1
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Winkler L, Galindo-Murillo R, Cheatham TE. Assessment of A- to B- DNA Transitions Utilizing the Drude Polarizable Force Field. J Chem Theory Comput 2023; 19:8955-8966. [PMID: 38014857 PMCID: PMC10720382 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.3c01002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
In addition to the well-characterized B-form of DNA, duplex DNA can adopt various conformations, such as A or Z-DNA. Though less common, these structures can be induced biologically through protein or ligand interactions or experimentally with niche environmental conditions, such as high salt concentrations or in mixed water-ethanol. Reproducing these alternate structures through molecular dynamics simulations in recent years has been quite challenging with the currently available force fields, simulation techniques, and time scales. In this study, the Drude polarizable force field is tested for its ability to facilitate transitions between A-DNA and B-DNA or maintain A-DNA. Though transitions away from B-DNA were observed in high concentrations of ethanol, the resulting structures had hybrid properties taken from both B-DNA and A-DNA structures. This was also true for A-DNA in ethanol, which lost some of the A-DNA properties that it was expected to maintain. When B-DNA was tested in high salt environments, the resulting B-DNA structures showed no distinguishable differences with the increasing salt concentrations tested. These results with the Drude FF and recent results with additive force fields suggest that at present the current additive and polarizable force fields do not facilitate a complete transition between B- to A-DNA conformations under the conditions simulated. At present, the Drude FF favors A-B DNA hybrid structures when simulated in nonphysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Winkler
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, 2000 East 30 South Skaggs 306, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112,United States
| | - Rodrigo Galindo-Murillo
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Ionis Pharmaceuticals, 2855 Gazelle Court, Carlsbad, California 92010, United States
| | - Thomas E. Cheatham
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, 2000 East 30 South Skaggs 306, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112,United States
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2
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Derewenda ZS. C-H Groups as Donors in Hydrogen Bonds: A Historical Overview and Occurrence in Proteins and Nucleic Acids. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13165. [PMID: 37685972 PMCID: PMC10488043 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen bonds constitute a unique type of non-covalent interaction, with a critical role in biology. Until fairly recently, the canonical view held that these bonds occur between electronegative atoms, typically O and N, and that they are mostly electrostatic in nature. However, it is now understood that polarized C-H groups may also act as hydrogen bond donors in many systems, including biological macromolecules. First recognized from physical chemistry studies, C-H…X bonds were visualized with X-ray crystallography sixty years ago, although their true significance has only been recognized in the last few decades. This review traces the origins of the field and describes the occurrence and significance of the most important C-H…O bonds in proteins and nucleic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zygmunt Stanislaw Derewenda
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903-2628, USA
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3
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Gorb L, Shishkin OV, Zubatiuk T. The Structure of DNA Fragments: Quantum-Chemical Modelling. BBA ADVANCES 2023; 3:100082. [PMID: 37082263 PMCID: PMC10074966 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadva.2023.100082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review, we analyze and systematize our computational studies of the nucleic acid duplex formations and thermodynamic stability under the different factors of investigation. The proposed structural models of mini-helix contains N nucleobase pairs (N = 3-5); QM structural data suggest that the helical conformations of mini-helix adopt geometrical parameters comparable to those of natural A- and B-DNA forms under specific conditions as micro hydration and charge compensation. The gas-phase models adopt non regular conformations between the helical form and a ladder form.. The natural helical shape of DNA mini-helix is stabilized by the presence of counterions or by explicit micro-hydration of the major and minor groves. The presence of aqueous solution is shown as a minor factor for the helical shape formation. The studies are performed at the level of density functional theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonid Gorb
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 150 Zabolotnogo str., 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine
- QSAR Lab Ltd., Trzy Lipy 3, B, 80-172 Gdańsk, Poland
- Corresponding author
| | - Oleg V. Shishkin
- State Scientific Institution “Institute for Single Crystals” of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Nauky Av. 60, 61072 Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Tetiana Zubatiuk
- Department of Chemistry, Mellon College of Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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4
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Li K, Yatsunyk LA, Neidle S. Machine learning shows torsion angle preferences in left-handed and right-handed quadruplex DNAs. Biophys J 2022; 121:4874-4881. [PMID: 35999813 PMCID: PMC9808593 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2022.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Left-handed G quadruplexes (LHG4) have been recently discovered as a new class of G quadruplexes. The biological functions of LHG4s are still unknown, but they share a striking resemblance to Z-DNA in their helicity and jagged phosphate backbone. To further understand structural features of the LHG4s that define their left handedness, we have employed human-interpretable machine-learning methods to classify right- and left-handed G4s purely based on torsional angle analysis. Our results reveal the importance of the α, β, δ, and χ angles in left-handed structuring across both Z-DNAs and LHG4s. Our analysis may serve as the first step to understanding the conditions of formation for LHG4s and their potential biological relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania
| | - Liliya A Yatsunyk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania
| | - Stephen Neidle
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
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5
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Grzechowiak M, Ruszkowska A, Sliwiak J, Urbanowicz A, Jaskolski M, Ruszkowski M. New aspects of DNA recognition by group II WRKY transcription factor revealed by structural and functional study of AtWRKY18 DNA binding domain. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 213:589-601. [PMID: 35660042 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.05.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
WRKY transcription factors (TFs) constitute one of the largest families of plant TFs. Based on the organization of domains and motifs, WRKY TFs are divided into three Groups (I-III). The WRKY subgroup IIa includes three representatives in A. thaliana, AtWRKY18, AtWRKY40, and AtWRKY60, that participate in biotic and abiotic stress responses. Here we present crystal structures of the DNA binding domain (DBD) of AtWRKY18 alone and in the complex with a DNA duplex containing the WRKY-recognition sequence, W-box. Subgroup IIa WRKY TFs are known to form homo and heterodimers. Our data suggest that the dimerization interface of the full-length AtWRKY18 involves contacts between the DBD subunits. DNA binding experiments and structural analysis point out novel aspects of DNA recognition by WRKY TFs. In particular, AtWRKY18-DBD preferentially binds an overlapping tandem of W-boxes accompanied by a quasi-W-box motif. The binding of DNA deforms the B-type double helix, which suggests that the DNA fragment must be prone to form a specific structure. This can explain why despite the short W-box consensus, WRKY TFs can precisely control gene expression. Finally, this first experimental structure of a Group II WRKY TF allowed us to compare Group I-III representatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Grzechowiak
- Department of Structural Biology of Eukaryotes, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan 61-704, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Ruszkowska
- Department of Structural Chemistry and Biology of Nucleic Acids, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan 61-704, Poland
| | - Joanna Sliwiak
- Laboratory of Protein Engineering, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan 61-704, Poland
| | - Anna Urbanowicz
- Laboratory of Protein Engineering, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan 61-704, Poland
| | - Mariusz Jaskolski
- Department of Structural Biology of Eukaryotes, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan 61-704, Poland; Department of Crystallography, Faculty of Chemistry, A. Mickiewicz University, Poznan 61-614, Poland
| | - Milosz Ruszkowski
- Department of Structural Biology of Eukaryotes, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan 61-704, Poland.
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6
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Developing Community Resources for Nucleic Acid Structures. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12040540. [PMID: 35455031 PMCID: PMC9031032 DOI: 10.3390/life12040540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review, we describe the creation of the Nucleic Acid Database (NDB) at Rutgers University and how it became a testbed for the current infrastructure of the RCSB Protein Data Bank. We describe some of the special features of the NDB and how it has been used to enable research. Plans for the next phase as the Nucleic Acid Knowledgebase (NAKB) are summarized.
