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Lai J, Shang C, Chen W, Izevbaye I, Chu MP, Sandhu I, Brandwein J, Lai R, Wang P. An In Vitro Model for Acute Myeloid Leukemia Relapse Using the SORE6 Reporter. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:496. [PMID: 38203669 PMCID: PMC10779023 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Many patients diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) relapse within two years of the initial remission. The biology of AML relapse is incompletely understood, although cancer stem-like (CSL) cells have been hypothesized to be important. To test this hypothesis, we employed SORE6, a reporter designed to detect the transcriptional activity of the embryonic stem cell proteins Oct4 and Sox2, to identify/purify CSL cells in two FLT3-mutated AML cell lines. Both cell lines contained ~10% of SORE6+ cells in the steady state. Compared to SORE6- cells, SORE6+ cells exhibited more characteristics of CSL cells, with significantly higher chemoresistance and rates of spheroid formation. SORE6+ cells had substantially higher expression of Myc and FLT3 proteins, which are drivers of SORE6 activity. Using a mixture of SORE6-/SORE6+ cells that were molecularly barcoded, we generated an in vitro study model for AML relapse. Specifically, after 'in vitro remission' induced by Ara-C, both cell lines regenerated after 13 ± 3 days. Barcode analysis revealed that most of the regenerated cells were derived from the original SORE6+ cells. Regenerated cells exhibited more CSL features than did the original SORE6+ cells, even though a proportion of them lost SORE6 activity. In bone marrow samples from a patient cohort, we found that relapsed blasts expressed significantly higher levels of Myc, a surrogate marker of SORE6 activity, compared to pre-treatment blasts. To conclude, using our in vitro model, we have provided evidence that CSL cells contribute to AML relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Lai
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada; (M.P.C.); (I.S.); (J.B.)
| | - Chuquan Shang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada; (C.S.); (W.C.); (I.I.); (R.L.)
| | - Will Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada; (C.S.); (W.C.); (I.I.); (R.L.)
| | - Iyare Izevbaye
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada; (C.S.); (W.C.); (I.I.); (R.L.)
| | - Michael P. Chu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada; (M.P.C.); (I.S.); (J.B.)
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Irwindeep Sandhu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada; (M.P.C.); (I.S.); (J.B.)
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Joseph Brandwein
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada; (M.P.C.); (I.S.); (J.B.)
| | - Raymond Lai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada; (C.S.); (W.C.); (I.I.); (R.L.)
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada; (M.P.C.); (I.S.); (J.B.)
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
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2
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Liu Z, Shan S, Yuan Z, Wu F, Zheng M, Wang Y, Gui J, Xu W, Wang C, Ren T, Wen Z. Mitophagy bridges DNA sensing with metabolic adaption to expand lung cancer stem-like cells. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e54006. [PMID: 36416244 PMCID: PMC9900345 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202154006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
While previous studies have identified cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) as a crucial driver for chemoresistance and tumor recurrence, the underlying mechanisms for populating the CSC pool remain unclear. Here, we identify hypermitophagy as a feature of human lung CSCs, promoting metabolic adaption via the Notch1-AMPK axis to drive CSC expansion. Specifically, mitophagy is highly active in CSCs, resulting in increased mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content in the lysosome. Lysosomal mtDNA acts as an endogenous ligand for Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) that promotes Notch1 activity. Notch1 interacts with AMPK to drive lysosomal AMPK activation by inducing metabolic stress and LKB1 phosphorylation. This TLR9-Notch1-AMPK axis supports mitochondrial metabolism to fuel CSC expansion. In patient-derived xenograft chimeras, targeting mitophagy and TLR9-dependent Notch1-AMPK pathway restricts tumor growth and CSC expansion. Taken together, mitochondrial hemostasis is interlinked with innate immune sensing and Notch1-AMPK activity to increase the CSC pool of human lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical SciencesSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Shan Shan
- Department of Respiratory MedicineShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Zixin Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical SciencesSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Fengying Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Ming Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical SciencesSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Ying Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical SciencesSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Jun Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes; Renji‐Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Renji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Wei Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical SciencesSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Chunhong Wang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology of Jiangsu Province, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Tao Ren
- Department of Respiratory MedicineShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Kay Laboratory of Sleep Disordered BreathingShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Zhenke Wen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical SciencesSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
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Inoue S, Imanishi M, Kanzaki A, Fujimoto A, Maeyama M, Okamoto A, Matsuda H, Yoshikawa K, Takahashi R. Role of Cancer Stem-like Cells in the Process of Invasion and Mesenchymal Transformation by a Reconstituted Triple-negative Breast Cancer Cell Population Resistant to p53-induced Apoptosis. Acta Histochem Cytochem 2022; 55:169-184. [PMID: 36405550 PMCID: PMC9631983 DOI: 10.1267/ahc.22-00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the role of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in a population of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells that are resistant to apoptosis. A human breast cancer cell population capable of inducing p53 expression with doxycycline (Dox) was created and used as an untreated control (UT). After the addition of Dox to UT for 5 days, the cell population reconstituted with cells showing resistance to apoptosis was named RE. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and immunostaining revealed that after the addition of Dox, the ratio of cells in the S and G2/M phases decreased in UT as apoptosis proceeded, but did not markedly change in apoptosis-resistant RE. CSC-like cells in RE exhibited a cell morphology with a larger ratio of the major/minor axis than UT. FACS showed that RE had a higher proportion of CSC-like cells and contained more CD44+CD24- mesenchymal CSCs than ALDH1A3+ epithelial-like CSCs. In a Matrigel invasion assay, UT was more likely to form a three-dimensional cell population, whereas RE exhibited a planar population, higher migration ability, and the up-regulated expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related genes. These results provide insights into the mechanisms by which TNBC cells acquire treatment resistance at the time of recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Inoue
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Doshisha Women’s College of Liberal Arts, Kyoto, Japan
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Doshisha Women’s College of Liberal Arts, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Miki Imanishi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Doshisha Women’s College of Liberal Arts, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ai Kanzaki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Doshisha Women’s College of Liberal Arts, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Atsumi Fujimoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Doshisha Women’s College of Liberal Arts, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Marina Maeyama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Doshisha Women’s College of Liberal Arts, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ayaka Okamoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Doshisha Women’s College of Liberal Arts, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroka Matsuda
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Doshisha Women’s College of Liberal Arts, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kiyotsugu Yoshikawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Doshisha Women’s College of Liberal Arts, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Rei Takahashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Doshisha Women’s College of Liberal Arts, Kyoto, Japan
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Doshisha Women’s College of Liberal Arts, Kyoto, Japan
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Zhou C, Wang D, Li J, Wang Q, Wo L, Zhang X, Hu Z, Wang Z, Zhan M, He M, Hu G, Chen X, Shen K, Chen GQ, Zhao Q. TGFB2-AS1 inhibits triple-negative breast cancer progression via interaction with SMARCA4 and regulating its targets TGFB2 and SOX2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2117988119. [PMID: 36126099 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2117988119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The multisubunit ATPase-dependent SWI/SNF complex plays an important role in chromatin remodeling. Large numbers of SWI/SNF subunit mutations have been identified in large variety of human cancers, suggesting that they function against tumorigenesis. Here we report long noncoding RNA TGFB2-AS1 correlates with prognosis in triple-negative breast cancer, the most aggressive cluster of all breast cancers. Especially, we show that TGFB2-AS1 interacts with SMARCA4, a core subunit of the SWI/SNF complex, and blocks the complex to approach its target promoters both in cis and in trans, thus inhibiting the expression of the target genes, TGFB2 and SOX2, eventually leading to the inhibition of breast cancer progression. These findings shed light on understanding regulation and roles of the SWI/SNF complex in carcinogenesis. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most challenging breast cancer subtype for its high rates of relapse, great metastatic potential, and short overall survival. How cancer cells acquire metastatic potency through the conversion of noncancer stem-like cells into cancer cells with stem-cell properties is poorly understood. Here, we identified the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) TGFB2-AS1 as an important regulator of the reversibility and plasticity of noncancer stem cell populations in TNBC. We revealed that TGFB2-AS1 impairs the breast cancer stem-like cell (BCSC) traits of TNBC cells in vitro and dramatically decreases tumorigenic frequency and lung metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, TGFB2-AS1 interacts with SMARCA4, a core subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex, and results in transcriptional repression of its target genes including TGFB2 and SOX2 in an in cis or in trans way, leading to inhibition of transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) signaling and BCSC characteristics. In line with this, TGFB2-AS1 overexpression in an orthotopic TNBC mouse model remarkably abrogates the enhancement of tumor growth and lung metastasis endowed by TGFβ2. Furthermore, combined prognosis analysis of TGFB2-AS1 and TGFβ2 in TNBC patients shows that high TGFB2-AS1 and low TGFβ2 levels are correlated with better outcome. These findings demonstrate a key role of TGFB2-AS1 in inhibiting disease progression of TNBC based on switching the cancer cell fate of TNBC and also shed light on the treatment of TNBC patients.
