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Vivekanandan DD, Singh H, Royall NA. Case report: a case report of neoadjuvant mFOLFIRINOX leading to a partial pathologic response in pancreatic adenosquamous carcinoma. J Surg Case Rep 2024; 2024:rjae345. [PMID: 38803839 PMCID: PMC11129824 DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjae345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
A female in her 60s with vague abdominal symptoms was found to have a pancreatic mass in her CT scan. A core needle biopsy done endoscopically demonstrated a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. The patient completed nine cycles of neoadjuvant systemic mFOLFIRINOX. Repeat staging demonstrated a partial radiographic response. She underwent an open pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy with segmental superior mesenteric vein resection with primary reconstruction (ISGPS Type 3). The final pathology demonstrated a poorly differentiated adenosquamous carcinoma, R1 margin status. The case report demonstrates the effect of mFOLFIRINOX on pancreatic adenosquamous (PASC) carcinoma with a review of the microscopic pictures following the neoadjuvant therapy. It can be postulated that glandular component being the major component in a PASC has a good response to mFOLFIRINOX like that seen in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with some presumed effect on the squamous component as well. From the above case report, we are proposing that mFOLFIRINOX can be an effective chemotherapy regime in the management of PASC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Dev Vivekanandan
- Department of Surgery, Northeast Georgia Medical Center, 743 Spring Street NE, Gainesville, GA 30501, United States
| | - Hardeep Singh
- Graduate Medical Education, Research Team, Northeast Georgia Medical Center, 743 Spring Street NE, Gainesville, GA 30501, United States
| | - Nelson Andrew Royall
- Department of Surgery, Northeast Georgia Medical Center, 743 Spring Street NE, Gainesville, GA 30501, United States
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2
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Rao J, Sinn M, Pelzer U, Riess H, Oettle H, Demir IE, Friess H, Jäger C, Steiger K, Muckenhuber A. KRT81 and HNF1A expression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: investigation of predictive and prognostic value of immunohistochemistry-based subtyping. J Pathol Clin Res 2024; 10:e12377. [PMID: 38750616 PMCID: PMC11096282 DOI: 10.1002/2056-4538.12377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Even after decades of research, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a highly lethal disease and responses to conventional treatments remain mostly poor. Subclassification of PDAC into distinct biological subtypes has been proposed by various groups to further improve patient outcome and reduce unnecessary side effects. Recently, an immunohistochemistry (IHC)-based subtyping method using cytokeratin-81 (KRT81) and hepatocyte nuclear factor 1A (HNF1A) could recapitulate some of the previously established molecular subtyping methods, while providing significant prognostic and, to a limited degree, also predictive information. We refined the KRT81/HNF1A subtyping method to classify PDAC into three distinct biological subtypes. The prognostic value of the IHC-based method was investigated in two primary resected cohorts, which include 269 and 286 patients, respectively. In the second cohort, we also assessed the predictive effect for response to erlotinib + gemcitabine. In both PDAC cohorts, the new HNF1A-positive subtype was associated with the best survival, the KRT81-positive subtype with the worst, and the double-negative with an intermediate survival (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively) in univariate and multivariate analyses. In the second cohort (CONKO-005), the IHC-based subtype was additionally found to have a potential predictive value for the erlotinib-based treatment effect. The revised IHC-based subtyping using KRT81 and HNF1A has prognostic significance for PDAC patients and may be of value in predicting treatment response to specific therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Rao
- Institute of PathologyTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany
| | - Marianne Sinn
- Department of Haematology, Oncology and Tumour Immunology, CONKO‐Study‐GroupCharité – University Medicine BerlinBerlinGermany
- Department of Internal Medicine IIUniversity Medical Center of Hamburg‐EppendorfHamburgGermany
| | - Uwe Pelzer
- Department of Haematology, Oncology and Tumour Immunology, CONKO‐Study‐GroupCharité – University Medicine BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Hanno Riess
- Department of Haematology, Oncology and Tumour Immunology, CONKO‐Study‐GroupCharité – University Medicine BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Helmut Oettle
- Department of Haematology, Oncology and Tumour Immunology, CONKO‐Study‐GroupCharité – University Medicine BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Ihsan E Demir
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of MedicineTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany
- Else Kröner Clinician Scientist Professor for Translational Pancreatic SurgeryMunichGermany
| | - Helmut Friess
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of MedicineTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany
| | - Carsten Jäger
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of MedicineTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany
| | - Katja Steiger
- Institute of PathologyTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany
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Melisi D, Casalino S, Pietrobono S, Quinzii A, Zecchetto C, Merz V. Integration of liposomal irinotecan in the first-line treatment of metastatic pancreatic cancer: try to do not think about the white bear. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2024; 16:17588359241234487. [PMID: 38584763 PMCID: PMC10996353 DOI: 10.1177/17588359241234487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The approval of novel therapeutic agents remains widely reliant on evidence derived from large phase III randomized controlled trials. Liposomal irinotecan (ONIVYDE®) stands out as the only drug that has demonstrated improved survival both as a first-line therapy in combination with oxaliplatin and 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin (5FU/LV) (NALIRIFOX) compared to the standard gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel in the NAPOLI3 trial, and as a second-line treatment in combination with 5FU/LV compared to the standard 5FU/LV in the NAPOLI1 trial. However, just as the white bear of the Dostoevsky's paradox, the judgment of these results is invariably distracted by the intrusive thought of how different they might be if compared to similar regimens containing standard-free irinotecan as FOLFIRINOX or FOLFIRI, respectively. Here, we present and thoroughly discuss the evidence encompassing the pharmacologic, preclinical, and clinical development of liposomal irinotecan that can dispel any intrusive thoughts and foster a rational and well-considered judgment of this agent and its potential integration into the therapeutic strategies for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Melisi
- Investigational Cancer Therapeutics Clinical Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
- Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, University of Verona, Piazzale L.A. Scuro, 10, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Simona Casalino
- Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Silvia Pietrobono
- Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alberto Quinzii
- Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Camilla Zecchetto
- Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Valeria Merz
- Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Medical Oncology Unit, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy
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4
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Melisi D, Zecchetto C, Merz V, Malleo G, Landoni L, Quinzii A, Casalino S, Fazzini F, Gaule M, Pesoni C, Casetti L, Esposito A, Marchegiani G, Piazzola C, D'Onofrio M, de Robertis R, Gabbrielli A, Bernardoni L, Crino SF, Pietrobono S, Luchini C, Aliberti C, Martignoni G, Milleri S, Butturini G, Scarpa A, Salvia R, Bassi C. Perioperative NALIRIFOX in patients with resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: The open-label, multicenter, phase II nITRO trial. Eur J Cancer 2024; 196:113430. [PMID: 37995598 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2023.113430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Upfront surgery followed by postoperative treatment is a commonly adopted treatment for resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (rPDAC). However, the risk of positive surgical margins, the poor recovery that often impairs postoperative treatments, and the risk of recurrence might limit the outcome of this strategy. This study evaluated the safety and the activity of liposomal irinotecan 50 mg/m2 + 5-fluorouracil 2400 mg/m2 + leucovorin 400 mg/m2 + oxaliplatin 60 mg/m2 (NALIRIFOX) in the perioperative treatment of patients with rPDAC. METHODS Eligible patients had a rPDAC with < 180° interface with major veins' wall. Patients received 3 cycles before and 3 cycles after resection with NALIRIFOX, days 1 and 15 of a 28-day cycle. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients undergoing an R0 resection. RESULTS 107 patients began preoperative treatment. Nine patients discontinued the treatment because of related or unrelated adverse events. Disease-control rate was 92.9%. 87 patients underwent surgical exploration, 11 had intraoperative evidence of metastatic disease, and 1 died for surgical complications. R0 resection rate was 65.3%. 49 patients completed the three postoperative cycles. The most common grade ≥ 3 adverse events were diarrhea and neutropenia. Median overall survival (OS) of ITT patients was 32.3 months (95% CI 27.8-44.3). Median disease-free and OS from surgery of resected patients were 19.3 (95% CI 12.6-34.1) and 40.3 months (95% CI 29-NA), respectively. CONCLUSION Perioperative NALIRIFOX was manageable and active, and deserves further investigation in randomized trials comparing it with standard upfront surgery followed by adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Melisi
- Investigational Cancer Therapeutics Clinical Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Integrata, Verona, Italy; Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
| | - Camilla Zecchetto
