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An S, Hao A, Xing P. Hypervalent Iodine (III)-Based Complexation for Chiroptical Supramolecular Glass, Deep Eutectic Solvent and Luminescent Switch. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2402314. [PMID: 39014909 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202402314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Hypervalent iodine(III) have widely been utilized for organic synthetic reagents. They are also recognized as positive charge-assisted, exceptionally robust biaxial halogen bond donors, while their potential in supramolecular materials is barely explored. This work reports a cyclic diaryliodonium ion as biaxial halogen bonding donor that displays remarkable binding affinity toward phenanthroline or acridine acceptors with chiral pendants. Biaxial halogen bonding enables chiroptical evolution in solution, allowing for rational control over supramolecular chirality. Leveraging their strong binding affinity, the halogen bonding complexes manifested amorphous properties and deep eutectic behavior in the solid state. Capitalizing on these attributes, this work achieves the successful preparation of supramolecular glasses and deep eutectic solvents. Additionally, halogen bonding appended light irradiation-triggered luminescence through a hydrogen atom transfer process, showing applications in anti-counterfeit and display.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuguo An
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Aiyou Hao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Pengyao Xing
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
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2
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3
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Taschner R, Knaack P, Liska R. Bismuthonium‐ and pyrylium‐based radical induced cationic frontal polymerization of epoxides. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roland Taschner
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry TU Wien Getreidemarkt 9 Vienna Austria
| | - Patrick Knaack
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry TU Wien Getreidemarkt 9 Vienna Austria
| | - Robert Liska
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry TU Wien Getreidemarkt 9 Vienna Austria
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4
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Sathissarat JH, Chu L, Danso R, Rawls HR, Whang K. Development of a difunctional oxirane and multifunctional acrylate interpenetrating polymer network composite system with antimicrobial properties. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lianrui Chu
- Department of Developmental Dentistry the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio San Antonio Texas USA
| | - Robert Danso
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio San Antonio Texas USA
| | - H. Ralph Rawls
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio San Antonio Texas USA
| | - Kyumin Whang
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio San Antonio Texas USA
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5
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6
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Malik MS, Schlögl S, Wolfahrt M, Sangermano M. Review on UV-Induced Cationic Frontal Polymerization of Epoxy Monomers. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12092146. [PMID: 32962306 PMCID: PMC7570253 DOI: 10.3390/polym12092146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV)-induced cationic frontal polymerization has emerged as a novel technique that allows rapid curing of various epoxy monomers upon UV irradiation within a few seconds. In the presence of a diaryliodonium salt photoinitiator together with a thermal radical initiator, the cationic ring opening polymerization of an epoxide monomer is auto-accelerated in the form of a self-propagating front upon UV irradiation. This hot propagating front generates the required enthalpy to sustain curing reaction throughout the resin formulation without further need for UV irradiation. This unique reaction pathway makes the cationic frontal polymerization a promising route towards the efficient curing of epoxy-based thermosetting resins and related composite structures. This review represents a comprehensive overview of the mechanism and progress of UV-induced cationic frontal polymerization of epoxy monomers that have been reported so far in literature. At the same time, this review covers important aspects on the frontal polymerization of various epoxide monomers involving the chemistry of the initiators, the effect of appropriate sensitizers, diluents and fillers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Salman Malik
- Polymer Competence Center Leoben GmbH, Rossegerstrasse 12, 8700 Leoben, Austria; (M.S.M.); (S.S.); (M.W.)
| | - Sandra Schlögl
- Polymer Competence Center Leoben GmbH, Rossegerstrasse 12, 8700 Leoben, Austria; (M.S.M.); (S.S.); (M.W.)
| | - Markus Wolfahrt
- Polymer Competence Center Leoben GmbH, Rossegerstrasse 12, 8700 Leoben, Austria; (M.S.M.); (S.S.); (M.W.)
