1
|
Daruish M, Ambrogio F, Foti C, Filosa A, Cazzato G. Tumid Lupus Erythematosus (TLE): A Review of a Rare Variant of Chronic Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus (cCLE) with Emphasis on Differential Diagnosis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:780. [PMID: 38611691 PMCID: PMC11011942 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14070780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumid lupus erythematosus (TLE) has been the subject of heated debate regarding its correct nosographic classification. The definition of TLE has changed over time, varying according to the different studies performed. In this review, we address the initial definition of TLE, the changes that have taken place in the understanding of TLE, and its placement within the classification of cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE), with a focus on clinical, histopathological, immunophenotypical, and differential diagnosis aspects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maged Daruish
- Dorset County Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Dorchester DT1 2JY, UK;
| | - Francesca Ambrogio
- Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (F.A.); (C.F.)
| | - Caterina Foti
- Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (F.A.); (C.F.)
| | - Alessandra Filosa
- Pathology Department, “A. Murri” Hospital-ASUR Marche, Aree Vaste n. 4 and 5, 63900 Fermo, Italy;
| | - Gerardo Cazzato
- Section of Molecular Pathology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Camisa C, Papavero V. Lupus Erythematosus Tumidus as a Distinct Uncommon Subtype of Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus: A Case Report and Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e59140. [PMID: 38803774 PMCID: PMC11129666 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.59140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Lupus erythematosus tumidus (LET) is an uncommon but distinct photosensitive subtype of cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE). It differs from discoid and subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus (SCLE) clinically and pathologically. LET is marked by extreme photosensitivity and carries a much lower risk of progression to systemic disease. The differential diagnosis of LET includes polymorphic light eruption (PMLE) and Jessner's lymphocytic infiltration of the skin (JLIS) because of subtle alterations in the histopathology and the paucity of immunopathologic markers in LET. We report herein a case of LET with positive immunoglobulin (Ig) deposits on direct immunofluorescence (DIF) testing. LET resolved completely with strict sun avoidance and treatment with topical corticosteroids, without the sequelae of atrophy, scarring, or dyspigmentation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles Camisa
- Medical Dermatology, Riverchase Dermatology, Fort Myers, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sanchez-Melendez S, Malik R, Kanwar R, Yang K, Nambudiri VE. Clinical epidemiology of tumid lupus erythematosus: A retrospective review of 179 patients. J Am Acad Dermatol 2024; 90:202-204. [PMID: 37769903 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Sanchez-Melendez
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Ponce Health Sciences University, School of Medicine, Ponce, Puerto Rico
| | - Rhea Malik
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ruhi Kanwar
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kevin Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Vinod E Nambudiri
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhu Q, Zhu C, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Zhang G. A case of lupus erythematosus tumidus misdiagnosed as erysipelas. EUR J INFLAMM 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x231164009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
A patient presented with erythema and oedema on the right eyelid, malar region and left thigh with pruritus and pain. She was diagnosed with erysipelas and had been treated with anti-inflammatory drugs, but the symptoms did not improve. Laboratory investigation and biopsy showed that she was consistent with lupus erythematosus tumidus. It's a typical and rare diease relatively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhu
- The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University , Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chenglin Zhu
- Huzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated, Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huzhou, China
| | - Jinfang Zhang
- The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University , Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yuli Zhang
- The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University , Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Guoqiang Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hajji M, Gorsane I, Badrouchi S, Litaiem N, Rammeh S, Ben Hamida F, Abderrahim E. Systemic lupus erythematosus presenting as lupus erythematosus tumidus and lupus nephritis: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2023; 17:242. [PMID: 37312164 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-023-03981-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lupus nephritis and lupus erythematosus tumidus (LET) are uncommon manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and their coexistence as the initial presentation of SLE is exceedingly rare. Here, we report such a case, emphasizing the diagnostic challenges and therapeutic implications of this unusual association. CASE REPORT A 38-year-old North African woman presented in Nephrology department with a history of lower extremity edema, fatigue, and weight loss of 3 kg in 4 weeks. Physical examination revealed LET lesions on the chest and the Neck. Laboratory investigations showed lymphopenia, low C3 and C4 complement levels, positive antinuclear antibodies, anti-dsDNA antibodies, and anti-SSA/Ro antibodies. Renal function tests showed normal serum creatinine and nephrotic proteinuria. Renal biopsy revealed Class V lupus nephritis. Skin biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of LET, with the presence of lymphohistiocytic infiltrates and dermal mucin. The patient was diagnosed with SLE based on the 2019 EULAR/ACR criteria and treated with prednisone (1 mg/kg/day) and hydroxychloroquine. She showed significant improvement in her cutaneous and renal symptoms at 6 and 12 months follow-up. CONCLUSION The rarity of the coexistence of LET and lupus nephritis as the initial manifestation of SLE, especially in the North African population, underscores the need for further research to elucidate the immunopathogenic mechanisms and prognostic factors associated with this association.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meriam Hajji
- Department of Medicine A, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia.
- Kidney Pathology Laboratory LR00SP01, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia.
