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McDaniel JM, Morrissey RL, Dibra D, Patel LR, Xiong S, Zhang Y, Chau GP, Su X, Qi Y, El-Naggar AK, Lozano G. p53R172H and p53R245W Hotspot Mutations Drive Distinct Transcriptomes in Mouse Mammary Tumors Through a Convergent Transcriptional Mediator. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 4:1991-2007. [PMID: 38994678 PMCID: PMC11310746 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-24-0128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Aggressive breast cancers harbor TP53 missense mutations. Tumor cells with TP53 missense mutations exhibit enhanced growth and survival through transcriptional rewiring. To delineate how TP53 mutations in breast cancer contribute to tumorigenesis and progression in vivo, we created a somatic mouse model driven by mammary epithelial cell-specific expression of Trp53 mutations. Mice developed primary mammary tumors reflecting the human molecular subtypes of luminal A, luminal B, HER2-enriched, and triple-negative breast cancer with metastases. Transcriptomic analyses comparing MaPR172H/- or MaPR245W/- mammary tumors to MaP-/- tumors revealed (1) differences in cancer-associated pathways activated in both p53 mutants and (2) Nr5a2 as a novel transcriptional mediator of distinct pathways in p53 mutants. Meta-analyses of human breast tumors corroborated these results. In vitro assays demonstrate mutant p53 upregulates specific target genes that are enriched for Nr5a2 response elements in their promoters. Co-immunoprecipitation studies revealed p53R172H and p53R245W interact with Nr5a2. These findings implicate NR5A2 as a novel mediator of mutant p53 transcriptional activity in breast cancer. SIGNIFICANCE Our findings implicate NR5A2 as a novel mediator of mutant p53 transcriptional activity in breast cancer. NR5A2 may be an important therapeutic target in hard-to-treat breast cancers such as endocrine-resistant tumors and metastatic triple-negative breast cancers harboring TP53 missense mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy M. McDaniel
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - Rhiannon L. Morrissey
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
- Genetics and Epigenetics Graduate Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas.
| | - Denada Dibra
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - Lalit R. Patel
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - Shunbin Xiong
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, Texas.
| | - Gilda P. Chau
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - Xiaoping Su
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - Yuan Qi
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - Adel K. El-Naggar
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - Guillermina Lozano
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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Wang J, Peng Y, Sun H, Aung PP, Resetkova E, Yam C, Sahin AA, Huo L, Ding Q. TRPS1 and GATA3 Expression in Invasive Breast Carcinoma With Apocrine Differentiation. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2024; 148:200-205. [PMID: 37074839 DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2022-0289-oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT.— The recently identified immunohistochemical marker TRPS1 is highly sensitive and specific for invasive breast carcinoma, especially triple-negative breast carcinoma. However, TRPS1 expression in special morphologic subtypes of breast cancer is unclear. OBJECTIVE.— To investigate the expression of TRPS1 in invasive breast cancer with apocrine differentiation, in comparison to the expression of GATA3. DESIGN.— A total of 52 invasive breast carcinomas with apocrine differentiation, comprising 41 triple-negative breast carcinomas and 11 estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR)-negative, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive cases, along with 11 triple-negative breast carcinomas without apocrine differentiation, were evaluated for TRPS1 and GATA3 expression by immunohistochemistry. All tumors were diffusely positive (>90%) for androgen receptor (AR). RESULTS.— Triple-negative breast carcinoma with apocrine differentiation had positive TRPS1 expression in 12% of cases (5 of 41), whereas GATA3 was positive in all cases. Similarly, HER2+/ER- invasive breast carcinoma with apocrine differentiation showed positive TRPS1 in 18% of cases (2 of 11), whereas GATA3 was positive in all cases. In contrast, triple-negative breast carcinoma with strong AR expression but without apocrine differentiation showed both TRPS1 and GATA3 expression in 100% (11 of 11) of cases. CONCLUSIONS.— Most ER-/PR-/AR+ invasive breast carcinomas with apocrine differentiation are TRPS1 negative and GATA3 positive, regardless of HER2 status. Therefore, TRPS1 negativity does not exclude breast origin in tumors with apocrine differentiation. A panel of TRPS1 and GATA3 immunostains can be helpful when the tissue origin of such tumors is clinically relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- From the Department of Pathology (Wang, Aung, Resetkova, Sahin, Huo, Ding), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - Yan Peng
- the Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (Peng)
| | - Hongxia Sun
- the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston (Sun)
| | - Phyu P Aung
- From the Department of Pathology (Wang, Aung, Resetkova, Sahin, Huo, Ding), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - Erika Resetkova
- From the Department of Pathology (Wang, Aung, Resetkova, Sahin, Huo, Ding), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - Clinton Yam
- the Department of Breast Medical Oncology (Yam), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - Aysegul A Sahin
- From the Department of Pathology (Wang, Aung, Resetkova, Sahin, Huo, Ding), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - Lei Huo
- From the Department of Pathology (Wang, Aung, Resetkova, Sahin, Huo, Ding), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - Qingqing Ding
- From the Department of Pathology (Wang, Aung, Resetkova, Sahin, Huo, Ding), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
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3
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Hansda AK, Biswas B, Goswami R. 17-β Estradiol (E2) distinctly regulates the expression of IL-4 and IL-13 in Th2 cells via modulating the interplay between GATA3 and PU.1. Cytokine 2024; 173:156440. [PMID: 37984154 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
17-β Estradiol (E2) has long standing known functions in regulating human physiology as well as immune system. E2 is known to elicit a protective role against experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and has been used as a drug for treatment against multiple sclerosis. Moreover, E2 regulates the adaptive immune system by directly affecting the T helper cell subsets differentiation and antibody secretion mediated by B cells. Reports have shown that E2 promotes Th1 and Treg cell differentiation; whereas it attenuated the Th17 and Tfh cell differentiation. Albeit multiple and contrasting studies, the mechanisms of behind E2 action on Th2 cells remained understudied. Hence, we sought to dissect the impact of E2 in Th2 cell differentiation. In this study, we elucidated the molecular mechanisms behind E2-mediated regulation of the differentiation of Th2 cells. We observed that E2 significantly attenuated the IL-4-secreting Th2 population in an ERα-dependent manner. We validated these findings using ICI 182, 780, an antagonist to ERα, not ERβ and ectopically overexpressing ERα in Th2 cells. We further determined that ERα alters the recruitment of GATA3 and PU.1 to Il4 gene by directly interacting with them. This altered recruitment was observed to be stronger at Il4 than Il13 locus. Interestingly, we detected a distinct recruitment of GATA3 and PU.1 at Il13 gene; however, there was no E2-mediated broad alteration in the recruitment of histone-modifiers at Il13 locus. These findings suggest that E2 regulates Il4 in a distinctly separate mechanism as opposed to Il13 locus in Th2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Biswajit Biswas
- School of Bioscience, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India
| | - Ritobrata Goswami
- School of Bioscience, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India.
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4
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Li JJX, Tse GM. Marker assessments in ER-positive breast cancers: old markers, new applications? Histopathology 2023; 82:218-231. [PMID: 35945680 DOI: 10.1111/his.14767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Evaluation of oestrogen receptor (ER) expression by immunostaining is essential in the pathological assessment of breast cancer. Its expression is intercorrelated with clinicopathological features, molecular typing, and treatment selection. The development of novel therapeutic agents related to ER status, the recent ASCO introduction of an ER-low positive category of breast cancers, and the ever-increasing plethora of diagnostic and theragnostic markers call for a timely update. In this article we aim to review the clinicopathological features of ER-positive breast cancers, with an emphasis on ER-low positive breast cancers, and a focus on updating the (i) assessment, reporting and interpretation of ER immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, (ii) correlations of ER status with other diagnostic and theragnostic markers, and (iii) implications for treatment selection and response. In the face of the developments in IHC and molecular techniques and targeted therapy, ER immunostaining is still expected to remain as the core component of prognostic and theragnostic assessment of breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua J X Li
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Gary M Tse
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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5
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Vizgan N, Jokar TO, Enayati L, Salyana M, Gotlieb VK. Presentation and treatment of aggressive, Triple-Negative carcinosarcoma of the breast. Clin Case Rep 2022; 10:e6020. [PMID: 35865780 PMCID: PMC9291258 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.6020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
An extremely rare form of breast cancer, breast carcinosarcoma accounts for less than a percent of all breast malignancies and is highly aggressive. Composed of both cancerous epithelial and mesenchymal cell types, breast carcinosarcoma is associated with a poor prognosis compared to more common breast cancers, and typically lack the receptors typical of other breast carcinomas, which minimize potential targets for treatment. In this case report, we discuss a 56-year-old patient affected by carcinosarcoma of the breast at a T2N1 stage, and the decision-making process that factored into her treatment plan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Vizgan
- Department of ChemistryWesleyan UniversityMiddletownConnecticutUSA
| | | | - Ladan Enayati
- Department of Haematology/OncologyBrookdale University Hospital and Medical CenterBrooklynNew YorkUSA
| | - Muhammad Salyana
- Department of Haematology/OncologyBrookdale University Hospital and Medical CenterBrooklynNew YorkUSA
| | - Vladimir K. Gotlieb
- Department of Haematology/OncologyBrookdale University Hospital and Medical CenterBrooklynNew YorkUSA
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6
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Ding Q, Huo L, Peng Y, Yoon EC, Li Z, Sahin AA. Immunohistochemical Markers for Distinguishing Metastatic Breast Carcinoma from Other Common Malignancies: Update and Revisit. Semin Diagn Pathol 2022; 39:313-321. [DOI: 10.1053/j.semdp.2022.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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7
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Zhang W, Liu L, Zhao S, Chen L, Wei Y, Chen W, Ge F. Research progress on RNA‑binding proteins in breast cancer (Review). Oncol Lett 2022; 23:121. [PMID: 35261635 PMCID: PMC8867207 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women, and the abnormal regulation of gene expression serves an important role in its occurrence and development. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying gene expression are highly complex and heterogeneous, and RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are among the key regulatory factors. RBPs bind targets in an environment-dependent or environment-independent manner to influence mRNA stability and the translation of genes involved in the formation, progression, metastasis and treatment of breast cancer. Due to the growing interest in these regulators, the present review summarizes the most influential studies concerning RBPs associated with breast cancer to elucidate the role of RBPs in breast cancer and to assess how they interact with other key pathways to provide new molecular targets for the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhu Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Linlin Liu
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Shengdi Zhao
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Yuxian Wei
- Department of Endocrine Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Wenlin Chen
- Third Department of Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650118, P.R. China
| | - Fei Ge
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
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8