| | - Marco Sangermano
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, I-10129 Torino, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Klikovits N, Sinawehl L, Knaack P, Koch T, Stampfl J, Gorsche C, Liska R. UV-Induced Cationic Ring-Opening Polymerization of 2-Oxazolines for Hot Lithography. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:546-551. [PMID: 35648510 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The cationic ring-opening polymerization (CROP) of 2-oxazolines gives polymers with unique characteristics arising from its polyamide backbones and structural versatility. Up to now, poly(2-oxazoline)s were obtained by classical thermal polymerization methods not aiming for application in bulk curing of structural polymers. We introduce the cationic photopolymerization of 2-oxazolines at elevated temperatures for the direct UV-induced curing of materials with exclusive chemical and structural particularities. After efficient photoinitiation via onium salt photoacid generators (PAGs), the immanent low-rate propagation is crucially promoted by thermal energy input to the ring-opening reaction. In simultaneous thermal analysis (STA), photo-DSC, and (thermo)mechanical analyses we investigated the UV-induced CROP of 2-oxazolines in a temperature range of 100-140 °C and show the exceptional potential of the introduced photopolymers. Furthermore, we applied the photopolymerizable system in Hot Lithography, a stereolithography-based 3D printing technology at elevated temperatures.
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Kuznetsova NA, Malkov GV, Gribov BG. Photoacid generators. Application and current state of development. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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9
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Strehmel B, Schmitz C, Cremanns K, Göttert J. Photochemistry with Cyanines in the Near Infrared: A Step to Chemistry 4.0 Technologies. Chemistry 2019; 25:12855-12864. [PMID: 31270883 PMCID: PMC6851862 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201901746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Cyanines covering the absorption in the near infrared (NIR) are attractive for distinct applications. They can interact either with lasers exhibiting line-shaped focus emitting at both 808 and 980 nm or bright high intensity NIR-LEDs with 805 nm emission, respectively. This is drawing attention to Industry 4.0 applications. The major deactivation occurs through a non-radiative process resulting in the release of heat into the surrounding, although a small fraction of radiative deactivation also takes place. Most of these NIR-sensitive systems possess an internal activation barrier to react in a photonic process with initiators resulting in the generation of reactive radicals and acidic cations. Thus, the heat released by the NIR absorber helps to bring the system, consisting of an NIR sensitizer and initiator, above such internal barriers. Molecular design strategies making these systems more compatible with distinct applications in a certain oleophilic surrounding are considered as a big challenge. This includes variations of the molecular pattern and counter ions derived from super acids exhibiting low coordinating properties. Further discussion focusses on the use of such systems in Chemistry 4.0 related applications. Intelligent software tools help to improve and optimize these systems combining chemistry, engineering based on high-throughput formulation screening (HTFS) technologies, and machine learning algorithms to open up novel solutions in material sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Strehmel
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Coatings and Surface ChemistryNiederrhein University of Applied SciencesAdlerstr. 147798KrefeldGermany
| | - Christian Schmitz
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Coatings and Surface ChemistryNiederrhein University of Applied SciencesAdlerstr. 147798KrefeldGermany
| | - Kevin Cremanns
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringInstitute of Modelling and High-Performance ComputingNiederrhein University of Applied SciencesReinarzstr. 4947805KrefeldGermany
| | - Jost Göttert
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer SciencesHIT-Hochschule Niederrhein Institute of Surface TechnologyNiederrhein University of Applied SciencesReinarzstr. 4947805KrefeldGermany
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10
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Riddlestone IM, Kraft A, Schaefer J, Krossing I. Die Schöne (WCA) und das (kationische) Biest: Neues aus der Chemie von und mit schwach koordinierenden Anionen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201710782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ian M. Riddlestone
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF); Universität Freiburg; Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg Deutschland
| | - Anne Kraft
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF); Universität Freiburg; Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg Deutschland
| | - Julia Schaefer
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF); Universität Freiburg; Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg Deutschland
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF); Universität Freiburg; Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg Deutschland
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11
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Riddlestone IM, Kraft A, Schaefer J, Krossing I. Taming the Cationic Beast: Novel Developments in the Synthesis and Application of Weakly Coordinating Anions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:13982-14024. [PMID: 29266644 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201710782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This Review gives a comprehensive overview of the most topical weakly coordinating anions (WCAs) and contains information on WCA design, stability, and applications. As an update to the 2004 review, developments in common classes of WCA are included. Methods for the incorporation of WCAs into a given system are discussed and advice given on how to best choose a method for the introduction of a particular WCA. A series of starting materials for a large number of WCA precursors and references are tabulated as a useful resource when looking for procedures to prepare WCAs. Furthermore, a collection of scales that allow the performance of a WCA, or its underlying Lewis acid, to be judged is collated with some advice on how to use them. The examples chosen to illustrate WCA developments are taken from a broad selection of topics where WCAs play a role. In addition a section focusing on transition metal and catalysis applications as well as supporting electrolytes is also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian M Riddlestone
