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Toro-Hernández FD, Migeot J, Marchant N, Olivares D, Ferrante F, González-Gómez R, González Campo C, Fittipaldi S, Rojas-Costa GM, Moguilner S, Slachevsky A, Chaná Cuevas P, Ibáñez A, Chaigneau S, García AM. Neurocognitive correlates of semantic memory navigation in Parkinson's disease. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2024; 10:15. [PMID: 38195756 PMCID: PMC10776628 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-024-00630-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Cognitive studies on Parkinson's disease (PD) reveal abnormal semantic processing. Most research, however, fails to indicate which conceptual properties are most affected and capture patients' neurocognitive profiles. Here, we asked persons with PD, healthy controls, and individuals with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD, as a disease control group) to read concepts (e.g., 'sun') and list their features (e.g., hot). Responses were analyzed in terms of ten word properties (including concreteness, imageability, and semantic variability), used for group-level comparisons, subject-level classification, and brain-behavior correlations. PD (but not bvFTD) patients produced more concrete and imageable words than controls, both patterns being associated with overall cognitive status. PD and bvFTD patients showed reduced semantic variability, an anomaly which predicted semantic inhibition outcomes. Word-property patterns robustly classified PD (but not bvFTD) patients and correlated with disease-specific hypoconnectivity along the sensorimotor and salience networks. Fine-grained semantic assessments, then, can reveal distinct neurocognitive signatures of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Diego Toro-Hernández
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, São Paulo, Brazil
- Center for Social and Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile
| | - Joaquín Migeot
- Center for Social and Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile
- Latin American Brain Health Institute, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicolás Marchant
- Center for Social and Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela Olivares
- Center for Social and Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratorio de Neuropsicología y Neurociencias Clínicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Franco Ferrante
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Universidad de San Andrés, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Raúl González-Gómez
- Center for Social and Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile
- Latin American Brain Health Institute, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cecilia González Campo
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Universidad de San Andrés, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sol Fittipaldi
- Latin American Brain Health Institute, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Universidad de San Andrés, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; & Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gonzalo M Rojas-Costa
- Department of Radiology, Clínica las Condes, Santiago, Chile
- Advanced Epilepsy Center, Clínica las Condes, Santiago, Chile
- Join Unit FISABIO-CIPF, Valencia, Spain
- School of Medicine, Finis Terrae University, Santiago, Chile
- Health Innovation Center, Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sebastian Moguilner
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; & Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Andrea Slachevsky
- Memory and Neuropsychiatric Center (CMYN), Neurology Department, Hospital del Salvador & Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism (GERO), Santiago, Chile
- Neuropsychology and Clinical Neuroscience Laboratory (LANNEC), Physiopatology Program - Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Neuroscience and East Neuroscience Departments, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Neurology and Psychiatry Department, Clínica Alemana-Universidad Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pedro Chaná Cuevas
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Agustín Ibáñez
- Latin American Brain Health Institute, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Universidad de San Andrés, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; & Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sergio Chaigneau
- Center for Social and Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Cognition Research, School of Psychology, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile
| | - Adolfo M García
- Latin American Brain Health Institute, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile.
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Universidad de San Andrés, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; & Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.
- Departamento de Lingüística y Literatura, Facultad de Humanidades, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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Graneri J, Dansilio S, Martínez-Cuitiño M, Grasso L, Cantore MS, Brasca L. Dissociation between function and manipulation in semantic representations of motor impaired subjects: A new test. Cogn Neuropsychol 2022; 39:208-226. [PMID: 36056549 DOI: 10.1080/02643294.2022.2114825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A fundamental problem in semantic cognition is the representation of human concepts in the brain. Much of the knowledge acquired in the last decades comes from the study of dissociations found in patients with acquired difficulties in language, perception, and action. In particular, some deficits involve loss of knowledge about tools. The dissociation between two relevant aspects of tools, function and manipulation, has been the focus of several studies. In this paper, a new test designed to study the dissociation between function and manipulation is proposed and normative values for a control population are provided. This novel test was additionally administered to and evaluated in a group of Parkinson's disease patients. The Graded-Controlled Hub-and-Spoke model of Lambon Ralph, Jefferies, Patterson and Rogers was used as a theoretical guide to interpret the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Graneri
- Institute of Mathematics and Statistics Prof. Ing. Rafael Laguardia (IMERL), Faculty of Engineering, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Sergio Dansilio
