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Munisso MC, Yamaoka T. Peptide with endothelial cell affinity and antiplatelet adhesion property to improve hemocompatibility of blood‐contacting biomaterials. Pept Sci (Hoboken) 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pep2.24114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Chiara Munisso
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringNational Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute Suita Osaka Japan
| | - Tetsuji Yamaoka
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringNational Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute Suita Osaka Japan
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2
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Munisso MC, Mahara A, Yamaoka T. Design of in situ porcine closed-circuit system for assessing blood-contacting biomaterials. J Artif Organs 2018; 21:317-324. [DOI: 10.1007/s10047-018-1042-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Bourget JM, Zegdi R, Lin J, Wawryko P, Merhi Y, Convelbo C, Mao J, Fu Y, Xu T, Merkel NO, Wang L, Germain L, Zhang Z, Guidoin R. Correlation between structural changes and acute thrombogenicity in transcatheter pericardium valves after crimping and balloon deployment. Morphologie 2017; 101:19-32. [PMID: 27423215 DOI: 10.1016/j.morpho.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Transcathether heart valve replacement has gained considerable acceptance during the last decades. It is now part of the armamentarium for aortic valve replacement. The procedure proved to be highly efficient. However the issues of the blood compatibility and tissue durability were not raised and the adverse events were probably under-reported, according to observations of thrombosis after deployment. MATERIAL AND METHOD Bovine pericardium leaflets were sewn inside a 26mm diameter stainless steel stent to manufacture these valves (one control and two experimental). The correlation between the trauma and the acute thombogenicity of bovine pericardium leaflets, after crimping and ballooning, was investigated via an in vitro blood flow with labeled platelets. These leaflets were processed for histology: scanning electron microscopy, light microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS The control specimens showed a regular pericardium structure with some blood cells deposited on the collagen fibrous surface (inflow) and scarce blood cells deposited on the serous surface (outflow). After crimping and ballooning, the structure of the pericardium was severely injured, eventually with delaminations and ruptures. The blood cell uptake was considerably increased compared to the control. CONCLUSION It would therefore be appropriate to pay more attention to the design of the valves. Specifically, the incorporation of a buffer tissue or fabric between the pericardium and the metallic stent is suggested. The issue of ballooning deserves detailed and in depth investigation regarding the lifetime of the device.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-M Bourget
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Vandry Building, Laval University, Axe médecine régénératrice, centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - R Zegdi
- Inserm, U97O, université René-Descartes, service de chirurgie cardiovasculaire, hôpital européen Georges-Pompidou, 75015 Paris, France
| | - J Lin
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science and Technology of Ministry of Education and College of Textile, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - P Wawryko
- Department of Pathology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Y Merhi
- Laboratoire de thrombose et hémostase, centre de recherche, institut de cardiologie, université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - C Convelbo
- Inserm, U97O, université René-Descartes, service de chirurgie cardiovasculaire, hôpital européen Georges-Pompidou, 75015 Paris, France
| | - J Mao
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Vandry Building, Laval University, Axe médecine régénératrice, centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Y Fu
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science and Technology of Ministry of Education and College of Textile, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - T Xu
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Vandry Building, Laval University, Axe médecine régénératrice, centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - N O Merkel
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Vandry Building, Laval University, Axe médecine régénératrice, centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - L Wang
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science and Technology of Ministry of Education and College of Textile, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - L Germain
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Vandry Building, Laval University, Axe médecine régénératrice, centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Z Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Vandry Building, Laval University, Axe médecine régénératrice, centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - R Guidoin
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Vandry Building, Laval University, Axe médecine régénératrice, centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Québec, Canada.
