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Szlosek R, Seidl M, Balázs G, Scheer M. A General Pathway towards NHC ⋅ GaH 2 (OTf) Adducts - The Key for the Synthesis of NHC-Stabilized Cationic 13/15 Chain Compounds of Gallium. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301752. [PMID: 37401824 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
A general pathway towards NHC (NHC=N-heterocyclic carbene)-stabilized galliummonotriflates NHC ⋅ GaH2 (OTf) (NHC=IDipp, 1 a; IPr2 Me2 , 1 b; IMes, 1 c; IDipp=1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-imidazolin-2-ylidene, IPr2 Me2 =1,3-bis-(diisopropyl)-4,5-dimethyl-imidazolin-2-ylidene, IMes=1,3-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-imidazolin-2-ylidene) is reported. Quantum chemical calculations give detailed insight into the underlying reaction pathway. The obtained NHC ⋅ GaH2 (OTf) compounds were employed in reactions with donor-stabilized pnictogenylboranes to synthesize the elusive cationic parent 13/15/13 chain compounds [IDipp ⋅ GaH2 ER2 E'H2 ⋅ D][OTf] (3 a: D=IDipp, E=P, E'=B, R=H; 3 b: D=NMe3 , E=P, E'=B, R=H, 3 c: D=NMe3 , E=P, E'=B, R=Ph, 3 d: D=IDipp, E=P, E'=Ga, R=H). Supporting computational studies highlight the electronic features of the products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Szlosek
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Seidl
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gábor Balázs
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
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2
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Muhr M, Bühler R, Liang H, Gilch J, Jandl C, Kahlal S, Saillard J, Gemel C, Fischer RA. C-H and Si-H Activation Reactions at Ru/Ga Complexes: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Case Study on the Ru-Ga Bond. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200887. [PMID: 35748293 PMCID: PMC9804459 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of [Ru(COD)(MeAllyl)2 ] and [Ru(COD)(COT)] with GaCp* under hydrogenolytic conditions leads to reactive intermediates which activate Si-H or C-H bonds, respectively. The product complexes [Ru(GaCp*)3 (SiEt3 )H3 ] (1) and [Ru(GaCp*)3 (C7 H7 )H3 ] (2) are formed with HSiEt3 or with toluene as the solvent, respectively. While 1 was isolated and fully characterized by NMR, MS, IR and SC-XRD, 2 was too labile to be isolated and was observed and characterized in situ by using mass spectrometry, including labelling experiments for the unambiguous assignment of the elemental composition. The structural assignment was confirmed by DFT calculations. The relative energies of the four isomers possible upon toluene activation at the ortho-, meta-, para- and CH3 -positions have been determined and point to aromatic C-H activation. The Ru-Ga bond was analyzed by EDA and QTAIM and compared to the Ru-P bond in the analogue phosphine compound. Bonding analyses indicate that the Ru-GaCp* bond is weaker than the Ru-PR3 bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Muhr
- Chair of Inorganic and Metalorganic ChemistryDepartment of ChemistryCatalysis Research Center (CRC)Technical University Munich (TUM)Lichtenbergstraße 485748GarchingGermany
| | - Raphael Bühler
- Chair of Inorganic and Metalorganic ChemistryDepartment of ChemistryCatalysis Research Center (CRC)Technical University Munich (TUM)Lichtenbergstraße 485748GarchingGermany
| | - Hao Liang
- UMR-CNRS6226 “Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes”Univ RennesCNRSISCR-UMR 622635000RennesFrance
| | - Jonas Gilch
- Chair of Inorganic and Metalorganic ChemistryDepartment of ChemistryCatalysis Research Center (CRC)Technical University Munich (TUM)Lichtenbergstraße 485748GarchingGermany
| | - Christian Jandl
- Chair of Inorganic and Metalorganic ChemistryDepartment of ChemistryCatalysis Research Center (CRC)Technical University Munich (TUM)Lichtenbergstraße 485748GarchingGermany
| | - Samia Kahlal
- UMR-CNRS6226 “Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes”Univ RennesCNRSISCR-UMR 622635000RennesFrance
| | - Jean‐Yves Saillard
- UMR-CNRS6226 “Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes”Univ RennesCNRSISCR-UMR 622635000RennesFrance
| | - Christian Gemel
- Chair of Inorganic and Metalorganic ChemistryDepartment of ChemistryCatalysis Research Center (CRC)Technical University Munich (TUM)Lichtenbergstraße 485748GarchingGermany
| | - Roland A. Fischer
- Chair of Inorganic and Metalorganic ChemistryDepartment of ChemistryCatalysis Research Center (CRC)Technical University Munich (TUM)Lichtenbergstraße 485748GarchingGermany