- Department of Neuropsychology, Clinical Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay.,Institute of Fundamentals in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Macarena Martínez-Cuitiño
- Neuropsychology and Language Laboratory Research, LINL, INECO Foundation, Favaloro University, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,National Scientific and Technical Council (CONICET), Argentina.,Faculty of Psychology, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lina Grasso
- Psychology and Psychopedagogy Centre Research (CIPP) Catholic University of Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Spanish Hospital of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Luciana Brasca
- Research and Rehabilitation Centre Dr. Esteban Laureano Maradona, Santa Fe, Argentina
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3
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Cardona JF, Grisales-Cardenas JS, Trujillo-Llano C, Diazgranados JA, Urquina HF, Cardona S, Torres A, Torres LA, Gonzalez LM, Jaramillo T, Cediel J, Oñate-Cadena N, Mateus-Ferro G, Marmolejo-Ramos F. Semantic Memory and Lexical Availability in Parkinson's Disease: A Statistical Learning Study. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:697065. [PMID: 34393760 PMCID: PMC8361833 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.697065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that causes a progressive impairment in motor and cognitive functions. Although semantic fluency deficits have been described in PD, more specific semantic memory (SM) and lexical availability (LA) domains have not been previously addressed. Here, we aimed to characterize the cognitive performance of PD patients in a set of SM and LA measures and determine the smallest set of neuropsychological (lexical, semantic, or executive) variables that most accurately classify groups. Thirty early-stage non-demented PD patients (age 35–75, 10 females) and thirty healthy controls (age 36–76, 12 females) were assessed via general cognitive, SM [three subtests of the CaGi battery including living (i.e., elephant) and non-living things (i.e., fork)], and LA (eliciting words from 10 semantic categories related to everyday life) measures. Results showed that PD patients performed lower than controls in two SM global scores (picture naming and naming in response to an oral description). This impairment was particularly pronounced in the non-living things subscale. Also, the number of words in the LA measure was inferior in PD patients than controls, in both larger and smaller semantic fields, showing a more inadequate recall strategy. Notably, the classification algorithms indicated that the SM task had high classification accuracy. In particular, the denomination of non-living things had a classification accuracy of ∼80%. These results suggest that frontostriatal deterioration in PD leads to search strategy deficits in SF and the potential disruption in semantic categorization. These findings are consistent with the embodied view of cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan F Cardona
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del Valle, Santiago de Cali, Colombia.,Centro de Investigación en Neurociencia Clínica y Comportamental (CINCCO), Universidad del Valle, Santiago de Cali, Colombia
| | - Johan S Grisales-Cardenas
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del Valle, Santiago de Cali, Colombia.,Centro de Investigación en Neurociencia Clínica y Comportamental (CINCCO), Universidad del Valle, Santiago de Cali, Colombia
| | - Catalina Trujillo-Llano
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del Valle, Santiago de Cali, Colombia.,Centro de Investigación en Neurociencia Clínica y Comportamental (CINCCO), Universidad del Valle, Santiago de Cali, Colombia
| | - Jesús A Diazgranados
- Centro Médico de Atención Neurológica "Neurólogos de Occidente", Santiago de Cali, Colombia
| | - Hugo F Urquina
- Centro de Investigación en Neurociencia Clínica y Comportamental (CINCCO), Universidad del Valle, Santiago de Cali, Colombia
| | - Sebastián Cardona
- Centro de Investigación en Neurociencia Clínica y Comportamental (CINCCO), Universidad del Valle, Santiago de Cali, Colombia
| | - Alejandra Torres
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del Valle, Santiago de Cali, Colombia.,Centro de Investigación en Neurociencia Clínica y Comportamental (CINCCO), Universidad del Valle, Santiago de Cali, Colombia
| | - Liliana A Torres
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del Valle, Santiago de Cali, Colombia
| | - Lina M Gonzalez
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del Valle, Santiago de Cali, Colombia.,Centro de Investigación en Neurociencia Clínica y Comportamental (CINCCO), Universidad del Valle, Santiago de Cali, Colombia
| | - Tania Jaramillo
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del Valle, Santiago de Cali, Colombia.,Centro de Investigación en Neurociencia Clínica y Comportamental (CINCCO), Universidad del Valle, Santiago de Cali, Colombia
| | - Judith Cediel
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del Valle, Santiago de Cali, Colombia.,Centro de Investigación en Neurociencia Clínica y Comportamental (CINCCO), Universidad del Valle, Santiago de Cali, Colombia
| | | | - Geral Mateus-Ferro
- Departamento de Lenguas, Universidad Pedagógica Nacional, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Fernando Marmolejo-Ramos
- Centre for Change and Complexity in Learning, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Dion C, Frank BE, Crowley SJ, Hizel LP, Rodriguez K, Tanner JJ, Libon DJ, Price CC. Parkinson's Disease Cognitive Phenotypes Show Unique Clock Drawing Features when Measured with Digital Technology. JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2021; 11:779-791. [PMID: 33682726 PMCID: PMC8108094 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-202399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A companion paper (Crowley et al., 2020) reports on the neuroimaging and neuropsychological profiles of statistically determined idiopathic non-dementia Parkinson's disease (PD). OBJECTIVE The current investigation sought to further examine subtle behavioral clock drawing differences within the same PD cohort by comparing 1) PD to non-PD peers on digitally acquired clock drawing latency and graphomotor metrics, and 2) PD memory, executive, and cognitively well phenotypes on the same variables. METHODS 230 matched participants (115 PD, 115 non-PD) completed neuropsychological tests and dCDT. Statistically-derived PD cognitive phenotypes