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Imen Gorsane
- Department of Medicine A, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
- Kidney Pathology Laboratory LR00SP01, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Samaraa Badrouchi
- Department of Medicine A, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
- Kidney Pathology Laboratory LR00SP01, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Noureddine Litaiem
- Department of Dermatology, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Soumaya Rammeh
- Department of Pathology, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Fethi Ben Hamida
- Kidney Pathology Laboratory LR00SP01, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ezzeddine Abderrahim
- Department of Medicine A, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Magaña M, Castellanos G, Meurehg CC, Magaña-Mainero MR. Lupus Erythematosus Tumidus: Clinical and Pathological Features in a Series of 20 Patients. Am J Dermatopathol 2022; 44:469-477. [PMID: 35704910 DOI: 10.1097/dad.0000000000002019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We sought to assess the clinicopathologic/immunophenotypical features in patients with lupus erythematosus tumidus (LET). METHODS All skin biopsies diagnosed as LET in 16 years were retrieved from our pathology laboratory. Clinical charts were reviewed and immunohistochemical markers were performed. Subpopulations of cells in the infiltrates were studied, as well as the number/distribution of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDC), which were compared with two control groups: normal skin and discoid lupus erythematosus. Direct immunofluorescence was performed when available. RESULTS We found 20 patients (11 men and 9 women; mean age 43.5 years); the mean evolution previous to diagnosis was 20.3 months. They all had erythematous, nonscarring urticarial-like plaques: 8 in the head region only, 8 in trunk/limbs only; both segments were affected in 2 patients; topography was unknown in 2. Except for 1 patient, no one developed systemic lupus erythematosus. A dense perivascular/periadnexal superficial-to-deep lymphocytic infiltrate and stromal mucin deposition were characterized histopathologically; interphase changes were absent. Immunophenotype supported an inflammatory profile. The differential count of CD123 + PDC in 10/20 cases of LET (n = 1180) was notably higher than 5 cases of discoid lupus erythematosus (n = 419) and 5 cases of normal skin (n = 38). No immune deposits were found in 2 cases. CONCLUSION LET is a rare, peculiar form of cutaneous lupus erythematosus that only exceptionally evolves to systemic lupus erythematosus . Its clinical-pathologic/immunophenotypical features are very characteristic. The amount of CD123 + PDC is a very helpful feature among the criteria for its diagnosis and seems to be relevant in its pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Magaña
- Centro de Dermatología & Dermatopatología, Mexico City, Mexico
- Chairman, Service of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México/Hospital General de México "Eduardo Liceaga" S. S., Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Guillermo Castellanos
- Service of Anatomic Pathology, Hospital de Especialidades "Bernardo Sepúlveda" Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yi LG, Gru AA. Primary Cutaneous CD4-Positive Small/Medium T-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder Mimicking Jessner Lymphocytic Infiltrate and Tumid Lupus-A Report of Two Cases. Am J Dermatopathol 2021; 43:e293-e297. [PMID: 34001748 DOI: 10.1097/dad.0000000000001982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Primary cutaneous CD4+ small/medium T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder is a benign lymphoproliferative disorder composed of small-sized to medium-sized pleomorphic cells expressing a follicular helper T-cell phenotype. Jessner lymphocytic infiltrate and tumid lupus are cutaneous conditions characterized by the presence of rich dermal lymphocytic infiltrates with a superficial, deep, perivascular and periadnexal distribution that include copious amounts of dermal mucin deposition. We report 2 cases of primary cutaneous CD4+ small/medium T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder presenting with markedly increased dermal mucin, mimicking both Jessner lymphocytic infiltrate and tumid lupus and provide a review of the differential diagnosis and highlight key distinguishing features.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren G Yi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA; and
| | - Alejandro A Gru
- Department of Pathology and Dermatology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ali A, Woods A, Porter C, Feldman SR. Tumid lupus erythematosus and systemic lupus erythematosus: a rare coexistence. BMJ Case Rep 2021; 14:e245196. [PMID: 34706914 PMCID: PMC8552182 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2021-245196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A patient diagnosed with tumid lupus erythematosus (TLE) was subsequently found to have systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) after presenting to a tertiary care medical centre with shortness of breath and oedema. In this commentary, we discuss this patient's presentation and the association between TLE and SLE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ailia Ali
- Center for Dermatology Research, Department of Dermatology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Alexander Woods
- Center for Dermatology Research, Department of Dermatology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Caroline Porter
- Center for Dermatology Research, Department of Dermatology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Steven R Feldman
- Center for Dermatology Research, Department of Dermatology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Social Sciences & Health Policy, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Logothetis CN, Konstantinov NK, Reyes MD, Emil NS, Tzamaloukas AH. Development of Lupus Erythematosus Tumidus During the Course of Systemic Sclerosis. Cureus 2021; 13:e18064. [PMID: 34671535 PMCID: PMC8520756 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.18064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A man with systemic sclerosis (SS), manifested by characteristic skin lesions, gastro-esophageal reflux disease, and pulmonary fibrosis producing progressive respiratory failure, and a positive antinuclear antibody consistent with reactivity to fibrillarin, developed skin lesions with the clinical and histological characteristics of lupus erythematosus tumidus (LET) 10 years after the diagnosis of SS. His respiratory failure progressed and he expired from sepsis after tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation two years after developing LET. The association of SS and LET, not described until now, raises questions about its pathogenesis and its prognostic significance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michael D Reyes
- Pathology, Raymond G. Murphy Veterans Affairs (VA) Hospital, Albuquerque, USA
| | - N Suzanne Emil
- Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ladenheim A, Tartar DM, Kiuru M. Polyarthritis, neuropathy, and persistent violaceous plaques. JAAD Case Rep 2021; 15:97-99. [PMID: 34466642 PMCID: PMC8384766 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2021.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Ladenheim
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Danielle M Tartar
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Maija Kiuru
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Davis, California.,Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, California
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Worm M, Zidane M, Eisert L, Fischer-Betz R, Foeldvari I, Günther C, Iking-Konert C, Kreuter A, Müller-Ladner U, Nast A, Ochsendorf F, Schneider M, Sticherling M, Tenbrock K, Wenzel J, Kuhn A. S2k guideline: Diagnosis and management of cutaneous lupus erythematosus - Part 1: Classification, diagnosis, prevention, activity scores. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2021; 19:1236-1247. [PMID: 34390136 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.14492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Margitta Worm
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Division of Allergology and Immunology Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Free University of Berlin, Humboldt University of Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health
| | - Miriam Zidane
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Division of Evidence-Based Medicine Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Free University of Berlin, Humboldt University of Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health
| | - Lisa Eisert
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Vivantes Klinikum Neukölln, Berlin
| | - Rebecca Fischer-Betz
- Clinic and Functional Division for Rheumatology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf
| | - Ivan Foeldvari
- Hamburg Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Rheumatology, Hamburg
| | - Claudia Günther
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, and Technical University of Dresden, Dresden
| | - Christof Iking-Konert
- III. Medical Clinic and Polyclinic, Section Rheumatology, University Hospital Hambug-Eppendorf, Hamburg
| | - Alexander Kreuter
- Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Helios St. Elisabeth Hospital Oberhausen, and University of Witten-Herdecke, Oberhausen
| | - Ulf Müller-Ladner
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Kerckhoff Hospital GmbH, Bad Nauheim
| | - Alexander Nast
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Division of Evidence-Based Medicine Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Free University of Berlin, Humboldt University of Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health
| | - Falk Ochsendorf
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main
| | - Matthias Schneider
- Clinic and Functional Division for Rheumatology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf
| | | | - Klaus Tenbrock
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen
| | - Jörg Wenzel
- Dermatological Department, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn
| | - Annegret Kuhn
- Medical Director, Hospital Passau, Passau, University of Münster, Münster, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Niederlande
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Worm M, Zidane M, Eisert L, Fischer-Betz R, Foeldvari I, Günther C, Iking-Konert C, Kreuter A, Müller-Ladner U, Nast A, Ochsendorf F, Schneider M, Sticherling M, Tenbrock K, Wenzel J, Kuhn A. S2k‐Leitlinie zur Diagnostik und Therapie des kutanen Lupus erythematodes – Teil 1: Klassifikation, Diagnostik, Prävention und Aktivitätsscores. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2021; 19:1236-1248. [PMID: 34390147 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.14492_g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Margitta Worm
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Abteilung für Allergologie und Immunologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, und Berliner Institut für Gesundheitsforschung, Berlin
| | - Miriam Zidane
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Division of Evidence Based Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, und Berliner Institut für Gesundheitsforschung, Berlin
| | - Lisa Eisert
- Klinik für Dermatologie und Venerologie, Vivantes Klinikum Neukölln, Berlin
| | - Rebecca Fischer-Betz
- Poliklinik und Funktionsbereich für Rheumatologie, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf
| | - Ivan Foeldvari
- Hamburger Zentrum für Kinder- und Jugendrheumatologie, Hamburg
| | - Claudia Günther
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus Dresden und Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden
| | - Christof Iking-Konert
- III. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Sektion Rheumatologie, Universitätsklinikum Hambug-Eppendorf, Hamburg
| | - Alexander Kreuter
- Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Helios St. Elisabeth Klinik Oberhausen, Oberhausen Universität Witten-Herdecke, Witten-Herdecke
| | - Ulf Müller-Ladner
- Abteilung für Rheumatologie und Klinische Immunologie, Kerckhoff-Klinik GmbH, Bad Nauheim
| | - Alexander Nast
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Division of Evidence Based Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, und Berliner Institut für Gesundheitsforschung, Berlin
| | - Falk Ochsendorf
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main
| | - Matthias Schneider
- Poliklinik und Funktionsbereich für Rheumatologie, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf
| | | | - Klaus Tenbrock
- Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen
| | - Jörg Wenzel
- Dermatologische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Bonn
| | - Annegret Kuhn
- Ärztliche Direktion, Klinikum Passau, Passau, Universität Münster, Münster, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Niederlande
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cooper EE, Pisano CE, Shapiro SC. Cutaneous Manifestations of "Lupus": Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Beyond. Int J Rheumatol 2021; 2021:6610509. [PMID: 34113383 PMCID: PMC8154312 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6610509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lupus, Latin for "wolf," is a term used to describe many dermatologic conditions, some of which are related to underlying systemic lupus erythematosus, while others are distinct disease processes. Cutaneous lupus erythematosus includes a wide array of visible skin manifestations and can progress to systemic lupus erythematosus in some cases. Cutaneous lupus can be subdivided into three main categories: acute cutaneous lupus erythematosus, subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus, and chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus. Physical exam, laboratory studies, and histopathology enable differentiation of cutaneous lupus subtypes. This differentiation is paramount as the subtype of cutaneous lupus informs upon treatment, disease monitoring, and prognostication. This review outlines the different cutaneous manifestations of lupus erythematosus and provides an update on both topical and systemic treatment options for these patients. Other conditions that utilize the term "lupus" but are not cutaneous lupus erythematosus are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth E. Cooper
- Department of Dermatology, Dell Medical School at the University of Texas, Austin 78701, USA
| | - Catherine E. Pisano
- Department of Dermatology, Dell Medical School at the University of Texas, Austin 78701, USA
| | - Samantha C. Shapiro
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Dell Medical School at the University of Texas, Austin 78701, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Retikuläre erythematöse Muzinose – Sonderform eines kutanen Lupus erythematodes? Z Rheumatol 2020; 79:782-784. [DOI: 10.1007/s00393-020-00831-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
15
|
Umeda Y, Ito K, Ansai S, Hoashi T, Saeki H, Kanda N. Lupus Erythematosus Tumidus with Pseudolymphomatous Infiltrates: A Case Report. J NIPPON MED SCH 2020; 87:100-103. [PMID: 32418941 DOI: 10.1272/jnms.jnms.2020_87-208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A 39-year-old Japanese woman presented with a pruritic infiltrated erythematous plaque on the right cheek. Histopathologic analysis of the erythema showed dermal edema, separation of collagen bundles, and nodular perivascular and periadnexal infiltration of lymphocytes in the whole dermis, without epidermal changes. Alcian blue staining intensity was elevated between the collagen bundles, indicating dermal mucinosis. The nodular infiltrates consisted of CD3+ T cell clusters and CD20+ B cell clusters (ratio, approximately 3:1) and included numerous CD123+ cells, indicative of plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Blood analysis revealed serum antinuclear antibody at a titer of 1:160 (homogeneous, speckled pattern). Lupus erythematosus tumidus with pseudolymphomatous infiltrates was diagnosed. Hydroxychloroquine treatment partially improved symptoms; however, the addition of prednisolone was required for complete resolution. Lupus erythematosus tumidus is sometimes accompanied by pseudolymphomatous infiltrates. Dermal mucinosis and the presence of numerous plasmacytoid dendritic cells are useful in differentiating lupus erythematosus tumidus from pseudolymphoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Umeda
- Department of Dermatology, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital
| | - Keigo Ito
- Department of Dermatology, Nippon Medical School Musashi Kosugi Hospital
| | - Shinichi Ansai
- Department of Dermatology, Nippon Medical School Musashi Kosugi Hospital
| | | | | | - Naoko Kanda
- Department of Dermatology, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Nieto Jiménez AI. Infiltración Linfocitaria de Jessner-Kanof. Reporte de un caso. BIONATURA 2020. [DOI: 10.21931/rb/2020.05.03.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Se presenta una paciente de raza blanca, de 48 años de edad, valorada en el servicio de Dermatología, refiriendo una mancha roja y escamosa en forma de línea en la frente de 1 año de evolución, que en ocasiones se acompañaba de ardor. Había utilizado varios tratamientos médicos sin mejoría, por lo que acude a nuestro servicio. Fue valorada y examinada detenidamente y se plantearon como diagnósticos probables: una Esclerodermia lineal, un Lupus Eritematoso Fijo Discoide Crónico y una Infiltración Linfocitaria de Jessner. Se realizó biopsia cutánea que confirmó que se trataba de una Infiltración Linfocitaria de Jessner-Kanof. Esta entidad es muy rara y controvertida. Se instauró tratamiento con antipalúdicos con mejoría total del cuadro cutáneo.