- Medical Oncology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Integrata, Verona, Italy; Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Valeria Merz
- Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Malleo
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Luca Landoni
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Alberto Quinzii
- Medical Oncology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Integrata, Verona, Italy; Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Simona Casalino
- Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Federica Fazzini
- Investigational Cancer Therapeutics Clinical Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Marina Gaule
- Medical Oncology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Camilla Pesoni
- Medical Oncology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Luca Casetti
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Marchegiani
- Investigational Cancer Therapeutics Clinical Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Integrata, Verona, Italy; Hepatopancreatobiliary and Liver Transplant Surgery Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Mirko D'Onofrio
- Radiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | | | | | - Laura Bernardoni
- Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Stefano F Crino
- Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Silvia Pietrobono
- Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Claudio Luchini
- Pathology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Azienda Ospedaliera Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | | | | | - Stefano Milleri
- Centro Ricerche Cliniche, Azienda Ospedaliera Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Aldo Scarpa
- Pathology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Azienda Ospedaliera Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Roberto Salvia
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Claudio Bassi
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Integrata, Verona, Italy
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Kanda T, Wakiya T, Ishido K, Kimura N, Nagase H, Yoshida E, Nakagawa J, Matsuzaka M, Niioka T, Sasaki Y, Hakamada K. Noninvasive Computed Tomography-Based Deep Learning Model Predicts In Vitro Chemosensitivity Assay Results in Pancreatic Cancer. Pancreas 2024; 53:e55-e61. [PMID: 38019604 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000002270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to predict in vitro chemosensitivity assay results from computed tomography (CT) images by applying deep learning (DL) to optimize chemotherapy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Preoperative enhanced abdominal CT images and the histoculture drug response assay (HDRA) results were collected from 33 PDAC patients undergoing surgery. Deep learning was performed using CT images of both the HDRA-positive and HDRA-negative groups. We trimmed small patches from the entire tumor area. We established various prediction labels for HDRA results with 5-fluorouracil (FU), gemcitabine (GEM), and paclitaxel (PTX). We built a predictive model using a residual convolutional neural network and used 3-fold cross-validation. RESULTS Of the 33 patients, effective response to FU, GEM, and PTX by HDRA was observed in 19 (57.6%), 11 (33.3%), and 23 (88.5%) patients, respectively. The average accuracy and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of the model for predicting the effective response to FU were 93.4% and 0.979, respectively. In the prediction of GEM, the models demonstrated high accuracy (92.8%) and AUC (0.969). Likewise, the model for predicting response to PTX had a high performance (accuracy, 95.9%; AUC, 0.979). CONCLUSIONS Our CT patch-based DL model exhibited high predictive performance in projecting HDRA results. Our study suggests that the DL approach could possibly provide a noninvasive means for the optimization of chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taishu Kanda
- From the Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki City
| | - Taiichi Wakiya
- From the Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki City
| | - Keinosuke Ishido
- From the Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki City
| | - Norihisa Kimura
- From the Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki City
| | - Hayato Nagase
- From the Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki City
| | - Eri Yoshida
- From the Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki City
| | | | | | | | - Yoshihiro Sasaki
- Medical Informatics, Hirosaki University Hospital, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Kenichi Hakamada
- From the Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki City
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6
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Mangieri CW, Valenzuela CD, Solsky IB, Erali RA, Pardee T, Lima CMSR, Howerton R, Clark CJ, Shen P. Comparison of survival for metastatic pancreatic cancer patients treated with CPI-613 versus resected borderline-resectable pancreatic cancer patients. J Surg Oncol 2023; 128:844-850. [PMID: 37341164 DOI: 10.1002/jso.27365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Treatment of advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma remains suboptimal. Therapeutic agents with a novel mechanism of action are desperately needed; one such novel agent is CPI-613 targets. We here analyze the outcomes of 20 metastatic pancreatic cancer patients treated with CPI-613 and FOLFIRINOX in our institution and evaluate their outcomes to borderline-resectable patients treated with curative surgery. METHODS A post hoc analysis was performed of the phase I CPI-613 trial data (NCT03504423) comparing survival outcomes to borderline-resectable cases treated with curative resection at the same institution. Survival was measured by overall survival (OS) for all study cases and disease-free survival (DFS) for resected cases with progression-free survival for CPI-613 cases. RESULTS There were 20 patients in the CPI-613 cohort and 60 patients in the surgical cohort. Median follow-up times were 441 and 517 days for CPI-613 and resected cases, respectively. There was no difference in survival times between CPI-613 and resected cases with a mean OS of 1.8 versus 1.9 year (p = 0.779) and mean PFS/DFS of 1.4 versus 1.7 years (p = 0.512). There was also no difference in 3-year survival rates for OS (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.063, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.302-3.744, p = 0.925) or DFS/PFS (HR = 1.462, 95% CI 0.285-7.505, p = 0.648). CONCLUSION The first study to evaluate the survival between metastatic patients treated with CPI-613 versus borderline-resectable cases undergoing curative resection. Analysis revealed no significant differences in survival outcomes between the cohorts. Study results are suggestive that there may be potential utility with the addition of CPI-613 to potentially resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma, although additional research with more comparable study groups are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher W Mangieri
- Atrium Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Division of Surgical Oncology, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Cristian D Valenzuela
- Atrium Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Division of Surgical Oncology, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ian B Solsky
- Atrium Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Division of Surgical Oncology, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Richard A Erali
- Atrium Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Division of Surgical Oncology, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Timothy Pardee
- Atrium Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Caio Max S Rocha Lima
- Atrium Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Russell Howerton
- Atrium Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Division of Surgical Oncology, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Clancy J Clark
- Atrium Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Division of Surgical Oncology, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Perry Shen
- Atrium Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Division of Surgical Oncology, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
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7
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Yao J, Cao K, Hou Y, Zhou J, Xia Y, Nogues I, Song Q, Jiang H, Ye X, Lu J, Jin G, Lu H, Xie C, Zhang R, Xiao J, Liu Z, Gao F, Qi Y, Li X, Zheng Y, Lu L, Shi Y, Zhang L. Deep Learning for Fully Automated Prediction of Overall Survival in Patients Undergoing Resection for Pancreatic Cancer: A Retrospective Multicenter Study. Ann Surg 2023; 278:e68-e79. [PMID: 35781511 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000005465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop an imaging-derived biomarker for prediction of overall survival (OS) of pancreatic cancer by analyzing preoperative multiphase contrast-enhanced computed topography (CECT) using deep learning. BACKGROUND Exploiting prognostic biomarkers for guiding neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatment decisions may potentially improve outcomes in patients with resectable pancreatic cancer. METHODS This multicenter, retrospective study included 1516 patients with resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) from 5 centers located in China. The discovery cohort (n=763), which included preoperative multiphase CECT scans and OS data from 2 centers, was used to construct a fully automated imaging-derived prognostic biomarker-DeepCT-PDAC-by training scalable deep segmentation and prognostic models (via self-learning) to comprehensively model the tumor-anatomy spatial relations and their appearance dynamics in multiphase CECT for OS prediction. The marker was independently tested using internal (n=574) and external validation cohorts (n=179, 3 centers) to evaluate its performance, robustness, and clinical usefulness. RESULTS Preoperatively, DeepCT-PDAC was the strongest predictor of OS in both internal and external validation cohorts [hazard ratio (HR) for high versus low risk 2.03, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.50-2.75; HR: 2.47, CI: 1.35-4.53] in a multivariable analysis. Postoperatively, DeepCT-PDAC remained significant in both cohorts (HR: 2.49, CI: 1.89-3.28; HR: 2.15, CI: 1.14-4.05) after adjustment for potential confounders. For margin-negative patients, adjuvant chemoradiotherapy was associated with improved OS in the subgroup with DeepCT-PDAC low risk (HR: 0.35, CI: 0.19-0.64), but did not affect OS in the subgroup with high risk. CONCLUSIONS Deep learning-based CT imaging-derived biomarker enabled the objective and unbiased OS prediction for patients with resectable PDAC. This marker is applicable across hospitals, imaging protocols, and treatments, and has the potential to tailor neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatments at the individual level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kai Cao