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anne Kraft
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Julia Schaefer
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
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12
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Klikovits N, Knaack P, Bomze D, Krossing I, Liska R. Novel photoacid generators for cationic photopolymerization. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py00855d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel cationic photoinitiators based on the non-nucleophilic [Al(OC(CF3)3)4]− anion were prepared and their high efficiency was presented in comparison to benchmark systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daniel Bomze
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry
- Vienna
- Austria
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry
- University Freiburg
- Freiburg
- Germany
| | - Robert Liska
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry
- Vienna
- Austria
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13
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Zivic N, Bouzrati-Zerelli M, Kermagoret A, Dumur F, Fouassier JP, Gigmes D, Lalevée J. Photocatalysts in Polymerization Reactions. ChemCatChem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201501389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Zivic
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS; Institut de Chimie Radicalaire ICR, UMR 7273; F-13397 Marseille France
| | - Mariem Bouzrati-Zerelli
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2 M; UMR CNRS 7361, UHA; 15, rue Jean Starcky 68057 Mulhouse Cedex France
| | - Anthony Kermagoret
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS; Institut de Chimie Radicalaire ICR, UMR 7273; F-13397 Marseille France
| | - Frédéric Dumur
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS; Institut de Chimie Radicalaire ICR, UMR 7273; F-13397 Marseille France
| | - Jean-Pierre Fouassier
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2 M; UMR CNRS 7361, UHA; 15, rue Jean Starcky 68057 Mulhouse Cedex France
- ENSCMu-UHA; 3 rue Alfred Werner 68057 Mulhouse France
| | - Didier Gigmes
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS; Institut de Chimie Radicalaire ICR, UMR 7273; F-13397 Marseille France
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2 M; UMR CNRS 7361, UHA; 15, rue Jean Starcky 68057 Mulhouse Cedex France
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Strehmel B, Schmitz C, Bromme T, Halbhuber A, Oprych D, Gutmann JS. Advances of Near Infrared Sensitized Radical and Cationic Photopolymerization: from Graphic Industry to Traditional Coatings. J PHOTOPOLYM SCI TEC 2016. [DOI: 10.2494/photopolymer.29.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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15
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Mokbel H, Toufaily J, Hamieh T, Dumur F, Campolo D, Gigmes D, Pierre Fouassier J, Ortyl J, Lalevée J. Specific cationic photoinitiators for near UV and visible LEDs: Iodonium versus ferrocenium structures. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.42759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haifaa Mokbel
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M; UMR CNRS 7361, UHA, rue Jean Starcky 68057 Mulhouse Cedex France
- Laboratoire de Matériaux, Catalyse, Environnement et Méthodes analytiques (MCEMA-CHAMSI), EDST, Université Libanaise, Campus Hariri; Hadath, Beyrouth Liban
| | - Joumana Toufaily
- Laboratoire de Matériaux, Catalyse, Environnement et Méthodes analytiques (MCEMA-CHAMSI), EDST, Université Libanaise, Campus Hariri; Hadath, Beyrouth Liban
| | - Tayssir Hamieh
- Laboratoire de Matériaux, Catalyse, Environnement et Méthodes analytiques (MCEMA-CHAMSI), EDST, Université Libanaise, Campus Hariri; Hadath, Beyrouth Liban
| | - Frederic Dumur
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire ICR; UMR 7273 F-13397 Marseille France
| | - Damien Campolo
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire ICR; UMR 7273 F-13397 Marseille France
| | - Didier Gigmes
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire ICR; UMR 7273 F-13397 Marseille France
| | | | - Joanna Ortyl
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Cracow University of Technology; Warszawska 24 Cracow 31-155 Poland, and Photo HiTech Ltd. bobrzynskiego 14, Cracow 30-348, Poland
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M; UMR CNRS 7361, UHA, rue Jean Starcky 68057 Mulhouse Cedex France
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16
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Lalevée J, Mokbel H, Fouassier JP. Recent Developments of Versatile Photoinitiating Systems for Cationic Ring Opening Polymerization Operating at Any Wavelengths and under Low Light Intensity Sources. Molecules 2015; 20:7201-21. [PMID: 25903368 PMCID: PMC6272644 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20047201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Photoinitiators (PI) or photoinitiating systems (PIS) usable in light induced cationic polymerization (CP) and free radical promoted cationic polymerization (FRPCP) reactions (more specifically for cationic ring opening polymerization (ROP)) together with the involved mechanisms are briefly reviewed. The recent developments of novel two- and three-component PISs for CP and FRPCP upon exposure to low intensity blue to red lights is emphasized in details. Examples of such reactions under various experimental conditions are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacques Lalevée
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, UMR CNRS 7361, UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky, 68057 Mulhouse Cedex, France.