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7
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Nieuwland C, Hamlin TA, Fonseca Guerra C, Barone G, Bickelhaupt FM. B-DNA Structure and Stability: The Role of Nucleotide Composition and Order. ChemistryOpen 2022; 11:e202100231. [PMID: 35083880 PMCID: PMC8805170 DOI: 10.1002/open.202100231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
We have quantum chemically analyzed the influence of nucleotide composition and sequence (that is, order) on the stability of double-stranded B-DNA triplets in aqueous solution. To this end, we have investigated the structure and bonding of all 32 possible DNA duplexes with Watson-Crick base pairing, using dispersion-corrected DFT at the BLYP-D3(BJ)/TZ2P level and COSMO for simulating aqueous solvation. We find enhanced stabilities for duplexes possessing a higher GC base pair content. Our activation strain analyses unexpectedly identify the loss of stacking interactions within individual strands as a destabilizing factor in the duplex formation, in addition to the better-known effects of partial desolvation. Furthermore, we show that the sequence-dependent differences in the interaction energy for duplexes of the same overall base pair composition result from the so-called "diagonal interactions" or "cross terms". Whether cross terms are stabilizing or destabilizing depends on the nature of the electrostatic interaction between polar functional groups in the pertinent nucleobases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine Nieuwland
- Department of Theoretical ChemistryAmsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS)Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM)Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081 HVAmsterdam (TheNetherlands
| | - Trevor A. Hamlin
- Department of Theoretical ChemistryAmsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS)Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM)Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081 HVAmsterdam (TheNetherlands
| | - Célia Fonseca Guerra
- Department of Theoretical ChemistryAmsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS)Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM)Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081 HVAmsterdam (TheNetherlands
- Leiden Institute of ChemistryGorlaeus LaboratoriesLeiden UniversityEinsteinweg 552300 CCLeiden (TheNetherlands
| | - Giampaolo Barone
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e FarmaceuticheUniversità degli Studi di PalermoViale delle Scienze, Edificio 1790128PalermoItaly
| | - F. Matthias Bickelhaupt
- Department of Theoretical ChemistryAmsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS)Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM)Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081 HVAmsterdam (TheNetherlands
- Institute of Molecules and MaterialsRadboud University NijmegenHeyendaalseweg 1356525 AJNijmegen (TheNetherlands
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8
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Convertible and Constrained Nucleotides: The 2'-Deoxyribose 5'-C-Functionalization Approach, a French Touch. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26195925. [PMID: 34641475 PMCID: PMC8512084 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Many strategies have been developed to modulate the biological or biotechnical properties of oligonucleotides by introducing new chemical functionalities or by enhancing their affinity and specificity while restricting their conformational space. Among them, we review our approach consisting of modifications of the 5’-C-position of the nucleoside sugar. This allows the introduction of an additional chemical handle at any position on the nucleotide chain without disturbing the Watson–Crick base-pairing. We show that 5’-C bromo or propargyl convertible nucleotides (CvN) are accessible in pure diastereoisomeric form, either for nucleophilic displacement or for CuAAC conjugation. Alternatively, the 5’-carbon can be connected in a stereo-controlled manner to the phosphate moiety of the nucleotide chain to generate conformationally constrained nucleotides (CNA). These allow the precise control of the sugar/phosphate backbone torsional angles. The consequent modulation of the nucleic acid shape induces outstanding stabilization properties of duplex or hairpin structures in accordance with the preorganization concept. Some biological applications of these distorted oligonucleotides are also described. Effectively, the convertible and the constrained approaches have been merged to create constrained and convertible nucleotides (C2NA) providing unique tools to functionalize and stabilize nucleic acids.
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9
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Markandran K, Xuan JVLE, Yu H, Shun LM, Ferenczi MA. Mn 2+ -Phos-Tag Polyacrylamide for the Quantification of Protein Phosphorylation Levels. Curr Protoc 2021; 1:e221. [PMID: 34411463 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This paper provides a guideline for optimizing and utilizing Mn2+ Phos-tag gel technology to separate phosphorylated proteins from their unphosphorylated counterparts. It provides key insights into methods for careful sample preparation and experimental directions for determining the appropriate Phos-tag gel compositions and electrophoresis and western blotting conditions. This protocol has been used to successfully resolve proteins extracted from cardiac and skeletal muscles. The guidelines can be extended for optimizing protocols to resolve proteins from other cells or tissue sources. With this, phosphoproteomics and the elucidation of underlying mechanisms of disease progression can be accelerated. © 2021 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasturi Markandran
- Laboratory of Muscle and Cardiac Biophysics, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Jane Vanetta Lee En Xuan
- Laboratory of Muscle and Cardiac Biophysics, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Laboratory of Muscle and Cardiac Biophysics, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.,WuXi Biologics, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lim Meng Shun
- Laboratory of Muscle and Cardiac Biophysics, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Michael A Ferenczi
- Laboratory of Muscle and Cardiac Biophysics, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.,Brunel Medical School, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
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10
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Yuan Y, Mills MJL, Zhang Z, Ma Y, Zhao C, Su W. A general RNA force field: comprehensive analysis of energy minima of molecular fragments of RNA. J Mol Model 2021; 27:137. [PMID: 33903935 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-021-04746-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Force fields are actively used to study RNA. Development of accurate force fields relies on a knowledge of how the variation of properties of molecules depends on their structure. Detailed scrutiny of RNA's conformational preferences is needed to guide such development. Towards this end, minimum energy structures for each of a set of 16 small RNA-derived molecules were obtained by geometry optimization at the HF/6-31G(d,p), B3LYP/apc-1, and MP2/cc-pVDZ levels of theory. The number of minima computed for a given fragment was found to be related to both its size and flexibility. Atomic electrostatic multipole moments of atoms occurring in the [HO-P(O3)-CH2-] fragment of 30 sugar-phosphate-sugar geometries were calculated at the HF/6-31G(d,p) and B3LYP/apc-1 levels of theory, and the transferability of these properties between different conformations was investigated. The atomic multipole moments were found to be highly transferable between different conformations with small standard deviations. These results indicate necessary elements of the development of accurate RNA force fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongna Yuan
- School of Information Science & Engineering, Lanzhou University, No. 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Matthew J L Mills
- 3M Corporate Research Analytical Laboratory, Saint Paul, MN, 55114, USA
| | - Zhuangzhuang Zhang
- School of Information Science & Engineering, Lanzhou University, No. 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China.,Xi'an Microelectronic Technology Institute, No.198 Taibai South Road, Xi'an, 710000, China
| | - Yan Ma
- School of Information Science & Engineering, Lanzhou University, No. 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Chunyan Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, No. 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Wei Su
- School of Information Science & Engineering, Lanzhou University, No. 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China
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11
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Beyond the double helix: DNA structural diversity and the PDB. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100553. [PMID: 33744292 PMCID: PMC8063756 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The determination of the double helical structure of DNA in 1953 remains the landmark event in the development of modern biological and biomedical science. This structure has also been the starting point for the determination of some 2000 DNA crystal structures in the subsequent 68 years. Their structural diversity has extended to the demonstration of sequence-dependent local structure in duplex DNA, to DNA bending in short and long sequences and in the DNA wound round the nucleosome, and to left-handed duplex DNAs. Beyond the double helix itself, in circumstances where DNA sequences are or can be induced to unwind from being duplex, a wide variety of topologies and forms can exist. Quadruplex structures, based on four-stranded cores of stacked G-quartets, are prevalent though not randomly distributed in the human and other genomes and can play roles in transcription, translation, and replication. Yet more complex folds can result in DNAs with extended tertiary structures and enzymatic/catalytic activity. The Protein Data Bank is the depository of all these structures, and the resource where structures can be critically examined and validated, as well as compared one with another to facilitate analysis of conformational and base morphology features. This review will briefly survey the major structural classes of DNAs and illustrate their significance, together with some examples of how the use of the Protein Data Bank by for example, data mining, has illuminated DNA structural concepts.
