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Gegenfurtner K, Flenkenthaler F, Fröhlich T, Wolf E, Arnold GJ. The impact of transcription inhibition during in vitro maturation on the proteome of bovine oocytes†. Biol Reprod 2020; 103:1000-1011. [PMID: 32856698 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioaa149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Proper oocyte maturation is a prerequisite for successful reproduction and requires the resumption of meiosis to the metaphase II stage (MII). In bovine oocytes, nuclear maturation has been shown to occur in in vitro maturing cumulus-enclosed oocytes (COCs) in the absence of transcription, but their developmental capacity is reduced compared to transcriptionally competent COCs. To assess the impact of transcription during in vitro maturation of bovine COCs on the quantitative oocyte proteome, a holistic nano-LC-MS/MS analysis of germinal vesicle oocytes and MII oocytes matured with or without addition of the transcription inhibitor actinomycin D (ActD) was carried out. Analyzing eight biological replicates for each of the three groups, a total of 2018 proteins was identified. These could be clearly classified into proteins depending or not depending on transcription during oocyte maturation. Proteins whose abundance increased after maturation irrespective of transcription inhibition - and hence independent of transcription - were related to the cell cycle, reflecting the progression of meiosis, and to cellular component organization, which is crucial for cytoplasmic maturation. In contrast, transcription-dependent proteins were associated with cell-cell adhesion and translation. Since a high rate of protein synthesis in oocytes has been shown to correlate with their developmental competence, oocyte maturation in transcriptionally impaired COCs is apparently disturbed. Our experiments reveal that impaired transcription during in vitro maturation of COCs has a substantial effect on specific components of the oocyte proteome, and that transcription is required for specific classes of oocyte proteins predominantly involved in translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Gegenfurtner
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Flenkenthaler
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Fröhlich
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Eckhard Wolf
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, LMU Munich, Germany.,Department of Veterinary Sciences, Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, LMU Munich, Germany.,Center for Innovative Medical Models (CiMM), LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Georg J Arnold
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, LMU Munich, Germany
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Anitha A, Gupta YR, Deepa S, Ningappa M, Rajanna KB, Senthilkumaran B. Gonadal transcriptome analysis of the common carp, Cyprinus carpio: Identification of differentially expressed genes and SSRs. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2019; 279:67-77. [PMID: 30571963 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) is a world-wide freshwater fish of eutrophic waters. C. carpio, have various reproductive traits, including early sexual maturity, that may make them excellent, large, realistic, aquaculture model species. In the present work, de novo assembly of gonadal (testicular and ovarian) transcriptomes from juvenile common carp was performed to identify genes involved in gonadal development. A total of 81,757 and 43,257 transcripts with average lengths of 769 and 856 bp, were obtained from the immature testicular and ovarian transcriptomes, respectively. About 84,367 unigenes were constructed after removing redundancy involving representation of transcripts in both gonadal transcriptomes. Gene ontology (39,171 unigenes), clusters of orthologous group's analysis (6651 unigenes) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes, and genomes automatic annotation server analysis (4783 unigenes) were performed to identify potential genes along with their functions. Furthermore, 18,342 (testis) and 8693 (ovary) simple sequence repeats were identified. About 298 differentially expressed genes were identified, of which 171 and 127 genes were up-regulated in testis and ovary, respectively. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR was performed to validate differential expression of selected genes in testis and ovary. Nearly 809 genes related to reproduction were identified, sex-wise expression pattern of genes related to steroid synthesis, endocrine regulation, germ cell maintenance and others factors related to gonadal differentiation was observed, and expression analysis of nanos, ad4bp/sf-1, and gdf9 was performed. The present study identified certain important genes/factors involved in the gonadal development of C. carpio which may provide insights into the understanding of sex-differentiation and gonadal development processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arumugam Anitha
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, P.O. Central University, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Yugantak-Raj Gupta
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, P.O. Central University, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Seetharam Deepa
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, P.O. Central University, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Manjappa Ningappa
- Fisheries Research and Information Center (KVAFSU), Hesaraghatta Lake Post, Hesaraghatta, Bengaluru 560 089, India
| | - Karani Boraiah Rajanna
- KVAFSU, 10th cross, Mayura street, Papanna layout, Hebbal outer ring road, Bengaluru 560 089, India
| | - Balasubramanian Senthilkumaran
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, P.O. Central University, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India.