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Weinhart MAK, Seidl M, Timoshkin AY, Scheer M. NHC-stabilized Parent Arsanylalanes and -gallanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:3806-3811. [PMID: 33197127 PMCID: PMC7898810 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202013849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of the unprecedented compounds IDipp⋅E'H2 AsH2 (E'=Al, Ga; IDipp=1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazolin-2-ylidene) are reported, the first monomeric, parent representatives of an arsanylalane and arsanylgallane, respectively, stabilized only by a LB (LB=Lewis Base). They are prepared by a salt metathesis reaction of KAsH2 with IDipp⋅E'H2 Cl (E'=Al, Ga). The H2 -elimination pathway through the reaction of AsH3 with IDipp⋅E'H3 (E'=Al, Ga) was found to be a possible synthetic route with some disadvantages compared to the salt metathesis reaction. The corresponding organo-substituted compounds IDipp⋅GaH2 AsPh2 (1) and IDipp⋅AlH2 AsPh2 (2) were obtained by the reaction of KAsPh2 with IDipp⋅E'H2 Cl (E'=Al, Ga). The novel branched parent compounds IDipp⋅E'H(EH2 )2 (E'=Al, Ga; E=P, As) were synthesized by salt metathesis reactions starting from IDipp⋅E'HCl2 (E'=Al, Ga). Supporting DFT computations give insight into the different synthetic pathways and the stability of the products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Seidl
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität Regensburg93040RegensburgGermany
| | - Alexey Y. Timoshkin
- Institute of ChemistrySaint Petersburg State UniversityUniversitetskaya emb. 7/9199034St. PetersburgRussia
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität Regensburg93040RegensburgGermany
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Weinhart MAK, Seidl M, Timoshkin AY, Scheer M. NHC‐stabilisierte Stammverbindungen der Arsanylalane und ‐gallane. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202013849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Seidl
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Regensburg 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Alexey Y. Timoshkin
- Institut für Chemie Staatliche Universität St. Petersburg Universitetskaya emb. 7/9 199034 St. Petersburg Russland
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Regensburg 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
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5
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Pan S, Manoj S, Frenking G. Quadruple bonding of bare group-13 atoms in transition metal complexes. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:14815-14825. [PMID: 33030176 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt02773a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Density functional theory calculations at the M06-D3/def2-TZVPPD level of the group-13 anion complexes EFe(CO)3- (E = B-Tl) and the isoelectronic neutral and charged boron adducts BTM(CO)3q (TMq = Fe-, Ru-, Os-, Co, Rh, Ir, Ni+, Pd+, Pt+) give tetrahedral (C3v) geometries in the 1A1 electronic ground state as equilibrium structures. The analysis of the bonding situation with the energy decomposition analysis in combination with natural orbital for chemical valence method suggests that the E-TM(CO)3q bonds possess four bonding components: (a) one strong electron-sharing σ bond E-TM(CO)3q; (b) two π backdonations E⇇TM(CO)3q and (c) one weak σ donation E→TM(CO)3q. The relative strength of the four bonding components depends on the charge of the system, the transition metal TM and the group-13 atom E. The σ donation E→TM(CO)3q is in all systems rather weak while the associated charge migration is not negligible. A similar situation of the bonding of terminal group-13 atoms Ga and In is found in Ga-TM(GaCp)4+ and E-Pt(PMe3)3+ (TM = Ni, Pd, Pt; E = Ga, In), which are model compounds for the stable complexes GaTM(GaCp*)4+ (TM = Ni, Pt) and InPt(PPh3)3+. The quadruple bonds E→TML2 are hybrids of electron-sharing and dative bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudip Pan
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
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Weinhart MAK, Lisovenko AS, Timoshkin AY, Scheer M. Nur durch eine Lewis‐Base stabilisierte Phosphanylalane und ‐gallane. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201914046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna S. Lisovenko
- Institut für Chemie Staatliche Universität St. Petersburg Universitetskaya emb. 7/9 199034 St. Petersburg Russland
| | - Alexey Y. Timoshkin
- Institut für Chemie Staatliche Universität St. Petersburg Universitetskaya emb. 7/9 199034 St. Petersburg Russland
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Regensburg 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
