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Yu RC, Proctor D, Soni J, Pikett L, Livingston G, Lewis G, Schilder A, Bamiou D, Mandavia R, Omar R, Pavlou M, Lin F, Goman AM, Gonzalez SC. Adult-onset hearing loss and incident cognitive impairment and dementia - A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 98:102346. [PMID: 38788800 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We comprehensively summarized the cohort evidence to date on adult-onset hearing loss as risk factor for incident cognitive impairment and dementia, and examined the evidence for dose-response, risk for various dementia subtypes, and other moderators. Previous meta-analyses were less comprehensive. METHODS We included cohort studies with participants without dementia and with hearing assessments at baseline, minimum 2 years follow-up and incident cognitive outcomes. We used random-effect models and subgroup and meta-regression on moderator analyses. RESULTS We identified fifty studies (N=1,548,754). Hearing loss (yes/no) was associated with incident dementia risk (HR=1.35 [95% CI = 1.26 - 1.45), mild cognitive impairment (MCI HR=1.29 [95% CI = 1.11 - 1.50]), cognitive decline not specified as MCI or dementia (HR=1.29 [95% CI = 1.17 - 1.42]), and Alzheimer's disease dementia (ADD, HR=1.56 [95% CI = 1.30 - 1.87]), but not with vascular dementia (HR, 1.30 [95% CI = 0.83 - 2.05]). Each 10-decibel worsening of hearing was associated with a 16% increase in dementia risk (95% CI = 1.07 - 1.27). The effect of hearing loss did not vary across potential moderators. CONCLUSIONS Cohort studies consistently support that adult-onset hearing loss increases the risk of incident cognitive decline, dementia, MCI, and ADD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruan-Ching Yu
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, 6th Floor, Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 7NF, England
| | - Danielle Proctor
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, England
| | - Janvi Soni
- Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, Pond Street, Rosslyn Hill, London NW3 2QG, England
| | - Liam Pikett
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, 6th Floor, Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 7NF, England
| | - Gill Livingston
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, 6th Floor, Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 7NF, England
| | - Glyn Lewis
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, 6th Floor, Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 7NF, England
| | - Anne Schilder
- The Ear Institute, University College London, 332 Grays Inn Rd, London WC1X 8EE, England
| | - Doris Bamiou
- The Ear Institute, University College London, 332 Grays Inn Rd, London WC1X 8EE, England
| | - Rishi Mandavia
- The Ear Institute, University College London, 332 Grays Inn Rd, London WC1X 8EE, England
| | - Rumana Omar
- The Ear Institute, University College London, 332 Grays Inn Rd, London WC1X 8EE, England
| | - Menelaos Pavlou
- Department of Statistical Science, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, England
| | - Frank Lin
- Center on Aging and Health, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 2024 E Monument St suite 2-700, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Adele M Goman
- School of Health and Social Care, Edinburgh Napier University, 9 Sighthill Ct, Edinburgh EH11 4BN, Scotland
| | - Sergi Costafreda Gonzalez
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, 6th Floor, Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 7NF, England.
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Chen Y, Al-Nusaif M, Li S, Tan X, Yang H, Cai H, Le W. Progress on early diagnosing Alzheimer's disease. Front Med 2024; 18:446-464. [PMID: 38769282 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-023-1047-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects both cognition and non-cognition functions. The disease follows a continuum, starting with preclinical stages, progressing to mild cognitive and behavioral impairment, ultimately leading to dementia. Early detection of AD is crucial for better diagnosis and more effective treatment. However, the current AD diagnostic tests of biomarkers using cerebrospinal fluid and/or brain imaging are invasive or expensive, and mostly are still not able to detect early disease state. Consequently, there is an urgent need to develop new diagnostic techniques with higher sensitivity and specificity during the preclinical stages of AD. Various non-cognitive manifestations, including behavioral abnormalities, sleep disturbances, sensory dysfunctions, and physical changes, have been observed in the preclinical AD stage before occurrence of notable cognitive decline. Recent research advances have identified several biofluid biomarkers as early indicators of AD. This review focuses on these non-cognitive changes and newly discovered biomarkers in AD, specifically addressing the preclinical stages of the disease. Furthermore, it is of importance to explore the potential for developing a predictive system or network to forecast disease onset and progression at the early stage of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Chen
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116021, China
| | - Murad Al-Nusaif
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116021, China
| | - Song Li
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116021, China
| | - Xiang Tan
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116021, China
| | - Huijia Yang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116021, China
| | - Huaibin Cai
- Transgenic Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Weidong Le
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116021, China.
