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Shah SZH, Zhenyu D, Aabdin Z, Tjiu WW, Recatala-Gomez J, Dai H, Xiaoping Y, Maheswar RDV, Wu G, Hippalgaonkar K, Nandhakumar I, Kumar P. Oxidation Control to Augment Interfacial Charge Transport in Te-P3HT Hybrid Materials for High Thermoelectric Performance. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2400802. [PMID: 39044364 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202400802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic hybrid thermoelectric (TE) materials have attracted tremendous interest for harvesting waste heat energy. Due to their mechanical flexibility, inorganic-organic hybrid TE materials are considered to be promising candidates for flexible energy harvesting devices. In this work, enhanced TE properties of Tellurium (Te) nanowires (NWs)- poly (3-hexylthiophene-2, 5-diyl) (P3HT) hybrid materials are reported by improving the charge transport at interfacial layer mediated via controlled oxidation. A power factor of ≈9.8 µW (mK2)-1 is obtained at room temperature for oxidized P3HT-TeNWs hybrid materials, which increases to ≈64.8 µW (mK2)-1 upon control of TeNWs oxidation. This value is sevenfold higher compared to P3HT-TeNWs-based hybrid materials reported in the literature. MD simulation reveals that oxidation-free TeNWs demonstrate better templating for P3HT polymer compared to oxidized TeNWs. The Kang-Snyder model is used to study the charge transport in these hybrid materials. A large σE0 value is obtained which is related to better templating of P3HT on oxygen-free TeNWs. This work provides evidence that oxidation control of TeNWs is critical for better interface-driven charge transport, which enhances the thermoelectric properties of TeNWs-P3HT hybrid materials. This work provides a new avenue to improve the thermoelectric properties of a new class of hybrid thermoelectric materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Zulfiqar Hussain Shah
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138634, Singapore
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Ding Zhenyu
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, No.96, JinZhai Road Baohe District, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zainul Aabdin
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Weng Weei Tjiu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Jose Recatala-Gomez
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Block N4.1, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Haiwen Dai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Block N4.1, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yang Xiaoping
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, No.96, JinZhai Road Baohe District, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Repaka Durga Venkata Maheswar
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Gang Wu
- Institute of High-Performance Computing, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138632, Singapore
| | - Kedar Hippalgaonkar
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138634, Singapore
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Block N4.1, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Iris Nandhakumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Pawan Kumar
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138634, Singapore
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Additive Manufacturing of Bulk Thermoelectric Architectures: A Review. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15093121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Additive manufacturing offers several opportunities for thermoelectric energy harvesting systems. This new manufacturing approach enables customized leg geometries, minimized thermal boundary resistances, less retooling, reduced thermoelectric material waste, and strong potential to manipulate microstructure for higher values of figure of merit. Although additive manufacturing has been used to fabricate thin thermoelectric films, there has been comparatively limited demonstrations of additive manufacturing for bulk thermoelectric structures. This review provides insights about the current progress of bulk thermoelectric material and device additive manufacturing. Each additive manufacturing technique used to produce bulk thermoelectric structures is discussed in detail along with future directions and challenges.
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Moini N, Jahandideh A, Shahkarami F, Kabiri K, Piri F. Linear and star-shaped π-conjugated oligoanilines: a review on molecular design in syntheses and properties. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00038e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Molecular Design and Synthesis of Linear and Star-shaped π-conjugated Oligoanilines with reversible optoelectrochemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Moini
- Adhesive and Resin Department, Polymer Processing Faculty, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute (IPPI), P.O. Box 14975-112, Tehran, Iran
| | - A. Jahandideh
- Adhesive and Resin Department, Polymer Processing Faculty, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute (IPPI), P.O. Box 14975-112, Tehran, Iran
- Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - F. Shahkarami
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, 45371-38791, Iran
| | - K. Kabiri
- Adhesive and Resin Department, Polymer Processing Faculty, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute (IPPI), P.O. Box 14975-112, Tehran, Iran
- Biobased Monomers and Polymers Division (BIOBASED Division), Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute (IPPI), P.O. Box 14965-115, Tehran, Iran
| | - F. Piri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, 45371-38791, Iran
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Chatterjee K, Ghosh TK. Thermoelectric Materials for Textile Applications. Molecules 2021; 26:3154. [PMID: 34070466 PMCID: PMC8197455 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Since prehistoric times, textiles have served an important role-providing necessary protection and comfort. Recently, the rise of electronic textiles (e-textiles) as part of the larger efforts to develop smart textiles, has paved the way for enhancing textile functionalities including sensing, energy harvesting, and active heating and cooling. Recent attention has focused on the integration of thermoelectric (TE) functionalities into textiles-making fabrics capable of either converting body heating into electricity (Seebeck effect) or conversely using electricity to provide next-to-skin heating/cooling (Peltier effect). Various TE materials have been explored, classified broadly into (i) inorganic, (ii) organic, and (iii) hybrid organic-inorganic. TE figure-of-merit (ZT) is commonly used to correlate Seebeck coefficient, electrical and thermal conductivity. For textiles, it is important to think of appropriate materials not just in terms of ZT, but also whether they are flexible, conformable, and easily processable. Commercial TEs usually compromise rigid, sometimes toxic, inorganic materials such as bismuth and lead. For textiles, organic and hybrid TE materials are more appropriate. Carbon-based TE materials have been especially attractive since graphene and carbon nanotubes have excellent transport properties with easy modifications to create TE materials with high ZT and textile compatibility. This review focuses on flexible TE materials and their integration into textiles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tushar K. Ghosh
- Department of Textile Engineering, Chemistry and Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA;
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5