- Department of Radiology, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Hou
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging Technology and Artificial Intelligence, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingda Xia
- DAMO Academy, Alibaba Group, New York, NY
| | - Isabella Nogues
- Departments of Biostatistics, Harvard University T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Qike Song
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianghua Ye
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianping Lu
- Department of Radiology, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Jin
- Department of Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Chuanmiao Xie
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Xiao
- Ping An Technology Co. Ltd., Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zaiyi Liu
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital/Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Image Analysis and Application, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Hepato-pancreato-biliary Tumor Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yafei Qi
- Department of Pathology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xuezhou Li
- Department of Radiology, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Zheng
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Le Lu
- DAMO Academy, Alibaba Group, New York, NY
| | - Yu Shi
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging Technology and Artificial Intelligence, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- DAMO Academy, Alibaba Group, New York, NY
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8
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Eshmuminov D, Aminjonov B, Palm RF, Malleo G, Schmocker RK, Abdallah R, Yoo C, Shaib WL, Schneider MA, Rangelova E, Choi YJ, Kim H, Rose JB, Patel S, Wilson GC, Maloney S, Timmermann L, Sahora K, Rössler F, Lopez-Lopez V, Boyer E, Maggino L, Malinka T, Park JY, Katz MHG, Prakash L, Ahmad SA, Helton S, Jang JY, Hoffe SE, Salvia R, Taieb J, He J, Clavien PA, Held U, Lehmann K. FOLFIRINOX or Gemcitabine-based Chemotherapy for Borderline Resectable and Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: A Multi-institutional, Patient-Level, Meta-analysis and Systematic Review. Ann Surg Oncol 2023; 30:4417-4428. [PMID: 37020094 PMCID: PMC10250524 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-023-13353-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer often presents as locally advanced (LAPC) or borderline resectable (BRPC). Neoadjuvant systemic therapy is recommended as initial treatment. It is currently unclear what chemotherapy should be preferred for patients with BRPC or LAPC. METHODS We performed a systematic review and multi-institutional meta-analysis of patient-level data regarding the use of initial systemic therapy for BRPC and LAPC. Outcomes were reported separately for tumor entity and by chemotherapy regimen including FOLFIRINOX (FIO) or gemcitabine-based. RESULTS A total of 23 studies comprising 2930 patients were analyzed for overall survival (OS) calculated from the beginning of systemic treatment. OS for patients with BRPC was 22.0 months with FIO, 16.9 months with gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel (Gem/nab), 21.6 months with gemcitabine/cisplatin or oxaliplatin or docetaxel or capecitabine (GemX), and 10 months with gemcitabine monotherapy (Gem-mono) (p < 0.0001). In patients with LAPC, OS also was higher with FIO (17.1 months) compared with Gem/nab (12.5 months), GemX (12.3 months), and Gem-mono (9.4 months; p < 0.0001). This difference was driven by the patients who did not undergo surgery, where FIO was superior to other regimens. The resection rates for patients with BRPC were 0.55 for gemcitabine-based chemotherapy and 0.53 with FIO. In patients with LAPC, resection rates were 0.19 with Gemcitabine and 0.28 with FIO. In resected patients, OS for patients with BRPC was 32.9 months with FIO and not different compared to Gem/nab, (28.6 months, p = 0.285), GemX (38.8 months, p = 0.1), or Gem-mono (23.1 months, p = 0.083). A similar trend was observed in resected patients converted from LAPC. CONCLUSIONS In patients with BRPC or LAPC, primary treatment with FOLFIRINOX compared with Gemcitabine-based chemotherapy appears to provide a survival benefit for patients that are ultimately unresectable. For patients that undergo surgical resection, outcomes are similar between GEM+ and FOLFIRINOX when delivered in the neoadjuvant setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilmurodjon Eshmuminov
- Department of Surgery and Transplantation, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Botirjon Aminjonov
- Department of Surgery and Transplantation, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Russell F Palm
- Department of Radiation Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Giuseppe Malleo
- Unit of General and Pancreatic Surgery. Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Paediatrics and Gynaecology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Ryan K Schmocker
- Department of Surgery, The Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Raëf Abdallah
- Hepatogastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology Department, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, AGEO (Association des Gastro-Enterologues Oncologues), Université de Paris, SIRIC CARPEM, Paris, France
| | - Changhoon Yoo
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Walid L Shaib
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Marcel André Schneider
- Department of Surgery and Transplantation, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elena Rangelova
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital and Department of Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology (CLINTEC) at Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Surgery, The Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Yoo Jin Choi
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University, 28 Yongon-dong, Chongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, Korea
| | - Hongbeom Kim
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University, 28 Yongon-dong, Chongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, Korea
| | - J Bart Rose
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Pancreatobiliary Disease Center at UAB, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Sameer Patel
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Gregory C Wilson
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Sarah Maloney
- Department of Oncology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lea Timmermann
- Department of Surgery, Charité - Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Klaus Sahora
- Departments of Surgery and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Fabian Rössler
- Department of Surgery and Transplantation, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Víctor Lopez-Lopez
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Clinic and University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, IMIB-ARRIXACA, Murcia, Spain
| | - Emanuel Boyer
- University of South Florida School of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Laura Maggino
- Unit of General and Pancreatic Surgery. Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Paediatrics and Gynaecology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Thomas Malinka
- Department of Surgery, Charité - Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jeong Youp Park
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Laura Prakash
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Syed A Ahmad
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Scott Helton
- Section of General, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jin-Young Jang
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University, 28 Yongon-dong, Chongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, Korea
| | - Sarah E Hoffe
- Department of Radiation Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Roberto Salvia
- Unit of General and Pancreatic Surgery. Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Paediatrics and Gynaecology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Julien Taieb
- Hepatogastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology Department, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, AGEO (Association des Gastro-Enterologues Oncologues), Université de Paris, SIRIC CARPEM, Paris, France
| | - Jin He
- Department of Surgery, The Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Pierre-Alain Clavien
- Department of Surgery and Transplantation, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ulrike Held
- Department of Biostatistics at Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Hirschengraben 84, 8001, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kuno Lehmann
- Department of Surgery and Transplantation, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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9
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Halbrook CJ, Lyssiotis CA, Pasca di Magliano M, Maitra A. Pancreatic cancer: Advances and challenges. Cell 2023; 186:1729-1754. [PMID: 37059070 PMCID: PMC10182830 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 228.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the deadliest cancers. Significant efforts have largely defined major genetic factors driving PDAC pathogenesis and progression. Pancreatic tumors are characterized by a complex microenvironment that orchestrates metabolic alterations and supports a milieu of interactions among various cell types within this niche. In this review, we highlight the foundational studies that have driven our understanding of these processes. We further discuss the recent technological advances that continue to expand our understanding of PDAC complexity. We posit that the clinical translation of these research endeavors will enhance the currently dismal survival rate of this recalcitrant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Halbrook
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA 92868, USA.
