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Mandaliti W, Nepravishta R, Pica F, Vallebona PS, Garaci E, Paci M. Potential mechanism of thymosin-α1-membrane interactions leading to pleiotropy: experimental evidence and hypotheses. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2018; 18:33-42. [DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2018.1456527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Walter Mandaliti
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Ridvan Nepravishta
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
- School of Pharmacy, East Anglia University, Norwich, UK
| | - Francesca Pica
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Enrico Garaci
- San Raffaele Pisana Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Paci
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
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2
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Lipiński PFJ, Garnuszek P, Maurin M, Stoll R, Metzler-Nolte N, Wodyński A, Dobrowolski JC, Dudek MK, Orzełowska M, Mikołajczak R. Structural studies on radiopharmaceutical DOTA-minigastrin analogue (CP04) complexes and their interaction with CCK2 receptor. EJNMMI Res 2018; 8:33. [PMID: 29663167 PMCID: PMC5902437 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-018-0387-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The cholecystokinin receptor subtype 2 (CCK-2R) is an important target for diagnostic imaging and targeted radionuclide therapy (TRNT) due to its overexpression in certain cancers (e.g., medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC)), thus matching with a theranostic principle. Several peptide conjugates suitable for the TRNT of MTC have been synthesized, including a very promising minigastrin analogue DOTA-(DGlu)6-Ala-Tyr-Gly-Trp-Met-Asp-Phe-NH2 (CP04). In this contribution, we wanted to see whether CP04 binding affinity for CCK-2R is sensitive to the type of the complexed radiometal, as well as to get insights into the structure of CP04-CCK2R complex by molecular modeling. Results In vitro studies demonstrated that there is no significant difference in CCK-2R binding affinity and specific cellular uptake between the CP04 conjugates complexed with [68Ga]Ga3+ or [177Lu]Lu3+. In order to investigate the background of this observation, we proposed a binding model of CP04 with CCK-2R based on homology modeling and molecular docking. In this model, the C-terminal part of the molecule enters the cavity formed between the receptor helices, while the N-terminus (including DOTA and the metal) is located at the binding site outlet, exposed in large extent to the solvent. The radiometals do not influence the conformation of the molecule except for the direct neighborhood of the chelating moiety. Conclusions The model seems to be in agreement with much of structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies reported for cholecystokinin and for CCK-2R-targeting radiopharmaceuticals. It also explains relative insensitivity of CCK-2R affinity for the change of the metal. The proposed model partially fits the reported site-directed mutagenesis data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr F J Lipiński
- Neuropeptides Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5 Str., 02-106, Warszawa, Poland.
| | - Piotr Garnuszek
- Radioisotope Centre POLATOM, National Centre for Nuclear Research, A. Sołtana 7 Str, 05-400, Otwock, Poland
| | - Michał Maurin
- Radioisotope Centre POLATOM, National Centre for Nuclear Research, A. Sołtana 7 Str, 05-400, Otwock, Poland
| | - Raphael Stoll
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University of Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Nils Metzler-Nolte
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University of Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Artur Wodyński
- Świerk Computing Centre, National Centre for Nuclear Research, A. Sołtana 7 Str., 05-400, Otwock, Poland.,Institut für Chemie, Theoretische Chemie/Quantenchemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Sekr. C7, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Cz Dobrowolski
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16 Street, 03-195, Warszawa, Poland.,National Medicines Institute, Chełmska 30/34 Str., 00-725, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Marta K Dudek
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363, Lodz, Poland
| | - Monika Orzełowska
- Radioisotope Centre POLATOM, National Centre for Nuclear Research, A. Sołtana 7 Str, 05-400, Otwock, Poland
| | - Renata Mikołajczak
- Radioisotope Centre POLATOM, National Centre for Nuclear Research, A. Sołtana 7 Str, 05-400, Otwock, Poland
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3