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5
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Wang J, Shao F, Yang Y, Wang W, Yang X, Li R, Cheng H, Sun S, Feng X, Gao Y, He J, Lu Z. A non-metabolic function of hexokinase 2 in small cell lung cancer: promotes cancer cell stemness by increasing USP11-mediated CD133 stability. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2022; 42:1008-1027. [PMID: 35975322 PMCID: PMC9558687 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Maintenance of cancer stem‐like cell (CSC) stemness supported by aberrantly regulated cancer cell metabolism is critical for CSC self‐renewal and tumor progression. As a key glycolytic enzyme, hexokinase 2 (HK2) plays an instrumental role in aerobic glycolysis and tumor progression. However, whether HK2 directly contribute to CSC stemness maintenance in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is largely unclear. In this study, we aimed to investgate whether HK2 independent of its glycolytic activity is directly involved in stemness maintenance of CSC in SCLC. Methods Immunoblotting analyses were conducted to determine the expression of HK2 in SCLC CSCs and their differentiated counterparts. CSC‐like properties and tumorigenesis of SCLC cells with or without HK2 depletion or overexpression were examined by sphere formation assay and xenograft mouse model. Immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry analyses were performed to identify the binding proteins of CD133. The expression levels of CD133‐associated and CSC‐relevant proteins were evaluated by immunoblotting, immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry assay. RNA expression levels of Nanog, POU5F1, Lin28, HK2, Prominin‐1 were analyzed through quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Polyubiquitination of CD133 was examined by in vitro or in vivo ubiquitination assay. CD133+ cells were sorted by flow cytometry using an anti‐CD133 antibody. Results We demonstrated that HK2 expression was much higher in CSCs of SCLC than in their differentiated counterparts. HK2 depletion inhibited CSC stemness and promoted CSC differentiation. Mechanistically, non‐mitochondrial HK2 directly interacted with CD133 and enhanced CD133 expression without affecting CD133 mRNA levels. The interaction of HK2 and CD133 promoted the binding of the deubiquitinase ubiquitin‐specific protease 11 (USP11) to CD133, thereby inhibiting CD133 polyubiquitylation and degradation. HK2‐mediated upregulation of CD133 expression enhanced the expression of cell renewal regulators, SCLC cell stemness, and tumor growth in mice. In addition, HK2 expression was positively correlated with CD133 expression in human SCLC specimens, and their expression levels were associated with poor prognosis of SCLC patients. Conclusions These results revealed a critical non‐metabolic function of HK2 in promotion of cancer cell stemness. Our findings provided new insights into the multifaceted roles of HK2 in tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China
| | - Fei Shao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Translational Medicine, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China
| | - Yannan Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China.,Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China
| | - Xueying Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China
| | - Renda Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China
| | - Hong Cheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China
| | - Sijin Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Feng
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China
| | - Yibo Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Translational Medicine, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China.,Central Laboratory, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518116, P. R. China
| | - Jie He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China
| | - Zhimin Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310029, P. R. China.,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310029, P. R. China
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6
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Shen S, Lin S, Chen Y, Zhang Y, He Y, Xu X, Feng Y, Lu Y, Mo R. Combating Cancer Stem-Like Cell-Derived Resistance to Anticancer Protein by Liposome-Mediated Acclimatization Strategy. Nano Lett 2022; 22:2419-2428. [PMID: 35254834 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Antibody-based therapeutics, which induce apoptosis of malignant cells by selectively binding to their receptors, hold tremendous promise for clinical cancer therapy. Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) has received considerable interest due to its favorable capability of activating apoptosis in cancer cells by interacting with death receptors (DRs). However, cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) show deficient or lower DR and are highly resistant to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis limiting the therapeutic efficacy. Here, we report a liposome-mediated acclimatization strategy to overcome the CSC-emanated TRAIL resistance. The liposomal assemblies coencapsulating plasmid DNA encoding TRAIL and salinomycin enable cancer cells as protein generators to express TRAIL, and more importantly, can acclimatize resistant CSCs to be sensitized to the TRAIL-triggered apoptosis by salinomycin-induced upregulation of DR expression on CSCs. This programmable liposome-based drug codelivery system shows the potential to efficiently eliminate CSCs and inhibit CSC-enriched tumor growth in the orthotopic colon tumor mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shiqi Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuying Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yingjiao He
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yang Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yougong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ran Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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7
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Kamada S, Ikeda K, Suzuki T, Sato W, Kitayama S, Kawakami S, Ichikawa T, Horie K, Inoue S. Clinicopathological and Preclinical Patient-Derived Model Studies Define High Expression of NRN1 as a Diagnostic and Therapeutic Target for Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:758503. [PMID: 34804954 PMCID: PMC8595331 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.758503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acquired therapeutic resistance and metastasis/recurrence remain significant challenge in advance renal cell carcinoma (RCC), thus the establishment of patient-derived cancer models may provide a clue to assess the problem. We recently characterized that neuritogenesis-related protein neuritin 1 (NRN1) functions as an oncogene in testicular germ cell tumor. This study aims to elucidate the role of NRN1 in RCC. Methods NRN1 expression in clinical RCC specimens was analyzed based on immunohistochemistry. NRN1-associated genes in RCC were screened by the RNA-sequencing dataset from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). RCC patient-derived cancer cell (RCC-PDC) spheroid cultures were established and their viabilities were evaluated under the condition of gene silencing/overexpression. The therapeutic effect of NRN1-specific siRNA was evaluated in RCC-PDC xenograft models. Results NRN1 immunoreactivity was positively associated with shorter overall survival in RCC patients. In TCGA RCC RNA-sequencing dataset, C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), a prognostic and stemness-related factor in RCC, is a gene whose expression is substantially correlated with NRN1 expression. Gain- and loss-of-function studies in RCC-PDC spheroid cultures revealed that NRN1 significantly promotes cell viability along with the upregulation of CXCR4. The NRN1-specific siRNA injection significantly suppressed the proliferation of RCC-PDC-derived xenograft tumors, in which CXCR4 expression is significantly repressed. Conclusion NRN1 can be a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target in RCC as analyzed by preclinical patient-derived cancer models and clinicopathological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Kamada
- Division of Systems Medicine & Gene Therapy, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.,Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Ikeda
- Division of Systems Medicine & Gene Therapy, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takashi Suzuki
- Department of Pathology and Histotechnology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Wataru Sato
- Division of Systems Medicine & Gene Therapy, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Sachi Kitayama
- Division of Systems Medicine & Gene Therapy, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Satoru Kawakami
- Department of Urology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Ichikawa
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kuniko Horie
- Division of Systems Medicine & Gene Therapy, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Inoue
- Division of Systems Medicine & Gene Therapy, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.,Department of Systems Aging Science and Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
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8
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Wang JH, Ban LK, Lee HH, Chen YH, Lin HY, Zhu ZW, Su HY, Umezawa A, Almansour AI, Arumugam N, Kumar RS, Wu GJ, Higuchi A. Purification of Colon Carcinoma Cells from Primary Colon Tumor Using a Filtration Method via Porous Polymeric Filters. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3411. [PMID: 34641226 DOI: 10.3390/polym13193411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) or cancer-initiating cells (CICs) are key factors for tumor generation and metastasis. We investigated a filtration method to enhance CSCs (CICs) from colon carcinoma HT-29 cells and primary colon carcinoma cells derived from patient colon tumors using poly(lactide-co-glycolic acid)/silk screen (PLGA/SK) filters. The colon carcinoma cell solutions were permeated via porous filters to obtain a permeation solution. Then, the cell cultivation media were permeated via the filters to obtain the recovered solution, where the colon carcinoma cells that adhered to the filters were washed off into the recovered solution. Subsequently, the filters were incubated in the culture media to obtain the migrated cells via the filters. Colon carcinoma HT-29 cells with high tumorigenicity, which might be CSCs (CICs), were enhanced in the cells in the recovered solution and in the migrated cells based on the CSC (CIC) marker expression, colony-forming unit assay, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) production. Although primary colon carcinoma cells isolated from colon tumor tissues contained fibroblast-like cells, the primary colon carcinoma cells were purified from fibroblast-like cells by filtration through PLGA/SK filters, indicating that the filtration method is effective in purifying primary colon carcinoma cells.
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9
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Wu K, Woo SM, Seo SU, Kwon TK. Inhibition of BMI-1 Induces Apoptosis through Downregulation of DUB3-Mediated Mcl-1 Stabilization. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10107. [PMID: 34576269 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BMI-1, a polycomb ring finger oncogene, is highly expressed in multiple cancer cells and is involved in cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis. BMI-1 represents a cancer stemness marker that is associated with the regulation of stem cell self-renewal. In this study, pharmacological inhibition (PTC596) or knockdown (siRNA) of BMI-1 reduced cancer stem-like cells and enhanced cancer cell death. Mechanistically, the inhibition of BMI-1 induced the downregulation of Mcl-1 protein, but not Mcl-1 mRNA. PTC596 downregulated Mcl-1 protein expression at the post-translational level through the proteasome-ubiquitin system. PTC596 and BMI-1 siRNA induced downregulation of DUB3 deubiquitinase, which was strongly linked to Mcl-1 destabilization. Furthermore, overexpression of Mcl-1 or DUB3 inhibited apoptosis by PTC596. Taken together, our findings reveal that the inhibition of BMI-1 induces Mcl-1 destabilization through downregulation of DUB3, resulting in the induction of cancer cell death.
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10
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Han YS, Yi EY, Jegal ME, Kim YJ. Cancer Stem-Like Phenotype of Mitochondria Dysfunctional Hep3B Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line. Cells 2021; 10:1608. [PMID: 34198967 PMCID: PMC8307994 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are major organelles that play various roles in cells, and mitochondrial dysfunction is the main cause of numerous diseases. Mitochondrial dysfunction also occurs in many cancer cells, and these changes are known to affect malignancy. The mitochondria of normal embryonic stem cells (ESCs) exist in an undifferentiated state and do not function properly. We hypothesized that mitochondrial dysfunction in cancer cells caused by the depletion of mitochondrial DNA might be similar to the mitochondrial state of ESCs. We generated mitochondria dysfunctional (ρ0) cells from the Hep3B hepatocellular carcinoma cell line and tested whether these ρ0 cells show cancer stem-like properties, such as self-renewal, chemotherapy resistance, and angiogenesis. Compared with Hep3B cells, the characteristics of each cancer stem-like cell were increased in Hep3B/ρ0 cells. The Hep3B/ρ0 cells formed a continuous and large sphere from a single cell. Additionally, the Hep3B/ρ0 cells showed resistance to the anticancer drug doxorubicin because of the increased expression of ATP-binding cassette Subfamily B Member 1. The Hep3B/ρ0 conditioned medium induced more and thicker blood vessels and increased the mobility and invasiveness of the blood vessel cells. Therefore, our data suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction can transform cancer cells into cancer stem-like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Seon Han
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (Y.-S.H.); (E.-Y.Y.); (M.-E.J.)
| | - Eui-Yeun Yi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (Y.-S.H.); (E.-Y.Y.); (M.-E.J.)
| | - Myeong-Eun Jegal
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (Y.-S.H.); (E.-Y.Y.); (M.-E.J.)
| | - Yung-Jin Kim
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (Y.-S.H.); (E.-Y.Y.); (M.-E.J.)