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Kang H, Xu L, Cai Y, Liu Y, Jiang F, Xu J, Zhou W. Using boronic acid functionalization to simultaneously enhance electrical conductivity and thermoelectric performance of free-standing polythiophene film. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.110208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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6
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Yemata TA, Zheng Y, Kyaw AKK, Wang X, Song J, Chin WS, Xu J. Improved Thermoelectric Properties and Environmental Stability of Conducting PEDOT:PSS Films Post-treated With Imidazolium Ionic Liquids. Front Chem 2020; 7:870. [PMID: 31970148 PMCID: PMC6960405 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is one of the most popular conducting polymers and widely used as polymer thermoelectric materials, and its thermoelectric performance could be improved by a variety of post-treatment processes. This paper reported two series of post-treatment methods to enhance the thermoelectric performance. The first series method included pre-treatment of PEDOT:PSS film with formamide, followed by imidazolium-based ionic liquids. The second series method included pre-treatment of PEDOT:PSS film with formamide, followed by sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate, and finally imidazolium-based ionic liquids. Two series of post-treatment methods significantly improved the power factor of PEDOT:PSS when compared to that of PEDOT:PSS treated with formamide only. For example, using the first series post-treatment method with 40 vol.% ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) amide, the Seebeck coefficient of the PEDOT:PSS film increased from 14.9 to 28.5 μV/K although the electrical conductivity reduced from 2,873 to 1,701 S/cm, resulting in a substantial improvement in the overall power factor from 63.6 to 137.8 μW/K2m. The electrical conductivity enhancement in the formamide-treatment process was in part ascribed to the removal of the insulating PSS component. Further treatment of PEDOT:PSS film with ionic liquid caused dedoping of PEDOT and hence increased in Seebeck coefficient. In contrast, second series post-treatment method led to the reduction in electrical conductivity from 2,873 to 641 S/cm but a big improvement in the Seebeck coefficient from 14.9 to 61.1 μV/K and thus the overall power factor reached up to ~239.2 μW/K2m. Apart from the improvement in electrical conductivity, the increase in Seebeck coefficient is on account of the substantial dedoping of PEDOT polymer to its neutral form and thus leads to the big improvement of its Seebeck coefficient. The environmental stability of ionic liquid-treated PEDOT:PSS films were examined. It was found that the ionic liquid treated PEDOT:PSS retained more than 70% Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity at 75% RH humidity and 70°C for 480 h. The improved long-term TE stability is attributed to the strong ionic interaction between sulfonate anions and bulky imidazolium cations that effectively block the penetration of water and lessen the tendency to take up water from the air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Temesgen Atnafu Yemata
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yun Zheng
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Aung Ko Ko Kyaw
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xizu Wang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jing Song
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wee Shong Chin
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jianwei Xu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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7
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Zhu Q, Yildirim E, Wang X, Soo XYD, Zheng Y, Tan TL, Wu G, Yang SW, Xu J. Improved Alignment of PEDOT:PSS Induced by in-situ Crystallization of "Green" Dimethylsulfone Molecules to Enhance the Polymer Thermoelectric Performance. Front Chem 2019; 7:783. [PMID: 31803719 PMCID: PMC6873659 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dimethylsulfone (DMSO2), a small organic molecule, was observed to induce the alignment of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) via in-situ crystallization in PEDOT:PSS mixture, which was verified by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). A chemically stable dopant, DMSO2, remarkably raised the electrical conductivity of the PEDOT:PSS film, which was fabricated from pre-mixed solution of PEDOT:PSS and DMSO2, up to 1080 S/cm, and more importantly, such a PEDOT:PSS film showed a long-term humidity stability and it retained near 90% electric conductivity after 60 days, suggesting DMSO2 is promising for an eco-friendly alternative to replace dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), ethylene glycol (EG) and various acids dopants that have been widely employed to dope and post-treat PEDOT:PSS. Pairwise interaction energies and free energy of solvation between PEDOT:PSS and DMSO2 were calculated by first-principles and molecular mechanics, respectively, revealing the mechanism of DMSO2 in enhancing the electrical conductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, ASTAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Erol Yildirim
- Institute of High Performance Computing, ASTAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xizu Wang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, ASTAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiang Yun Debbie Soo
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, ASTAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yun Zheng
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, ASTAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Teck Leong Tan
- Institute of High Performance Computing, ASTAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gang Wu
- Institute of High Performance Computing, ASTAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shuo-Wang Yang
- Institute of High Performance Computing, ASTAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jianwei Xu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, ASTAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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8
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Sterby M, Emanuelsson R, Mamedov F, Strømme M, Sjödin M. Investigating electron transport in a PEDOT/Quinone conducting redox polymer with in situ methods. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.03.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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9
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One-Dimensional Nanostructure Engineering of Conducting Polymers for Thermoelectric Applications. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9071422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The past few decades have witnessed considerable progress of conducting polymer-based organic thermoelectric materials due to their significant advantages over the traditional inorganic materials. The nanostructure engineering and performance investigation of these conducting polymers for thermoelectric applications have received considerable interest but have not been well documented. This review gives an outline of the synthesis of various one-dimensional (1D) structured conducting polymers as well as the strategies for hybridization with other nanomaterials or polymers. The thermoelectric performance enhancement of these materials in association with the unique morphologies and structures are discussed. Finally, perspectives and suggestions for the future research based on these interesting nanostructuring methodologies for improvement of thermoelectric materials are also presented.