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12
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Chaput JC, Herdewijn P, Hollenstein M. Orthogonal Genetic Systems. Chembiochem 2020; 21:1408-1411. [PMID: 31889390 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201900725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Xenobiology is an emerging area of synthetic biology that aims to safeguard genetically engineered cells by storing synthetic biology information in xeno-nucleic acid polymers (XNAs). Critical to the success of this effort is the need to establish cellular systems that can maintain an XNA chromosome in actively dividing cells. This viewpoint discusses the structural parameters of the nucleic acid backbone that should be considered when designing an orthogonal genetic system that can replicate without interference from the endogenous genome. In addition to practical value, these studies have the potential to provide new fundamental insight into the structure and function properties of unnatural nucleic acid polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- John C Chaput
- Departments of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chemistry, and Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, 101 Theory, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
| | - Piet Herdewijn
- Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, Box 1041, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marcel Hollenstein
- Department of Structural Biology and Chemistry, Institut Pasteur, 28 rue du Docteur Roux, 75724, Paris, France
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13
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Horiba M, Yamaguchi T, Obika S. Synthesis and Properties of Oligonucleotides Having Ethynylphosphonate Linkages. J Org Chem 2020; 85:1794-1801. [PMID: 31867976 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Ethynylphosphonate (EP)-linked thymidine dimers were synthesized via a palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction and successfully incorporated into oligonucleotides. The oligonucleotides containing EP linkages appropriately formed a duplex with their complementary single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) and single-stranded DNA. The oligonucleotides containing both the EP linkages and 2'-O,4'-C-methylene-bridged nucleic acid/locked nucleic acid exhibited strong duplex-forming ability toward the complementary ssRNA. The EP-modified oligonucleotides exhibited higher exonuclease resistances than their natural counterparts. Moreover, one EP modification to a gapmer-type antisense oligonucleotide resulted in a switch of the cleavage site in the target ssRNA. Therefore, the EP modification can be applied for controlling the cleavage site in the RNase H-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiko Horiba
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Osaka University , 1-6 Yamadaoka , Suita , Osaka 565-0871 , Japan
| | - Takao Yamaguchi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Osaka University , 1-6 Yamadaoka , Suita , Osaka 565-0871 , Japan
| | - Satoshi Obika
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Osaka University , 1-6 Yamadaoka , Suita , Osaka 565-0871 , Japan
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14
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Istrate A, Johannsen S, Istrate A, Sigel RKO, Leumann CJ. NMR solution structure of tricyclo-DNA containing duplexes: insight into enhanced thermal stability and nuclease resistance. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 47:4872-4882. [PMID: 30916334 PMCID: PMC6511864 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Tc-DNA is a conformationally constrained oligonucleotide analogue which shows significant increase in thermal stability when hybridized with RNA, DNA or tc-DNA. Remarkably, recent studies revealed that tc-DNA antisense oligonucleotides (AO) hold great promise for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy and spinal muscular atrophy. To date, no high-resolution structural data is available for fully modified tc-DNA duplexes and little is known about the origins of their enhanced thermal stability. Here, we report the structures of a fully modified tc-DNA oligonucleotide paired with either complementary RNA, DNA or tc-DNA. All three investigated duplexes maintain a right-handed helical structure with Watson-Crick base pairing and overall geometry intermediate between A- and B-type, but closer to A-type structures. All sugars of the tc-DNA and RNA residues adopt a North conformation whereas the DNA deoxyribose are found in a South-East-North conformation equilibrium. The conformation of the tc-DNA strand in the three determined structures is nearly identical and despite the different nature and local geometry of the complementary strand, the overall structures of the examined duplexes are very similar suggesting that the tc-DNA strand dominates the duplex structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Istrate
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern CH-3012, Switzerland
| | - Silke Johannsen
- Department of Chemistry, Winterthurerstrasse 190, University of Zürich, Zürich CH-8057, Switzerland
| | - Alena Istrate
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern CH-3012, Switzerland
| | - Roland K O Sigel
- Department of Chemistry, Winterthurerstrasse 190, University of Zürich, Zürich CH-8057, Switzerland
| | - Christian J Leumann
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern CH-3012, Switzerland
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15
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Escudier JM, Payrastre C, Gerland B, Tarrat N. Convertible and conformationally constrained nucleic acids (C 2NAs). Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:6386-6397. [PMID: 31210235 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01150a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We introduce the concept of Convertible and Constrained Nucleic Acids (C2NAs). By means of the synthesis of a stereocontrolled N-propargyl dioxo-1,3,2-oxaza-phosphorinane as an internucleotidic linkage, the torsional angles α and β can adopt either the canonical (g-, t) set of values able to increase DNA duplex stability or the non-canonical (g+, t) set that stabilized the hairpin structure when installed within the loop moiety. With an appended propargyl function on the nitrogen atom of the six-membered ring, the copper catalysed Huisgen's cycloaddition (CuAAC click chemistry) allows for the introduction of new functionalities at any location on the nucleic acid chain while maintaining the properties brought by the geometrical constraint and the neutral internucleotidic linkage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Marc Escudier
- Laboratoire de Synthèse et Physico-Chimie de Molécules d'Intérêt Biologique, UMR CNRS 5068, Université Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France.
| | - Corinne Payrastre
- Laboratoire de Synthèse et Physico-Chimie de Molécules d'Intérêt Biologique, UMR CNRS 5068, Université Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France.
| | - Béatrice Gerland
- Laboratoire de Synthèse et Physico-Chimie de Molécules d'Intérêt Biologique, UMR CNRS 5068, Université Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France.
| | - Nathalie Tarrat
- CEMES, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 29 rue Jeanne Marvig, Toulouse 31055, France
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16
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Dai D, Pu T, Liang J, Wang Z, Tang A. Regulation of dndB Gene Expression in Streptomyces lividans. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2387. [PMID: 30349518 PMCID: PMC6186775 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA sulfur modification is a unique modification occurring in the sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA, with a nonbridging oxygen atom substituted with sulfur in a sequence-specific and Rp stereo-specific manner. Bioinformatics, RNA-seq, and in vitro transcriptional analyses have shown that DNA sulfur modification may be involved in epigenetic regulation. However, the in vivo evidence supporting this assertion is not convincing. Here, we aimed to characterize two sulfur-modified sites near the dndB promoter region in Streptomyces lividans. Single mutation of either site had no effect on dndB transcription, whereas double mutation of both sites significantly elevated dndB expression. These findings suggested that DNA sulfur modification affected gene expression, and the role of DNA sulfur modification in epigenetic regulation depended on the number of sulfur-modified sites. We also identified an inverted repeat, the R repeat sequence, and showed that this sequence participated in the positive regulation of dndB gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daofeng Dai
- Health Science Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tianning Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingdan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhijun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Aifa Tang
- Health Science Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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17
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Howell SC, Qiu X, Curtis JE. Monte Carlo simulation algorithm for B-DNA. J Comput Chem 2018; 37:2553-63. [PMID: 27671358 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.24474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the structure-function relationship of biomolecules containing DNA has motivated experiments aimed at determining molecular structure using methods such as small-angle X-ray and neutron scattering (SAXS and SANS). SAXS and SANS are useful for determining macromolecular shape in solution, a process which benefits by using atomistic models that reproduce the scattering data. The variety of algorithms available for creating and modifying model DNA structures lack the ability to rapidly modify all-atom models to generate structure ensembles. This article describes a Monte Carlo algorithm for simulating DNA, not with the goal of predicting an equilibrium structure, but rather to generate an ensemble of plausible structures which can be filtered using experimental results to identify a sub-ensemble of conformations that reproduce the solution scattering of DNA macromolecules. The algorithm generates an ensemble of atomic structures through an iterative cycle in which B-DNA is represented using a wormlike bead-rod model, new configurations are generated by sampling bend and twist moves, then atomic detail is recovered by back mapping from the final coarse-grained configuration. Using this algorithm on commodity computing hardware, one can rapidly generate an ensemble of atomic level models, each model representing a physically realistic configuration that could be further studied using molecular dynamics. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven C Howell
- Neutron Condensed Matter Science Group, NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, 20899-8562
| | - Xiangyun Qiu
- Department of Physics, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, 20052
| | - Joseph E Curtis
- Neutron Condensed Matter Science Group, NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, 20899-8562.
