. László Hospital, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); the Department of Haemato-oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Lublin, and St. John's Cancer Center, Lublin, Poland (N.G.); Southern Alberta Cancer Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary (N.J.B.), and the Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton (I.S.) - both in Canada; the Department of Hematology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (M.H.); Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic (L.P.); the Department of Haematology, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch (P. Ganly), the Department of Haematology, Palmerston North Hospital, Palmerston North, Manawatu (B.W.B.), the Department of Haematology, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland (S.R.J.), and the Department of Haematology, North Shore Hospital, Auckland (D.R.S.) - all in New Zealand; the Department of Hematology, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (P. Gimsing); Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin (A.P.), and Seràgnoli Institute of Haematology, Bologna University School of Medicine, St. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna (M.C.) - both in Italy; the Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (S.K., F.K.B.); and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (J.P.L., P.G.R.), and Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge (D.T.B., J.L., A.D.B., A.-M.H., H.V.) - both in Massachusetts
| | - Laurent Garderet
- From University Hospital Hôtel Dieu, Nantes (P.M., C.T.), the Department of Hematology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille (A.-M.S.), and the Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Hospital Saint Antoine, Paris (L.G.) - all in France; the Department of Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. István and St. László Hospital, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); the Department of Haemato-oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Lublin, and St. John's Cancer Center, Lublin, Poland (N.G.); Southern Alberta Cancer Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary (N.J.B.), and the Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton (I.S.) - both in Canada; the Department of Hematology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (M.H.); Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic (L.P.); the Department of Haematology, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch (P. Ganly), the Department of Haematology, Palmerston North Hospital, Palmerston North, Manawatu (B.W.B.), the Department of Haematology, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland (S.R.J.), and the Department of Haematology, North Shore Hospital, Auckland (D.R.S.) - all in New Zealand; the Department of Hematology, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (P. Gimsing); Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin (A.P.), and Seràgnoli Institute of Haematology, Bologna University School of Medicine, St. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna (M.C.) - both in Italy; the Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (S.K., F.K.B.); and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (J.P.L., P.G.R.), and Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge (D.T.B., J.L., A.D.B., A.-M.H., H.V.) - both in Massachusetts
| | - Michele Cavo
- From University Hospital Hôtel Dieu, Nantes (P.M., C.T.), the Department of Hematology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille (A.-M.S.), and the Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Hospital Saint Antoine, Paris (L.G.) - all in France; the Department of Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. István and St. László Hospital, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); the Department of Haemato-oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Lublin, and St. John's Cancer Center, Lublin, Poland (N.G.); Southern Alberta Cancer Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary (N.J.B.), and the Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton (I.S.) - both in Canada; the Department of Hematology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (M.H.); Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic (L.P.); the Department of Haematology, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch (P. Ganly), the Department of Haematology, Palmerston North Hospital, Palmerston North, Manawatu (B.W.B.), the Department of Haematology, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland (S.R.J.), and the Department of Haematology, North Shore Hospital, Auckland (D.R.S.) - all in New Zealand; the Department of Hematology, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (P. Gimsing); Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin (A.P.), and Seràgnoli Institute of Haematology, Bologna University School of Medicine, St. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna (M.C.) - both in Italy; the Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (S.K., F.K.B.); and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (J.P.L., P.G.R.), and Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge (D.T.B., J.L., A.D.B., A.-M.H., H.V.) - both in Massachusetts
| | - Shaji Kumar
- From University Hospital Hôtel Dieu, Nantes (P.M., C.T.), the Department of Hematology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille (A.-M.S.), and the Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Hospital Saint Antoine, Paris (L.G.) - all in France; the Department of Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. István and St. László Hospital, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); the Department of Haemato-oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Lublin, and St. John's Cancer Center, Lublin, Poland (N.G.); Southern Alberta Cancer Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary (N.J.B.), and the Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton (I.S.) - both in Canada; the Department of Hematology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (M.H.); Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic (L.P.); the Department of Haematology, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch (P. Ganly), the Department of Haematology, Palmerston North Hospital, Palmerston North, Manawatu (B.W.B.), the Department of Haematology, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland (S.R.J.), and the Department of Haematology, North Shore Hospital, Auckland (D.R.S.) - all in New Zealand; the Department of Hematology, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (P. Gimsing); Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin (A.P.), and Seràgnoli Institute of Haematology, Bologna University School of Medicine, St. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna (M.C.) - both in Italy; the Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (S.K., F.K.B.); and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (J.P.L., P.G.R.), and Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge (D.T.B., J.L., A.D.B., A.-M.H., H.V.) - both in Massachusetts