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10
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Yao CJ, Zhang HL, Zhang Q. Recent Progress in Thermoelectric Materials Based on Conjugated Polymers. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E107. [PMID: 30960091 PMCID: PMC6401909 DOI: 10.3390/polym11010107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic thermoelectric (TE) materials can directly convert heat to electricity, and they are emerging as new materials for energy harvesting and cooling technologies. The performance of TE materials mainly depends on the properties of materials, including the Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and thermal stability. Traditional TE materials are mostly based on low-bandgap inorganic compounds, such as bismuth chalcogenide, lead telluride, and tin selenide, while organic materials as promising TE materials are attracting more and more attention because of their intrinsic advantages, including cost-effectiveness, easy processing, low density, low thermal conductivity, and high flexibility. However, to meet the requirements of practical applications, the performance of organic TE materials needs much improvement. A variety of efforts have been made to enhance the performance of organic TE materials, including the modification of molecular structure, and chemical or electrochemical doping. In this review, we summarize recent progress in organic TE materials, and discuss the feasible strategies for enhancing the properties of organic TE materials for future energy-harvesting applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Jiang Yao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (Singapore), Singapore 639798, Singapore.
| | - Hao-Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Tianshui Southern Road 222, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Qichun Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (Singapore), Singapore 639798, Singapore.
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11
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Maity S, Sepay N, Kulsi C, Kool A, Das S, Banerjee D, Chatterjee K. Enhancement of Thermoelectric Performance in Oligomeric PEDOT-SWCNT Nanocomposite via Band Gap Tuning. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201801384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Maity
- Department of Physics; Jadavpur University; Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Nayim Sepay
- Department of Chemistry; Jadavpur University; Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Chiranjit Kulsi
- Department of Physics; IIEST, Shibpur, Howrah; West Bengal 711103 India
| | - Arpan Kool
- Department of Physics; Techno India University, Sector-V, Salt Lake; Kolkata-700091 India
| | - Sukhen Das
- Department of Physics; Jadavpur University; Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Dipali Banerjee
- Department of Physics; IIEST, Shibpur, Howrah; West Bengal 711103 India
| | - Krishanu Chatterjee
- Department of Physics; Techno India University, Sector-V, Salt Lake; Kolkata-700091 India
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12
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Thin Film Thermoelectric Materials: Classification, Characterization, and Potential for Wearable Applications. COATINGS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings8070244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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13
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Abstract
Living subjects (i.e., humans and animals) have abundant sources of energy in chemical, thermal, and mechanical forms. The use of these energies presents a viable way to overcome the battery capacity limitation that constrains the long-term operation of wearable/implantable devices. The intersection of novel materials and fabrication techniques offers boundless possibilities for the benefit of human health and well-being via various types of energy harvesters. This review summarizes the existing approaches that have been demonstrated to harvest energy from the bodies of living subjects for self-powered electronics. We present material choices, device layouts, and operation principles of these energy harvesters with a focus on in vivo applications. We discuss a broad range of energy harvesters placed in or on various body parts of human and animal models. We conclude with an outlook of future research in which the integration of various energy harvesters with advanced electronics can provide a new platform for the development of novel technologies for disease diagnostics, treatment, and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canan Dagdeviren
- Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139; .,Harvard Society of Fellows, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
| | - Zhou Li
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332;
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14
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Hong S, Cannon FS, Hou P, Byrne T, Nieto-Delgado C. Adsorptive removal of sulfate from acid mine drainage by polypyrrole modified activated carbons: Effects of polypyrrole deposition protocols and activated carbon source. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 184:429-437. [PMID: 28618275 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Polypyrrole modified activated carbon was used to remove sulfate from acid mine drainage water. The polypyrrole modified activated carbon created positively charged functionality that offered elevated sorption capacity for sulfate. The effects of the activated carbon type, approach of polymerization, preparation temperature, solvent, and concentration of oxidant solution over the sulfate adsorption capacity were studied at an array of initial sulfate concentrations. A hardwood based activated carbon was the more favorable activated carbon template, and this offered better sulfate removal than when using bituminous based activated carbon or oak wood activated carbon as the template. The hardwood-based activated carbon modified with polypyrrole removed 44.7 mg/g sulfate, and this was five times higher than for the pristine hardwood-based activated carbon. Various protocols for depositing the polypyrrole onto the activated carbon were investigated. When ferric chloride was used as an oxidant, the deposition protocol that achieved the most N+ atomic percent (3.35%) while also maintaining the least oxygen atomic percent (6.22%) offered the most favorable sulfate removal. For the rapid small scale column tests, when processing the AMD water, hardwood-based activated carbon modified with poly pyrrole exhibited 33 bed volume compared to the 5 bed volume of pristine activated carbons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Hong
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States; School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Fred S Cannon
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States
| | - Pin Hou
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tim Byrne
- Ingevity, 5255 Virginia Ave, North Charleston, SC 29406, United States
| | - Cesar Nieto-Delgado