| | - Haifaa Mokbel
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, UMR CNRS 7361, UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky, 68057 Mulhouse Cedex, France.
| | - Jean-Pierre Fouassier
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, UMR CNRS 7361, UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky, 68057 Mulhouse Cedex, France.
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17
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Mokbel H, Xiao P, Simonnet-Jégat C, Dumur F, Gigmes D, Toufaily J, Hamieh T, Fouassier JP, Lalevée J. Iodonium-polyoxometalate and thianthrenium-polyoxometalate as new one-component UV photoinitiators for radical and cationic polymerization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.27526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haifaa Mokbel
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M; UMR CNRS 7361, UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky 68057 Mulhouse Cedex France
- Laboratoire de Matériaux, Catalyse, Environnement et Méthodes Analytiques (MCEMA-CHAMSI); EDST; Université Libanaise; Campus Hariri, Hadath Beyrouth Liban
| | - Pu Xiao
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M; UMR CNRS 7361, UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky 68057 Mulhouse Cedex France
| | - Corine Simonnet-Jégat
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles; UMR CNRS 8180; Université de Versailles-St-Quentin; 45, Avenue des Etats-Unis 78035 Versailles France
| | - Frederic Dumur
- Aix-Marseille Université; CNRS; Institut de Chimie Radicalaire; UMR 7273 F-13397 Marseille France
| | - Didier Gigmes
- Aix-Marseille Université; CNRS; Institut de Chimie Radicalaire; UMR 7273 F-13397 Marseille France
| | - Joumana Toufaily
- Laboratoire de Matériaux, Catalyse, Environnement et Méthodes Analytiques (MCEMA-CHAMSI); EDST; Université Libanaise; Campus Hariri, Hadath Beyrouth Liban
| | - Tayssir Hamieh
- Laboratoire de Matériaux, Catalyse, Environnement et Méthodes Analytiques (MCEMA-CHAMSI); EDST; Université Libanaise; Campus Hariri, Hadath Beyrouth Liban
| | | | - Jacques Lalevée
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M; UMR CNRS 7361, UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky 68057 Mulhouse Cedex France
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Telitel S, Ouhib F, Fouassier JP, Jerome C, Detrembleur C, Lalevée J. Thiophene Derivatives with Donor-π-Acceptor Structures for Enhanced Light-Absorption Properties and Efficient Cationic Polymerization upon Green-Light Irradiation. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201400148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Telitel
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M - LRC CNRS 7228 - ENSC Mu-UHA; 15, Rue Jean Starcky 68057 Mulhouse Cedex France
| | - Farid Ouhib
- Chemistry Department; University of Liege (ULg), Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM); Sart-Tilman B6A 4000 Liège Belgium
| | | | - Christine Jerome
- Chemistry Department; University of Liege (ULg), Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM); Sart-Tilman B6A 4000 Liège Belgium
| | - Christophe Detrembleur
- Chemistry Department; University of Liege (ULg), Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM); Sart-Tilman B6A 4000 Liège Belgium
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M - LRC CNRS 7228 - ENSC Mu-UHA; 15, Rue Jean Starcky 68057 Mulhouse Cedex France
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Xiao P, Dumur F, Zhang J, Fouassier JP, Gigmes D, Lalevée J. Copper Complexes in Radical Photoinitiating Systems: Applications to Free Radical and Cationic Polymerization upon Visible LEDs. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma5006793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pu Xiao
- Institut
de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, UMR CNRS 7361, ENSCMu-UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky, 68057 Mulhouse, Cedex, France
| | - Frederic Dumur
- , Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, ICR UMR7273, 13397 Marseille, Cedex 20, France
| | - Jing Zhang
- Institut
de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, UMR CNRS 7361, ENSCMu-UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky, 68057 Mulhouse, Cedex, France
| | | | - Didier Gigmes
- , Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, ICR UMR7273, 13397 Marseille, Cedex 20, France
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- Institut
de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, UMR CNRS 7361, ENSCMu-UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky, 68057 Mulhouse, Cedex, France
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20
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Telitel S, Dumur F, Kavalli T, Graff B, Morlet-Savary F, Gigmes D, Fouassier JP, Lalevée J. The 1,3-bis(dicyanomethylidene)indane skeleton as a (photo) initiator in thermal ring opening polymerization at RT and radical or cationic photopolymerization. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra42819b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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21
