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Church DN, Stelloo E, Nout RA, Valtcheva N, Depreeuw J, ter Haar N, Noske A, Amant F, Tomlinson IPM, Wild PJ, Lambrechts D, Jürgenliemk-Schulz IM, Jobsen JJ, Smit VTHBM, Creutzberg CL, Bosse T. Prognostic significance of POLE proofreading mutations in endometrial cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 2015; 107:402. [PMID: 25505230 PMCID: PMC4301706 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/dju402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current risk stratification in endometrial cancer (EC) results in frequent over- and underuse of adjuvant therapy, and may be improved by novel biomarkers. We examined whether POLE proofreading mutations, recently reported in about 7% of ECs, predict prognosis. METHODS We performed targeted POLE sequencing in ECs from the PORTEC-1 and -2 trials (n = 788), and analyzed clinical outcome according to POLE status. We combined these results with those from three additional series (n = 628) by meta-analysis to generate multivariable-adjusted, pooled hazard ratios (HRs) for recurrence-free survival (RFS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) of POLE-mutant ECs. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS POLE mutations were detected in 48 of 788 (6.1%) ECs from PORTEC-1 and-2 and were associated with high tumor grade (P < .001). Women with POLE-mutant ECs had fewer recurrences (6.2% vs 14.1%) and EC deaths (2.3% vs 9.7%), though, in the total PORTEC cohort, differences in RFS and CSS were not statistically significant (multivariable-adjusted HR = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.13 to 1.37, P = .15; HR = 0.19, 95% CI = 0.03 to 1.44, P = .11 respectively). However, of 109 grade 3 tumors, 0 of 15 POLE-mutant ECs recurred, compared with 29 of 94 (30.9%) POLE wild-type cancers; reflected in statistically significantly greater RFS (multivariable-adjusted HR = 0.11, 95% CI = 0.001 to 0.84, P = .03). In the additional series, there were no EC-related events in any of 33 POLE-mutant ECs, resulting in a multivariable-adjusted, pooled HR of 0.33 for RFS (95% CI = 0.12 to 0.91, P = .03) and 0.26 for CSS (95% CI = 0.06 to 1.08, P = .06). CONCLUSION POLE proofreading mutations predict favorable EC prognosis, independently of other clinicopathological variables, with the greatest effect seen in high-grade tumors. This novel biomarker may help to reduce overtreatment in EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- David N Church
- Molecular and Population Genetics Laboratory, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (DNC, IPMT); Oxford Cancer Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK (DNC); Department of Pathology (ES, NtH, VTHBMS, TB) and Department of Clinical Oncology (RAN, CLC), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (NV, AN, PJW); Vesalius Research Center (VRC), VIB, Leuven, Belgium (JD, DL); Laboratory of Translational Genetics, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Belgium (FA, DL); Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University Hospitals Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium (FA); Genomic Medicine Theme, Oxford Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (IPMT); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Centrum Utrecht, the Netherlands (IMJS); Department of Radiation Oncology, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands (JJJ)
| | - Ellen Stelloo
- Molecular and Population Genetics Laboratory, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (DNC, IPMT); Oxford Cancer Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK (DNC); Department of Pathology (ES, NtH, VTHBMS, TB) and Department of Clinical Oncology (RAN, CLC), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (NV, AN, PJW); Vesalius Research Center (VRC), VIB, Leuven, Belgium (JD, DL); Laboratory of Translational Genetics, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Belgium (FA, DL); Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University Hospitals Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium (FA); Genomic Medicine Theme, Oxford Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (IPMT); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Centrum Utrecht, the Netherlands (IMJS); Department of Radiation Oncology, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands (JJJ)
| | - Remi A Nout
- Molecular and Population Genetics Laboratory, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (DNC, IPMT); Oxford Cancer Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK (DNC); Department of Pathology (ES, NtH, VTHBMS, TB) and Department of Clinical Oncology (RAN, CLC), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (NV, AN, PJW); Vesalius Research Center (VRC), VIB, Leuven, Belgium (JD, DL); Laboratory of Translational Genetics, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Belgium (FA, DL); Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University Hospitals Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium (FA); Genomic Medicine Theme, Oxford Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (IPMT); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Centrum Utrecht, the Netherlands (IMJS); Department of Radiation Oncology, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands (JJJ)
| | - Nadejda Valtcheva