- Korea Nanobiotechnology Center, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
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11
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Maruyama M, Nakano Y, Nishimura T, Iwata R, Matsuda S, Hayashi M, Nakai Y, Nonaka M, Sugimoto T. PC3-Secreted Microprotein Is Expressed in Glioblastoma Stem-Like Cells and Human Glioma Tissues. Biol Pharm Bull 2021; 44:910-919. [PMID: 33896885 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b20-00868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most prevalent malignant primary brain tumor with a high recurrence rate. Despite multimodal therapy including surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, the median survival time after the initial diagnosis of GBM is approximately 14 months. Since cancer stem cells (CSCs) are considered the leading cause of cancer recurrence, glioblastoma stem cell-targeted therapy is a promising strategy for the treatment of GBM. However, because CSC heterogeneity has been implicated in the difficulties of CSC-target therapy, more in-depth knowledge of CSC biology is still required to develop novel therapies. In this study, we established single cell-derived tumorspheres from human glioblastoma U87MG cells. One of these tumorspheres, P4E8 clone, showed CSC-like phenotypes, such as self-renewal capacity, expression of CSC markers, resistance to anti-cancer agents, and in vivo tumorigenicity. Therefore, we used P4E8 cells as a cell-based model of glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs). Gene expression analysis using microarray indicated that the most highly expressed genes in P4E8 cells compared to the parental U87MG were PC3-secreted microprotein (MSMP). Furthermore, MSMP was expressed in patient-derived GSCs and human glioma tissues at the protein level, implying that MSMP might contribute to glioma development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Maruyama
- Department of Anatomy and Brain Science, Kansai Medical University
| | - Yousuke Nakano
- Department of Anatomy and Brain Science, Kansai Medical University
| | - Takuya Nishimura
- Department of Anatomy and Brain Science, Kansai Medical University
| | - Ryoichi Iwata
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kansai Medical University
| | - Satoshi Matsuda
- Department of Cell Signaling, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University
| | | | - Yuki Nakai
- Department of Anatomy and Brain Science, Kansai Medical University
| | | | - Tetsuo Sugimoto
- Department of Anatomy and Brain Science, Kansai Medical University
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12
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Abstract
Recent advances in our understanding of breast cancer have demonstrated that cancer stem-like cells (CSCs, also known as tumor-initiating cell (TICs)) are central for progression and recurrence. CSCs are a small subpopulation of cells present in breast tumors that contribute to growth, metastasis, therapy resistance, and recurrence, leading to poor clinical outcome. Data have shown that cancer cells can gain characteristics of CSCs, or stemness, through alterations in key signaling pathways. The dysregulation of miRNA expression and signaling have been well-documented in cancer, and recent studies have shown that miRNAs are associated with breast cancer initiation, progression, and recurrence through regulating CSC characteristics. More specifically, miRNAs directly target central signaling nodes within pathways that can drive the formation, maintenance, and even inhibition of the CSC population. This review aims to summarize these research findings specifically in the context of breast cancer. This review also discusses miRNAs as biomarkers and promising clinical therapeutics, and presents a comprehensive summary of currently validated targets involved in CSC-specific signaling pathways in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brock Humphries
- Center for Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Zhishan Wang
- Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Medicine, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2500 MetroHealth Drive, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA;
| | - Chengfeng Yang
- Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Medicine, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2500 MetroHealth Drive, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA;
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13
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Sha J, Xia L, Han Q, Chi C, Zhu Y, Pan J, Huang Y, Xia W, Dong B, Xue W, Yang C. Downregulation of circ-TRPS1 suppressed prostatic cancer prognoses by regulating miR-124-3p/EZH2 axis-mediated stemness. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:4372-4385. [PMID: 33415005 PMCID: PMC7783764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal circular RNA (circRNA) expression correlates with human traits such as many kinds of cancers. Though circRNAs have links to cancer, they have less characterization in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (PCa), which is main reason for PCa mortality. Therefore, high-throughput sequencing was used for selected circRNA profiles. The result showed that circ-TRPS1 was upregulated significantly in high-grade PCa tissues or cell lines. High circ-TRPS1 expression correlated to aggressive PCa phenotypes. Knockdown of circ-TRPS1 suppressed PCa proliferation and metastasis through targeting miR-124-3p/EZH2 axis-mediated stemness in PCa, which was validated by luciferase reporter assays. EZH2 overexpression or miR-124-3p inhibition reversed the inhibition of circ-TRPS1 silencing in PCa cell migration and proliferation by recovering stemness. In summary, data demonstrated that circ-TRPS1 suppressed PCa progression through functioning similar to a miR-124-3p sponge to enhance EZH2 expression and cancer stem-like cell differentiation. Thus, circ-TRPS1 might be a candidate target for PCa treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Sha
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 200127, China
| | - Lei Xia
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 200127, China
| | - Qing Han
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 200240, China
| | - Chenfei Chi
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 200127, China
| | - Yinjie Zhu
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 200127, China
| | - Jiahua Pan
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 200127, China
| | - Yiran Huang
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 200127, China
| | - Weiliang Xia
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 200240, China
| | - Baijun Dong
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 200127, China
| | - Wei Xue
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 200127, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200040, China
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14
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Akella NM, Le Minh G, Ciraku L, Mukherjee A, Bacigalupa ZA, Mukhopadhyay D, Sodi VL, Reginato MJ. O-GlcNAc Transferase Regulates Cancer Stem-like Potential of Breast Cancer Cells. Mol Cancer Res 2020; 18:585-598. [PMID: 31974291 PMCID: PMC7127962 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-19-0732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Breast tumors are heterogeneous and composed of different subpopulation of cells, each with dynamic roles that can change with stage, site, and microenvironment. Cellular heterogeneity is, in part, due to cancer stem-like cells (CSC) that share properties with stem cells and are associated with treatment resistance. CSCs rewire metabolism to meet energy demands of increased growth and biosynthesis. O-GlcNAc transferase enzyme (OGT) uses UDP-GlcNAc as a substrate for adding O-GlcNAc moieties to nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins. OGT/O-GlcNAc levels are elevated in multiple cancers and reducing OGT in cancer cells blocks tumor growth. Here, we report that breast CSCs enriched in mammosphere cultures contain elevated OGT/O-GlcNAcylation. Inhibition of OGT genetically or pharmacologically reduced mammosphere forming efficiency, the CD44H/CD24L, NANOG+, and ALDH+ CSC population in breast cancer cells. Conversely, breast cancer cells overexpressing OGT increased mammosphere formation, CSC populations in vitro, and also increased tumor initiation and CSC frequency in vivo. Furthermore, OGT regulates expression of a number of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and CSC markers including CD44, NANOG, and c-Myc. In addition, we identify Krüppel-like factor 8 (KLF8) as a novel regulator of breast cancer mammosphere formation and a critical target of OGT in regulating CSCs. IMPLICATIONS: These findings demonstrate that OGT plays a key role in the regulation of breast CSCs in vitro and tumor initiation in vivo, in part, via regulation of KLF8, and thus inhibition of OGT may serve as a therapeutic strategy to regulate tumor-initiating activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha M Akella
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Giang Le Minh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Lorela Ciraku
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ayonika Mukherjee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Zachary A Bacigalupa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Dimpi Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Valerie L Sodi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Mauricio J Reginato
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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15
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Kato M, Onoyama I, Yoshida S, Cui L, Kawamura K, Kodama K, Hori E, Matsumura Y, Yagi H, Asanoma K, Yahata H, Itakura A, Takeda S, Kato K. Dual-specificity phosphatase 6 plays a critical role in the maintenance of a cancer stem-like cell phenotype in human endometrial cancer. Int J Cancer 2020; 147:1987-1999. [PMID: 32159851 PMCID: PMC7496376 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The prognosis of patients with high‐grade or advanced‐stage endometrial cancer remains poor. As cancer stem‐like cells (CSCs) are thought to be associated with endometrial cancers, it is essential to investigate the molecular mechanisms that regulate endometrial CSCs. Dual‐specificity phosphatase 6 (DUSP6) functions as a negative‐feedback regulator of MAPK–ERK1/2 signaling, but its role in endometrial cancer remains unknown. We investigated whether DUSP6 is involved in cancer cell stemness using endometrial cancer cell lines and specimens from endometrial cancer patients. DUSP6 induced the expression of CSC‐related genes including ALDH1, Nanog, SOX2 and Oct4A, increased the population of cells in the G0/G1 phase, and promoted sphere formation ability. DUSP6 knockdown resulted in reduced cell invasion and metastasis, whereas DUSP6 overexpression inhibited apoptosis under serum‐free conditions. Moreover, DUSP6 decreased phosphorylated ERK1/2 and increased phosphorylated Akt levels, which potentially induces CSC features. In patients with endometrial cancers, DUSP6 expression was determined using immunohistochemistry, and based on the results, the patients were dichotomized into high‐ and low‐DUSP6‐expression groups. Progression‐free survival and overall survival were significantly shorter in the high‐DUSP6‐expression group. These results suggest that DUSP6 has potential value as a biomarker of CSCs and as a target of therapies designed to eliminate CSCs in endometrial cancer. What's new? Although cancer stem‐like cells (CSCs) are involved in human endometrial cancers, the underlying molecular mechanisms and biomarkers for CSCs in endometrial cancers remain elusive. Here, the authors found that DUSP6 plays an important role in regulating endometrial CSC phenotypes by increasing self‐renewal ability and starvation resistance. DUSP6 expression was required for inducing invasion and metastasis and resulted in ERK1/2 dephosphorylation and Akt phosphorylation, which potentially contribute to the promotion of CSC phenotypes. As DUSP6 expression was also positively associated with worse progression‐free and overall survival, DUSP6 represents a potential biomarker for endometrial CSCs and a therapeutic target in endometrial cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Kato
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySchool of Medical Sciences, Kyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySchool of Medical Sciences, Juntendo UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Ichiro Onoyama
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySchool of Medical Sciences, Kyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Sachiko Yoshida
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySchool of Medical Sciences, Kyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Lin Cui
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySchool of Medical Sciences, Kyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Keiko Kawamura
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySchool of Medical Sciences, Kyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Keisuke Kodama
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySchool of Medical Sciences, Kyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Emiko Hori
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySchool of Medical Sciences, Kyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Yumiko Matsumura
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySchool of Medical Sciences, Kyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Hiroshi Yagi
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySchool of Medical Sciences, Kyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Kazuo Asanoma
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySchool of Medical Sciences, Kyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Hideaki Yahata
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySchool of Medical Sciences, Kyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Atsuo Itakura
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySchool of Medical Sciences, Juntendo UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Satoru Takeda
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySchool of Medical Sciences, Juntendo UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Kiyoko Kato
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySchool of Medical Sciences, Kyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