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Deutsch DR, Fröhlich T, Otte KA, Beck A, Habermann FA, Wolf E, Arnold GJ. Stage-Specific Proteome Signatures in Early Bovine Embryo Development. J Proteome Res 2014; 13:4363-76. [DOI: 10.1021/pr500550t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela R. Deutsch
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis LAFUGA, Gene Center, ‡Molecular Animal Breeding
and Biotechnology, Department of Veterinary Sciences and Gene Center, and §Institute of Anatomy,
Histology and Embryology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Thomas Fröhlich
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis LAFUGA, Gene Center, ‡Molecular Animal Breeding
and Biotechnology, Department of Veterinary Sciences and Gene Center, and §Institute of Anatomy,
Histology and Embryology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Kathrin A. Otte
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis LAFUGA, Gene Center, ‡Molecular Animal Breeding
and Biotechnology, Department of Veterinary Sciences and Gene Center, and §Institute of Anatomy,
Histology and Embryology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Andrea Beck
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis LAFUGA, Gene Center, ‡Molecular Animal Breeding
and Biotechnology, Department of Veterinary Sciences and Gene Center, and §Institute of Anatomy,
Histology and Embryology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Felix A. Habermann
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis LAFUGA, Gene Center, ‡Molecular Animal Breeding
and Biotechnology, Department of Veterinary Sciences and Gene Center, and §Institute of Anatomy,
Histology and Embryology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Eckhard Wolf
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis LAFUGA, Gene Center, ‡Molecular Animal Breeding
and Biotechnology, Department of Veterinary Sciences and Gene Center, and §Institute of Anatomy,
Histology and Embryology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Georg J. Arnold
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis LAFUGA, Gene Center, ‡Molecular Animal Breeding
and Biotechnology, Department of Veterinary Sciences and Gene Center, and §Institute of Anatomy,
Histology and Embryology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich 81377, Germany
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An ovary transcriptome for all maturational stages of the striped bass (Morone saxatilis), a highly advanced perciform fish. BMC Res Notes 2012; 5:111. [PMID: 22353237 PMCID: PMC3305648 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-5-111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2011] [Accepted: 02/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The striped bass and its relatives (genus Morone) are important fisheries and aquaculture species native to estuaries and rivers of the Atlantic coast and Gulf of Mexico in North America. To open avenues of gene expression research on reproduction and breeding of striped bass, we generated a collection of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from a complementary DNA (cDNA) library representative of their ovarian transcriptome. Results Sequences of a total of 230,151 ESTs (51,259,448 bp) were acquired by Roche 454 pyrosequencing of cDNA pooled from ovarian tissues obtained at all stages of oocyte growth, at ovulation (eggs), and during preovulatory atresia. Quality filtering of ESTs allowed assembly of 11,208 high-quality contigs ≥ 100 bp, including 2,984 contigs 500 bp or longer (average length 895 bp). Blastx comparisons revealed 5,482 gene orthologues (E-value < 10-3), of which 4,120 (36.7% of total contigs) were annotated with Gene Ontology terms (E-value < 10-6). There were 5,726 remaining unknown unique sequences (51.1% of total contigs). All of the high-quality EST sequences are available in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Short Read Archive (GenBank: SRX007394). Informative contigs were considered to be abundant if they were assembled from groups of ESTs comprising ≥ 0.15% of the total short read sequences (≥ 345 reads/contig). Approximately 52.5% of these abundant contigs were predicted to have predominant ovary expression through digital differential display in silico comparisons to zebrafish (Danio rerio) UniGene orthologues. Over 1,300 Gene Ontology terms from Biological Process classes of Reproduction, Reproductive process, and Developmental process were assigned to this collection of annotated contigs. Conclusions This first large reference sequence database available for the ecologically and economically important temperate basses (genus Morone) provides a foundation for gene expression studies in these species. The predicted predominance of ovary gene expression and assignment of directly relevant Gene Ontology classes suggests a powerful utility of this dataset for analysis of ovarian gene expression related to fundamental questions of oogenesis. Additionally, a high definition Agilent 60-mer oligo ovary 'UniClone' microarray with 8 × 15,000 probe format has been designed based on this striped bass transcriptome (eArray Group: Striper Group, Design ID: 029004).
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Lachkar S, Lebois M, Steinmetz MO, Guichet A, Lal N, Curmi PA, Sobel A, Ozon S. Drosophila stathmins bind tubulin heterodimers with high and variable stoichiometries. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:11667-80. [PMID: 20145240 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.096727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In vertebrates, stathmins form a family of proteins possessing two tubulin binding repeats (TBRs), which each binds one soluble tubulin heterodimer. The stathmins thus sequester two tubulins in a phosphorylation-dependent manner, providing a link between signal transduction and microtubule dynamics. In Drosophila, we show here that a single stathmin gene (stai) encodes a family of D-stathmin proteins. Two of the D-stathmins are maternally deposited and then restricted to germ cells, and the other two are detected in the nervous system during embryo development. Like in vertebrates, the nervous system-enriched stathmins contain an N-terminal domain involved in subcellular targeting. All the D-stathmins possess a domain containing three or four predicted TBRs, and we demonstrate here, using complementary biochemical and biophysical methods, that all four predicted TBR domains actually bind tubulin. D-stathmins can indeed bind up to four tubulins, the resulting complex being directly visualized by electron microscopy. Phylogenetic analysis shows that the presence of regulated multiple tubulin sites is a conserved characteristic of stathmins in invertebrates and allows us to predict key residues in stathmin for the binding of tubulin. Altogether, our results reveal that the single Drosophila stathmin gene codes for a stathmin family similar to the multigene vertebrate one, but with particular tubulin binding properties.