| | - Cyrille Touzeau
- From University Hospital Hôtel Dieu, Nantes (P.M., C.T.), the Department of Hematology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille (A.-M.S.), and the Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Hospital Saint Antoine, Paris (L.G.) - all in France; the Department of Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. István and St. László Hospital, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); the Department of Haemato-oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Lublin, and St. John's Cancer Center, Lublin, Poland (N.G.); Southern Alberta Cancer Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary (N.J.B.), and the Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton (I.S.) - both in Canada; the Department of Hematology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (M.H.); Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic (L.P.); the Department of Haematology, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch (P. Ganly), the Department of Haematology, Palmerston North Hospital, Palmerston North, Manawatu (B.W.B.), the Department of Haematology, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland (S.R.J.), and the Department of Haematology, North Shore Hospital, Auckland (D.R.S.) - all in New Zealand; the Department of Hematology, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (P. Gimsing); Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin (A.P.), and Seràgnoli Institute of Haematology, Bologna University School of Medicine, St. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna (M.C.) - both in Italy; the Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (S.K., F.K.B.); and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (J.P.L., P.G.R.), and Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge (D.T.B., J.L., A.D.B., A.-M.H., H.V.) - both in Massachusetts
| | - Francis K Buadi
- From University Hospital Hôtel Dieu, Nantes (P.M., C.T.), the Department of Hematology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille (A.-M.S.), and the Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Hospital Saint Antoine, Paris (L.G.) - all in France; the Department of Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. István and St. László Hospital, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); the Department of Haemato-oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Lublin, and St. John's Cancer Center, Lublin, Poland (N.G.); Southern Alberta Cancer Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary (N.J.B.), and the Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton (I.S.) - both in Canada; the Department of Hematology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (M.H.); Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic (L.P.); the Department of Haematology, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch (P. Ganly), the Department of Haematology, Palmerston North Hospital, Palmerston North, Manawatu (B.W.B.), the Department of Haematology, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland (S.R.J.), and the Department of Haematology, North Shore Hospital, Auckland (D.R.S.) - all in New Zealand; the Department of Hematology, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (P. Gimsing); Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin (A.P.), and Seràgnoli Institute of Haematology, Bologna University School of Medicine, St. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna (M.C.) - both in Italy; the Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (S.K., F.K.B.); and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (J.P.L., P.G.R.), and Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge (D.T.B., J.L., A.D.B., A.-M.H., H.V.) - both in Massachusetts
| | - Jacob P Laubach
- From University Hospital Hôtel Dieu, Nantes (P.M., C.T.), the Department of Hematology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille (A.-M.S.), and the Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Hospital Saint Antoine, Paris (L.G.) - all in France; the Department of Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. István and St. László Hospital, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); the Department of Haemato-oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Lublin, and St. John's Cancer Center, Lublin, Poland (N.G.); Southern Alberta Cancer Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary (N.J.B.), and the Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton (I.S.) - both in Canada; the Department of Hematology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (M.H.); Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic (L.P.); the Department of Haematology, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch (P. Ganly), the Department of Haematology, Palmerston North Hospital, Palmerston North, Manawatu (B.W.B.), the Department of Haematology, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland (S.R.J.), and the Department of Haematology, North Shore Hospital, Auckland (D.R.S.) - all in New Zealand; the Department of Hematology, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (P. Gimsing); Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin (A.P.), and Seràgnoli Institute of Haematology, Bologna University School of Medicine, St. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna (M.C.) - both in Italy; the Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (S.K., F.K.B.); and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (J.P.L., P.G.R.), and Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge (D.T.B., J.L., A.D.B., A.-M.H., H.V.) - both in Massachusetts
| | - Deborah T Berg
- From University Hospital Hôtel Dieu, Nantes (P.M., C.T.), the Department of Hematology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille (A.-M.S.), and the Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Hospital Saint Antoine, Paris (L.G.) - all in France; the Department of Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. István and St. László Hospital, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); the Department of Haemato-oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Lublin, and St. John's Cancer Center, Lublin, Poland (N.G.); Southern Alberta Cancer Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary (N.J.B.), and the Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton (I.S.) - both in Canada; the Department of Hematology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (M.H.); Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic (L.P.); the Department of Haematology, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch (P. Ganly), the Department of Haematology, Palmerston North Hospital, Palmerston North, Manawatu (B.W.B.), the Department of Haematology, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland (S.R.J.), and the Department of Haematology, North Shore Hospital, Auckland (D.R.S.) - all in New Zealand; the Department of Hematology, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (P. Gimsing); Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin (A.P.), and Seràgnoli Institute of Haematology, Bologna University School of Medicine, St. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna (M.C.) - both in Italy; the Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (S.K., F.K.B.); and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (J.P.L., P.G.R.), and Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge (D.T.B., J.L., A.D.B., A.-M.H., H.V.) - both in Massachusetts