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Munisso MC, Yamaoka T. Novel peptides for small-caliber graft functionalization selected by a phage display of endothelial-positive/platelet-negative combined selection. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:9354-9364. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb02652h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A new protocol to identify peptides with EPCs high affinity and at the same time the ability to suppress the interaction with platelets was presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Chiara Munisso
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute
- Suita
- Japan
| | - Tetsuji Yamaoka
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute
- Suita
- Japan
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5
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Bastijanic JM, Kligman FL, Marchant RE, Kottke-Marchant K. Dual biofunctional polymer modifications to address endothelialization and smooth muscle cell integration of ePTFE vascular grafts. J Biomed Mater Res A 2015; 104:71-81. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2015] [Revised: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Faina L. Kligman
- Robert J. Tomsich Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic; Cleveland Ohio
| | - Roger E. Marchant
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland Ohio
| | - Kandice Kottke-Marchant
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland Ohio
- Robert J. Tomsich Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic; Cleveland Ohio
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6
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Thalla PK, Fadlallah H, Liberelle B, Lequoy P, De Crescenzo G, Merhi Y, Lerouge S. Chondroitin Sulfate Coatings Display Low Platelet but High Endothelial Cell Adhesive Properties Favorable for Vascular Implants. Biomacromolecules 2014; 15:2512-20. [DOI: 10.1021/bm5003762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep K. Thalla
- Laboratory
of Endovascular Biomaterials (LBeV), Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), 900 Saint Denis, Tour Viger, 11th
Floor, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, École de technologie supérieure (ÉTS), 1100 Boulevard Notre-Dame West, Montreal, QC, H3C 1K3, Canada
| | - Hicham Fadlallah
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, École de technologie supérieure (ÉTS), 1100 Boulevard Notre-Dame West, Montreal, QC, H3C 1K3, Canada
- Laboratory
of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000
Belanger, Montreal, QC, H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Benoit Liberelle
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, École Polytechnique de Montréal, P.O. Box 6079, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, QC, H3C 3A7, Canada
| | - Pauline Lequoy
- Laboratory
of Endovascular Biomaterials (LBeV), Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), 900 Saint Denis, Tour Viger, 11th
Floor, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, École de technologie supérieure (ÉTS), 1100 Boulevard Notre-Dame West, Montreal, QC, H3C 1K3, Canada
| | - Gregory De Crescenzo
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, École Polytechnique de Montréal, P.O. Box 6079, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, QC, H3C 3A7, Canada
| | - Yahye Merhi
- Laboratory
of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000
Belanger, Montreal, QC, H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Sophie Lerouge
- Laboratory
of Endovascular Biomaterials (LBeV), Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), 900 Saint Denis, Tour Viger, 11th
Floor, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, École de technologie supérieure (ÉTS), 1100 Boulevard Notre-Dame West, Montreal, QC, H3C 1K3, Canada
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Thalla PK, Contreras-García A, Fadlallah H, Barrette J, De Crescenzo G, Merhi Y, Lerouge S. A versatile star PEG grafting method for the generation of nonfouling and nonthrombogenic surfaces. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2012; 2013:962376. [PMID: 23509823 PMCID: PMC3591106 DOI: 10.1155/2013/962376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2012] [Accepted: 11/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Polyethylene glycol (PEG) grafting has a great potential to create nonfouling and nonthrombogenic surfaces, but present techniques lack versatility and stability. The present work aimed to develop a versatile PEG grafting method applicable to most biomaterial surfaces, by taking advantage of novel primary amine-rich plasma-polymerized coatings. Star-shaped PEG covalent binding was studied using static contact angle, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D). Fluorescence and QCM-D both confirmed strong reduction of protein adsorption when compared to plasma-polymerized coatings and pristine poly(ethyleneterephthalate) (PET). Moreover, almost no platelet adhesion was observed after 15 min perfusion in whole blood. Altogether, our results suggest that primary amine-rich plasma-polymerized coatings offer a promising stable and versatile method for PEG grafting in order to create nonfouling and nonthrombogenic surfaces and micropatterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Kumar Thalla
- Laboratory of Endovascular Biomaterials (LBeV), Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montreal (CRCHUM), 2099 Alexandre de Sève, Montreal, QC, Canada H2L 2W5
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, École de Technologie Supérieure (ÉTS), 1100 Boulevard Notre-Dame Ouest, Montreal, QC, Canada H3C 1K3
| | - Angel Contreras-García
- Department of Engineering Physics, École Polytechnique de Montreal, P.O. Box 6079, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, QC, Canada H3C 3A7
| | - Hicham Fadlallah
- Laboratory of Endovascular Biomaterials (LBeV), Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montreal (CRCHUM), 2099 Alexandre de Sève, Montreal, QC, Canada H2L 2W5
- Laboratory of Thrombosis and Haemostasis Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, QC, Canada H1T 1C8
| | - Jérémie Barrette