Collapse
|
17
|
Almousa S, Ahmad T, Hamdan S, Katt N. Lupus erythematosus tumidus (LET) with autoimmune thyroid dysfunction (AITD) as the first presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus: A case report and review of the literature. THE EGYPTIAN RHEUMATOLOGIST 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejr.2020.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
18
|
Liu E, Daze RP, Moon S. Tumid Lupus Erythematosus: A Rare and Distinctive Variant of Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus Masquerading as Urticarial Vasculitis. Cureus 2020; 12:e8305. [PMID: 32607289 PMCID: PMC7320659 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.8305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumid lupus erythematosus (TLE) is a rare form of chronic cutaneous lupus that has triggered much debate regarding its clinical and histopathological features. It has been classically defined as annular erythematous, succulent, plaques involving the face and trunk that typically are devoid of any papulosquamous features such as scale and follicular plugging. These lesions are a clinical mimicker of other urticarial lesions such as urticarial vasculitis and lymphocytic infiltrate of Jessner. We report a case of TLE presenting in a 49-year-old Caucasian female whose initial clinical presentation was concerning for urticarial vasculitis due to presence of urticarial-like lesions present for approximately three months. Laboratory studies and histopathological correlations confirmed the diagnosis of TLE and the patient was successfully treated with topical corticosteroids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evan Liu
- Dermatology, Nova Southeastern University, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Largo, USA
| | | | - Summer Moon
- Dermatology, Largo Medical Center, Largo, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Aringer M, Wiefel K, Leuchten N. Neue Klassifikationskriterien des SLE: was helfen sie für die
klinische Diagnose des SLE? AKTUEL RHEUMATOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1165-1725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
ZusammenfassungIm September 2019 sind die gemeinsamen Klassifikationskriterien der European
League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) und des American College of Rheumatology (ACR)
für den systemischen Lupus erythematodes (SLE) erschienen. Die
EULAR/ACR 2019 Klassifikationskriterien verwenden (jemals) positive
antinukleäre Antikörper (ANA) als obligates Eingangskriterium
und gewichtete Kriterien mit Werten von 2 bis 10 und einem Cut-off von 10. Die
Kriterien sind in 10 Domänen geordnet, innerhalb derer Assoziationen
zwischen verschiedenen Manifestationen bestehen, und nur der höchste
Wert in einer Domäne wird verwendet. Kriterien werden nur gewertet, wenn
es für sie keine andere Erklärung gibt, die wahrscheinlicher ist
als der SLE. Die neuen Kriterien sind statistisch den älteren
Kriteriensets überlegen. Sie gelten aber nur für die
Klassifikation. Für die meisten Rheumatologinnen und Rheumatologen ist
das Stellen der Diagnose eines SLE wesentlich relevanter als der Einschluss in
SLE-Studien, für den die Klassifikationskriterien gedacht sind. Daher
stellt sich die Frage, wie weit die Klassifikationskriterien für die
Diagnose helfen können. Direkt dafür verwendet werden
dürfen sie wirklich nicht. Erfahrene Ärztinnen und Ärzte
sind besser und v. a. sensitiver als die besten Kriterien. Manche
Detailinformationen helfen aber dennoch dabei, die individuelle Diagnose
für konkret Patientinnen und Patienten zu stellen. Die vorliegende
Arbeit erörtert die Neuigkeiten in den EULAR/ACR 2019-Kriterien,
stellt den Unterschied zwischen Klassifikation und Diagnose dar und diskutiert,
welche Informationen auch im klinischen Alltag Anwendung finden
können.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Aringer
- Department of Medicine III, Division of Rheumatology, University
Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus at the TU Dresden,
Dresden
| | - Kristin Wiefel
- Department of Medicine III, Division of Rheumatology, University
Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus at the TU Dresden,
Dresden
| | - Nicolai Leuchten
- Department of Medicine III, Division of Rheumatology, University
Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus at the TU Dresden,
Dresden
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Creadore A, Watchmaker J, Maymone MBC, Pappas L, Vashi NA, Lam C. Cosmetic treatment in patients with autoimmune connective tissue diseases: Best practices for patients with lupus erythematosus. J Am Acad Dermatol 2020; 83:343-363. [PMID: 32360722 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.03.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The cutaneous manifestations of lupus, especially chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus, are a source of significant morbidity and can negatively impact patient quality of life. While the active inflammatory component of the disease may be adequately treated, patients are frequently left with residual skin damage and disfiguring aesthetic deficits. Dermatologists lack guidelines regarding the use and safety of various reconstructive and cosmetic interventions in this patient population. Laser treatments are largely avoided in the lupus population because of the possible photodamaging effects of ultraviolet and visible light. Similarly, given the autoimmune nature of this disease, some physicians avoid injectable treatment and grafts because of the concern for disease reactivation via antigenic stimulation. In the second article in this continuing medical education series we compile available data on this topic with the goal of providing evidence-based guidance on the cosmetic treatment of patients with lupus erythematosus with a focus on chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacqueline Watchmaker
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mayra B C Maymone
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Leontios Pappas
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Neelam A Vashi
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Christina Lam
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Jatwani K, Chugh K, Osholowu OS, Jatwani S. Tumid Lupus Erythematosus and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Report on Their Rare Coexistence. Cureus 2020; 12:e7545. [PMID: 32377493 PMCID: PMC7199909 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.7545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumid lupus erythematosus (TLE) is a rare variant of cutaneous lupus erythematosus. Clinically, it lacks typical changes found in discoid lupus and antinuclear antibodies (ANA) levels are elevated in only 10% of the patients. Coexistent systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has been reported to be rare, and literature shows only a few case reports. We present a case of coexistent tumid lupus and SLE. We present a case of a 48-year-old Caucasian female who presented with chronic facial rash, photosensitivity, intermittent oral ulcers, joint pain with morning stiffness, and unintentional weight loss. Laboratory studies showed positive ANA at 1:640, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, positive anticardiolipin immunoglobulin (Ig) G, anticardiolipin IgM, and anti-beta-2 glycoprotein IgM. Skin biopsy of the rash showed a superficial and deep dense lymphocytic infiltrate with mucin deposition, histopathology favoring tumid lupus. The patient was diagnosed with TLE with SLE and was started on hydroxychloroquine with improvement in her rash. Ultraviolet light and certain medications have been proven to play a role in the pathogenesis of tumid lupus. It usually responds to photoprotection, topical treatment, or oral antimalarial therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karan Jatwani
- Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai St. Luke's Roosevelt Hospital Center, New York, USA
| | - Karan Chugh
- Pulmonary Disease, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Barrios M, Nathan N, Trowbridge R, Plovanich M, Nazarian RM, Kroshinsky D. A 23-Year-Old Man with Hyper-IgM Syndrome Presenting with Asymptomatic Violaceous Facial Plaques. Dermatopathology (Basel) 2020; 6:246-250. [PMID: 32083062 PMCID: PMC7011746 DOI: 10.1159/000503744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumid lupus is a rare subtype of chronic cutaneous lupus that is characterized by urticaria-like photosensitive plaques. Unlike discoid lupus, it has minimal to no surface change and resolves without scarring. On pathological examination, it may be distinguished from other types of lupus by abundant interstitial mucin deposits. Herein, we describe a case of tumid lupus in a 23-year-old Kuwaiti male with hyper-IgM syndrome. To our best knowledge, this is the first report of tumid lupus in a patient with a primary immunodeficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mirelys Barrios
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Womens Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Neera Nathan
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Combined Dermatology Residency Program, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ryan Trowbridge
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Combined Dermatology Residency Program, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Molly Plovanich
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Combined Dermatology Residency Program, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rosalynn M Nazarian
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Daniela Kroshinsky
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Lerman I, Agnihothri R, Scott GA, Richardson CT. An atypical clinical presentation of alopecia in 2 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. JAAD Case Rep 2019; 5:953-956. [PMID: 31687462 PMCID: PMC6820283 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2019.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Irina Lerman
- University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York
| | - Ritesh Agnihothri
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Glynis A Scott
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Christopher T Richardson
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York.,Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Patsinakidis N, Kautz O, Gibbs BF, Raap U. Lupus erythematosus tumidus: clinical perspectives. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2019; 12:707-719. [PMID: 31632119 PMCID: PMC6778445 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s166723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lupus erythematosus tumidus (LET) is an uncommon and photosensitive inflammatory skin disorder which is characterised by erythematous urticarial plaques. In the last 20 years, extensive research on clinical and histological aspects of the disease have led to a better characterization of this nosological entity and to differentiate it from other similar or related diseases. Today, LET is considered as a separate subtype of cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) with a benign, intermittent clinical course (intermittent CLE, ICLE) and only rarely associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Patsinakidis