| | - Jianchang Lin
- From University Hospital Hôtel Dieu, Nantes (P.M., C.T.), the Department of Hematology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille (A.-M.S.), and the Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Hospital Saint Antoine, Paris (L.G.) - all in France; the Department of Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. István and St. László Hospital, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); the Department of Haemato-oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Lublin, and St. John's Cancer Center, Lublin, Poland (N.G.); Southern Alberta Cancer Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary (N.J.B.), and the Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton (I.S.) - both in Canada; the Department of Hematology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (M.H.); Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic (L.P.); the Department of Haematology, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch (P. Ganly), the Department of Haematology, Palmerston North Hospital, Palmerston North, Manawatu (B.W.B.), the Department of Haematology, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland (S.R.J.), and the Department of Haematology, North Shore Hospital, Auckland (D.R.S.) - all in New Zealand; the Department of Hematology, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (P. Gimsing); Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin (A.P.), and Seràgnoli Institute of Haematology, Bologna University School of Medicine, St. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna (M.C.) - both in Italy; the Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (S.K., F.K.B.); and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (J.P.L., P.G.R.), and Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge (D.T.B., J.L., A.D.B., A.-M.H., H.V.) - both in Massachusetts
| | - Alessandra Di Bacco
- From University Hospital Hôtel Dieu, Nantes (P.M., C.T.), the Department of Hematology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille (A.-M.S.), and the Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Hospital Saint Antoine, Paris (L.G.) - all in France; the Department of Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. István and St. László Hospital, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); the Department of Haemato-oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Lublin, and St. John's Cancer Center, Lublin, Poland (N.G.); Southern Alberta Cancer Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary (N.J.B.), and the Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton (I.S.) - both in Canada; the Department of Hematology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (M.H.); Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic (L.P.); the Department of Haematology, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch (P. Ganly), the Department of Haematology, Palmerston North Hospital, Palmerston North, Manawatu (B.W.B.), the Department of Haematology, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland (S.R.J.), and the Department of Haematology, North Shore Hospital, Auckland (D.R.S.) - all in New Zealand; the Department of Hematology, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (P. Gimsing); Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin (A.P.), and Seràgnoli Institute of Haematology, Bologna University School of Medicine, St. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna (M.C.) - both in Italy; the Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (S.K., F.K.B.); and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (J.P.L., P.G.R.), and Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge (D.T.B., J.L., A.D.B., A.-M.H., H.V.) - both in Massachusetts
| | - Ai-Min Hui
- From University Hospital Hôtel Dieu, Nantes (P.M., C.T.), the Department of Hematology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille (A.-M.S.), and the Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Hospital Saint Antoine, Paris (L.G.) - all in France; the Department of Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. István and St. László Hospital, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); the Department of Haemato-oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Lublin, and St. John's Cancer Center, Lublin, Poland (N.G.); Southern Alberta Cancer Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary (N.J.B.), and the Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton (I.S.) - both in Canada; the Department of Hematology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (M.H.); Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic (L.P.); the Department of Haematology, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch (P. Ganly), the Department of Haematology, Palmerston North Hospital, Palmerston North, Manawatu (B.W.B.), the Department of Haematology, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland (S.R.J.), and the Department of Haematology, North Shore Hospital, Auckland (D.R.S.) - all in New Zealand; the Department of Hematology, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (P. Gimsing); Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin (A.P.), and Seràgnoli Institute of Haematology, Bologna University School of Medicine, St. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna (M.C.) - both in Italy; the Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (S.K., F.K.B.); and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (J.P.L., P.G.R.), and Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge (D.T.B., J.L., A.D.B., A.-M.H., H.V.) - both in Massachusetts
| | - Helgi van de Velde
- From University Hospital Hôtel Dieu, Nantes (P.M., C.T.), the Department of Hematology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille (A.-M.S.), and the Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Hospital Saint Antoine, Paris (L.G.) - all in France; the Department of Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. István and St. László Hospital, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); the Department of Haemato-oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Lublin, and St. John's Cancer Center, Lublin, Poland (N.G.); Southern Alberta Cancer Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary (N.J.B.), and the Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton (I.S.) - both in Canada; the Department of Hematology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (M.H.); Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic (L.P.); the Department of Haematology, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch (P. Ganly), the Department of Haematology, Palmerston North Hospital, Palmerston North, Manawatu (B.W.B.), the Department of Haematology, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland (S.R.J.), and the Department of Haematology, North Shore Hospital, Auckland (D.R.S.) - all in New Zealand; the Department of Hematology, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (P. Gimsing); Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin (A.P.), and Seràgnoli Institute of Haematology, Bologna University School of Medicine, St. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna (M.C.) - both in Italy; the Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (S.K., F.K.B.); and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (J.P.L., P.G.R.), and Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge (D.T.B., J.L., A.D.B., A.-M.H., H.V.) - both in Massachusetts