- Laboratory of Endovascular Biomaterials (LBeV), Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montreal (CRCHUM), 2099 Alexandre de Sève, Montreal, QC, Canada H2L 2W5
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, École de Technologie Supérieure (ÉTS), 1100 Boulevard Notre-Dame Ouest, Montreal, QC, Canada H3C 1K3
| | - Gregory De Crescenzo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, École Polytechnique de Montreal, P.O. Box 6079, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, QC, Canada H3C 3A7
| | - Yahye Merhi
- Laboratory of Thrombosis and Haemostasis Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, QC, Canada H1T 1C8
| | - Sophie Lerouge
- Laboratory of Endovascular Biomaterials (LBeV), Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montreal (CRCHUM), 2099 Alexandre de Sève, Montreal, QC, Canada H2L 2W5
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, École de Technologie Supérieure (ÉTS), 1100 Boulevard Notre-Dame Ouest, Montreal, QC, Canada H3C 1K3
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Gauvin R, Marinov G, Mehri Y, Klein J, Li B, Larouche D, Guzman R, Zhang Z, Germain L, Guidoin R. A comparative study of bovine and porcine pericardium to highlight their potential advantages to manufacture percutaneous cardiovascular implants. J Biomater Appl 2012; 28:552-65. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328212465482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Rationale: Prosthetic heart valves designed to be implanted percutaneously must be loaded within delivery catheters whose diameter can be as low as 18 F (6 mm). This mandatory crimping of the devices may result in deleterious damages to the tissues used for valve manufacturing. As bovine and porcine pericardial tissue are currently given preference because of their excellent availability and traceability, a preliminary comparative study was undertaken to highlight their potential advantages. Materials and methods: Bovine and pericardium patches were compared morphologically (light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy). The acute thrombogenicity of both materials was measured in term of platelet uptake and observed by scanning electron microscopy, porcine intact and injured arteries being used as controls. The pericardium specimens were also subjected to uniaxial tensile tests to compare their respective mechanical characteristics. Results: Both pericardiums showed a layered architecture of collagen bundles presenting some interstitial cells. They displayed wavy crimps typical of an unloaded collagenous tissue. The collagen bundles were not bound together and the fibrils were parallel with characteristic periodicity patterns of cross striations. The mesothelial cells found in vivo on the serous surface were no longer present due to tissue processing, but the adjacent structure was far more compacted when compared to the fibrous side. The fibrinocollagenous surfaces were found to be more thrombogenic for both bovine and porcine tissues and the serous side of the porcine pericardium retained more platelets when compared to the bovine samples, making the acute thrombogenicity more important in the porcine pericardium. Conclusion: Both bovine and porcine pericardium used in cardiovascular implantology can be selected to manufacture percutaneous heart valves. The selection of one pericardium preferably to the other should deserve additional testing regarding the innocuousness of crimping when loaded in delivery catheters and the long-term durability after percutaneous deployment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Gauvin
- Center of LOEX, Laval University, Quebec (QC), Canada
| | | | - Yayhe Mehri
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (QC), Canada
| | | | - Bin Li
- Research Center of Saint-François d'Assise Hospital (CHU), Laval University, Quebec (QC), Canada
| | | | | | - Ze Zhang
- Research Center of Saint-François d'Assise Hospital (CHU), Laval University, Quebec (QC), Canada
| | - Lucie Germain
- Center of LOEX, Laval University, Quebec (QC), Canada
| | - Robert Guidoin
- Research Center of Saint-François d'Assise Hospital (CHU), Laval University, Quebec (QC), Canada
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9
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Burel F, Poussard L, Tabrizian M, Merhi Y, Bunel C. The influence of isocyanurate content on the bioperformance of hydrocarbon-based polyurethanes. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2012; 19:525-40. [DOI: 10.1163/156856208783719518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Burel
- a UMR 6522 CNRS – Polymères Biopolymères Membranes, L2M, INSA de Rouen, 76131 Mont-Saint-Aignan cedex, France
| | - L. Poussard
- b UMR 6522 CNRS – Polymères Biopolymères Membranes, L2M, INSA de Rouen, 76131 Mont-Saint-Aignan cedex, France
| | - M. Tabrizian
- c Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 2B4
| | - Y. Merhi
- d Laboratory of experimental Pathology, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, 5000 rue Belanger Est, Montreal, QC, Canada H1T 1C8
| | - C. Bunel
- e UMR 6522 CNRS – Polymères Biopolymères Membranes, L2M, INSA de Rouen, 76131 Mont-Saint-Aignan cedex, France
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10
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Poussard L, Burel F, Couvercelle JP, Lesouhaitier O, Merhi Y, Tabrizian M, Bunel C. In vitro thrombogenicity investigation of new water-dispersible polyurethane anionomers bearing carboxylate groups. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2012; 16:335-51. [PMID: 15850288 DOI: 10.1163/1568562053654112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