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Tehfe MA, Dumur F, Contal E, Graff B, Gigmes D, Fouassier JP, Lalevée J. Novel Highly Efficient Organophotocatalysts: Truxene-Acridine-1,8-diones as Photoinitiators of Polymerization. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201300362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad-Ali Tehfe
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse; IS2M - UMR 7361 - UHA; 15, Rue Jean Starcky 68057 Mulhouse Cedex France
| | - Frédéric Dumur
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS; Institut de Chimie Radicalaire; UMR 7273 F-13397 Marseille France
| | - Emmanuel Contal
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS; Institut de Chimie Radicalaire; UMR 7273 F-13397 Marseille France
| | - Bernadette Graff
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse; IS2M - UMR 7361 - UHA; 15, Rue Jean Starcky 68057 Mulhouse Cedex France
| | - Didier Gigmes
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS; Institut de Chimie Radicalaire; UMR 7273 F-13397 Marseille France
| | | | - Jacques Lalevée
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse; IS2M - UMR 7361 - UHA; 15, Rue Jean Starcky 68057 Mulhouse Cedex France
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Xiao P, Dumur F, Graff B, Gigmes D, Fouassier JP, Lalevée J. Red-light-induced cationic photopolymerization: perylene derivatives as efficient photoinitiators. Macromol Rapid Commun 2013; 34:1452-8. [PMID: 23922314 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201300383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Revised: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Nine different perylene derivatives are prepared and their ability to initiate, when combined with an iodonium salt (and optionally N-vinylcarbazole), a ring-opening cationic photopolymerization of epoxides under very soft halogen lamp irradiation is investigated. One of them is particularly efficient under a red laser diode exposure at 635 nm and belongs now to the very few systems available at this wavelength. The photochemical mechanisms are studied by steady-state photolysis, electron spin resonance spin trapping, fluorescence, cyclic voltammetry, and laser flash photolysis techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Xiao
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, CNRS, UMR 7361, UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky, Mulhouse Cedex, 68057, France
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Telitel S, Dumur F, Faury T, Graff B, Tehfe MA, Gigmes D, Fouassier JP, Lalevée J. New core-pyrene π structure organophotocatalysts usable as highly efficient photoinitiators. Beilstein J Org Chem 2013; 9:877-90. [PMID: 23766803 PMCID: PMC3678508 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.9.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2013] [Accepted: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Eleven di- and trifunctional compounds based on a core-pyrene π structure (Co_Py) were synthesized and investigated for the formation of free radicals. The application of two- and three-component photoinitiating systems (different Co_Pys with the addition of iodonium or sulfonium salts, alkyl halide or amine) was investigated in detail for cationic and radical photopolymerization reactions under near-UV-vis light. The proposed compounds can behave as new photocatalysts. Successful results in terms of rates of polymerization and final conversions were obtained. The strong MO coupling between the six different cores and the pyrene moiety was studied by DFT calculations. The different chemical intermediates are characterized by ESR and laser flash photolysis experiments. The mechanisms involved in the initiation step are discussed, and relationships between the core structure, the Co_Py absorption property, and the polymerization ability are tentatively proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Telitel
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M – UMR 7361 – UHA; 15, rue Jean Starcky, F-68057 Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | - Frédéric Dumur
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire, UMR 7273, F-13397 Marseille, France
| | - Thomas Faury
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire, UMR 7273, F-13397 Marseille, France
| | - Bernadette Graff
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M – UMR 7361 – UHA; 15, rue Jean Starcky, F-68057 Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | - Mohamad-Ali Tehfe
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M – UMR 7361 – UHA; 15, rue Jean Starcky, F-68057 Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | - Didier Gigmes
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire, UMR 7273, F-13397 Marseille, France
| | | | - Jacques Lalevée
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M – UMR 7361 – UHA; 15, rue Jean Starcky, F-68057 Mulhouse Cedex, France
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Telitel S, Dumur F, Gigmes D, Graff B, Fouassier J, Lalevée J. New functionalized aromatic ketones as photoinitiating systems for near visible and visible light induced polymerizations. POLYMER 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2013.03.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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25