| | - Paul G Richardson
- From University Hospital Hôtel Dieu, Nantes (P.M., C.T.), the Department of Hematology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille (A.-M.S.), and the Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Hospital Saint Antoine, Paris (L.G.) - all in France; the Department of Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, St. István and St. László Hospital, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (T.M.); the Department of Haemato-oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Lublin, and St. John's Cancer Center, Lublin, Poland (N.G.); Southern Alberta Cancer Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary (N.J.B.), and the Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton (I.S.) - both in Canada; the Department of Hematology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (M.H.); Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic (L.P.); the Department of Haematology, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch (P. Ganly), the Department of Haematology, Palmerston North Hospital, Palmerston North, Manawatu (B.W.B.), the Department of Haematology, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland (S.R.J.), and the Department of Haematology, North Shore Hospital, Auckland (D.R.S.) - all in New Zealand; the Department of Hematology, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (P. Gimsing); Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin, Turin (A.P.), and Seràgnoli Institute of Haematology, Bologna University School of Medicine, St. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna (M.C.) - both in Italy; the Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (S.K., F.K.B.); and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (J.P.L., P.G.R.), and Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge (D.T.B., J.L., A.D.B., A.-M.H., H.V.) - both in Massachusetts
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Martino M, Tripepi G, Messina G, Vincelli ID, Console G, Recchia AG, Gentile M, Molica S, Morabito F. A phase II, single-arm, prospective study of bendamustine plus melphalan conditioning for second autologous stem cell transplantation in de novo multiple myeloma patients through a tandem transplant strategy. Bone Marrow Transplant 2016; 51:1197-203. [DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2016.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2015] [Revised: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Lonial S, Weiss BM, Usmani SZ, Singhal S, Chari A, Bahlis NJ, Belch A, Krishnan A, Vescio RA, Mateos MV, Mazumder A, Orlowski RZ, Sutherland HJ, Bladé J, Scott EC, Oriol A, Berdeja J, Gharibo M, Stevens DA, LeBlanc R, Sebag M, Callander N, Jakubowiak A, White D, de la Rubia J, Richardson PG, Lisby S, Feng H, Uhlar CM, Khan I, Ahmadi T, Voorhees PM. Daratumumab monotherapy in patients with treatment-refractory multiple myeloma (SIRIUS): an open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial. Lancet 2016; 387:1551-1560. [PMID: 26778538 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(15)01120-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 646] [Impact Index Per Article: 80.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND New treatment options are needed for patients with multiple myeloma that is refractory to proteasome inhibitors and immunomodulatory drugs. We assessed daratumumab, a novel CD38-targeted monoclonal antibody, in patients with refractory multiple myeloma. METHODS In this open-label, multicentre, phase 2 trial done in Canada, Spain, and the USA, patients (age ≥18 years) with multiple myeloma who were previously treated with at least three lines of therapy (including proteasome inhibitors and immunomodulatory drugs), or were refractory to both proteasome inhibitors and immunomodulatory drugs, were randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to receive intravenous daratumumab 8 mg/kg or 16 mg/kg in part 1 stage 1 of the study, to decide the dose for further assessment in part 2. Patients received 8 mg/kg every 4 weeks, or 16 mg/kg per week for 8 weeks (cycles 1 and 2), then every 2 weeks for 16 weeks (cycles 3-6), and then every 4 weeks thereafter (cycle 7 and higher). The allocation schedule was computer-generated and randomisation, with permuted blocks, was done centrally with an interactive web response system. In part 1 stage 2 and part 2, patients received 16 mg/kg dosed as in part 1 stage 1. The primary endpoint was overall response rate (partial response [PR] + very good PR + complete response [CR] + stringent CR). All patients who received at least one dose of daratumumab were included in the analysis. The trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01985126. FINDINGS The study is ongoing. In part 1 stage 1 of the study, 18 patients were randomly allocated to the 8 mg/kg group and 16 to the 16 mg/kg group. Findings are reported for the 106 patients who received daratumumab 16 mg/kg in parts 1 and 2. Patients received a median of five previous lines of therapy (range 2-14). 85 (80%) patients had previously received autologous stem cell transplantation, 101 (95%) were refractory to the most recent proteasome inhibitors and immunomodulatory drugs used, and 103 (97%) were refractory to the last line of therapy. Overall responses were noted in 31 patients (29.2%, 95% CI 20.8-38.9)-three (2.8%, 0.6-8.0) had a stringent CR, ten (9.4%, 4.6-16.7) had a very good PR, and 18 (17.0%, 10.4-25.5) had a PR. The median time to first response was 1.0 month (range 0.9-5.6). Median duration of response was 7.4 months (95% CI 5.5-not estimable) and progression-free survival was 3.7 months (95% CI 2.8-4.6). The 12-month overall survival was 64.8% (95% CI 51.2-75.5) and, at a subsequent cutoff, median overall survival was 17.5 months (95% CI 13.7-not estimable). Daratumumab was well tolerated; fatigue (42 [40%] patients) and anaemia (35 [33%]) of any grade were the most common adverse events. No drug-related adverse events led to treatment discontinuation. INTERPRETATION Daratumumab monotherapy showed encouraging efficacy in heavily pretreated and refractory patients with multiple myeloma, with a favourable safety profile in this population of patients. FUNDING Janssen Research & Development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar Lonial