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Weinhart MAK, Lisovenko AS, Timoshkin AY, Scheer M. Phosphanylalanes and Phosphanylgallanes Stabilized only by a Lewis Base. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:5541-5545. [PMID: 31815355 PMCID: PMC7155101 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201914046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of the first parent phosphanylalane and phosphanylgallane stabilized only by a Lewis base (LB) are reported. The corresponding substituted compounds, such as IDipp⋅GaH2 PCy2 (1) (IDipp=1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-imidazolin-2-ylidene) were obtained by the reaction of LiPCy2 with IDipp⋅GaH2 Cl. However, the LB-stabilized parent compounds IDipp⋅GaH2 PH2 (3) and IDipp⋅AlH2 PH2 (4) were prepared via a salt metathesis of LiPH2 ⋅DME with IDipp⋅E'H2 Cl (E'=Ga, Al) or by H2 -elimination reactions of IDipp⋅E'H3 (E'=Ga, Al) and PH3 , respectively. The compounds could be isolated as crystalline solids and completely characterized. Supporting DFT computations gave insight into the reaction pathways as well as into the stability of these compounds with respect to their decomposition behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna S. Lisovenko
- Institute of ChemistrySaint Petersburg State UniversityUniversitetskaya emb. 7/9199034St. PetersburgRussia
| | - Alexey Y. Timoshkin
- Institute of ChemistrySaint Petersburg State UniversityUniversitetskaya emb. 7/9199034St. PetersburgRussia
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität Regensburg93040RegensburgGermany
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Li B, Bauer S, Seidl M, Timoshkin AY, Scheer M. Monomeric β-Diketiminato Group 13 Metal Dipnictogenide Complexes with Two Terminal EH 2 Groups (E=P, As). Chemistry 2019; 25:13714-13718. [PMID: 31456252 PMCID: PMC6899646 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The pnictogenyl Group 13 compounds (Dipp2 Nacnac)M[E(SiMe3 )2 ]Cl and (Dipp2 Nacnac)M(EH2 )2 (Dipp2 Nacnac=HC[C(Me)N(Ar)]2 , Ar: Dipp=2,6-iPr2 C6 H3 ; M=Al, Ga, In; E=P, As) were successfully synthesized. The salt metathesis between (Dipp2 Nacnac)MCl2 and LiE(SiMe3 )2 only led to monosubstituted compounds (Dipp2 Nacnac)M[E(SiMe3 )2 ]Cl [E=P, M=Ga(1), In (2); E=As, M=Ga (3), In (4)], regardless of the stoichiometric ratios used. In contrast to the steric effect of the SiMe3 groups in 1-4, the reactions of the corresponding halides with LiPH2 ⋅DME (or KAsH2 ) facilely yielded the dipnictogenide compounds (Dipp2 Nacnac)M(EH2 )2 (E=P, M=Al (5), Ga (6), In (7); E=As, M=Al (8), Ga (9)), avoiding the use of flammable and toxic PH3 and AsH3 for their synthesis. The compounds 5-9 are the first examples of monomeric Group 13 diphosphanides and diarsanides in which the metal center is bound to two terminal PH2 and AsH2 groups, respectively. In contrast to the successful synthesis of the indium diphosphanide (Dipp2 Nacnac)In(PH2 )2 , the reaction of (Dipp2 Nacnac)InCl2 with KAsH2 led to an indium mirror due to the instability of the target product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität Regensburg93040RegensburgGermany
| | - Susanne Bauer
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität Regensburg93040RegensburgGermany
| | - Michael Seidl
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität Regensburg93040RegensburgGermany
| | - Alexey Y. Timoshkin
- Institute of ChemistrySt. Petersburg State UniversityUniversitetskaya emb. 7/9199037St. PetersburgRussia
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität Regensburg93040RegensburgGermany
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Hofmann A, Pranckevicius C, Tröster T, Braunschweig H. Redoxreaktionen zwischen Aluminium(I)- und Bor(III)-Verbindungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201813619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Hofmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Conor Pranckevicius
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Tobias Tröster
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
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Hofmann A, Pranckevicius C, Tröster T, Braunschweig H. Aluminum(I)/Boron(III) Redox Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:3625-3629. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201813619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Hofmann
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Conor Pranckevicius
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Tobias Tröster
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
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Tuscher L, Ganesamoorthy C, Bläser D, Wölper C, Schulz S. Synthese und Festkörperstruktur eines Ga-substituierten Distibens und eines Sb-Analogons von Bicyclo[1.1.0]butan. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201502827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Tuscher L, Ganesamoorthy C, Bläser D, Wölper C, Schulz S. A Gallium-Substituted Distibene and an Antimony-Analogue Bicyclo[1.1.0]butane: Synthesis and Solid-State Structures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:10657-61. [PMID: 26248643 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201502827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