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Renault L. Intrinsic, Functional, and Structural Properties of β-Thymosins and β-Thymosin/WH2 Domains in the Regulation and Coordination of Actin Self-Assembly Dynamics and Cytoskeleton Remodeling. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2016; 102:25-54. [PMID: 27450729 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2016.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
β-Thymosins are a family of heat-stable multifunctional polypeptides that are expressed as small proteins of about 5kDa (~45 amino acids) almost exclusively in multicellular animals. They were first isolated from the thymus. As full-length or truncated polypeptides, they appear to stimulate a broad range of extracellular activities in various signaling pathways, including tissue repair and regeneration, inflammation, cell migration, and immune defense. However, their cell surface receptors and structural mechanisms of regulations in these multiple pathways remain still poorly understood. Besides their extracellular activities, they belong to a larger family of small, intrinsically disordered actin-binding domains called WH2/β-thymosin domains that have been identified in more than 1800 multidomain proteins found in different taxonomic domains of life and involved in various actin-based motile processes including cell morphogenesis, motility, adhesions, tissue development, intracellular trafficking, or pathogen infections. This review briefly surveys the main recent findings to understand how these small, intrinsically disordered but functional domains can interact with many unrelated partners and can thus integrate and coordinate various intracellular activities in actin self-assembly dynamics and cell signaling pathways linked to their cytoskeleton remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Renault
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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4
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Actin-Induced Structure in the Beta-Thymosin Family of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2016; 102:55-71. [PMID: 27450730 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2016.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Thymosin β4 (Tβ4) is a 43-amino acid signature motif peptide that defines the beta-thymosin (βT) family of proteins. βTs are intrinsically unstructured in their free states and undergo disorder-to-order transitions in carrying out their biological functions. This property poses challenges in determining their 3D structures, mainly favoring structural studies on the complexes formed between βTs and their interaction partners. One of the βTs' primary binding partners is monomeric actin, a major component of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells. Tβ4's role in this system is to maintain the highly concentrated pool of monomeric actin that can be accessed through profilin by actin filament nucleating machineries. Here, we give an account of the structures of βTs that have been illuminated by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and X-ray crystallography. NMR has been the method of choice for probing regions that have intrinsic conformational preference within the largely disordered βTs in their native states in solution. X-ray crystallography has demonstrated at atomic detail how βTs interact with actin. Detailed analysis of these structures highlights the disorder-to-order transition of Tβ4 in binding to actin and its isoform specificity.
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6
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Plowright AT, Engkvist O, Gill A, Knerr L, Wang QD. Heart regeneration: opportunities and challenges for drug discovery with novel chemical and therapeutic methods or agents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:4056-75. [PMID: 24470316 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201307034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Following a heart attack, more than a billion cardiac muscle cells (cardiomyocytes) can be killed, leading to heart failure and sudden death. Much research in this area is now focused on the regeneration of heart tissue through differentiation of stem cells, proliferation of existing cardiomyocytes and cardiac progenitor cells, and reprogramming of fibroblasts into cardiomyocytes. Different chemical modalities (i.e. methods or agents), ranging from small molecules and RNA approaches (including both microRNA and anti-microRNA) to modified peptides and proteins, are showing potential to meet this medical need. In this Review, we outline the recent advances in these areas and describe both the modality and progress, including novel screening strategies to identify hits, and the upcoming challenges and opportunities to develop these hits into pharmaceuticals, at which chemistry plays a key role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alleyn T Plowright
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca, Pepparedsleden 1, Mölndal, 43183 (Sweden).