- Environmental Science Division, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, IPICyT, Camino a la Presa San Jose 2055, San Luis Potosí, SLP 78216, Mexico
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15
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Li J, Du Y, Jia R, Xu J, Shen SZ. Thermoelectric Properties of Flexible PEDOT:PSS/Polypyrrole/Paper Nanocomposite Films. MATERIALS 2017; 10:ma10070780. [PMID: 28773141 PMCID: PMC5551823 DOI: 10.3390/ma10070780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Flexible poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)/polypyrrole/paper (PEDOT:PSS/PPy/paper) thermoelectric (TE) nanocomposite films were prepared by a two-step method: first, PPy/paper nanocomposite films were prepared by an in situ chemical polymerization process, and second, PEDOT:PSS/PPy/paper TE composite films were fabricated by coating the as-prepared PPy/paper nanocomposite films using a dimethyl sulfoxide-doped PEDOT:PSS solution. Both the electrical conductivity and the Seebeck coefficient of the PEDOT:PSS/PPy/paper TE nanocomposite films were greatly enhanced from 0.06 S/cm to ~0.365 S/cm, and from 5.44 μV/K to ~16.0 μV/K at ~300 K, respectively, when compared to the PPy/paper TE nanocomposite films. The thermal conductivity of the PEDOT:PSS/PPy/paper composite film (0.1522 Wm−1K−1 at ~300 K) was, however, only slightly higher than that of the PPy/paper composite film (0.1142 Wm−1K−1 at ~300 K). As a result, the ZT value of the PEDOT:PSS/PPy/paper composite film (~1.85 × 10−5 at ~300 K) was significantly enhanced when compared to that of the PPy/paper composite film (~4.73 × 10−7 at ~300 K). The as-prepared nanocomposite films have great potential for application in flexible TE devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, 100 Haiquan Road, Shanghai 201418, China.
| | - Yong Du
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, 100 Haiquan Road, Shanghai 201418, China.
| | - Runping Jia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, 100 Haiquan Road, Shanghai 201418, China.
| | - Jiayue Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, 100 Haiquan Road, Shanghai 201418, China.
| | - Shirley Z Shen
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Clayton South, VIC 3169, Australia.
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16
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Tang X, Liu T, Li H, Yang D, Chen L, Tang X. Notably enhanced thermoelectric properties of lamellar polypyrrole by doping with β-naphthalene sulfonic acid. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra02302b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This work demonstrates the development of lamellar polypyrrole (PPy) with much enhanced thermoelectric properties after doping β-naphthalene sulfonic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianxian Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan 430070
- P. R. China
| | - Taoxiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan 430070
- P. R. China
| | - Han Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan 430070
- P. R. China
| | - Dongwang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan 430070
- P. R. China
| | - Liangjun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan 430070
- P. R. China
| | - Xinfeng Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan 430070
- P. R. China
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17
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Lee D, Sayed SY, Lee S, Kuryak CA, Zhou J, Chen G, Shao-Horn Y. Quantitative analyses of enhanced thermoelectric properties of modulation-doped PEDOT:PSS/undoped Si (001) nanoscale heterostructures. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:19754-19760. [PMID: 27874117 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr06950a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) has high electrical conductivity (∼103 S cm-1) but it exhibits a low Seebeck coefficient (<15 μV K-1), resulting in a low power factor. Mixing PEDOT:PSS with nanostructured semiconductors can enhance the Seebeck coefficient and achieve an improved thermoelectric power factor. However, underlying mechanisms for those composite thermoelectric systems are scarcely understood so far. In this study, quantitative analyses on the electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient for the heterostructures of nanometer-thick PEDOT:PSS on single-crystal Si (001) on sapphire (SOS) are reported. The heterostructures have larger Seebeck coefficients up to 7.3 fold and power factors up to 17.5 fold relative to PEDOT:PSS. The electrical conductivity increased with decreasing combined thicknesses of PEDOT:PSS and Si, and the Seebeck coefficient increased with decreasing PEDOT:PSS thickness, which can be attributed to modulation doping caused by diffusion of holes from PEDOT:PSS into undoped Si. This hypothesis is supported by simulation per band alignment. The valence band offset between Si and PEDOT:PSS dominantly controls the electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient of the heterostructures. This study not only suggests mechanistic insights to increase the power factors of PEDOT:PSS-based composites but also opens the door for new strategies to enhance the thermoelectric efficiencies of heterostructured nanocomposite materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongwook Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
| | - Sayed Youssef Sayed
- The Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Sangyeop Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
| | - Chris Adam Kuryak
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
| | - Jiawei Zhou
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
| | - Yang Shao-Horn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. and The Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA and Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
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18
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Acidity-Controlled Conducting Polymer Films for Organic Thermoelectric Devices with Horizontal and Vertical Architectures. Sci Rep 2016; 6:33795. [PMID: 27667013 PMCID: PMC5035924 DOI: 10.1038/srep33795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic thermoelectric devices (OTEDs) are recognized one of the next generation energy conversion platforms because of their huge potentials for securing electricity continuously from even tiny heat sources in our daily life. The advantage of OTEDs can be attributable to the design freedom in device shapes and the low-cost fabrication by employing solution coating processes at low temperatures. As one of the major OTE materials to date, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) has been used, but no study has been yet carried out on its acidity control even though the acidic components in OTEDs can seriously affect the device performance upon operation. Here we demonstrate that the addition of aniline (a weak base) can control the acidity of PEDOT:PSS and enhance the performance of OTEDs. In particular, the vertical OTEDs with aniline-doped PEDOT:PSS films (active area = 1.0 cm2) could continuously generate electricity (0.06 nW) even at low temperatures (<38 °C) when they were mounted on a desk lamp (power = 24 W).