RGa {R=HC[C(Me)N(2,6-iPr2C6H3)]2} reacts with Sb(NMe2)3 with insertion into the Sb-N bond and elimination of RGa(NMe2)2 (2), yielding the Ga-substituted distibene R(Me2N)GaSb=SbGa(NMe2 )R (1). Thermolysis of 1 proceeded with elimination of RGa and 2 and subsequent formation of the bicyclo[1.1.0]butane analogue [R(Me2N)Ga]2Sb4 (3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Tuscher
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5-7, S07 S03 C30, 45117 Essen (Germany)
| | - Chelladurai Ganesamoorthy
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5-7, S07 S03 C30, 45117 Essen (Germany)
| | - Dieter Bläser
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5-7, S07 S03 C30, 45117 Essen (Germany)
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5-7, S07 S03 C30, 45117 Essen (Germany)
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5-7, S07 S03 C30, 45117 Essen (Germany).
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Lu F, Li X, Sun Z, Zeng Y, Meng L. Influences of the substituents on the M–M bonding in Cp4Al4 and Cp2M2X2 (M = B, Al, Ga; Cp = C5H5, X = halogen). Dalton Trans 2015; 44:14092-100. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt01901j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The different stabilities of Cp*4Al4 and Cp4Al4 (Cp = C5H5) have been explained by theoretical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Lu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Hebei Normal University
- Shijiazhuang
- China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Hebei Normal University
- Shijiazhuang
- China
| | - Zheng Sun
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Hebei Normal University
- Shijiazhuang
- China
| | - Yanli Zeng
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Hebei Normal University
- Shijiazhuang
- China
| | - Lingpeng Meng
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Hebei Normal University
- Shijiazhuang
- China
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14
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Lichtenthaler MR, Maurer S, Mangan RJ, Stahl F, Mönkemeyer F, Hamann J, Krossing I. Univalent Gallium Complexes of Simple andansa-Arene Ligands: Effects on the Polymerization of Isobutylene. Chemistry 2014; 21:157-65. [PMID: 25382015 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201404833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin R Lichtenthaler
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albertstr. 21, 79104 Freiburg (Germany)
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Lichtenthaler MR, Maurer S, Mangan RJ, Stahl F, Mönkemeyer F, Hamann J, Krossing I. Univalent Gallium Complexes of Simple and ansa-Arene Ligands: Effects on the Polymerization of Isobutylene. Chemistry 2014:n/a-n/a. [PMID: 25376094 DOI: 10.1002/chem.404833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Using [Ga(C6 H5 F)2 ]+ [Al(ORF )4 ]- (1) (RF =C(CF3 )3 ) as starting material, we isolated bis- and tris-η6 -coordinated gallium(I) arene complex salts of p-xylene (1,4-Me2 C6 H4 ), hexamethylbenzene (C6 Me6 ), diphenylethane (PhC2 H4 Ph), and m-terphenyl (1,3-Ph2 C6 H4 ): [Ga(1,4-Me2 C6 H4 )2.5 ]+ (2+ ), [Ga(C6 Me6 )2 ]+ (3+ ), [Ga(PhC2 H4 Ph)]+ (4+ ) and [(C6 H5 F)Ga(μ-1,3-Ph2 C6 H4 )2 Ga(C6 H5 F)]2+ (52+ ). 4+ is the first structurally characterized ansa-like bent sandwich chelate of univalent gallium and 52+ the first binuclear gallium(I) complex without a GaGa bond. Beyond confirming the structural findings by multinuclear NMR spectroscopic investigations and density functional calculations (RI-BP86/SV(P) level), [Ga(PhC2 H4 Ph)]+ [Al(ORF )4 ]- (4) and [(C6 H5 F)Ga(μ-1,3-Ph2 C6 H4 )2 Ga(C6 H5 F)]2+ {[Al(ORF )4 ] - }2 (5), featuring ansa-arene ligands, were tested as catalysts for the synthesis of highly reactive polyisobutylene (HR-PIB). In comparison to the recently published 1 and the [Ga(1,3,5-Me3 C6 H3 )2 ]+ [Al(ORF )4 ]- salt (6) (1,3,5-Me3 C6 H3 =mesitylene), 4 and 5 gave slightly reduced reactivities. This allowed for favorably increased polymerization temperatures of up to +15 °C, while yielding HR-PIB with high contents of terminal olefinic double bonds (α-contents=84-93 %), low molecular weights (Mn =1000-3000 g mol-1 ) and good monomer conversions (up to 83 % in two hours). While the chelate complexes delivered more favorable results than 1 and 6, the reaction kinetics resembled and thus concurred with the recently proposed coordinative polymerization mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin R Lichtenthaler
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albertstr. 21, 79104 Freiburg (Germany)
