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Samame RA, Zu C, Knueppel D. Identification of vicinal diols using a diagnostic ion derived from the electron ionization of orthoester functional groups. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2020; 34:e8842. [PMID: 32445253 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Chengli Zu
- Analytical Research & Development, Corteva Agriscience, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Daniel Knueppel
- Analytical Research & Development, Corteva Agriscience, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Nagasathiya K, Brinda C, Parani M, Vairamani M. Artifacts from methanol stored in borosilicate glass bottles during electrospray ionization mass spectrometric analysis. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2014; 28:2227-2230. [PMID: 25178728 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Revised: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K Nagasathiya
- School of Bio Engineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
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Kijewska M, Kuc A, Kluczyk A, Waliczek M, Man-Kupisinska A, Lukasiewicz J, Stefanowicz P, Szewczuk Z. Selective detection of carbohydrates and their peptide conjugates by ESI-MS using synthetic quaternary ammonium salt derivatives of phenylboronic acids. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2014; 25:966-976. [PMID: 24687577 PMCID: PMC4018510 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-014-0857-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Revised: 02/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We present new tags based on the derivatives of phenylboronic acid and apply them for the selective detection of sugars and peptide-sugar conjugates in mass spectrometry. We investigated the binding of phenylboronic acid and its quaternary ammonium salt (QAS) derivatives to carbohydrates and peptide-derived Amadori products by HR-MS and MS/MS experiments. The formation of complexes between sugar or sugar-peptide conjugates and synthetic tags was confirmed on the basis of the unique isotopic distribution resulting from the presence of boron atom. Moreover, incorporation of a quaternary ammonium salt dramatically improved the efficiency of ionization in mass spectrometry. It was found that the formation of a complex with phenylboronic acid stabilizes the sugar moiety in glycated peptides, resulting in simplification of the fragmentation pattern of peptide-derived Amadori products. The obtained results suggest that derivatization of phenylboronic acid as QAS is a promising method for sensitive ESI-MS detection of carbohydrates and their conjugates formed by non-enzymatic glycation or glycosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Kijewska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland,
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Gaspar A, Lucio M, Harir M, Schmitt-Kopplin P. Targeted and non-targeted boron complex formation followed by electrospray Fourier transform ion cyclotron mass spectrometry: a novel approach for identifying boron esters with natural organic matter. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND) 2011; 17:113-123. [PMID: 21719921 DOI: 10.1255/ejms.1123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The formation of boron esters was investigated in peat-soluble humified materials with a detailed molecular-level description of boron-organic interactions. Thousands of individually baseline separated signals were obtained from the analysis of natural organic matter of peat samples, using Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. This technique offers unsurpassed isotope-specific mass resolution that can lead to precise molecular formula assignments by means of mathematical data analysis and visualisation techniques, such as mass defect (Kendrick) or elemental ratio (van Krevelen) plots. The analysis of potential boron binding structures within the sample of natural organic matter was described based on prior results. Herein, we describe an algorithm that can be used to effectively distinguish and filter complexes through data obtained from boron-enriched systems with highly intricate mass spectra, such as natural organic matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andras Gaspar
- HelmholtzZentrum München, National Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Ecological Chemistry, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
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Nagaoka S, Saita K, Kobayashi S, Horikawa M, Shirosaki T, Takafuji M, Ihara H. Preparation of Dispersible Chitosan Particles with Borate Crosslinking for Antimicrobial and Antifungal Application. CHEM LETT 2010. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2010.935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Kijewska M, Kluczyk A, Stefanowicz P, Szewczuk Z. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometric analysis of complexes between peptide-derived Amadori products and borate ions. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2009; 23:4038-4046. [PMID: 19924780 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.4347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Hexose-modified peptides, products of the enzymatic hydrolysis of glycated proteins, could be used as markers of diabetes mellitus, the aging process and other diseases. The main difficulty in this approach is the detection of glycated peptides in the complex mixtures of compounds. In this study we investigated the formation of borate complexes of the peptide-derived Amadori products by high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) experiments. It was found that the formation of a complex with the borate ion stabilizes the sugar moiety, resulting in the simplification of the fragmentation patterns of peptide-derived Amadori products. The level of dehydration, as well as the elimination of formaldehyde from the precursor ions of borate complexes, was lower as compared to the free peptide. On the other hand the intensity of the b- and y-type ions for borate complexes is significantly higher in comparison to the free peptide-derived Amadori product. Moreover, the elimination of a whole hexose moiety was not detected in the examined peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Kijewska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