New segmented polyurethane (PU) anionomers based on hydroxytelechelic polybutadiene were synthesized via an aqueous dispersion process. Incorporation of carboxylic groups was achieved using thioacids of different length. Surface properties were investigated by mean of water absorption analysis and static contact-angle measurements using water, diiodomethane, formamide and ethylene glycol. Blood compatibility of the PUs was evaluated by in vitro adhesion assays using 111In-radiolabeled platelet-rich plasma and [125I]fibrinogen. Morphology of the adhered platelets was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results were compared to two biomedical-grade PUs, namely Pellethane and Tecoflex. Insertion of carboxylic groups increased surface hydrophilicity and limited water uptake ( < 8% for an ion content of 5% by weight). Surface energy of all synthesized PUs was between 40 and 45 mJ/m2. Platelet adhesion and fibrinogen adsorption on the PU anionomer surfaces were affected as a function to the increase of graft length; thiopropionic was the most haemocompatible, followed by thiosuccinic and then thioglycolic acid. SEM analyses of all ionic PU samples exhibited low platelet adhesion to surfaces with no morphological modification. In conclusion, increased hydrophily, dynamic mobility and charge repulsion are synergistic key factors for enhanced haemocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Poussard
- UMR 6522, Polymères Biopolymères Membranes, L2M, INSA de Rouen, 76131 Mont-Saint-Aignan cedex, France
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11
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Dimitrievska S, Maire M, Diaz-Quijada GA, Robitaille L, Ajji A, Yahia L, Moreno M, Merhi Y, Bureau MN. Low Thrombogenicity Coating of Nonwoven PET Fiber Structures for Vascular Grafts. Macromol Biosci 2011; 11:493-502. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201000390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2010] [Revised: 11/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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12
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Catheter thrombosis and percutaneous coronary intervention: fundamental perspectives on blood, artificial surfaces and antithrombotic drugs. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2009; 28:366-80. [PMID: 19597766 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-009-0375-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Recent reports of catheter thrombosis among patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) have had a significant impact on the development of new antithrombotic therapies. The overall incidence of this complication is unknown, mainly because of underreporting in contemporary clinical trials of coronary intervention. The etiology and pathophysiology of catheter thrombosis is also poorly understood. Introduction of a catheter or guidewire may not provoke the intense thrombotic response that follows angioplasty or stenting, but factors such as catheter materials and device size, equipment surface properties, flow conditions, procedural time and complexity, as well as the antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs administered during the procedure influence the likelihood, rate and clinical impact of thrombosis. The crucial role of cellular interactions involving tissue-factor bearing cells and platelets in the process of thrombosis also needs to be critically explored when considering blood contact with an exogenous material. Focusing on the inherently prothrombotic environment of percutaneous coronary intervention, we review the physiologic underpinnings of catheter and guidewire thrombosis, and explore the effect of antithrombotic drugs at the interface between blood and material surfaces. We also propose a clinical classification for the diagnosis and investigation of catheter thrombosis in clinical trials of anticoagulant therapy and PCI.
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Thierry B, Winnik FM, Merhi Y, Griesser HJ, Tabrizian M. Biomimetic hemocompatible coatings through immobilization of hyaluronan derivatives on metal surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:11834-11841. [PMID: 18759386 DOI: 10.1021/la801359w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Biomimetic coatings offer exciting options to modulate the biocompatibility of biomaterials. The challenge is to create surfaces that undergo specific interactions with cells without promoting nonspecific fouling. This work reports an innovative approach toward biomimetic surfaces based on the covalent immobilization of a carboxylate terminated PEGylated hyaluronan (HA-PEG) onto plasma functionalized NiTi alloy surfaces. The metal substrates were aminated via two different plasma functionalization processes. Hyaluronan, a natural glycosaminoglycan and the major constituent of the extracellular matrix, was grafted to the substrates by reaction of the surface amines with the carboxylic acid terminated PEG spacer using carbodiimide chemistry. The surface modification was monitored at each step by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). HA-immobilized surfaces displayed increased hydrophilicity and reduced fouling, compared to bare surfaces, when exposed to human platelets (PLT) in an in vitro assay with radiolabeled platelets (204.1 +/- 123.8 x 10 (3) PLT/cm (2) vs 538.5 +/- 100.5 x 10 (3) PLT/cm (2) for bare metal, p < 0.05). Using a robust plasma patterning technique, microstructured hyaluronan surfaces were successfully created as demonstrated by XPS chemical imaging. The bioactive surfaces described present unique features, which result from the synergy between the intrinsic biological properties of hyaluronan and the chemical composition and morphology of the polymer layer immobilized on a metal surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Thierry
- Ian Wark Research Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia.
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Spiller D, Losi P, Briganti E, Sbrana S, Kull S, Martinelli I, Soldani G. PDMS content affects in vitro hemocompatibility of synthetic vascular grafts. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2007; 18:1097-104. [PMID: 17268875 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-006-0067-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2005] [Accepted: 01/17/2006] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