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Telitel S, Blanchard N, Schweizer S, Morlet-Savary F, Graff B, Fouassier JP, Lalevée J. BODIPY derivatives and boranil as new photoinitiating systems of cationic polymerization exhibiting a tunable absorption in the 400–600 nm spectral range. POLYMER 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2013.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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26
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Tehfe MA, Dumur F, Graff B, Gigmes D, Fouassier JP, Lalevée J. Green-Light-Induced Cationic Ring Opening Polymerization Reactions: Perylene-3,4:9,10-bis
(Dicarboximide) as Efficient Photosensitizers. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201200728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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27
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Tehfe MA, Dumur F, Graff B, Clément JL, Gigmes D, Morlet-Savary F, Fouassier JP, Lalevée J. New Cleavable Photoinitiator Architecture with Huge Molar Extinction Coefficients for Polymerization in the 340–450 nm Range. Macromolecules 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ma3024359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad-Ali Tehfe
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, LRC CNRS 7228, UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky, 68057 Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | - Frédéric Dumur
- CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire, Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7273, F-13397
Marseille, France
| | - Bernadette Graff
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, LRC CNRS 7228, UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky, 68057 Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | - Jean-Louis Clément
- CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire, Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7273, F-13397
Marseille, France
| | - Didier Gigmes
- CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire, Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7273, F-13397
Marseille, France
| | - Fabrice Morlet-Savary
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, LRC CNRS 7228, UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky, 68057 Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | | | - Jacques Lalevée
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, LRC CNRS 7228, UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky, 68057 Mulhouse Cedex, France
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Tehfe MA, Dumur F, Contal E, Graff B, Morlet-Savary F, Gigmes D, Fouassier JP, Lalevée J. New insights into radical and cationic polymerizations upon visible light exposure: role of novel photoinitiator systems based on the pyrene chromophore. Polym Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2py20950k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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29
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Tehfe MA, Dumur F, Xiao P, Graff B, Morlet-Savary F, Fouassier JP, Gigmes D, Lalevée J. New chromone based photoinitiators for polymerization reactions under visible light. Polym Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py00536d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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30
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Tehfe MA, Dumur F, Graff B, Morlet-Savary F, Gigmes D, Fouassier JP, Lalevée J. Design of new Type I and Type II photoinitiators possessing highly coupled pyrene–ketone moieties. Polym Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py21079k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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31
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Tehfe MA, Dumur F, Graff B, Morlet-Savary F, Fouassier JP, Gigmes D, Lalevée J. Trifunctional Photoinitiators Based on a Triazine Skeleton for Visible Light Source and UV LED Induced Polymerizations. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma301931p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad-Ali Tehfe
- Institut de Science des Matériaux
de Mulhouse IS2M, LRC CNRS 7228, ENSCMu-UHA, 15 rue Jean Starcky, 68057 Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | - Frédéric Dumur
- Aix-Marseille Université,
CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire, UMR 7273, F-13397 Marseille, France
| | - Bernadette Graff
- Institut de Science des Matériaux
de Mulhouse IS2M, LRC CNRS 7228, ENSCMu-UHA, 15 rue Jean Starcky, 68057 Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | - Fabrice Morlet-Savary
- Institut de Science des Matériaux
de Mulhouse IS2M, LRC CNRS 7228, ENSCMu-UHA, 15 rue Jean Starcky, 68057 Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | | | - Didier Gigmes
- Aix-Marseille Université,
CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire, UMR 7273, F-13397 Marseille, France
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- Institut de Science des Matériaux
de Mulhouse IS2M, LRC CNRS 7228, ENSCMu-UHA, 15 rue Jean Starcky, 68057 Mulhouse Cedex, France