characterized PD participants as PD low executive (PDExe; n = 25), PD low memory (PDMem; n = 34), PD cognitively well (PDWell; n = 56). Using a Bayesian framework and based on apriori hypotheses, we compared groups on: total completion time (TCT), pre-first hand latency (PFHL), post-clock face latency (PCFL), total clock face area (TCFA), and total number of pen strokes. RESULTS Fewer strokes and slower performance to command were associated with higher odds of PD diagnosis, while a larger clock face in the copy condition was associated with lower odds of PD diagnosis. Within PD cognitive phenotypes, slower performance (TCT, PCFL) and smaller clock face to command were associated with higher odds of being PDExe than PDWell, whereas larger clock faces associated with higher odds of being PDMem than PDWell. Longer disease duration, more pen strokes (command) and smaller clocks (command) associated with higher odds of being PDExe than PDWell. CONCLUSION Digitally-acquired clock drawing profiles differ between PD and non-PD peers, and distinguish PD cognitive phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Dion
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Brandon E Frank
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Samuel J Crowley
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Loren P Hizel
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Katie Rodriguez
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jared J Tanner
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - David J Libon
- Departments of Geriatrics and Gerontology and Psychology, School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University, Stratford, NJ, USA
| | - Catherine C Price
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Perioperative Cognitive Anesthesia Network, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Navarro MC, Marmolejo-Ramos F, Vásquez V, Carrea B, Vélez JI, Mebarak Chams M. An Exploratory Study for Assessment of Multimodal Semantic Memory in Colombian Children. Int J Psychol Res (Medellin) 2020; 13:49-58. [PMID: 33329877 PMCID: PMC7735520 DOI: 10.21500/20112084.4847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Semantic memory (SM) is a type of long-term memory associated with the storage of general information about the world. Here we assessed the characteristics of the SM battery, developed by Catricalà et al. (2013), in a sample of Colombian children. This battery was originally conceived to evaluate adults, and features six subtests that assess SM in different modalities, using a common set of 48 stimuli in both living and nonliving categories. The design of the current study is of a cross-sectional and exploratory type. The sample was composed of 111 children, 57 boys (51%) and 54 girls (49%), who were 6 (n = 68) and 7 (n = 43) years old and had no intellectual disability. Robust linear regression models and correlation networks were used. We found an effect of age on general intelligence after correcting for gender, and no differences on the six subtest scores after corrections for gender and age were performed. Furthermore, age was found to be positively associated with the naming of colored photographs (β = .75, p = .039), naming in response to an oral description (β = 1.81, p = .039), picture sorting at four levels (β = 7.22, p = .029), and sentence verification (β = 26.66, p = .01). In addition, there were differences between the results obtained in adults in the original study and in the children of our study. This exploratory study supports the feasibility of the Spanish translation of the Catricalà et al. (2013) battery to assess SM in children with a nonclinical condition. Future studies are needed to evaluate the psychometric properties of this SM battery, and to corroborate and expand our findings in a larger sample of control children, and in children with some degree of intellectual disability or suffering of some neurodegenerative or psychiatric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- María C Navarro
- . Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia. Universidad del Norte Universidad del Norte Barranquilla Colombia
| | - Fernando Marmolejo-Ramos
- . Center for Change and Complexity in Learning, The University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia. University of South Australia University of South Australia Adelaide Australia
| | - Valentina Vásquez
- . Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia. Universidad del Norte Universidad del Norte Barranquilla Colombia
| | - Bárbara Carrea
- Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia. Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Bogotá Colombia
| | - Jorge I Vélez
- . Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia. Universidad del Norte Universidad del Norte Barranquilla Colombia
| | - Moisés Mebarak Chams
- . Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia. Universidad del Norte Universidad del Norte Barranquilla Colombia
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Iyer KK, Au TR, Angwin AJ, Copland DA, Dissanayaka NNW. Source activity during emotion processing and its relationship to cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease. J Affect Disord 2019; 253:327-335. [PMID: 31078832 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neural mechanisms contributing to an underlying cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease (PD) are poorly understood. An effective method to probe cognitive processing deficits in PD is the examination of brain activity during emotional processes, particularly in explicit language emotion recognition contexts. METHODS The present study utilised cortical source imaging of event related potentials (ERP) from electroencephalography (EEG) to evaluate valence judgements on negative and neutral target words in an automatic affective priming paradigm. Fifty non-demented PD patients, unmedicated for depression or anxiety, completed affective priming tasks during EEG monitoring. Cognitive impairment was measured using the validated Parkinson's Disease-Cognitive Rating Scale (PD-CRS). RESULTS Results reveal that compared to healthy age-matched controls, PD patients demonstrate a reduced N400 activation during affective priming tasks in bilateral regions of the middle frontal gyrus (MFG), inferior parietal lobule (IPL) and, notably, have a late wave ERP component (LPP) in left MFG, present between 600 and 800 ms, following family-wise error correction (pFWE < 0.05). LPP in PD patients were significantly associated with PD-CRS scores. LIMITATIONS Although affective priming paradigms are an effective means for various domains of cognition, it is not a focused cognitive behavioural test for cognitive dysfunction. Our study is thus limited to a surrogate measure of cognitive dysfunction via examination of emotional word processing cues. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that source imaging methods with ERP paradigms in PD are effective in identifying delayed cognitive processes in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartik K Iyer