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19
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Kawabata K, Saito M, Osaka I, Takimiya K. Very Small Bandgap π-Conjugated Polymers with Extended Thienoquinoids. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:7725-32. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b03688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kohsuke Kawabata
- Emergent
Molecular Function Research Group, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Masahiko Saito
- Emergent
Molecular Function Research Group, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Itaru Osaka
- Emergent
Molecular Function Research Group, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kazuo Takimiya
- Emergent
Molecular Function Research Group, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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20
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Hu Y, Zhu D, Zhu Z, Liu E, Lu B, Xu J, Zhao F, Hou J, Liu H, Jiang F. Electrochemical Treatment for Effectively Tuning Thermoelectric Properties of Free-Standing Poly(3-methylthiophene) Films. Chemphyschem 2016; 17:2256-62. [PMID: 27062329 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201600233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The degree of oxidation of conducting polymers has great influence on their thermoelectric properties. Free-standing poly(3-methylthiophene) (P3MeT) films were prepared by electrochemical polymerization in boron trifluoride diethyl etherate, and the fresh films were treated electrochemically with a solution of propylene carbonate/lithium perchlorate as mediator. The conductivity of the resultant P3MeT films depends on the doping level, which is controlled by a constant potential from -0.5 to 1.4 V. The optimum electrical conductivity (78.9 S cm(-1) at 0.5 V) and a significant increase in the Seebeck coefficient (64.3 μV K(-1) at -0.5 V) are important for achieving an optimum power factor at an optimal potential. The power factor of electrochemically treated P3MeT films reached its maximum value of 4.03 μW m(-1) K(-2) at 0.5 V. Moreover, after two months, it still exhibited a value of 3.75 μW m(-1) K(-2) , and thus was more stable than pristine P3MeT due to exchange of doping ions in films under ambient conditions. This electrochemical treatment is a significant alternative method for optimizing the thermoelectric power factor of conducting polymer films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjing Hu
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Waterborne Coatings, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, 330013, P. R. China
| | - Danhua Zhu
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Waterborne Coatings, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, 330013, P. R. China
| | - Zhengyou Zhu
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Waterborne Coatings, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, 330013, P. R. China
| | - Endou Liu
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Waterborne Coatings, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, 330013, P. R. China
| | - Baoyang Lu
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Waterborne Coatings, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, 330013, P. R. China
| | - Jingkun Xu
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Waterborne Coatings, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, 330013, P. R. China.
| | - Feng Zhao
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Waterborne Coatings, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, 330013, P. R. China
| | - Jian Hou
- State Key Laboratory for Marine Corrosion and Protection, Luoyang Ship Material Research Institute, Qingdao, 266101, P. R. China
| | - Huixuan Liu
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Waterborne Coatings, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, 330013, P. R. China
| | - Fengxing Jiang
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Waterborne Coatings, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, 330013, P. R. China.