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Hassani B, Taheri M, Asgari Y, Zekri A, Sattari A, Ghafouri-Fard S, Pouresmaeili F. Expression Analysis of Long Non-Coding RNAs Related With FOXM1, GATA3, FOXA1 and ESR1 in Breast Tissues. Front Oncol 2021; 11:671418. [PMID: 34094972 PMCID: PMC8171254 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.671418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common neoplasm among females. Estrogen receptor (ESR) signaling has a prominent impact in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. Among the transcription factors associated with ESR signaling, FOXM1, GATA3, FOXA1 and ESR1 have been suggested as a candidate in the pathogenesis of this neoplasm. In the current project, we have designed an in silico approach to find long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that regulate these transcription factors. Then, we used clinical samples to carry out validation of our in silico findings. Our systems biology method led to the identification of APTR, AC144450.1, linc00663, ZNF337.AS1, and RAMP2.AS1 lncRNAs. Subsequently, we assessed the expression of these genes in breast cancer tissues compared with the adjacent non-cancerous tissues (ANCTs). Expression of GATA3 was significantly higher in breast cancer tissues compared with ANCTs (Ratio of mean expressions (RME) = 4.99, P value = 3.12E−04). Moreover, expression levels of APTR, AC144450.1, and ZNF337.AS1 were elevated in breast cancer tissues compared with control tissues (RME = 2.27, P value = 5.40E−03; Ratio of mean expressions = 615.95, P value = 7.39E−19 and RME = 1.78, P value = 3.40E−02, respectively). On the other hand, the expression of RAMP2.AS1 was lower in breast cancer tissues than controls (RME = 0.31, P value = 1.87E−03). Expression levels of FOXA1, ESR1, and FOXM1 and linc00663 were not significantly different between the two sets of samples. Expression of GATA3 was significantly associated with stage (P value = 4.77E−02). Moreover, expressions of FOXA1 and RAMP2.AS1 were associated with the mitotic rate (P values = 2.18E−02 and 1.77E−02, respectively). Finally, expressions of FOXM1 and ZNF337.AS1 were associated with breastfeeding duration (P values = 3.88E−02 and 4.33E−02, respectively). Based on the area under receiver operating characteristics curves, AC144450.1 had the optimal diagnostic power in differentiating between cancerous and non-cancerous tissues (AUC = 0.95, Sensitivity = 0.90, Specificity = 0.96). The combination of expression levels of all genes slightly increased the diagnostic power (AUC = 0.96). While there were several significant pairwise correlations between expression levels of genes in non-tumoral tissues, the most robust correlation was identified between linc00663 and RAMP2.AS1 (r = 0.61, P value = 3.08E−8). In the breast cancer tissues, the strongest correlations were reported between FOXM1/ZNF337.AS1 and FOXM1/RAMP2.AS1 pairs (r = 0.51, P value = 4.79E−5 and r = 0.51, P value = 6.39E−5, respectively). The current investigation suggests future assessment of the functional role of APTR, AC144450.1 and ZNF337.AS1 in the development of breast neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bita Hassani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yazdan Asgari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Zekri
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular biology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Sattari
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Men's Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farkhondeh Pouresmaeili
- Men's Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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9
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Ai D, Yao J, Yang F, Huo L, Chen H, Lu W, Soto LMS, Jiang M, Raso MG, Wang S, Bell D, Liu J, Wang H, Tan D, Torres-Cabala C, Gan Q, Wu Y, Albarracin C, Hung MC, Meric-Bernstam F, Wistuba II, Prieto VG, Sahin AA, Ding Q. TRPS1: a highly sensitive and specific marker for breast carcinoma, especially for triple-negative breast cancer. Mod Pathol 2021; 34:710-719. [PMID: 33011748 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-020-00692-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Currently there is no highly specific and sensitive marker to identify breast cancer-the most common malignancy in women. Breast cancer can be categorized as estrogen receptor (ER)/progesterone receptor (PR)-positive luminal, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive, or triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) types based on the expression of ER, PR, and HER2. Although GATA3 is the most widely used tumor marker at present to determine the breast origin, which has been shown to be an excellent marker for ER-positive and low-grade breast cancer, but it does not work well for TNBC with sensitivity as low as <20% in metaplastic breast carcinoma. In the current study, through TCGA data mining we identified trichorhinophalangeal syndrome type 1 (TRPS1) as a specific gene for breast carcinoma across 31 solid tumor types. Moreover, high mRNA level of TRPS1 was found in all four subtypes of breast carcinoma including ER/PR-positive luminal A and B types, HER2-positive type, and basal-type/TNBC. We then analyzed TRPS1 expression in 479 cases of various types of breast cancer using immunochemistry staining, and found that TRPS1 and GATA3 had comparable positive expression in ER-positive (98% vs. 95%) and HER2-positive (87% vs. 88%) breast carcinomas. However, TRPS1 which was highly expressed in TNBC, was significantly higher than GATA3 expression in metaplastic (86% vs. 21%) and nonmetaplastic (86% vs. 51%) TNBC. In addition, TRPS1 expression was evaluated in 1234 cases of solid tumor from different organs. In contrast to the high expression of GATA3 in urothelial carcinoma, TRPS1 showed no or little expression in urothelial carcinomas or in other tumor types including lung adenocarcinoma, pancreatic adenocarcinoma, colon and gastric adenocarcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, melanoma, and ovarian carcinoma. These findings suggest that TRPS1 is a highly sensitive and specific marker for breast carcinoma and can be used as a great diagnostic tool, especially for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Ai
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jun Yao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Fei Yang
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Lei Huo
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Luisa Maren Solis Soto
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Mei Jiang
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Maria Gabriela Raso
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Shufang Wang
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Diana Bell
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jinsong Liu
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Huamin Wang
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Dongfeng Tan
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Carlos Torres-Cabala
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Qiong Gan
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yun Wu
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Constance Albarracin
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Cancer Biology, and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Funda Meric-Bernstam
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ignacio I Wistuba
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Victor G Prieto
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Aysegul A Sahin
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Qingqing Ding
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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10
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Querzoli P, Pedriali M, Rinaldi R, Secchiero P, Rossi PG, Kuhn E. GATA3 as an Adjunct Prognostic Factor in Breast Cancer Patients with Less Aggressive Disease: A Study with a Review of the Literature. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:604. [PMID: 33800667 PMCID: PMC8066261 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11040604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND GATA binding protein 3 (GATA3) expression is positively correlated with estrogen receptor (ER) expression, but its prognostic value as an independent factor remains unclear. Thus, we undertook the current study to evaluate the expression of GATA3 and its prognostic value in a large series of breast carcinomas (BCs) with long-term follow-up. METHODS A total of 702 consecutive primary invasive BCs resected between 1989 and 1993 in our institution were arranged in tissue microarrays, immunostained for ER, progesterone receptor (PR), ki-67, HER2, p53, and GATA3, and scored. Clinico-pathological data were retrospectively collected. RESULTS GATA3 was evaluable in 608 (87%) of the 702 cases; it was positive in 413 (68%) cases and negative in 195 (32%) cases. GATA3 positivity was significantly associated with lower grade (p < 0.0001), size (p = 0.0463), stage (p = 0.0049), ER+ (p < 0.0001), PR+ (p < 0.0001), HER2- (p = 0.0175), and p53 wild-type pattern (p < 0.0001). The median follow-up was 183 months, GATA3 positivity was associated with better overall survival (HR 0.70, p = 0.001), and its prognostic value was retained in a multivariate analysis. The association with better overall survival was stronger in patients with grade 1-2, pT1-2, pN0, stage I-II, ER+, PR+, ki-67 < 20%, HER2-, a wild-type p53 immunohistochemical pattern, and in luminal B BC. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that GATA3 is a positive prognostic marker in BC patients, especially in patients with biologically less aggressive BC. Incorporating GATA3 immunohistochemistry into routine practice could help further stratify BC patients for their risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Querzoli
- Section of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44124 Ferrara, Italy; (P.Q.); (M.P.)
| | - Massimo Pedriali
- Section of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44124 Ferrara, Italy; (P.Q.); (M.P.)
| | - Rosa Rinaldi
- Section of Anatomic Pathology, ASST Mantova, Ospedale Carlo Poma, 46100 Mantova, Italy;
| | - Paola Secchiero
- Surgery and Experimental Medicine and Interdepartmental Center of Technology of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), Department of Morphology, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Paolo Giorgi Rossi
- Epidemiology Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Elisabetta Kuhn
- Division of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milano, Italy
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11
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Cho HW, Jin HS, Eom YB. MYLK and PTGS1 Genetic Variations Associated with Osteoporosis and Benign Breast Tumors in Korean Women. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:378. [PMID: 33800915 PMCID: PMC7998336 DOI: 10.3390/genes12030378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis, characterized by reduced bone mass and increased bone fragility, is a disease prevalent in women. Likewise, breast cancer is a multifactorial disease and considered the major cause of mortality in premenopausal and postmenopausal women worldwide. Our data demonstrated the association of the MYLK gene and PTGS1 gene variants with osteoporosis and benign breast tumor risk and the impact of ovariectomy on osteoporosis in Korean women. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of women with osteoporosis and benign breast tumors. There were 60 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 12 SNPs in the MYLK and PTGS1 genes, associated with benign breast tumors and osteoporosis. Our study showed that women with homozygous MYLK rs12163585 major alleles had an increased risk of osteoporosis following ovariectomy compared to those with minor alleles. Women carrying the minor PTGS1 rs1213265 allele and not treated via ovariectomy carried a higher risk of osteoporosis than those who underwent ovariectomy with a homozygous genotype at the major alleles. Our results suggest that both the MYLK and PTGS1 genes are genetic factors associated with the phenotypes, and these associations appear to be modulated by ovariectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Won Cho
- Department of Medical Sciences, Graduate School, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam 31538, Korea;
| | - Hyun-Seok Jin
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Life and Health Sciences, Hoseo University, Asan, Chungnam 31499, Korea;
| | - Yong-Bin Eom
- Department of Medical Sciences, Graduate School, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam 31538, Korea;
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam 31538, Korea
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12
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Popeda M, Markiewicz A, Stokowy T, Szade J, Niemira M, Kretowski A, Bednarz-Knoll N, Zaczek AJ. Reduced expression of innate immunity-related genes in lymph node metastases of luminal breast cancer patients. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5097. [PMID: 33658651 PMCID: PMC7930267 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84568-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune system plays a dual role in cancer by either targeting or supporting neoplastic cells at various stages of disease, including metastasis. Yet, the exact immune-related transcriptome profiles of primary tumours (PT) and lymph node metastases (LNM) and their evolution during luminal breast cancer (BCa) dissemination remain undiscovered. In order to identify the immune-related transcriptome changes that accompany lymphatic spread, we analysed PT-LNM pairs of luminal BCa using NanoString technology. Decrease in complement C3-one of the top-downregulated genes, in LNM was validated at the protein level using immunohistochemistry. Thirty-three of 360 analysed genes were downregulated (9%), whereas only 3 (0.8%) upregulated in LNM when compared to the corresponding PT. In LNM, reduced expression was observed in genes related to innate immunity, particularly to the complement system (C1QB, C1S, C1R, C4B, CFB, C3, SERPING1 and C3AR1). In validation cohort, complement C3 protein was less frequently expressed in LNM than in PT and it was associated with worse prognosis. To conclude, local expression of the complement system components declines during lymphatic spread of non-metastatic luminal BCa, whilst further reduction of tumoral complement C3 in LNM is indicative for poor survival. This points to context-dependent role of complement C3 in BCa dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Popeda
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Markiewicz
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Tomasz Stokowy
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5021, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jolanta Szade
- Department of Pathomorphology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Magdalena Niemira
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Adam Kretowski
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Natalia Bednarz-Knoll
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Anna J Zaczek
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211, Gdansk, Poland.