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32
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Telitel S, Lalevée J, Blanchard N, Kavalli T, Tehfe MA, Schweizer S, Morlet-Savary F, Graff B, Fouassier JP. Photopolymerization of Cationic Monomers and Acrylate/Divinylether Blends under Visible Light Using Pyrromethene Dyes. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma301293m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Telitel
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (LRC CNRS 7228), ENSCMu-UHA
15 rue Jean Starcky, 68057 Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (LRC CNRS 7228), ENSCMu-UHA
15 rue Jean Starcky, 68057 Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | - Nicolas Blanchard
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (LRC CNRS 7228), Chimie
Organique et Bioorganique, ENSCMu-UHA, 3 rue Alfred Werner, 68093
Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | - Tuba Kavalli
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (LRC CNRS 7228), ENSCMu-UHA
15 rue Jean Starcky, 68057 Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | - Mohamad-Ali Tehfe
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (LRC CNRS 7228), ENSCMu-UHA
15 rue Jean Starcky, 68057 Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | - Stéphane Schweizer
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (LRC CNRS 7228), Chimie
Organique et Bioorganique, ENSCMu-UHA, 3 rue Alfred Werner, 68093
Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | - Fabrice Morlet-Savary
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (LRC CNRS 7228), ENSCMu-UHA
15 rue Jean Starcky, 68057 Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | - Bernadette Graff
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (LRC CNRS 7228), ENSCMu-UHA
15 rue Jean Starcky, 68057 Mulhouse Cedex, France
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33
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Kostanski LK, Kim YM, Macgregor JF, Hamielec AE. Cationic polymerization using mixed cationic photoinitiator systems. Des Monomers Polym 2012. [DOI: 10.1163/156855507781505110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L. Kris Kostanski
- a Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Young-Min Kim
- b Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - John F. Macgregor
- c Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Archie E. Hamielec
- d Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada
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34
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Braunschweig H, Dörfler R, Mies J, Oechsner A. Sterically Demanding Hetero-Substituted [2]Borametallocenophanes of Group IV Metals: Synthesis, Structure and Reactivity. Chemistry 2011; 17:12101-7. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201101774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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35
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Tehfe MA, Lalevée J, Allonas X, Fouassier JP. Long Wavelength Cationic Photopolymerization in Aerated Media: A Remarkable Titanocene/Tris(trimethylsilyl)silane/Onium Salt Photoinitiating System. Macromolecules 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/ma9016696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. A. Tehfe
- Department of Photochemistry, CNRS, University of Haute Alsace, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Mulhouse, 3 rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | - J. Lalevée
- Department of Photochemistry, CNRS, University of Haute Alsace, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Mulhouse, 3 rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | - X. Allonas
- Department of Photochemistry, CNRS, University of Haute Alsace, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Mulhouse, 3 rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | - J. P. Fouassier
- Department of Photochemistry, CNRS, University of Haute Alsace, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Mulhouse, 3 rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse Cedex, France
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36
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Biphenyl Bis [(π-cyclopentadienyl) iron] Dication as an Efficient Cationic Photoinitiator for Epoxy Polymerization. Chin J Chem Eng 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1004-9541(08)60162-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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37
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Li Y, Voon L, Yeong H, Hijazi A, Radhakrishnan N, Köhler K, Voit B, Nuyken O, Kühn F. Solvent-Ligated Copper(II) Complexes for the Homopolymerization of 2-Methylpropene. Chemistry 2008; 14:7997-8003. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200701928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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38
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Silanol-Based Pincer Pt(II) Complexes: Synthesis, Structure, and Unusual Reactivity. Inorg Chem 2008; 47:7177-89. [DOI: 10.1021/ic800457u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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39
