1
|
Segura V, Flores D, Deferrari G. Comparison of skull growth in two ecosystem modifiers: Beavers Castor canadensis (Rodentia: Castoridae) and muskrats Ondatra zibethicus (Rodentia: Cricetidae). ZOOL ANZ 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2023.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
|
2
|
Cox PG, Watson PJ. Masticatory biomechanics of red and grey squirrels ( Sciurus vulgaris and Sciurus carolinensis) modelled with multibody dynamics analysis. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2023; 10:220587. [PMID: 36816846 PMCID: PMC9929510 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.220587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The process of feeding in mammals is achieved by moving the mandible relative to the cranium to bring the teeth into and out of occlusion. This process is especially complex in rodents which have a highly specialized configuration of jaw adductor muscles. Here, we used the computational technique of multi-body dynamics analysis (MDA) to model feeding in the red (Sciurus vulgaris) and grey squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis) and determine the relative contribution of each jaw-closing muscle in the generation of bite forces. The MDA model simulated incisor biting at different gapes. A series of 'virtual ablation experiments' were performed at each gape, whereby the activation of each bilateral pair of muscles was set to zero. The maximum bite force was found to increase at wider gapes. As predicted, the superficial and anterior deep masseter were the largest contributors to bite force, but the temporalis had only a small contribution. Further analysis indicated that the temporalis may play a more important role in jaw stabilization than in the generation of bite force. This study demonstrated the ability of MDA to elucidate details of red and grey squirrel feeding biomechanics providing a complement to data gathered via in vivo experimentation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philip G. Cox
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Archaeology, University of York, York, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bite Force Performance from wild Derived mice has Undetectable Heritability Despite Having Heritable Morphological Components. Evol Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11692-022-09582-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
AbstractFitness-related traits tend to have low heritabilities. Conversely, morphology tends to be highly heritable. Yet, many fitness-related performance traits such as running speed or bite force depend critically on morphology. Craniofacial morphology correlates with bite performance in several groups including rodents. However, within species, this relationship is less clear, and the genetics of performance, morphology and function are rarely analyzed in combination. Here, we use a half-sib design in outbred wild-derived Mus musculus to study the morphology-bite force relationship and determine whether there is additive genetic (co-)variance for these traits. Results suggest that bite force has undetectable additive genetic variance and heritability in this sample, while morphological traits related mechanically to bite force exhibit varying levels of heritability. The most heritable traits include the length of the mandible which relates to bite force. Despite its correlation with morphology, realized bite force was not heritable, which suggests it is less responsive to selection in comparison to its morphological determinants. We explain this paradox with a non-additive, many-to-one mapping hypothesis of heritable change in complex traits. We furthermore propose that performance traits could evolve if pleiotropic relationships among the determining traits are modified.
Collapse
|
4
|
Description of the Type Specimen of the Extinct Tenerife Giant Rat (Canariomys bravoi). J MAMM EVOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10914-021-09594-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
5
|
Botzenhart UU, Keil C, Tsagkari E, Zeidler-Rentzsch I, Gredes T, Gedrange T. Influence of botulinum toxin A on craniofacial morphology after injection into the right masseter muscle of dystrophin deficient (mdx-) mice. Ann Anat 2021; 236:151715. [PMID: 33675949 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2021.151715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe craniofacial and dental abnormalities, typical for patients with progressive Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), are an exellcent demonstration of Melvin L. Moss "functional matrix theory", highlighting the influence of muscle tissue on craniofacial growth and morphology. However, the currently best approved animal model for investigation of this interplay is the mdx-mouse, which offers only a limited time window for research, due to the ability of muscle regeneration, in contrast to the human course of the disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate craniofacial morphology after BTX-A induced muscle paralysis in C57Bl- and mdx-mice, to prove the suitability of BTX-A intervention to inhibit muscle regeneration in mdx-mice and thus, mimicking the human course of the DMD disease. METHODS Paralysis of the right masseter muscle was induced in 100 days old C57Bl- and mdx-mice by a single specific intramuscular BTX-A injection. Mice skulls were obtained at 21 days and 42 days after BTX-A injection and 3D radiological evaluation was performed in order to measure various craniofacial dimensions in the sagittal, transversal and vertical plane. Statstical analysis were performed using SigmaStat®Version 3.5. In case of normal distribution, unpaired t-test and otherwise the Mann-Whitney-U test was applied. A statistical significance was given in case of p ≤ 0.05. RESULTS In contrast to C57Bl-mice, in mdx-mice, three weeks after BTX-A treatment a significant decrease of skull dimensions was noted in most of the measurements followed by a significant increase at the second investigation period. CONCLUSIONS BTX-A can induce changes in craniofacial morphology and presumably partially inhibit muscle regeneration in mdx-mice, but cannot completely intensify craniofacial effects elicited by dystrophy. Further research is necessary in order to fully understand muscle-bone interplay after BTX-A injection into dystrophic muscles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Christiane Keil
- Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus Campus, TU Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany; Department of Orthodontics, Carl Gustav Carus Campus, TU Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Eirini Tsagkari
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ines Zeidler-Rentzsch
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Carl Gustav Carus Campus, TU Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Tomasz Gredes
- Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus Campus, TU Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany; Department of Orthodontics, Carl Gustav Carus Campus, TU Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Tomasz Gedrange
- Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus Campus, TU Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Missagia RV, Patterson BD, Krentzel D, Perini FA. Insectivory leads to functional convergence in a group of Neotropical rodents. J Evol Biol 2020; 34:391-402. [PMID: 33617138 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The mandible of vertebrates serves as insertion area for masticatory muscles that originate on the skull, and its functional properties are subject to selective forces related to trophic ecology. The efficiency of masticatory muscles can be measured as mechanical advantage on the mandible, which, in turn, has the property of correlating with bite force and shape. In the present work, we quantify the mechanical advantage of the mandible of akodontine rodents, which present a diverse radiation of insectivorous specialists, to assess their relationship to the estimated bite force and diet. We also tested the degree of morphofunctional convergence in response to insectivory on the group. We found the mechanical advantages to be convergent on insectivorous species, and associated with the estimated bite force, with higher mechanical advantages in species with a stronger bite and short, robust mandibles and lower mechanical advantages in insectivorous species with weaker bites and more elongated, dorso-ventrally compressed mandibles. Insectivorous species of Akodontini are functional specialists for the consumption of live prey and may exploit the resources that shrews, moles and hedgehogs consume elsewhere.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela V Missagia
- PPG - Zoologia/Departamento de Zoologia - Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Negaunee Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bruce D Patterson
- Negaunee Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Dallas Krentzel
- Negaunee Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Fernando A Perini
- PPG - Zoologia/Departamento de Zoologia - Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Biswas JK, Oshida T, Motokawa M. Sexual dimorphism and variability of craniomandibular morphology in the Japanese giant flying squirrel, Petaurista leucogenys (Rodentia: Sciuridae). ZOOL ANZ 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2020.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
8
|
Durão AF, Ventura J, Muñoz-Muñoz F. Comparative post-weaning ontogeny of the mandible in fossorial and semi-aquatic water voles. Mamm Biol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mambio.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
9
|
D’Elía G, Fabre PH, Lessa EP. Rodent systematics in an age of discovery: recent advances and prospects. J Mammal 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyy179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo D’Elía
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Pierre-Henri Fabre
- Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution (ISEM, UMR 5554 CNRS-UM2-IRD), Université Montpellier, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Enrique P Lessa
- Departamento de Ecología y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Moriuchi E, Hamanaka R, Koga Y, Fujishita A, Yoshimi T, Yasuda G, Kohara H, Yoshida N. Development and evaluation of a jaw-tracking system for mice: reconstruction of three-dimensional movement trajectories on an arbitrary point on the mandible. Biomed Eng Online 2019; 18:59. [PMID: 31096969 PMCID: PMC6524240 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-019-0672-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mastication is one of the most fundamental functions for the conservation of life. The demand for devices for evaluating stomatognathic function, for instance, recording mandibular movements or masticatory muscle activities using animal models, has been increasing in recent years to elucidate neuromuscular control mechanisms of mastication and to investigate the etiology of oral motor disorders. To identify the fundamental characteristics of the jaw movements of mice, we developed a new device that reconstructs the three-dimensional (3D) movement trajectories on an arbitrary point on the mandible during mastication. Methods First, jaw movements with six degrees of freedom were measured using a motion capture system comprising two high-speed cameras and four reflective markers. Second, a 3D model of the mandible including the markers was created from micro-computed tomography images. Then, the jaw movement trajectory on the certain anatomical point was reproduced by integrating the kinematic data of the jaw movements with the geometric data of the mandible. Results The 3D movements at any points on the mandible, such as the condyle, molar, and incisor during mastication, could be calculated and visualized with an accuracy > 0.041 mm in 3D space. The masticatory cycle was found to be clearly divided into three phases, namely, the opening, closing, and occlusal phases in mice. Conclusions The proposed system can reproduce and visualize the movements of internal anatomical points such as condylar points precisely by combining kinematic data with geometric data. The findings obtained from this system could facilitate our understanding of the pathogenesis of eating disorders or other oral motor disorders when we could compare the parameters of stomatognathic function of normal mice and those of genetically modified mice with oral behavioral dysfunctions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emi Moriuchi
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8588, Japan
| | - Ryo Hamanaka
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8588, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Koga
- Department of Orthodontics, Nagasaki University Hospital, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8588, Japan.
