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Pacilli M, Kamaleswaran R. New Genetic Biomarkers to Diagnose Pediatric Appendicitis. JAMA Pediatr 2024; 178:341-342. [PMID: 38372987 DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.6731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Pacilli
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Monash Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rishikesan Kamaleswaran
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta
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Ding K, Jiang X, Wang Z, Zou L, Cui J, Li X, Shu C, Li A, Zhou J. JAC4 Inhibits EGFR-Driven Lung Adenocarcinoma Growth and Metastasis through CTBP1-Mediated JWA/AMPK/NEDD4L/EGFR Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108794. [PMID: 37240137 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common lung cancer, with high mortality. As a tumor-suppressor gene, JWA plays an important role in blocking pan-tumor progression. JAC4, a small molecular-compound agonist, transcriptionally activates JWA expression both in vivo and in vitro. However, the direct target and the anticancer mechanism of JAC4 in LUAD have not been elucidated. Public transcriptome and proteome data sets were used to analyze the relationship between JWA expression and patient survival in LUAD. The anticancer activities of JAC4 were determined through in vitro and in vivo assays. The molecular mechanism of JAC4 was assessed by Western blot, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), immunofluorescence (IF), ubiquitination assay, co-immunoprecipitation, and mass spectrometry (MS). Cellular thermal shift and molecule-docking assays were used for confirmation of the interactions between JAC4/CTBP1 and AMPK/NEDD4L. JWA was downregulated in LUAD tissues. Higher expression of JWA was associated with a better prognosis of LUAD. JAC4 inhibited LUAD cell proliferation and migration in both in-vitro and in-vivo models. Mechanistically, JAC4 increased the stability of NEDD4L through AMPK-mediated phosphorylation at Thr367. The WW domain of NEDD4L, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, interacted with EGFR, thus promoting ubiquitination at K716 and the subsequent degradation of EGFR. Importantly, the combination of JAC4 and AZD9191 synergistically inhibited the growth and metastasis of EGFR-mutant lung cancer in both subcutaneous and orthotopic NSCLC xenografts. Furthermore, direct binding of JAC4 to CTBP1 blocked nuclear translocation of CTBP1 and then removed its transcriptional suppression on the JWA gene. The small-molecule JWA agonist JAC4 plays a therapeutic role in EGFR-driven LUAD growth and metastasis through the CTBP1-mediated JWA/AMPK/NEDD4L/EGFR axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Ding
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology & Toxicology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xuqian Jiang
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology & Toxicology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Zhangding Wang
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology & Toxicology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Lu Zou
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology & Toxicology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jiahua Cui
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology & Toxicology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xiong Li
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology & Toxicology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Chuanjun Shu
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Aiping Li
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology & Toxicology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jianwei Zhou
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology & Toxicology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
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Yang Y, Guo C, Gu Z, Hua J, Zhang J, Qian S, Shi J. The Global Burden of Appendicitis in 204 Countries and Territories from 1990 to 2019. Clin Epidemiol 2022; 14:1487-1499. [PMID: 36536897 PMCID: PMC9758930 DOI: 10.2147/clep.s376665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Appendicitis is a common surgical emergency. This study aimed to estimate the worldwide burden and trends of appendicitis from 1990 to 2019. METHODS Data on appendicitis were derived from the Global Burden of Disease 2019. Incidence and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) data were analyzed at global, regional, and national levels and stratified by sex, age, and socio-demographic index. The estimated annual percentage change and relative change were used to assess changing trends. Pearson's correlation test was used to assess the correlation between different measures. RESULTS Global incidence grew by 63.55% between 1990 and 2019, age-standardized incidence rate climbed by an estimated percentage change of 0.58 per year, whereas the number of DALY declined by 31.93% during the same period, with an estimated annual percentage change of -2.77. In 2019, the areas of Andean Latin America and the Caribbean had the highest age-standardized rates of incidence and DALYs. While South Asia saw the largest increase in age-standardized incidence rates, Andean Latin America saw the biggest decline in age-standardized rates of incidence and DALYs. At the national level, Bangladesh, Bhutan, and Peru were the top three countries in terms of age-standardized incidence rates in 2019, and Honduras, Haiti, and the Central African Republic held the highest age-standardized DALY rates. Ethiopia experienced the most age-standardized incidence rate increase, and Peru saw the largest decline in age-standardized rate of incidence and DALYs. Significant negative correlations between age-standardized DALY rates and socio-demographic index, between estimated annual percentage change and age-standardized incidence rates, were observed at the national level. CONCLUSION Appendicitis remains a major global health concern. Although the trends in DALYs decreased, the burden of incidence increased from 1990 to 2019. Policymakers should create health policies adapted to local conditions to manage the burden of appendicitis globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongping Yang
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengjun Guo
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaoxuan Gu
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junjie Hua
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaxuan Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Siyu Qian
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Shi
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
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Psaltis E, Zaitoun AM, Neal KR, Lobo DN. Immunohistochemical Inflammation in Histologically Normal Appendices in Patients with Right Iliac Fossa Pain. World J Surg 2021; 45:3592-3602. [PMID: 34392384 PMCID: PMC8572837 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-021-06288-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Histologically normal appendices resected for right iliac fossa pain in children demonstrate immunohistochemical markers of inflammation. We aimed to establish if subclinical inflammation was present in histologically normal appendices resected from adults with right iliac fossa pain. METHODS Immunohistochemistry was performed on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded appendices for tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-2R and serotonin in four groups: Group I (n = 120): uncomplicated appendicitis, Group II (n = 118): complicated appendicitis (perforation or gangrene), Group III (n = 104): histologically normal appendices resected for right iliac fossa pain and Group IV (n = 106) appendices resected at elective colectomy. Expression was quantified using the H-scoring system. RESULTS Median, interquartile range expression of TNF-α was increased in Groups I (5.9, 3.1-9.8), II (6.8, 3.6-12.1) and III (9.8, 6.2-15.2) when compared with Group IV (3.0, 1.4-4.7, p < 0.01). Epithelial expression of IL-6 in Groups II (44.0, 8.0-97.0) and III (71.0, 18.5-130.0) was increased when compared with Group IV (9.5, 1.0-60.2, p < 0.01). Expression of mucosal IL-2R in Groups I (47.4, 34.8-69.0), II (37.8, 25.4-60.4) and III (18.4, 10.1-34.7) was increased when compared with Group IV (2.8, 1.2-5.7, p < 0.01). Serotonin content in Groups I (3.0, 0-30.0) and II (0, 0-8.5) was decreased when compared with Groups III (49.7, 16.7-107.5) and IV (43.5, 9.5-115.8, p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Histologically normal appendices resected from symptomatic patients exhibited increased proinflammatory cytokine expression on immunohistochemistry suggesting the presence of an inflammatory process not detected on conventional microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanouil Psaltis
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - Abed M Zaitoun
- Pathology, Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - Keith R Neal
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - Dileep N Lobo
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK.
- MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK.
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