| | - Costas A Lyssiotis
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Marina Pasca di Magliano
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Anirban Maitra
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Sheikh Ahmed Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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10
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Lau WY. Current controversies and challenges for resection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma in pancreatic head aiming at cure. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2023; 22:111-112. [PMID: 36450619 DOI: 10.1016/j.hbpd.2022.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wan Yee Lau
- Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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11
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Noda Y, Mizuno N, Kawai N, Ando T, Kawaguchi M, Nagata S, Fujimoto K, Nakamura F, Kaga T, Ishihara T, Hyodo F, Kato H, Kambadakone AR, Matsuo M. Determination of arterial invasion in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: what is the best diagnostic criterion on CT? Eur Radiol 2023; 33:3617-3626. [PMID: 36897348 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-09521-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the diagnostic performance and interobserver variability in the determination of arterial invasion in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and determine the best CT imaging criterion. METHODS We retrospectively evaluated 128 patients with PDAC (73 men and 55 women) who underwent preoperative contrast-enhanced CT. Five board-certified radiologists (expert) and four fellows (non-expert]) independently assessed the arterial invasion (celiac, superior mesenteric, splenic, and common hepatic arteries) using a 6-point score: 1, no tumor contact; 2, hazy attenuation ≤ 180°; 3, hazy attenuation > 180°; 4, solid soft tissue contact ≤ 180°; 5, solid soft tissue contact > 180°; and 6, contour irregularity. ROC analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic performance and determine the best diagnostic criterion for arterial invasion, with pathological or surgical findings as references. Interobserver variability was assessed using Fleiss's ĸ statistics. RESULTS Among the 128 patients, 35.2% (n = 45/128) received neoadjuvant treatment (NTx). Solid soft tissue contact ≤ 180° was the best diagnostic criterion for arterial invasion as defined by the Youden Index both in patients who did and did not receive NTx (sensitivity, 100% vs. 100%; specificity, 90% vs. 93%; and AUC, 0.96 vs. 0.98, respectively). Interobserver variability among the non-expert was not inferior to that among the expert (ĸ = 0.61 vs 0.61; p = .39 and ĸ = 0.59 vs 0.51; p < .001 in patients treated with and without NTx, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Solid soft tissue contact ≤ 180° was the best diagnostic criterion for the determination of arterial invasion in PDAC. Considerable interobserver variability was seen among the radiologists. KEY POINTS • Solid soft tissue contact ≤ 180° was the best diagnostic criterion for the determination of arterial invasion in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. • Interobserver agreement among non-expert radiologists was almost comparable to that among expert radiologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshifumi Noda
- Department of Radiology, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan.
| | - Nozomi Mizuno
- Department of Radiology, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Kawai
- Department of Radiology, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Ando
- Department of Radiology, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Masaya Kawaguchi
- Department of Radiology, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Shoma Nagata
- Department of Radiology, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Keita Fujimoto
- Department of Radiology, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Nakamura
- Department of Radiology, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Kaga
- Department of Radiology, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Takuma Ishihara
- Innovative and Clinical Research Promotion Center, Gifu University Hospital, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Fuminori Hyodo
- Department of Radiology, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Study, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kato
- Department of Radiology, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Avinash R Kambadakone
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, White 270, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Masayuki Matsuo
- Department of Radiology, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
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12
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Scholer AJ, Marcus R, Garland-Kledzik M, Chang SC, Khader A, Santamaria-Barria J, Jutric Z, Wolf R, Goldfarb M. Validating biologic age in selecting elderly patients with pancreatic cancer for surgical resection. J Surg Oncol 2023; 127:394-404. [PMID: 36321409 PMCID: PMC10092356 DOI: 10.1002/jso.27121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Selecting frail elderly patients with pancreatic cancer (PC) for pancreas resection using biologic age has not been elucidated. This study determined the feasibility of the deficit accumulation frailty index (DAFI) in identifying such patients and its association with surgical outcomes. METHODS The DAFI, which assesses frailty based on biologic age, was used to identify frail patients using clinical and health-related quality-of-life data. The characteristics of frail and nonfrail patients were compared. RESULTS Of 242 patients (median age, 75.5 years), 61.2% were frail and 32.6% had undergone pancreas resection (surgery group). Median overall survival (mOS) decreased in frail patients (7.13 months, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.65-10.1) compared with nonfrail patients (16.1 months, 95% CI: 11.47-34.40, p = 0.001). In the surgery group, mOS improved in the nonfrail patients (49.4%; 49.2 months, 95% CI: 29.3-79.9) compared with frail patients (50.6%, 22.1 months, 95% CI: 18.3-52.4, p = 0.10). In the no-surgery group, mOS was better in nonfrail patients (54%; 10.81 months, CI 7.85-16.03) compared with frail patients (66%; 5.45 months, 95% CI: 4.34-7.03, p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS The DAFI identified elderly patients with PC at risk of poor outcomes and can identify patients who can tolerate more aggressive treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J Scholer
- Division of Surgical Oncology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Greenville, South Carolina, USA
| | - Rebecca Marcus
- Department of Surgery, Saint John's Cancer Institute at Providence St. John's Health Center, Santa Monica, California, USA
| | - Mary Garland-Kledzik
- Division of Surgical Oncology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Shu-Chin Chang
- Department of Surgery, Medical Data Research Center, Providence Saint Joseph Health, Oregon, Portland, USA
| | - Adam Khader
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Hunter Holmes McGuire Veterans Affair Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Juan Santamaria-Barria
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Zeljka Jutric
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery and Islet Cell Transplantation, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange, California, USA
| | - Ronald Wolf
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery and Islet Cell Transplantation, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange, California, USA
| | - Melanie Goldfarb
- Department of Surgery, Saint John's Cancer Institute at Providence St. John's Health Center, Santa Monica, California, USA
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13
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Jing P, Luo Y, Chen Y, Tan J, Liao C, Zhang S. Aspirin-Loaded Cross-Linked Lipoic Acid Nanodrug Prevents Postoperative Tumor Recurrence by Residual Cancer Cell Killing and Inflammatory Microenvironment Improvement. Bioconjug Chem 2023; 34:366-376. [PMID: 36626242 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.2c00548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In addition to residual cancer cells, the surgery resection-induced hyperinflammatory microenvironment is a key factor that leads to postsurgical cancer recurrence. Herein, we developed a dual-functional nanodrug Asp@cLANVs for postsurgical recurrence inhibition by loading the classical anti-inflammatory drug aspirin (Asp) into cross-linked lipoic acid nanovesicles (cLANVs). The Asp@cLANVs can not only kill residual cancer cells at the doses comparable to common cytotoxic drugs by synergistic interaction between Asp and cLANVs, but also improve the postsurgical inflammatory microenvironment by their strongly synergistic anti-inflammation activity between Asp and cLANVs. Using mice bearing partially removed NCI-H460 tumors, we found that Asp@cLANVs gave a much lower recurrence rate (33.3%) compared with the first-line cytotoxic drug cisplatin (100%), and no mice died for at least 60 days after Asp@cLANV treatment while no mouse survived beyond day 43 in the cisplatin group. This dual-functional nanodrug constructs the first example that combines residual cancer cell killing and postoperative inflammation microenvironment improvement to suppress postsurgical cancer recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Jing