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, The University of Queensland, Building 71/918, Herston, QLD 4029, Brisbane, Australia; School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4067, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Tiffany R Au
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, The University of Queensland, Building 71/918, Herston, QLD 4029, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Anthony J Angwin
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4067, Brisbane, Australia
| | - David A Copland
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, The University of Queensland, Building 71/918, Herston, QLD 4029, Brisbane, Australia; School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4067, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Nadeeka N W Dissanayaka
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, The University of Queensland, Building 71/918, Herston, QLD 4029, Brisbane, Australia; Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD 4029, Brisbane, Australia; School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4067, Brisbane, Australia.
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7
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Characteristics of gray matter morphological change in Parkinson’s disease patients with semantic abstract reasoning deficits. Neurosci Lett 2018; 673:85-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Chung SJ, Yoo HS, Oh JS, Kim JS, Ye BS, Sohn YH, Lee PH. Effect of striatal dopamine depletion on cognition in de novo Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2018. [PMID: 29526657 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2018.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To investigate the relationship between the sub-regional pattern of striatal dopamine depletion and cognitive impairment in early-stage Parkinson's disease (PD), and determine the effect of striatal dopamine density on cognitive prognosis. METHODS Patients with drug-naïve non-demented PD were divided into mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI; n = 129) and cognitively normal (PD-CogN; n = 182) groups. Using quantification of the dopamine transporter (DAT) availability in each striatal sub-region with 18F-FP-CIT PET scans, we performed inter-group comparative analysis of DAT availability and multivariate linear regression analysis to assess the association between DAT availability and cognitive performance. Additionally, the effect of baseline DAT availability on the cognitive decline across time as well as on changes in the cognitive status was estimated. RESULTS The PD-MCI group exhibited more severely decreased DAT availability in all the striatal sub-regions compared to the PD-CogN group, although there was no significant difference in PD duration. The DAT availability in the caudate, anterior putamen, and ventral striatum was directly associated with attention/working memory, frontal/executive, and visuospatial functions, while the DAT availability of the posterior putamen was not. However, the baseline DAT availability of the striatal sub-regions did not influence the cognitive decline or cognitive status in the longitudinal cognitive assessment. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that striatal DAT availability may determine MCI in patients with de novo PD. Dopamine loss in the associative and limbic striatum is closely linked to cognitive deficits in early-stage PD, although it does not affect cognitive prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok Jong Chung
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Han Soo Yoo
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jungsu S Oh
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Seung Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byoung Seok Ye
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young H Sohn
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Phil Hyu Lee
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Roll EE, Giovannetti T, Libon DJ, Eppig J. Everyday task knowledge and everyday function in dementia. J Neuropsychol 2017; 13:96-120. [DOI: 10.1111/jnp.12135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emily E. Roll
- Department of Psychology; Temple University; Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
- Department of Psychology; Drexel University; Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
| | - Tania Giovannetti
- Department of Psychology; Temple University; Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
| | - David J. Libon
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology; New Jersey Institute for Successful Aging; School of Osteopathic Medicine-Rowan University; Stratford New Jersey USA
| | - Joel Eppig
- Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology; San Diego State University/University of California; California USA
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cognitive-linguistic impairments in Parkinson's disease (PD) have been well documented; however, few studies have explored the neurophysiological underpinnings of semantic deficits in PD. This study investigated semantic function in PD using event-related potentials. METHODS Eighteen people with PD and 18 healthy controls performed a semantic judgement task on written word pairs that were either congruent or incongruent. RESULTS The mean amplitude of the N400 for new incongruent word pairs was similar for both groups, however the onset latency was delayed in the PD group. Further analysis of the data revealed that both groups demonstrated attenuation of the N400 for repeated incongruent trials, as well as attenuation of the P600 component for repeated congruent trials. CONCLUSIONS The presence of N400 congruity and N400 repetition effects in the PD group suggests that semantic processing is generally intact, but with a slower time course as evidenced by the delayed N400. Additional research will be required to determine whether N400 and P600 repetition effects are sensitive to further cognitive decline in PD. (JINS, 2017, 23, 78-89).