| | - Ayumi Fujishita
- Department of Orthodontics, Nagasaki University Hospital, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8588, Japan
| | - Tomoko Yoshimi
- Department of Orthodontics, Nagasaki University Hospital, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8588, Japan
| | - Go Yasuda
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8588, Japan
| | - Haruka Kohara
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8588, Japan
| | - Noriaki Yoshida
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8588, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
One skull to rule them all? Descriptive and comparative anatomy of the masticatory apparatus in five mouse species. J Morphol 2018; 279:1234-1255. [DOI: 10.1002/jmor.20845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
12
|
Kim HJ, Park KM, Tak HJ, Choi JW, Kang SH, Park W, Bertin H, Corre P, Lee SH. Skeletal unit construction of rat mandible based on the masticatory muscle anatomy and double microcomputed tomography. Anat Histol Embryol 2018; 47:417-427. [PMID: 29943437 DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to divide the mandible into skeletal units based on three-dimensional (3D) muscular anatomy with microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) of Sprague-Dawley rat. Five normal rats were micro-CT scanned at 12 weeks of age before and after contrast enhancements for the masticatory muscles. Three-dimensional reconstruction of the mandible was performed from the initial micro-CT images, followed by segmentation of the masticatory muscles using the second enhanced micro-CT data. Bone and muscle models were superimposed based on the teeth and bony structures to evaluate muscular orientation and attachment. The mandible was divided into skeletal units using the bony structures and muscle attachments. The mandibular foramen and mental foramen were adopted as the reference points based on their anatomical and developmental significance. The skeletal units consisted of the condylar, coronoid, angular, body and symphyseal units. Further evaluation of these units in relation to development, growth, and other biology and medicine will be helpful in elucidating their biological identities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hak-Jin Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyeong-Mee Park
- Department of Advanced General Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Tak
- Oral Science Research Center, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Wook Choi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Hoon Kang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, National Health Insurance Service, Ilsan Hospital, Goyang-si, Korea
| | - Wonse Park
- Department of Advanced General Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Helios Bertin
- Stomatology and Maxillo-facial Surgery Unit, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes Cedex 1, France
| | - Pierre Corre
- Stomatology and Maxillo-facial Surgery Unit, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes Cedex 1, France
| | - Sang-Hwy Lee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.,Oral Science Research Center, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
West AG, King CM. Variation in mandible shape and body size of house mice Mus musculus in five separate New Zealand forest habitats. NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/03014223.2017.1411955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Annie G. West
- School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Carolyn M. King
- School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ginot S, Herrel A, Claude J, Hautier L. Skull Size and Biomechanics are Good Estimators of In Vivo
Bite Force in Murid Rodents. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2018; 301:256-266. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.23711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Ginot
- Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier; Université de Montpellier; Montpellier France
| | | | - Julien Claude
- Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier; Université de Montpellier; Montpellier France
| | - Lionel Hautier
- Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier; Université de Montpellier; Montpellier France
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Camacho-Sanchez M, Leonard JA, Fitriana Y, Tilak MK, Fabre PH. The generic status of Rattus annandalei (Bonhote, 1903) (Rodentia, Murinae) and its evolutionary implications. J Mammal 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyx081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|
16
|
Fabre PH, Herrel A, Fitriana Y, Meslin L, Hautier L. Masticatory muscle architecture in a water-rat from Australasia (Murinae, Hydromys) and its implication for the evolution of carnivory in rodents. J Anat 2017; 231:380-397. [PMID: 28585258 DOI: 10.1111/joa.12639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Murines are well known for their generalist diet, but several of them display specializations towards a carnivorous diet such as the amphibious Indo-Pacific water-rats. Despite the fact that carnivory evolved repeatedly in this group, few studies have investigated associated changes in jaw muscle anatomy and biomechanics. Here, we describe the jaw muscles and cranial anatomy of a carnivorous water-rat, Hydromys chrysogaster. The architecture of the jaw musculature of six specimens captured both on Obi and Papua were studied and described using dissections. We identified the origin and insertions of the jaw muscles, and quantified muscle mass, fiber length, physiological cross-sectional area, and muscle vectors for each muscle. Using a biomechanical model, we estimated maximum incisor and molar bite force at different gape angles. Finally, we conducted a 2D geometric morphometric analyses to compare jaw shape, mechanical potential, and diversity in lever-arm ratios for a set of 238 specimens, representative of Australo-Papuan carnivorous and omnivorous murids. Our study reveals major changes in the muscle proportions among Hydromys and its omnivorous close relative, Melomys. Hydromys was found to have large superficial masseter and temporalis muscles as well as a reduced deep masseter and zygomatico-mandibularis, highlighting major functional divergence among omnivorous and carnivorous murines. Changes in these muscles are also accompanied by changes in jaw shape and the lines of action of the muscles. A more vertically oriented masseter, reduced masseteric muscles, as well as an elongated jaw with proodont lower incisors are key features indicative of a reduced propalinality in carnivorous Hydromys. Differences in the fiber length of the masseteric muscles were also detected between Hydromys and Melomys, which highlight potential adaptations to a wide gape in Hydromys, allowing it to prey on larger animals. Using a biomechanical model, we inferred a greater bite force in Hydromys than in Melomys, implying a functional shift between omnivory and carnivory. However, Melomys has an unexpected greater bite force at large gape compared with Hydromys. Compared with omnivorous Melomys, Hydromys have a very distinctive low mandible with a well-developed coronoid process, and a reduced angular process that projects posteriorly to the ascending rami. This jaw shape, along with our mechanical potential and jaw lever ratio estimates, suggests that Hydromys has a faster jaw closing at the incisor, with a higher bite force at the level of the molars. The narrowing of the Hydromys jaw explains this higher lever advantage at the molars, which constitutes a good compromise between a wide gape, a reduced anterior masseteric mass, and long fiber lengths. Lever arms of the superficial and deep masseter are less favourable to force output of the mandible in Hydromys but more favourable to speed. Compared with the small input lever arm defined between the condyle and the angular process, the relatively longer mandible of Hydromys increases the speed at the expense of the output force. This unique combination of morphological features of the masticatory apparatus possibly has permitted Hydromys to become a highly successful amphibious predator in the Indo-Pacific region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P-H Fabre
- Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution (ISEM, UMR 5554 CNRS), Universite Montpellier II, Montpellier, France.,National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA.,Harvard Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - A Herrel
- Département d'Ecologie et de Gestion de la Biodiversité, UMR 7179 C.N.R.S/M.N.H.N., Paris, France.,Evolutionary Morphology of Vertebrates, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Y Fitriana
- Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense, Research Center For Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Cibinong, Indonesia
| | - L Meslin
- Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution (ISEM, UMR 5554 CNRS), Universite Montpellier II, Montpellier, France
| | - L Hautier
- Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution (ISEM, UMR 5554 CNRS), Universite Montpellier II, Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Yoshimi T, Koga Y, Nakamura A, Fujishita A, Kohara H, Moriuchi E, Yoshimi K, Tsai CY, Yoshida N. Mechanism of motor coordination of masseter and temporalis muscles for increased masticatory efficiency in mice. J Oral Rehabil 2017; 44:363-374. [PMID: 28181679 DOI: 10.1111/joor.12491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The demand for the use of mice as animal models for elucidating the pathophysiologies and pathogeneses of oral motor disorders has been increasing in recent years, as more and more kinds of genetically modified mice that express functional disorders of the stomatognathic system become available. However, the fundamental characteristics of mouse jaw movements during mastication have yet to be fully elucidated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the roles of the masseter and temporalis muscles, and the mechanisms of motor coordination of these muscles for increasing masticatory efficiency in the closing phase in mice. Twenty-two male Jcl:ICR mice were divided into control (n = 8), masseter-hypofunction (n = 7) and temporalis-hypofunction groups (n = 7). Botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT⁄A) was used to induce muscle hypofunction. The masticatory movement path in the horizontal direction during the occlusal phase became unstable after BoNT⁄A injection into the masseter muscle. BoNT⁄A injection into the temporalis muscle decreased antero-posterior excursion of the late-closing phase corresponding to the power phase of the chewing cycle. These results suggest that the masseter plays an important role in stabilizing the grinding path, where the food bolus is ground by sliding the posterior teeth from back to front during the occlusal phase. The temporalis plays a major role in retracting the mandible more posteriorly in the early phase of closing, extending the grinding path. Masticatory efficiency is thus increased based on the coordination of activities by the masseter and temporalis muscles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Yoshimi
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Y Koga
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - A Nakamura
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - A Fujishita
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - H Kohara
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - E Moriuchi
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - K Yoshimi
- Yoshimi Skin Clinic, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - C Y Tsai
- Division of Orthodontics, Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - N Yoshida
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Khemiri H, Colangelo P, Chétoui M, Nouira S. Skull size and shape variation in Psammomys spp. (Rodentia, Gerbillinae) from Tunisia, with emphasis on the impact of allometric variation on species recognition. AFRICAN ZOOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/15627020.2016.1233828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanene Khemiri
- Laboratory of Animal Ecology, Department of Biology, Sciences Faculty of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Paolo Colangelo
- CNR, Istituto per lo studio degli Ecosistemi, Verbania-Pallanza, Italy
| | - M’barek Chétoui
- Laboratory of Animal Ecology, Department of Biology, Sciences Faculty of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Saïd Nouira
- Laboratory of Animal Ecology, Department of Biology, Sciences Faculty of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Martin SA, Alhajeri BH, Steppan SJ. Dietary adaptations in the teeth of murine rodents (Muridae): a test of biomechanical predictions. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A. Martin
- Department of Biological Science; Florida State University; Tallahassee FL 32306-4295 USA
- Biology Department; Austin Community College; Austin TX USA
| | - Bader H. Alhajeri
- Department of Biological Sciences; Kuwait University; Safat 13110 Kuwait
| | - Scott J. Steppan
- Department of Biological Science; Florida State University; Tallahassee FL 32306-4295 USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Shintaku Y, Motokawa M. Geographic Variation in Skull Morphology of the Large Japanese Field Mice, Apodemus speciosus (Rodentia: Muridae) Revealed by Geometric Morphometric Analysis. Zoolog Sci 2016; 33:132-45. [PMID: 27032678 DOI: 10.2108/zs150082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We analyzed geographic variation in skull morphology of the large Japanese field mouse (Apodemus speciosus) and determined changes in skull morphology that occurred during the evolutionary history of A. speciosus in relation to the estimated distribution range in the last glacial maximum (LGM). We analyzed 1,416 specimens from 78 localities using geometric morphometric techniques applied to the dorsal side of the cranium and mandible. While large variations within and among the populations in Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu were observed, geographic patterns were not observed. Hokkaido and peripheral island populations showed shared differentiation from the Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu populations with a larger skull and distinct mandible shape. In addition, these two groups also differed from each other in accumulated random shape variation. Common characteristics found in Hokkaido and peripheral island populations were considered to be the ancestral states, which were retained by geographic isolation from the main islands. Random variations in Hokkaido and the peripheral island populations were formed through stochastic processes in relation to their isolation. Characteristic morphologies widely found in the populations of Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu were considered to be derived states that expanded after separation from the peripheral islands. Complex geomorphology and a shift in distribution range related to climate change and altitudinal distribution are suggested to have formed the complex geographic variation in this species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Shintaku