- College of Biomedical Engineering and National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, P.R. China.,Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, P.R. China
| | - Yuling Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, P.R. China
| | - Yun Chen
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Jiangbing Tan
- College of Biomedical Engineering and National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, P.R. China
| | - Chunyan Liao
- College of Biomedical Engineering and National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, P.R. China
| | - Shiyong Zhang
- College of Biomedical Engineering and National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, P.R. China
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14
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Lian Y, Zeng S, Wen S, Zhao X, Fang C, Zeng N. Review and Application of Integrin Alpha v Beta 6 in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Cholangiocarcinoma and Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2023; 22:15330338231189399. [PMID: 37525872 PMCID: PMC10395192 DOI: 10.1177/15330338231189399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrin Alpha v Beta 6 is expressed primarily in solid epithelial tumors, such as cholangiocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer, and colorectal cancer. It has been considered a potential and promising molecular marker for the early diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Cholangiocarcinoma and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma share genetic, histological, and pathophysiological similarities due to the shared embryonic origin of the bile duct and pancreas. These cancers share numerous clinicopathological characteristics, including growth pattern, poor response to conventional radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and poor prognosis. This review focuses on the role of integrin Alpha v Beta 6 in cancer progression. It addition, it reviews how the marker can be used in molecular imaging and therapeutic targets. We propose further research explorations and questions that need to be addressed. We conclude that integrin Alpha v Beta 6 may serve as a potential biomarker for cancer disease progression and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyu Lian
- Zhujiang Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- First Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Silue Zeng
- First Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical and Engineering Technology Center of Digital Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sai Wen
- First Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical and Engineering Technology Center of Digital Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingyang Zhao
- First Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical and Engineering Technology Center of Digital Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chihua Fang
- Zhujiang Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- First Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical and Engineering Technology Center of Digital Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ning Zeng
- Zhujiang Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- First Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical and Engineering Technology Center of Digital Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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15
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A Novel PiRNA Enhances CA19-9 Sensitivity for Pancreatic Cancer Identification by Liquid Biopsy. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11247310. [PMID: 36555927 PMCID: PMC9784851 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11247310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest tumours worldwide, and its poor prognosis is due to an inability to detect the disease at the early stages, thereby creating an urgent need to develop non-invasive biomarkers. P-element-induced wimpy testis (PIWI) proteins work together with piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) to perform epigenetic regulation and as such hold great potential as biomarkers for pancreatic cancer. PIWIL2 and PIWIL4 are associated with better prognosis, while PIWIL1 and PIWIL3 involvement appears to be associated with carcinogenesis. We aimed to discover PIWIL3- and PIWIL4-modulated piRNAs and determine their potential mechanisms in pancreatic cancer and the clinical implications. PIWIL3 or PIWIL4 was downregulated in pancreatic cancer-derived cell lines or in a non-tumour cell line. Differentially expressed piRNAs were analysed by next generation sequencing of small RNA. Nine fresh-frozen samples from solid human pancreases (three healthy pancreases, three intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms, and three early-stage pancreatic cancers) were included in the sequencing analysis. Two piRNAs associated with PIWIL3 (piR-168112 and piR-162725) were identified in the neoplastic cells; in untransformed samples, we identified one piRNA associated with PIWIL4 (pir-366845). After validation in pancreatic cancer-derived cell lines and one untransformed pancreatic cell line, these piRNAs were evaluated in plasma samples from healthy donors (n = 27) or patients with pancreatic cancer (n = 45). Interestingly, piR-162725 expression identified pancreatic cancer patients versus healthy donors in liquid biopsies. Moreover, the potential of the serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) biomarker to identify pancreatic cancer patients was greatly enhanced when combined with piR-162725 detection. The enhanced diagnostic potential for the early detection of pancreatic cancer in liquid biopsies of these new small non-coding RNAs will likely improve the prognosis and management of this deadly cancer.
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16
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Zhang XP, Gao YX, Xu S, Zhao GD, Hu MG, Tan XL, Zhao ZM, Liu R. A novel online calculator to predict early recurrence and long-term survival of patients with resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma after pancreaticoduodenectomy: A multicenter study. Int J Surg 2022; 106:106891. [PMID: 36165934 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2022.106891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is prone to relapse even after radical pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) (including robotic, laparoscopic and open approach). This study aimed to develop an online nomogram calculator to predict early recurrence (ER) (within one year after surgery) and long-term survival in patients with PDAC. METHODS Patients with PDAC after radical PD were included. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors. An online nomogram calculator was developed based on independent risk factors in the training cohort and then tested in the internal and external validation cohorts. RESULTS Of the 569 patients who met the inclusion criteria, 310, 155, and 104 patients were in the training, internal and external validation cohorts, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that preoperative carbohydrate antigen19-9 (CA19-9) [Odds Ratio (OR) 1.002; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.001-1.003; P = 0.001], fibrinogen/albumin (FAR) (OR 1.132; 95% CI 1.012-1.266; P = 0.029), N stage (OR 2.291; 95% CI 1.283-4.092; P = 0.005), and tumor differentiation (OR 3.321; 95% CI 1.278-8.631; P = 0.014) were independent risk factors for ER. Nomogram based on the above four factors achieved good C-statistics of 0.772, 0.767 and 0.765 in predicting ER in the training, internal and external validation cohorts, respectively. Time-dependent ROC analysis (timeROC) and decision curve analysis (DCA) revealed that the nomogram provided superior diagnostic capacity and net benefit compared with other staging systems. CONCLUSION This multi-center study developed and validated an online nomogram calculator that can predict ER and long-term survival in patients with PDAC with high degrees of stability and accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Ping Zhang
- Faculty of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan-Xing Gao
- Faculty of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Xu
- Department of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Guo-Dong Zhao
- Faculty of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ming-Gen Hu
- Faculty of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang-Long Tan
- Faculty of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Ming Zhao
- Faculty of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Rong Liu
- Faculty of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China.