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Guidi M, Paciaroni L, Paolini S, Scarpino O, Burn DJ. Semantic profiles in mild cognitive impairment associated with Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. FUNCTIONAL NEUROLOGY 2015; 30:113-8. [PMID: 26415783 PMCID: PMC4610758 DOI: 10.11138/fneur/2015.30.2.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The temporal and the prefrontal cortices have different roles in semantic information processing: the temporal lobe is where knowledge is stored (Graham and Hodges, 1997), whereas the prefrontal cortex is more specifically involved in executive aspects of semantic processing. Relatively little is known about the semantic profiles of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). This observational study investigated naming and semantic questionnaire performances in three groups of subjects: 10 patients with the amnestic-type MCI prodrome of AD (aMCI), 10 patients with early-stage executive-type MCI in PD (MCI-PD), and 10 normal subjects. The MCI-PD subjects demonstrated inferior performances on a semantic questionnaire, whereas the aMCI group displayed modest difficulties in a naming task. These differences may be explained by topographical differences in pathological involvement. Since the frontal areas are more functionally impaired in PD, we hypothesize that the semantic deficit may be a consequence of a deficiency in control of semantic processing. On the other hand, the semantic deficit in aMCI may be related to a lexical-semantic storage dysfunction resulting from pathological involvement of the temporal lobe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Guidi
- Neurology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, AORMN, Pesaro, Italy
| | | | - Susy Paolini
- Neurology Unit, Geriatric Hospital, INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - David J. Burn
- Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Phillips L, Litcofsky KA, Pelster M, Gelfand M, Ullman MT, Charles PD. Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation impacts language in early Parkinson's disease. PLoS One 2012; 7:e42829. [PMID: 22880117 PMCID: PMC3413674 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0042829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2011] [Accepted: 07/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Although deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the basal ganglia improves motor outcomes in Parkinson's disease (PD), its effects on cognition, including language, remain unclear. This study examined the impact of subthalamic nucleus (STN) DBS on two fundamental capacities of language, grammatical and lexical functions. These functions were tested with the production of regular and irregular past-tenses, which contrast aspects of grammatical (regulars) and lexical (irregulars) processing while controlling for multiple potentially confounding factors. Aspects of the motor system were tested by contrasting the naming of manipulated (motor) and non-manipulated (non-motor) objects. Performance was compared between healthy controls and early-stage PD patients treated with either DBS/medications or medications alone. Patients were assessed on and off treatment, with controls following a parallel testing schedule. STN-DBS improved naming of manipulated (motor) but not non-manipulated (non-motor) objects, as compared to both controls and patients with just medications, who did not differ from each other across assessment sessions. In contrast, STN-DBS led to worse performance at regulars (grammar) but not irregulars (lexicon), as compared to the other two subject groups, who again did not differ. The results suggest that STN-DBS negatively impacts language in early PD, but may be specific in depressing aspects of grammatical and not lexical processing. The finding that STN-DBS affects both motor and grammar (but not lexical) functions strengthens the view that both depend on basal ganglia circuitry, although the mechanisms for its differential impact on the two (improved motor, impaired grammar) remain to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Phillips
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- * E-mail: (LP); (MU); (PDC)
| | - Kaitlyn A. Litcofsky
- Brain and Language Lab, Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America
- Department of Psychology, Center for Language Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Michael Pelster
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Matthew Gelfand
- Brain and Language Lab, Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America
| | - Michael T. Ullman
- Brain and Language Lab, Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America
- * E-mail: (LP); (MU); (PDC)
| | - P. David Charles
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- * E-mail: (LP); (MU); (PDC)