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13
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Wang HY, Thorson JA, Hinds BR, Swalchick W, Parker BA, Chong A, Wallace AM, Goodman AM. Cutaneous intralymphatic anaplastic lymphoma kinase-negative anaplastic large-cell lymphoma arising in a patient with multiple rounds of breast implants. J Cutan Pathol 2020; 48:659-662. [PMID: 33314229 DOI: 10.1111/cup.13936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Primary cutaneous anaplastic large-cell lymphoma and breast implant-associated ALCL (BIA-ALCL) are rare subtypes of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-negative ALCLs originating from skin and breast implants, respectively. Herein, we report a unique case of cutaneous ALK-negative ALCL occurring in the skin of left medial breast from a patient with multiple rounds of bilateral breast implants and a history of breast carcinoma. The lymphoma cells are entirely confined to the lymphatic channels in the dermis, and the patient has no other areas of skin abnormality, no lymphadenopathy, peri-implant fluid accumulation, or masses from the bilateral capsules of implants. The differential diagnosis and its relationship with breast implants are further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-You Wang
- Division of Laboratory and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego Health System, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - John A Thorson
- Division of Laboratory and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego Health System, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Brian R Hinds
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Diego Health System, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - William Swalchick
- Division of Laboratory and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego Health System, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Barbara A Parker
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego Health System, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Alice Chong
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego Health System, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Anne M Wallace
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego Health System, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Aaron M Goodman
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplant, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego Health System, La Jolla, California, USA
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14
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Wang C, Yang S, Jin L, Dai G, Yao Q, Xiang H, Zhang Y, Liu X, Xue B. Biological and Clinical Significance of GATA3 Detected from TCGA Database and FFPE Sample in Bladder Cancer Patients. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:945-958. [PMID: 32099398 PMCID: PMC6999784 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s237099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of the present study was to investigate the biological and clinical significance of GATA binding protein 3 (GATA3) in bladder cancer patients. Patients and Methods For the detection of the correlation between GATA3 expression and bladder cancer, we downloaded the mRNA expression data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and conducted immunohistochemistry staining on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) sample tissues. Then, bladder cancer cell lines were utilized to investigate the potential functions of GATA3 by cell apoptosis, proliferation and cycle assays. Results The mRNA data from TCGA database and bladder cancer cell lines suggested that GATA3 mRNA expression was significantly higher compared with normal tissues and cells. Conversely, the Western blot assay revealed that the expression of GATA3 was significantly lower in bladder cancer than normal urothelial cell line. Additionally, we found that over-expression of GATA3 was significantly associated with tumor subtype (P = 0.001 in TCGA; P = 0.004 in FFPE tissues), earlier clinical stage (P < 0.001 in TCGA; P < 0.001 in FFPE) and lower grade tumor (P = 0.057 in TCGA; P = 0.002 in FFPE). Kaplan-Meier analysis and multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that age (P < 0.001 in both cohort), clinical stage (P = 0.028 in TCGA; P = 0.011 in FFPE), recurrence (P < 0.001) and low GATA3 in TCGA cohort (P = 0.035) but high GATA3 in FFPE cohort (P = 0.033) were independent risk factors for overall survival in patients. The assay to detect potential functions of GATA3 indicated that this biomarker could arrest the cell cycle of G2/M and S phase in T24 cells, and inhibit bladder cancer cells proliferation. Conclusion Collectively, our findings identified that GATA3 served as an important prognosis biomarker for bladder cancer patients. However, the mechanism of GATA3 in bladder cancer deserves further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglu Wang
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Yang
- Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Jin
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangcheng Dai
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiu Yao
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Xiang
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongsheng Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, People's Republic of China
| | - Boxin Xue
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, People's Republic of China
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15
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Cornelissen LM, de Bruijn R, Henneman L, Kim Y, Zwart W, Jonkers J. GATA3 Truncating Mutations Promote Cistromic Re-Programming In Vitro, but Not Mammary Tumor Formation in Mice. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2019; 24:271-284. [PMID: 31218575 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-019-09432-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterozygous mutations in the transcription factor GATA3 are identified in 10-15% of all breast cancer cases. Most of these are protein-truncating mutations, concentrated within or downstream of the second GATA-type zinc-finger domain. Here, we investigated the functional consequences of expression of two truncated GATA3 mutants, in vitro in breast cancer cell lines and in vivo in the mouse mammary gland. We found that the truncated GATA3 mutants display altered DNA binding activity caused by preferred tethering through FOXA1. In addition, expression of the truncated GATA3 mutants reduces E-cadherin expression and promotes anchorage-independent growth in vitro. However, we could not identify any effects of truncated GATA3 expression on mammary gland development or mammary tumor formation in mice. Together, our results demonstrate that both truncated GATA3 mutants promote cistromic re-programming of GATA3 in vitro, but these mutants are not sufficient to induce tumor formation in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisette M Cornelissen
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Roebi de Bruijn
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenisis, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066CX, The Netherlands
| | - Linda Henneman
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Mouse Clinic for Cancer and Aging - Transgenic facility, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066CX, The Netherlands
| | - Yongsoo Kim
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenisis, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066CX, The Netherlands
- Division of Oncogenomics, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wilbert Zwart
- Division of Oncogenomics, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular systems, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Jos Jonkers
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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16
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Shee K, Strait AM, Liu X. Biomarkers to diagnose metastatic breast carcinoma to the pancreas: A case report and update. Diagn Cytopathol 2019; 47:912-917. [PMID: 31087784 DOI: 10.1002/dc.24210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The patient is a 72-year-old female who presents with new onset jaundice. The patient has a past medical history significant for right-sided estrogen receptor (ER)-positive and left-sided ER-negative breast cancers in 2005 and 2009, respectively, and recent 1-year history of ER-positive right-sided breast cancer with bone and brain metastases. CT scan and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) revealed a new 2 cm mass in the head of the pancreas, leading to EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration of the lesion. Pathologic workup revealed adenocarcinoma with signet-ring cells, representing either metastatic breast or primary pancreatic cancer. Immunohistochemistry and molecular diagnostic workup identified positive GATA-binding protein 3 (GATA3) immunoreactivity and a mutation in Erb-B2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (ERBB2), also known as human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Here, we review the diagnostic markers commonly used to differentiate metastatic breast vs primary pancreatic adenocarcinoma, and discuss the challenges of utilizing GATA3 immunoreactivity and ERBB2 mutations for diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Shee
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Alexander M Strait
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Xiaoying Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
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17
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Gilmore AR, Alderdice M, Savage KI, O'Reilly PG, Roddy AC, Dunne PD, Lawler M, McDade SS, Waugh DJ, McArt DG. ACE: A Workbench Using Evolutionary Genetic Algorithms for Analyzing Association in TCGA. Cancer Res 2019; 79:2072-2075. [PMID: 30760519 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-1976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Modern methods of acquiring molecular data have improved rapidly in recent years, making it easier for researchers to collect large volumes of information. However, this has increased the challenge of recognizing interesting patterns within the data. Atlas Correlation Explorer (ACE) is a user-friendly workbench for seeking associations between attributes in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. It allows any combination of clinical and genomic data streams to be searched using an evolutionary algorithm approach. To showcase ACE, we assessed which RNA sequencing transcripts were associated with estrogen receptor (ESR1) in the TCGA breast cancer cohort. The analysis revealed already well-established associations with XBP1 and FOXA1, but also identified a strong association with CT62, a potential immunotherapeutic target with few previous associations with breast cancer. In conclusion, ACE can produce results for very large searches in a short time and will serve as an increasingly useful tool for biomarker discovery in the big data era. SIGNIFICANCE: ACE uses an evolutionary algorithm approach to perform large searches for associations between any combinations of data in the TCGA database.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan R Gilmore
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom.
| | - Matthew Alderdice
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Kienan I Savage
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Paul G O'Reilly
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Aideen C Roddy
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Philip D Dunne
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Lawler
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Simon S McDade
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - David J Waugh
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Darragh G McArt
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom.
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18
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Ma L, Xue W, Ma X. GATA3 is downregulated in osteosarcoma and facilitates EMT as well as migration through regulation of slug. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:7579-7589. [PMID: 30464506 PMCID: PMC6214586 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s176534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background GATA3 functions as a tumor suppressor and has been observed in multiple types of cancer, but the effects and mechanisms of GATA3 in osteosarcoma (OS) are not yet known. Methods The GATA3 expression in OS cells and tissues were detected using quantitative reverse-transcription PCR and Western blotting assay. CCK-8 assay, colony formation assay, wound healing assay as well as transwell assay, were performed to determine the effects of GATA3 on cell proliferation, migration and invasion. ChIP and qChIP as well as luciferase assay were performed whether GATA3 transcriptionally regulated slug expression. Results GATA3 was downregulated in OS cells and tissues. The GATA3 expression was closely associated with tumor size as well as metastasis. GATA3 significantly suppressed OS cells proliferation, migration and invasion. EMT-associated transcript factor, slug, was transcriptionally inhibited by GATA3, thereby regulation of EMT in OS. Conclusion GATA3 serves as a tumor suppressor in OS and suppresses the progression and metastasis of OS through regulation of slug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjie Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang City, Qingzhou 262500, People's Republic of China
| | - Wentao Xue
- Department of Orthopedics, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang City, Qingzhou 262500, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianghai Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, People's Hospital of Juxian, Juxian, Shandong 276500, People's Republic of China,
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19
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Lionti S, La Rocca L, Nunnari CM, Barresi V. Strong androgen receptor expression is not useful in distinguishing GATA3 + metastases. Pathol Res Pract 2018; 214:2110-2114. [PMID: 30293951 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2018.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
GATA binding protein 3 (GATA3) immunohistochemical expression is commonly considered to be a sensitive and specific diagnostic marker for breast and urothelial carcinomas in surgical pathology practice. However, since its expression has been also demonstrated in other tumors, GATA3 should be better used in conjunction with other immunohistochemical markers to establish tumor primitivity in metastatic setting. Interestingly, GATA3 expression seems to be significantly correlated with androgen receptor (AR) expression in breast carcinoma. In addition, strong AR expression -defined as immunohistochemical positivity in more than 60% of tumor cells- was suggested to be 100% specific for breast origin in GATA3+ metastases. The aim of this study was to verify whether strong AR expression may actually be useful to determine primivity in GATA3+ metastatic setting. Thus, we investigated AR and GATA3 immuno-expression in a cohort of metastatic tumors derived from urothelial, breast, endometrial and salivary gland carcinomas. We did not find any GATA3 or AR expression in the metastases from endometrial or salivary gland carcinomas, while GATA3 expression was seen in the majority of metastases from urothelial or breast carcinomas. In addition, strong AR expression was seen in 73% and in 47% of metastatic breast and urothelial carcinomas, respectively. On the whole, our findings confirm that GATA3 is sensitive and specific for breast and urothelial origin in metastatic setting. According to our results, strong AR expression is not useful to distinguish breast from urothelial primitivity, as previously suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Lionti
- Dipartimento di Patologia Umana dell'Adulto e dell'Età Evolutiva "G. Barresi", Università di Messina, Italy
| | - Lilli La Rocca
- Dipartimento di Patologia Umana dell'Adulto e dell'Età Evolutiva "G. Barresi", Università di Messina, Italy
| | - Carmela Mirella Nunnari
- Dipartimento di Patologia Umana dell'Adulto e dell'Età Evolutiva "G. Barresi", Università di Messina, Italy
| | - Valeria Barresi
- Dipartimento di Patologia Umana dell'Adulto e dell'Età Evolutiva "G. Barresi", Università di Messina, Italy.