An unsolved problem when employing small-diameter vascular grafts for aorto-coronary by-pass and peripheral reconstruction is the early thrombotic occlusion. The PEtU-PDMS is a new elastomeric material, composed of poly(ether)urethane and polydimethylsiloxane, synthesized to realize grafts with improved hemocompatibility characteristics. In order to investigate the effect of PDMS content on hemocompatibility, three different percentages of PDMS containing grafts (10, 25 and 40) were evaluated. Grafts realized with Estane 5714-F1 and silicone medical grade tubes were used as references. The hemocompatibility was investigated by an in vitro circuit in which human anticoagulated blood was circulated into grafts by a peristaltic pump modified to obtain a passive flow. For each experiment, 40 cm length graft was closed into a circular loop and put in rotation for 2 h at 37 degrees C. At the end of the experiments different parameters regarding platelet adhesion and activation were evaluated: circulating platelets count, beta-thromboglobulin release, platelet CD62P expression and amount of monocyte-platelet conjugates. PEtU-PDMS grafts with 25 and 40% of PDMS induced the lowest platelet adhesion, plasma level of beta-TG and amount of monocyte-platelet conjugates. No significative variations were observed in CD62P expression. In conclusion, PDMS content significatively affects blood-graft surface interaction, in fact higher PDMS percentage containing grafts showed the best in vitro hemocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Spiller
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Graft Technology, Institute of Clinical Physiology CNR, Via Aurelia Sud - Loc. Montepepe, 54100 Massa, Italy
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15
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Charbonneau C, Gautrot JE, Hébert MJ, Zhu XX, Lerouge S. Chondroitin-4-Sulfate: A Bioactive Macromolecule to Foster Vascular Healing around Stent-Grafts after Endovascular Aneurysm Repair. Macromol Biosci 2007; 7:746-52. [PMID: 17457946 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.200700008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Deficient healing after endovascular aneurysm repair with a stent-graft is thought to be related to pro-apoptotic environment in abdominal aortic aneurysms and inertness of graft materials. We developed a bioactive coating containing chondroitin-4-sulfate and assessed its potential to improve cell adhesion, viability and resistance to apoptosis on PET surfaces. Coatings of collagen type I and CS were prepared and characterized by DMMB, FT-IR, DSC, SEM and contact angle goniometry. Preliminary cell culture experiments with vascular smooth muscle cells showed increased adhesion and viability in serum-free medium on CS-coated surfaces compared to control PET films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Charbonneau
- Centre de Recherche, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, 1560 Sherbrooke Est, Montréal, QC, Canada H2L 4M1
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16
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Thierry B, Merhi Y, Silver J, Tabrizian M. Biodegradable membrane-covered stent from chitosan-based polymers. J Biomed Mater Res A 2006; 75:556-66. [PMID: 16094632 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.30450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Membrane-covered devices could help treat disease of the vasculature such as aneurysm, rupture, and fistulas. They are also investigated to reduce embolic complication associated with revascularization of saphenous vein graft. The aim of this study is to design a clinically applicable biodegradable membrane-covered stent based on the natural polysaccharide chitosan, which has been developed. The mechanical properties of the membrane is optimized through blending with polyethylene oxide (70:30% Wt CH:PEO). The membrane was able to sustain the mechanical deformation of the supporting self-expandable metallic stents during its deployment. The membrane was demonstrated to resist physiological transmural pressure (burst pressure resistance >500 mm Hg) and presented a high-water permeation resistance (1 mL/cm(2) min(-1) at 120 mmHg). The CH-PEO membrane showed a good hemocompatibility in an ex vivo assay. Heparin and hyaluronan surface complexation with the membrane further reduced platelet adhesion by 50.1 and 63% (p = 0.05). The ability of the membrane-covered devices to be used as a drug reservoir was investigated using the nitric oxide donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP). SNP-loaded membranes displayed significantly reduced platelet adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Thierry
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
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Poussard L, Burel F, Couvercelle JP, Merhi Y, Tabrizian M, Bunel C. Hemocompatibilty of new ionic polyurethanes: influence of carboxylic group insertion modes. Biomaterials 2004; 25:3473-83. [PMID: 15020121 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2003.10.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2003] [Accepted: 09/29/2003] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
New segmented polyurethane (PU) anionomers based on hydroxytelechelic polybutadiene (HTPB) were synthesized via two environment-friendly chemical routes. The effects of carboxylic content and ion incorporation mode on the surface properties were investigated by mean of water absorption analysis and static contact angle measurements using water, diiodomethane, formamide and ethylene glycol. Blood compatibility of the PUs was evaluated by in vitro adhesion assay using 111In-radiolabeled platelet rich plasma and 125I-fibrinogen. The morphology of platelet adhesion was also observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results were compared with a biomedical-grade PU, Pellethane. Insertion of the carboxylic groups on the soft segments (S-alpha series), using thioglycolic acid (TGA), increases surface hydrophilicity, limits water uptake (5%, for an ion content of 3.6 wt%), and reduces platelet adhesion and fibrinogen adsorption on the PUs' surfaces. In contrast, the classical insertion onto the hard segment (H-alpha series), using dimethylolpropionate (DMPA) as chain extender, leads to high water uptake (18%, for an ion content of 3.6 wt%) and promotes platelet and fibrinogen adhesion. SEM analyses of the non-ionic PUs exhibited surfaces with adhered platelets which underwent morphological modification. Similarly, the H-alpha ionic PUs show adherent and activated platelets. On the contrary, no platelet morphology changes were observed on the S-alpha ionic surfaces. In conclusion, insertion of carboxyl groups on the soft segments of PUs reduces their thrombogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Poussard