- 1 Wildlife Research Center, Kyoto University, 2-24 Tanaka Sekidencho, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8203, Japan.,2 Japan Monkey Centre, 26 Kanrin, Inuyama, Aichi 484-0081, Japan
| | - Masaharu Motokawa
- 3 The Kyoto University Museum, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Abstract
Only three species of fossil murine have been described to date in Australia even though they are often found in fossil deposits and can be highly useful in understanding environmental change over time. Until now the genus Leggadina, a group of short-tailed mice that is particularly well adapted to an arid environment, was only known from two extant species: L. forresti and L. lakedownensis. Here two new fossil species of the genus are described from sites in northwestern Queensland. Leggadina gregoriensis sp. nov. comes from the Early Pleistocene Rackham’s Roost Site in the Riversleigh World Heritage Area and Leggadina macrodonta sp. nov. is from the Plio-Pleistocene Site 5C at Floraville Station. The evolution of the genus Leggadina and the lineage’s response to palaeoecological factors is considered. Taphonomy of the two fossil deposits is examined and shows marked differences in both faunal composition of the assemblages and preservation. Description of L. gregoriensis and L. macrodonta extends the known temporal range of the Leggadina lineage by over 2 million years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ada J Klinkhamer
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales , NSW , Australia
| | - Henk Godthelp
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales , NSW , Australia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
First Approach to the Paleobiology of Extinct Prospaniomys (Rodentia, Hystricognathi, Octodontoidea) Through Head Muscle Reconstruction and the Study of Craniomandibular Shape Variation. J MAMM EVOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10914-015-9291-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
23
|
Renaud S, Gomes Rodrigues H, Ledevin R, Pisanu B, Chapuis JL, Hardouin EA. Fast evolutionary response of house mice to anthropogenic disturbance on a Sub-Antarctic island. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Renaud
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive; UMR 5558; CNRS; Université Lyon 1; Université de Lyon; Campus de la Doua 69622 Villeurbanne France
| | | | - Ronan Ledevin
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive; UMR 5558; CNRS; Université Lyon 1; Université de Lyon; Campus de la Doua 69622 Villeurbanne France
| | - Benoît Pisanu
- Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation; UMR 7204; Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle; 61 rue Buffon CP 53 75005 Paris France
| | - Jean-Louis Chapuis
- Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation; UMR 7204; Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle; 61 rue Buffon CP 53 75005 Paris France
| | - Emilie A. Hardouin
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics; Max Planck Institute of Evolutionary Biology; August-Thienemann-Str. 2 24306 Plön Germany
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences; Faculty of Science and Technology; Bournemouth University; Christchurch House Talbot Campus Poole Dorset BH12 5BB UK
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Musser GG, Durden LA. Morphological and Geographic Definitions of the Sulawesian Shrew RatsEchiothrix leucura and E. centrosa(Muridae, Murinae), and Description of a New Species of Sucking Louse (Phthiraptera: Anoplura). BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY 2014. [DOI: 10.1206/871.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
25
|
Labonne G, Navarro N, Laffont R, Chateau-Smith C, Montuire S. Developmental integration in a functional unit: deciphering processes from adult dental morphology. Evol Dev 2014; 16:224-32. [DOI: 10.1111/ede.12085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gaëlle Labonne
- Laboratoire PALEVO; Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes; 6 bd Gabriel Dijon France
- UMR uB/CNRS 6282-Biogéosciences; Université de Bourgogne; 6 bd Gabriel Dijon France
| | - Nicolas Navarro
- Laboratoire PALEVO; Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes; 6 bd Gabriel Dijon France
- UMR uB/CNRS 6282-Biogéosciences; Université de Bourgogne; 6 bd Gabriel Dijon France
| | - Rémi Laffont
- UMR uB/CNRS 6282-Biogéosciences; Université de Bourgogne; 6 bd Gabriel Dijon France
| | | | - Sophie Montuire
- Laboratoire PALEVO; Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes; 6 bd Gabriel Dijon France
- UMR uB/CNRS 6282-Biogéosciences; Université de Bourgogne; 6 bd Gabriel Dijon France
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Souto-Lima RB, Millien V. The influence of environmental factors on the morphology of red-backed volesMyodes gapperi(Rodentia, Arvicolinae) in Québec and western Labrador. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo B. Souto-Lima
- Redpath Museum; McGill University; 859 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal QC Canada H3A 0C4
| | - Virginie Millien
- Redpath Museum; McGill University; 859 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal QC Canada H3A 0C4
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Baverstock H, Jeffery NS, Cobb SN. The morphology of the mouse masticatory musculature. J Anat 2013; 223:46-60. [PMID: 23692055 PMCID: PMC4487762 DOI: 10.1111/joa.12059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The mouse has been the dominant model organism in studies on the development, genetics and evolution of the mammalian skull and associated soft-tissue for decades. There is the potential to take advantage of this well studied model and the range of mutant, knockin and knockout organisms with diverse craniofacial phenotypes to investigate the functional significance of variation and the role of mechanical forces on the development of the integrated craniofacial skeleton and musculature by using computational mechanical modelling methods (e.g. finite element and multibody dynamic modelling). Currently, there are no detailed published data of the mouse masticatory musculature available. Here, using a combination of micro-dissection and non-invasive segmentation of iodine-enhanced micro-computed tomography, we document the anatomy, architecture and proportions of the mouse masticatory muscles. We report on the superficial masseter (muscle, tendon and pars reflecta), deep masseter, zygomaticomandibularis (anterior, posterior, infraorbital and tendinous parts), temporalis (lateral and medial parts), external and internal pterygoid muscles. Additionally, we report a lateral expansion of the attachment of the temporalis onto the zygomatic arch, which may play a role in stabilising this bone during downwards loading. The data presented in this paper now provide a detailed reference for phenotypic comparison in mouse models and allow the mouse to be used as a model organism in biomechanical and functional modelling and simulation studies of the craniofacial skeleton and particularly the masticatory system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hester Baverstock