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20
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Zombori T, Cserni G. Immunohistochemical Analysis of the Expression of Breast Markers in Basal-like Breast Carcinomas Defined as Triple Negative Cancers Expressing Keratin 5. Pathol Oncol Res 2018; 24:259-267. [PMID: 28470571 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-017-0246-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen and progesterone receptors are possible markers for suggesting a mammary origin of metastatic carcinoma, but are useless in cases of triple negative breast cancers (TNBC). Five other potential markers of breast origin were investigated on tissue microarrays in a series of TNBCs showing keratin 5 expression, consistent with a basal-like phenotype. GATA-3 staining was observed in 82 of 115 triple negative cases (71.3%) including 23 cases with >5% staining. Mammaglobin staining was detected in 30 cases (26.0%) including 12 with >5% staining. GCDFP-15 was seen in 23 cases (20.0%) including 9 with >5% staining. NY-BR-1 positivity was present in 7 cases (6.0%) including 3 patients with >5% staining. BCA-225 staining was observed in 74 cases (64.3%); however this latter marker lacks also specificity owing to the reported widespread staining in other malignancies. GATA-3, mammaglobin and GCDFP-15 coexpression was seen in one case (0.9%), whereas GATA-3 and mammaglobin or mammaglobin and GCDFP-15 coexpression was present in 2 and 2 cases (1.7%), respectively. Using at least 5% staining as cut-off, the expression of any of the last 4 markers was 34.7%. The expression of GATA-3, mammaglobin, GCDFP-15 and NY-BR-1 is lower in TNBC-s than in breast carcinomas in general, and this may be even lower in basal-like carcinomas. Although these markers are not fully specific, by using them, a subset of basal-like TNBC-s can be identified as of mammary origin. However, a substantial proportion will not show any staining with any of these markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Zombori
- Department of Pathology, University of Szeged, Faculty of Medicine, Állomás u. 1, Szeged, 6725, Hungary.
| | - Gábor Cserni
- Department of Pathology, University of Szeged, Faculty of Medicine, Állomás u. 1, Szeged, 6725, Hungary
- Department of Pathology, Bács-Kiskun County Teaching Hospital, Kecskemét, Hungary
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21
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Takaku M, Grimm SA, Roberts JD, Chrysovergis K, Bennett BD, Myers P, Perera L, Tucker CJ, Perou CM, Wade PA. GATA3 zinc finger 2 mutations reprogram the breast cancer transcriptional network. Nat Commun 2018. [PMID: 29535312 PMCID: PMC5849768 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03478-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
GATA3 is frequently mutated in breast cancer; these mutations are widely presumed to be loss-of function despite a dearth of information regarding their effect on disease course or their mechanistic impact on the breast cancer transcriptional network. Here, we address molecular and clinical features associated with GATA3 mutations. A novel classification scheme defines distinct clinical features for patients bearing breast tumors with mutations in the second GATA3 zinc-finger (ZnFn2). An engineered ZnFn2 mutant cell line by CRISPR–Cas9 reveals that mutation of one allele of the GATA3 second zinc finger (ZnFn2) leads to loss of binding and decreased expression at a subset of genes, including Progesterone Receptor. At other loci, associated with epithelial to mesenchymal transition, gain of binding correlates with increased gene expression. These results demonstrate that not all GATA3 mutations are equivalent and that ZnFn2 mutations impact breast cancer through gain and loss-of function. In breast cancer GATA3 is known to be frequently mutated, but the function of these mutations is unclear. Here, the authors utilise CRISPR-Cas9 to model frame-shift mutations in zinc finger 2 of GATA3, highlighting that GATA3 mutation can have gain- or loss-of function effects in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoki Takaku
- Epigenetics and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Sara A Grimm
- Integrative Bioinformatics, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, 27709, USA
| | - John D Roberts
- Epigenetics and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Kaliopi Chrysovergis
- Epigenetics and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Brian D Bennett
- Integrative Bioinformatics, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Page Myers
- Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, 27709, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Lalith Perera
- Laboratory of Genome Integrity and Structural Biology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Charles J Tucker
- Fluorescence Microscopy and Imaging Center, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Charles M Perou
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Paul A Wade
- Epigenetics and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, 27709, USA.
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22
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Zhang X, Carlisle SM, Doll MA, Martin RCG, States JC, Klinge CM, Hein DW. High N-Acetyltransferase 1 Expression Is Associated with Estrogen Receptor Expression in Breast Tumors, but Is not Under Direct Regulation by Estradiol, 5 α-androstane-3 β,17 β-Diol, or Dihydrotestosterone in Breast Cancer Cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2018; 365:84-93. [PMID: 29339455 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.117.247031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
N-acetyltransferase 1 (NAT1) is an enzyme that metabolizes carcinogens, which suggests a potential role in breast carcinogenesis. High NAT1 expression in breast tumors is associated with estrogen receptor α (ERα+) and the luminal subtype. We report that NAT1 mRNA transcript, protein, and enzyme activity were higher in human breast tumors with high expression of ERα/ESR1 compared with normal breast tissue. There was a strong correlation between NATb promoter and NAT1 protein expression/enzyme activity. High NAT1 expression in tumors was not the result of adipocytes, as evidenced by low perilipin (PLIN) expression. ESR1, NAT1, and XBP1 expression were associated in tumor biopsies. Direct regulation of NAT1 transcription by estradiol (E2) was investigated in ERα (+) MCF-7 and T47D breast cancer cells. E2 did not increase NAT1 transcript expression but increased progesterone receptor expression in a dose-dependent manner. Likewise, NAT1 transcript levels were not increased by dihydrotestosterone (DHT) or 5α-androstane-3β, (3β-adiol) 17β-diol. Dithiothreitol increased levels of the activated, spliced XBP1 in ERα (+) MCF-7 and T47D breast cancer cells but did not affect NAT1 or ESR1 expression. We conclude that NAT1 expression is not directly regulated by E2, DHT, 3β-adiol, or dithiothreitol despite high NAT1 and ESR1 expression in luminal A breast cancer cells, suggesting that ESR1, XBP1, and NAT1 expression may share a common transcriptional network arising from the luminal epithelium associated with better survival in breast cancer. Clusters of high-expression genes, including NAT1, in breast tumors might serve as potential targets for novel therapeutic drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Zhang
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology (X.Z., S.M.C., M.A.D., J.C.S., D.W.H.), Surgery (R.C.G.M.), Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (C.M.K.), and James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Samantha M Carlisle
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology (X.Z., S.M.C., M.A.D., J.C.S., D.W.H.), Surgery (R.C.G.M.), Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (C.M.K.), and James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Mark A Doll
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology (X.Z., S.M.C., M.A.D., J.C.S., D.W.H.), Surgery (R.C.G.M.), Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (C.M.K.), and James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Robert C G Martin
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology (X.Z., S.M.C., M.A.D., J.C.S., D.W.H.), Surgery (R.C.G.M.), Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (C.M.K.), and James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - J Christopher States
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology (X.Z., S.M.C., M.A.D., J.C.S., D.W.H.), Surgery (R.C.G.M.), Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (C.M.K.), and James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Carolyn M Klinge
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology (X.Z., S.M.C., M.A.D., J.C.S., D.W.H.), Surgery (R.C.G.M.), Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (C.M.K.), and James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - David W Hein
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology (X.Z., S.M.C., M.A.D., J.C.S., D.W.H.), Surgery (R.C.G.M.), Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (C.M.K.), and James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky
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23
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Dalasanur Nagaprashantha L, Adhikari R, Singhal J, Chikara S, Awasthi S, Horne D, Singhal SS. Translational opportunities for broad-spectrum natural phytochemicals and targeted agent combinations in breast cancer. Int J Cancer 2017; 142:658-670. [PMID: 28975625 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) prevention and therapy in the context of life-style risk factors and biological drivers is a major focus of developmental therapeutics in oncology. Obesity, alcohol, chronic estrogen signaling and smoking have distinct BC precipitating and facilitating effects that may act alone or in combination. A spectrum of signaling events including enhanced oxidative stress and changes in estrogen-receptor (ER)-dependent and -independent signaling drive the progression of BC. Breast tumors modulate ERα/ERβ ratio, upregulate proliferative pathways driven by ERα and HER2 with a parallel loss and/or downregulation of tumor suppressors such as TP53 and PTEN which together impact the efficacy of therapeutic strategies and frequently lead to emergence of drug resistance. Natural phytochemicals modulate oxidative stress, leptin, integrin, HER2, MAPK, ERK, Wnt/β-catenin and NFκB signaling along with regulating ERα and ERβ, thereby presenting unique opportunities for both primary and combinatorial interventions in BC. In this regard, this article focuses on critical analyses of the evidence from multiple studies on the efficacy of natural phytochemicals in BC. In addition, areas in which the combinations of such effective natural phytochemicals with approved and/or developing anticancer agents can be translationally beneficial are discussed to derive evidence-based inference for addressing challenges in BC control and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jyotsana Singhal
- Department of Molecular Medicine, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA
| | - Shireen Chikara
- Department of Molecular Medicine, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA
| | - Sanjay Awasthi
- Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX
| | - David Horne
- Department of Molecular Medicine, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA
| | - Sharad S Singhal
- Department of Molecular Medicine, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA
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24
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Gustin JP, Miller J, Farag M, Rosen DM, Thomas M, Scharpf RB, Lauring J. GATA3 frameshift mutation promotes tumor growth in human luminal breast cancer cells and induces transcriptional changes seen in primary GATA3 mutant breast cancers. Oncotarget 2017; 8:103415-103427. [PMID: 29262572 PMCID: PMC5732738 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The GATA3 transcription factor is one of the most frequently mutated genes in breast cancer. Heterozygous mutations, mostly frameshifts, are seen in 15% of estrogen receptor positive breast cancers, the subtype in which these mutations are almost exclusively found. Mouse studies have shown that Gata3 is critical for breast development and that GATA3 gene dosage affects breast tumor progression. Human patient data have shown that high Gata3 expression, a feature of luminal subtype breast cancers, is associated with a better prognosis. Although the frequency of GATA3 mutation suggests an important role in breast cancer development or progression, there is little understanding of how mutations in GATA3 affect its function in luminal breast epithelial cells and what gene expression changes result as a consequence of the mutations. Here, using gene editing, we have created two sets of isogenic human luminal breast cancer cell lines with and without a hotspot truncating GATA3 mutation. GATA3 mutation enhanced tumor growth in vivo but did not affect sensitivity to clinically used hormonal therapies or chemotherapeutic agents. We identified genes with upregulated and downregulated expression in GATA3 mutant cells, a subset of which was concordantly differentially expressed in GATA3 mutant primary luminal breast cancers. Addback of mutant GATA3 recapitulated mutation-specific gene expression changes and enhanced soft agar colony formation, suggesting a gain of function for the mutant protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P Gustin
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jernelle Miller
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mina Farag