- Institute of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, 610072, China.
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Cantuaria ML, Pedersen ER, Waldorff FB, Wermuth L, Pedersen KM, Poulsen AH, Raaschou-Nielsen O, Sørensen M, Schmidt JH. Hearing Loss, Hearing Aid Use, and Risk of Dementia in Older Adults. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2024; 150:157-164. [PMID: 38175662 PMCID: PMC10767640 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2023.3509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Importance Hearing loss has been suggested as a risk factor for dementia, but there is still a need for high-quality research to better understand the association between these 2 conditions and the underlying causal mechanisms and treatment benefits using larger cohorts and detailed data. Objective To investigate the association between hearing loss and incident dementia, as well as how hearing aid use contributes to this association. Design, Setting, and Participants This population-based cohort study was conducted in Southern Denmark between January 2003 and December 2017 and included all residents 50 years and older. We excluded all persons with dementia before baseline as well as those who did not live in the region 5 years before baseline, with incomplete address history, or who had missing covariate information. Exposures Individual hearing status based on the Hearing Examinations in Southern Denmark database, which contains data on all pure-tone audiometry examinations performed at public hearing rehabilitation clinics in Southern Denmark. Main Outcomes and Measures Incident cases of dementia and Alzheimer disease as identified from national registries. Results The study population comprised 573 088 persons (298 006 women [52%]; mean [SD] age, 60.8 [11.3] years) with 23 023 cases of dementia and mean (SD) follow-up of 8.6 (4.3) years. Having a hearing loss was associated with an increased risk of dementia, with an adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 1.07 (95% CI, 1.04-1.11) compared with having no hearing loss. Severe hearing loss in the better and worse ear was associated with a higher dementia risk, with an HR of 1.20 (95% CI, 1.09-1.32) and 1.13 (95% CI, 1.06-1.20), respectively, compared with having no hearing loss in the corresponding ear. Compared with people without hearing loss, the risk of dementia was higher among people with hearing loss who were not using hearing aids than those who had hearing loss and were using hearing aids, with HRs of 1.20 (95% CI, 1.13-1.27) and 1.06 (95% CI, 1.01-1.10), respectively. Conclusions and Relevance The results of this cohort study suggest that hearing loss was associated with increased dementia risk, especially among people not using hearing aids, suggesting that hearing aids might prevent or delay the onset and progression of dementia. The risk estimates were lower than in previous studies, highlighting the need for more high-quality longitudinal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuella Lech Cantuaria
- Research Unit for ORL–Head & Neck Surgery and Audiology, Odense University Hospital & University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Work, Environment and Cancer, Danish Cancer Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ellen Raben Pedersen
- The Maersk Mc-Kinney Moller Institute, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Frans Boch Waldorff
- Department of Public Health, Research Unit for General Practice and Section of General Practice, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Research Unit of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Lene Wermuth
- Department of Neurology, Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse, Denmark
- Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | | | - Ole Raaschou-Nielsen
- Work, Environment and Cancer, Danish Cancer Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Mette Sørensen
- Work, Environment and Cancer, Danish Cancer Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Natural Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Jesper Hvass Schmidt
- Research Unit for ORL–Head & Neck Surgery and Audiology, Odense University Hospital & University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Brain Research–Inter-Disciplinary Guided Excellence, Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Odense Patient data Explorative Network, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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Lelo de Larrea-Mancera ES, Correa-Medina EI, Padilla-Bustos K, Romero Terán DP, Hernández-Medrano AJ, Cerda-Hernández GI, Cervantes-Arriaga A, Rodríguez-Violante M, Gallun FJ, Seitz AR, Solís-Vivanco R. A Characterization of Central Auditory Processing in Parkinson's Disease. JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2024; 14:999-1013. [PMID: 39031381 PMCID: PMC11307037 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-230458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Background Research indicates that people with Parkinson's disease (PwPs) may experience challenges in both peripheral and central auditory processing, although findings are inconsistent across studies. Due to the diversity of auditory measures used, there is a need for standardized, replicable hearing assessments to clarify which aspects of audition