1
|
Preparation and applications of cellulose-functionalized chiral stationary phases: A review. Talanta 2021; 225:121987. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
2
|
Abstract
This review is aimed to discuss the molecular imprinted polymer (MIP)-based drug delivery systems (DDS). Molecular imprinted polymers have proved to possess the potential and also as a suitable material in several areas over a long period of time. However, only recently it has been employed for pharmaceuticals and biomedical applications, particularly as drug delivery vehicles due to properties including selective recognition generated from imprinting the desired analyte, favorable in harsh experimental conditions, and feedback-controlled recognitive drug release. Hence, this review will discuss their synthesis, the reason they are selected as drug delivery vehicles and for their applications in several drug administration routes (i.e. transdermal, ocular and gastrointestinal or stimuli-reactive routes).
Collapse
|
3
|
Del Bubba M, Checchini L, Cincinelli A, Lepri L. Enantioseparations by thin-layer chromatography. Methods Mol Biol 2013; 970:29-43. [PMID: 23283769 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-263-6_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
An up-to-date overview of thin-layer chromatography (TLC) techniques for chiral separations of various significant and/or recent examples of enantioresolutions is reported. Furthermore, examples for chiral separations obtained on achiral commercially available C18 TLC plates are described in detail. These include the enantioseparation of methylthiohydantoin-phenylalanine and methylthiohydantoin-tyrosine using hydroxyethyl-β-cyclodextrin as mobile phase additive and the separation of the enantiomers of warfarin and p-chlorowarfarin using bovine serum albumin as mobile phase additive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Del Bubba
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bubba M, Checchini L, Cincinelli A, Doumett S, Lepri L. Enantiomeric resolution of chiral aromatic sulfoxides on non-commercial microcrystalline cellulose triacetate and commercial cellulose acetate plates. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2012. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.25.2012.6.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
5
|
Del Bubba M, Checchini L, Lepri L. Thin-layer chromatography enantioseparations on chiral stationary phases: a review. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 405:533-54. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6514-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2012] [Revised: 10/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
6
|
Bubba M, Checchini L, Cincinelli A, Lepri L. Enantiomeric resolution of chiral aromatic sulfoxides on non-commercial cellulose tribenzoate plates. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2012. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.25.2012.3.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
7
|
Del Bubba M, Cincinelli A, Checchini L, Lepri L. Chiral separations and quantitative analysis of optical isomers on cellulose tribenzoate plates. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:2737-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2010] [Revised: 01/03/2011] [Accepted: 01/04/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
8
|
Kryscio DR, Peppas NA. Mimicking Biological Delivery Through Feedback-Controlled Drug Release Systems Based on Molecular Imprinting. AIChE J 2009; 55:1311-1324. [PMID: 26500352 DOI: 10.1002/aic.11779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Intelligent drug delivery systems (DDS) are able to rapidly detect a biological event and respond appropriately by releasing a therapeutic agent; thus, they are advantageous over their conventional counterparts. Molecular imprinting is a promising area that generates a polymeric network which can selectively recognize a desired analyte. This field has been studied for a variety of applications over a long period of time, but only recently has it been investigated for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. Recent work in the area of molecularly imprinted polymers in drug delivery highlights the potential of these recognitive networks as environmentally responsive DDS that can ultimately lead to feedback controlled recognitive release systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David R Kryscio
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Cockrell School of Engineering, Austin, TX 78712
| | - Nicholas A Peppas
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering and Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Cockrell School of Engineering, Austin, TX 78712 Dept. of Pharmaceutics, The University of Texas at Austin, College of Pharmacy, Austin, TX 78712
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bodhibukkana C, Srichana T, Kaewnopparat S, Tangthong N, Bouking P, Martin GP, Suedee R. Composite membrane of bacterially-derived cellulose and molecularly imprinted polymer for use as a transdermal enantioselective controlled-release system of racemic propranolol. J Control Release 2006; 113:43-56. [PMID: 16713005 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2006.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2005] [Revised: 01/30/2006] [Accepted: 03/07/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A composite membrane for transdermal delivery of S-propranolol enantiomer was developed based on the controlled pore functionalization of bacterial cellulose membranes using a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) layer synthesis. The reactive pore-filling of an asymmetric porous cellulose membrane with a MIP thin-layer was effected using a silanized coupler as an additional anchor for the MIP. MIP thin-layers with specific binding sites for S-propranolol were synthesized by copolymerization of methacrylic acid with a cross-linker, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of S-propranolol as the template molecule and the latter was subsequently extracted. Selective transport of S-propranolol through the MIP composite membrane was obtained, although this was determined mostly by the parent cellulose membrane with some ancillary contributory effect from the MIP layer. In addition, an enantioselectivity in the transport of propranolol prodrug enantiomers was found, suggesting that the shape and functional groups orientation, which are similar to that of the print molecule were essential for enantiomeric recognition of the MIP composite membrane. The enantioselectivity of S-MIP membranes was also shown when the release of propranolol enantiomers was studied in vitro using rat skin, with racemic propranolol contained in the donor compartment. The composite membrane of bacterially-derived cellulose and molecularly imprinted polymer may have great potential for use as a transdermal enantioselective controlled-release system for racemic propranolol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chatchada Bodhibukkana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkla 90112, Thailand