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - D Marc Rosen
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Matthew Thomas
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Robert B Scharpf
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Josh Lauring
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
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25
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Zhao M, Zhou L, Sun L, Song Y, Guo Y, Zhang X, Zhao F, Wang P, Yue J, Niu D, Li Z, Huang X, Kang Q, Jia L, Lai J, Cao D. GATA3 is a sensitive marker for primary genital extramammary paget disease: an immunohistochemical study of 72 cases with comparison to gross cystic disease fluid protein 15. Diagn Pathol 2017; 12:51. [PMID: 28693610 PMCID: PMC5504764 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-017-0638-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background GATA-binding protein 3 (GATA3) has been identified as a sensitive marker for breast carcinoma but its sensitivity in primary genital extramammary Paget diseases (EMPDs) has not been well studied. Methods Here we investigated immunohistochemical expression of GATA3 in 72 primary genital EMPDs (35 from female, 37 from male; 45 with intraepithelial disease only, 26 with both intraepithelial disease and invasive adenocarcinoma including 14 also metastasis, 1 with metastatic adenocarcinoma only for study). We also compared GATA3 to gross cystic disease fluid protein 15 (GCDFP15) for their sensitivity. Results Positive GATA3 staining was seen in all 71 (100%) intraepithelial diseases, 25/26 (96%; female 10/10, male 15/16) invasive adenocarcinomas and 14/15 (93%; female 3/3, male 11/12) metastatic adenocarcinomas, respectively. Positive GCDFP15 staining was seen in 46/71 (65%; female 28/34 or 82%, male 18/37 or 49%) intraepithelial diseases, 20/26 (77%; female 9/10, male 11/16) invasive adenocarcinomas, and 12/15 (80%; female 2/3, male 10/12) metastatic adenocarcinomas, respectively (GATA3 versus GCDFP15: p < 0.01 for both intraepithelial disease and invasive adenocarcinoma, p = 0.28 for metastatic adenocarcinoma). In positive-stained cases, GATA3 stained more tumor cells than GCDFP15 (79% versus 25% for intraepithelial disease, 71% vs 34% for invasive adenocarcinoma, 73% vs 50% for metastatic adenocarcinoma, p < 0.01 for all 3 components). Conclusions Our findings indicate that GATA3 is a very sensitive marker for primary genital EMPDs and is more sensitive than GCDFP15.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lixin Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital (Beijing Cancer Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital (Beijing Cancer Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Yan Song
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yunquan Guo
- Department of Pathology, Xinjiang Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Urumqi, China
| | - Xun Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Xinjiang Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Urumqi, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Junqiu Yue
- Department of Pathology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Dongfeng Niu
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital (Beijing Cancer Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Zhongwu Li
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital (Beijing Cancer Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Xiaozheng Huang
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital (Beijing Cancer Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Kang
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital (Beijing Cancer Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Lin Jia
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital (Beijing Cancer Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Jinping Lai
- Department of Pathology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Dengfeng Cao
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S South Euclid Avenue Campus Box 8118, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
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26
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El Hag MI, Hag AM, Ha JP, Michael CW. Comparison of GATA-3, mammaglobin, GCDFP-15 expression in breast carcinoma in serous effusions: A cell-block micro-array study. Pleura Peritoneum 2017; 2:143-148. [PMID: 30911644 DOI: 10.1515/pp-2017-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background GATA-3 is a potential marker for detection of metastatic breast carcinoma, reportedly more sensitive than mammaglobin (MAM) and GCDFP-15. We aim to compare the sensitivity of GATA-3, MAM and GCDFP-15 in determining the breast origin of malignant effusions. Methods Cell blocks from 27 cases of serous effusions positive for metastatic breast cancer were retrieved. Immunohistochemistry for GATA-3, MAM, gross cystic disease fluid protein 15 (GCDFP-15), estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) was performed on cell-block micro-array. Statistical analysis using two ways Chi square, one-way ANOVA and multiple regression was performed. Results The detection rate of breast cancer in serous fluid was significantly higher with GATA-3 (88.8 %, X2=15.9, p=0.00034) than with MAM (51.8 %) and GCDFP-15 (37.0 %). All ER positive cases (19) were GATA-3 positive. Conversely, all GATA-3 negative cases (3) were ER negative. The intensity of stain and percentage of positive cells were significantly higher with GATA-3 (p<0.0001) than with MAM and GCDFP-15. The intensity and percentage of positive cells score of GATA-3 were statistically associated with ER stain intensity and percentage of positive cell scores. Conclusions GATA3 is a sensitive marker, superior to MAM and GCDFP-15 in determining the breast origin of metastatic adenocarcinoma. It is also strongly associated with ER expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed I El Hag
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Amani M Hag
- Mercy St. Elizabeth Hospital, Youngstown, OH, USA.,Master of Science program in Clinical Research, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Claire W Michael
- Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University, MSPTH 5077, 11100 Euclid Ave Rm 212B, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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27
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Shahi P, Wang CY, Chou J, Hagerling C, Gonzalez Velozo H, Ruderisch A, Yu Y, Lai MD, Werb Z. GATA3 targets semaphorin 3B in mammary epithelial cells to suppress breast cancer progression and metastasis. Oncogene 2017; 36:5567-5575. [PMID: 28581515 PMCID: PMC5629104 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Semaphorin 3B (SEMA3B) is a secreted axonal guidance molecule that is expressed during development and throughout adulthood. Recently, SEMA3B has emerged as a tumor suppressor in non-neuronal cells. Here we show that SEMA3B is a direct target of GATA3 transcriptional activity. GATA3 is a key transcription factor that regulates genes involved in mammary luminal cell differentiation and tumor suppression. We show that GATA3 relies on SEMA3B for suppression of tumor growth. Loss of SEMA3B renders GATA3 inactive and promotes aggressive breast cancer development. Overexpression of SEMA3B in cells lacking GATA3 induces a GATA3-like phenotype and higher levels of SEMA3B are associated with better cancer patient prognosis. Moreover, SEMA3B interferes with activation of LIM kinases (LIMK1 and LIMK2) to abrogate breast cancer progression. Our data provide new insights into the role of SEMA3B in mammary gland and provides a new branch of GATA3 signaling that is pivotal for inhibition of breast cancer progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Shahi
- Department of Anatomy and the Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - C-Y Wang
- Department of Anatomy and the Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - J Chou
- Department of Anatomy and the Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - C Hagerling
- Department of Anatomy and the Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - H Gonzalez Velozo
- Department of Anatomy and the Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - A Ruderisch
- Department of Anatomy and the Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Y Yu
- Department of Anatomy and the Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - M-D Lai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Z Werb
- Department of Anatomy and the Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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28
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Shaoxian T, Baohua Y, Xiaoli X, Yufan C, Xiaoyu T, Hongfen L, Rui B, Xiangjie S, Ruohong S, Wentao Y. Characterisation of GATA3 expression in invasive breast cancer: differences in histological subtypes and immunohistochemically defined molecular subtypes. J Clin Pathol 2017; 70:926-934. [PMID: 28428285 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2016-204137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AIMS GATA-binding protein 3 (GATA3) is a sensitive and relatively specific marker in breast and urothelial carcinomas. Its diagnostic utility in primary and metastatic breast cancers has been explored and confirmed. However, the relationship between GATA3 expression and different breast carcinoma intrinsic subtypes has not been specifically defined in the literature despite a few reports with a small number of cases. The aim of the current investigation is to clarify GATA3 expression among different histological subtypes and surrogate molecular breast carcinoma subtypes in a large series of cases. METHODS Immunohistochemical staining of GATA3, GCDFP15 and mammaglobin was performed in a cohort of 1637 cases of primary invasive breast carcinoma. The association of GATA3 expression with different histological and surrogate intrinsic subtypes was assessed and compared with the expression of GCDFP15 and mammaglobin. RESULTS The overall positivity of GATA3 across the various immunohistochemistry-based surrogate intrinsic subtypes was 99.51% for luminal A-like, 97.70% for luminal B-like, 68.50% for HER2 overexpression and 20.16% for triple negative breast cancers. GATA3 expression was positively correlated with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive (luminal subtypes) breast carcinomas. For luminal-like and HER2 overexpression subtypes, GATA3 was much more sensitive than GCDFP15 and mammaglobin. For triple negative tumours, GATA3 was less sensitive than GCDFP15. CONCLUSIONS GATA3 exhibits a relatively high sensitivity for breast carcinomas. It is more sensitive than GCDFP15 and mammaglobin in luminal-like and HER2 overexpression subtypes. GATA3 expression is associated with breast carcinomas of luminal subtype and low histological grade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tang Shaoxian
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Baohua
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Xiaoli
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Yufan
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tu Xiaoyu
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Hongfen
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bi Rui
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sun Xiangjie
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shui Ruohong
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Wentao
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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29
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Hashiguchi T, Miyoshi H, Nakashima K, Yokoyama S, Matsumoto R, Murakami D, Mitsuoka M, Takamori S, Akagi Y, Ohshima K. Prognostic impact of GATA binding protein-3 expression in primary lung adenocarcinoma. Hum Pathol 2017; 63:157-164. [PMID: 28322854 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2017.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
GATA binding protein-3 (GATA3) is a transcription factor that regulates cell differentiation and maintenance in some types of normal cells. This study aimed to investigate the association between GATA3 expression and primary lung adenocarcinoma and to clarify the clinical significance of GATA3 expression in lung adenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemical GATA3 expression was evaluated using completely resected lung adenocarcinoma samples from 95 cases. GATA3 immunohistochemical staining was performed and scored. Associations between clinicopathological factors and GATA3 expression were analyzed by using the χ2 test and Fisher exact test. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Forty-nine cases expressed high levels of GATA3, which were associated with lymphatic invasion (P=.003). In univariate and multivariate analyses, vascular invasion (P<.001) and high GATA3 expression (P=.023) were identified as independent risk factors for OS. Higher pathological stages (P=.012), vascular invasion (P=.010), and high GATA3 expression (P=.009) were identified as independent risk factors for DFS. The high GATA3 expression group exhibited statistically worse OS (P=.031) and DFS (P=.011) than the low-expression group based on the Kaplan-Meier curves. In resected lung adenocarcinoma, high GATA3 expression is associated with poorer prognosis for both OS and DFS. Therefore, the immunohistochemical evaluation of GATA3 represents a potentially useful prognostic tool for postoperative patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Hashiguchi
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan; Department of Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Miyoshi
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan.