- UMR 6522-Polymères Biopolymères Membranes, L2M, INSA de Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan cedex 76131, France
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18
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Losi P, Lombardi S, Briganti E, Soldani G. Luminal surface microgeometry affects platelet adhesion in small-diameter synthetic grafts. Biomaterials 2004; 25:4447-55. [PMID: 15046935 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2003.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2003] [Accepted: 11/11/2003] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
One of the major problems when using small-diameter vascular grafts in arterial reconstruction is the development of platelet-rich thrombi as a consequence of blood contact with artificial surfaces. The degree of occlusion is certainly affected by the thrombogenicity of the internal surface that seems to play a key role in patency and long-term wound healing of grafts. In this study, the blood compatibility of Cardiothane (CA) vascular grafts was investigated. The CA material, a blend of polyurethane and polydimethylsiloxane that has shown relatively good physical and biocompatibility properties, was manufactured into vascular grafts by the instrument named "spray-machine". Grafts with different luminal surface porosity were produced using increasing CA concentrations by the "spray-machine" and the blood compatibility was evaluated in vitro by a circulation system in which the human blood was allowed to interact with the material in a well-controlled setting. The samples of circulating blood were collected at different times of circulation and platelet adhesion and activation were studied. Grafts with a highly porous luminal surface induced a lower adhesion and activation of platelets in vitro than the low-porosity ones. These results underlined the importance of the microgeometry of the graft luminal surface in the interaction with blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Losi
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Graft Technology, G. Pasquinucci Hospital, Institute of Clinical Physiology C.N.R., Massa 54100, Italy
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19
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Thierry B, Winnik FM, Merhi Y, Silver J, Tabrizian M. Bioactive Coatings of Endovascular Stents Based on Polyelectrolyte Multilayers. Biomacromolecules 2003; 4:1564-71. [PMID: 14606881 DOI: 10.1021/bm0341834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Layer-by-layer self-assembly of two polysaccharides, hyaluronan (HA) and chitosan (CH), was employed to engineer bioactive coatings for endovascular stents. A polyethyleneimine (PEI) primer layer was adsorbed on the metallic surface to initiate the sequential adsorption of the weak polyelectrolytes. The multilayer growth was monitored using a radiolabeled HA and shown to be linear as a function of the number of layers. The chemical structure, interfacial properties, and morphology of the self-assembled multilayer were investigated by time-of-flight secondary ions mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), contact angle measurements, and atomic force microscopy (AFM), respectively. Multilayer-coated NiTi disks presented enhanced antifouling properties, compared to unmodified NiTi disks, as demonstrated by a decrease of platelet adhesion in an in vitro assay (38% reduction; p = 0.036). An ex vivo assay on a porcine model indicated that the coating did not prevent fouling by neutrophils. To assess whether the multilayers may be exploited as in situ drug delivery systems, the nitric-oxide-donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) was incorporated within the multilayer. SNP-doped multilayers were shown to further reduce platelet adhesion, compared to standard multilayers (40% reduction). When NiTi wires coated with a multilayer containing a fluorescently labeled HA were placed in intimate contact with the vascular wall, the polysaccharide translocated on the porcine aortic samples, as shown by confocal microscopy observation of a treated artery. The enhanced thromboresistance of the self-assembled multilayer together with the antiinflammatory and wound healing properties of hyaluronan and chitosan are expected to reduce the neointimal hyperplasia associated with stent implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Thierry
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mc Gill University, 3775 University Street, Montreal, Qc, H3A 2B4, Canada
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20
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Thierry B, Merhi Y, Bilodeau L, Trépanier C, Tabrizian M. Nitinol versus stainless steel stents: acute thrombogenicity study in an ex vivo porcine model. Biomaterials 2002; 23:2997-3005. [PMID: 12069342 DOI: 10.1016/s0142-9612(02)00030-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Acute and subacute stents thrombosis along with thrombus mediating neointimal proliferation within the stent struts remain major concerns in coronary stenting. Up to date, there is an obvious lack of data on the thrombogenicity of stent materials in physiological conditions. This study was performed to compare the relative thrombogenicity of nitinol versus stainless steel stents. Nitinol stents were laser cut to reproduce the exact geometry of the stainless steel Palmaz stents and tested in an ex vivo AV shunt porcine model under controlled conditions. Nitinol stents presented only small amounts of white and/or red thrombus principally located at the strut intersections while Palmaz stents clearly exhibited more thrombus. As a result, 125I-fibrin(ogen) adsorption and (111)I-platelets adhesion were significantly lower on nitinol than on stainless steel devices (36%, p = 0.03 for fibrin(ogen) and 63%, p = 0.01 for platelet). These results were confirmed by scanning electron observations showing different thrombus morphologies for nitinol and stainless steel. Along with the unique mechanical properties of nitinol, its promising haemocompatibility demonstrated in our study may promote their increasing use for both peripheral and coronary revascularization procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Thierry