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Brendan M Weiss
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Saad Z Usmani
- Levine Cancer Institute/Carolinas Healthcare System, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Seema Singhal
- Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ajai Chari
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nizar J Bahlis
- Tom Baker Cancer Center, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Amrita Krishnan
- The Judy and Bernard Briskin Myeloma Center, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Robert A Vescio
- Cedars-Sinai Outpatient Cancer Center at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Maria Victoria Mateos
- University Hospital of Salamanca/Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Amitabha Mazumder
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert Z Orlowski
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Heather J Sutherland
- Leukemia/Bone Marrow Transplant Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Joan Bladé
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emma C Scott
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Albert Oriol
- Institut Català d'Oncologia, Institut Josep Carreras, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Mecide Gharibo
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Darrell White
- Dalhousie University and Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Center, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Javier de la Rubia
- Hospital Dr Peset and Universidad Católica San Vicente Mártir, Valencia, Spain
| | - Paul G Richardson
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Huaibao Feng
- Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ, USA
| | | | - Imran Khan
- Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ, USA
| | | | - Peter M Voorhees
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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441
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Kowalewski DJ, Walz S, Backert L, Schuster H, Kohlbacher O, Weisel K, Rittig SM, Kanz L, Salih HR, Rammensee HG, Stevanović S, Stickel JS. Carfilzomib alters the HLA-presented peptidome of myeloma cells and impairs presentation of peptides with aromatic C-termini. Blood Cancer J 2016; 6:e411. [PMID: 27058226 PMCID: PMC4855252 DOI: 10.1038/bcj.2016.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that multiple myeloma is an immunogenic disease, which might be effectively targeted by antigen-specific T-cell immunotherapy. As standard of care in myeloma includes proteasome inhibitor therapy, it is of great importance to characterize the effects of this treatment on HLA-restricted antigen presentation and implement only robustly presented targets for immunotherapeutic intervention. Here, we present a study that longitudinally and semi-quantitatively maps the effects of the proteasome inhibitor carfilzomib on HLA-restricted antigen presentation. The relative presentation levels of 4780 different HLA ligands were quantified in an in vitro model employing carfilzomib treatment of MM.1S and U266 myeloma cells, which revealed significant modulation of a substantial fraction of the HLA-presented peptidome. Strikingly, we detected selective down-modulation of HLA ligands with aromatic C-terminal anchor amino acids. This particularly manifested as a marked reduction in the presentation of HLA ligands through the HLA allotypes A*23:01 and A*24:02 on MM.1S cells. These findings implicate that carfilzomib mediates a direct, peptide motif-specific inhibitory effect on HLA ligand processing and presentation. As a substantial proportion of HLA allotypes present peptides with aromatic C-termini, our results may have broad implications for the implementation of antigen-specific treatment approaches in patients undergoing carfilzomib treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Kowalewski
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Cell Biology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - S Walz
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Cell Biology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - L Backert
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Cell Biology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Applied Bioinformatics, Department of Computer Science, Center for Bioinformatics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - H Schuster
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Cell Biology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - O Kohlbacher
- Applied Bioinformatics, Department of Computer Science, Center for Bioinformatics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Quantitative Biology Center, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Tübingen, Germany
| | - K Weisel
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - S M Rittig
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - L Kanz
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - H R Salih
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Clinical Cooperation Unit Translational Immunology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), DKFZ Partner Site, Tübingen, Germany
| | - H-G Rammensee
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Cell Biology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), DKFZ Partner Site, Tübingen, Germany
| | - S Stevanović
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Cell Biology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), DKFZ Partner Site, Tübingen, Germany
| | - J S Stickel
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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442
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Gentile M, Martino M, Recchia AG, Vigna E, Morabito L, Morabito F. Sorafenib for the treatment of multiple myeloma. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2016; 25:743-9. [PMID: 26998658 DOI: 10.1517/13543784.2016.1169272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sorafenib is an orally available compound that acts predominantly by targeting the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway and by inhibiting the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Since the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway is implicated in the proliferation of multiple myeloma (MM) cells and VEGF in bone marrow neovascularization, sorafenib is a drug offering the potential for targeting two important pathogenetic mechanisms involved in MM. Thus, sorafenib is being proposed for use in MM. AREAS COVERED In this review, the authors discuss the rationale for the use of sorafenib in MM. They then summarize the clinical development of sorafenib in MM, from initial Phase I to Phase II studies. A systematic literature review of the trials was performed using PubMed. EXPERT OPINION Preliminary data from phase I/II trials showed that sorafenib had a good safety profile but minimal anti-myeloma activity as a single agent in relapsed/refractory patients. Results of phase II trials, evaluating sorafenib combined with new drugs, such as bortezomib and lenalidomide are eagerly awaited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Gentile