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Giampietro C, Luzzati F, Gambarotta G, Giacobini P, Boda E, Fasolo A, Perroteau I. Stathmin expression modulates migratory properties of GN-11 neurons in vitro. Endocrinology 2005; 146:1825-34. [PMID: 15625246 DOI: 10.1210/en.2004-0972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Expression of stathmin, a microtubule-associated cytoplasmic protein, prominently localized in neuroproliferative zones and neuronal migration pathways in brain, was investigated in the GnRH neuroendocrine system in vivo and the function was analyzed using an in vitro approach. Here we present novel data demonstrating that GnRH migrating neurons in nasal regions and basal forebrain areas of mouse embryos express stathmin protein. In addition, this expression pattern is dependent on location, as GnRH neurons reaching the hypothalamus are stathmin negative. Immortalized GN-11 cells, which retain many characteristics of migrating GnRH neurons, strongly express stathmin mRNA and protein. The role of stathmin in GnRH migratory properties was evaluated using GN-11 cell line. We up-regulated [stathmin-transfected clones (STMN)+] and down-regulated (STMN-) the expression of stathmin in GN-11 cells, and we investigated changes in cell morphology and motility in vitro. Cells overexpressing stathmin assume a spindle-shaped morphology and their proliferation, as well as their motility, is higher with respect to parental cells. Furthermore, they do not aggregate and express low levels of cadherins compared with control cells. STMN- GN-11 cells are endowed with multipolar processes, and they show a decreased motility and express high levels of cadherin protein. Our findings suggest that stathmin plays a permissive role in GnRH cell motility, possibly via modulation of cadherins expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Costanza Giampietro
- Department of Human and Animal Biology, University of Torino, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123 Torino, Italy
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Tamura K, Hara T, Yoshie M, Irie S, Sobel A, Kogo H. Enhanced expression of uterine stathmin during the process of implantation and decidualization in rats. Endocrinology 2003; 144:1464-73. [PMID: 12639930 DOI: 10.1210/en.2002-220834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We used the library subtraction technique to identify genes specifically expressed in the rat uterus during early pregnancy. One such gene was that for stathmin, a factor that is associated with tubulin binding and the destabilization of microtubules. Stathmin was expressed at higher levels in implantation sites than in interimplantation sites on d 6 and 7 of pregnancy; the levels on d 6 and 7 were higher in implantation sites than in the entire uterus on d 3-5 of pregnancy or in nonpregnant uteri. Intense expression of stathmin mRNA was primarily limited to the subluminal stromal cells at the implantation site. Expression was also detected in the decidual zones and was accentuated during the period of decidualization (d 7-12). In the delayed implantation pregnant rat model, uterine stathmin expression was low, but increased after implantation induced by administration of 17beta-estradiol to the progesterone-primed animal. Further, decidualization in the pseudopregnant rat, induced by intrauterine infusion of oil, enhanced stathmin expression. Stathmin expression clearly increases in the uterus when stimulated by embryo implantation and decidualization and may play a role in the early stages of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Tamura
- Department of Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Science, Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
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Ozon S, Guichet A, Gavet O, Roth S, Sobel A. Drosophila stathmin: a microtubule-destabilizing factor involved in nervous system formation. Mol Biol Cell 2002; 13:698-710. [PMID: 11854423 PMCID: PMC65660 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.01-07-0362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Stathmin is a ubiquitous regulatory phosphoprotein, the generic element of a family of neural phosphoproteins in vertebrates that possess the capacity to bind tubulin and interfere with microtubule dynamics. Although stathmin and the other proteins of the family have been associated with numerous cell regulations, their biological roles remain elusive, as in particular inactivation of the stathmin gene in the mouse resulted in no clear deleterious phenotype. We identified stathmin phosphoproteins in Drosophila, encoded by a unique gene sharing the intron/exon structure of the vertebrate stathmin and stathmin family genes. They interfere with microtubule assembly in vitro, and in vivo when expressed in HeLa cells. Drosophila stathmin expression is regulated during embryogenesis: it is high in the migrating germ cells and in the central and peripheral nervous systems, a pattern resembling that of mammalian stathmin. Furthermore, RNA interference inactivation of Drosophila stathmin expression resulted in germ cell migration arrest at stage 14. It also induced important anomalies in nervous system development, such as loss of commissures and longitudinal connectives in the ventral cord, or abnormal chordotonal neuron organization. In conclusion, a single Drosophila gene encodes phosphoproteins homologous to the entire vertebrate stathmin family. We demonstrate for the first time their direct involvement in major biological processes such as development of the reproductive and nervous systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Ozon
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U440-Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Institut du Fer à Moulin, 75005 Paris, France
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