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Tremblay C, Monchi O, Hudon C, Macoir J, Monetta L. Are verbal fluency and nonliteral language comprehension deficits related to depressive symptoms in Parkinson's disease? PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2012; 2012:308501. [PMID: 22496988 PMCID: PMC3306925 DOI: 10.1155/2012/308501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2011] [Revised: 11/17/2011] [Accepted: 11/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Depression in Parkinson's disease (PD) is frequently associated with executive deficits, which can influence nonliteral comprehension and lexical access. This study explores whether depressive symptoms in PD modulate verbal fluency and nonliteral language comprehension. Twelve individuals with PD without depressive symptoms, 13 with PD and depressive symptoms (PDDSs), and 13 healthy controls completed a semantic and phonemic verbal fluency task and an indirect speech acts comprehension task. All groups had the same performance in the phonemic fluency task while the PDDS group was impaired in the semantic task. For the indirect speech act comprehension task, no difference was observed between the groups. However, the PDDS group had difficulty answering direct speech act questions. As some language impairments in PD become apparent when depressive symptoms are associated with the disease, it would appear to be important to take the presence of depressive symptoms into account when evaluating language abilities in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Tremblay
- Département de Réadaptation, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, QC, Canada G1V 0A6
- Centre de Recherche Université Laval Robert Giffard, 2601 Rue de la Canardière, Québec, QC, Canada G1J 2G3
| | - Oury Monchi
- Functional Neuroimaging Unit, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada H3W 1W5
| | - Carol Hudon
- Centre de Recherche Université Laval Robert Giffard, 2601 Rue de la Canardière, Québec, QC, Canada G1J 2G3
- École de psychologie, Université Laval, QC, Canada G1V 0A6
| | - Joël Macoir
- Département de Réadaptation, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, QC, Canada G1V 0A6
- Centre de Recherche Université Laval Robert Giffard, 2601 Rue de la Canardière, Québec, QC, Canada G1J 2G3
| | - Laura Monetta
- Département de Réadaptation, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, QC, Canada G1V 0A6
- Centre de Recherche Université Laval Robert Giffard, 2601 Rue de la Canardière, Québec, QC, Canada G1J 2G3
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Arnott WL, Copland DA, Chenery HJ, Murdoch BE, Silburn PA, Angwin AJ. The influence of dopamine on automatic and controlled semantic activation in Parkinson's disease. PARKINSONS DISEASE 2011; 2011:157072. [PMID: 22135759 PMCID: PMC3216283 DOI: 10.4061/2011/157072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2011] [Revised: 09/15/2011] [Accepted: 09/26/2011] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Two semantic priming
tasks, designed to isolate automatic and
controlled semantic activation, were utilized to
investigate the impact of dopamine depletion on
semantic processing in Parkinson's disease
(PD). Seven people with PD (tested whilst on and
off levodopa medication) and seven healthy
adults participated in the study. The healthy
adult participants demonstrated intact automatic
and controlled semantic activation. Aberrant
controlled semantic activation was observed in
the PD group on levodopa; however, automatic
semantic activation was still evident. In
contrast, automatic semantic activation was not
evident in the PD group off levodopa. These
results further clarify the impact of PD on
semantic processing, demonstrating that dopamine
depletion can cause disturbances in both
automatic and controlled semantic
activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy L Arnott
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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15
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Rzezak P, Guimarães C, Fuentes D, Guerreiro MM, Valente KDR. Episodic and semantic memory in children with mesial temporal sclerosis. Epilepsy Behav 2011; 21:242-7. [PMID: 21543263 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2011.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2011] [Revised: 02/22/2011] [Accepted: 03/27/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze semantic and episodic memory deficits in children with mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS) and their correlation with clinical epilepsy variables. For this purpose, 19 consecutive children and adolescents with MTS (8 to 16 years old) were evaluated and their performance on five episodic memory tests (short- and long-term memory and learning) and four semantic memory tests was compared with that of 28 healthy volunteers. Patients performed worse on tests of immediate and delayed verbal episodic memory, visual episodic memory, verbal and visual learning, mental scanning for semantic clues, object naming, word definition, and repetition of sentences. Clinical variables such as early age at seizure onset, severity of epilepsy, and polytherapy impaired distinct types of memory. These data confirm that children with MTS have episodic memory deficits and add new information on semantic memory. The data also demonstrate that clinical variables contribute differently to episodic and semantic memory performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Rzezak
- LIM-21, Laboratory for Medical Research 21-Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil.