- University Clinic of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Oldenburg, Klinikum Oldenburg Aör, Oldenburg, Germany.,Division of Experimental Allergy and Immunodermatology, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Ocko Kautz
- University Clinic of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Oldenburg, Klinikum Oldenburg Aör, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard F Gibbs
- Division of Experimental Allergy and Immunodermatology, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Raap
- University Clinic of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Oldenburg, Klinikum Oldenburg Aör, Oldenburg, Germany.,Division of Experimental Allergy and Immunodermatology, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Alves F, Gonçalo M. Suspected inflammatory rheumatic diseases in patients presenting with skin rashes. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2019; 33:101440. [PMID: 31585842 DOI: 10.1016/j.berh.2019.101440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Skin lesions occur, often at very early stages, in many of the most frequent inflammatory rheumatic diseases such as in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), dermatomyositis (DM), systemic sclerosis (SSc), Sjögren's syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and psoriatic arthritis. It is important to recognize the different specific cutaneous lesions in SLE (e.g., "butterfly" rash in acute, annular or psoriasiform photosensitive lesions in the subacute form, and discoid lesions in the chronic form) for an early diagnosis and to estimate the associated risks of internal disease, whereas nonspecific lesions (exanthema, vasculitis, and alopecia) can be part of SLE flares. Cutaneous lesions in DM (Gottron's papules and sign, heliotrope rash, dystrophic cuticles, and nailfold capillary abnormalities) may occur before any clinically evident muscular or systemic organ involvement and are of utmost importance for early diagnosis. The pattern of cutaneous lesions and associated autoantibodies also allow the distinction of different phenotypes, either more prone to life-threatening interstitial lung disease (MDA-5) or with higher risk for neoplasia (TIF1-γ). Many other skin lesions, although not specific, require further investigation to look for a possible underlying inflammatory rheumatic disease: non-pruritic urticarial lesions in anti-C1q-associated urticarial vasculitis, Still's disease or hereditary auto-inflammatory syndromes, transient macular purpura of vasculitis in Sjögren's syndrome, Behçet's disease, or RA, Raynaud's phenomenon in SSc and mixed connective tissue disease, erythema nodosum or other panniculitis in RA, Behçet's disease and SLE, pustular eruptions in Behçet's disease, psoriasis, and hereditary auto-inflammatory syndromes. After reviewing in detail the cutaneous manifestations of the most frequent inflammatory rheumatic diseases, we describe a topographic and morphological approach to skin rashes, calling attention to facial rashes, hand involvement, scalp, nail, or leg lesions or to some morphological aspects of skin lesions (annular, pustular, urticarial, or exanthematous) that may be the initial manifestations of inflammatory rheumatic diseases. The importance of skin lesions is confirmed by their presence as part of the classification criteria of many inflammatory rheumatic diseases. They also contribute to early diagnosis, to characterize disease phenotypes, to aid in effective patient management, and, ultimately, to impact on disease prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Alves
- Clinic of Dermatology, University Hospital of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Margarida Gonçalo
- Clinic of Dermatology, University Hospital of Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ismail FF, Sinclair RD, Pinczewski J. Refractory lupus erythematosus tumidus responsive to tildrakizumab. Dermatol Ther 2019; 32:e13070. [PMID: 31442369 DOI: 10.1111/dth.13070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rodney D Sinclair
- Sinclair Dermatology, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Dick J, Kroehl V, Enk AH, Toberer F. Reticular erythematous mucinosis in a young woman: Complete remission following oral hydroxychloroquine. Australas J Dermatol 2019; 60:e343-e345. [DOI: 10.1111/ajd.13075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julika Dick
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology University Medical Center Ruprecht‐Karls‐University Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
| | | | - Alexander H Enk
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology University Medical Center Ruprecht‐Karls‐University Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
| | - Ferdinand Toberer
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology University Medical Center Ruprecht‐Karls‐University Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To review recent evidence on cutaneous manifestations of lupus, with a focus on evidence for pediatric patients. RECENT FINDINGS Cutaneous manifestations of SLE are common and may precede signs or symptoms of systemic disease. Early recognition and initiation of therapy improves quality of life by reducing cutaneous disease activity. Antimalarials are first line for moderate-to-severe disease. Photo protection is a critical component of therapy and perhaps the only modifiable risk factor for SLE. Recognition of cutaneous vasculopathy may reduce mortality from vascular occlusion. SUMMARY There is a critical need for better understanding of pathogenesis, risk factors and outcomes in cutaneous lupus to determine optimal treatment and surveillance strategies. Correlation of clinical phenotypes with biomarkers may help to stratify patients, optimize targeted interventions, and influence prognosis.
Collapse
|
29
|
|
30
|
Nozile WR, Motaparthi K, Schoch JJ. An 8-year-old boy with dermal plaques and scaly papules of the face and ears. Pediatr Dermatol 2018; 35:827-828. [PMID: 30397946 DOI: 10.1111/pde.13560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wallace R Nozile
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Kiran Motaparthi
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jennifer J Schoch
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Abadías-Granado I, Sánchez-Bernal J, Felipo-Berlanga F, Ara-Martín M. Coexistence of Tumid Lupus Erythematosus and Discoid Lupus Erythematosus. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2018; 110:253-255. [PMID: 30072022 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2018.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- I Abadías-Granado
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, España.
| | - J Sánchez-Bernal
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, España
| | - F Felipo-Berlanga
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, España
| | - M Ara-Martín
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, España
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Ribero S, Sciascia S, Borradori L, Lipsker D. The Cutaneous Spectrum of Lupus Erythematosus. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2018; 53:291-305. [PMID: 28752372 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-017-8627-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus is a complex autoimmune disease with a wide spectrum of clinical and immunopathological features. Cutaneous and articular manifestations are the most common signs in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. We here review the pathogenesis and the new classification of cutaneous lupus erythemathosus with a discussion of the significance of the various cutaneous signs. The lesions are classified according to the level of the cellular infiltrate and tissue damage in the epidermis, dermis, and/or subcutis. Furthermore, cutaneous lesions pointing to the presence of a thrombotic vasculopathy and those due to a distinct inflammatory, neutrophilic-mediated reaction pattern are highlighted. Particular attention will be given in describing the histology of skin manifestation. Treatment options for cutaneous lupus erythemathosus have increased with the introduction of new biological therapies. However, the majority of the patients still benefit from antimalarials, which remain the cornerstone of treatment. The evaluation and management of cutaneous lupus erythemathosus patients depend on the clinical findings and associated symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Ribero
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Dermatology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
| | - Savino Sciascia
- Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, San Giovanni Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Luca Borradori
- Department of Dermatology, University of Bern, Inselspital, Berne, Switzerland
| | - Dan Lipsker
- Dermatologic Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
RATIONALE Lupus erythematosus tumidus (LET) is an uncommon type of cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) that is rarely associated with other forms of lupus erythematosus. PATIENT CONCERNS We report a 62-year-old Chinese man presented with recurrent erythematous facial plaques for 1 year and a low-grade fever for 1 week. He had been diagnosed as discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) 1 year before. Physical examination showed diverse lesions, including prominent swelling of the eyelids, a few erythematous, edematous plaques on the left forehead, face, and neck, and 2 hairless macules. The histopathologic findings reveal liquefaction degeneration of the basal cells, perivascular, and periadnexal infiltration of lymphocytes, and interstitial mucin deposition in the superficial, and deep dermis. DIAGNOSES A diagnosis of LET was made on clinical and histological features. INTERVENTIONS The patient started treatment with prednisolone (1 mg/kg. d), combined with hydroxychloroquine (200 mg twice daily), and topical tacrolimus. OUTCOMES The cutaneous lesions completely cleared after a period of 3 months. No adverse effects or clinical evidence of recurrence had been found during the 6-month follow-up period. LESSONS We report a case of LET converted from DLE with diverse lesions, unusual pathologic findings and slow response to the treatment of corticosteroids combined with hydroxychloroquine. We speculate that a continuous spectrum may include DLE, LET, and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), these 3 entities could potentially, convert between each other.