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16
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Ganesamoorthy C, Bläser D, Wölper C, Schulz S. Sequential Bi–C bond activation reactions of BiEt3via insertion reactions of RE {R = HC[C(Me)N(2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)]2; E = Al, Ga, In}. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:12382-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc05028b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Cooper BFT, Hamaed H, Friedl WW, Stinchcombe MR, Schurko RW, Macdonald CLB. “Crowned” Univalent Indium Complexes as Donors? Experimental and Computational Insights on the Valence Isomers of EE′X4Species. Chemistry 2011; 17:6148-61. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201002946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin F. T. Cooper
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4 (Canada), Fax: (+1) 519‐973‐7098
| | - Hiyam Hamaed
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4 (Canada), Fax: (+1) 519‐973‐7098
| | - Warren W. Friedl
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4 (Canada), Fax: (+1) 519‐973‐7098
| | - Michael R. Stinchcombe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4 (Canada), Fax: (+1) 519‐973‐7098
| | - Robert W. Schurko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4 (Canada), Fax: (+1) 519‐973‐7098
| | - Charles L. B. Macdonald
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4 (Canada), Fax: (+1) 519‐973‐7098
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Bollermann T, Cadenbach T, Gemel C, von Hopffgarten M, Frenking G, Fischer RA. Molecular Alloys: Experimental and Theoretical Investigations on the Substitution of Zinc by Cadmium and Mercury in the Homologous Series [Mo(M′R)12] and [M(M′R)8] (M=Pd, Pt; M′=Zn, Cd, Hg). Chemistry 2010; 16:13372-84. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201001650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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19
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Klein S, Frenking G. Carbodiylides C(ECp*)2 (E=B-Tl): Another Class of Theoretically Predicted Divalent Carbon(0) Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 49:7106-10. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201002773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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20
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Klein S, Frenking G. Carbodiylide C(ECp*)2 (E=B-Tl): eine weitere Klasse theoretisch vorhergesagter Kohlenstoff(0)-Verbindungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201002773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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21
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Bollermann T, Prabusankar G, Gemel C, Seidel R, Winter M, Fischer R. First Dinuclear Copper/Gallium Complexes: Supporting Cu0 and CuI Centres by Low-Valent Organogallium Ligands. Chemistry 2010; 16:8846-53. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201000465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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22
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Halbherr M, Bollermann T, Gemel C, Fischer R. Selektive oxidative Abspaltung von Cp* von koordiniertem GaCp*: “nacktes” Ga+in [GaNi(GaCp*)4]+und [(μ2-Ga)nM3(GaCp*)6]n+. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200905920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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23
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Halbherr M, Bollermann T, Gemel C, Fischer RA. Selective oxidative cleavage of Cp* from coordinated GaCp*: naked Ga+ in [GaNi(GaCp*)4]+ and [(mu2-Ga)nM3(GaCp*)6]n+. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 49:1878-81. [PMID: 20127922 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200905920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Halbherr
- Inorganic Chemistry II-Organometallics & Materials, Ruhr Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44870 Bochum, Germany
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Seifert A, Scheid D, Linti G, Zessin T. Oxidative addition reactions of element-hydrogen bonds with different polarities to a gallium(I) compound. Chemistry 2010; 15:12114-20. [PMID: 19780109 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200901403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The gallium(I) derivative [Ga({N(dipp)CMe}(2)CH)] (1; dipp = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl) undergoes facile oxidative addition reactions with various element-hydrogen bonds including N-H, P-H, O-H, Sn-H, and H-H bonds. This was demonstrated by its reaction with triphenyltin hydride, ethanol, water, diethylamine, diphenylphosphane, and dihydrogen. All products were characterized by means of single-crystal X-ray structure determination, NMR spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annekathrin Seifert