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16
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Xu J, Su Q, Gao M, Liang Q, Li J, Chen X. Differential Expression And Effects Of Peroxiredoxin-6 On Drug Resistance And Cancer Stem Cell-Like Properties In Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:10477-10486. [PMID: 31819528 PMCID: PMC6896930 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s211125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Cancer stem-like cells (CSC) are thought to be involved in the cisplatin resistance of tumors. This study was designed to investigate the effect of PRDX6 on CSCs present in cisplatin-resistant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumors. Materials and methods CD133+/ABCG2+ H1299 CSCs and A549 CSCs were isolated. The IC50 values for cisplatin in treatment of CSCs were detected using the CCK8 assay. Then the isolated cells were identified using CD133. Wnt/β-catenin expression was evaluated by Western blot assays. Specimens of tumor and adjacent para-carcinoma tissue were collected from 30 NSCLC patients and examined by immunohistochemistry (IHC), qRT-PCR, and Western blotting to determine and compare their levels of PRDX6 and CD133 expression. Finally, siRNA-mediated silencing of PRDX6 was employed with both types of CSCs to determine the impact of PRDX6 on CD133 enrichment by flow cytometry, cell viability, and sphere formation ability. Results High levels of PRDX6 and CD133 expression were detected in samples of tumor tissue from NSCLC patients, and expression of PRDX6 and CD13 presented a positive relationship. Increasing levels of cisplatin resistance and upregulated levels of PRDX6, ABCG2, Wnt, and β-catenin expression were detected in CD133+/ABCG2+ H1299 and A549 CSCs. Transfection with siRNA targeting PRDX6 changed these cellular characteristics by decreasing the levels of PRDX6, ABCG2, Wnt, and β-catenin expression. We further demonstrated that exogenous silencing of PRDX6 effectively inhibited the sphere formation ability of CSCs and re-sensitized them to cisplatin. Conclusion Our results strongly suggest that PRDX6 promotes cisplatin resistance in human lung cancer cells by promoting the stem-like properties of cancer cells. Our findings also suggest PRDX6 as a target for treating cisplatin resistant NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Su
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingxia Gao
- Department of Ultrasound, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingsong Liang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, People's Republic of China
| | - Junfeng Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, People's Republic of China
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Ishibashi R, Yoshida S, Odawara N, Kishikawa T, Kondo R, Nakada A, Hakuta R, Takahara N, Tanaka E, Sekiba K, Seimiya T, Ohnaga T, Otsuka M, Koike K. Detection of circulating colorectal cancer cells by a custom microfluid system before and after endoscopic metallic stent placement. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:6397-6404. [PMID: 31807163 PMCID: PMC6876337 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.11047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) should be crucial for future personalized medicine, no efficient and flexible methods have been established. The current study established a polymeric custom-made chip for capturing CTCs with a high efficiency and flexibility. As an example of clinical application, the effects of self-expandable metallic stent (SEMS) placement on the release of cancer cells into the blood of patients with colorectal cancer and bowel obstruction were analyzed. This was assessed as the placement of SEMS may cause mechanical damage and physical force to malignant tissue, increasing the risk of cancer cell release into the bloodstream. The present study examined the number of CTCs using a custom-made chip, before, at 24 h after and at 4 days after SEMS placement in patients with colorectal cancer. The results revealed that, among the 13 patients examined, the number of CTCs was increased in three cases at 24 h after SEMS placement. However, this increase was temporary. The number of CTCs also decreased at 4 days after stent placement in most cases. The CTC chip of the current study detected the number of CD133-positive cancer stem-like cells, which did not change, even in the patient whose total number of CTCs temporarily increased. The results indicated that this custom-made microfluid system can efficiently and flexibly detect CTCs, demonstrating its potential for obtaining information during the management of patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rei Ishibashi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Shuntaro Yoshida
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Nariaki Odawara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kishikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Ryo Kondo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Ayako Nakada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Ryunosuke Hakuta
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Naminatsu Takahara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Eri Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Kazuma Sekiba
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Takahiro Seimiya
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Takashi Ohnaga
- Central Research Institute, Toyama Industrial Technology Center, Toyama 933-0981, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Otsuka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Koike
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
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18
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Bakhshi M, Asadi J, Ebrahimi M, Moradi AV, Hajimoradi M. Increased expression of miR-146a, miR-10b, and miR-21 in cancer stem-like gastro-spheres. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:16589-16599. [PMID: 31095782 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-associated mortalities globally. Accumulating evidence support the presence of gastric cancer stem cells (CSCs) and their role in the pathogenesis and therapeutic challenges of gastric cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) may be influenced by the cellular differentiative state and as critical regulators of the cellular fate in development and cancer, can modulate the behavior of CSCs too. Here, we aimed to investigate the expression relevance of three prognostic miRNAs (miR-21, miR-10b, and miR-146a) in CSCs of AGS and MKN-45 gastric cancer cell lines. METHODS Serial sphere-forming assay in serum-free culture medium was used to enrich the cellular population with stem-like properties. Gastro-spheres were characterized by evaluating the stemness gene expression, clonogenicity, and resistance to docetaxel and cisplatin in comparison with their parental cells. The expression level of miRNAs in gastro-spheres and their parental cells was measured using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Gastro-spheres from both cell lines exhibit stem-like properties: upregulated stemness associated genes (P < 0.05), more colonogenicity and more resistance to docetaxel (P < 0.05). MKN-45 gastro-spheres exhibited upregulated expression of miR-21 (1.8-folds), miR-10b (1.34-folds) and miR-146a (4.8-folds; P < 0.05) compared with the parental cells. AGS-derived gastro-spheres showed upregulation of miR-21 (4.7-folds; P < 0.01), miR-10b (15.2-folds; P < 0.001) and miR-146a (39.3-folds; P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our data exhibited upregulation of miR-21, miR-10b, and miR-146a in the stem-like gastro-spheres; however; their function in gastric CSCs remains to be verified by further experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdieh Bakhshi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Technologies, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Jahanbakhsh Asadi
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Marzieh Ebrahimi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Hematopoietic and Cancer Stem Cell Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdol-Vahab Moradi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Technologies, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Monireh Hajimoradi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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19
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Fu Z, Cao X, Yang Y, Song Z, Zhang J, Wang Z. Upregulation of FoxM1 by MnSOD Overexpression Contributes to Cancer Stem-Like Cell Characteristics in the Lung Cancer H460 Cell Line. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2018; 17:1533033818789635. [PMID: 30111255 PMCID: PMC6096686 DOI: 10.1177/1533033818789635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Manganese superoxide dismutase promotes migration and invasion in lung cancer cells via upregulation of the transcription factor forkhead box M1. Here, we assessed whether upregulation of forkhead box M1 by manganese superoxide dismutase overexpression mediates the acquisition of cancer stem-like cell characteristics in non-small cell lung cancer H460 cells. The second-generation spheroids from H460 cells were used as lung cancer stem-like cells. The levels of manganese superoxide dismutase, forkhead box M1, stemness markers (CD133, CD44, and ALDH1), and transcription factors (Bmi1, Nanog, and Sox2) were analyzed by Western blot. Sphere formation in vitro and carcinogenicity of lung cancer stem-like cells were evaluated by spheroid formation assay and limited dilution xenograft assays. Knockdown or overexpression of manganese superoxide dismutase or/and forkhead box M1 by transduction with short hairpin RNA(shRNA) or complementary DNA were performed for mechanistic studies. We showed that manganese superoxide dismutase and forkhead box M1 amounts as well as the expression levels of stemness markers and transcription factors sphere formation in vitro, and carcinogenicity of lung cancer stem-like cells were higher than in monolayer cells. Lung cancer stem-like cells transduced with manganese superoxide dismutase shRNA or FoxM1 shRNA exhibited decreased sphere formation and lower amounts of stemness markers and transcription factors. Overexpression of manganese superoxide dismutase or FoxM1 in H460 cells resulted in elevated sphere formation rates and protein levels of stemness markers and transcription factors. Meanwhile, manganese superoxide dismutase knockdown or overexpression accordingly altered forkhead box M1 levels. However, forkhead box M1 knockdown or overexpression had no effect on manganese superoxide dismutase levels but inhibited or promoted lung cancer stem-like cell functions. Interestingly, forkhead box M1 overexpression alleviated the inhibitory effects of manganese superoxide dismutase knockdown in lung cancer stem-like cells. In a panel of non-small cell lung cancer cells, including H441, H1299, and H358 cells, compared to the respective monolayer counterparts, the expression levels of manganese superoxide dismutase and forkhead box M1 were elevated in the corresponding spheroids. These findings revealed the role of forkhead box M1 upregulation by manganese superoxide dismutase overexpression in maintaining lung cancer stem-like cell properties. Therefore, inhibition of forkhead box M1 upregulation by manganese superoxide dismutase overexpression may represent an effective therapeutic strategy for non-small cell lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Fu
- 1 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,2 Department of Thoracic Surgery, The 2nd Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangzhou Shi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaocheng Cao
- 3 Laboratory of Medicine, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Yang
- 4 Department of Gynecology, The 2nd Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenwei Song
- 3 Laboratory of Medicine, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiansong Zhang
- 3 Laboratory of Medicine, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Wang
- 2 Department of Thoracic Surgery, The 2nd Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangzhou Shi, People's Republic of China
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20
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Kagami T, Yamade M, Suzuki T, Uotani T, Tani S, Hamaya Y, Iwaizumi M, Osawa S, Sugimoto K, Baba S, Sugimura H, Miyajima H, Furuta T. High expression level of CD44v8-10 in cancer stem-like cells is associated with poor prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients treated with chemoradiotherapy. Oncotarget 2018; 9:34876-88. [PMID: 30405881 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Strong reactive oxygen species (ROS) suppression in cancer stem-like cell components in various solid tumors is associated with therapeutic resistance. In this study, we investigated the influence of CD44v8-10 expression on the overall survival of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (E-SCC) patients after definitive chemoradiotherapy (dCRT) and on radio-sensitivities of E-SCC cell lines treated with or without sulfasalazine, a CD44v8-10-xCT-GSH axis inhibitor. Methods Seventy-three patients with E-SCC who received dCRT were examined retrospectively. CD44v8-10 expression was analyzed immunohistochemically using paraffin-blocked pre-dCRT biopsy specimens obtained by esophagoscopy and was expressed as a histo-score (H-score). The relationship between the H-score and overall survival was analyzed. From human E-SCC cell lines (T.T, T.Tn, or Kyse-3650), we collected CD44v8-10High and CD44v8-10Low subpopulations using a cell sorter. Water-soluble tetrazolium salt-8 (WST), glutathione-SH (GSH) and ROS assays were performed to compare the effect of sulfasalazine on the radio-sensitivities of these subpopulations in T.Tn and Kyse-3650. Results High CD44v8-10 expression was independently associated with poor prognosis in E-SCC patients treated with dCRT (hazard ratio = 2.906, 95% CI = 1.277–6.611, p = 0.011). In CD44v8-10High cells of each cell line, sulfasalazine decreased cellular GSH levels, resulting in increased radiation-induced ROS and reduced cell viability. In contrast, sulfasalazine had no significant effects in CD44v8-10Low cells. Conclusion High CD44v8-10 expression was an independent prognostic factor in E-SCC patients treated with dCRT. CD44v8-10-xCT-GSH axis inhibition sensitized CD44v8-10High E-SCC cells to ROS-inducing treatments such as radiotherapy. Targeting CD44v8-10-xCT-GSH axis may improve the prognosis of post-dCRT E-SCC patients.