Collapse
|
34
|
Chasset F, Arnaud L, Jachiet M, Monfort JB, Bouaziz JD, Cordoliani F, Bagot M, Barbaud A, Francès C. Changing antimalarial agents after inefficacy or intolerance in patients with cutaneous lupus erythematosus: A multicenter observational study. J Am Acad Dermatol 2017; 78:107-114.e1. [PMID: 29061479 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2017.08.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Changing from one antimalarial (AM) agent to another is often recommended in cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) when the first AM agent is ineffective or poorly tolerated. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect on cutaneous response of a switch from hydroxychloroquine to chloroquine, or the reverse, after failure of the first AM agent. METHODS We conducted a retrospective observational study between 1997 and September 2015. The overall cutaneous response rate and reasons for failure of the switch were assessed for up to 48 months. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to assess the risk for failure of the second AM agent. RESULTS A total of 64 patients with CLE (78% were women) were included; for 48 patients, the switch was for inefficacy, and for 16, it was for adverse events. Median follow-up was 42 months (range, 3-171). Of the patients changed because of inefficacy, 56% were responders at month 3; however, the response decreased over time, with a median duration before failure of the second AM agent of 9 months (95% confidence interval, 6-24). For patients switched because of adverse events, the second AM agent was well tolerated in 69% of cases. LIMITATIONS Retrospective design and subjective evaluation of cutaneous response. CONCLUSION A change of AM agent should be considered in patients with CLE when the first AM agent is ineffective or poorly tolerated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- François Chasset
- AP-HP, Service de Dermatologie et d'Allergologie, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France; Université Paris VI Pierre et Marie Curie, Sorbonnes Universités, Paris, France.
| | - Laurent Arnaud
- Service de rhumatologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, INSERM UMR_S1109, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Marie Jachiet
- AP-HP, Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Benoît Monfort
- AP-HP, Service de Dermatologie et d'Allergologie, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France; Université Paris VI Pierre et Marie Curie, Sorbonnes Universités, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Martine Bagot
- AP-HP, Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France
| | - Annick Barbaud
- AP-HP, Service de Dermatologie et d'Allergologie, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France; Université Paris VI Pierre et Marie Curie, Sorbonnes Universités, Paris, France
| | - Camille Francès
- AP-HP, Service de Dermatologie et d'Allergologie, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Cutaneous lupus erythematosus: updates on pathogenesis and associations with systemic lupus. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2017; 28:453-9. [PMID: 27270345 DOI: 10.1097/bor.0000000000000308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) is a common manifestation among systemic lupus patients. There are no U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved therapies for CLE, and these lesions are frequently disfiguring and refractory to treatment. The present review will cover the recent inroads made into understanding the mechanisms behind CLE lesions and discuss promising therapeutic developments. RECENT FINDINGS The definition of cutaneous lupus is being refined to facilitate diagnostic and research protocols. Research into the pathogenesis of CLE is accelerating, and discoveries are now identifying genetic and epigenetic changes which may predispose to particular disease manifestations. Furthermore, unique features of disease subtypes are being defined. Murine work supports a connection between cutaneous inflammation and systemic lupus disease activity. Importantly, human trials of type I interferon blockade hold promise for improving our treatment armamentarium for refractory CLE lesions. SUMMARY Continued research to understand the mechanisms driving CLE will provide new methods for prevention and treatment of cutaneous lesions. These improvements may also have important effects on systemic disease activity, and thus, efforts to understand this link should be supported.
Collapse
|
36
|
Chasset F, Bouaziz JD, Costedoat-Chalumeau N, Francès C, Arnaud L. Efficacy and comparison of antimalarials in cutaneous lupus erythematosus subtypes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Dermatol 2017; 177:188-196. [PMID: 28112801 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.15312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The antimalarials (AMs) hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and chloroquine (CQ) have demonstrated variable cutaneous response rates in cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE). OBJECTIVES We sought to assess the global cutaneous response rates to HCQ and CQ, with respect to CLE subtypes, based on previously published studies. METHODS We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies published in MEDLINE, Embase and the Cochrane Library between 1965 and December 2015. The proportions of responders to AMs according to CLE subtypes were extracted from individual studies and pooled using random-effects or fixed models. The odds ratio (OR) was used as the measure of association to compare the response rates between CLE subtypes and AMs. RESULTS Among 1990 courses of treatment with AMs from 31 included studies, the overall response rate to AMs was 63% [95% confidence interval (CI) 55-70], with important statistical heterogeneity across the included studies. HCQ had a higher overall efficacy than CQ, but this was not significant (OR 1·48, 95% CI 0·98-2·23). The response rate to AMs was different between CLE subtypes, ranging from 31% (95% CI 20-44) for chilblain lupus to 91% (95% CI 87-93) for acute CLE. The response was significantly higher for acute CLE than for subacute CLE and intermittent CLE. In case of failure of monotherapy with AM, the combination of quinacrine with HCQ or CQ seemed effective, whereas too little data were available to assess the efficacy of the switch to another AM agent. CONCLUSIONS Wide discrepancies in cutaneous response to AMs are observed between CLE subtypes. A specific therapeutic approach considering CLE subtypes may improve CLE management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Chasset
- AP-HP, Service de Dermatologie et d'Allergologie, Hôpital Tenon, 4 Rue de la Chine, Paris CEDEX 20, 75970, France
| | - J-D Bouaziz
- AP-HP, Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, F-75010, France
| | - N Costedoat-Chalumeau
- AP-HP, Université René Descartes Paris V, Paris, 75005, France.,Centre de Référence Maladies Auto-Immunes et Systémiques Rares, Service de Médecine Interne Pôle Médecine, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, F-75014, France
| | - C Francès
- AP-HP, Service de Dermatologie et d'Allergologie, Hôpital Tenon, 4 Rue de la Chine, Paris CEDEX 20, 75970, France
| | - L Arnaud
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Service de Rhumatologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, INSERM UMR_S1109, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, F-67000, France
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Bousquet Muylaert BP, Braga BB, Esteves EB, Garbelini LEB, Michalany AO, Oliveira JD. Lupus tumidus: a report of two cases. An Bras Dermatol 2017; 91:87-89. [PMID: 28300905 PMCID: PMC5325004 DOI: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20164940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lupus tumidus is considered a rare subtype of chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus, characterized by erythema and bright urticarial erythematous-violaceous lesions that leave no scars after regression. Histopathology reveals perivascular and periannexal lymphohistiocytic infiltrates in the papillary and reticular dermis and interstitial mucin deposition. Treatment is based on photoprotection, topical corticosteroids and antimalarials. We report two cases of lupus tumidus, which deserve attention for their low frequency in the literature, in addition to their relevance as a differential diagnosis among dermatologic disorders.