- Universität Heidelberg, Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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25
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Bodensteiner M, Vogel U, Timoshkin A, Scheer M. Kontrollierte Oligomerisierung von Lewis-Säure/Base-stabilisierten Phosphanylalanen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200901064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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26
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Bodensteiner M, Vogel U, Timoshkin A, Scheer M. Controlled Oligomerization of Lewis Acid/Base-Stabilized Phosphanylalanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:4629-33. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200901064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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27
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Cadenbach T, Gemel C, Schmid R, Halbherr M, Yusenko K, Cokoja M, Fischer R. Ein substituentenfreier Galliumligand durch Hydrogenolyse von koordiniertem GaCp*: Synthese und Struktur des hoch fluktionalen [Ru2(Ga)(GaCp*)7(H)3]. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200805605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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28
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Cadenbach T, Gemel C, Schmid R, Halbherr M, Yusenko K, Cokoja M, Fischer RA. Substituent-Free Gallium by Hydrogenolysis of Coordinated GaCp*: Synthesis and Structure of Highly Fluxional [Ru2(Ga)(GaCp*)7(H)3]. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:3872-6. [PMID: 19219882 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200805605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Cadenbach
- Inorganic Chemistry II-Organometallics & Materials, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, 44870 Bochum, Germany
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29
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Sircoglou M, Mercy M, Saffon N, Coppel Y, Bouhadir G, Maron L, Bourissou D. Gold(I) Complexes of Phosphanyl Gallanes: From Interconverting to Separable Coordination Isomers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200900737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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30
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Sircoglou M, Mercy M, Saffon N, Coppel Y, Bouhadir G, Maron L, Bourissou D. Gold(I) Complexes of Phosphanyl Gallanes: From Interconverting to Separable Coordination Isomers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:3454-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200900737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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31
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Schwan KC, Vogel U, Adolf A, Zabel M, Scheer M. Halogenation of Lewis acid/base stabilised phosphanylboranes. J Organomet Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2008.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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32
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Roesky PW. Compounds with low-valent group 13 metals as ligands for electron poor main group and transition metals. Dalton Trans 2009:1887-93. [DOI: 10.1039/b816377d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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33
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Himmel HJ, Linti G. GaI as Ligand in Transition-Metal Complexes-An Alternative to CO or N2? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:6326-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200802490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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34
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Himmel HJ, Linti G. GaI als Ligand in Übergangsmetallkomplexen - eine Alternative zu CO oder N2? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200802490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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35
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Kempter A, Gemel C, Fischer RA. Oxidative Addition of Group 13 and 14 Metal Halides and Alkyls to Ga(DDP) (DDP = Bulky Bisimidinate). Inorg Chem 2008; 47:7279-85. [DOI: 10.1021/ic800690z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Kempter
- Anorganische Chemie II - Organometallics & Materials, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Christian Gemel