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal , QC, Canada
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21
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Pedrini L, Dondi M, Magagnoli A, Magnoni F, Pisano E, Del Giudice E, Santoro M. Evaluation of thrombogenicity of fluoropassivated polyester patches following carotid endarterectomy. Ann Vasc Surg 2001; 15:679-83. [PMID: 11769150 DOI: 10.1007/s100160010129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The use of a patch after carotid endarterectomy (CE) is recommended to reduce the incidence of restenosis. Most studies on this subject report the implantation of saphenous vein or PTFE patches, because polyester has always been considered to be a thrombogenic material. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the thrombogenicity of a knitted polyester patch passivated by fluoropolymer surface treatment (FPD patch), which experimental studies have demonstrated to be less thrombogenic than other materials. This prospective, randomized study was performed in 22 patients who underwent CE. In 11 patients the arteriotomy was sutured directly, while in the other 11 an FPD patch was applied. Patients' 111in-oxine labeled platelets were reinjected on the first postoperative day, and scintigraphies were performed after 4, 24, and 48 hr, respectively. The study confirmed that an FPD patch is no more thrombogenic than a simple carotid endarterectomy. The application of the patch, therefore, can be recommended to reduce restenosis without any adjunctive thromboembolic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Pedrini
- Vascular Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Ospedale Maggiore CA Pizzardi, Largo B Nigrisoli, 2, 40133 Bologna, Italy
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22
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Bélanger MC, Marois Y, Roy R, Mehri Y, Wagner E, Zhang Z, King MW, Yang M, Hahn C, Guidoin R. Selection of a polyurethane membrane for the manufacture of ventricles for a totally implantable artificial heart: blood compatibility and biocompatibility studies. Artif Organs 2000; 24:879-88. [PMID: 11119076 DOI: 10.1046/j.1525-1594.2000.06504.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Membranes made from 4 commercial poly(carbonate urethanes): Carbothane (CB), Chronoflex (CF), Corethane 80A (CT80), and Corethane 55D (CT55), and from 2 poly(ether urethanes): Tecoflex (TF) and Tecothane (TT) were prepared by solution casting and sterilized by either ethylene oxide (EO) or gamma radiation. Their biocompatibility was evaluated in vitro in terms of proliferation, cell viability, and adhesion characteristics of human umbilical veins (HUVEC), monocytes (THP-1), and skin fibroblasts, and by measuring complement activation through the generation of the C3a complex. Their hemocompatibility was determined by measuring the level of radiolabeled platelet, neutrophil, and fibrin adhesion in an ex vivo arteriovenous circuit study in piglets as well as via an in vitro hemolysis test. The results of this study showed no endothelial cell proliferation on any of the materials. The cell viability study revealed that the CB, CF, and TF membranes sterilized by EO maintained the highest percentage of monocyte viability after 72 h of incubation (>70%) while none of the gamma-sterilized membranes displayed any cell viability. The fibroblast adhesion and C3a generation assays revealed that none of the materials supported any cell adhesion or activated complement, regardless of the sterilization method. The hemolysis test also confirmed that the 4 poly(carbonate urethanes) were hemolytic while none of the poly(ether urethanes) were. Finally, the ex vivo study revealed that significantly more platelets adhered to the CB and CT55 membranes while the levels of neutrophil and fibrin deposition were observed to be similar for all 6 materials. In conclusion, the study identified the CF and TF membranes as having superior biocompatibility and hemocompatibility compared to the other polyurethanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Bélanger
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University and the Quebec Biomaterials Institute, Saint-François d'Assise Hospital, CHUQ, Quebec, Canada
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23
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Kidane A, Lantz GC, Jo S, Park K. Surface modification with PEO-containing triblock copolymer for improved biocompatibility: in vitro and ex vivo studies. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 1999; 10:1089-105. [PMID: 10591134 DOI: 10.1163/156856299x00702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) has been frequently used to modify biomaterial surfaces for improved biocompatibility. We have used PEO-polybutadiene-PEO triblock copolymer to graft PEO to biomaterials by gamma-irradiation for a total radiation dose of 1 Mrad. The molecular weight of PEO in the block copolymer was 5000. In vitro study showed that fibrinogen adsorption to Silastic, polyethylene, and glass was reduced by 70 to approximately 95% by PEO grafting. On the other hand, the reduction of fibrinogen adsorption was only 30% on expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e-PTFE). In vitro platelet adhesion study showed that almost no platelets could adhere to PEO-coated Silastic, polyethylene, and glass, while numerous platelet aggregates were found on the ePTFE. The platelet adhesion in vitro corresponded to the fibrinogen adsorption. When the PEO-grafted surfaces were tested ex vivo using a series shunt in a canine model, the effect of the grafted PEO was not noticeable. Platelet deposition on ePTFE was reduced by PEO grafting from 8170 +/- 1030 to 5100 +/- 460 platelets 10(-3) microm2, but numerous thrombi were still present on the PEO-grafted surface. The numbers of platelets cumulated on Silastic, polyethylene, and glass were 100 +/- 80, 169 +/- 35, and 24 +/- 22 platelets 10(-3) microm2, respectively. This is about 35% reduction in platelet deposition by PEO grafting. While the numbers of deposited platelets were small, the decreases were not as large as those expected from the in vitro study. This may be due to a number of reasons which have to be clarified in future studies, but it appears that in vitro platelet adhesion and fibrinogen adsorption studies may not be a valuable predictor for the in vivo or ex vivo behavior of the PEO-grafted surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kidane