Collapse
|
38
|
Gallitano SM, Haskin A. Lupus erythematosus tumidus: A case and discussion of a rare entity in black patients. JAAD Case Rep 2016; 2:488-490. [PMID: 27981226 PMCID: PMC5149049 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2016.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
|
39
|
Kolkhir P, Pogorelov D, Olisova O, Maurer M. Comorbidity and pathogenic links of chronic spontaneous urticaria and systemic lupus erythematosus--a systematic review. Clin Exp Allergy 2016; 46:275-87. [PMID: 26545308 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is a common mast cell-driven disease characterized by the development of wheals (hives), angioedema (AE), or both for > 6 weeks. It is thought that autoimmunity is a common cause of CSU, which is often associated with autoimmune thyroiditis, whereas the link to other autoimmune disorders such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has not been carefully explored. Here, we systematically reviewed the existing literature for information on the prevalence of CSU in SLE (and vice versa) and we examined the possible clinical and pathogenetic relationship between CSU and SLE. The prevalence of CSU and CSU-like rash in SLE was investigated by 42 independent studies and comorbidity in adult patients reportedly ranged from 0% to 21.9% and 0.4% to 27.5%, respectively (urticarial vasculitis: 0-20%). In children with SLE, CSU was reported in 0-1.2% and CSU-like rash in 4.5-12% (urticarial vasculitis: 0-2.2%). In contrast, little information is available on the prevalence of SLE in patients with CSU, and more studies are needed to determine the rate of comorbidity. Recent insights on IgG- and IgE-mediated autoreactivity suggest similarities in the pathogenesis of CSU and SLE linking inflammation and autoimmunity with the activation of the complement and coagulation system. Future studies of patients with either or both conditions could help to better define common pathomechanisms in CSU and SLE and to develop novel targeted treatment options for patients with CSU and SLE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Kolkhir
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - D Pogorelov
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - O Olisova
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - M Maurer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Jolly M, Laumann AE, Shea CR, Utset TO. Lupus erythematosus tumidus in systemic lupus erythematosus: novel association and possible role of early treatment in prevention of discoid lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2016; 13:64-9. [PMID: 14870920 DOI: 10.1191/0961203304lu473cr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Skin involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) occurs in varied forms. Lupus erythematosus tumidus (LET) is not known to occur with SLE. In our patient presented below, LET occurred in a patient with SLE. Some of the lesions progressedto scarring discoid lesions, while others responded very well to hydoxychloroquine treatment. We, as rheumatologists, are not very aware of this entity, which is so amenable to prevention and treatment if recognized correctly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Jolly
- Department of Medicine, Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, Illinois 60453, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
There have been few reports of lupus erythematosus tumidus (LET) in the literature. Most of textbooks of dermatology or dermatopathology mention this entity only briefly, if at all. The authors describe an additional case of this underdiagnosed disorder that further supports its existence as a separate entity in the spectrum of the variants of chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus. Although most cases are reported in the European countries, to our knowledge, this is the first case documented in Portugal. The clinical, photobiological and histological features as well as differential diagnosis, treatment and prognosis are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Teixeira
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Geral de Santo António, Porto, Portugal.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Kuhn A, Wenzel J, Bijl M. Lupus erythematosus revisited. Semin Immunopathol 2015; 38:97-112. [PMID: 26637330 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-015-0550-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Lupus erythematosus (LE) is a multifactorial autoimmune disease with clinical manifestations of differing severity. The exact pathomechanisms and interactions resulting in the inflammatory and immunological processes of this heterogeneous disease remain elusive. Approaches in the understanding of the pathomechanisms revealed that the clinical expression of LE is predisposed by susceptibility genes and that various environmental factors are responsible for an abnormal immune response. Several studies demonstrated that ultraviolet (UV) light is one of the major factors in the pathogenesis of the disease. Standardized photoprovocation in patients with LE has been shown to be a safe and efficient model for evaluating the underlying pathomechanisms which lead to the production of autoantibodies and immune complexes. In particular, interferons were defined as important players in the early activation of the immune system and were observed to play a specific role in the immunological interface between the innate and the adaptive immune system. Abnormalities or disturbances in the different processes of cell death, such as apoptosis or necrosis, have also been recognized as crucial in the pathogenesis of LE. Although each process is different and characterized by unique features, the processes are interrelated and result in a complex disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annegret Kuhn
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Trials (IZKS), University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
- Division of Immunogenetics, Tumor Immunology Program, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Joerg Wenzel
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marc Bijl
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Martini Hospital, Groningen, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Kotrekhova LP, Vashkevich AA. An experience of using methylprednisolone aceponate in the therapy of lupus erythematosus tumidus. VESTNIK DERMATOLOGII I VENEROLOGII 2015. [DOI: 10.25208/0042-4609-2015-91-4-132-136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Lupus erythematosus tumidus is a rare skin form of lupus erythematosus. About 250 cases of lupus erythematosus tumidus have been described in the world by now. A specific clinical sign of this dermatosis is the appearance of annular or arcuate urticaria-like rash. As a rule, the appearance of the rash is preceded by ultraviolet irradiation. The administration of glucocorticosteroid drugs of local action belonging to classes of potent and very potent steroids is the first-line therapy for lupus erythematosus tumidus. The authors describe a case of the successful treatment of lupus erythematosus tumidus with methylprednisolone aceponate (Advantan ointment) in a female patient aged 56.