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Siouffi AM, Piras P, Roussel C. Some aspects of chiral separations in planar chromatography compared with HPLC. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2005. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.18.2005.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
11
|
Gübitz G, Schmid MG. Chiral separation by chromatographic and electromigration techniques. A review. Biopharm Drug Dispos 2001; 22:291-336. [PMID: 11835252 DOI: 10.1002/bdd.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This review gives a survey of different chiral separation principles and their use in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography (GC), supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC), thin-layer chromatography (TLC), capillary electrophoresis (CE) and capillary electrochromatography (CEC) highlighting new developments and innovative techniques. The mechanisms of the different separation principles are briefly discussed and some selected applications are shown.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Gübitz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology, Karl-Franzens University, Universitätsplatz 1, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
Chiral drugs, agrochemicals, food additives and fragrances represent classes of compounds with high economic and scientific potential. First the present implications of their chiral nature and necessity of separating enantiomers are summarised in this article. In the following a brief overview of the actual approaches to perform enantioseparations at analytical and preparative scale is given. Challenging aspects of these strategies, such as problems associated with data management, choice of suitable chiral selectors for given enantioseparations and enhanced understanding of the underlying chiral recognition principles, are discussed. Alternatives capable of meeting the requirements of industrial processes, in terms of productivity, cost-effectiveness and environmental issues (e.g., enantioselective membranes) are critically reviewed. The impact of combinatorial methodologies on faster and more effective development and optimisation of novel chiral selectors is outlined. Finally, the merits and limitations of most recent trends in discrimination of enantiomers, including advances in the fields of sensors, microanalysis systems, chiroptical methods and chemical force microscopy are evaluated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N M Maier
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Austria
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Aboul-Enein HY, El-Awady MI, Heard CM, Nicholls PJ. Application of thin-layer chromatography in enantiomeric chiral analysis-an overview. Biomed Chromatogr 1999; 13:531-7. [PMID: 10611607 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-0801(199912)13:8<531::aid-bmc921>3.0.co;2-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Several chiral drugs are produced and administered as pure enantiomers, whereas many others, especially of synthetic origin, are used mainly in the form of racemates. The biological and pharmacological activity of chiral compounds depends on their configuration. The racemic drugs may exhibit quite different activity from the optically pure drugs. Often only one of the enantiomers is pharmacologically active and/or even can be toxic. Since numerous enantiomers have been shown to behave differently from at least one point of view, whether pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, toxicological or interaction, there seems to be hardly any exception to the general rule that a racemate cannot be considered as a single drug entity. A variety of chromatographic methods have been developed for optical resolution recently. Usually direct separation of the enantiomers is carried out on HPTLC chiral precoated plates or on plates impregnated with chiral substances. TLC techniques are a developing branch of separation and quantitation of drugs, both in pharmaceutical dosage forms and in biological material. This review presents an overview of the current successful enantioseparations of drugs by TLC and their potential in the analysis of the drug racemates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Y Aboul-Enein
- Bioanalytical and Drug Development Laboratory, Biological and Medical Research Department (MBC-03), King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh-11211, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Suedee R, Brain KR, Heard CM. Differential permeation of propranolol enantiomers across human skin in vitro from formulations containing an enantioselective excipient. Chirality 1999; 11:680-3. [PMID: 10506427 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1520-636x(1999)11:9<680::aid-chir2>3.0.co;2-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This work tested the hypothesis that a stereospecific topical formulation could be used to engineer differential permeation rates for each enantiomer of an applied racemate across human skin in vitro. Racemic and enantiomerically pure R or S propranolol HCI were formulated with cellulose tris(3,5-dimethyl phenyl carbamate) (CDMPC) and applied to excised human skin using side-by-side Franz-type diffusion cells. When the pure enantiomers were used, there was a marked difference between the penetration rates of R and S propranolol (flux ratio: 2.06; P = 0.04). When racemic propranolol was used, the difference was reduced, although still statistically significant (flux ratio: 1.2; P = 0.08), particularly in view of the differential activities of the two enantiomers. Control experiments, in which no CDMPC was present, produced equal permeation rates. The results can be rationalised in terms of differential adsorption onto CDMPC within the vehicle, whereby S-propranolol is preferentially bound relative to R-propranolol. This causes an imbalance in the apparent donor phase concentrations that (in accordance with Fickian diffusion laws and thermodynamic activity) gives rise to differences in permeation rates. The diminished differential observed when the racemate was used, rather than individual enantiomers, is less easily rationalised. In this work, it was the permeation of the eutomer (S-propranolol) that was retarded, although the general principle of stereoselectively retarded skin permeation has been established.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Suedee
- Welsh School of Pharmacy, Cardiff, UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
The chromatographic and electrophoretic enantiomeric separation and analysis of several clinically used cardiovascular drugs have been reviewed. Several examples of recently reported applications of enantioselective analysis and various cardiovascular agents are presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Bojarski
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Medicine, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | | |
Collapse
|