| | - Kazutaka Nakashima
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Shintaro Yokoyama
- Department of Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Matsumoto
- Department of Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Daigo Murakami
- Department of Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Masahiro Mitsuoka
- Department of Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Shinzo Takamori
- Department of Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Yoshito Akagi
- Department of Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Koichi Ohshima
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
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30
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ZNF503/ Zpo2 drives aggressive breast cancer progression by down-regulation of GATA3 expression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:3169-3174. [PMID: 28258171 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1701690114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor GATA3 is the master regulator that drives mammary luminal epithelial cell differentiation and maintains mammary gland homeostasis. Loss of GATA3 is associated with aggressive breast cancer development. We have identified ZNF503/ZEPPO2 zinc-finger elbow-related proline domain protein 2 (ZPO2) as a transcriptional repressor of GATA3 expression and transcriptional activity that induces mammary epithelial cell proliferation and breast cancer development. We show that ZPO2 is recruited to GATA3 promoter in association with ZBTB32 (Repressor of GATA, ROG) and that ZBTB32 is essential for down-regulation of GATA3 via ZPO2. Through this modulation of GATA3 activity, ZPO2 promotes aggressive breast cancer development. Our data provide insight into a mechanism of GATA3 regulation, and identify ZPO2 as a possible candidate gene for future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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31
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McDaniel JM, Varley KE, Gertz J, Savic DS, Roberts BS, Bailey SK, Shevde LA, Ramaker RC, Lasseigne BN, Kirby MK, Newberry KM, Partridge EC, Jones AL, Boone B, Levy SE, Oliver PG, Sexton KC, Grizzle WE, Forero A, Buchsbaum DJ, Cooper SJ, Myers RM. Genomic regulation of invasion by STAT3 in triple negative breast cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:8226-8238. [PMID: 28030809 PMCID: PMC5352396 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease comprised of four molecular subtypes defined by whether the tumor-originating cells are luminal or basal epithelial cells. Breast cancers arising from the luminal mammary duct often express estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth receptor 2 (HER2). Tumors expressing ER and/or PR are treated with anti-hormonal therapies, while tumors overexpressing HER2 are targeted with monoclonal antibodies. Immunohistochemical detection of ER, PR, and HER2 receptors/proteins is a critical step in breast cancer diagnosis and guided treatment. Breast tumors that do not express these proteins are known as "triple negative breast cancer" (TNBC) and are typically basal-like. TNBCs are the most aggressive subtype, with the highest mortality rates and no targeted therapy, so there is a pressing need to identify important TNBC tumor regulators. The signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) transcription factor has been previously implicated as a constitutively active oncogene in TNBC. However, its direct regulatory gene targets and tumorigenic properties have not been well characterized. By integrating RNA-seq and ChIP-seq data from 2 TNBC tumors and 5 cell lines, we discovered novel gene signatures directly regulated by STAT3 that were enriched for processes involving inflammation, immunity, and invasion in TNBC. Functional analysis revealed that STAT3 has a key role regulating invasion and metastasis, a characteristic often associated with TNBC. Our findings suggest therapies targeting STAT3 may be important for preventing TNBC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy M McDaniel
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL 35806, USA.,The University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA
| | - Katherine E Varley
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Jason Gertz
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Daniel S Savic
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL 35806, USA
| | - Brian S Roberts
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL 35806, USA
| | - Sarah K Bailey
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Lalita A Shevde
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.,University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Ryne C Ramaker
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL 35806, USA.,Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | | | - Marie K Kirby
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL 35806, USA
| | | | | | - Angela L Jones
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL 35806, USA
| | - Braden Boone
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL 35806, USA
| | - Shawn E Levy
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL 35806, USA
| | - Patsy G Oliver
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Katherine C Sexton
- University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - William E Grizzle
- University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Andres Forero
- University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Donald J Buchsbaum
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Sara J Cooper
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL 35806, USA
| | - Richard M Myers
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL 35806, USA
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Cakir A, Isik Gonul I, Ekinci O, Cetin B, Benekli M, Uluoglu O. GATA3 expression and its relationship with clinicopathological parameters in invasive breast carcinomas. Pathol Res Pract 2017; 213:227-234. [PMID: 28215639 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2016.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
GATA3, as a transcription factor, is associated with estrogen receptor (ER) expression and necessary for luminal cell differentiation in mammary glands. Association of GATA3 expression with clinicopathological parameters, molecular subtypes of tumors, disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) for breast carcinoma patients were evaluated in this study. We immunohistochemically stained GATA3, CK5/6, EGFR, CK14 and vimentin on tissue microarray blocks of 457 invasive breast carcinomas. Tumors are sub-classified as luminal A, luminal B, HER2 expressing, basal-like and null type according to their hormonal status with cerbB2, CK 5/6 and EGFR expressions. Follow-up data for 254 cases were obtained. 215/457 (47%) tumors were GATA3 positive. GATA3 expression was inversely correlated with mitotic count (p<0.0001), nuclear grade (p=0.001), histological grade (p=0.001), tumor necrosis (p=0.001), stromal lymphocytic response (p<0.01), nipple invasion (p=0.01), metastasis (p=0.03), vimentin (p=0.0003), EGFR (p=0.015) and CK14 (p=0.001) expressions; and directly associated with ER (p<0.0001) and progesterone receptor (PR) (p<0.0001) expressions. Luminal A carcinomas had the highest frequency for GATA-3 (140/245), however basal-like carcinomas had the lowest (1/42) (p<0.0001). None of the medullary and metaplastic carcinomas expressed GATA3. GATA3 was associated with good DFS and OS (p=0.001 and p=0.0009) and was an independent prognostic factor for OS. GATA3 expression, regardless of the subtype, may have a prognostic significance for breast carcinomas through its ability to promote the differentiation of luminal progenitor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cakir
- Medipol University, School of Medicine, University Hospital, Department of Pathology, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - I Isik Gonul
- Gazi University, School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - O Ekinci
- Gazi University, School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - B Cetin
- Gazi University, School of Medicine, Department of Oncology, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - M Benekli
- Gazi University, School of Medicine, Department of Oncology, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - O Uluoglu
- Gazi University, School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Ankara, Turkey.
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Leng B, Guo M, Zhao J, Gong Y. Utility and pitfalls of GATA3 immunocytochemistry for diagnosis of metastatic breast carcinoma and urothelial carcinoma on cytology specimens. J Am Soc Cytopathol 2017; 6:73-79. [PMID: 31042637 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasc.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although GATA3 expression has been studied extensively on histology specimens and has demonstrated a high level of accuracy in detecting carcinomas from breast or urothelial origin, its utility on cytology samples, especially the influence of different sample (fine-needle aspiration [FNA] versus effusion fluid) and preparation (cell block versus smear) on the staining, is understudied. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively searched our institution's pathology database for cytologic cases where GATA3 immunostaining was performed during diagnostic workup and identified a total of 178 cases, consisting of 89 metastatic breast carcinomas, 22 metastatic urothelial carcinomas, and 67 malignant neoplasms of other origin. Frequency of GATA3 expression was evaluated in each group. RESULTS For metastatic breast carcinomas, 75% expressed GATA3; 74% on FNA samples and 77% on fluid samples; 71% on cell block and 89% on smear. GATA3 was positive in 44% triple-negative breast carcinomas. Of the 22 metastatic urothelial carcinomas (21 FNA samples and 1 fluid; 21 cell blocks and 1 smear), all were positive for GATA3. Of the 67 malignancies of other origin, 4 (6%) were positive for GATA3 (ie, a metastatic ovarian serous carcinoma, a metastatic squamous cell carcinoma, a recurrent poorly differentiated skin adnexal carcinoma, and a metastatic thymic carcinoma). CONCLUSIONS GATA3 is a useful biomarker for detecting carcinomas of breast or urothelial origin on cytologic specimens. It may detect breast cancers with the triple-negative phenotype. Both cell block and smear preparations can be reliably used for the staining. GATA3-positive immunostaining is occasionally seen in other tumors, which may cause diagnostic confusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Leng
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ming Guo
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Yun Gong
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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The Novel Marker GATA3 is Significantly More Sensitive Than Traditional Markers Mammaglobin and GCDFP15 for Identifying Breast Cancer in Surgical and Cytology Specimens of Metastatic and Matched Primary Tumors. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2016; 24:229-37. [PMID: 25906123 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Traditional markers mammaglobin and GCDFP15 show good specificity but lack sensitivity and can be difficult to interpret in small tissue samples. We undertook a comparative study of the novel nuclear marker GATA3 (expression typically restricted to breast and urothelial carcinomas) and GCDFP15 and mammaglobin. We first compared quantitative mRNA expression levels of these 3 markers across a diverse set of over 6000 tumors and 500 normal samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas which showed dramatically higher GATA3 expression (>10-fold higher) in breast cancer as compared with GCDFP15 or mammaglobin (both P<2.2e-16), suggesting that GATA3 may represent a more sensitive marker of breast cancer than GCDFP15 or mammaglobin. We next examined protein expression by immunohistochemistry in 166 cases (including surgical and cytology specimens) of metastatic breast carcinoma and 54 cases with available matched primaries. One whole-slide section from each case was stained for monoclonal GATA3 (L50-823), monoclonal mammaglobin (31A5), and monoclonal GCDFP15 (EP1582Y). Staining intensity (0 to 3+) and extent (0% to 100%) were scored with an H-score calculated (range, 0 to 300). Sensitivities by varying H-score cutoffs for a positive result in metastatic breast carcinoma among GATA3/GCDFP15/mammaglobin, respectively, were as follows: any H-score=95%/65%/78%, H-score>50=93%/37%/47%, H-score>100=90%/25%/27%, H-score>150=86%/21%/19%, H-score>200=73%/18%/9%, H-score>250=66%/14%/6%. Significant staining differences by specimen type, tumor subtype/grade, or ER/PR/HER2 status were not identified. Significantly stronger correlation was observed between primary/metastatic GATA3 expression [Pearson's correlation=0.81 (0.68-0.89)] as compared with the primary/metastatic correlations of GCDFP15 [Pearson's correlation=0.57 (0.33-0.74)] and mammaglobin [Pearson's correlation=0.50 (0.24-0.70)] (both P<0.05). In conclusion, the novel marker GATA3 stains a significantly higher proportion of both primary and metastatic breast carcinomas than GCDFP15 or mammaglobin with stronger and more diffuse staining, helpful in cases with small tissue samples. The matched primary/metastatic expression of GATA3 is also more consistent. We propose that GATA3 be included among a panel of confirmatory markers for metastatic breast carcinoma.