are impacted in PWPs and whether they are linked to motor and non-motor symptoms. Objective To characterize auditory processes and their possible alteration in PwPs. To address this, we collected a comprehensive set of standardized measures of audition using PART, a digital testing platform designed to facilitate replication. Additionally, we examined the relationship between auditory, cognitive, and clinical variables in PwPs. Methods We included 44 PwPs and 54 age and education matched healthy controls. Assessments included detection of diotic and dichotic frequency modulation, temporal gaps, spectro-temporal broad-band modulation, and speech-on-speech masking. Results We found no statistically significant differences in auditory processing measures between PwPs and the comparison group (ps > 0.07). In PwPs, an auditory processing composite score showed significant medium size correlations with cognitive measures (0.39 < r<0.41, ps < 0.02) and clinical variables of motor symptom severity, quality of life, depression, and caretaker burden (0.33 < r<0.52, ps < 0.03). Conclusions While larger datasets are needed to clarify whether PwPs experience more auditory difficulties than healthy controls, our results underscore the importance of considering auditory processing on the symptomatic spectrum of Parkinson's disease using standardized replicable methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Sebastian Lelo de Larrea-Mancera
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
- Laboratory of Cognitive and Clinical Neurophysiology, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez (INNNMVS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Erick I. Correa-Medina
- Laboratory of Cognitive and Clinical Neurophysiology, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez (INNNMVS), Mexico City, Mexico
- Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Katia Padilla-Bustos
- Laboratory of Cognitive and Clinical Neurophysiology, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez (INNNMVS), Mexico City, Mexico
- Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Diana Paulina Romero Terán
- Laboratory of Cognitive and Clinical Neurophysiology, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez (INNNMVS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ana Jimena Hernández-Medrano
- Clinical Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, INNNMVS, Mexico City, Mexico
- Data Science Program, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | - Frederick J. Gallun
- Department of Otolaryngology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Aaron R. Seitz
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rodolfo Solís-Vivanco
- Laboratory of Cognitive and Clinical Neurophysiology, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez (INNNMVS), Mexico City, Mexico
- Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
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Littlejohn J, Blackburn DJ, Venneri A. Testing central auditory processing abilities in older adults with and without dementia using the consonant-vowel dichotic listening task. FRONTIERS IN DEMENTIA 2023; 2:1207546. [PMID: 39081992 PMCID: PMC11285700 DOI: 10.3389/frdem.2023.1207546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Background Hearing loss and dementia are linked, although the roles of peripheral and central auditory dysfunction are not well defined. Many behavioral measures of hearing are confounded by the overlapping cognitive functions required to perform the tests. Objective To collect pilot data to identify how central auditory function, measured using a dichotic listening test that indexes both auditory and cognitive components under different attentional conditions, differs among people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), dementia and controls, and how performance relates to neuropsychological results. Method Fifty-eight participants (17 MCI, 11 dementia and 30 controls) undertook hearing screening, the Bergen consonant-vowel dichotic listening paradigm, and a short battery of neuropsychological tests chosen to index attention and executive control. Dichotic listening was assessed under three attentional conditions (non-forced, forced right ear and forced left) amongst older adults with normal cognitive function, MCI and dementia. Results We report two main findings: (a) The expected right ear advantage under non-forced conditions, was seen in controls and patients with dementia but not in people with MCI, who showed equal numbers of correct responses from both ears (i.e., a lack of asymmetry); (b) Performance under forced attentional conditions was significantly associated with disease progression (i.e., control > MCI > dementia) and performance on the cognitive tasks. Conclusion The reduction in asymmetry on dichotic listening tasks may be a marker of MCI and reflect underlying compensatory mechanisms. Use of this test could aid stratification of patients with memory disorders. Whether abnormalities could predict dementia onset needs longitudinal investigation in a larger sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna Littlejohn
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Manchester Centre for Audiology and Deafness, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel J. Blackburn
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Annalena Venneri
- Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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Nguyen TTT, Lee HH, Huang LK, Hu CJ, Yeh CY, Yang WCV, Lin MC. Heterogeneity of Alzheimer's disease identified by neuropsychological test profiling. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292527. [PMID: 37797059 PMCID: PMC10553816 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a highly heterogeneous disorder. Untangling this variability could lead to personalized treatments and improve participant recruitment for clinical trials. We investigated the cognitive subgroups by using a data-driven clustering technique in an AD cohort. People with mild-moderate probable AD from Taiwan was included. Neuropsychological test results from the Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument were clustered using nonnegative matrix factorization. We identified two clusters in 112 patients with predominant deficits in memory (62.5%) and non-memory (37.5%) cognitive domains, respectively. The memory group performed worse in short-term memory and orientation and better in attention than the non-memory group. At baseline, patients in the memory group had worse global cognitive status and dementia severity. Linear mixed effect model did not reveal difference in disease trajectory within 3 years of follow-up between the two clusters. Our results provide insights into the cognitive heterogeneity in probable AD in an Asian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Truc Tran Thanh Nguyen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Division of Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Memory and Dementia Center, Hospital 30–4, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Hsun-Hua Lee
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Dizziness and Balance Disorder Center, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Li-Kai Huang
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, Dementia Center, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chaur-Jong Hu
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, Dementia Center, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Yeh
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Division of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chung Vivian Yang
- The PhD Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chin Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Division of Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Division of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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Byun MS, Chang M, Yi D, Ahn H, Han D, Jeon S, Jang H, Lee DY, Oh SH. Association of Central Auditory Processing Dysfunction With Preclinical Alzheimer's Disease. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023; 169:112-119. [PMID: 36939433 PMCID: PMC10846842 DOI: 10.1002/ohn.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether central auditory processing dysfunction measured by the dichotic digit test-1 digit (DDT1) is present in preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD) individuals who are cognitively normal (CN) older adults with the cerebral beta-amyloid (Aβ) deposition and to explore the potential of the DDT1 as a screening test for preclinical AD. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional design. SETTING A prospective observational cohort study. METHODS CN older adults with a global clinical dementia rating score of 0 were included. The hearing test battery including pure-tone audiometry, speech audiometry, distortion product otoacoustic emission, and DDT1 was administered to participants. RESULTS Fifty CN older adults were included. Among them, 38 individuals were included in the Aβ deposition negative (AN) group and 12 were included in the Aβ deposition positive (AP) group. The DDT1 scores of both the better and worse ears were significantly lower in the AP group than in the AN group (p = .008 and p = .015, respectively). No significant differences were observed between the groups in tests of the peripheral auditory pathways. In multivariable logistic regression analysis adjusted for apolipoprotein E4 positivity, the DDT1 better ear score predicted the AP group (p = .036, odds ratio = 0.892, 95% confidence interval: 0.780-0.985) with relatively high diagnostic accuracy. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that Aβ deposition may affect the central auditory pathway even before cognitive decline appears. DDT1, which can easily be applied to the old-age population, may have the potential as a screening tool for preclinical AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Soo Byun
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Munyoung Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dahyun Yi
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Centre, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyejin Ahn
- Interdisciplinary Program of Cognitive Science, Seoul National University College of Humanities, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dongkyun Han
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seulki Jeon
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyunsook Jang
- Division of Speech Pathology and Audiology, Research Institute of Audiology & Speech Pathology, Hallym University, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, South Korea