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21
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Wang Y, Tu L, Du C, Xie X, Liu Y, Wang J, Li Z, Jiang M, Cao D, Yan X, Luo F. CXCR2 is a novel cancer stem-like cell marker for triple-negative breast cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:5559-5567. [PMID: 30233217 PMCID: PMC6134958 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s174329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is the leading cause of mortality from cancer in women worldwide, and cancer stem-like cell (CSC) is responsible for failure treatment of breast cancer. It plays an important role in resistant disease and metastasis. CD44/CD24 and ALDH are well-accepted protein markers of breast CSC, and it was reported that distinct subtypes of breast CSC were identified by the 2 markers. It is possible that there are various kinds of breast CSC which could be identified by different markers, and CSC markers utilized at present are not enough to fully understand breast CSC. Finding out more novel CSC markers is necessary. CXCR2 is involved in breast cancer metastasis, treatment resistance, and recurrence and has positive cross-talk with known breast CSC protein markers. It can be concluded that CXCR2 is related to breast CSC, and further study is in need. Results In this study, we assessed expression of CXCR2 with immunohistochemistry in breast cancer tissues from 37 patients and discovered that level of CXCR2 was significantly lower in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) compared with non-TNBC. CXCR2 expression decreased in estrogen receptor-negative or HER2-negative breast cancer, but not progesterone receptor-negative counterparts. By immunofluorescence, we observed high coexpression rate of CXCR2 and CSC-related proteins, including NANOG and SOX2. To prove our speculation that CXCR2 was a novel CSC marker for TNBC, we used 4T1 cell, which is a TNBC cell line, to analyze CXCR2-positive subpopulations and observed that CXCR2-positive 4T1 cells showed characteristics of CSC, including resistance to cisplatinum, radiation, and hypoxia, low proportion (around 1%), much more tumor xenografts, tumor spherule formation, and higher levels of CSC-related mRNA compared with CXCR2-negative cells. Conclusion CXCR2 is an acceptable and newly discovered CSC marker for only TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyi Wang
- Lung Cancer Center, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Li Tu
- Lung Cancer Center, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Chi Du
- Department of Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Neijiang, Neijiang, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxiao Xie
- Lung Cancer Center, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Yanyang Liu
- Lung Cancer Center, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Jiantao Wang
- Lung Cancer Center, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Zhixi Li
- Lung Cancer Center, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Ming Jiang
- Lung Cancer Center, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Dan Cao
- Lung Cancer Center, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Xi Yan
- Lung Cancer Center, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Feng Luo
- Lung Cancer Center, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China, ;
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22
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Guo L, Li F, Wang M, Xu Y, Wang B, Ran D, Zhang X. 17β-estradiol regulates the malignancy of cancer stem-like cells derived from the MCF7 cell line partially through Sox2. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:3790-3795. [PMID: 29467896 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.7796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
As a major common malignant tumor in women, the malignant behavior of breast cancer, which includes tumorigenesis and metastasis, is associated with estrogen, particularly 17β-estradiol (E2). With accumulating evidence demonstrating that cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) serve a function in the malignant behavior of breast cancer, including metastasis, recurrence and chemoresistance, the effects of E2 on the physiological processes of CSCs have been attracting more attention. In the present study, in order to investigate the effects of E2 on CSCs, CSCs from the MCF7 breast cancer cell line were isolated and treated with 1, 10 and 50 nM E2. Detection of cell proliferation following E2 treatment revealed that 10 nM E2 treatment inhibited cell proliferation, whereas 50 nM E2 treatment resulted in the induction of apoptosis on CSCs. In order to further investigate the effects of E2 treatment on migration, colony formation and the self-renewal capacity of CSCs in vitro, cells were treated with 1 and 10 nM E2. As expected, compared with mock group, the self-renewal capacity of the CSCs was slightly increased by 10 nM E2 treatment, while 1 nM exhibited no observable effect. E2 treatment demonstrated different effects on the proliferation, migration, colony formation and self-renewal capacity of CSCs in a dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital, Wanzhou, Chongqing 404000, P.R. China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital, Wanzhou, Chongqing 404000, P.R. China
| | - Mengyuan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital, Wanzhou, Chongqing 404000, P.R. China
| | - Yue Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital, Wanzhou, Chongqing 404000, P.R. China
| | - Bangqiong Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital, Wanzhou, Chongqing 404000, P.R. China
| | - Dongchuan Ran
- Department of Endocrinology, Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital, Wanzhou, Chongqing 404000, P.R. China
| | - Xianxiang Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital, Wanzhou, Chongqing 404000, P.R. China
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23
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Kusumoto H, Hirohashi Y, Nishizawa S, Yamashita M, Yasuda K, Murai A, Takaya A, Mori T, Kubo T, Nakatsugawa M, Kanaseki T, Tsukahara T, Kondo T, Sato N, Hara I, Torigoe T. Cellular stress induces cancer stem-like cells through expression of DNAJB8 by activation of heat shock factor 1. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:741-750. [PMID: 29316077 PMCID: PMC5834799 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In a previous study, we found that DNAJB8, a heat shock protein (HSP) 40 family member is expressed in kidney cancer stem‐like cells (CSC)/cancer‐initiating cells (CIC) and that it has a role in the maintenance of kidney CSC/CIC. Heat shock factor (HSF) 1 is a key transcription factor for responses to stress including heat shock, and it induces HSP family expression through activation by phosphorylation. In the present study, we therefore examined whether heat shock (HS) induces CSC/CIC. We treated the human kidney cancer cell line ACHN with HS, and found that HS increased side population (SP) cells. Western blot analysis and qRT‐PCR showed that HS increased the expression of DNAJB8 and SOX2. Gene knockdown experiments using siRNAs showed that the increase in SOX2 expression and SP cell ratio depends on DNAJB8 and that the increase in DNAJB8 and SOX2 depend on HSF1. Furthermore, treatment with a mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor, temsirolimus, decreased the expression of DNAJB8 and SOX2 and the ratio of SP cells. Taken together, the results indicate that heat shock induces DNAJB8 by activation of HSF1 and induces cancer stem‐like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Kusumoto
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Urology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Hirohashi
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nishizawa
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Urology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Masamichi Yamashita
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kazuyo Yasuda
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Aiko Murai
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akari Takaya
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takashi Mori
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Urology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Terufumi Kubo
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Munehide Nakatsugawa
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kanaseki
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tomohide Tsukahara
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Toru Kondo
- Division of Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Sato
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Isao Hara
- Department of Urology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Torigoe
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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24
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Staberg M, Rasmussen RD, Michaelsen SR, Pedersen H, Jensen KE, Villingshøj M, Skjoth-Rasmussen J, Brennum J, Vitting-Seerup K, Poulsen HS, Hamerlik P. Targeting glioma stem-like cell survival and chemoresistance through inhibition of lysine-specific histone demethylase KDM2B. Mol Oncol 2018; 12:406-420. [PMID: 29360266 PMCID: PMC5830623 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) ranks among the most lethal cancers, with current therapies offering only palliation. Inter‐ and intrapatient heterogeneity is a hallmark of GBM, with epigenetically distinct cancer stem‐like cells (CSCs) at the apex. Targeting GSCs remains a challenging task because of their unique biology, resemblance to normal neural stem/progenitor cells, and resistance to standard cytotoxic therapy. Here, we find that the chromatin regulator, JmjC domain histone H3K36me2/me1 demethylase KDM2B, is highly expressed in glioblastoma surgical specimens compared to normal brain. Targeting KDM2B function genetically or pharmacologically impaired the survival of patient‐derived primary glioblastoma cells through the induction of DNA damage and apoptosis, sensitizing them to chemotherapy. KDM2B loss decreased the GSC pool, which was potentiated by coadministration of chemotherapy. Collectively, our results demonstrate KDM2B is crucial for glioblastoma maintenance, with inhibition causing loss of GSC survival, genomic stability, and chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikkel Staberg
- Department of Radiation Biology, The Finsen Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark.,Brain Tumor Biology Group, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Signe Regner Michaelsen
- Department of Radiation Biology, The Finsen Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark.,Brain Tumor Biology Group, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henriette Pedersen
- Brain Tumor Biology Group, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Mette Villingshøj
- Department of Radiation Biology, The Finsen Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark
| | | | - Jannick Brennum
- Department of Neurosurgery, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark
| | | | - Hans Skovgaard Poulsen
- Department of Radiation Biology, The Finsen Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Petra Hamerlik
- Brain Tumor Biology Group, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
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25