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16
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Copland DA, Sefe G, Ashley J, Hudson C, Chenery HJ. Impaired semantic inhibition during lexical ambiguity repetition in Parkinson's disease. Cortex 2009; 45:943-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2009.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2008] [Revised: 12/28/2008] [Accepted: 02/25/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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17
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Semantic activation in Parkinson's disease patients on and off levodopa. Cortex 2009; 45:950-9. [PMID: 19356748 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2009.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2008] [Revised: 11/06/2008] [Accepted: 02/16/2009] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Research suggests that dopamine may exert a neuromodulatory influence on automatic spreading activation within semantic networks. In order to investigate the influence of dopamine depletion on semantic activation in Parkinson's disease (PD), nine patients with PD performed a lexical decision task when on and off levodopa medication. Eleven healthy controls matched to the PD patients in terms of sex, age and education also participated in the study. Both directly related word pairs (e.g., tiger - stripe) and indirectly related word pairs (word pairs related via a mediating word, e.g., chalk - black) were used to measure semantic activation across stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs) of 270msec, 520msec and 1020msec. Analysis of variance statistics revealed that the activation of directly related and indirectly related targets was slower for the PD group relative to the control group. Within group comparisons revealed further changes to semantic activation in PD patients off medication, with no activation of directly or indirectly related target words evident in PD patients off medication. These results further clarify the nature of dopamine's neuromodulatory influence on semantic activation, and suggest that the nature of altered semantic activation in PD may depend on the magnitude of dopamine depletion.
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18
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Angwin AJ, Chenery HJ, Copland DA, Murdoch BE, Silburn PA. The speed of lexical activation is altered in Parkinson's disease. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2007; 29:73-85. [PMID: 17162724 DOI: 10.1080/13803390500507188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Disturbed comprehension of complex noncanonical sentences in Parkinson's disease (PD) has been linked to dopamine depletion and delayed lexical retrieval. The aim of the present study was to replicate findings of delayed lexical activation in PD patients with noncanonical sentence processing difficulties, and investigate the influence of dopamine depletion on these changes to lexical access. In the first experiment, 20 patients with PD (tested whilst 'on' dopaminergic medication) and 23 controls participated in a list priming experiment. In this paradigm, stimuli are presented as a continuous list of words/nonwords, and semantic priming effects were measured across inter-stimulus intervals (ISIs) of 500 ms, 1000 ms and 1500 ms, with data analyzed using multivariate analyses of variance. The results revealed longer delays in lexical activation for PD patients with poor comprehension of noncanonical sentences, suggesting that the speed of lexical access may be compromised in PD, and that this feature may contribute to certain sentencecomprehension difficulties. In the second experiment, 7 patients with PD who participated in the first experiment, performed the same lexical decision task while 'off' their dopaminergic medication. Semantic priming effects were measured across ISIs of 500 ms and 1500 ms. Within group comparisons revealed a different pattern of semantic priming for the PD patients when 'on' compared to 'off' medication, providing further support for a dopaminergic influence on the speed of information processing and lexical activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J Angwin
- Centre for Research in Language Processing and Linguistics, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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19
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Bodis-Wollner I, Jo MY. Getting around and communicating with the environment: visual cognition and language in Parkinson's disease. JOURNAL OF NEURAL TRANSMISSION. SUPPLEMENTUM 2006:333-8. [PMID: 17017549 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-211-45295-0_50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Vision in PD. In PD an impairment of dopaminergic neurons of the preganglionic retina and a defect of the retinal nerve fibers (axons of the retinal ganglion cells) has been demonstrated and a correlation of loss of spatial contrast sensitivity, with the progression of motor impairment in PD has been described. These low level visual deficits contribute but do not directly explain behavioural visual deficits in PD involving spatial cognition, internal representation, space navigation and visual categorization. Language deficits in non-demented PD patients can include impairments in comprehension, verbal fluency, and naming. Comprehension deficits become evident when patients are required to process sentences with non-canonical, irregular grammatical structures. Semantic memory deficits may result in the impairments in category fluency and confrontational naming. Selective language deficits may be due to impaired dynamics of the "phonological loop" connecting the pre-frontal cortex and the basal ganglia. A more encompassing linguistic and functional model of PD specific language impairments would be useful for evaluating language deficits in the context of motor dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Bodis-Wollner
- Department of Neurology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA.