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7
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Plowright AT, Engkvist O, Gill A, Knerr L, Wang QD. Herzregeneration: Chancen und Aufgaben für die Wirkstoff-Forschung mit neuartigen chemischen und therapeutischen Methoden oder Agentien. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201307034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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8
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Renault L, Deville C, van Heijenoort C. Structural features and interfacial properties of WH2, β-thymosin domains and other intrinsically disordered domains in the regulation of actin cytoskeleton dynamics. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2013; 70:686-705. [DOI: 10.1002/cm.21140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Revised: 08/28/2013] [Accepted: 09/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Louis Renault
- Laboratoire d'Enzymologie et Biochimie Structurales; Centre de Recherche de Gif, CNRS; Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Célia Deville
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie Structurales; Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Centre de Recherche de Gif, CNRS; Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Carine van Heijenoort
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie Structurales; Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Centre de Recherche de Gif, CNRS; Gif-sur-Yvette France
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9
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Li F, Bravo-Rodriguez K, Phillips C, Seidel RW, Wieberneit F, Stoll R, Doltsinis NL, Sanchez-Garcia E, Sander W. Conformation and Dynamics of a Cyclic Disulfide-Bridged Peptide: Effects of Temperature and Solvent. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:3560-70. [DOI: 10.1021/jp4007334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fee Li
- Lehrstuhl für Organische
Chemie II, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Kenny Bravo-Rodriguez
- Theoretische Chemie, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz
1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Charlotte Phillips
- Department of Physics, King’s College London, WC2R 2LS, London, United
Kingdom
| | - Rüdiger W. Seidel
- Lehrstuhl für
Analytische
Chemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum,
Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Florian Wieberneit
- Biomolecular NMR, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse
150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Raphael Stoll
- Biomolecular NMR, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse
150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Nikos L. Doltsinis
- Department of Physics, King’s College London, WC2R 2LS, London, United
Kingdom
- Institut
für Festkörpertheorie, Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Strasse
10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Elsa Sanchez-Garcia
- Theoretische Chemie, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz
1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Wolfram Sander
- Lehrstuhl für Organische
Chemie II, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
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10
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Volk DE, Tuthill CW, Elizondo-Riojas MA, Gorenstein DG. NMR structural studies of thymosin α1 and β-thymosins. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2012; 1270:73-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2012.06656.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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11
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Albada HB, Wieberneit F, Dijkgraaf I, Harvey JH, Whistler JL, Stoll R, Metzler-Nolte N, Fish RH. The Chemoselective Reactions of Tyrosine-Containing G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Peptides with [Cp*Rh(H2O)3](OTf)2, Including 2D NMR Structures and the Biological Consequences. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:10321-4. [DOI: 10.1021/ja303010k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Bauke Albada
- Bioinorganic Chemistry 1, Faculty
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Florian Wieberneit
- Biomolecular NMR, Faculty of
Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ingrid Dijkgraaf
- Medical Centre, Department of
Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jessica H. Harvey
- Ernest Gallo Clinic and Research Center,
Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco,
Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Jennifer L. Whistler
- Ernest Gallo Clinic and Research Center,
Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco,
Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Raphael Stoll
- Biomolecular NMR, Faculty of
Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Nils Metzler-Nolte
- Bioinorganic Chemistry 1, Faculty
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Richard H. Fish
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory,
University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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12
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Goldstein AL, Hannappel E, Sosne G, Kleinman HK. Thymosin β4: a multi-functional regenerative peptide. Basic properties and clinical applications. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2011; 12:37-51. [DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2012.634793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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13
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Lin MM, Shorokhov D, Zewail AH. Structural Dynamics of Free Proteins in Diffraction. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:17072-86. [DOI: 10.1021/ja207722k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Milo M. Lin
- Physical Biology Center for Ultrafast Science and Technology, Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory for Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Dmitry Shorokhov
- Physical Biology Center for Ultrafast Science and Technology, Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory for Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Ahmed H. Zewail