- Purdue University, School of Pharmacy, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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24
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Chauvet P, Bienvenu JG, Théorêt JF, Latour JG, Merhi Y. Inhibition of platelet-neutrophil interactions by Fucoidan reduces adhesion and vasoconstriction after acute arterial injury by angioplasty in pigs. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1999; 34:597-603. [PMID: 10511137 DOI: 10.1097/00005344-199910000-00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The selectin family of cell-adhesion molecules contributes to the interactions of leukocytes and platelets at the site of vascular injury. Such interactions enhance inflammatory reactions and thrombus formation during the arterial response to injury. In this study, we investigated the effects of a selectin inhibitor (Fucoidan) on platelet and neutrophil interactions after arterial injury produced by angioplasty in pigs. [51Cr]-platelet deposition and [111In]-neutrophil adhesion were quantified on intact, mildly, and deeply injured carotid arterial segments, produced by balloon dilation in control (saline, n = 7) and Fucoidan-treated (i.v.; 1 mg/kg, n = 6; 5 mg/kg, n = 5) pigs. In the control group, platelet deposition (x10(6)/cm2) was influenced by the severity of injury and increased significantly (p < 0.05) from 0.06+/-0.06 on intact endothelium to 3.8+/-0.6 and 33.6+/-4.9 on mildly and deeply injured segments, respectively. Fucoidan, 1 mg/kg, had no significant effect, although doses of 5 mg/kg reduced platelet deposition by 73% on deeply injured segments. The level of neutrophil adhesion (x10(3)/cm2) was also influenced by the severity of injury: it increased in the control group from 8.8+/-2.5 on intact endothelium to 226.6+/-45.5 and 397.4+/-61.3 on mildly and deeply injured arterial segments, respectively (p < 0.05). Again, 1 mg/kg Fucoidan had no effect, although doses of 5 mg/kg reduced neutrophil adhesion by 92% and by 84% on mildly and deeply injured segments, respectively. The effects of Fucoidan were associated with a 51% decrease in the vasoconstrictive response at the site of arterial injury. However, Fucoidan had no significant effect on either platelet aggregation or activated clotting time (ACT). In the in vitro perfusion experiments, Fucoidan inhibited both isolated platelet, and neutrophil, adhesion to damaged arterial surfaces. This inhibition was more pronounced in experiments using mixed cell preparations, indicating that Fucoidan interferes with platelet and neutrophil interactions. These results highlight the importance of selectins in the acute physiopathologic reactions related to platelet-neutrophil interactions after arterial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Chauvet
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, Montreal Heart Institute and the University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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25
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Merhi Y, Provost P, Chauvet P, Théorêt JF, Phillips ML, Latour JG. Selectin blockade reduces neutrophil interaction with platelets at the site of deep arterial injury by angioplasty in pigs. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1999; 19:372-7. [PMID: 9974421 DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.19.2.372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The adhesion of neutrophils to damaged arterial surfaces is increased in the presence of platelets by a mechanism implicating platelet P-selectin. Such interactions may enhance thrombus formation and the vascular response to injury. In this study, we investigated the effects of a selectin blocker (CY-1503), an analogue of sialyl Lewisx, on platelet and neutrophil interactions after arterial injury produced by angioplasty in pigs.51Cr-platelet deposition and 111In-neutrophil adhesion were quantified on intact, mildly and deeply injured carotid arterial segments, produced by balloon dilation, in control (saline, n=8) and treated (CY-1503, 15 mg/kg IV, n=7) pigs. The hematological parameters, the aggregation of whole blood in response to adenosine diphosphate, and the activating clotting time, as well as the heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure, were similar among groups and were not influenced significantly by CY-1503. The level of platelet and neutrophil adhesion increased significantly with the severity of arterial injury but was not influenced by CY-1503 on intact and mildly injured arterial segments. However, at the site of deep arterial injury, CY-1503 treatment was associated with a 58% reduction (P<0.01) in neutrophil adhesion, from 446.7+/-72.6x10(3) neutrophils/cm2 in the control group to 186.8+/-38.7x10(3) neutrophils/cm2 in the CY-1503-treated group, whereas platelet deposition remained unchanged (43.4+/-15.6x10(6) platelets/cm2 versus 50.1+/-12.2x10(6) platelets/cm2 in the control group). In in vitro adhesion experiments, using isolated platelet and neutrophil suspensions, we found that CY-1503 interfered with the adhesion of neutrophils to damaged arterial surfaces only in the presence of platelets. In contact with thrombogenic arterial surfaces, adherent and activated platelets supports neutrophil adhesion at the site of deep injury by an adhesive interaction involving neutrophil sialyl Lewisx. The inhibitory effect of CY-1503 on neutrophil interaction with adherent platelets may be clinically relevant in patients undergoing percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty where platelet and neutrophil interactions may enhance the acute and chronic arterial response to injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Merhi
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, Montreal Heart Institute, and the University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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