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17
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Barrak D, Villano AM, Moslim MA, Hopkins SE, Lefton MD, Ruth K, Reddy SS. Total Neoadjuvant Treatment for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Is Associated With Limited Lymph Node Yield but Improved Ratio. J Surg Res 2022; 280:543-550. [PMID: 36096019 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The lymph node yield (LNY) and lymph node ratio (LNR) of nodal metastases following pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) have been reported as prognostic parameters in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, they have not been compared in the setting of various neoadjuvant therapy modalities. METHODS A single institutional retrospective study identified 134 patients diagnosed with resectable, BLR- and LA-PDAC who underwent PD at Fox Chase Cancer Center between 2010 and 2019. Patients were categorized based on first-line treatment as follows: surgery first (SF), total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT), and single modality neoadjuvant therapy (SMNT). The histopathological reports of the surgical specimens were examined to obtain LNY and determine the counts of lymph nodes with metastases. Subsequently, LNR was calculated as the number of positive lymph nodes divided by the number of lymph nodes examined. RESULTS Overall, 49, 38, 27, 12, and 8 patients underwent SF approach, SMNT, incomplete TNT, induction TNT, and consolidation TNT, respectively. There was no difference in R0 resection and vascular resection between the groups (P = 0.096 and 0.794, respectively). The median counts of LNY were 22, 15, 21, 11.5, and 10, respectively (P < 0.001). The average LNR was 0.16, 0.07, 0.03, 0.02, and 0.02, respectively (P < 0.001). There were statistically significant differences in overall survival in the TNT groups (log-rank test P = 0.030). CONCLUSIONS PDAC patients who undergo the TNT modality exhibit lower LNY and improved LNR compared with the SF approach and SMNT neoadjuvant therapy groups. This is likely explained by the increased treatment response and lymph node obliteration associated with the TNT approach. Our results question the minimal requirement of 11-18 harvested lymph nodes for PD following TNT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dany Barrak
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Anthony M Villano
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Maitham A Moslim
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Steven E Hopkins
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Max D Lefton
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Karen Ruth
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sanjay S Reddy
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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Khachfe HH, Habib JR, Nassour I, Baydoun HA, Ghabi EM, Chahrour MA, Hallal AH, Jamali FR. Clinical Trials in Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery: Assessing Trial Characteristics, Early Discontinuation, Result Reporting, and Publication. J Gastrointest Surg 2022; 26:1628-1636. [PMID: 35713764 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-022-05387-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatopancreaticobiliary (HPB) diseases carry high morbidity despite efforts aimed at their reduction. An assessment of their trial characteristics is paramount to determine trial design adequacy and highlight areas for improvement. As such, the aim of this study is to assess HPB surgery trial characteristics, summarize logistic, financial, and practical reasons behind early discontinuation, and propose potential interventions to prevent this in the future. METHODS All clinical trials investigating HPB surgery registered on ClinicalTrials.gov from October 1st, 2007 (inclusive), to April 20th, 2021 (inclusive), were examined. Trial characteristics were collected including, but not limited to, study phase, duration, patient enrollment size, location, and study design. Peer-reviewed publications associated with the selected trials were also assessed to determine outcome reporting. RESULTS A total of 1776 clinical trials conducted in 43 countries were identified, the majority of which were conducted in the USA. Of these trials, 32% were reported as "completed" whereas 12% were "discontinued." The most common cause of trial discontinuation was low accrual, which was reported in 37% of terminated studies. These resulted in 413 published studies. Most trials had multiple assignment, randomized, or open-label designs. Treatment was the most common study objective (73%) with pharmacological therapy being the most commonly studied intervention. CONCLUSIONS The main reasons for early discontinuation of clinical trials in HPB surgery are poor patient recruitment and inadequate funding. Improved trial design, recruitment strategies and increased funding are needed to prevent trial discontinuation and increase publication rates of HPB surgery clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein H Khachfe
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. .,Division of GI Surgical Oncology, UPMC Pancreatic Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, UPMC Cancer Pavilion, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. .,Division of GI Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Joseph R Habib
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ibrahim Nassour
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Division of GI Surgical Oncology, UPMC Pancreatic Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, UPMC Cancer Pavilion, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Hussein A Baydoun
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Elie M Ghabi
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Ali H Hallal
- Department of Surgery, Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Faek R Jamali
- Department of Surgery, Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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19
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Noda Y, Kawai N, Kaga T, Ishihara T, Hyodo F, Kato H, Kambadakone AR, Matsuo M. Vascular involvement and resectability of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma on contrast-enhanced MRI: comparison with pancreatic protocol CT. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2022; 47:2835-2844. [PMID: 35760922 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-022-03581-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the diagnostic performance for detecting vascular involvement and determining resectability differences regarding pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) between contrast-enhanced CT and MRI. METHODS This retrospective study evaluated 82 patients (73 years, 46 men) with PDAC who underwent both preoperative contrast-enhanced CT and MRI from January 2008 to March 2021. Two radiologists independently categorized vascular involvements for celiac, superior mesenteric, splenic, and common hepatic arteries, and portal, superior mesenteric, and splenic veins into no tumor contact, solid soft-tissue contact ≤ 180°, or solid soft-tissue contact > 180°. The radiologists also classified resectability into resectable, borderline resectable, or locally advanced. Receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC) analysis was conducted to evaluate the diagnostic performances for detecting vascular involvements which were confirmed by pathological or intraoperative findings. The proportion of resectability classifications was compared between CT and MRI by the Fisher's exact test. RESULTS No statistical difference was found in the diagnostic performances for detecting vascular involvement in CT (area under the ROC curve [AUC], 0.50-0.89) and MRI (AUC, 0.51-0.75) (P = 0.06-> 0.99). Resectability on CT were 79% and 68%, 20% and 26%, and 1% and 6% for resectable, borderline resectable, and locally advanced tumors for reviewers 1 and 2; those on MRI were 87% and 81%, 12% and 13%, and 1% and 6%, respectively. The proportion of resectability classifications was not different between CT and MRI (P = 0.48 and = 0.15 for reviewers 1 and 2, respectively). CONCLUSION The diagnostic performance for detecting vascular involvement and determining resectability of PDAC on contrast-enhanced MRI were comparable with pancreatic protocol CT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshifumi Noda
- Department of Radiology, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan.