- Physical Biology Center for Ultrafast Science and Technology, Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory for Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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14
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Freeman KW, Bowman BR, Zetter BR. Regenerative protein thymosin beta-4 is a novel regulator of purinergic signaling. FASEB J 2011; 25:907-15. [PMID: 21106936 DOI: 10.1096/fj.10-169417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
By an unknown mechanism, β-thymosins are extracellular modulators of angiogenesis, inflammation, wound healing, and development. We were interested in identifying β-thymosin interactors and determining their importance in β-thymosins signaling in human vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). We performed pulldown experiments with biotinylated thymosin β-4 (Tβ4) in comparison to neutravidin beads alone and used mass spectrometric analysis to identify differentially interacting proteins. By this method, we identified F1-F0 ATP synthase, a known target of antiangiogenic angiostatin. By surface plasmon resonance, we determined for Tβ4 binding to the β subunit of ATP synthase a K(D) of 12 nM. Blocking antibodies and antagonists (oligomycin, IC(50) ∼1.8 μM; piceatannol, IC(50) ∼1.05 μM; and angiostatin, IC(50) ∼2.9 μg/ml) of ATP synthase inhibited the Tβ4-induced increase in cell surface ATP levels, as measured by luciferase assay, and the Tβ4-induced increase in HUVEC migration, as measured by transwell migration assay. Silencing of the ATP-responsive purinergic receptor P2X4 with siRNA also blocked Tβ4-induced HUVEC migration in a transwell assay. Furthermore, in silico we identified common amphiphilic α-helical structural similarities between β-thymosins and the inhibitory factor 1 (IF1), an inhibitor of ATP synthase hydrolysis. In summary, we have identified an extracellular signaling pathway where Tβ4 increases cell surface ATP levels via ATP synthase and have shown further that ATP-responsive P2X4 receptor is required for Tβ4-induced HUVEC migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin W Freeman
- Vascular Biology Program and Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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15
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Yoshida K, Yamaguchi T, Osaka N, Endo H, Shibayama M. A study of alcohol-induced gelation of β-lactoglobulin with small-angle neutron scattering, neutron spin echo, and dynamic light scattering measurements. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:3260-9. [DOI: 10.1039/b920187d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Lin MM, Shorokhov D, Zewail AH. Conformations and coherences in structure determination by ultrafast electron diffraction. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:4075-93. [PMID: 19320469 PMCID: PMC2841986 DOI: 10.1021/jp8104425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this article we consider consequences of spatial coherences and conformations in diffraction of (macro)molecules with different potential energy landscapes. The emphasis is on using this understanding to extract structural and temporal information from diffraction experiments. The theoretical analysis of structural interconversions spans an increased range of complexity, from small hydrocarbons to proteins. For each molecule considered, we construct the potential energy landscape and assess the characteristic conformational states available. For molecules that are quasiharmonic in the vicinity of energy minima, we find that the distinct conformer model is sufficient even at high temperatures. If, however, the energy surface is either locally flat around the minima or the molecule includes many degrees of conformational freedom, a Boltzmann ensemble must be used, in what we define as the pseudoconformer approach, to reproduce the diffraction. For macromolecules with numerous energy minima, the ensemble of hundreds of structures is considered, but we also utilize the concept of the persistence length to provide information on orientational coherence and its use to assess the degree of resonance contribution to diffraction. It is shown that the erosion of the resonant features in diffraction which are characteristic of some quasiperiodic structural motifs can be exploited in experimental studies of conformational interconversions triggered by a laser-induced temperature jump.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milo M. Lin
- Physical Biology Center for Ultrafast Science and Technology, Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory for Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Dmitry Shorokhov
- Physical Biology Center for Ultrafast Science and Technology, Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory for Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Ahmed H. Zewail
- Physical Biology Center for Ultrafast Science and Technology, Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory for Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
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Schrader N, Koerner C, Koessmeier K, Bangert JA, Wittinghofer A, Stoll R, Vetter IR. The crystal structure of the Ran-Nup153ZnF2 complex: a general Ran docking site at the nuclear pore complex. Structure 2008; 16:1116-25. [PMID: 18611384 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2008.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2007] [Revised: 03/14/2008] [Accepted: 03/22/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Nucleoporin (Nup) 153 is a highly mobile, multifunctional, and essential nuclear pore protein. It contains four zinc finger motifs that are thought to be crucial for the regulation of transport-receptor/cargo interactions via their binding to the small guanine nucleotide binding protein, Ran. We found this interaction to be independent of the phoshorylation state of the nucleotide. Ran binds with the highest affinity to the second zinc finger motif of Nup153 (Nup153ZnF2). Here we present the crystal structure of this complex, revealing a new type of Ran-Ran interaction partner interface together with the solution structure of Nup153ZnF2. According to our complex structure, Nup153ZnF2 binding to Ran excludes the formation of a Ran-importin-beta complex. This finding suggests a local Nup153-mediated Ran reservoir at the nucleoplasmic distal ring of the nuclear pore, where nucleotide exchange may take place in a ternary Nup153-Ran-RCC1 complex, so that import complexes are efficiently terminated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Schrader