- Anorganische Chemie II - Organometallics & Materials, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Roland A. Fischer
- Anorganische Chemie II - Organometallics & Materials, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
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Bontemps S, Sircoglou M, Bouhadir G, Puschmann H, Howard J, Dyer P, Miqueu K, Bourissou D. Ambiphilic Diphosphine–Borane Ligands: Metal→Borane Interactions within Isoelectronic Complexes of Rhodium, Platinum and Palladium. Chemistry 2008; 14:731-40. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200701027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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37
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Schwan KC, Adolf A, Thoms C, Zabel M, Timoshkin AY, Scheer M. Selective halogenation at the pnictogen atom in Lewis-acid/base-stabilised phosphanylboranes and arsanylboranes. Dalton Trans 2008:5054-8. [DOI: 10.1039/b809773a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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38
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Braunschweig H, Gruss K, Radacki K. Wechselwirkung zwischen d- und p-Block-Metallen: Synthese und Struktur von Platin-Alan-Addukten. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200702726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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39
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Braunschweig H, Gruss K, Radacki K. Interaction between d- and p-Block Metals: Synthesis and Structure of Platinum–Alane Adducts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:7782-4. [PMID: 17803195 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200702726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
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Quillian B, Wang Y, Wannere CS, Wei P, Schleyer PVR, Robinson GH. A Trimetallic Fulvalene-Bridged Dizirconocene–Gallium Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:1836-8. [PMID: 17274078 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200603469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Quillian
- Department of Chemistry and The Center for Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-2556, USA
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Quillian B, Wang Y, Wannere C, Wei P, Schleyer P, Robinson G. A Trimetallic Fulvalene-Bridged Dizirconocene–Gallium Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200603469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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42
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Braunschweig H, Kollann C, Rais D. Transition-Metal Complexes of Boron—New Insights and Novel Coordination Modes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006; 45:5254-74. [PMID: 16826611 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200600506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 325] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Since the publication of the last review in 1998, the transition-metal chemistry of boron has continued to raise unceasing interest. Boryl complexes, representing the most extensive subclass, have remained a focus of intense research, particularly for their implication in the metal-mediated functionalization of organic substrates. Absolute novelties such as borane complexes and terminal borylene complexes have been structurally authenticated. Upon further elaboration of these compounds, the known coordination modes of boron-based ligands have grown considerably. Combined structural and theoretical investigations have contributed to elucidate the fundamental electronic characteristics of the transition-metal-boron bond and are leading to applications of these compounds. The most useful synthetic strategies for the generation of transition-metal-boron bonds are highlighted here, and the most recent and intriguing compounds that have been reported are outlined and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Bayerische Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
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Braunschweig H, Kollann C, Rais D. Übergangsmetallkomplexe des Bors – Neue Erkenntnisse und neuartige Koordinationstypen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200600506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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44
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Buchin B, Gemel C, Cadenbach T, Fernández I, Frenking G, Fischer RA. “Nacktes” Ga+ und In+ als reine Acceptorliganden: Struktur und Bindungsverhältnisse von [GaPt(GaCp*)4][BArF]. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200601007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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45