| | - Nobuyuki Kawai
- Department of Radiology, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Kaga
- Department of Radiology, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Takuma Ishihara
- Innovative and Clinical Research Promotion Center, Gifu University Hospital, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Fuminori Hyodo
- Institute for Advanced Study, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kato
- Department of Radiology, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Avinash R Kambadakone
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, White 270, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Masayuki Matsuo
- Department of Radiology, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
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20
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Labori KJ. Short-Course or Total Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Resectable and Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Cancer - Current Status and Future Perspectives. Front Surg 2022; 9:839339. [PMID: 35548190 PMCID: PMC9082635 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.839339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Neoadjuvant therapy improves overall survival compared with a surgery-first approach in patients with borderline resectable pancreatic cancer (BRPC). Evidence of higher quality is required to determine whether neoadjuvant therapy has potential benefits and improves survival for patients with resectable pancreatic cancer (RPC). Most randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have explored short-course neoadjuvant chemotherapy (SNT), but total neoadjuvant chemotherapy (TNT) is now the experimental arm of ongoing RCTs. This article reviews the current status of SNT and TNT in RPC and BRPC, and provides perspectives of future challenges and research directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Knut Jørgen Labori
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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21
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Zhang X, Li L, Liu P, Tian Y, Gong P. Development of a Transcription Factor-Based Prognostic Model for Predicting the Immune Status and Outcome in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:4946020. [PMID: 35571561 PMCID: PMC9098328 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4946020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is the most common primary malignancy of the pancreas. Growing studies indicate that transcription factors (TFs) are abnormally expressed in PAAD. We, therefore, aimed to evaluate the effect of TFs in PAAD and develop a TF-based prognostic signature for the patients. The expression of the TFs and the clinical characteristics were obtained from TCGA datasets. The levels of the TFs were evaluated in PAAD tissues or nontumor tissues. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) was used to determine the potential function of the dysregulated TFs. To create a prognostic signature, we used univariate and multivariate Cox regression. In addition, the relationship between risk score and tumor microenvironment was analyzed. In this study, we observed 19 increased and 10 decreased TFs in PAAD tissues. KEGG assays indicated that dysregulated TFs were involved in transcriptional misregulation in cancer. Multivariate Cox analysis identified two prognostic factors, Zinc finger protein 488 and BCL11A; and we developed a risk score model by these two factors. The Kaplan-Meier estimator suggested that patients with high risk exhibited a shorter overall survival than those with low risk. The receiver operating characteristic curve proved that the accuracy of this prognostic signature was 0.686 in predicting the 5-year survival. In addition, we observed that the high score was distinctly related to advanced tumor stage and immune infiltrates. Taken together, we developed a novel TF-related model which could be applied as a potential prognostic tool for PAAD and may guide the choice of immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianbin Zhang
- Department of General Surgery & Institute of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Shenzhen University General Hospital & Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy, Xueyuan Road 1098, 518055 Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Xueyuan Road 1066, 518060 Shenzhen, China
- Carson International Cancer Center & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Xueyuan Road 1066, 518060 Shenzhen, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of General Surgery & Institute of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Shenzhen University General Hospital & Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy, Xueyuan Road 1098, 518055 Shenzhen, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of General Surgery & Institute of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Shenzhen University General Hospital & Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy, Xueyuan Road 1098, 518055 Shenzhen, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Department of General Surgery & Institute of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Shenzhen University General Hospital & Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy, Xueyuan Road 1098, 518055 Shenzhen, China
- Department of Epidemiology, Dalian Medical University, Lvshun Road 9, 116044 Dalian, China
| | - Peng Gong
- Department of General Surgery & Institute of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Shenzhen University General Hospital & Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy, Xueyuan Road 1098, 518055 Shenzhen, China
- Carson International Cancer Center & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Xueyuan Road 1066, 518060 Shenzhen, China
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22
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Takeuchi S, Ambo Y, Kodama Y, Takada M, Kato K, Nakamura F, Hirano S. Preoperative embolization strategy for the combined resection of replaced right hepatic artery in pancreaticoduodenectomy: a small case series. Surg Case Rep 2022; 8:49. [PMID: 35316851 PMCID: PMC8941043 DOI: 10.1186/s40792-022-01403-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Replaced right hepatic artery (rRHA) is a common vascular variation, and combined resection of this vessel is sometimes needed for the curative resection of pancreatic head malignancy. Safe surgical management has not been established, and there is a small number of reported cases. Here, we reported five cases, wherein preoperative embolization of rRHA was performed for combined resection. Case presentation All patients had pancreatic head malignancies that were in contact with rRHA. We performed a preoperative embolization of the rRHA before the scheduled pancreaticoduodenectomy for the combined resection. Arterial embolization was safely accomplished, and the communicating arcade from the left hepatic artery via the hilar plate was clearly revealed in all cases. Four patients underwent the operative procedure, except for one patient who had liver metastasis at laparotomy. No patient suffered from a severe abnormal liver function during the management; however, one patient had multiple liver infarctions during the postoperative course. Conclusions Preoperative embolization for the combined resection of rRHA in pancreaticoduodenectomy can be a management option for the precise evaluation of hemodynamics after sacrificing rRHA. In our cases, arterial flow to the right liver lobe was supplied by the left hepatic artery via the bypass route, including the communicating arcade of the hilar plate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Takeuchi
- Department of Surgery, Teine Keijinkai Hospital, 1-12-1-40, Maeda, Teine-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 006-8555, Japan.
| | - Yoshiyasu Ambo
- Department of Surgery, Teine Keijinkai Hospital, 1-12-1-40, Maeda, Teine-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 006-8555, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Kodama
- Department of Radiology, Teine Keijinkai Hospital, 1-12-1-40, Maeda, Teine-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 006-8555, Japan
| | - Minoru Takada
- Department of Surgery, Teine Keijinkai Hospital, 1-12-1-40, Maeda, Teine-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 006-8555, Japan
| | - Kentaro Kato
- Department of Surgery, Teine Keijinkai Hospital, 1-12-1-40, Maeda, Teine-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 006-8555, Japan
| | - Fumitaka Nakamura
- Department of Surgery, Teine Keijinkai Hospital, 1-12-1-40, Maeda, Teine-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 006-8555, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hirano
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery II, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, West-7, North-15, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan
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23
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Targeting STAT3 Signaling Facilitates Responsiveness of Pancreatic Cancer Cells to Chemoradiotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14051301. [PMID: 35267609 PMCID: PMC8908974 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The debate is ongoing regarding the potential role of preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), and whether it should be reserved for borderline resectable or unresectable tumors. However, treatment response is heterogeneous, implicating the need to unveil and overcome the underlying mechanisms of resistance. Activation of the transcription factor STAT3 was recently linked to CRT resistance in other gastrointestinal cancers such as rectal and esophageal cancers, but its role in PDAC needs to be clarified. Protein expression and phosphorylation of STAT3 was determined in PDAC cell lines and connected to transcriptional activity measured by dual-luciferase reporter gene assays. Inhibition of STAT3 signaling was achieved by RNAi or the small-molecule inhibitor napabucasin. We observed a positive correlation between STAT3 signaling activity and CRT resistance. Importantly, genetical and pharmacological perturbation of the IL-6/STAT3 pathway resulted in CRT sensitization specifically in those cell lines, in which STAT3 activity was augmented by IL-6. In conclusion, our data underscore the general importance of IL-6/STAT3 signaling for CRT resistance and suggest that pathway inhibition may represents a putative treatment strategy in order to increase the fraction of patients with PDAC who are candidates for surgical approaches.
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24
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Bednar F. Clinical Staging Uncertainty and Treatment Sequencing in Pancreatic Cancer. Ann Surg 2022; 275:422-423. [PMID: 34793357 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000005317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Filip Bednar
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
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25
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Nobuhara H, Matsugu Y, Tanaka J, Akita T, Ito K. The preventive effects of perioperative oral care on surgical site infections after pancreatic cancer surgery: a retrospective study. Support Care Cancer 2022; 30:3337-3344. [PMID: 34988706 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-021-06791-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most malignant cancer of the gastrointestinal system, and is associated with high rates of postoperative complications, including surgical site infections (SSIs). Perioperative oral care is an effective measure for preventing postoperative pneumonia. However, the preventive effects of perioperative oral care on SSIs have not been reported. We investigated the preventive effects of perioperative oral care on SSIs after pancreatic cancer surgery. METHODS A total of 103 patients with PDAC who underwent radical resection at Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital (2011-2018) were enrolled in this retrospective study. Of the 103 patients, 75 received perioperative oral care by dentists and dental hygienists (oral care group), whereas 28 did not (control group). Univariate and multivariate analyses with propensity score as a covariate were used to investigate the incidence and risk factors of SSIs in the oral care and control groups. RESULTS The incidence of SSIs was significantly lower in the oral care group than in the control group (12.0% vs. 39.3%, P = 0.004). Logistic regression analysis revealed that a soft pancreas, the surgical procedure (pancreaticoduodenectomy), blood transfusion, diabetes mellitus, and the absence of oral care intervention were risk factors for SSIs. The odds ratio for the absence of oral care intervention was 6.090 (95% confidence interval: 1.750-21.200, P = 0.004). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that perioperative oral care may reduce the risk of developing SSIs after pancreatic cancer surgery. These findings need to be evaluated in future prospective studies. TRIAL REGISTRATION UMIN registration number: UMIN000042082; October 15, 2020, retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Nobuhara
- Department of Dentistry, Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital, 1-5-54 Ujina-Kanda, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8530, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Matsugu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital, 1-5-54 Ujina-Kanda, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8530, Japan. .,Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Transplant Surgery, Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital, 1-5-54 Ujina-Kanda, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8530, Japan.