- Centre for Anatomical and Human Sciences, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Koyabu D, Oshida T, Nguyen ST, Dang CN, Nguyen NX, Nguyen DX, Motokawa M, Kimura J, Sasaki M, Endo H. Comparison of Jaw Muscle Morphology in Two Sympatic Callosciurine Squirrels (Callosciurus ErythraeusandDremomys Rufigenis) in Vietnam. MAMMAL STUDY 2012. [DOI: 10.3106/041.037.0307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
29
|
Renaud S, Alibert P, Auffray JC. Modularity as a source of new morphological variation in the mandible of hybrid mice. BMC Evol Biol 2012; 12:141. [PMID: 22873779 PMCID: PMC3506452 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-12-141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2012] [Accepted: 07/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hybridization is often seen as a process dampening phenotypic differences accumulated between diverging evolutionary units. For a complex trait comprising several relatively independent modules, hybridization may however simply generate new phenotypes, by combining into a new mosaic modules inherited from each parental groups and parts intermediate with respect to the parental groups. We tested this hypothesis by studying mandible size and shape in a set of first and second generation hybrids resulting from inbred wild-derived laboratory strains documenting two subspecies of house mice, Musmusculus domesticus and Musmusculus musculus. Phenotypic variation of the mandible was divided into nested partitions of developmental, evolutionary and functional modules. Results The size and shape of the modules were differently influenced by hybridization. Some modules seemed to be the result of typical additive effects with hybrids intermediate between parents, some displayed a pattern expected in the case of monogenic dominance, whereas in other modules, hybrids were transgressive. The result is interpreted as the production of novel mandible morphologies. Beyond this modularity, modules in functional interaction tended to display significant covariations. Conclusions Modularity emerges as a source of novel morphological variation by its simple potential to combine different parts of the parental phenotypes into a novel offspring mosaic of modules. This effect is partly counterbalanced by bone remodeling insuring an integration of the mosaic mandible into a functional ensemble, adding a non-genetic component to the production of transgressive phenotypes in hybrids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Renaud
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, UMR 5558, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, 69622, Villeurbanne, France.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Hautier L, Lebrun R, Cox PG. Patterns of covariation in the masticatory apparatus of hystricognathous rodents: Implications for evolution and diversification. J Morphol 2012; 273:1319-37. [DOI: 10.1002/jmor.20061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2012] [Revised: 06/06/2012] [Accepted: 06/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
31
|
Cox PG, Rayfield EJ, Fagan MJ, Herrel A, Pataky TC, Jeffery N. Functional evolution of the feeding system in rodents. PLoS One 2012; 7:e36299. [PMID: 22558427 PMCID: PMC3338682 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0036299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The masticatory musculature of rodents has evolved to enable both gnawing at the incisors and chewing at the molars. In particular, the masseter muscle is highly specialised, having extended anteriorly to originate from the rostrum. All living rodents have achieved this masseteric expansion in one of three ways, known as the sciuromorph, hystricomorph and myomorph conditions. Here, we used finite element analysis (FEA) to investigate the biomechanical implications of these three morphologies, in a squirrel, guinea pig and rat. In particular, we wished to determine whether each of the three morphologies is better adapted for either gnawing or chewing. Results show that squirrels are more efficient at muscle-bite force transmission during incisor gnawing than guinea pigs, and that guinea pigs are more efficient at molar chewing than squirrels. This matches the known diet of nuts and seeds that squirrels gnaw, and of grasses that guinea pigs grind down with their molars. Surprisingly, results also indicate that rats are more efficient as well as more versatile feeders than both the squirrel and guinea pig. There seems to be no compromise in biting efficiency to accommodate the wider range of foodstuffs and the more general feeding behaviour adopted by rats. Our results show that the morphology of the skull and masticatory muscles have allowed squirrels to specialise as gnawers and guinea pigs as chewers, but that rats are high-performance generalists, which helps explain their overwhelming success as a group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philip G Cox
- Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Martinez-Maza C, Montes L, Lamrous H, Ventura J, Cubo J. Postnatal histomorphogenesis of the mandible in the house mouse. J Anat 2012; 220:472-83. [PMID: 22372819 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2012.01488.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The mandible of the house mouse, Mus musculus, is a model structure for the study of the development and evolution of complex morphological systems. This research describes the histomorphogenesis of the house mouse mandible and analyses its biological significance from the first to the eighth postnatal weeks. Histological data allowed us to test a hypothesis concerning modularity in this structure. We measured the bone growth rates by fluorescent labelling and identified the bone tissue types through microscopic analysis of histological cross-sections of the mandible during its postnatal development. The results provide evidence for a modular structure of the mouse mandible, as the alveolar region and the ascending ramus show histological differences throughout ontogeny. The alveolar region increases in length during the first two postnatal weeks by bone growth in the posterior region, while horizontally positioned incisors preclude bone growth in the anterior region. In the fourth postnatal week, growth dynamics shows a critical change. The alveolar region drifts laterally and the ramus becomes more vertical due to the medial growth direction of the coronoid region and the lateral growth of the ventral region of the ramus. Diet changes after weaning are probably involved in these morphological changes. In this way, the development of the masticatory muscles that insert on the ascending ramus may be particularly related to this shape modeling of the house mouse mandible.