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Physiologie, Abteilung Strukturelle Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
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18
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Lin MM, Shorokhov D, Zewail AH. Helix-to-coil transitions in proteins: Helicity resonance in ultrafast electron diffraction. Chem Phys Lett 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2005.11.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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19
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Rho SB, Lee KW, Chun T, Lee SH, Park K, Lee JH. The Identification of Apoptosis-related Residues in Human Thymosin β-10 by Mutational Analysis and Computational Modeling. J Biol Chem 2005; 280:34003-7. [PMID: 16012174 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m501629200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymosin beta-10 (TB10) is an actin monomer-sequestering peptide that consists of 43 amino acid residues and that tends to form alpha-helical structures. Previously, we showed that the overexpression of TB10 dramatically increases the frequency of apoptosis in human ovarian cancer cells. To identify the critical residues responsible for TB10-mediated apoptosis, we used a series of computational methods. First, a three-dimensional structure of human TB10 was constructed using the homology modeling method with the calf thymosin beta-9 NMR structure as a template. Although the sequences of both of these structures are almost identical, 200-ps molecular dynamics simulation results showed that their secondary structures differ. Analyses of molecular dynamics snapshot structures suggested that the TB10 structure is conformationally more complicated than the TB9 structure. The conserved 17LKKTET(22 motif region of TB10 was tested by Ala and Ser scanning mutagenesis using computational and biochemical methods, and 12 mutants were transfected into cancer cell lines and tested for their effects on growth arrest. Of the 12 mutants examined, only the Thr20 to Ser20 mutation showed reduced growth arrest. These results strongly suggest that Thr20 is specifically required for actin sequestration by TB10 in ovarian cancer cells. These results may provide useful information for the development of a new ovarian cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Bae Rho
- Molecular Therapy Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center Annex 8F, 50 Ilwon-Dong, Kangnam-Ku, Seoul 135-710, Korea
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Irobi E, Aguda AH, Larsson M, Guerin C, Yin HL, Burtnick LD, Blanchoin L, Robinson RC. Structural basis of actin sequestration by thymosin-beta4: implications for WH2 proteins. EMBO J 2004; 23:3599-608. [PMID: 15329672 PMCID: PMC517612 DOI: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7600372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2004] [Accepted: 07/23/2004] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The WH2 (Wiscott-Aldridge syndrome protein homology domain 2) repeat is an actin interacting motif found in monomer sequestering and filament assembly proteins. We have stabilized the prototypical WH2 family member, thymosin-beta4 (Tbeta4), with respect to actin, by creating a hybrid between gelsolin domain 1 and the C-terminal half of Tbeta4 (G1-Tbeta4). This hybrid protein sequesters actin monomers, severs actin filaments and acts as a leaky barbed end cap. Here, we present the structure of the G1-Tbeta4:actin complex at 2 A resolution. The structure reveals that Tbeta4 sequesters by capping both ends of the actin monomer, and that exchange of actin between Tbeta4 and profilin is mediated by a minor overlap in binding sites. The structure implies that multiple WH2 motif-containing proteins will associate longitudinally with actin filaments. Finally, we discuss the role of the WH2 motif in arp2/3 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Irobi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Adeleke H Aguda
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mårten Larsson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christophe Guerin
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire Végétale, DRDC, CEA/CNRS/UJF, Grenoble, France
| | - Helen L Yin
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Leslie D Burtnick
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Blood Research, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Laurent Blanchoin
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire Végétale, DRDC, CEA/CNRS/UJF, Grenoble, France
| | - Robert C Robinson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala 751 23, Sweden. Tel.: +46 18 471 4933; Fax: +46 18 471 4975; E-mail:
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21
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Yoshida K, Yamaguchi T, Adachi T, Otomo T, Matsuo D, Takamuku T, Nishi N. Structure and dynamics of hexafluoroisopropanol-water mixtures by x-ray diffraction, small-angle neutron scattering, NMR spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. J Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1602070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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22
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Abstract
Structural advances in our understanding of the functions of the actin cytoskeleton have come from diverse sources. On the one hand, the determination of the structure of a bacterial actin-like protein MreB reveals the prokaryotic origins of the actin cytoskeleton, whereas on the other, cryo-electron microscopy and crystallography have yielded reconstructions of many actin crosslinking, regulatory and binding proteins in complex with F-actin. Not least, a high-resolution structure of the Arp2/3 complex and a reconstruction with F-actin provides considerable insight into the eukaryotic machinery, vital for the formation of new F-actin barbed ends, a prerequisite for rapid actin polymerisation involved in cell shape change and motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Winder
- Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cell Biology Group, Davidson Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland, UK.