- a Hematology Unit , Azienda Ospedaliera di Cosenza , Cosenza , Italy
| | - Massimo Martino
- b Hematology and Stem Cell Transplant Unit , Azienda Ospedaliera BMM di Reggio Calabria , Reggio Calabria , Italy
| | - Anna Grazia Recchia
- c Biotechnology Research Unit , Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale di Cosenza , Aprigliano , Italy
| | - Ernesto Vigna
- c Biotechnology Research Unit , Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale di Cosenza , Aprigliano , Italy
| | - Lucio Morabito
- d Medical Oncology & Hematology Unit , Humanitas Cancer Center, Istituto Clinico Humanitas, IRCCS , Milano , Italy
| | - Fortunato Morabito
- a Hematology Unit , Azienda Ospedaliera di Cosenza , Cosenza , Italy.,c Biotechnology Research Unit , Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale di Cosenza , Aprigliano , Italy
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443
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Valtola J, Silvennoinen R, Ropponen A, Siitonen T, Säily M, Sankelo M, Terävä V, Putkonen M, Kuittinen T, Pelkonen J, Mäntymaa P, Remes K, Varmavuo V, Jantunen E. Blood graft cellular composition and posttransplant outcomes in myeloma patients mobilized with or without low-dose cyclophosphamide: a randomized comparison. Transfusion 2016; 56:1394-401. [PMID: 27041692 DOI: 10.1111/trf.13574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autologous stem cell transplantation is a standard treatment in multiple myeloma (MM). Blood grafts are usually collected after mobilization with granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) alone or in a combination with cyclophosphamide (CY). There is limited knowledge of the possible effects of different mobilization regimens on blood graft characteristics and posttransplant outcomes. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Thirty-eight patients with MM were included in this study. The patients were randomly assigned at registration to mobilization with either low-dose CY plus G-CSF (Arm A) or G-CSF alone (Arm B) and received three cycles of lenalidomide, bortetzomib, and dexamethasone induction. Flow cytometry analysis of lymphocyte subsets in the blood grafts after cryopreservation was performed. Hematologic and immune recovery were evaluated up to 12 months posttransplant. RESULTS The blood grafts in Arm A contained significantly more CD34+ cells but in Arm B there was a greater proportion of CD34+CD38- cells and higher numbers of T and B lymphocytes as well as natural killer (NK) cells. The engraftment was comparable but lymphocyte count at 15 days posttransplant was higher in Arm B (0.8 × 10(9) /L vs. 0.5 × 10(9) /L, p = 0.033). At 3 and 6 months posttransplant the total number of NK cells was also higher in G-CSF-mobilized patients. There was no difference in progression-free survival between the study arms. CONCLUSION CY plus G-GSF yields more CD34+ cells but seems to diminish lymphocyte and NK cell counts in the grafts and hampers immune recovery after transplantation. Thus G-CSF alone might be a preferred mobilization method due to more rapid immune recovery posttransplant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaakko Valtola
- Department of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Raija Silvennoinen
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antti Ropponen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Timo Siitonen
- Department of Medicine, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Marjaana Säily
- Department of Medicine, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Marja Sankelo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Venla Terävä
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Mervi Putkonen
- Department of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Jukka Pelkonen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Laboratory Center of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Kari Remes
- Department of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.,University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Ville Varmavuo
- Department of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Esa Jantunen
- Department of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
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444
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Guillerey C, Nakamura K, Vuckovic S, Hill GR, Smyth MJ. Immune responses in multiple myeloma: role of the natural immune surveillance and potential of immunotherapies. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:1569-89. [PMID: 26801219 PMCID: PMC11108512 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2135-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a tumor of terminally differentiated B cells that arises in the bone marrow. Immune interactions appear as key determinants of MM progression. While myeloid cells foster myeloma-promoting inflammation, Natural Killer cells and T lymphocytes mediate protective anti-myeloma responses. The profound immune deregulation occurring in MM patients may be involved in the transition from a premalignant to a malignant stage of the disease. In the last decades, the advent of stem cell transplantation and new therapeutic agents including proteasome inhibitors and immunoregulatory drugs has dramatically improved patient outcomes, suggesting potentially key roles for innate and adaptive immunity in disease control. Nevertheless, MM remains largely incurable for the vast majority of patients. A better understanding of the complex interplay between myeloma cells and their immune environment should pave the way for designing better immunotherapies with the potential of very long term disease control. Here, we review the immunological microenvironment in myeloma. We discuss the role of naturally arising anti-myeloma immune responses and their potential corruption in MM patients. Finally, we detail the numerous promising immune-targeting strategies approved or in clinical trials for the treatment of MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Guillerey
- Immunology of Cancer and Infection Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia
- School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston Road, Herston, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Kyohei Nakamura
- Immunology of Cancer and Infection Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Slavica Vuckovic
- School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston Road, Herston, QLD, 4072, Australia
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Geoffrey R Hill
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Mark J Smyth
- Immunology of Cancer and Infection Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia.
- School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston Road, Herston, QLD, 4072, Australia.