- Molecular and Population Genetics Laboratory, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (DNC, IPMT); Oxford Cancer Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK (DNC); Department of Pathology (ES, NtH, VTHBMS, TB) and Department of Clinical Oncology (RAN, CLC), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (NV, AN, PJW); Vesalius Research Center (VRC), VIB, Leuven, Belgium (JD, DL); Laboratory of Translational Genetics, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Belgium (FA, DL); Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University Hospitals Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium (FA); Genomic Medicine Theme, Oxford Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (IPMT); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Centrum Utrecht, the Netherlands (IMJS); Department of Radiation Oncology, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands (JJJ)
| | - Jeroen Depreeuw
- Molecular and Population Genetics Laboratory, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (DNC, IPMT); Oxford Cancer Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK (DNC); Department of Pathology (ES, NtH, VTHBMS, TB) and Department of Clinical Oncology (RAN, CLC), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (NV, AN, PJW); Vesalius Research Center (VRC), VIB, Leuven, Belgium (JD, DL); Laboratory of Translational Genetics, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Belgium (FA, DL); Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University Hospitals Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium (FA); Genomic Medicine Theme, Oxford Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (IPMT); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Centrum Utrecht, the Netherlands (IMJS); Department of Radiation Oncology, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands (JJJ)
| | - Natalja ter Haar
- Molecular and Population Genetics Laboratory, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (DNC, IPMT); Oxford Cancer Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK (DNC); Department of Pathology (ES, NtH, VTHBMS, TB) and Department of Clinical Oncology (RAN, CLC), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (NV, AN, PJW); Vesalius Research Center (VRC), VIB, Leuven, Belgium (JD, DL); Laboratory of Translational Genetics, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Belgium (FA, DL); Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University Hospitals Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium (FA); Genomic Medicine Theme, Oxford Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (IPMT); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Centrum Utrecht, the Netherlands (IMJS); Department of Radiation Oncology, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands (JJJ)
| | - Aurelia Noske
- Molecular and Population Genetics Laboratory, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (DNC, IPMT); Oxford Cancer Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK (DNC); Department of Pathology (ES, NtH, VTHBMS, TB) and Department of Clinical Oncology (RAN, CLC), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (NV, AN, PJW); Vesalius Research Center (VRC), VIB, Leuven, Belgium (JD, DL); Laboratory of Translational Genetics, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Belgium (FA, DL); Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University Hospitals Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium (FA); Genomic Medicine Theme, Oxford Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (IPMT); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Centrum Utrecht, the Netherlands (IMJS); Department of Radiation Oncology, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands (JJJ)
| | - Frederic Amant
- Molecular and Population Genetics Laboratory, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (DNC, IPMT); Oxford Cancer Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK (DNC); Department of Pathology (ES, NtH, VTHBMS, TB) and Department of Clinical Oncology (RAN, CLC), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (NV, AN, PJW); Vesalius Research Center (VRC), VIB, Leuven, Belgium (JD, DL); Laboratory of Translational Genetics, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Belgium (FA, DL); Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University Hospitals Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium (FA); Genomic Medicine Theme, Oxford Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (IPMT); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Centrum Utrecht, the Netherlands (IMJS); Department of Radiation Oncology, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands (JJJ)
| | - Ian P M Tomlinson
- Molecular and Population Genetics Laboratory, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (DNC, IPMT); Oxford Cancer Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK (DNC); Department of Pathology (ES, NtH, VTHBMS, TB) and Department of Clinical Oncology (RAN, CLC), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (NV, AN, PJW); Vesalius Research Center (VRC), VIB, Leuven, Belgium (JD, DL); Laboratory of Translational Genetics, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Belgium (FA, DL); Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University Hospitals Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium (FA); Genomic Medicine Theme, Oxford Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (IPMT); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Centrum Utrecht, the Netherlands (IMJS); Department of Radiation Oncology, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands (JJJ).