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Chen JF, Luo X, Xiang LS, Li HT, Zha L, Li N, He JM, Xie GF, Xie X, Liang HJ. EZH2 promotes colorectal cancer stem-like cell expansion by activating p21cip1-Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Oncotarget 2018; 7:41540-41558. [PMID: 27172794 PMCID: PMC5173077 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Because colorectal cancer (CRC) stem-like cells (CCS-like cells) contribute to poor patient prognosis, these cells are a potential target for CRC therapy. However, the mechanism underlying the maintenance of CCS-like cell properties remains unclear. Here, we found that patients with advanced stage CRC expressed high levels of polycomb group protein enhancer of zeste homologue 2 (EZH2). High expression of EZH2 in tumor tissues correlated with poor patient prognosis. Conversely, silencing EZH2 reduced CRC cell proliferation. Surprisingly, EZH2 was more highly expressed in the CCS-like cell subpopulation than in the non-CCS-like cell subpopulation. EZH2 knockdown significantly reduced the CD133+/CD44+ subpopulation, suppressed mammosphere formation, and decreased the expression of self-renewal-related genes and strongly impaired tumor-initiating capacity in a re-implantation mouse model. Gene expression data from 433 human CRC specimens from TCGA database and in vitro results revealed that EZH2 helped maintain CCS-like cell properties by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. We further revealed that p21cip1–mediated arrest of the cell cycle at G1/S phase is required for EZH2 activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Moreover, the specific EZH2 inhibitor EPZ-6438, a clinical trial drug, prevented CRC progression. Collectively, these findings revealed EZH2 maintaining CCS-like cell characteristics by arresting the cell cycle at the G1/S phase. These results indicate a new approach to CRC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Fang Chen
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xi Luo
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li-Sha Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong-Tao Li
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Zha
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ni Li
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian-Ming He
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gan-Feng Xie
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiong Xie
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hou-Jie Liang
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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26
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Fujimoto A, Kawana K, Taguchi A, Adachi K, Sato M, Nakamura H, Ogishima J, Yoshida M, Inoue T, Nishida H, Tomio K, Yamashita A, Matsumoto Y, Arimoto T, Wada-Hiraike O, Oda K, Nagamatsu T, Osuga Y, Fujii T. Inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress sensors sensitizes cancer stem-like cells to ER stress-mediated apoptosis. Oncotarget 2018; 7:51854-51864. [PMID: 27322083 PMCID: PMC5239519 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Although cancer stem cells (CSC) have been implicated in the development of resistance to anti-cancer therapy including chemotherapy, the mechanisms underlying chemo-resistance by CSC have not yet been elucidated. We herein isolated sphere-forming (cancer stem-like) cells from the cervical cancer cell line, SiHa, and examined the unfolded protein reaction (UPR) to chemotherapeutic-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. We revealed that tunicamycin-induced ER stress-mediated apoptosis occurred in monolayer, but not sphere-forming cells. Biochemical assays demonstrated that sphere-forming cells were shifted to pro-survival signaling through the inactivation of IRE1 (XBP-1 splicing) and activation of PERK (elF2α phosphorylation) branches under tunicamycin-induced ER stress conditions. The proportion of apoptotic cells among sphere-forming cells was markedly increased by the tunicamycin+PERK inhibitor (PERKi) treatment, indicating that PERKi sensitized sphere-forming cells to tunicamycin-induced apoptosis. Cisplatin is also known to induce ER stress-mediated apoptosis. A low concentration of cisplatin failed to shift sphere-forming cells to apoptosis, although IRE1 branch, but not PERK, was activated. ER stress-mediated apoptosis occurred in sphere-forming cells by the cisplatin+IRE1α inhibitor (IRE1i) treatment. IRE1i, synergistic with cisplatin, up-regulated elF2α phosphorylation, and this was followed by the induction of CHOP in sphere-forming cells. The results of the present study demonstrated that the inhibition of ER stress sensors, combined with ER stress-inducible chemotherapy, shifted cancer stem-like cells to ER stress-mediated apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asaha Fujimoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Kei Kawana
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Ayumi Taguchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Adachi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Masakazu Sato
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Hiroe Nakamura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Juri Ogishima
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Mitsuyo Yoshida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Tomoko Inoue
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Haruka Nishida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Kensuke Tomio
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Aki Yamashita
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Yoko Matsumoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Takahide Arimoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Osamu Wada-Hiraike
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Katsutoshi Oda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nagamatsu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Yutaka Osuga
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Fujii
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
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27
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Wang T, Narayanaswamy R, Ren H, Torchilin VP. Combination therapy targeting both cancer stem-like cells and bulk tumor cells for improved efficacy of breast cancer treatment. Cancer Biol Ther 2017; 17:698-707. [PMID: 27259361 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2016.1190488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Many types of tumors are organized in a hierarchy of heterogeneous cell populations. The cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) hypothesis suggests that tumor development and metastasis are driven by a minority population of cells, which are responsible for tumor initiation, growth and recurrences. The inability to efficiently eliminate CSCs during chemotherapy, together with CSCs being highly tumorigenic and invasive, may result in treatment failure due to cancer relapse and metastases. CSCs are emerging as a promising target for the development of translational cancer therapies. Ideal panacea for cancer would kill all malignant cells, including CSCs and bulk tumor cells. Since both chemotherapy and CSCs-specific therapy are insufficient to cure cancer, we propose combination therapy with CSCs-targeted agents and chemotherapeutics for improved breast cancer treatment. We generated in vitro mammosphere of 2 breast cancer cell lines, and demonstrated ability of mammospheres to grow and enrich cancer cells with stem-like properties, including self-renewal, multilineage differentiation and enrichment of cells expressing breast cancer stem-like cell biomarkers CD44(+)/CD24(-/low). The formation of mammospheres was significantly inhibited by salinomycin, validating its pharmacological role against the cancer stem-like cells. In contrast, paclitaxel showed a minimal effect on the proliferation and growth of breast cancer stem-like cells. While combination therapies of salinomycin with conventional chemotherapy (paclitaxel or lipodox) showed a potential to improve tumor cell killing, different subtypes of breast cancer cells showed different patterns in response to the combination therapies. While optimization of combination therapy is warranted, the design of combination therapy should consider phenotypic attributes of breast cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- a Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Radhika Narayanaswamy
- a Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Huilan Ren
- a Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Vladimir P Torchilin
- a Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University , Boston , MA , USA.,b Department of Biochemistry , Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah , Saudi Arabia
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28
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Coudre C, Alani J, Ritchie W, Marsaud V, Sola B, Cahu J. HIF-1α and rapamycin act as gerosuppressant in multiple myeloma cells upon genotoxic stress. Cell Cycle 2016; 15:2174-2182. [PMID: 27340936 PMCID: PMC4993538 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2016.1196302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is still an incurable hematological malignancy. Despite recent progress due to new anti-myeloma agents, the pathology is characterized by a high frequency of de novo or acquired resistance. Delineating the mechanisms of MM resistance is essential for therapeutic advances. We previously showed that long-term genotoxic stress induces the establishment of a senescence-associated secretory phenotype, a pro-inflammatory response that favors the emergence of cells with cancer stem-like properties. Here, we studied the short-term response of MM cells following treatment with various DNA damaging agents such as the energetic C-ion irradiation. MM cells are highly resistant to all treatments and do not enter apoptosis after they arrest cycling at the G2 phase. Although the DNA damage response pathway was activated, DNA breaks remained chronically in damaged MM cells. We found, using a transcriptomic approach that RAD50, a major DNA repair gene was downregulated early after genotoxic stress. In two gerosuppression situations: induction of hypoxia and inhibition of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, we observed, after the treatment with a DNA damaging agent, a normalization of RAD50 expression concomitant with the absence of cell cycle arrest. We propose that combining inhibitors of mTOR with genotoxic agents could avoid MM cells to senesce and secrete pro-inflammatory factors responsible for cancer stem-like cell emergence and, in turn, relapse of MM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julien Alani
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, EA4652, MICAH team, Caen, France
| | - William Ritchie
- Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Brigitte Sola
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, EA4652, MICAH team, Caen, France
| | - Julie Cahu
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, EA4652, MICAH team, Caen, France
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29