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21
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Kiyota Y, Kadoya T, Yamamoto K, Iijima K, Higashino T, Kawamoto T, Takimiya K, Mori T. Benzothienobenzothiophene-Based Molecular Conductors: High Conductivity, Large Thermoelectric Power Factor, and One-Dimensional Instability. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:3920-5. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b01213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Kiyota
- Department
of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama 2-12-1, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Tomofumi Kadoya
- Department
of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama 2-12-1, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Kaoru Yamamoto
- Department
of Applied Physics, Okayama University of Science, Ridaicho 1-1, Okayama 700-0005, Japan
| | - Kodai Iijima
- Department
of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama 2-12-1, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Toshiki Higashino
- Department
of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama 2-12-1, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Tadashi Kawamoto
- Department
of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama 2-12-1, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Kazuo Takimiya
- Emergent
Molecular Function Research Group, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Takehiko Mori
- Department
of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama 2-12-1, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
- ACT-C, JST, Honcho, Kawaguchi,
Saitama 332-0012, Japan
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22
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Jabarullah NH, Verrelli E, Mauldin C, Navarro LA, Golden JH, Madianos LM, Kemp NT. Superhydrophobic SAM Modified Electrodes for Enhanced Current Limiting Properties in Intrinsic Conducting Polymer Surge Protection Devices. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:6253-6264. [PMID: 25996202 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b00686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Surface interface engineering using superhydrophobic gold electrodes made with 1-dodecanethiol self-assembled monolayer (SAM) has been used to enhance the current limiting properties of novel surge protection devices based on the intrinsic conducting polymer, polyaniline doped with methanesulfonic acid. The resulting devices show significantly enhanced current limiting characteristics, including current saturation, foldback, and negative differential effects. We show how SAM modification changes the morphology of the polymer film directly adjacent to the electrodes, leading to the formation of an interfacial compact thin film that lowers the contact resistance at the Au-polymer interface. We attribute the enhanced current limiting properties of the devices to a combination of lower contact resistance and increased Joule heating within this interface region which during a current surge produces a current blocking resistive barrier due to a thermally induced dedoping effect caused by the rapid diffusion of moisture away from this region. The effect is exacerbated at higher applied voltages as the higher temperature leads to stronger depletion of charge carriers in this region, resulting in a negative differential resistance effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor H Jabarullah
- †Department of Physics and Mathematics, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom HU6 7RX
- ∥Electrical Engineering, International College of Engineering, University Kuala Lumpur, British Malaysian Institute, 53100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Emanuele Verrelli
- †Department of Physics and Mathematics, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom HU6 7RX
| | - Clayton Mauldin
- ‡TE Connectivity, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Luis A Navarro
- ‡TE Connectivity, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Josh H Golden
- ‡TE Connectivity, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Leonidas M Madianos
- §Department of Physics, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Zografou, Greece
| | - Neil T Kemp
- †Department of Physics and Mathematics, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom HU6 7RX
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23
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Wei Q, Mukaida M, Kirihara K, Naitoh Y, Ishida T. Recent Progress on PEDOT-Based Thermoelectric Materials. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2015; 8:732-750. [PMID: 28787968 PMCID: PMC5455279 DOI: 10.3390/ma8020732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Revised: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The thermoelectric properties of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT)-based materials have attracted attention recently because of their remarkable electrical conductivity, power factor, and figure of merit. In this review, we summarize recent efforts toward improving the thermoelectric properties of PEDOT-based materials. We also discuss thermoelectric measurement techniques and several unsolved problems with the PEDOT system such as the effect of water absorption from the air and the anisotropic thermoelectric properties. In the last part, we describe our work on improving the power output of thermoelectric modules by using PEDOT, and we outline the potential applications of polymer thermoelectric generators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingshuo Wei
- Nanosystem Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-2-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8564, Japan.
| | - Masakazu Mukaida
- Nanosystem Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-2-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8564, Japan.
| | - Kazuhiro Kirihara
- Nanosystem Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-2-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8564, Japan.
| | - Yasuhisa Naitoh
- Nanosystem Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-2-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8564, Japan.
| | - Takao Ishida
- Nanosystem Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-2-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8564, Japan.
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24
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Zhang B, Wang K, Li D, Cui X. Doping effects on the thermoelectric properties of pristine poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene). RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra16451b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Electronic and thermoelectric properties of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) depend strongly on its geometric structure and the free charge concentration in the PEDOT crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Zhang
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory
- Research Center of Laser Fusion
- CAEP
- Mianyang
- China
| | - Kan Wang
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory
- Research Center of Laser Fusion
- CAEP
- Mianyang
- China
| | - Dongde Li
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory
- Research Center of Laser Fusion
- CAEP
- Mianyang
- China
| | - Xudong Cui
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory
- Research Center of Laser Fusion
- CAEP
- Mianyang
- China
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25
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Huzyak P, Ferguson J, Sharpensteen J, Xu L, Ananthakrishnan SJ, Rathnayake H. Fused arene-functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes as thermoelectric materials. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra00183h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Two derivatives of fused-arene functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS-ANT and POSS-PDI-POSS) were synthesized and their electronic properties were studied for organic-based thermoelectric devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige Huzyak
- Department of Chemistry
- Western Kentucky University
- Bowling Green
- USA
| | - John Ferguson
- Department of Chemistry
- Western Kentucky University
- Bowling Green
- USA
| | | | - Lan Xu
- Department of Chemistry
- Western Kentucky University
- Bowling Green
- USA
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26
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McGrail BT, Sehirlioglu A, Pentzer E. Polymerkomposite für thermoelektrische Anwendungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201408431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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27
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McGrail BT, Sehirlioglu A, Pentzer E. Polymer Composites for Thermoelectric Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 54:1710-23. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201408431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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28
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Liu Q, Hu D, Wang H, Stanford M, Wang H, Hu B. Surface polarization enhanced Seebeck effects in vertical multi-layer metal–polymer–metal thin-film devices. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:22201-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp03603d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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29
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Taroni PJ, Hoces I, Stingelin N, Heeney M, Bilotti E. Thermoelectric Materials: A Brief Historical Survey from Metal Junctions and Inorganic Semiconductors to Organic Polymers. Isr J Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201400037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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30
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A review on the fabrication of polymer-based thermoelectric materials and fabrication methods. ScientificWorldJournal 2013; 2013:713640. [PMID: 24324378 PMCID: PMC3845840 DOI: 10.1155/2013/713640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermoelectricity, by converting heat energy directly into useable electricity, offers a promising technology to convert heat from solar energy and to recover waste heat from industrial sectors and automobile exhausts. In recent years, most of the efforts have been done on improving the thermoelectric efficiency using different approaches, that is, nanostructuring, doping, molecular rattling, and nanocomposite formation. The applications of thermoelectric polymers at low temperatures, especially conducting polymers, have shown various advantages such as easy and low cost of fabrication, light weight, and flexibility. In this review, we will focus on exploring new types of polymers and the effects of different structures, concentrations, and molecular weight on thermoelectric properties. Various strategies to improve the performance of thermoelectric materials will be discussed. In addition, a discussion on the fabrication of thermoelectric devices, especially suited to polymers, will also be given. Finally, we provide the challenge and the future of thermoelectric polymers, especially thermoelectric hybrid model.