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18
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Luo Z, Dauter Z, Gilski M. Four highly pseudosymmetric and/or twinned structures of d(CGCGCG) 2 extend the repertoire of crystal structures of Z-DNA. Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol 2017; 73:940-951. [PMID: 29095165 PMCID: PMC5683016 DOI: 10.1107/s2059798317014954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA oligomer duplexes containing alternating cytosines and guanines in their sequences tend to form left-handed helices of the Z-DNA type, with the sugar and phosphate backbone in a zigzag conformation and a helical repeat of two successive nucleotides. Z-DNA duplexes usually crystallize as hexagonally arranged parallel helical tubes, with various relative orientations and translation of neighboring duplexes. Four novel high-resolution crystal structures of d(CGCGCG)2 duplexes are described here. They are characterized by a high degree of pseudosymmetry and/or twinning, with three or four independent duplexes differently oriented in a monoclinic P21 lattice of hexagonal metric. The various twinning criteria give somewhat conflicting indications in these complicated cases of crystal pathology. The details of molecular packing in these crystal structures are compared with other known crystal forms of Z-DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipu Luo
- Synchrotron Radiation Research Section, MCL, National Cancer Institute, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Zbigniew Dauter
- Synchrotron Radiation Research Section, MCL, National Cancer Institute, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Miroslaw Gilski
- Department of Crystallography, Faculty of Chemistry, A. Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland
- Center for Biocrystallographic Research, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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19
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Gorb L, Zubatiuk TA, Zubatyuk R, Hovorun D, Leszczynski J. d(A)3d(T)3 and d(G)3d(C)3 B-DNA mini-helixes: the DFT/M06-2x and DFT/B97-D3 comparison of geometrical and energetic characteristics. J Mol Model 2017; 23:289. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-017-3449-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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20
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Sunami T, Chatake T, Kono H. DNA conformational transitions inferred from re-evaluation of m|F o| - D|F c| electron-density maps. Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol 2017; 73:600-608. [PMID: 28695860 PMCID: PMC5505156 DOI: 10.1107/s2059798317007707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Conformational flexibility of DNA plays important roles in biological processes such as transcriptional regulation and DNA packaging etc. To understand the mechanisms of these processes, it is important to analyse when, where and how DNA shows conformational variations. Recent analyses have indicated that conventional refinement methods do not always provide accurate models of crystallographic heterogeneities and that some information on polymorphism has been overlooked in previous crystallographic studies. In the present study, the m|Fo| - D|Fc| electron-density maps of double-helical DNA crystal structures were calculated at a resolution equal to or better than 1.5 Å and potential conformational transitions were found in 27% of DNA phosphates. Detailed analyses of the m|Fo| - D|Fc| peaks indicated that some of these unassigned densities correspond to ZI ↔ ZII or A/B → BI conformational transitions. A relationship was also found between ZI/ZII transitions and metal coordination in Z-DNA from the detected peaks. The present study highlights that frequent transitions of phosphate backbones occur even in crystals and that some of these transitions are affected by the local molecular environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Sunami
- Molecular Modeling and Simulation Group, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa 619-0215, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Chatake
- Research Reactor Institute, Kyoto University, 2 Asashironishi, Kumatori, Osaka 590-0494, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Kono
- Molecular Modeling and Simulation Group, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa 619-0215, Japan
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21
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Istrate A, Katolik A, Istrate A, Leumann CJ. 2'β-Fluoro-Tricyclo Nucleic Acids (2'F-tc-ANA): Thermal Duplex Stability, Structural Studies, and RNase H Activation. Chemistry 2017; 23:10310-10318. [PMID: 28477335 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201701476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
We describe the synthesis, thermal stability, structural and RNase H activation properties of 2'β-fluoro-tricyclo nucleic acids (2'F-tc-ANA). Three 2'F-tc-ANA nucleosides (T, 5Me C and A) were synthesized starting from a previously described fluorinated tricyclo sugar intermediate. NMR analysis and quantum mechanical calculations indicate that 2'F-tc-ANA nucleosides prefer sugar conformations in the East and South regions of the pseudorotational cycle. UV-melting experiments revealed that non-consecutive insertions of 2'F-tc-ANA units in DNA reduce the affinity to DNA and RNA complements. However, an oligonucleotide with five contiguous 2'F-tc-ANA-T insertions exhibits increased affinity to complementary RNA. Moreover, a fully modified 10-mer 2'F-tc-ANA oligonucleotide paired to both DNA (+1.6 °C/mod) and RNA (+2.5 °C/mod) with significantly higher affinity compared to corresponding unmodified DNA, and similar affinity compared to corresponding tc-DNA. In addition, CD spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulations indicate that the conformation of the 2'F-tc-ANA/RNA duplex is similar to that of a DNA/RNA duplex. Moreover, in some sequence contexts, 2'F-tc-ANA promotes RNase H-mediated cleavage of a complementary RNA strand. Taken together, 2'F-tc-ANA represents a nucleic acid analogue that offers the advantage of high RNA affinity while maintaining the ability to activate RNase H, and can be considered a prospective candidate for gene silencing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Istrate
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Adam Katolik
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andrei Istrate
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christian J Leumann
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
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22
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Tetrahelical structural family adopted by AGCGA-rich regulatory DNA regions. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15355. [PMID: 28513602 PMCID: PMC5442326 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we describe AGCGA-quadruplexes, an unexpected addition to the well-known tetrahelical families, G-quadruplexes and i-motifs, that have been a focus of intense research due to their potential biological impact in G- and C-rich DNA regions, respectively. High-resolution structures determined by solution-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy demonstrate that AGCGA-quadruplexes comprise four 5′-AGCGA-3′ tracts and are stabilized by G-A and G-C base pairs forming GAGA- and GCGC-quartets, respectively. Residues in the core of the structure are connected with edge-type loops. Sequences of alternating 5′-AGCGA-3′ and 5′-GGG-3′ repeats could be expected to form G-quadruplexes, but are shown herein to form AGCGA-quadruplexes instead. Unique structural features of AGCGA-quadruplexes together with lower sensitivity to cation and pH variation imply their potential biological relevance in regulatory regions of genes responsible for basic cellular processes that are related to neurological disorders, cancer and abnormalities in bone and cartilage development. DNA tetrahelical structures such as G-quadruplexes are known to play important roles in DNA replication and repair. Here the authors present the structure of 5′-AGCGA-3′-quadruplexes enriched in genetic regulatory regions.
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23
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Molt RW, Georgiadis MM, Richards NG. Consecutive non-natural PZ nucleobase pairs in DNA impact helical structure as seen in 50 μs molecular dynamics simulations. Nucleic Acids Res 2017; 45:3643-3653. [PMID: 28334863 PMCID: PMC5397145 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkx144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 02/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Z Little is known about the influence of multiple consecutive 'non-standard' ( , 6-amino-5-nitro-2(1H)-pyridone, and , 2-amino-imidazo[1,2-a]-1,3,5-triazin-4(8H)-one) nucleobase pairs on the structural parameters of duplex DNA. nucleobase pairs follow standard rules for Watson-Crick base pairing but have rearranged hydrogen bonding donor and acceptor groups. Using the X-ray crystal structure as a starting point, we have modeled the motions of a DNA duplex built from a self-complementary oligonucleotide (5΄-CTTATPPPZZZATAAG-3΄) in water over a period of 50 μs and calculated DNA local parameters, step parameters, helix parameters, and major/minor groove widths to examine how the presence of multiple, consecutive nucleobase pairs might impact helical structure. In these simulations, the -containing DNA duplex exhibits a significantly wider major groove and greater average values of stagger, slide, rise, twist and h-rise than observed for a 'control' oligonucleotide in which nucleobase pairs are replaced by . The molecular origins of these structural changes are likely associated with at least two differences between and . First, the electrostatic properties of differ from in terms of density distribution and dipole moment. Second, differences are seen in the base stacking of pairs in dinucleotide steps, arising from energetically favorable stacking of the nitro group in with π-electrons of the adjacent base.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert W. Molt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- ENSCO, Inc., 4849 North Wickham Road, Melbourne, FL 32940, USA
| | - Millie M. Georgiadis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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24
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Balaceanu A, Pasi M, Dans PD, Hospital A, Lavery R, Orozco M. The Role of Unconventional Hydrogen Bonds in Determining BII Propensities in B-DNA. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:21-28. [PMID: 27935717 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b02451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
An accurate understanding of DNA backbone transitions is likely to be the key for elucidating the puzzle of the intricate sequence-dependent mechanical properties that govern most of the biologically relevant functions of the double helix. One factor believed to be important in indirect recognition within protein-DNA complexes is the combined effect of two DNA backbone torsions (ε and ζ) which give rise to the well-known BI/BII conformational equilibrium. In this work we explain the sequence-dependent BII propensity observed in RpY steps (R = purine; Y = pyrimidine) at the tetranucleotide level with the help of a previously undetected C-H···O contact between atoms belonging to adjacent bases. Our results are supported by extensive multimicrosecond molecular dynamics simulations from the Ascona B-DNA Consortium, high-level quantum mechanical calculations, and data mining of the experimental structures deposited in the Protein Data Bank.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Balaceanu