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Smith LM, Maher AD, Want EJ, Elliott P, Stamler J, Hawkes GE, Holmes E, Lindon JC, Nicholson JK. Large-scale human metabolic phenotyping and molecular epidemiological studies via 1H NMR spectroscopy of urine: investigation of borate preservation. Anal Chem 2009; 81:4847-56. [PMID: 19453167 PMCID: PMC2721977 DOI: 10.1021/ac9004875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Borate is an antibacterial preservative widely used in clinical and large-scale epidemiological studies involving urine sample analysis. Since it readily forms covalent adducts and reversible complexes with hydroxyl and carboxylate groups, the effects of borate preservation in (1)H NMR-spectroscopy-based metabolic profiling of human urine samples have been assessed. Effects of various concentrations of borate (range 0-30 mM) on (1)H NMR spectra of urine were observed at sequential time points over a 12 month period. Consistent with known borate chemistry, the principal alterations in the (1)H resonance metabolite patterns were observed for compounds such as mannitol, citrate, and alpha-hydroxyisobutyrate and confirmed by ESI-MS analysis. These included line-broadening, T(1) and T(2) relaxation, and chemical shift changes consistent with complex formation and chemical exchange processes. To further investigate complexation behavior in the urinary metabolite profiles, a new tool for visualization of multicomponent relaxation variations in which the spectra were color-coded according to the T(1) and T(2) proton relaxation times respectively (T(1) or T(2) ordered projection spectroscopy, TOPSY) was also developed and applied. Addition of borate caused a general decrease in (1)H T(1) values, consistent with nonspecific effects such as solution viscosity changes. Minor changes in proton T(2) relaxation rates were observed for the most strongly complexing metabolites. From a molecular phenotyping and epidemiologic viewpoint, typical interpersonal biological variation was shown to be vastly greater than any variation introduced by the borate complexation, which had a negligible effect on the metabolic mapping and classification of samples. While caution is indicated in the assignment of biomarker signals where metabolites have diol groupings or where there are adjacent hydroxyl and carboxylate functions, it is concluded that borate preservation is "fit-for-purpose" for (1)H NMR-based epidemiological studies, since the essential biochemical classification features of the samples are robustly maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon M. Smith
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Anthony D. Maher
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Elizabeth J. Want
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Paul Elliott
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Jeremiah Stamler
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Geoffrey E. Hawkes
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary and Westfield College, University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Elaine Holmes
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - John C. Lindon
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Jeremy K. Nicholson
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
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Gaspar A, Harir M, Lucio M, Hertkorn N, Schmitt-Kopplin P. Targeted borate complex formation as followed with electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron mass spectrometry: monomolecular model system and polyborate formation. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2008; 22:3119-3129. [PMID: 18798195 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.3713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS) was applied to identify boric acid(B degrees)/borate(B-) complexes in a monomolecular model system, composed of aqueous caffeic acid and boric acid/borate solutions in various concentration ratios at pH 9.2. Using negative mode electrospray ionization as a 'soft' ionization technique, clusters of polyborate were detected beside the well-known BL degrees , BL- and BL2- complexes. An algorithm for the detection of boron complexes, based on their accurate mass and isotope patterns, is proposed which enabled the assignment of elemental compositions/structural formulae of boron/ligand complexes. We present experimental evidence of self-oligomerization of up to six borate units with caffeic acid, resulting in stable covalently bound polyborate-polyol complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andras Gaspar
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Ecological Chemistry, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
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Rizzi GP. On the effect of tetraborate ions in the generation of colored products in thermally processed glycine-carbohydrate solutions. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2007; 55:2016-9. [PMID: 17288450 DOI: 10.1021/jf063269w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The effect of tetraborate ions on Maillard browning was investigated in a series of monosaccharide-glycine reactions in aqueous bis-tris buffer at pH 7.2. Addition of borax (sodium tetraborate) in catalytic amounts led to enhanced browning measured by absorbance at 420 nm in the order xylose > arabinose > galactose approximately = fructose > ribose > mannose > rhamnose, and the degree of browning with borax was uniformly greater than that produced by phosphate on an equimolar basis. A mechanism is proposed for borax catalysis in which monosaccharide-borate complexation shifts carbohydrate equilibria to favor open-chain (carbonyl) forms, thereby enhancing the rate of the Maillard reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- George P Rizzi
- Procter & Gamble Company, Winton Hill Business Center, 6300 Center Hill Road, Cincinnati, Ohio 45224, USA.