Collapse
|
33
|
Cox PG, Fagan MJ, Rayfield EJ, Jeffery N. Finite element modelling of squirrel, guinea pig and rat skulls: using geometric morphometrics to assess sensitivity. J Anat 2011; 219:696-709. [PMID: 21974720 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2011.01436.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Rodents are defined by a uniquely specialized dentition and a highly complex arrangement of jaw-closing muscles. Finite element analysis (FEA) is an ideal technique to investigate the biomechanical implications of these specializations, but it is essential to understand fully the degree of influence of the different input parameters of the FE model to have confidence in the model's predictions. This study evaluates the sensitivity of FE models of rodent crania to elastic properties of the materials, loading direction, and the location and orientation of the models' constraints. Three FE models were constructed of squirrel, guinea pig and rat skulls. Each was loaded to simulate biting on the incisors, and the first and the third molars, with the angle of the incisal bite varied over a range of 45°. The Young's moduli of the bone and teeth components were varied between limits defined by findings from our own and previously published tests of material properties. Geometric morphometrics (GMM) was used to analyse the resulting skull deformations. Bone stiffness was found to have the strongest influence on the results in all three rodents, followed by bite position, and then bite angle and muscle orientation. Tooth material properties were shown to have little effect on the deformation of the skull. The effect of bite position varied between species, with the mesiodistal position of the biting tooth being most important in squirrels and guinea pigs, whereas bilateral vs. unilateral biting had the greatest influence in rats. A GMM analysis of isolated incisor deformations showed that, for all rodents, bite angle is the most important parameter, followed by elastic properties of the tooth. The results here elucidate which input parameters are most important when defining the FE models, but also provide interesting glimpses of the biomechanical differences between the three skulls, which will be fully explored in future publications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P G Cox
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Cox PG, Jeffery N. Reviewing the Morphology of the Jaw-Closing Musculature in Squirrels, Rats, and Guinea Pigs with Contrast-Enhanced MicroCt. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2011; 294:915-28. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.21381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2011] [Accepted: 02/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
35
|
Motor coordination of masseter and temporalis muscle during mastication in mice. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY & OCCLUSION MEDICINE 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s12548-011-0068-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
36
|
Ventura J, Casado-Cruz M. Post-weaning ontogeny of the mandible in fossorial water voles: ecological and evolutionary implications. ACTA ZOOL-STOCKHOLM 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-6395.2010.00449.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
37
|
FIRMAT CYRIL, RODRIGUES HELDERGOMES, RENAUD SABRINA, CLAUDE JULIEN, HUTTERER RAINER, GARCIA-TALAVERA FRANCISCO, MICHAUX JACQUES. Mandible morphology, dental microwear, and diet of the extinct giant rats Canariomys (Rodentia: Murinae) of the Canary Islands (Spain). Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2010.01488.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
38
|
Renaud S, Auffray JC. Adaptation and plasticity in insular evolution of the house mouse mandible. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0469.2009.00527.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
39
|
Wilson LAB, Sánchez-Villagra MR. Diversity trends and their ontogenetic basis: an exploration of allometric disparity in rodents. Proc Biol Sci 2010; 277:1227-34. [PMID: 20018789 PMCID: PMC2842816 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2009.1958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2009] [Accepted: 11/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been hypothesized that most morphological evolution occurs by allometric differentiation. Because rodents encapsulate a phenomenal amount of taxonomic diversity and, among several clades, contrasting levels of morphological diversity, they represent an excellent subject to address the question: how variable are allometric patterns during evolution? We investigated the influence of phylogenetic relations and ecological factors on the results of the first quantification of allometric disparity among rodents by exploring allometric space, a multivariate morphospace here derived from, and encapsulating all, the ontogenetic trajectories of 34 rodent species from two parallel phylogenetic radiations. Disparity was quantified using angles between ontogenetic trajectories for different species and clades. We found an overlapping occupation of allometric space by muroid and hystricognath species, revealing both clades possess similar abilities to evolve in different directions of phenotypic space, and anatomical diversity does not act to constrain the labile nature of allometric patterning. Morphological features to enable efficient processing of food serve to group rodents in allometric space, reflecting the importance of convergent morphology, rather than shared evolutionary history, in the generation of allometric patterns. Our results indicate that the conserved level of morphological integration found among primates cannot simply be extended to all mammals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura A B Wilson