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31
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Yamaguchi I, Nagano T. Synthesis, chemical, and thermoelectric properties of n-type π-conjugated polymer composed of 1,2,4-triazole and pyridine rings and its metal complexes. J Appl Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/app.39928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isao Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry; Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Shimane University; 1060 Nishikawatsu Matsue 690-8504 Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Nagano
- Department of Chemistry; Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Shimane University; 1060 Nishikawatsu Matsue 690-8504 Japan
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32
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Yamaguchi I, Yamamoto M. Uncatalyzed synthesis of polyphenylacetylene cross-linked by viologen groups and their chemical properties. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/0954008313494906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Polyphenylacetylenes cross-linked with viologen groups (polymers 1a and 1b) were obtained from the reaction of 4-ethynylaniline with 1,1′-bis(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-4,4′-bipyridinium dichloride (salt 1) and the reaction of 4-(1-trimethylsilylethynyl)aniline with salt 1, followed by the deprotection of the trimethylsilyl group. Model compound (model 1) was synthesized by the reaction of 4-ethynylaniline with 1-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-4,4′-bipyridinium chloride (salt 2). Ultraviolet–visible spectra revealed that the polymers 1a and 1b had an expanded π-conjugation system along the polymer chain: the polymer showed an onset position of absorption at a wavelength approximately 100 nm longer than the corresponding wavelengths of the model compound. Polymers 1a and 1b received a two-step electrochemical reduction in the viologen group within the polymer and an electrochemical oxidation of the polymer backbone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isao Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Shimane University, Matsue, Japan
| | - Makoto Yamamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Shimane University, Matsue, Japan
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33
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Sinha J, Lee SJ, Kong H, Swift TW, Katz HE. Tetrathiafulvalene (TTF)-Functionalized Thiophene Copolymerized with 3,3‴-Didodecylquaterthiophene: Synthesis, TTF Trapping Activity, and Response to Trinitrotoluene. Macromolecules 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ma3019365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Sinha
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering and ‡Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North
Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Stephen J. Lee
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering and ‡Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North
Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Hoyoul Kong
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering and ‡Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North
Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Thomas W. Swift
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering and ‡Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North
Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Howard E. Katz
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering and ‡Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North
Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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34
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Du Y, Shen SZ, Cai K, Casey PS. Research progress on polymer–inorganic thermoelectric nanocomposite materials. Prog Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2011.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 414] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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35
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Sun Y, Sheng P, Di C, Jiao F, Xu W, Qiu D, Zhu D. Organic thermoelectric materials and devices based on p- and n-type poly(metal 1,1,2,2-ethenetetrathiolate)s. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2012; 24:932-937. [PMID: 22250047 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201104305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2011] [Revised: 12/08/2011] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A series of metal coordination polymers containing 1,1,2,2-ethenetetrathiolate (ett) linking bridge (poly[Ax(M-ett)]) are synthesized. The Seebeck coefficients of these conducting materials are high, and vary according to the center metals and counter cations. The TE device fabricated demonstrates the great potentials of these materials for TE applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimeng Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
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36
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Bubnova O, Khan ZU, Malti A, Braun S, Fahlman M, Berggren M, Crispin X. Optimization of the thermoelectric figure of merit in the conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene). NATURE MATERIALS 2011; 10:429-33. [PMID: 21532583 DOI: 10.1038/nmat3012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 560] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2010] [Accepted: 03/23/2011] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Thermoelectric generators (TEGs) transform a heat flow into electricity. Thermoelectric materials are being investigated for electricity production from waste heat (co-generation) and natural heat sources. For temperatures below 200 °C, the best commercially available inorganic semiconductors are bismuth telluride (Bi(2)Te(3))-based alloys, which possess a figure of merit ZT close to one. Most of the recently discovered thermoelectric materials with ZT>2 exhibit one common property, namely their low lattice thermal conductivities. Nevertheless, a high ZT value is not enough to create a viable technology platform for energy harvesting. To generate electricity from large volumes of warm fluids, heat exchangers must be functionalized with TEGs. This requires thermoelectric materials that are readily synthesized, air stable, environmentally friendly and solution processable to create patterns on large areas. Here we show that conducting polymers might be capable of meeting these demands. The accurate control of the oxidation level in poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) combined with its low intrinsic thermal conductivity (λ=0.37 W m(-1) K(-1)) yields a ZT=0.25 at room temperature that approaches the values required for efficient devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Bubnova
- Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology,Campus Norrköping, Linköping University, SE-60174 Norrköping, Sweden
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37
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Kemp NT, Newbury R, Cochrane JW, Dujardin E. Electronic transport in conducting polymer nanowire array devices. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2011; 22:105202. [PMID: 21289409 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/22/10/105202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We report on the temperature dependent conductivity and current-voltage (I-V) properties of novel polyaniline nanowire array devices. Below 60 K, I-V measurements show a transition to non-linear behaviour, leading to the onset at 30 K of a threshold voltage, for potentials below which little current flows. By considering an intrinsic morphology of small conducting regions separated by tunnel junctions, we show that charging of the conducting regions leads to Coulomb blockade effects that can account for this behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- N T Kemp
- Department of Physics, The University of Hull, Kingston-upon-Hull HU6 7RX, UK.