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Kotta-Loizou I, Vasilopoulos SN, Coutts RHA, Theocharis S. Current Evidence and Future Perspectives on HuR and Breast Cancer Development, Prognosis, and Treatment. Neoplasia 2016; 18:674-688. [PMID: 27764700 PMCID: PMC5071540 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hu-antigen R (HuR) is an RNA-binding posttranscriptional regulator that belongs to the Hu/ELAV family. HuR expression levels are modulated by a variety of proteins, microRNAs, chemical compounds, or the microenvironment, and in turn, HuR affects mRNA stability and translation of various genes implicated in breast cancer formation, progression, metastasis, and treatment. The aim of the present review is to critically summarize the role of HuR in breast cancer development and its potential as a prognosticator and a therapeutic target. In this aspect, all the existing English literature concerning HuR expression and function in breast cancer cell lines, in vivo animal models, and clinical studies is critically presented and summarized. HuR modulates many genes implicated in biological processes crucial for breast cancer formation, growth, and metastasis, whereas the link between HuR and these processes has been demonstrated directly in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, clinical studies reveal that HuR is associated with more aggressive forms of breast cancer and is a putative prognosticator for patients' survival. All the above indicate HuR as a promising drug target for cancer therapy; nevertheless, additional studies are required to fully understand its potential and determine against which types of breast cancer and at which stage of the disease a therapeutic agent targeting HuR would be more effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioly Kotta-Loizou
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom; First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece.
| | - Spyridon N Vasilopoulos
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Robert H A Coutts
- Geography, Environment and Agriculture Division, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB, United Kingdom
| | - Stamatios Theocharis
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
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Yang Y, Lu S, Zeng W, Xie S, Xiao S. GATA3 expression in clinically useful groups of breast carcinoma: a comparison with GCDFP15 and mammaglobin for identifying paired primary and metastatic tumors. Ann Diagn Pathol 2016; 26:1-5. [PMID: 28038704 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2016.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 09/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
GATA3 has been recognized as the novel marker for identifying primary and metastatic breast carcinomas, consistently showing that GATA3 was significantly more sensitive than traditional markers gross cystic disease fluid protein 15 (GCDFP15) and mammaglobin (MGB). However, clinically useful groups of breast carcinomas status were not identified, which were determining appropriate treatment strategy, affecting the prognosis. In this study, we undertook a comparative study of the marker GATA3 and GCDFP15 and MGB in clinically useful groups of paired primary and metastatic breast cancer. We retrieved 64 cases of matched primary and metastatic breast cancer from the surgical pathology archive at our institution. According to the emerging 2015 St. Gallen Consensus, the clinically useful groups were divided into ER and/or PR (+), HER2 (-), abbreviated as A; ER and/or PR (+), HER2 (+), abbreviated as B; ER and PR (-), HER2 (+), abbreviated as C; ER, PR and HER2 (-), abbreviated as D; each group contained 16 cases (n=16). Tissue microarrays were created, with three 1-mm punch specimens from each case. The tissue microarrays were cut at 4-μm thickness and stained with monoclonal antibodies to GATA3, GCDFP15, and MGB. Staining intensity (0-3+) and extent (0%-100%) were scored with an H-score calculated (range, 0-300). Sensitivities by varying H-score cutoffs (any; ≥50; ≥150) for a positive result in the clinically useful groups of matched primary or metastatic breast cancer among GATA3, GCDFP15, and MGB. GATA3 was significantly more sensitive than GCDFP15 and MGB A and B groups (P<.05) rather than C and D groups (P>.05). However, GATA3 in conjunction with GCDFP15 and MGB detection could improve the sensitivity of C group (P<.05) rather than D group (P>.05). Significantly, good coincidence was observed between primary and metastatic tumor GATA3 expression (κ value = 0.826 >0.75) as compared with the coincidence of GCDFP15 (κ value =0.492 <0.75) and MGB (κ value =0.593 <0.75) (both P<.05). In conclusion, GATA3 expression did not show the same sensitivity for the clinically useful groups of breast cancer. GATA3 expression is positively correlated with ER-positive, PR-positive, and HER2-positive carcinomas. In addition, the matched primary and metastatic tumor expression of GATA3 shows good coincidence. We propose the careful selection of GATA3 for identifying hormone receptor negativity of breast cancer, especially in the case of triple-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqiong Yang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China, 541000
| | - Shanming Lu
- Department of Pathology, The Meizhou Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Meizhou, Guangdong, China, 514021
| | - Wenqin Zeng
- Department of Histology, Medical college of Jiaying University, Meizhou, Guangdong, China, 514021
| | - Shoucheng Xie
- Department of Pathology, The Meizhou Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Meizhou, Guangdong, China, 514021
| | - Shengjun Xiao
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China, 541000.
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Gain- and Loss-of-Function Mutations in the Breast Cancer Gene GATA3 Result in Differential Drug Sensitivity. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1006279. [PMID: 27588951 PMCID: PMC5010247 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Patterns of somatic mutations in cancer genes provide information about their functional role in tumourigenesis, and thus indicate their potential for therapeutic exploitation. Yet, the classical distinction between oncogene and tumour suppressor may not always apply. For instance, TP53 has been simultaneously associated with tumour suppressing and promoting activities. Here, we uncover a similar phenomenon for GATA3, a frequently mutated, yet poorly understood, breast cancer gene. We identify two functional classes of frameshift mutations that are associated with distinct expression profiles in tumours, differential disease-free patient survival and gain- and loss-of-function activities in a cell line model. Furthermore, we find an estrogen receptor-independent synthetic lethal interaction between a GATA3 frameshift mutant with an extended C-terminus and the histone methyltransferases G9A and GLP, indicating perturbed epigenetic regulation. Our findings reveal important insights into mutant GATA3 function and breast cancer, provide the first potential therapeutic strategy and suggest that dual tumour suppressive and oncogenic activities are more widespread than previously appreciated. Cancer is a disease caused by genetic mutations. Mutation patterns are often indicative of a gene’s function as either tumour promoting or tumour suppressive. Here we describe the frequently mutated, but poorly studied, breast cancer gene GATA3 as a rare exception: We discover that two different functional classes of mutations in this gene can lead to either gain- or loss-of-function activities. The most common type of mutations, resulting in an unusually extended protein, is associated with differential gene expression and decreased disease-free survival. This mutant, in contrast to other mutations or the non-mutated protein, renders cells specifically vulnerable to inhibitors of two chromatin-modifying enzymes, the histone methyltransferases G9A and GLP. Our findings shed light on the functional consequences of frequent GATA3 mutations in breast cancer and represent a first lead toward personalised therapy for a large subgroup of breast cancer patients.
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El Hag MI, Ha J, Farag R, El Hag AM, Michael CW. Utility of GATA-3 in the work-Up of breast adenocarcinoma and its differential diagnosis in serous effusions:: A Cell-Block Microarray Study. Diagn Cytopathol 2016; 44:731-6. [PMID: 27338760 DOI: 10.1002/dc.23521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2016] [Revised: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND GATA-3 is a transcription factor involved in human tissue growth and differentiation. It is a potential marker for breast carcinoma origin in metastasis and predictive of good prognosis. We aim to evaluate the role of GATA3 in determining the breast origin of metastatic adenocarcinoma in malignant effusions using immunohistochemistry on cell-block microarray in comparison with ER and PR results. METHODS Cell blocks from 100 cases of malignant and reactive serous effusions with confirmed diagnosis were selected; 28 mammary carcinomas, 64 extra-mammary adenocarcinomas (gastrointestinal, pulmonary, gynecologic), and 8 reactive mesothelium proliferation as control. Immunohistochemistry on cell-block microarray was used. Microarray slides were stained for GATA-3, ER and PR. Nuclear staining of >1% was considered positive. RESULTS GATA3, ER and PR were positive in 25 (89%), 20 (71%) and 16 (57%) of breast carcinoma cases, respectively. All non-breast cancer cases were negative for GATA-3 with the exception of one Müllerian adenocarcinoma (1.6%). The calculated sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value (PPV) of GATA3 reactivity in determining the breast origin of metastatic adenocarcinoma was 89.3% (95% CI: 71.7-97.7%), 98.6% (95% CI: 91.6-99.9%) and 96.2% (95% CI: 80.4-99.9%), respectively. GATA3 positivity was associated with ER or PR positivity in 84% of cases. CONCLUSIONS GATA3 is a useful marker in determining the breast origin of metastatic adenocarcinoma in malignant serous effusions. Reactivity to GATA3 may indicate good prognosis. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2016;44:731-736. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed I El Hag
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical Center, 420 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Jennifer Ha
- University Hospitals Case Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Ave, Rm 212B, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Rosemary Farag
- University Hospitals Case Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Ave, Rm 212B, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Amani M El Hag
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Claire W Michael
- University Hospitals Case Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Ave, Rm 212B, Cleveland, Ohio
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Wasserman JK, Williams PA, Islam S, Robertson SJ. GATA-3 expression is not associated with complete pathological response in triple negative breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Pathol Res Pract 2016; 212:539-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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GATA3 mRNA expression, but not mutation, associates with longer progression-free survival in ER-positive breast cancer patients treated with first-line tamoxifen for recurrent disease. Cancer Lett 2016; 376:104-9. [PMID: 27018307 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In breast cancer, GATA3 mutations have been associated with a favorable prognosis and the response to neoadjuvant aromatase inhibitor treatment. Therefore, we investigated whether GATA3 mutations predict the outcome of tamoxifen treatment in the advanced setting. In a retrospective study consisting of 235 hormone-naive patients with ER-positive breast cancer who received tamoxifen as first-line treatment for recurrent disease, GATA3 mutations (in 14.0% of patients) did not significantly associate with either the overall response rate (ORR) or with the length of progression-free survival (PFS) after the start of tamoxifen therapy. Interestingly, among 148 patients for whom both mutation and mRNA expression data were available, GATA3 mutations associated with an increased expression of GATA3. However, only 23.7% of GATA3 high tumors had a mutation. Evaluation of the clinical significance of GATA3 mRNA revealed that it was associated with prolonged PFS, but not with the ORR, also in multivariate analysis. Thus, GATA3 mRNA expression, but not GATA3 mutation, is an independent predictor of prolonged PFS in ER-positive breast cancer patients who received first-line tamoxifen for recurrent disease. Besides GATA3 mutation, other mechanisms must exist that underlie increased GATA3 levels.