Collapse
|
44
|
Chiewchengchol D, Murphy R, Edwards SW, Beresford MW. Mucocutaneous manifestations in juvenile-onset systemic lupus erythematosus: a review of literature. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2015; 13:1. [PMID: 25587243 PMCID: PMC4292833 DOI: 10.1186/1546-0096-13-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients diagnosed with juvenile-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE) often have skin and oral lesions as part of their presentation. These mucocutaneous lesions, as defined by the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) in 1997, include malar rash, discoid rash, photosensitivity and oral ulcers. It is therefore essential to recognize mucocutaneous lesions to accurately diagnose JSLE. The mucocutaneous lesions can be divided into those with classical histological features (LE specific) and those strongly associated with and forming part of the diagnostic spectrum, but without the classical histological changes of lupus (LE nonspecific). A malar rash is the most commonly associated LE specific dermatological presentation. This skin manifestation is an acute form and also correlates with disease activity. Subacute (polycyclic or papulosquamous lesions) and chronic (discoid lesions) forms, whilst showing classical histological changes supportive of lupus, are less commonly associated with systemic lupus and do not correlate with disease activity. The most commonly associated skin lesions without classical lupus changes are cutaneous vasculitis, oral ulcers and diffuse non-scarring alopecia. These signs frequently relate to disease activity. An understanding of cutaneous signs and symptoms of lupus in children is important to avoid delay in diagnosis. They will often improve as lupus is adequately controlled and their reappearance is often the first indicator of a disease flare.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Direkrit Chiewchengchol
- />Institute of Translational Medicine, Alder Hey Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- />Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- />Immunology Unit & Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-mediated Disease, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ruth Murphy
- />Department of Dermatology, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham University Teaching Hospitals, Nottingham, UK
| | - Steven W Edwards
- />Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Michael W Beresford
- />Institute of Translational Medicine, Alder Hey Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- />Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Alder Hey Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, Eaton Road, Liverpool, L12 2AP UK
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Böhm M, Luger TA. Skin in rheumatic disease. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-09138-1.00033-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
|
46
|
Rodriguez-Caruncho C, Bielsa I, Fernández-Figueras MT, Roca J, Carrascosa JM, Ferrándiz C. Lupus erythematosus tumidus: a clinical and histological study of 25 cases. Lupus 2014; 24:751-5. [DOI: 10.1177/0961203314560204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Lupus erythematosus tumidus (LET) is a subtype of cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) that has been well characterized in recent years. However, some controversy still remains concerning the histological features of epidermal involvement. Objectives The objective of this report is to describe the clinical and microscopic features of LET in patients diagnosed at Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Spain. Methods We conducted a retrospective study of 25 patients with a diagnosis of LET. Results All patients presented with typical LET lesions (smooth, erythematous plaques without macroscopic epidermal changes, such as follicular plugs or scale, that resolved without residual scarring or hypopigmentation). None of the patients fulfilled the criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus during follow-up. Test results for antinuclear antibodies were positive in five patients (20%), with titres below one of 320 in all cases. Twenty-two patients (88%) required antimalarial therapy; response was good in 70% and moderate response in 30%. Minor epidermal alterations were observed in 52% of biopsy specimens, with focal basal vacuolization being the most frequent. Conclusions LET is a variant of CLE that has distinctive clinical, histologic and prognostic features. Unlike the patients in the case series previously described in the literature, most of our patients required treatment with antimalarials. Histology revealed mild epidermal alterations in a significant percentage of patients. Thus, in our opinion, the absence of microscopic epidermal alterations is not constant in LET.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Rodriguez-Caruncho
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - I Bielsa
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M T Fernández-Figueras
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Roca
- Department of Epidemiology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J M Carrascosa
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Ferrándiz
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Kuhn A, Sigges J, Biazar C, Ruland V, Patsinakidis N, Landmann A, Amler S, Bonsmann G, Haust M, Nyberg F, Bata Z, Mihályi L, Olteanu R, Pujol R, Sánchez‐Schmidt J, Medenica L, Skiljevic D, Reich A, Szepietowski J, Dalle Vedove C, Girolomoni G, Hawro T, Zalewska‐Janowska A, Glaeser R, Huegel R, Jedličková H, Bygum A, Laurinaviciene R, Benoit S, Broecker E, Bahmer F, Aberer E, Wutte N, Lipozencic J, Marinovic B, Sárdy M, Bekou V, Ruzicka T, Frances C, Soutou B, Lee H, Worm M, Gruschke A, Hunzelmann N, Steinbrink K, Romiti R, Sticherling M, Erfurt‐Berge C, Avgerinou G, Papafragkaki D, Antiga E, Caproni M, Mayer B, Volc‐Platzer B, Kreuter A, Tigges C, Heil P, Stingl G. Influence of smoking on disease severity and antimalarial therapy in cutaneous lupus erythematosus: analysis of 1002 patients from the
EUSCLE
database. Br J Dermatol 2014; 171:571-9. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.13006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
48
|
Cinotti E, Merlo V, Kempf W, Carli C, Kanitakis J, Parodi A, Rongioletti F. Reticular erythematous mucinosis: histopathological and immunohistochemical features of 25 patients compared with 25 cases of lupus erythematosus tumidus. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2014; 29:689-97. [PMID: 25087914 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.12654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Reticular erythematous mucinosis (REM) and lupus erythematosus tumidus (LET) share similarities. However, to our knowledge no study extensively compared the histological features of these two conditions. The aim of this study is to compare the histological and immunohistochemical features of REM and LET. METHODS We evaluated epidermal thickness, hyperkeratosis, dermo-epidermal junction changes, interstitial mucin deposition, vessel dilatation and pattern, type and density of the inflammatory infiltrate in 25 cases of REM and LET. Anti-CD3, anti-CD20, anti-CD68, anti-CD4, anti-CD8, anti-CD123, anti-CD2AP, anti-IgG and anti-C3 antibodies were tested in a subset of patients. RESULTS Both diseases are characterized by perivascular dermal infiltrates of lymphocytes mainly CD4+ positive and increased dermal mucin. However, REM tended to show more scattered and more superficial lymphocytes with more superficial mucin and to have less frequent immunoglobulin and complement depositions along the dermo-epidermal junction. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDCs) were less represented in REM, and were mainly found as single cells differently from LET. CONCLUSIONS REM and LET present some differences in the infiltrate, including PDCs, the mucin deposition and the immunoreactant deposition at the dermo-epidermal junction that justify the distinction of the two diseases and suggest different pathogenetic mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Cinotti
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa and IRCCS San Martino-IST University Hospital, Genoa, Italy; Section of Dermatology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Kuhn A, Landmann A. The classification and diagnosis of cutaneous lupus erythematosus. J Autoimmun 2014; 48-49:14-9. [PMID: 24486120 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2014.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Lupus erythematosus (LE) is an inflammatory connective tissue disease of generalized autoimmunity characterized by pathogenic autoantibodies and immune complexes, attributed to loss of immune tolerance. Cutaneous involvement, which appears in the majority of patients with the disease, can present as LE-specific or LE-nonspecific manifestations. The LE-nonspecific manifestations include e.g. vascular skin changes and may be associated with systemic organ manifestations or other autoimmune diseases. In contrast, the LE-specific manifestations encompass the various subtypes of cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE), which are classified as separate entities without or with less severe systemic organ involvement. In the "Duesseldorf Classification", CLE is subdivided into four different categories: acute CLE (ACLE), subacute CLE (SCLE), chronic CLE (CCLE), and intermittent CLE (ICLE). Differentiation between these subtypes is based on clinical features and average duration of the cutaneous lesions, but can also consider histological changes of skin biopsy specimens and laboratory abnormalities. In addition, direct immunofluorescence and photoprovocation may be applied to confirm the diagnosis in specific cases. Further investigations should be considered dependent on the clinical symptoms of the CLE patient and the results of the laboratory tests. A revised scoring system, the Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus Disease Area and Severity Index (RCLASI) has recently been validated to assess disease activity and damage in CLE. In this review, we focus on the classification of CLE and the diagnostic procedures to identify and confirm the different subtypes of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annegret Kuhn
- Department of Dermatology, University of Muenster, Germany; Division of Immunogenetics, Tumor Immunology Program, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Aysche Landmann
- Division of Immunogenetics, Tumor Immunology Program, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Sidhu HK, Dukes GD, Goldenberg G. Dermatopathology of rheumatologic diseases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1586/edm.12.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|