| | - Peter J Wild
- Molecular and Population Genetics Laboratory, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (DNC, IPMT); Oxford Cancer Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK (DNC); Department of Pathology (ES, NtH, VTHBMS, TB) and Department of Clinical Oncology (RAN, CLC), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (NV, AN, PJW); Vesalius Research Center (VRC), VIB, Leuven, Belgium (JD, DL); Laboratory of Translational Genetics, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Belgium (FA, DL); Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University Hospitals Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium (FA); Genomic Medicine Theme, Oxford Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (IPMT); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Centrum Utrecht, the Netherlands (IMJS); Department of Radiation Oncology, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands (JJJ)
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- Molecular and Population Genetics Laboratory, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (DNC, IPMT); Oxford Cancer Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK (DNC); Department of Pathology (ES, NtH, VTHBMS, TB) and Department of Clinical Oncology (RAN, CLC), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (NV, AN, PJW); Vesalius Research Center (VRC), VIB, Leuven, Belgium (JD, DL); Laboratory of Translational Genetics, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Belgium (FA, DL); Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University Hospitals Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium (FA); Genomic Medicine Theme, Oxford Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (IPMT); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Centrum Utrecht, the Netherlands (IMJS); Department of Radiation Oncology, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands (JJJ)
| | - Ina M Jürgenliemk-Schulz
- Molecular and Population Genetics Laboratory, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (DNC, IPMT); Oxford Cancer Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK (DNC); Department of Pathology (ES, NtH, VTHBMS, TB) and Department of Clinical Oncology (RAN, CLC), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (NV, AN, PJW); Vesalius Research Center (VRC), VIB, Leuven, Belgium (JD, DL); Laboratory of Translational Genetics, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Belgium (FA, DL); Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University Hospitals Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium (FA); Genomic Medicine Theme, Oxford Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (IPMT); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Centrum Utrecht, the Netherlands (IMJS); Department of Radiation Oncology, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands (JJJ)
| | - Jan J Jobsen
- Molecular and Population Genetics Laboratory, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (DNC, IPMT); Oxford Cancer Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK (DNC); Department of Pathology (ES, NtH, VTHBMS, TB) and Department of Clinical Oncology (RAN, CLC), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (NV, AN, PJW); Vesalius Research Center (VRC), VIB, Leuven, Belgium (JD, DL); Laboratory of Translational Genetics, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Belgium (FA, DL); Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University Hospitals Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium (FA); Genomic Medicine Theme, Oxford Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (IPMT); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Centrum Utrecht, the Netherlands (IMJS); Department of Radiation Oncology, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands (JJJ)
| | - Vincent T H B M Smit
- Molecular and Population Genetics Laboratory, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (DNC, IPMT); Oxford Cancer Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK (DNC); Department of Pathology (ES, NtH, VTHBMS, TB) and Department of Clinical Oncology (RAN, CLC), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (NV, AN, PJW); Vesalius Research Center (VRC), VIB, Leuven, Belgium (JD, DL); Laboratory of Translational Genetics, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Belgium (FA, DL); Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University Hospitals Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium (FA); Genomic Medicine Theme, Oxford Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (IPMT); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Centrum Utrecht, the Netherlands (IMJS); Department of Radiation Oncology, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands (JJJ)
| | - Carien L Creutzberg
- Molecular and Population Genetics Laboratory, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (DNC, IPMT); Oxford Cancer Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK (DNC); Department of Pathology (ES, NtH, VTHBMS, TB) and Department of Clinical Oncology (RAN, CLC), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (NV, AN, PJW); Vesalius Research Center (VRC), VIB, Leuven, Belgium (JD, DL); Laboratory of Translational Genetics, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Belgium (FA, DL); Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University Hospitals Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium (FA); Genomic Medicine Theme, Oxford Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (IPMT); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Centrum Utrecht, the Netherlands (IMJS); Department of Radiation Oncology, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands (JJJ)
| | - Tjalling Bosse
- Molecular and Population Genetics Laboratory, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (DNC, IPMT); Oxford Cancer Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK (DNC); Department of Pathology (ES, NtH, VTHBMS, TB) and Department of Clinical Oncology (RAN, CLC), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (NV, AN, PJW); Vesalius Research Center (VRC), VIB, Leuven, Belgium (JD, DL); Laboratory of Translational Genetics, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Belgium (FA, DL); Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University Hospitals Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium (FA); Genomic Medicine Theme, Oxford Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (IPMT); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Centrum Utrecht, the Netherlands (IMJS); Department of Radiation Oncology, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands (JJJ)
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