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Kumazaki M, Shinohara H, Taniguchi K, Ueda H, Nishi M, Ryo A, Akao Y. Understanding of tolerance in TRAIL-induced apoptosis and cancelation of its machinery by α-mangostin, a xanthone derivative. Oncotarget 2016; 6:25828-42. [PMID: 26304927 PMCID: PMC4694869 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis-factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a member of the TNF-superfamily that selectively induces apoptosis through death receptors (DRs) 4 and/or 5 in cancer cells. These receptors are expressed on the cancer cell surface, without affecting normal cells. Unfortunately, many clinical studies have shown that cancer cells acquire TRAIL-resistance and finally avoid TRAIL-induced apoptosis. The detailed mechanisms of this resistance are not well understood. In the current study, we established a TRAIL-resistant human colon cancer DLD-1 cell line to clarify the mechanisms of TRAIL-resistance and developed agents to cancel its machinery. Also, we found that cancer stem-like cells from breast epithelial proliferating MCF10A cells were also sensitive to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. The enforced expression of DR5 in both TRAIL-resistant cells partially recovered the sensitivity to the TRAIL ligand, which was judged by the activation of caspase-8. As a result, we newly found that the mechanisms of TRAIL-resistance comprised co-existence of a decrease in the expression level of DR5 along with malfunction of its recruitment to the cell surface, as evidenced by Western blot and immunocytological analysis, respectively. Interestingly, α-mangostin, which is a xanthone derivative, canceled the resistance by increasing the expression level of DR5 through down-regulation of miR-133b and effectively induced the translocation of DR5 to the cancer cell surface membrane in TRAIL-resistant DLD-1 cells. These findings indicate that α-mangostin functioned as a sensitizer of TRAIL-induced apoptosis and may thus serve as a possible adjuvant compound for cytokine therapy to conquer TRAIL-resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minami Kumazaki
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Haruka Shinohara
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Kohei Taniguchi
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ueda
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Mayuko Nishi
- Department of Microbiology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0027, Japan
| | - Akihide Ryo
- Department of Microbiology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0027, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Akao
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
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30
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Yao L, Zhang D, Zhao X, Sun B, Liu Y, Gu Q, Zhang Y, Zhao X, Che N, Zheng Y, Liu F, Wang Y, Meng J. Dickkopf-1-promoted vasculogenic mimicry in non-small cell lung cancer is associated with EMT and development of a cancer stem-like cell phenotype. J Cell Mol Med 2016; 20:1673-85. [PMID: 27240974 PMCID: PMC4988283 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
To characterize the contributions of Dickkopf‐1 (DKK1) towards the induction of vasculogenic mimicry (VM) in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we evaluated cohorts of primary tumours, performed in vitro functional studies and generated xenograft mouse models. Vasculogenic mimicry was observed in 28 of 205 NSCLC tumours, while DKK1 was detected in 133 cases. Notably, DKK1 was positively associated with VM. Statistical analysis showed that VM and DKK1 were both related to aggressive clinical course and thus were indicators of a poor prognosis. Moreover, expression of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT)‐related proteins (vimentin, Slug, and Twist), cancer stem‐like cell (CSC)‐related proteins (nestin and CD44), VM‐related proteins (MMP2, MMP9, and vascular endothelial‐cadherin), and β‐catenin‐nu were all elevated in VM‐positive and DKK1‐positive tumours, whereas the epithelial marker (E‐cadherin) was reduced in the VM‐positive and DKK1‐positive groups. Non‐small cell lung cancer cell lines with overexpressed or silenced DKK1 highlighted its role in the restoration of mesenchymal phenotypes and development of CSC characteristics. Moreover, DKK1 significantly promotes NSCLC tumour cells to migrate, invade and proliferate. In vivo animal studies demonstrated that DKK1 enhances the growth of transplanted human tumours cells, as well as increased VM formation, mesenthymal phenotypes and CSC properties. Our results suggest that DKK1 can promote VM formation via induction of the expression of EMT and CSC‐related proteins. As such, we feel that DKK1 may represent a novel target of NSCLC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingli Yao
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Danfang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Pathology, Tianjin General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiulan Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Pathology, Tianjin General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Baocun Sun
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Pathology, Tianjin General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Pathology, Tianjin Cancer Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanrong Liu
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiang Gu
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Pathology, Tianjin General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanhui Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Cancer Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xueming Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Na Che
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanjun Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Meng
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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31
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Ayub TH, Keyver-Paik MD, Debald M, Rostamzadeh B, Thiesler T, Schröder L, Barchet W, Abramian A, Kaiser C, Kristiansen G, Kuhn W, Kübler K. Accumulation of ALDH1-positive cells after neoadjuvant chemotherapy predicts treatment resistance and prognosticates poor outcome in ovarian cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 6:16437-48. [PMID: 25999351 PMCID: PMC4599280 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Although ovarian cancer is a highly chemosensitive disease, it is only infrequently cured. One of the major reasons lies in the presence of drug-resistant cancer stem-like cells, sufficient to fuel recurrence. We phenotyped cancer stem-like cells by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry in 55 matched samples before and after taxane/platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy. All used markers of stemness (ALDH1, CD24, CD117, CD133) isolated low frequencies of malignant cells. ALDH1 was the most valuable marker for tracking stemness in vivo. The enrichment of ALDH1 expression after treatment was associated with a poor response to chemotherapy, with platinum resistance and independently prognosticated unfavorable outcome. Our results suggest that increased ALDH1 expression after treatment identifies patients with aggressive tumor phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiyasha H Ayub
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Integrated Oncology, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse, Bonn, Germany
| | - Mignon-Denise Keyver-Paik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Integrated Oncology, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse, Bonn, Germany
| | - Manuel Debald
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Integrated Oncology, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse, Bonn, Germany
| | - Babak Rostamzadeh
- Institute of Pathology, Center for Integrated Oncology, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thore Thiesler
- Institute of Pathology, Center for Integrated Oncology, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lars Schröder
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Integrated Oncology, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse, Bonn, Germany
| | - Winfried Barchet
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, Center for Integrated Oncology, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alina Abramian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Integrated Oncology, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christina Kaiser
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Integrated Oncology, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse, Bonn, Germany
| | - Glen Kristiansen
- Institute of Pathology, Center for Integrated Oncology, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse, Bonn, Germany
| | - Walther Kuhn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Integrated Oncology, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse, Bonn, Germany
| | - Kirsten Kübler
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Integrated Oncology, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse, Bonn, Germany
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32
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Lu B, Huang X, Mo J, Zhao W. Drug Delivery Using Nanoparticles for Cancer Stem-Like Cell Targeting. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:84. [PMID: 27148051 PMCID: PMC4828437 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The theory of cancer stem-like cell (or cancer stem cell, CSC) has been established to explain how tumor heterogeneity arises and contributes to tumor progression in diverse cancer types. CSCs are believed to drive tumor growth and elicit resistance to conventional therapeutics. Therefore, CSCs are becoming novel target in both medical researches and clinical studies. Emerging evidences showed that nanoparticles effectively inhibit many types of CSCs by targeting various specific markers (aldehyde dehydrogenases, CD44, CD90, and CD133) and signaling pathways (Notch, Hedgehog, and TGF-β), which are critically involved in CSC function and maintenance. In this review, we briefly summarize the current status of CSC research and review a number of state-of-the-art nanomedicine approaches targeting CSC. In addition, we discuss emerging therapeutic strategies using epigenetic drugs to eliminate CSCs and inhibit cancer cell reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Lu
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojia Huang
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingxin Mo
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, China; Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, China; Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, China
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33
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Hou ZJ, Luo X, Zhang W, Peng F, Cui B, Wu SJ, Zheng FM, Xu J, Xu LZ, Long ZJ, Wang XT, Li GH, Wan XY, Yang YL, Liu Q. Flubendazole, FDA-approved anthelmintic, targets breast cancer stem-like cells. Oncotarget 2015; 6:6326-40. [PMID: 25811972 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem-like cell (CS-like cell) is considered to be responsible for recurrence and drug resistance events in breast cancer, which makes it a potential target for novel cancer therapeutic strategy. The FDA approved flubendazole, has been widely used in the treatment of intestinal parasites. Here, we demonstrated a novel effect of flubendazole on breast CS-like cells. Flubendazole inhibited breast cancer cells proliferation in dose- and time-dependent manner and delayed tumor growth in xenograft models by intraperitoneal injection. Importantly, flubendazole reduced CD44high/CD24low subpopulation and suppressed the formation of mammosphere and the expression of self-renewal related genes including c-myc, oct4, sox2, nanog and cyclinD1. Moreover, we found that flubendazole induced cell differentiation and inhibited cell migration. Consistently, flubendazole reduced mesenchymal markers (β-catenin, N-cadherin and Vimentin) expression and induced epithelial and differentiation marker (Keratin 18) expression in breast cancer cells. Mechanism study revealed that flubendazole arrested cell cycle at G2/M phase and induced monopolar spindle formation through inhibiting tubulin polymerization. Furthermore, flubendazole enhanced cytotoxic activity of conventional therapeutic drugs fluorouracil and doxorubicin against breast cancer cells. In conclusion, our findings uncovered a remarkable effect of flubendazole on suppressing breast CS-like cells, indicating a novel utilization of flubendazole in breast cancer therapy.