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Kodama S, Yamamoto A, Iio R, Aizawa SI, Nakagomi K, Hayakawa K. Chiral ligand exchange micellar electrokinetic chromatography using borate anion as a central ion. Electrophoresis 2006; 26:3884-9. [PMID: 16167312 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200500327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Three compounds having 1,2-diol structure (1-phenyl-1,2-ethanediol, 3-phenoxy-1,2-propanediol, and 3-benzyloxy-1,2-propanediol) were enantioseparated by ligand exchange MEKC using (5S)-pinanediol (SPD) as a chiral selector and borate anion as a central ion together with SDS. When (S)-1,2-propanediol, (S)-1,2,4-butanetriol, or (S)-3-tert-butylamino-1,2-propanediol were used as the chiral ligand instead of SPD, these three compounds were not enantioseparated. When borate was replaced with 2-aminoethane-1-sulfonate or N-cyclohexyl-3-aminopropanesulfonate, no chiral separation was achieved. Therefore, the hydrophobic interaction between the chiral selector and the chiral analytes within the transient diastereomeric complex may play an important role in the enantioseparation achieved by the proposed method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuji Kodama
- Toyama Institute of Health, Kosugi-machi, Toyama, Japan.
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Liang HR, Takagaki T, Foltz RL, Bennett P. Quantitative determination of endogenous sorbitol and fructose in human nerve tissues by atmospheric-pressure chemical ionization liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2005; 19:2284-94. [PMID: 16034846 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.2055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Attachment of anions to sorbitol and fructose has been shown to enhance sensitivity in both electrospray ionization (ESI) and atmospheric-pressure chemical ionization (APCI) mass spectrometry. The post-column addition of CHCl3 produced Cl-adducts of sorbitol and fructose but their signals were suppressed due to the elevated background. Different chlorinated compounds and different additive methods were systematically investigated to form more abundant Cl-adduct precursor ions and deprotonated product ions. The major causes of the high background were explored and effective methods were developed to improve the signal-to-noise ratios and reproducibility. The compositions of mobile phase, percentages of organic modifiers (MeCN, MeOH and water), columns, oven temperature, flow rates and different gradients were investigated to separate sorbitol from fructose along with their isomers including glucose, galactose, mannose, sorbose, mannitol, and dulcitol. The optimized separation was achieved on a Luna 5 mu NH2 100A column (150 x 4.6 mm) using a mobile phase containing MeCN with 0.1% of CH2Cl2 and 50% MeOH in water at a flow rate of 800 microL/min and an oven temperature of 40 degrees C using a gradient liquid chromatography (LC) system. Human nerve tissue samples were extracted by protein precipitation followed by mixed-mode solid-phase extraction. The LC/ESI-MS/MS method produced higher peak intensities than LC/APCI-MS/MS. However, there were matrix effects from extracted tissues in LC/ESI-MS/MS but not in LC/APCI-MS/MS. Consequently, APCI proved to be the more effective method of ionization. Then the LC/APCI-MS/MS method was fully validated and successfully applied to analysis of clinical samples. The concentrations of endogenous sorbitol and fructose were determined using calibration curves employing sorbitol-13C6 and fructose-13C6 as surrogate analytes. The method has provided excellent intra- and inter-assay precision and accuracy with linear ranges of 0.2-80 ng/mg for sorbitol and 1-400 ng/mg for fructose in human nerve tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- H R Liang
- Tandem Labs, A Division of NWT Inc., Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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