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Baldiri Reixac 10-12, Barcelona 08028, Spain
- Joint BSC-IRB Program in Computational Biology, Institute for Research in Biomedicine , Baldiri Reixac 10-12, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Marco Pasi
- MMSB, Univ. Lyon I/CNRS UMR 5086, Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, 7 Passage du Vercors, Lyon 69367, France
- School of Pharmacy and Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, University of Nottingham , University Park NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Pablo D Dans
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Baldiri Reixac 10-12, Barcelona 08028, Spain
- Joint BSC-IRB Program in Computational Biology, Institute for Research in Biomedicine , Baldiri Reixac 10-12, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Adam Hospital
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Baldiri Reixac 10-12, Barcelona 08028, Spain
- Joint BSC-IRB Program in Computational Biology, Institute for Research in Biomedicine , Baldiri Reixac 10-12, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Richard Lavery
- MMSB, Univ. Lyon I/CNRS UMR 5086, Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, 7 Passage du Vercors, Lyon 69367, France
| | - Modesto Orozco
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Baldiri Reixac 10-12, Barcelona 08028, Spain
- Joint BSC-IRB Program in Computational Biology, Institute for Research in Biomedicine , Baldiri Reixac 10-12, Barcelona 08028, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona . Diagonal 643, Barcelona 08028, Spain
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25
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Samanta S, Raghunathan D, Mukherjee S. Effect of temperature on the structure and hydration layer of TATA-box DNA: A molecular dynamics simulation study. J Mol Graph Model 2016; 66:9-19. [PMID: 27017424 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2016.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
DNA within the living cells experiences a diverse range of temperature, ranging from freezing condition to hot spring water. How the structure, the mechanical properties of DNA, and the solvation dynamics around DNA changes with the temperature is important to understand the functionality of DNA under those acute temperature conditions. In that notion, we have carried out molecular dynamics simulations of a DNA oligomer, containing TATA-box sequence for three different temperatures (250K, 300K and 350K). We observed that the structure of the DNA, in terms of backbone torsion angles, sugar pucker, base pair parameters, and base pair step parameters, did not show any unusual properties within the studied range of temperatures, but significant structural alteration was noticed between BI and BII forms at higher temperature. As expected, the flexibility of the DNA, in terms of the torsional rigidity and the bending rigidity is highly temperature dependent, confirming that flexibility increases with increase in temperature. Additionally, the groove widths of the studied DNA showed temperature sensitivity, specifically, the major groove width decreases and the minor groove width increases, respectively, with the increase in temperature. We observed that at higher temperature, water around both the major and the minor groove of the DNA is less structured. However, the water dynamics around the minor groove of the DNA is more restricted as compared to the water around the major groove throughout the studied range of temperatures, without any anomalous behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudipta Samanta
- BioSystems and Micromechanics IRG (BioSyM), Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART), 1 Create Way, 117543, Republic of Singapore; Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - Devanathan Raghunathan
- Prochem Solutions Pte. Ltd., 89C Science Park Drive, The Rutherford, # 04-13, Singapore Science Park 1, 118261, Singapore
| | - Sanchita Mukherjee
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India
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26
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Jana S, Santra RC, Frontera A, Drew MGB, Ortega-Castro J, Fernández D, Das S, Chattopadhyay S. Copper(II) pseudohalide complexes with isomeric N2O donor Schiff base ligands: Synthesis, characterization and molecular dynamics simulations of interactions with DNA. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201500018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Subrata Jana
- Department of Chemistry; Inorganic Section; Jadavpur University; Kolkata - 700 032 India
| | - Ramesh Chandra Santra
- Department of Chemistry; Inorganic Section; Jadavpur University; Kolkata - 700 032 India
| | - Antonio Frontera
- Departament de Química; Universitat de les Illes Balears; Crta de Valldemossa km 7.5 07122 Palma de Mallorca (Baleares SPAIN
| | - Michael G. B. Drew
- School of Chemistry; The University of Reading; P.O. Box 224 Whiteknights Reading RG6 6AD UK
| | - Joaquín Ortega-Castro
- Departament de Química; Universitat de les Illes Balears; Crta de Valldemossa km 7.5 07122 Palma de Mallorca (Baleares SPAIN
| | - David Fernández
- Departament de Química; Universitat de les Illes Balears; Crta de Valldemossa km 7.5 07122 Palma de Mallorca (Baleares SPAIN
| | - Saurabh Das
- Department of Chemistry; Inorganic Section; Jadavpur University; Kolkata - 700 032 India
| | - Shouvik Chattopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry; Inorganic Section; Jadavpur University; Kolkata - 700 032 India
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27
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Imeddourene AB, Xu X, Zargarian L, Oguey C, Foloppe N, Mauffret O, Hartmann B. The intrinsic mechanics of B-DNA in solution characterized by NMR. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:3432-47. [PMID: 26883628 PMCID: PMC4838374 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental characterization of the structural couplings in free B-DNA in solution has been elusive, because of subtle effects that are challenging to tackle. Here, the exploitation of the NMR measurements collected on four dodecamers containing a substantial set of dinucleotide sequences provides new, consistent correlations revealing the DNA intrinsic mechanics. The difference between two successive residual dipolar couplings (ΔRDCs) involving C6/8-H6/8, C3′-H3′ and C4′-H4′ vectors are correlated to the 31P chemical shifts (δP), which reflect the populations of the BI and BII backbone states. The δPs are also correlated to the internucleotide distances (Dinter) involving H6/8, H2′ and H2″ protons. Calculations of NMR quantities on high resolution X-ray structures and controlled models of DNA enable to interpret these couplings: the studied ΔRDCs depend mostly on roll, while Dinter are mainly sensitive to twist or slide. Overall, these relations demonstrate how δP measurements inform on key inter base parameters, in addition to probe the BI↔BII backbone equilibrium, and shed new light into coordinated motions of phosphate groups and bases in free B-DNA in solution. Inspection of the 5′ and 3′ ends of the dodecamers also supplies new information on the fraying events, otherwise neglected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akli Ben Imeddourene
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Pharmacologie Appliquée, ENS Cachan, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 61 avenue du Président Wilson, 94235 Cachan cedex, France Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Xiaoqian Xu
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Pharmacologie Appliquée, ENS Cachan, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 61 avenue du Président Wilson, 94235 Cachan cedex, France Department of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 200062 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Loussiné Zargarian
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Pharmacologie Appliquée, ENS Cachan, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 61 avenue du Président Wilson, 94235 Cachan cedex, France
| | - Christophe Oguey
- Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modélisation, UMR 8089, CNRS, Université de Cergy-Pontoise, Cergy-Pontoise, France
| | | | - Olivier Mauffret
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Pharmacologie Appliquée, ENS Cachan, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 61 avenue du Président Wilson, 94235 Cachan cedex, France
| | - Brigitte Hartmann
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Pharmacologie Appliquée, ENS Cachan, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 61 avenue du Président Wilson, 94235 Cachan cedex, France
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28
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Nikolaienko TY, Bulavin LA, Hovorun DM. Can we treat ab initio atomic charges and bond orders as conformation-independent electronic structure descriptors? RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra17055b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
It is shown that atomic charges and bond orders of 2′-deoxycytidine depend on the molecule conformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Yu. Nikolaienko
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
- Faculty of Physics
- Kyiv 01601
- Ukraine
| | - L. A. Bulavin
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
- Faculty of Physics
- Kyiv 01601
- Ukraine
| | - D. M. Hovorun
- Department of Molecular and Quantum Biophysics
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics
- National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
- Kyiv 03680
- Ukraine
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29
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Juneja A, Villa A, Nilsson L. Elucidating the Relation between Internal Motions and Dihedral Angles in an RNA Hairpin Using Molecular Dynamics. J Chem Theory Comput 2015; 10:3532-40. [PMID: 26588317 DOI: 10.1021/ct500203m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Molecular dynamics simulations were performed to characterize the internal motions of the ribonucleic acid apical stem loop of human hepatitis B virus. The NMR relaxation rates calculated directly from the trajectory are in good agreement with the experiment. Calculated order parameters follow the experimental pattern. Order parameters lower than 0.8 are observed for nucleotides that are weakly hydrogen bonded to their base pair partner, unpaired, or part of the loop. These residues show slow decay of the internal correlation functions of their base and sugar C-H vectors. Concerted motions around backbone dihedral angles influence the amplitude of motion of the sugar and base C-H vectors. The order parameters for base C-H vectors are also affected by the fluctuation of the glycosidic dihedral angle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok Juneja
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Center of Biosciences, Karolinska Institutet , SE-141 83 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Alessandra Villa
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Center of Biosciences, Karolinska Institutet , SE-141 83 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Lennart Nilsson