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Buchin B, Gemel C, Cadenbach T, Fernández I, Frenking G, Fischer RA. “Naked” Ga+ and In+ as Pure Acceptor Ligands: Structure and Bonding of [GaPt(GaCp*)4][BArF]. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006; 45:5207-10. [PMID: 16927329 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200601007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Buchin
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie II, Organometallics & Materials, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
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Steinke T, Gemel C, Winter M, Fischer RA. The clusters [Ma(ECp*)b] (M=Pd, Pt; E=Al, Ga, In): structures, fluxionality, and ligand exchange reactions. Chemistry 2006; 11:1636-46. [PMID: 15669061 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200400959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and structural characterization of the novel homoleptic cluster complexes [Pd2(GaCp*)2(mu2-GaCp*)3] (1c), [Pd3(GaCp*)4(mu2-GaCp*)4] (2b) and [Pd3(AlCp*)2(mu2-AlCp*)2(mu3-AlCp*)2] (3) (Cp*=C5Me5) are presented. Furthermore, ligand exchange reactions of these cluster complexes are explored. In contrast to the electronically and sterically saturated complexes [M(ECp*)4] (M=Ni, Pd, Pt), the new unsaturated analogues [M(a)(ER)b] (E=Al, Ga, In) react with a variety of typical ligands (Cp*Al, CO, phosphines, isonitriles) to give new di- and tri-substituted compounds like [Pt2(GaCp*)2(mu2-AlCp*)3] (1d), [PdPt(GaCp*)(PPh3)(mu2-GaCp*)3] (4b), or [Pd3(PPh3)3(mu2-InCp*)(mu3-InCp*)2] (8). The trends of the reactivity of [M(a)(ER)b] as well as their fluxional behavior in solution has been elucidated by NMR spectroscopy, resulting in a mechanistic rationale for the ligand exchange reactions as well as the fluxional processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Steinke
- Anorganische Chemie II--Organometallics & Materials, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
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47
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Kempter A, Gemel C, Hardman NJ, Fischer RA. Insertion of the Ga(I) Bis-imidinate Ga(DDP) into the Metal Halogen Bonds of Rh(I) Complexes. How Electrophilic Are Coordinated Ga(DDP) Fragments? Inorg Chem 2006; 45:3133-8. [PMID: 16562970 DOI: 10.1021/ic0521731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The reactivity of Ga(DDP) (DDP = 2-((2,6-diisopropylphenyl)amino-4-((2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imino)-2-pentene) towards the rhodium-chloride bonds of [RhCl(PPh3)3] and [RhCl(COE)2]2 (COE = cyclooctene) is investigated. Reaction of the first complex leads to [(Ph3P)2Rh{Ga(DDP)}(mu-Cl)] (1), exhibiting a chloride bridging the gallium and the rhodium atoms, whereas the second complex leads to a full insertion of the Ga(DDP) ligand into the Rh-Cl bond giving [(COE)(benzene)Rh{(DDP)GaCl}] (2) on coordination of the solvent C6H6. Compounds 1 und 2 readily react with the halide abstracting reagent Tl[BArF] (BArF = B[3,5-(CF3)2C6H3]4), yet the products could not be isolated and characterized because of their lability. The Au(I) complex [{(DDP)Ga}Au{Ga(DDP)}Cl] reacts with Na[BArF] giving the linear, symmetric cationic complex [{(DDP)Ga.THF}2Au][BArF] (3.2THF), exhibiting two THF molecules coordinated to the Ga(DDP) moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Kempter
- Anorganische Chemie II, Organometallics & Materials Chemistry, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
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Bontemps S, Gornitzka H, Bouhadir G, Miqueu K, Bourissou D. Rhodium(I) Complexes of a PBP Ambiphilic Ligand: Evidence for a Metal→Borane Interaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006; 45:1611-4. [PMID: 16470751 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200503649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Bontemps
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée du CNRS (UMR 5069), Université Paul Sabatier, 118, route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France
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Bontemps S, Gornitzka H, Bouhadir G, Miqueu K, Bourissou D. Rhodium(I) Complexes of a PBP Ambiphilic Ligand: Evidence for a Metal→Borane Interaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200503649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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50
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Buchin B, Gemel C, Cadenbach T, Schmid R, Fischer RA. Das [Ga2(C5Me5)]+-Ion: bipyramidale Doppelkegelstruktur und schwach koordiniertes, monovalentes Ga+. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200503028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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