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34
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Rao W, Wang H, Han J, Zhao S, Dumbleton J, Agarwal P, Zhang W, Zhao G, Yu J, Zynger DL, Lu X, He X. Chitosan-Decorated Doxorubicin-Encapsulated Nanoparticle Targets and Eliminates Tumor Reinitiating Cancer Stem-like Cells. ACS Nano 2015; 9:5725-40. [PMID: 26004286 DOI: 10.1021/nn506928p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Tumor reinitiating cancer stem-like cells are responsible for cancer recurrence associated with conventional chemotherapy. We developed a doxorubicin-encapsulated polymeric nanoparticle surface-decorated with chitosan that can specifically target the CD44 receptors of these cells. This nanoparticle system was engineered to release the doxorubicin in acidic environments, which occurs when the nanoparticles are localized in the acidic tumor microenvironment and when they are internalized and localized in the cellular endosomes/lysosomes. This nanoparticle design strategy increases the cytotoxicity of the doxorubicin by six times in comparison to the use of free doxorubicin for eliminating CD44(+) cancer stem-like cells residing in 3D mammary tumor spheroids (i.e., mammospheres). We further show these nanoparticles reduced the size of tumors in an orthotopic xenograft tumor model with no evident systemic toxicity. The development of nanoparticle system to target cancer stem-like cells with low systemic toxicity provides a new treatment arsenal for improving the survival of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Rao
- †Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- ‡Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Hai Wang
- †Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- ‡Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- §Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Jianfeng Han
- §Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- ∥Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Shuting Zhao
- †Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- ‡Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Jenna Dumbleton
- †Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- ‡Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Pranay Agarwal
- †Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- ‡Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Wujie Zhang
- ⊥Biomolecular Engineering Program, Department of Physics and Chemistry, Milwaukee School of Engineering, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53202, United States
| | - Gang Zhao
- #Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Jianhua Yu
- §Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- ∥Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Debra L Zynger
- ∇Division of Genitourinary Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Xiongbin Lu
- ○Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Xiaoming He
- †Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- ‡Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- §Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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35
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Yang Y, Wu KE, Zhao E, Li W, Shi L, Xie G, Jiang B, Wang Y, Li R, Zhang P, Shuai X, Wang G, Tao K. B7-H1 enhances proliferation ability of gastric cancer stem-like cells as a receptor. Oncol Lett 2015; 9:1833-1838. [PMID: 25789052 PMCID: PMC4356385 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.2949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) are a rare tumorigenic population with the ability to self-renew in numerous cancer types. Their existence is considered a pivotal contributor to tumor recurrence. B7-H1 is a ligand of inhibitory inducible co-stimulator (ICOS) that is broadly expressed on various human cancers. ICOS acts as a ligand of programmed death-1 (PD-1) on T cells, induces the immune escape of cancer cells and also acts as a receptor mediating anti-apoptotic effects on cancer cells. However, the expression and function of B7-H1 on CSCs is not yet clear. In the present study, gastric cancer samples were collected and the B7-H1 expression in gastric cancer CSCs was detected. Ki67, a proliferation marker, was found to be expressed at a higher rate in B7-H1+ CSCs compared with the B7-H1- counterparts. SGC-7901 cells, a gastric cancer cell line, were cultured in serum-free medium to form sphere cells that possessed stem cell characteristics and could express B7-H1 with the stimulation of interferon-γ. The proliferative ability of sphere cells was enhanced following B7-H1 activation with recombinant PD-1 in vivo and in vitro. This effect could be eliminated by neutralizing B7-H1. Overall, B7-H1 can act as a stimulating receptor for CSCs, and induce CSC proliferation. Blocking B7-H1 on CSCs may possess therapeutic potential for treating gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yupeng Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - K E Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Ende Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of General Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Liang Shi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Gengchen Xie
- Department of General Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Yaxin Wang
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Ruidong Li
- Department of General Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoming Shuai
- Department of General Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Guobin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Kaixiong Tao
- Department of General Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
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36
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Morita R, Nishizawa S, Torigoe T, Takahashi A, Tamura Y, Tsukahara T, Kanaseki T, Sokolovskaya A, Kochin V, Kondo T, Hashino S, Asaka M, Hara I, Hirohashi Y, Sato N. Heat shock protein DNAJB8 is a novel target for immunotherapy of colon cancer-initiating cells. Cancer Sci 2014; 105:389-95. [PMID: 24450541 PMCID: PMC4317808 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2013] [Revised: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to establish cancer stem-like cell/cancer-initiating cell (CSC/CIC)-targeting immunotherapy. The CSC/CIC are thought to be essential for tumor maintenance, recurrence and distant metastasis. Therefore they are reasonable targets for cancer therapy. In the present study, we found that a heat shock protein (HSP) 40 family member, DnaJ (Hsp40) homolog, subfamily B, member 8 (DNAJB8), is preferentially expressed in CSC/CIC derived from colorectal cancer (CRC) cells rather than in non-CSC/CIC. Overexpression of DNAJB8 enhanced the expression of stem cell markers and tumorigenicity, indicating that DNAJB8 has a role in CRC CSC/CIC. A DNAJB8-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response could be induced by a DNAJB8-derived antigenic peptide. A CTL clone specific for DNAJB8 peptide showed higher killing activity to CRC CSC/CIC compared with non-CSC/CIC, and CTL adoptive transfer into CRC CSC/CIC showed an antitumor effect in vivo. Taken together, the results indicate that DNAJB8 is expressed and has role in CRC CSC/CIC and that DNAJB8 is a novel target of CRC CSC/CIC-targeting immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rena Morita
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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37
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Abstract
PURPOSE Lactobacillus casei (L. casei) is known to exert anti-proliferation effects on many types of cancer cells. However, the effect of L. casei on liver cancer has not been reported. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to determine the anti-cancer effect of L. casei extract on Huh7 cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS L. casei ATCC393 extract was prepared and purified. After the treatment of L. casei extract on Huh7 cells, cell viability, cell cycle arrest and cell death were analyzed by flow cytometry. The expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α receptor 1 (TNFR1) and death receptor 3 (DR3) mRNA related with extrinsic apoptosis were assessed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Additionally, P21 and P27 cell cycle proteins as well as Caspase-3, -8, -9, phospho-Bad and Bcl-2 apoptosis proteins were analyzed by western blot analysis. To determine the effect of L. casei extract on cancer stem-like cells, we analyzed changes in side population fraction through flow cytometry. RESULTS The cell viability of Huh7 cells treated with L. casei extract was decreased by 77%, potentially owing to increases in the rates of Huh7 cells arrested in the G2/M phase (3% increase) and that underwent apoptosis (6% increase). The expression levels of TNFR1 and DR3 mRNA, as well as P21 and P27 cell cycle proteins, were increased. Meanwhile, the expressions of caspase-8, -9, phospho-Bad and Bcl-2 proteins decreased. However, in the case of side population cells, no remarkable changes were observed. CONCLUSION L. casei extract exerts a potent anti-tumor effect on the viability of liver cancer cells, although not on cancer stem-like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Jong Han
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program of Integrated Biotechnology, Sogang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Bin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seo Young Park
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Man Gil Yang
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyuncheol Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program of Integrated Biotechnology, Sogang University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, Korea
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38
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Michifuri Y, Hirohashi Y, Torigoe T, Miyazaki A, Fujino J, Tamura Y, Tsukahara T, Kanaseki T, Kobayashi J, Sasaki T, Takahashi A, Nakamori K, Yamaguchi A, Hiratsuka H, Sato N. Small proline-rich protein-1B is overexpressed in human oral squamous cell cancer stem-like cells and is related to their growth through activation of MAP kinase signal. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 439:96-102. [PMID: 23954638 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem-like cells (CSCs)/cancer-initiating cells (CICs) are considered to be essential for tumor maintenance, recurrence and metastasis. Therefore, eradication of CSCs/CICs is essential to cure cancers. However, the molecular mechanisms of CSCs/CICs are still elusive. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanism of the cell growth of oral CSCs/CICs. Oral CSCs/CICs were isolated as aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 bright (ALDH1(br)) cells by the ALDEFLUOR assay. Small proline-rich protein-1B (SPRR1B) gene was shown to be overexpressed in ALDH1(br) cells by a cDNA microarray and RT-PCR. SPRR1B was shown to have a role in cell growth and maintenance of ALDH1(br) cells by SPRR1B overexpression and knockdown experiments. To elucidate the molecular mechanism by which SPRR1B regulates cell growth, further cDNA microarray analysis was performed using SPRR1B-overexpressed cells and cells with SPRR1B knocked down by siRNA. Expression of the tumor suppressor gene Ras association domain family member 4 (RASSF4) was found to be suppressed in SPRR1B-overexpressed cells. On the other hand, the expression of RASSF4 was enhanced in cells in which SPRR1B expression was knocked down by SPRR1B-specific siRNA. RASSF4 has an RA (Ras association) domain, and we thus hypothesized that RASSF4 modulates the MAP kinase signal downstream of the Ras signal. MAP kinase signal was activated in SPRR1B-overexpressed cells, whereas the signal was suppressed in SPRR1B knocked down cells. Taken together, the results indicate that the expression of SPRR1B is upregulated in oral CSCs/CICs and that SPRR1B has a role in cell growth by suppression of RASSF4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Michifuri
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; Department of Oral Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
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39
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Sun L, Moritake T, Zheng YW, Suzuki K, Gerelchuluun A, Hong Z, Zenkoh J, Taniguchi H, Tsuboi K. In vitro stemness characterization of radio-resistant clones isolated from a medulloblastoma cell line ONS-76. J Radiat Res 2013; 54:61-69. [PMID: 22951319 PMCID: PMC3534279 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrs078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2012] [Revised: 07/27/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
One-third of patients with medulloblastoma die due to recurrence after various treatments including radiotherapy. Although it has been postulated that cancer stem-like cells are radio-resistant and play an important role in tumor recurrence, the "stemness" of medulloblastoma cells surviving irradiation has not yet been elucidated. Using a medulloblastoma cell line ONS-76, cells that survived gamma irradiation were investigated on their "stemness" in vitro. From 10 500 cells, 20 radio-resistant clones were selected after gamma ray irradiation (5 Gy × two fractions) using the replica micro-well technique. These 20 resistant clones were screened for CD133 positivity by flow cytometry followed by side population assay, tumor sphere formation assay and clonogenic survival assay. Results revealed CD133 fractions were significantly elevated in three clones, which also exhibited significantly increased levels of tumor sphere formation ability and side population fraction. Clonogenic survival assay demonstrated that their radio-resistance was significantly higher than the parental ONS-76. This may support the hypothesis that a small number of cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) are the main culprits in local recurrence after radiotherapy, and disruption of the resistance mechanism of these CSCs is a critical future issue in improving the outcome of patients with medulloblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lue Sun
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Takashi Moritake
- Proton Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yun-Wen Zheng
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Kenshi Suzuki
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Ariungerel Gerelchuluun
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Zhengshan Hong
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Junko Zenkoh
- Proton Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Hideki Taniguchi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Koji Tsuboi
- Proton Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
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40
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WANG HUI, WU JUNLI, ZHANG YE, XUE XIAOFENG, TANG DONG, YUAN ZHONGXU, CHEN MINYONG, WEI JISHU, ZHANG JINGJING, MIAO YI. Transforming growth factor β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition increases cancer stem-like cells in the PANC-1 cell line. Oncol Lett 2012; 3:229-233. [PMID: 22740886 PMCID: PMC3362468 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2011.448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2011] [Accepted: 10/11/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition plays a crucial role in the progression of pancreatic cancer. The aim of this study was to examine the possible association between the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cancer stem-like cells in pancreatic cancer. We used transforming growth factor β to induce an epithelial-mesenchymal transition. The proportion of pancreatic cancer stem-like cells was measured and sorted by flow cytometry. The expression of markers was measured by quantitative PCR and Western blot analysis. Cell cycle distribution was assessed by flow cytometry. We evaluated the migration and invasion activity by Transwell tests. The proportion of pancreatic cancer stem-like cells was significantly increased following transforming growth factor β treatment. Cells were sorted in culture, the cancer stem-like cells exhibited a higher degree of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and demonstrated upregulation of vimentin, a mesenchymal phenotypic marker, compared to the CD44(-)CD24(-) cells. Pancreatic cancer stem-like cells exhibited greater invasion and migration activity in vitro compared to the CD44(-)CD24(-) cells. These results suggested a direct link between epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cancer stem-like cells in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- HUI WANG
- Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, P.R. China
| | - JUNLI WU
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, P.R. China
| | - YE ZHANG
- Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, P.R. China
| | - XIAOFENG XUE
- Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, P.R. China
| | - DONG TANG
- Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, P.R. China
| | - ZHONGXU YUAN
- Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, P.R. China
| | - MINYONG CHEN
- Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, P.R. China
| | - JISHU WEI
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, P.R. China
| | - JINGJING ZHANG
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Clinical Medicine Institute of Tumor Biology, Nanjing 210029, P.R. China
| | - YI MIAO
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, P.R. China
- Correspondence to: Dr Yi Miao, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, P.R. China, E-mail:
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