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445
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Lipchick BC, Fink EE, Nikiforov MA. Oxidative stress and proteasome inhibitors in multiple myeloma. Pharmacol Res 2016; 105:210-5. [PMID: 26827824 PMCID: PMC5044866 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma is a form of plasma cell neoplasm that accounts for approximately 10% of all hematological malignancies. Recently, several novel drugs have been discovered that almost doubled the overall survival of multiple myeloma patients. One of these drugs, the first-in-class proteasome inhibitor bortezomib (Velcade) has demonstrated remarkable response rates in multiple myeloma patients, and yet, currently this disease remains incurable. The major factor undermining the success of multiple myeloma treatment is a rapidly emerging resistance to the available therapy. Thus, the development of stand-alone or adjuvant anti-myeloma agents becomes of paramount importance. Overproduction of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) often accompanies malignant transformation due to oncogene activation and/or enhanced metabolism in tumor cells. As a result, these cells possess higher levels of ROS and lower levels of antioxidant molecules compared to their normal counterparts. Unbalanced production of ROS leads to oxidative stress which, if left unchecked, could be toxic for the cell. In multiple myeloma cells where high rates of immunoglobulin synthesis is an additional factor contributing to overproduction of ROS, further induction of oxidative stress can be an effective strategy to cope with this disease. Here we will review the available data on the role of oxidative stress in the cytotoxicity of proteasome inhibitors and the use of ROS-inducing compounds as anti-myeloma agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany C Lipchick
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
| | - Emily E Fink
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Mikhail A Nikiforov
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
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446
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Caers J, Fernández de Larrea C, Leleu X, Heusschen R, Zojer N, Decaux O, Kastritis E, Minnema M, Jurczyszyn A, Beguin Y, Wäsch R, Palumbo A, Dimopoulos M, Mateos MV, Ludwig H, Engelhardt M. The Changing Landscape of Smoldering Multiple Myeloma: A European Perspective. Oncologist 2016; 21:333-42. [PMID: 26921288 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2015-0303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) is an asymptomatic clonal plasma cell disorder and bridges monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance to multiple myeloma (MM), based on higher levels of circulating monoclonal immunoglobulin and bone marrow plasmocytosis without end-organ damage. Until a Spanish study reported fewer MM-related events and better overall survival among patients with high-risk SMM treated with lenalidomide and dexamethasone, prior studies had failed to show improved survival with earlier intervention, although a reduction in skeletal-related events (without any impact on disease progression) has been described with bisphosphonate use. Risk factors have now been defined, and a subset of ultra-high-risk patients have been reclassified by the International Myeloma Working Group as MM, and thus will require optimal MM treatment, based on biomarkers that identify patients with a >80% risk of progression. The number of these redefined patients is small (∼10%), but important to unravel, because their risk of progression to overt MM is substantial (≥80% within 2 years). Patients with a high-risk cytogenetic profile are not yet considered for early treatment, because groups are heterogeneous and risk factors other than cytogenetics are deemed to weight higher. Because patients with ultra-high-risk SMM are now considered as MM and may be treated as such, concerns exist that earlier therapy may increase the risk of selecting resistant clones and induce side effects and costs. Therefore, an even more accurate identification of patients who would benefit from interventions needs to be performed, and clinical judgment and careful discussion of pros and cons of treatment initiation need to be undertaken. For the majority of SMM patients, the standard of care remains observation until development of symptomatic MM occurs, encouraging participation in ongoing and upcoming SMM/early MM clinical trials, as well as consideration of bisphosphonate use in patients with early bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo Caers
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Carlos Fernández de Larrea
- Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Department of Hematology, Hospital Clínic and Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Leleu
- Hopital La Miletrie, CHU Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Roy Heusschen
- Hematology Laboratory, Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée-I3, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Niklas Zojer
- Department of Medicine I, Wilhelminen Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Olivier Decaux
- Internal Medicine Department, Rennes University Hospitals, Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France
| | - Efstathios Kastritis
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Monique Minnema
- Department of Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Artur Jurczyszyn
- Department of Hematology Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland
| | - Yves Beguin
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Ralph Wäsch
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Antonio Palumbo
- Myeloma Unit, Divisione di Ematologia dell'Università di Torino, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Citta della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Italy
| | - Meletios Dimopoulos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Victoria Mateos
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca-Hematology, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Heinz Ludwig
- Department of Medicine I, Wilhelminen Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Monika Engelhardt
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
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447
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Lub S, Maes K, Menu E, De Bruyne E, Vanderkerken K, Van Valckenborgh E. Novel strategies to target the ubiquitin proteasome system in multiple myeloma. Oncotarget 2016; 7:6521-37. [PMID: 26695547 PMCID: PMC4872730 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy characterized by the accumulation of plasma cells in the bone marrow (BM). The success of the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib in the treatment of MM highlights the importance of the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) in this particular cancer. Despite the prolonged survival of MM patients, a significant amount of patients relapse or become resistant to therapy. This underlines the importance of the development and investigation of novel targets to improve MM therapy. The UPS plays an important role in different cellular processes by targeted destruction of proteins. The ubiquitination process consists of enzymes that transfer ubiquitin to proteins targeting them for proteasomal degradation. An emerging and promising approach is to target more disease specific components of the UPS to reduce side effects and overcome resistance. In this review, we will focus on different components of the UPS such as the ubiquitin activating enzyme E1, the ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2, the E3 ubiquitin ligases, the deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) and the proteasome. We will discuss their role in MM and the implications in drug discovery for the treatment of MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Lub