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23
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Stoll R, Renner C, Zweckstetter M, Brüggert M, Ambrosius D, Palme S, Engh RA, Golob M, Breibach I, Buettner R, Voelter W, Holak TA, Bosserhoff AK. The extracellular human melanoma inhibitory activity (MIA) protein adopts an SH3 domain-like fold. EMBO J 2001; 20:340-9. [PMID: 11157741 PMCID: PMC133488 DOI: 10.1093/emboj/20.3.340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma inhibitory activity (MIA) protein is a clinically valuable marker in patients with malignant melanoma, as enhanced values diagnose metastatic melanoma stages III and IV. Here we show that the recombinant human MIA adopts an SH3 domain-like fold in solution, with two perpendicular, antiparallel, three- and five-stranded beta-sheets. In contrast to known structures with the SH3 domain fold, MIA is a single-domain protein, and contains an additional antiparallel beta-sheet and two disulfide bonds. MIA is also the first extracellular protein found to have the SH3 domain-like fold. Furthermore, we show that MIA interacts with fibronectin and that the peptide ligands identified for MIA exhibit a matching sequence to type III human fibronectin repeats, especially to FN14, which is close to an integrin alpha4beta1 binding site. The present study, therefore, may explain the role of MIA in metastasis in vivo, and supports a model in which the binding of human MIA to type III repeats of fibronectin competes with integrin binding, thus detaching cells from the extracellular matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Dorothee Ambrosius
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, D-82152 München,
Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Pharmaceutical Research, D-82377 Penzberg, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Institute of Pathology, D-52074 Aachen and Tübingen University, Department of Physical Biochemistry, Institute of Physiological Chemistry, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany Corresponding authors e-mail: or
| | - Stefan Palme
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, D-82152 München,
Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Pharmaceutical Research, D-82377 Penzberg, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Institute of Pathology, D-52074 Aachen and Tübingen University, Department of Physical Biochemistry, Institute of Physiological Chemistry, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany Corresponding authors e-mail: or
| | - Richard A. Engh
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, D-82152 München,
Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Pharmaceutical Research, D-82377 Penzberg, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Institute of Pathology, D-52074 Aachen and Tübingen University, Department of Physical Biochemistry, Institute of Physiological Chemistry, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany Corresponding authors e-mail: or
| | - Michaela Golob
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, D-82152 München,
Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Pharmaceutical Research, D-82377 Penzberg, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Institute of Pathology, D-52074 Aachen and Tübingen University, Department of Physical Biochemistry, Institute of Physiological Chemistry, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany Corresponding authors e-mail: or
| | - Ines Breibach
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, D-82152 München,
Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Pharmaceutical Research, D-82377 Penzberg, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Institute of Pathology, D-52074 Aachen and Tübingen University, Department of Physical Biochemistry, Institute of Physiological Chemistry, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany Corresponding authors e-mail: or
| | - Reinhard Buettner
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, D-82152 München,
Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Pharmaceutical Research, D-82377 Penzberg, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Institute of Pathology, D-52074 Aachen and Tübingen University, Department of Physical Biochemistry, Institute of Physiological Chemistry, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany Corresponding authors e-mail: or
| | - Wolfgang Voelter
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, D-82152 München,
Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Pharmaceutical Research, D-82377 Penzberg, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Institute of Pathology, D-52074 Aachen and Tübingen University, Department of Physical Biochemistry, Institute of Physiological Chemistry, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany Corresponding authors e-mail: or
| | - Tad A. Holak
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, D-82152 München,
Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Pharmaceutical Research, D-82377 Penzberg, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Institute of Pathology, D-52074 Aachen and Tübingen University, Department of Physical Biochemistry, Institute of Physiological Chemistry, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany Corresponding authors e-mail: or
| | - Anja-Katrin Bosserhoff
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, D-82152 München,
Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Pharmaceutical Research, D-82377 Penzberg, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Institute of Pathology, D-52074 Aachen and Tübingen University, Department of Physical Biochemistry, Institute of Physiological Chemistry, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany Corresponding authors e-mail: or
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