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De Andrade JP, Park JM, Gu VW, Woodfield GW, Kulak MV, Lorenzen AW, Wu VT, Van Dorin SE, Spanheimer PM, Weigel RJ. EGFR Is Regulated by TFAP2C in Luminal Breast Cancer and Is a Target for Vandetanib. Mol Cancer Ther 2016; 15:503-11. [PMID: 26832794 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-15-0548-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Expression of TFAP2C in luminal breast cancer is associated with reduced survival and hormone resistance, partially explained through regulation of RET. TFAP2C also regulates EGFR in HER2 breast cancer. We sought to elucidate the regulation and functional role of EGFR in luminal breast cancer. We used gene knockdown (KD) and treatment with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) in cell lines and primary cancer isolates to determine the role of RET and EGFR in regulation of p-ERK and tumorigenesis. KD of TFAP2C decreased expression of EGFR in a panel of luminal breast cancers, and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) confirmed that TFAP2C targets the EGFR gene. Stable KD of TFAP2C significantly decreased cell proliferation and tumor growth, mediated in part through EGFR. While KD of RET or EGFR reduced proliferation (31% and 34%, P < 0.01), combined KD reduced proliferation greater than either alone (52% reduction, P < 0.01). The effect of the TKI vandetanib on proliferation and tumor growth response of MCF-7 cells was dependent upon expression of TFAP2C, and dual KD of RET and EGFR eliminated the effects of vandetanib. The response of primary luminal breast cancers to TKIs assessed by ERK activation established a correlation with expression of RET and EGFR. We conclude that TFAP2C regulates EGFR in luminal breast cancer. Response to vandetanib was mediated through the TFAP2C target genes EGFR and RET. Vandetanib may provide a therapeutic effect in luminal breast cancer, and RET and EGFR can serve as molecular markers for response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jung M Park
- Department of Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Vivian W Gu
- Department of Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | | | | | | | - Vincent T Wu
- Department of Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
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Bao YI, Wang A, Mo J. S100A8/A9 is associated with estrogen receptor loss in breast cancer. Oncol Lett 2016; 11:1936-1942. [PMID: 26998104 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
S100A8 and S100A9 are calcium-binding proteins that are secreted primarily by granulocytes and monocytes, and are upregulated during the inflammatory response. S100A8 and S100A9 have been identified to be expressed by epithelial cells involved in malignancy. In the present study, the transcriptional levels of S100A8 and S100A9 were investigated in various subtypes of breast cancer (BC), and the correlation with estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) and GATA binding protein 3 (GATA3) gene expression was evaluated using microarray datasets. The expression of S100A8 and S100A9 in BC cells was assessed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The regulation of ESR1 and GATA3 by administration of recombinant S100A8/A9 was examined in the BC MCF-7 cell line using quantitative (q)PCR. The association between S100A8 and S100A9 and overall survival (OS) was investigated in GeneChip® data of BC. The expression levels of S100A8 and S100A9 were higher in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her2)-amplified and basal-like BC. The messenger (m)RNA levels of S100A8 and S100A9 were inversely correlated with ESR1 and GATA3 expression. S100A8/A9 induced a 10-fold decrease in the mRNA levels of ESR1 in MCF-7 cells. Poor OS was associated with high expression levels of S100A9, but not with high expression levels of S100A8 in BC. In conclusion, strong expression and secretion of S100A8/A9 may be associated with the loss of estrogen receptor in BC, and may be involved in the poor prognosis of Her2+/basal-like subtypes of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y I Bao
- Basic and Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, P.R. China
| | - Antao Wang
- Basic and Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, P.R. China
| | - Juanfen Mo
- Basic and Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, P.R. China
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Davis DG, Siddiqui MT, Oprea-Ilies G, Stevens K, Osunkoya AO, Cohen C, Li X(B. GATA-3 and FOXA1 expression is useful to differentiate breast carcinoma from other carcinomas. Hum Pathol 2016; 47:26-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2015.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 08/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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44
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Ben-Hamo R, Efroni S. MicroRNA regulation of molecular pathways as a generic mechanism and as a core disease phenotype. Oncotarget 2015; 6:1594-604. [PMID: 25593195 PMCID: PMC4359317 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of microRNAs as key regulators of a wide variety of fundamental cellular processes, such as apoptosis, differentiation, proliferation and cell cycle is increasingly recognized in most aspects of biology and biomedicine. Accretion of results from multiple microRNA studies over multiple pathway networks, led us to hypothesize that microRNAs target molecular pathways. As we show here, this is a network-wide phenomenon. The work presented, uses statistical tools that show how single microRNAs target molecular pathways. We demonstrate that this targeting could not be the result of random associations and cannot be the result of the sheer numeracy of microRNA targets. Furthermore, the strongest evidence for the association microRNA-pathway, is in a demonstration of the way by which these associations are disease-relevant. In our analyses we study ten different types of cancer involving thousands of samples, and show that the identified microRNA–pathway associations demonstrate a clinical affiliation and an ability to stratify patients. The work presented here shows the first evidence for a mechanism of microRNAs-pathway generic regulation. This regulation is tightly associated with clinical phenotype. The presented approach may catalyze targeted treatment through exposure of hidden regulatory mechanisms and a systems-medicine view of clinical observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rotem Ben-Hamo
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Science, Bar Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900, Israel
| | - Sol Efroni
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Science, Bar Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900, Israel
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45
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Abstract
GATA3 is a zinc-binding transcription factor that regulates the differentiation of many human tissue types, including the mammary gland. In surgical pathology, immunohistochemistry for GATA3 is largely used to support urothelial or breast origin in a carcinoma of unknown origin. GATA3 is sensitive but not entirely specific in this setting. Although GATA3 labeling is highest in estrogen receptor-positive carcinomas, it also labels estrogen receptor-negative carcinomas and thus has particular diagnostic utility in the setting of triple-negative breast carcinomas, which are typically negative for other mammary-specific markers.
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46
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GATA3 Immunohistochemistry Expression in Histologic Subtypes of Primary Breast Carcinoma and Metastatic Breast Carcinoma Cytology. Am J Surg Pathol 2015; 39:1282-9. [DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000000505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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47
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Du F, Yuan P, Wang T, Zhao J, Zhao Z, Luo Y, Xu B. The Significance and Therapeutic Potential of GATA3 Expression and Mutation in Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review. Med Res Rev 2015; 35:1300-15. [PMID: 26313026 DOI: 10.1002/med.21362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Revised: 07/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Du
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College; Beijing 100021 China
| | - Peng Yuan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College; Beijing 100021 China
| | - Teng Wang
- Tumor Marker Research Center, Cancer Institute and Hospital; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College; Beijing 100191 China
| | - Jiuda Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College; Beijing 100021 China
| | - Zitong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College; Beijing 100191 China
| | - Yang Luo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College; Beijing 100021 China
| | - Binghe Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College; Beijing 100021 China
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48
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Huo L, Gong Y, Guo M, Gilcrease MZ, Wu Y, Zhang H, Zhang J, Resetkova E, Hunt KK, Deavers MT. GATA-binding protein 3 enhances the utility of gross cystic disease fluid protein-15 and mammaglobin A in triple-negative breast cancer by immunohistochemistry. Histopathology 2015; 67:245-54. [PMID: 25564996 DOI: 10.1111/his.12645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
AIMS We have demonstrated previously that gross cystic disease fluid protein-15 (GCDFP-15) and mammaglobin A (MAM) are of limited utility in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). GATA-binding protein 3 (GATA-3) is an emerging breast-associated immunohistochemical (IHC) marker with limited data in TNBC. Here, we examined GATA-3 expression in TNBC in comparison with GCDFP-15 and MAM. METHODS AND RESULTS We studied GATA-3, GCDFP-15 and MAM IHC expression in 62 primary and 68 metastatic TNBCs. In primary TNBCs, GATA-3 staining was observed in 25 cases (40%), including 16 cases that were negative for GCDFP-15 and MAM. In metastatic TNBCs, GATA-3 staining was observed in 30 cases (44%), including 16 cases that were negative for GCDFP-15 and MAM. The expression frequency of any of the markers was 56% in primary and 62% in metastatic TNBCs. However, when focal staining was excluded, the expression frequency of any marker dropped to 31% and 44%, respectively. CONCLUSION GATA-3 is expressed at a higher frequency by IHC in TNBC compared to GCDFP-15 and MAM, although the tissue specificity of the latter markers may be superior. When evaluating a triple-negative tumour, including GATA-3 in a panel of markers may increase the diagnostic accuracy for tissue origin in the appropriate clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Huo
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yun Gong
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ming Guo
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael Z Gilcrease
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yun Wu
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jinxia Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Erika Resetkova
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kelly K Hunt
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael T Deavers
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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49
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Sevinc ED, Egeli U, Cecener G, Tezcan G, Tunca B, Gokgoz S, Tasdelen I, Tolunay S, Evrensel T. Association of miR-1266 with Recurrence/Metastasis Potential in Estrogen Receptor Positive Breast Cancer Patients. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 16:291-7. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.1.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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50
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Liu H. Application of immunohistochemistry in breast pathology: a review and update. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2015; 138:1629-42. [PMID: 25427042 DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2014-0094-ra] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Immunohistochemistry is a valuable tool in routine breast pathology, used for both diagnostic and prognostic parameters. The diagnostic immunomarkers are the scope of this review. Most breast lesions can be diagnosed on routine hematoxylin-eosin sections; however, in several scenarios, such as morphologically equivocal cases or metastatic tumors of unknown primary, the appropriate application of immunohistochemistry adds true value in reaching an accurate diagnosis. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the diagnostic utility of the most commonly studied immunomarkers in the field of breast pathology by review of the literature, using the database of indexed articles in PubMed (US National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland) from 1976 to 2013. DATA SOURCES Literature review, and author's research data and personal practice experience. CONCLUSIONS The appropriate use of immunohistochemistry by applying a panel of immunomarkers and using a standardized technical and interpretational method will complement the morphologic assessment and aid in the accurate classification of difficult breast lesions and the identification of metastasis from a breast primary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Liu
- From the Department of Laboratory Medicine, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, Pennsylvania
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