| | - Dong Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Centre, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung Ha Oh
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Azeem A, Julleekeea A, Knight B, Sohail I, Bruyns-Haylett M, Sastre M. Hearing loss and its link to cognitive impairment and dementia. FRONTIERS IN DEMENTIA 2023; 2:1199319. [PMID: 39081997 PMCID: PMC11285555 DOI: 10.3389/frdem.2023.1199319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Hearing loss is an important risk factor for the development of dementia, particularly Alzheimer's disease (AD). Mid-life hearing loss increases the risk of developing dementia by double any other single factor. However, given this strong connection between hearing loss and AD, the mechanisms responsible for this link are still unknown. Data from observational studies relating hearing loss and cognitive impairment, measured with standardized questionnaires, has shown a strong relationship between them. Similar findings have emerged from animal studies, showing that the induction of hearing loss via prolonged loud sound exposure or ear canal blocking, can impair cognitive abilities. Interestingly, patients with age-related hearing impairment exhibit increased phosphorylated tau in the cerebrospinal fluid, but no such relationship has been identified for amyloid-β. In addition, hearing loss predisposes to social isolation precipitating the development of dementia through a supposed reduction in cognitive load and processing requirements. Given this link between hearing loss and dementia, the question arises whether the restoration of hearing might mitigate against the onset or progress of AD. Indeed, there is a growing body of research that suggests that those who wear hearing aids for age-related hearing problems maintain better cognitive function over time than those who do not. These are compelling findings, as they suggest the use of hearing aids has the potential to be a cost-effective treatment for those with hearing loss both prior (for those at high risk for AD) and after the development of symptoms. This review aims to summarize the current theories that relate hearing loss and cognitive decline, present the key findings of animal studies, observational studies and summarize the gaps and limitations that need to be addressed in this topic. Through this, we suggest directions for future studies to tackle the lack of adequately randomized control trials in the field. This omission is responsible for the inability to provide a conclusive verdict on whether to use hearing interventions to target hearing-loss related cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Azeem
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Arun Julleekeea
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Beth Knight
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Isha Sohail
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Magdalena Sastre
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Li J, Zhang X, Gesang M, Luo B. The changes of central auditory processing function and its electroencephalogram in patients with mild cognitive impairment and early Alzheimer's disease. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15641. [PMID: 37180907 PMCID: PMC10172894 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study is to assess the central auditory processing (CAP) function and its electroencephalogram (EEG) in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and the early stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods In this study, 25 patients with early AD, 22 patients with MCI, and 22 matched healthy controls (HC) were included. After cognitive assessment, binaural processing function was assessed using the staggered spondaic word (SSW) test, and auditory working memory was assessed by auditory n-back paradigm, while EEG was recorded. Patients' behavioral indicators, event-related potentials (ERPs) components, and function connection (FC) were compared between groups and the related factors were analyzed. Results The difference of the accuracy of behavioral tests for the three groups of subjects was significant and all the behavioral indicators were positively correlated with cognitive function scores. Intergroup differences in amplitude (p < 0.05) and latency (p < 0.01) were significant for P3 in the 1-back paradigm. In the SSW test, AD and MCI patients showed reduced connectivity between the left frontal lobe and the whole brain in the δ-band, while in the n-back paradigm, patients with MCI and early AD showed reduced association of frontal leads with central and parietal leads in the δ-band. Conclusions Patients with MCI and early AD have reduced CAP functions including binaural processing function and auditory working memory functions. This reduction is significantly associated with reduced cognitive function, and is reflected in different patterns of changes in ERP as well as functional connectivity in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarui Li
- Department of Neurology and Brain Medical Center, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Meiduo Gesang
- Department of Neurology, Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Benyan Luo
- Department of Neurology and Brain Medical Center, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
- Corresponding author.