- Paläontologisches Institut und Museum, Karl Schmid-Strasse 4, 8006 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Druzinsky RE. Functional anatomy of incisal biting in Aplodontia rufa and sciuromorph rodents - part 2: sciuromorphy is efficacious for production of force at the incisors. Cells Tissues Organs 2010; 192:50-63. [PMID: 20160427 PMCID: PMC2895760 DOI: 10.1159/000284930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The protrogomorph condition of the rodent masticatory apparatus is thought to be present in only one living species, the mountain beaver Aplodontia rufa. The major anatomical difference between protrogomorphs and sciuromorphs is that the relative size of one part of the masseter muscle, the anterior lateral masseter, is much greater in sciuromorphs than in protrogomorphs. The mechanics of force production at the incisors were compared in A. rufa and six sciuromorph rodents. Is the sciuroid masticatory apparatus more effective for production of forces at the incisors during biting than the primitive, protrogomorph condition? To answer this question, three measures of mechanical ability were employed and three hypotheses were tested: (1) the mechanical advantage of the adductor musculature is greater in sciuromorphs than in A. rufa; (2) the relative force produced at the incisors is greater in sciuromorphs than in A. rufa, and (3) the relative amount of force produced that can be used to drive the incisors into an object, is greater in sciuromorphs than in A. rufa. The results demonstrated that the protrogomorph, A. rufa, is not as efficient at generating bite forces at the incisors as the sciuromorphs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert E. Druzinsky
- Departments of Occupational and Physical Therapy, Governors State University, University Park, Ill., USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Koyabu DB, Oshida T, Dang NX, Can DN, Kimura J, Sasaki M, Motokawa M, Son NT, Hayashida A, Shintaku Y, Endo H. Craniodental mechanics and the feeding ecology of two sympatric callosciurine squirrels in Vietnam. J Zool (1987) 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.2009.00629.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
42
|
|
43
|
Renaud S, Alibert P, Auffray JC. Mandible shape in hybrid mice. Naturwissenschaften 2009; 96:1043-50. [PMID: 19504055 DOI: 10.1007/s00114-009-0563-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2009] [Revised: 05/13/2009] [Accepted: 05/14/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Hybridisation between closely related species is frequently seen as retarding evolutionary divergence and can also promote it by creating novel phenotypes due to new genetic combinations and developmental interactions. We therefore investigated how hybridisation affects the shape of the mouse mandible, a well-known feature in evo-devo studies. Parental groups corresponded to two strains of the European mouse sub-species Mus musculus domesticus and Mus musculus musculus. Parents and hybrids were bred in controlled conditions. The mandibles of F(1) hybrids are mostly intermediate between parental phenotypes as expected for a complex multigenic character. Nevertheless, a transgressive effect as well as an increased phenotypic variance characterise the hybrids. This suggests that hybridisation between the two subspecies could lead to a higher phenotypic variance due to complex interactions among the parental genomes including non-additive genetic effects. The major direction of variance is conserved, however, among hybrids and parent groups. Hybridisation may thus play a role in the production of original transgressive phenotypes occurring following pre-existing patterns of variance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Renaud
- Paléoenvironnement et Paléobiosphère, UMR 5125 CNRS, Université Lyon 1, Bâtiment Géode, 2 Rue Dubois, Campus de la Doua, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Tokita M, Schneider RA. Developmental origins of species-specific muscle pattern. Dev Biol 2009; 331:311-25. [PMID: 19450573 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2009.05.548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2009] [Revised: 05/12/2009] [Accepted: 05/12/2009] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Vertebrate jaw muscle anatomy is conspicuously diverse but developmental processes that generate such variation remain relatively obscure. To identify mechanisms that produce species-specific jaw muscle pattern we conducted transplant experiments using Japanese quail and White Pekin duck, which exhibit considerably different jaw morphologies in association with their particular modes of feeding. Previous work indicates that cranial muscle formation requires interactions with adjacent skeletal and muscular connective tissues, which arise from neural crest mesenchyme. We transplanted neural crest mesenchyme from quail to duck embryos, to test if quail donor-derived skeletal and muscular connective tissues could confer species-specific identity to duck host jaw muscles. Our results show that duck host jaw muscles acquire quail-like shape and attachment sites due to the presence of quail donor neural crest-derived skeletal and muscular connective tissues. Further, we find that these species-specific transformations are preceded by spatiotemporal changes in expression of genes within skeletal and muscular connective tissues including Sox9, Runx2, Scx, and Tcf4, but not by alterations to histogenic or molecular programs underlying muscle differentiation or specification. Thus, neural crest mesenchyme plays an essential role in generating species-specific jaw muscle pattern and in promoting structural and functional integration of the musculoskeletal system during evolution.
Collapse
|
45
|
Structure and direction of jaw adductor muscles as herbivorous adaptations in Neotoma mexicana (Muridae, Rodentia). ZOOMORPHOLOGY 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s00435-009-0094-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
46
|
Satoh K, Iwaku F. Foramen magnum angle and its effect on visual field in two Apodemus murids. MAMMAL STUDY 2008. [DOI: 10.3106/1348-6160-33.4.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
47
|
Satoh K, Iwaku F. Masticatory muscle architecture in a murine murid, Rattus rattus, and its functional significance. MAMMAL STUDY 2008. [DOI: 10.3106/1348-6160(2008)33[35:mmaiam]2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
48
|
RENAUD SABRINA, MILLIEN VIRGINIE. Intra- and interspecific morphological variation in the field mouse species Apodemus argenteus and A. speciosus in the Japanese archipelago: the role of insular isolation and biogeographic gradients. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2001.tb01413.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
49
|
Matocq MD, Murphy PJ. FINE-SCALE PHENOTYPIC CHANGE ACROSS A SPECIES TRANSITION ZONE IN THE GENUS NEOTOMA: DISENTANGLING INDEPENDENT EVOLUTION FROM PHYLOGENETIC HISTORY. Evolution 2007; 61:2544-57. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2007.00215.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
50
|
Renaud S, Chevret P, Michaux J. Morphological vs. molecular evolution: ecology and phylogeny both shape the mandible of rodents. ZOOL SCR 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-6409.2007.00297.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|