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Center of Biosciences, Karolinska Institutet , SE-141 83 Huddinge, Sweden
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30
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Anosova I, Kowal EA, Dunn MR, Chaput JC, Van Horn WD, Egli M. The structural diversity of artificial genetic polymers. Nucleic Acids Res 2015; 44:1007-21. [PMID: 26673703 PMCID: PMC4756832 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkv1472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic genetics is a subdiscipline of synthetic biology that aims to develop artificial genetic polymers (also referred to as xeno-nucleic acids or XNAs) that can replicate in vitro and eventually in model cellular organisms. This field of science combines organic chemistry with polymerase engineering to create alternative forms of DNA that can store genetic information and evolve in response to external stimuli. Practitioners of synthetic genetics postulate that XNA could be used to safeguard synthetic biology organisms by storing genetic information in orthogonal chromosomes. XNA polymers are also under active investigation as a source of nuclease resistant affinity reagents (aptamers) and catalysts (xenozymes) with practical applications in disease diagnosis and treatment. In this review, we provide a structural perspective on known antiparallel duplex structures in which at least one strand of the Watson-Crick duplex is composed entirely of XNA. Currently, only a handful of XNA structures have been archived in the Protein Data Bank as compared to the more than 100 000 structures that are now available. Given the growing interest in xenobiology projects, we chose to compare the structural features of XNA polymers and discuss their potential to access new regions of nucleic acid fold space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Anosova
- The Biodesign Institute, Virginia G. Piper Center for Personalized Diagnostics, School of Molecular Sciences, Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-5001, USA
| | - Ewa A Kowal
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Structural Biology, and Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232-0146, USA
| | - Matthew R Dunn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - John C Chaput
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Wade D Van Horn
- The Biodesign Institute, Virginia G. Piper Center for Personalized Diagnostics, School of Molecular Sciences, Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-5001, USA
| | - Martin Egli
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Structural Biology, and Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232-0146, USA
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31
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Ben Imeddourene A, Elbahnsi A, Guéroult M, Oguey C, Foloppe N, Hartmann B. Simulations Meet Experiment to Reveal New Insights into DNA Intrinsic Mechanics. PLoS Comput Biol 2015; 11:e1004631. [PMID: 26657165 PMCID: PMC4689557 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The accurate prediction of the structure and dynamics of DNA remains a major challenge in computational biology due to the dearth of precise experimental information on DNA free in solution and limitations in the DNA force-fields underpinning the simulations. A new generation of force-fields has been developed to better represent the sequence-dependent B-DNA intrinsic mechanics, in particular with respect to the BI ↔ BII backbone equilibrium, which is essential to understand the B-DNA properties. Here, the performance of MD simulations with the newly updated force-fields Parmbsc0εζOLI and CHARMM36 was tested against a large ensemble of recent NMR data collected on four DNA dodecamers involved in nucleosome positioning. We find impressive progress towards a coherent, realistic representation of B-DNA in solution, despite residual shortcomings. This improved representation allows new and deeper interpretation of the experimental observables, including regarding the behavior of facing phosphate groups in complementary dinucleotides, and their modulation by the sequence. It also provides the opportunity to extensively revisit and refine the coupling between backbone states and inter base pair parameters, which emerges as a common theme across all the complementary dinucleotides. In sum, the global agreement between simulations and experiment reveals new aspects of intrinsic DNA mechanics, a key component of DNA-protein recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akli Ben Imeddourene
- LBPA, CNRS, ENS Cachan, Université Paris-Saclay, Cachan, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Ahmad Elbahnsi
- LBPA, CNRS, ENS Cachan, Université Paris-Saclay, Cachan, France
- LPTM, UMR 8089, Université de Cergy-Pontoise, Cergy-Pontoise, France
| | - Marc Guéroult
- UMR S665, INSERM, Université Paris Diderot, INTS, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Oguey
- LPTM, UMR 8089, Université de Cergy-Pontoise, Cergy-Pontoise, France
| | | | - Brigitte Hartmann
- LBPA, CNRS, ENS Cachan, Université Paris-Saclay, Cachan, France
- * E-mail: (NF); (BH)
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32
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Zubatiuk T, Kukuev MA, Korolyova AS, Gorb L, Nyporko A, Hovorun D, Leszczynski J. Structure and Binding Energy of Double-Stranded A-DNA Mini-helices: Quantum-Chemical Study. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:12741-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b04644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tetiana Zubatiuk
- Division
of Functional Materials Chemistry, SSI “Institute for Single
Crystals”, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kharkiv 61001, Ukraine
| | - Maxim A. Kukuev
- Division
of Functional Materials Chemistry, SSI “Institute for Single
Crystals”, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kharkiv 61001, Ukraine
| | - Alexandra S. Korolyova
- Department
of Molecular Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv 03022, Ukraine
| | - Leonid Gorb
- Department
of Molecular Biophysics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv 03143, Ukraine
| | - Alexey Nyporko
- Department
of Molecular Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv 03022, Ukraine
| | - Dmytro Hovorun
- Department
of Molecular Biophysics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv 03143, Ukraine
| | - Jerzy Leszczynski
- Interdisciplinary
Center for Nanotoxicity, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Jackson State University, Jackson, Mississippi 39217, United States
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33
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Mukhina TM, Nikolaienko TY. THE EFFECT OF CHLORINATION OF NUCLEOTIDE BASES ON THE CONFORMATIONAL PROPERTIES OF THYMIDINE MONOPHOSPHATE. UKRAINIAN BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL 2015; 87:141-55. [PMID: 26255348 DOI: 10.15407/ubj87.02.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies on Escherichia coli bacteria cultivation, in which DNA thymine was replaced with 5-chlorouracil have refreshed the problem of understanding the changes to physical properties of DNA monomers resultant from chemical modifications. These studies have shown that the replacement did not affect the normal activities and division of the bacteria, but has significantly reduced its life span. In this paper a comparative analysis was carried out by the methods of computational experiment of a set of 687 possible conformers of natural monomeric DNA unit (2'-deoxyribonucleotide thymidine monophosphate) and 660 conformers of 5-chloro-2'-deoxyuridine monophosphate - a similar molecules in which the natural nitrogenous base thymine is substituted with 5-chlorouracil. Structures of stable conformers of the modified deoxyribonucleotide have been obtained and physical factors, which determine their variation from the conformers of the unmodified molecule have been analyzed. A comparative analysis of the elastic properties of conformers of investigated molecules and non-covalent interactions present in them was conducted. The results can be usedfor planning experiments on synthesis of artficial DNA suitable for incorporation into living organisms.
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34
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Gupta YK, Chan SH, Xu SY, Aggarwal AK. Structural basis of asymmetric DNA methylation and ATP-triggered long-range diffusion by EcoP15I. Nat Commun 2015; 6:7363. [PMID: 26067164 PMCID: PMC4490356 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Type III R–M enzymes were identified >40 years ago and yet there is no structural information on these multisubunit enzymes. Here we report the structure of a Type III R–M system, consisting of the entire EcoP15I complex (Mod2Res1) bound to DNA. The structure suggests how ATP hydrolysis is coupled to long-range diffusion of a helicase on DNA, and how a dimeric methyltransferase functions to methylate only one of the two DNA strands. We show that the EcoP15I motor domains are specifically adapted to bind double-stranded DNA and to facilitate DNA sliding via a novel ‘Pin' domain. We also uncover unexpected ‘division of labour', where one Mod subunit recognizes DNA, while the other Mod subunit methylates the target adenine—a mechanism that may extend to adenine N6 RNA methylation in mammalian cells. Together the structure sheds new light on the mechanisms of both helicases and methyltransferases in DNA and RNA metabolism. Type III restriction–modification enzymes consists of two methylation and one or two restriction subunits. Here the authors report the structure of the full EcoP15I complex bound to DNA, which suggests mechanisms for ATP hydrolysis dependent diffusion along DNA and how a dimeric methyltransferase modifies only one DNA strand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh K Gupta
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Box 1677, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Siu-Hong Chan
- New England Biolabs Inc., 240 County Road, Ipswich, Massachusetts 01938, USA
| | - Shuang-Yong Xu
- New England Biolabs Inc., 240 County Road, Ipswich, Massachusetts 01938, USA
| | - Aneel K Aggarwal
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Box 1677, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10029, USA
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35
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Chomicz L, Golon Ł, Rak J. The radiosensitivity of 5- and 6-bromocytidine derivatives--electron induced DNA degradation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 16:19424-8. [PMID: 25102433 DOI: 10.1039/c4cp03139c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Halogenated nucleotides belong to the group of radiosensitizers that sensitize solid tumors when incorporated into genomic DNA. Here, we consider the propensity of two isomeric bromocytidine derivatives, 3',5'-diphosphates of 5-bromo-2'-deoxycytidine (5BrdCDP) and 6-bromo-2'-deoxycytidine (6BrdCDP), to be damaged by electrons - one of the most abundant products formed during radiotherapy. An intranucleotide degradation mechanism leading to phosphodiester bond breakage (a model of single strand breakage in labeled DNA) and a ketone derivative formation was found for 6BrdCDP, while for 5BrdCDP a similar mechanism is sterically hindered. 5BrdCDP is, therefore, suggested to undergo electron induced degradation involving hydrogen transfer from a neighboring nucleotide or environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Chomicz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland.