| | - Junko Tanaka
- Department of Epidemiology, Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Akita
- Department of Epidemiology, Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Keiko Ito
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital, 1-5-54 Ujina-Kanda, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8530, Japan
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Martí-Cruchaga P, Cienfuegos JA, Rotellar F. Neoadjuvant treatment in localized and resectable cancer of the pancreas: a new therapeutic paradigm. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE ENFERMEDADES DIGESTIVAS 2022; 114:371-374. [DOI: 10.17235/reed.2022.8925/2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Jun E, Koo B, Kim EJ, Hwang DW, Lee JH, Song KB, Lee W, Park Y, Hong S, Shin Y, Kim SC. Analysis of KRAS Mutation Subtype in Tissue DNA and Cell-Free DNA Using Droplet Digital PCR and the Function of Cell-Free DNA as a Recurrence Predictive Marker in Pancreatic Cancer. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111599. [PMID: 34829828 PMCID: PMC8615414 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
KRAS mutation is a major regulator in the tumor progression of pancreatic cancer. Here, we compared the frequency and mutation burden of KRAS mutation subtypes with paired tumor tissue and blood in patients and examined their clinical significance. DNA from tumor tissues and cell-free DNA (cfDNA) from preoperative blood were obtained from 70 patients with pancreatic cancer. Subtypes and mutation burdens of KRAS G12D and G12V mutations were evaluated using droplet digital PCR. Comparing the presence of mutations in tissue, accumulative and simultaneous mutations of G12D or G12V were identified of 67 (95.7%), and 48 patients (68.6%). Conversely, in blood, they were only identified in 18 (25.7%) and four (5.7%) patients; respectively. Next, comparing the mutation burden in tissue, the mutation burden varied from less than 0.1 to more than five, whereas that of cfDNA in blood was mostly between one and five, as cases with a mutation burden lower than 0.1 and higher than five were rare. Finally, the presence of the G12V mutation alone in cfDNA and the combination of the G12V mutation with elevated CA 19-9 levels were associated with poor recurrence-free survival. These fundamental data on the KRAS mutation subtypes and their clinical significance could support their potential as predictive markers for postoperative recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunsung Jun
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea;
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (D.W.H.); (J.H.L.); (K.B.S.); (W.L.); (Y.P.); (S.H.)
- Correspondence: (E.J.); (Y.S.); (S.C.K.); Tel.: +82-2-3010-1696 (E.J.); +82-2-2123-2885 (Y.S.); +82-2-3010-3936 (S.C.K.); Fax: +82-2-474-9027 (E.J.); +82-2-362-7265 (Y.S.); +82-2-474-9027 (S.C.K.)
| | - Bonhan Koo
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea;
| | - Eo Jin Kim
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea;
| | - Dae Wook Hwang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (D.W.H.); (J.H.L.); (K.B.S.); (W.L.); (Y.P.); (S.H.)
| | - Jae Hoon Lee
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (D.W.H.); (J.H.L.); (K.B.S.); (W.L.); (Y.P.); (S.H.)
| | - Ki Byung Song
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (D.W.H.); (J.H.L.); (K.B.S.); (W.L.); (Y.P.); (S.H.)
| | - Woohyung Lee
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (D.W.H.); (J.H.L.); (K.B.S.); (W.L.); (Y.P.); (S.H.)
| | - Yejong Park
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (D.W.H.); (J.H.L.); (K.B.S.); (W.L.); (Y.P.); (S.H.)
| | - Sarang Hong
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (D.W.H.); (J.H.L.); (K.B.S.); (W.L.); (Y.P.); (S.H.)
| | - Yong Shin
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea;
- Correspondence: (E.J.); (Y.S.); (S.C.K.); Tel.: +82-2-3010-1696 (E.J.); +82-2-2123-2885 (Y.S.); +82-2-3010-3936 (S.C.K.); Fax: +82-2-474-9027 (E.J.); +82-2-362-7265 (Y.S.); +82-2-474-9027 (S.C.K.)
| | - Song Cheol Kim
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (D.W.H.); (J.H.L.); (K.B.S.); (W.L.); (Y.P.); (S.H.)
- Correspondence: (E.J.); (Y.S.); (S.C.K.); Tel.: +82-2-3010-1696 (E.J.); +82-2-2123-2885 (Y.S.); +82-2-3010-3936 (S.C.K.); Fax: +82-2-474-9027 (E.J.); +82-2-362-7265 (Y.S.); +82-2-474-9027 (S.C.K.)
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Schneider G, Wirth M, Keller U, Saur D. Rationale for MYC imaging and targeting in pancreatic cancer. EJNMMI Res 2021; 11:104. [PMID: 34637026 PMCID: PMC8511206 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-021-00843-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence and lethality of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) will continue to increase in the next decade. For most patients, chemotherapeutic combination therapies remain the standard of care. The development and successful implementation of precision oncology in other gastrointestinal tumor entities point to opportunities also for PDAC. Therefore, markers linked to specific therapeutic responses and important subgroups of the disease are needed. The MYC oncogene is a relevant driver in PDAC and is linked to drug resistance and sensitivity. Here, we update recent insights into MYC biology in PDAC, summarize the connections between MYC and drug responses, and point to an opportunity to image MYC non-invasively. In sum, we propose MYC-associated biology as a basis for the development of concepts for precision oncology in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Günter Schneider
- Medical Clinic and Policlinic II, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, TU Munich, 81675, Munich, Germany. .,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany. .,Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Matthias Wirth
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany. .,Department of Hematology, Oncology and Cancer Immunology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12203, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Ulrich Keller
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Hematology, Oncology and Cancer Immunology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12203, Berlin, Germany.,Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dieter Saur
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Insititute for Translational Cancer Research and Experimental Cancer Therapy, MRI, TU Munich, 81675, Munich, Germany
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Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is an almost incurable malignancy whose incidence has increased over the past 30 years. Instead of pursuing the development of modalities utilizing 'traditional' cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents, we have explored the possibilities of developing novel multi-kinase inhibitor drug combinations to kill this tumor type. Several approaches using the multi-kinase inhibitors sorafenib, regorafenib, and neratinib have been safely translated from the bench to the bedside, with objective anti-tumor responses. This review will discuss our prior preclinical and clinical studies and discuss future clinical opportunities in this disease.
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