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20
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Lee TMC, Chan CCH, Ho SL, Li LSW. Prose memory in patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2005; 11:453-8. [PMID: 16157503 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2005.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2005] [Revised: 05/29/2005] [Accepted: 05/30/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The findings of previous studies have suggested that verbal memory impairments were observed in people suffering from Parkinson's disease (PD). Very few studies have examined the comprehensive profile of prose memory deficits that challenges people with PD. METHODS Prose memory of 19 patients with PD was examined. Their performance in three constructs, namely recall accuracy, temporal sequence, and distortions, during immediate, delayed and recognition trials was studied. RESULTS The patients with PD performed significantly worse in recall accuracy and temporal sequencing of information in the immediate recall trial. During the recognition trial, they made more false alarms than their healthy counterparts. CONCLUSIONS Our findings confirm that the performance of people with PD in immediate recall of a prose was impaired. However, the level of performance in subsequent learning and delayed recall trials became comparable to that of the normal controls. The deficit remaining after multiple learning trials was the significantly high false alarms committed in the recognition trial. Our findings highlight the importance of qualitative analysis, in addition to quantitative evaluation, of prose memory in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatia M C Lee
- Neuropsychology Laboratory, Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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21
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Laatu S, Revonsuo A, Pihko L, Portin R, Rinne JO. Visual object recognition deficits in early Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2004; 10:227-33. [PMID: 15120097 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2004.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2003] [Revised: 02/09/2004] [Accepted: 02/13/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The nature of the visual perception deficits in Parkinson's disease (PD) has remained unclear. The present study explored whether there emerge deficits in the different stages of visual object recognition in early PD. Twenty-eight patients and 14 healthy controls were studied. A set of reaction time tasks were applied to measure the different stages of object recognition. The results indicate some selective problems in both basic perceptual and semantic visual processing at an early stage of cognitive deterioration in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sari Laatu
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Turku, Assistenkatu 7, 20014, University of Turku, Finland.
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22
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Laatu S, Revonsuo A, Jäykkä H, Portin R, Rinne JO. Visual object recognition in early Alzheimer's disease: deficits in semantic processing. Acta Neurol Scand 2003; 108:82-9. [PMID: 12859283 DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0404.2003.00097.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of the present study was to divide visual object recognition into different stages and to reveal which of these stages are impaired in early Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS Performance in object detection, familiarity detection, semantic name and word categorization, and identification with naming were studied by using two-choice reaction-time tasks. Ten patients with newly diagnosed AD and 14 healthy subjects were studied. RESULTS Patients with early AD had impairments in several stages of the object recognition process. After controlling for the basic visuomotor slowness, they were as fast and as accurate as the controls in object detection, but had difficulties in all stages that required semantic processing. CONCLUSIONS Semantic memory impairments contribute to the deficits in visual object recognition in early AD. Thus, the semantic memory deficit may be manifested in several ways in the difficulties that AD patients experience in everyday life.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Laatu
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Turku, Finland.
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23
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Seinelä A, Hämäläinen P, Koivisto M, Ruutiainen J. Conscious and unconscious uses of memory in multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Sci 2002; 198:79-85. [PMID: 12039667 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-510x(02)00082-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Conscious and unconscious uses of memory and priming were studied in 30 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and 15 normal control (NC) subjects. MS patients were classified into two subgroups according to their cognitive status; 15 of them were cognitively deteriorated (the MS-D group) and 15 cognitively preserved (the MS-P group). A process dissociation procedure [J. Mem. Lang. 30 (1991) 513] was used to separate conscious and unconscious memory performance in a word stem completion task. The results showed that the MS-D group had deficient conscious memory performance, but had intact unconscious memory as well as priming. The MS-P group showed normal conscious and unconscious uses of memory and priming. Thus, in MS-related cognitive decline, conscious memory seems to be vulnerable, whereas unconscious memory remains intact. The results provide neuropsychological support for the distinction between conscious and unconscious memory processes. Moreover, the results show the importance of studying cognitively homogenous MS groups as opposed to heterogenous ones, in order to find the underlying mechanisms of memory deficits in MS. Interestingly, the neural systems needed for the unconscious use of memory do not seem to deteriorate even in MS patients with deficient overall cognitive capacity. This finding encourages the development of future rehabilitation programs, suggesting that unconscious remembering might help MS patients with deficient conscious memory to cope with their daily activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arja Seinelä
- Masku Neurological Rehabilitation Centre, P.O. Box 15, FIN-21251 Masku, Finland.
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Bell BD, Hermann BP, Woodard AR, Jones JE, Rutecki PA, Sheth R, Dow CC, Seidenberg M. Object naming and semantic knowledge in temporal lobe epilepsy. Neuropsychology 2001; 15:434-43. [PMID: 11761032 DOI: 10.1037/0894-4105.15.4.434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Object-naming impairment is common among temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients, but other aspects of semantic memory have received limited attention in this population. This study examined object-naming ability and depth of semantic knowledge in healthy controls (n = 29) and patients with early onset TLE (n = 21). After administration of the Boston Naming Test (BNT), the authors asked participants to provide detailed definitions of 6 BNT objects. The TLE group demonstrated a significant deficit relative to controls in both object-naming ability and semantic knowledge for the target objects, even after controlling for IQ. In a multiple regression analysis that included other neuropsychological test scores as independent variables, the semantic knowledge score was the only significant predictor of patients' object-naming performance. Thus, at the group level, early onset TLE patients have a semantic knowledge deficit that contributes to dysnomia.
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Affiliation(s)
- B D Bell
- Matthews Neuropsychology Laboratory, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 53792, USA.
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