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Cho YH, Suzuki G, Kawakami Y. Formation of Stable Holographic Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal Grating with High Diffraction Efficiency Assisted by in situ Hydrolysis-Condensation of Trialkoxysilylalkyl Group of Methacrylate Component. Polym J 2007. [DOI: 10.1295/polymj.pj2007086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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40
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Hijazi AK, Yeong HY, Zhang Y, Herdtweck E, Nuyken O, Kühn FE. Isobutene Polymerization Using [CuII(NCMe)6]2+ with Non-Coordinating Anions as Catalysts. Macromol Rapid Commun 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.200600139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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41
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42
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WANG T, WAN P, MA L. Synthesis and Characterization of Alkoxy and Phenoxy-substituted Ferrocenium Salt Cationic Photoinitiators. Chin J Chem Eng 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1004-9541(07)60016-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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43
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Krossing I, Reisinger A. Chemistry with weakly-coordinating fluorinated alkoxyaluminate anions: Gas phase cations in condensed phases? Coord Chem Rev 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2005.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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44
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Park CH, Takahara S, Yamaoka T. The participation of the anion and alkyl substituent of diaryliodonium salts in photo-initiated cationic polymerization reactions. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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45
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Hewavitharanage P, Danilov EO, Neckers DC. Pentafluorophenyl Transfer: A New Group-Transfer Reaction in Organoborate Salts. J Org Chem 2005; 70:10653-9. [PMID: 16355982 DOI: 10.1021/jo050695s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] Irradiation of isoquinolinium hydroxytris(pentafluorophenyl)borate, 1, and phenanthridium hydroxytris(pentafluorophenyl)borate, 2, in either CH2Cl2 or CH3CN resulted in C6F5 transfer to the isoquinolinium and phenanthridium cations, generating 2-methyl-1-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl)-1,2-dihydroisoquinoline, 3, and 2-methyl-1-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl)-1,2-dihydrophenanthridine, 4, respectively. In addition, photogeneration of H2O x B(C6F5)3 resulted from 1. Photogeneration of C6F5-C6F4H from HO-B(C6F5)3(-) and of C6H5-C6F4H from C6H5-B(C6F5)3(-) was discovered.
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46
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Zhang Y, Sun W, Santos AM, K�hn FE. Synthesis, characterization, and catalytic application of copper(I) nitrile cations with perfluorinated weakly coordinating anions. Catal Letters 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-004-3746-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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47
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Zhang Y, Santos AM, Herdtweck E, Mink J, Kühn FE. Organonitrile ligated silver complexes with perfluorinated weakly coordinating anions and their catalytic application for coupling reactions. NEW J CHEM 2005. [DOI: 10.1039/b414060e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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48
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49
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Vierle M, Zhang Y, Santos AM, Köhler K, Haessner C, Herdtweck E, Bohnenpoll M, Nuyken O, Kühn FE. Solvent-Ligated Manganese(II) Complexes for the Homopolymerization of Isobutene and the Copolymerization of Isobutene and Isoprene. Chemistry 2004; 10:6323-32. [PMID: 15526318 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200400446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Polyisobutenes with a high content of terminal olefinic groups can be synthesized by using manganese(II) initiators in homogeneous solution. These easily accessible complexes initiate the polymerization at room temperature and above, and afford highly reactive, gel-free polyisobutenes with high viscosities. Furthermore, the initiators were successfully used for the copolymerization of isobutene with isoprene. The high activities of the Mn(II) initiators seem to be related to their weakly coordinating nitrile ligands, which are easily displaced by substrate molecules. Replacing the nitrile ligands by other more strongly coordinating ligands such as water reduces the initiator activity significantly. The Mn(II) initiators are surprisingly resistant to temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Vierle
- Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Stoffe, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
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