- Laboratory of Hematology and Immunology, Myeloma Center Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ken Maes
- Laboratory of Hematology and Immunology, Myeloma Center Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Eline Menu
- Laboratory of Hematology and Immunology, Myeloma Center Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Elke De Bruyne
- Laboratory of Hematology and Immunology, Myeloma Center Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Karin Vanderkerken
- Laboratory of Hematology and Immunology, Myeloma Center Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Els Van Valckenborgh
- Laboratory of Hematology and Immunology, Myeloma Center Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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448
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Fairfield H, Falank C, Avery L, Reagan MR. Multiple myeloma in the marrow: pathogenesis and treatments. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2016; 1364:32-51. [PMID: 27002787 PMCID: PMC4806534 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a B cell malignancy resulting in osteolytic lesions and fractures. In the disease state, bone healing is limited owing to increased osteoclastic and decreased osteoblastic activity, as well as an MM-induced forward-feedback cycle where bone-embedded growth factors further enhance tumor progression as bone is resorbed. Recent work on somatic mutation in MM tumors has provided insight into cytogenetic changes associated with this disease; the initiating driver mutations causing MM are diverse because of the complexity and multitude of mutations inherent in MM tumor cells. This manuscript provides an overview of MM pathogenesis by summarizing cytogenic changes related to oncogenes and tumor suppressors associated with MM, reviewing risk factors, and describing the disease progression from monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance to overt MM. It also highlights the importance of the bone marrow microenvironment (BMM) in the establishment and progression of MM, as well as associated MM-induced bone disease, and the relationship of the bone marrow to current and future therapeutics. This review highlights why understanding the basic biology of the healthy and diseased BMM is crucial in the quest for better treatments and work toward a cure for genetically diverse diseases such as MM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Michaela R Reagan
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine
- University of Maine, Orono, Maine
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449
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Mesguich C, Zanotti-Fregonara P, Hindié E. New Perspectives Offered by Nuclear Medicine for the Imaging and Therapy of Multiple Myeloma. Am J Cancer Res 2016; 6:287-90. [PMID: 26877786 PMCID: PMC4729776 DOI: 10.7150/thno.14400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The management of multiple myeloma has fundamentally changed over the years and imaging techniques able to match the therapeutic advances are now much needed. Although many patients now achieve complete response after first-line treatment, relapse is common. Therefore, it would be important to improve the initial prognostic stratification and to detect minimal residual disease after treatment. (18)F-FDG-PET/CT is a useful imaging tool which has a high prognostic value at baseline evaluation and can effectively differentiate active from inactive lesions during induction treatment or after autologous stem-cell transplantation. In combination with biological data, it improves the prediction of relapse. Other PET tracers may soon enter clinical practice and overcome some of the limitations of (18)F-FDG, such as the low sensitivity in detecting early bone marrow infiltration. Excellent results with (11)C-Methionine are reported by Lapa and colleagues in this issue of the Journal. (11)C-Methionine uptake reflects the increased protein synthesis of malignant plasmocytes and correlates well with bone marrow infiltration. Other promising PET ligands include lipid tracers, such as (11)C-Choline or (11)C-acetate, and some peptide tracers, such as (68)Ga-Pentixafor, that targets CXCR4 (chemokine receptor-4), which is often expressed with high density by myeloma cells. Malignant plasma cells are radiosensitive and thus potentially amenable to systemic radionuclide therapy. Indeed, excellent preclinical results were obtained with radioimmunotherapy targeting CD38. Also, preliminary clinical results with peptides targeting CXCR4 (e.g. (177)Lu- or (90)Y-Pentixather) are encouraging. Multiple myeloma may represent a renewal of the already strong partnership between hematologists and nuclear medicine physicians.
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450
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Bouyssou JMC, Ghobrial IM, Roccaro AM. Targeting SDF-1 in multiple myeloma tumor microenvironment. Cancer Lett 2015; 380:315-8. [PMID: 26655999 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a type of B-cell malignancy that remains incurable to date. The bone marrow (BM) microenvironment plays a crucial role in MM progression. The chemokine SDF-1 (CXCL12) is an important actor of the BM microenvironment that has the ability to regulate numerous processes related to its malignant transformation during MM development. The activity of SDF-1 is mainly mediated by its specific receptor CXCR4, which is expressed at the surface of MM cells and various other BM cell types. Current treatments available for MM patients mainly target tumor cells but have limited effects on the BM microenvironment. In this context, SDF-1 and CXCR4 represent ideal targets for the normalization of the MM-supportive BM microenvironment. The present review focuses on the activity of SDF-1 in the MM BM microenvironment and the current efforts carried out to target the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis for treatment of MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette M C Bouyssou
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Medical Oncology, Harvard Medical School, 450 Brookline Avenue, HIM 246, Boston, MA 02215, USA; INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Hematological Disorders and Therapeutic Implications, Paris, France
| | - Irene M Ghobrial
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Medical Oncology, Harvard Medical School, 450 Brookline Avenue, HIM 246, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Aldo M Roccaro
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Medical Oncology, Harvard Medical School, 450 Brookline Avenue, HIM 246, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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