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Lucas JC, Arambula Z, Arambula AM, Yu K, Farrokhian N, D'Silva L, Staecker H, Villwock JA. Olfactory, Auditory, and Vestibular Performance: Multisensory Impairment Is Significantly Associated With Incident Cognitive Impairment. Front Neurol 2022; 13:910062. [PMID: 35899262 PMCID: PMC9309388 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.910062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundDysfunction in the olfactory, auditory, and vestibular systems are commonly seen in aging and are associated with dementia. The impact of sensory loss(es) on cognition is not well understood. Our aim was to assess the relationships between performance on objective multisensory testing and quantify the impact of dysfunction on cognition.MethodsPatients presenting with subjective hearing loss presenting to a tertiary care otologic/audiologic clinic were identified and underwent multisensory testing using the Affordable, Rapid Olfactory Measurement Array (AROMA), pure tone audiometric evaluations, and the Timed “Up and Go” test. Cognitive impairment (CI) was assessed via the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was also administered.Key Results180 patients were enrolled. Thirty one percentage (n = 57) screened positive for cognitive impairment. When evaluating single sensory impairments, we found that olfactory dysfunction, gait impairment, and sensorineural hearing loss were all statistically significantly (p < 0.05) associated with a higher risk of cognitive impairment (ORs 3.89, 3.49, and 2.78, respectively) for CI. Multisensory impairment was significantly associated with cognitive impairment. Subjects with dysfunction in all domains were at the highest risk for cognitive impairment (OR 15.7, p < 0.001) vs. those with impairment in 2 domains (OR 5.32, p < 0.001).ConclusionDysfunction of the olfactory, auditory, and vestibular systems is associated with a significantly increased risk of CI. The dramatically increased risk of CI with multisensory dysfunction in all three systems indicated that MSD may synergistically contribute to CI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob C. Lucas
- Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, United States
- *Correspondence: Jacob C. Lucas
| | - Zack Arambula
- Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Alexandra M. Arambula
- Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Katherine Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Nathan Farrokhian
- Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Linda D'Silva
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Hinrich Staecker
- Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Jennifer A. Villwock
- Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, United States
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McClannahan KS, Mainardi A, Luor A, Chiu YF, Sommers MS, Peelle JE. Spoken Word Recognition in Listeners with Mild Dementia Symptoms. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 90:749-759. [PMID: 36189586 PMCID: PMC9885492 DOI: 10.3233/jad-215606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Difficulty understanding speech is a common complaint of older adults. In quiet, speech perception is often assumed to be relatively automatic. However, higher-level cognitive processes play a key role in successful communication in noise. Limited cognitive resources in adults with dementia may therefore hamper word recognition. OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to determine the impact of mild dementia on spoken word recognition in quiet and noise. METHODS Participants were 53-86 years with (n = 16) or without (n = 32) dementia symptoms as classified by the Clinical Dementia Rating scale. Participants performed a word identification task with two levels of word difficulty (few and many similar sounding words) in quiet and in noise at two signal-to-noise ratios, +6 and +3 dB. Our hypothesis was that listeners with mild dementia symptoms would have more difficulty with speech perception in noise under conditions that tax cognitive resources. RESULTS Listeners with mild dementia symptoms had poorer task accuracy in both quiet and noise, which held after accounting for differences in age and hearing level. Notably, even in quiet, adults with dementia symptoms correctly identified words only about 80% of the time. However, word difficulty was not a factor in task performance for either group. CONCLUSION These results affirm the difficulty that listeners with mild dementia may have with spoken word recognition, both in quiet and in background noise, consistent with a role of cognitive resources in spoken word identification.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amelia Mainardi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Washington University in St. Louis
| | - Austin Luor
- Department of Otolaryngology, Washington University in St. Louis
| | - Yi-Fang Chiu
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Saint Louis University
| | - Mitchell S. Sommers
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis
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Association between Late-Onset Ménière's Disease and the Risk of Incident All-Cause Dementia. J Pers Med 2021; 12:jpm12010019. [PMID: 35055334 PMCID: PMC8780200 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies reported an association between impaired hearing and vestibular function with the risk of dementia. This study investigated the association between Ménière’s disease (MD) and the risk of dementia using a nationwide cohort sample of data obtained from the South Korea National Health Insurance Service. The MD group (n = 496) included patients aged over 55 years and diagnosed between 2003 and 2006. The comparison group was selected using propensity score matching (n = 1984). Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to calculate incidence and hazard ratios for dementia events. The incidence of dementia was 14.3 per 1000 person–years in the MD group. After adjustment for certain variables, the incidence of dementia was higher in the MD group than in the comparison group (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 1.57, 95% confidence interval = 1.17–2.12). Subgroup analysis showed a significantly increased adjusted HR for developing Alzheimer’s disease (1.69, 95% confidence interval = 1.20–2.37) and vascular dementia (1.99, 95% confidence interval = 1.10–3.57) in the MD group. Patients with dementia experienced a higher frequency of MD episodes than those without dementia. Our findings suggest that late-onset MD is associated with an increased incidence of all-cause dementia, and it might be used as a basis for an earlier diagnosis of dementia.
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