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Synthesis, characterization, and thermoelectric properties of a conducting copolymer of 1,12-bis(carbazolyl)dodecane and thieno[3,2-b]thiophene. J Solid State Electrochem 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-011-1292-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Nambiar S, Yeow JT. Conductive polymer-based sensors for biomedical applications. Biosens Bioelectron 2011; 26:1825-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2010.09.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2010] [Revised: 09/23/2010] [Accepted: 09/23/2010] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Kaiser AB, Skákalová V. Electronic conduction in polymers, carbon nanotubes and graphene. Chem Soc Rev 2011; 40:3786-801. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cs00103a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Tamer U, Kanbeş Ç, Ertaş N. Branched Fibers of Conducting Polypyrrole: Synthesis and Characterization. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF POLYMER ANALYSIS AND CHARACTERIZATION 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/10236660802663522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Kemp NT, Kaiser AB, Trodahl HJ, Chapman B, Buckley RG, Partridge AC, Foot PJS. Effect of ammonia on the temperature-dependent conductivity and thermopower of polypyrrole. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.20792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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De Rossi D, Carpi F, Scilingo EP. Polymer based interfaces as bioinspired 'smart skins'. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2005; 116:165-78. [PMID: 16111642 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2005.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2005] [Accepted: 05/14/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This work reports on already achieved results and ongoing research on the development of complex interfaces between humans and external environment, based on organic synthetic materials and used as smart 'artificial skins'. They are conceived as wearable and flexible systems with multifunctional characteristics. Their features are designed to mimic or augment a broad-spectrum of properties shown by biological skins of humans and/or animals. The discussion is here limited to those properties whose mimicry/augmentation is achievable with currently available technologies based on polymers and oligomers. Such properties include tactile sensing, thermal sensing/regulation, environmental energy harvesting, chromatic mimetism, ultra-violet protection, adhesion and surface mediation of mobility. Accordingly, bioinspired devices and structures, proposed as suitable functional analogous of natural architectures, are analysed. They consist of organic piezoelectric sensors, thermoelectric and pyroelectric sensors and generators, photoelectric generators, thermal and ultra-violet protection systems, electro-, photo- and thermo-chromic devices, as well as structures for improved adhesion and reduced fluid-dynamic friction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo De Rossi
- Interdepartmental Research Centre E. Piaggio, University of Pisa, School of Engineering, via Diotisalvi, 2-56100 Pisa, Italy
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Lévesque I, Gao X, Klug DD, Tse JS, Ratcliffe CI, Leclerc M. Highly soluble poly(2,7-carbazolenevinylene) for thermoelectrical applications: From theory to experiment. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2004.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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George PM, Lyckman AW, LaVan DA, Hegde A, Leung Y, Avasare R, Testa C, Alexander PM, Langer R, Sur M. Fabrication and biocompatibility of polypyrrole implants suitable for neural prosthetics. Biomaterials 2005; 26:3511-9. [PMID: 15621241 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 356] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2004] [Accepted: 09/16/2004] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Finding a conductive substrate that promotes neural interactions is an essential step for advancing neural interfaces. The biocompatibility and conductive properties of polypyrrole (PPy) make it an attractive substrate for neural scaffolds, electrodes, and devices. Stand-alone polymer implants also provide the additional advantages of flexibility and biodegradability. To examine PPy biocompatibility, dissociated primary cerebral cortical cells were cultured on PPy samples that had been doped with polystyrene-sulfonate (PSS) or sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (NaDBS). Various conditions were used for electrodeposition to produce different surface properties. Neural networks grew on all of the PPy surfaces. PPy implants, consisting of the same dopants and conditions, were surgically implanted in the cerebral cortex of the rat. The results were compared to stab wounds and Teflon implants of the same size. Quantification of the intensity and extent of gliosis at 3- and 6-week time points demonstrated that all versions of PPy were at least as biocompatible as Teflon and in fact performed better in most cases. In all of the PPy implant cases, neurons and glial cells enveloped the implant. In several cases, neural tissue was present in the lumen of the implants, allowing contact of the brain parenchyma through the implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul M George
- Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
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