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36
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Xie Y, Wang X, Huang R, Qi W, Wang Y, Su R, He Z. Electrostatic and aromatic interaction-directed supramolecular self-assembly of a designed Fmoc-tripeptide into helical nanoribbons. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:2885-94. [PMID: 25694059 DOI: 10.1021/la504757c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular self-assembly offers an efficient pathway for creating macroscopically chiral structures in biology and materials science. Here, a new peptide consisting of an N-(9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl) headgroup connected to an aromatic phenylalanine-tryptophan dipeptide and terminated with zwitterionic lysine (Fmoc-FWK) and its cationic form (Fmoc-FWK-NH2) were designed for self-assembly into chiral structures. It was found that the Fmoc-FWK peptide self-assembled into left-handed helical nanoribbons at pH 11.2-11.8, whereas it formed nanofibers at pH 5 and 12 and large flat ribbons composed of many nanofibers in the pH range of 6-11. However, only nanofibers were observed in the cases of Fmoc-FWK-NH2 at different values. A series of structural characterizations based on CD, FTIR, UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy reveal that the electrostatic and aromatic interactions and the associated hydrogen bonding direct the self-assembly into various structures. The enhanced π-π stacking and hydrogen bonding were found in the helical nanoribbons. This difference in intermolecular interactions should be derived from the ionization of carboxyl and amino groups from lysine residues at different pH values. Furthermore, we performed molecular dynamics simulations to gain insight into the assembly mechanisms. The results imply that a relatively rigid molecular conformation and the strong intramolecular aromatic interaction between Trp and Fmoc groups favor chiral self-assembly. This study is the first attempt to design a Fmoc-tripeptide for the fabrication of helical structures with macroscopic chirality, which provides a successful example and allows us to create new peptide-based chiral assembly systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, ‡School of Environmental Science and Engineering, and §Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072, PR China
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37
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Abstract
Aside from the well-known double helix, DNA can also adopt an alternative four-stranded structure known as G-quadruplex. Implications of such a structure in cellular processes, as well as its therapeutic and diagnostic applications, have been reported. The G-quadruplex structure is highly polymorphic, but so far, only right-handed helical forms have been observed. Here we present the NMR solution and X-ray crystal structures of a left-handed DNA G-quadruplex. The structure displays unprecedented features that can be exploited as unique recognition elements.
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38
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Galindo-Murillo R, Roe DR, Cheatham TE. On the absence of intrahelical DNA dynamics on the μs to ms timescale. Nat Commun 2014; 5:5152. [PMID: 25351257 PMCID: PMC4215645 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA helices display a rich tapestry of motion on both short (<100 ns) and long (>1 ms) timescales. However, with the exception of mismatched or damaged DNA, experimental measures indicate that motions in the 1 μs to 1 ms range are effectively absent, which is often attributed to difficulties in measuring motions in this time range. We hypothesized that these motions have not been measured because there is effectively no motion on this timescale, as this provides a means to distinguish faithful Watson-Crick base-paired DNA from damaged DNA. The absence of motion on this timescale would present a 'static' DNA sequence-specific structure that matches the encounter timescales of proteins, thereby facilitating recognition. Here we report long-timescale (~10-44 μs) molecular dynamics simulations of a B-DNA duplex structure that addresses this hypothesis using both an 'Anton' machine and large ensembles of AMBER GPU simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Galindo-Murillo
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, L.S. Skaggs Pharmacy Institute, University of Utah, 2000 East 30 South Skaggs 307, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| | - Daniel R Roe
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, L.S. Skaggs Pharmacy Institute, University of Utah, 2000 East 30 South Skaggs 307, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| | - Thomas E Cheatham
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, L.S. Skaggs Pharmacy Institute, University of Utah, 2000 East 30 South Skaggs 307, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
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39
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MS-based metabolomics facilitates the discovery of in vivo functional small molecules with a diversity of biological contexts. Future Med Chem 2014; 5:1953-65. [PMID: 24175746 DOI: 10.4155/fmc.13.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In vivo small molecules as necessary intermediates are involved in numerous critical metabolic pathways and biological processes associated with many essential biological functions and events. There is growing evidence that MS-based metabolomics is emerging as a powerful tool to facilitate the discovery of functional small molecules that can better our understanding of development, infection, nutrition, disease, toxicity, drug therapeutics, gene modifications and host-pathogen interaction from metabolic perspectives. However, further progress must still be made in MS-based metabolomics because of the shortcomings in the current technologies and knowledge. This technique-driven review aims to explore the discovery of in vivo functional small molecules facilitated by MS-based metabolomics and to highlight the analytic capabilities and promising applications of this discovery strategy. Moreover, the biological significance of the discovery of in vivo functional small molecules with different biological contexts is also interrogated at a metabolic perspective.
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40
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Kulkarni M, Mukherjee A. Sequence dependent free energy profiles of localized B- to A-form transition of DNA in water. J Chem Phys 2014; 139:155102. [PMID: 24160545 DOI: 10.1063/1.4825175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA carries an inherent polymorphism, which surfaces under various external conditions. While B-form remains predominant under normal physiological conditions for most of the DNA sequences, low humidity and increased ion concentration cause B- to A-form transition. Certain proteins and molecules also sometimes cause local deformation of the DNA to the specific A-form. Previous experimental and computational studies focused on the overall B- to A-form transition. Here for the first time we investigated thermodynamics and mechanism of B- to A-form transition in water for various DNA sequences at a local dinucleotide base pair level. We introduced a new reaction coordinate Zp', based on the unique order parameter Zp, to drive B- to A-form transition locally and thereby calculate free energy profiles for the same for all the ten different dinucleotide steps embedded in a twelve base pair DNA. Results show that the trend of "A" and "B" philicity observed in experiment is preserved even at this local dinucleotide level, indicating its localized origin. Higher free energy cost obtained here is attributed to the cost of creating B∕A junctions along with formation of B->A transition at dimer level. We find that while water energetically stabilizes A-form for all the ten different dinucleotide steps to various extents, entropy acts against it. Therefore, we find that the stability of B-form DNA in water is entropic in origin. Mechanism of the conversion appears to be triggered by Slide; however, backbone parameters change concertedly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandar Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Maharashtra 411021, India
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41
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Zubatiuk TA, Shishkin OV, Gorb L, Hovorun DM, Leszczynski J. B-DNA characteristics are preserved in double stranded d(A)3·d(T)3 and d(G)3·d(C)3 mini-helixes: conclusions from DFT/M06-2X study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 15:18155-66. [PMID: 24065071 DOI: 10.1039/c3cp51584b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
We report the results of the first comprehensive DFT study on the d(A)3·d(T)3 and d(G)3·d(C)3 nucleic acid duplexes. The ability of mini-helixes to preserve the conformation of B-DNA in the gas phase and under the influence of such factors as: solvent, uncompensated charge, and counter-ions was evaluated using M06-2X functional with 6-31G(d,p) basis set. The accuracy of the models was ascertained based on their ability to reproduce key structural features of natural B-DNA. Analysis of the helicity suggests that the helical conformations adopt geometrical parameters which are close to those of the B-DNA form. The torsion angles fall somewhere between the values observed for BI/BII conformational classes. The comparative analysis of parameters of isolated Watson-Crick base pairs versus B-DNA-like conformations indicates the same tendency of base-pair polarization and hydration. Specifically, effects of polarization of nucleobases in continuum type dielectric medium mimicking water are stronger than those caused by the presence of backbone. Polar environment as well as the presence of counterions stabilizes duplexes, facilitating helix formation. Substantial conformational changes of nucleotides upon duplex formation decrease the binding energy. In spite of structural and energetic changes, the placement of a mini-helix into the gas phase does not lead to significant disruption of the structure. On the contrary, the duplex preserves its helicity and the strands remain bound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetiana A Zubatiuk
- Division of Functional Materials Chemistry, SSI "Institute for Single Crystals" National Academy of Science of Ukraine, 60 Lenina Ave., Kharkiv, 61001, Ukraine
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42
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Nagy G, Oostenbrink C. Dihedral-based segment identification and classification of biopolymers II: polynucleotides. J Chem Inf Model 2014; 54:278-88. [PMID: 24364355 PMCID: PMC3904765 DOI: 10.1021/ci400542n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
![]()
In an accompanying paper (Nagy, G.;
Oostenbrink, C. Dihedral-based
segment identification and classification of biopolymers I: Proteins. J. Chem. Inf. Model. 2013, DOI: 10.1021/ci400541d), we introduce
a new algorithm for structure classification of biopolymeric structures
based on main-chain dihedral angles. The DISICL algorithm (short for
DIhedral-based Segment Identification and CLassification) classifies
segments of structures containing two central residues. Here, we introduce
the DISICL library for polynucleotides, which is based on the dihedral
angles ε, ζ, and χ for the two central residues
of a three-nucleotide segment of a single strand. Seventeen distinct
structural classes are defined for nucleotide structures, some of
which—to our knowledge—were not described previously
in other structure classification algorithms. In particular, DISICL
also classifies noncanonical single-stranded structural elements.
DISICL is applied to databases of DNA and RNA structures containing
80,000 and 180,000 segments, respectively. The classifications according
to DISICL are compared to those of another popular classification
scheme in terms of the amount of classified nucleotides, average occurrence
and length of structural elements, and pairwise matches of the classifications.
While the detailed classification of DISICL adds sensitivity to a
structure analysis, it can be readily reduced to eight simplified
classes providing a more general overview of the secondary structure
in polynucleotides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabor Nagy
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences , Institute for Molecular Modeling and Simulation , Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
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43
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Gerland B, Millard P, Dupouy C, Renard BL, Escudier JM. Stabilization of hairpins and bulged secondary structures of nucleic acids by single incorporation of α,β-D-CNA featuring a gauche(+) alpha torsional angle. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra09639h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
A constrained dinucleotide unit featuring a gauche(+) alpha torsional angle configuration was used to stabilize DNA hairpin or bulged structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Béatrice Gerland
- Laboratoire de Synthèse et Physico-Chimie de Molécules d'Intérêt Biologique
- UMR 5068 CNRS
- Université Paul Sabatier
- 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - Pierre Millard
- Laboratoire de Synthèse et Physico-Chimie de Molécules d'Intérêt Biologique
- UMR 5068 CNRS
- Université Paul Sabatier
- 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - Christelle Dupouy
- Laboratoire de Synthèse et Physico-Chimie de Molécules d'Intérêt Biologique
- UMR 5068 CNRS
- Université Paul Sabatier
- 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - Brice-Loïc Renard
- Laboratoire de Synthèse et Physico-Chimie de Molécules d'Intérêt Biologique
- UMR 5068 CNRS
- Université Paul Sabatier
- 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - Jean-Marc Escudier
- Laboratoire de Synthèse et Physico-Chimie de Molécules d'Intérêt Biologique
- UMR 5068 CNRS
- Université Paul Sabatier
- 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France
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44
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Wei D, Todd AK, Zloh M, Gunaratnam M, Parkinson GN, Neidle S. Crystal structure of a promoter sequence in the B-raf gene reveals an intertwined dimer quadruplex. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:19319-29. [PMID: 24295054 DOI: 10.1021/ja4101358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The sequence d(GGGCGGGGAGGGGGAAGGGA) occurs in the promoter region of the B-raf gene. An X-ray crystallographic study has found that this forms an unprecedented dimeric quadruplex arrangement, with a core of seven consecutive G-quartets and an uninterrupted run of six potassium ions in the central channel of the quadruplex. Analogy with previously reported promoter quadruplexes had initially suggested that in common with these a monomeric quadruplex was to be expected. The structure has a distorted G·C·G·C base quartet at one end and four flipped-out adenosine nucleosides at the other. The only loops in the structure are formed by the cytosine and by the three adenosines within the sequence, with all of the guanosines participating in G-quartet formation. Solution UV and circular dichroism data are in accord with a stable quadruple arrangement being formed. 1D NMR data, together with gel electrophoresis measurements, are consistent with a dimer being the dominant species in potassium solution. A single-chain intramolecular quadruplex has been straightforwardly constructed using molecular modeling, by means of a six-nucleotide sequence joining 3' and 5' ends of each strand in the dimer. A human genomic database search has revealed a number of sequences containing eight or more consecutive short G-tracts, suggesting that such intramolecular quadruplexes could be formed within the human genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengguo Wei
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London , London WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
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45
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Galindo-Murillo R, Bergonzo C, Cheatham TE. Molecular modeling of nucleic acid structure. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 54:7.5.1-7.5.13. [PMID: 24510799 DOI: 10.1002/0471142700.nc0705s54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This unit is the first in a series of four units covering the analysis of nucleic acid structure by molecular modeling. The unit provides an overview of the computer simulation of nucleic acids. Topics include the static structure model, computational graphics and energy models, the generation of an initial model, and characterization of the overall three-dimensional structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Galindo-Murillo
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Christina Bergonzo
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Thomas E Cheatham
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
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46
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Biver T. Stabilisation of non-canonical structures of nucleic acids by metal ions and small molecules. Coord Chem Rev 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2013.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Zhitnikova MY, Boryskina OP, Shestopalova AV. Sequence-specific transitions of the torsion angle gamma change the polar-hydrophobic profile of the DNA grooves: implication for indirect protein-DNA recognition. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2013; 32:1670-85. [PMID: 23998351 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2013.830579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Variations of the shape and polarity of the DNA grooves caused by changes of the DNA conformation play an important role in the DNA readout. Despite the fact that non-canonical trans and gauche- conformations of the DNA backbone angle γ (O5'-C5'-C4'-C3') are frequently found in the DNA crystal structures, their possible role in the DNA recognition has not been studied systematically. In order to fill in this gap, we analyze the available high-resolution crystal structures of the naked and complexed DNA. The analysis shows that the non-canonical γ angle conformations are present both in the naked and bound DNA, more often in the bound vs. naked DNA, and in the nucleotides with the A-like vs. the B-like sugar pucker. The alternative angle γ torsions are more frequently observed in the purines with the A-like sugar pucker and in the pyrimidines with the B-like sugar conformation. The minor groove of the nucleotides with non-canonical γ angle conformation is more polar, while the major groove is more hydrophobic than in the nucleotides with the classical γ torsions due to variations in exposure of the polar and hydrophobic groups of the DNA backbone. The propensity of the nucleotides with different γ angle conformations to participate in the protein-nucleic acid contacts in the minor and major grooves is connected with their sugar pucker and sequence-specific. Our findings imply that the angle γ transitions contribute to the process of the protein-DNA recognition due to modification of the polar/hydrophobic profile of the DNA grooves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariia Yu Zhitnikova
- a O. Ya. Usikov Institute for Radiophysics and Electronics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine , Acad. Proskura Street, 12, Kharkiv , 61085 , Ukraine
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Barone G, Fonseca Guerra C, Bickelhaupt FM. B-DNA Structure and Stability as Function of Nucleic Acid Composition: Dispersion-Corrected DFT Study of Dinucleoside Monophosphate Single and Double Strands. ChemistryOpen 2013; 2:186-93. [PMID: 24551565 PMCID: PMC3892189 DOI: 10.1002/open.201300019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We have computationally investigated the structure and stability of all 16 combinations of two out of the four natural DNA bases A, T, G and C in a di-2′-deoxyribonucleoside-monophosphate model DNA strand as well as in 10 double-strand model complexes thereof, using dispersion-corrected density functional theory (DFT-D). Optimized geometries with B-DNA conformation were obtained through the inclusion of implicit water solvent and, in the DNA models, of sodium counterions, to neutralize the negative charge of the phosphate groups. The results obtained allowed us to compare the relative stability of isomeric single and double strands. Moreover, the energy of the Watson–Crick pairing of complementary single strands to form double-helical structures was calculated. The latter furnished the following increasing stability trend of the double-helix formation energy: d(TpA)2 <d(CpA)2 <d(ApT)2 <d(ApA)2 <d(GpT)2 <d(GpA)2 <d(ApG)2 <d(CpG)2 <d(GpG)2 <d(GpC)2, where the energy differences between the last four dimers, d(ApG)2, d(CpG)2, d(GpG)2 and d(GpC)2, is within 4.0 kcal mol−1, and the energy between the most and the least stable isomers is 13.4 kcal mol−1. This trend shows that the formation energy essentially increases with the number of hydrogen bonds per base pair, that is two between A and T and three between G and C. Superimposed on this main trend are more subtle effects that depend on the order in which bases occur within a strand from the 5’- to the 3’-end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giampaolo Barone
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 17, 90128, Palermo (Italy) E-mail:
| | - Célia Fonseca Guerra
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry and Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling, VU University De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam (The Netherlands) E-mail:
| | - F Matthias Bickelhaupt
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry and Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling, VU University De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam (The Netherlands) E-mail: ; Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen (The Netherlands)
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Mukherjee S, Bhattacharyya D. Influence of divalent magnesium ion on DNA: molecular dynamics simulation studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2013; 31:896-912. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2012.713780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Metal complex–DNA binding: Insights from molecular dynamics and DFT/MM calculations. J Inorg Biochem 2013; 124:63-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2013.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2012] [Revised: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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