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Deville-Foillard S, Billet A, Dubuisson RM, Johannes L, Durand P, Schmidt F, Volk A. High-Relaxivity Molecular MRI Contrast Agent to Target Gb3-Expressing Cancer Cells. Bioconjug Chem 2022; 33:180-193. [PMID: 34986302 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Targeted contrast agents (CAs) can improve magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for accurate cancer diagnosis. In this work, we used the Shiga toxin B-subunit (STxB) as a targeting agent, which binds to Gb3, a glycosphingolipid highly overexpressed on the surface of tumor cells. We developed STxB-targeted MRI probes from cyclic peptide scaffolds functionalized with six to nine monoamide DO3A[Gd(III)] chelates. The influence of structural constraints on the longitudinal relaxivity (r1) of the CAs has been studied. The cyclic peptide carrying nine monoamide DO3A[Gd(III)] exhibited a r1 per compound of 32 and 93 mM-1s-1 at 9.4 and 1.5 T, respectively. Its conjugation to the pentameric STxB protein led to a 70 kDa compound with a higher r1 of 150 and 475 mM-1 s-1 at 9.4 and 1.5 T, respectively. Specific accumulation and cellular distribution of this conjugate in Gb3-expressing cancer cells were demonstrated using immunofluorescence microscopy and quantified by an inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry dosage of Gd(III). Such an agent should enable the in vivo detection by MRI of tumors expressing Gb3 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Deville-Foillard
- Institut Curie, PSL University Paris, CNRS UMR3666, INSERM U1143, Cellular and Chemical Biology, Paris 75005, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UPR 2301, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Gif-sur-Yvette 91198, France
| | - Anne Billet
- Institut Curie, PSL University Paris, CNRS UMR3666, INSERM U1143, Cellular and Chemical Biology, Paris 75005, France
- Université de Paris, Paris F-75005, France
| | - Rose-Marie Dubuisson
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, INSERM, BioMaps, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Orsay 91401, France
| | - Ludger Johannes
- Institut Curie, PSL University Paris, CNRS UMR3666, INSERM U1143, Cellular and Chemical Biology, Paris 75005, France
| | - Philippe Durand
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UPR 2301, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Gif-sur-Yvette 91198, France
| | - Frédéric Schmidt
- Institut Curie, PSL University Paris, CNRS UMR3666, INSERM U1143, Cellular and Chemical Biology, Paris 75005, France
| | - Andreas Volk
- Institut Curie, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INSERM, CMIB, Orsay 91405, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, INSERM, BioMaps, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif 94800, France
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2
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Patle RY, Meshram JS. The advanced synthetic modifications and applications of multifunctional PAMAM dendritic composites. REACT CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1re00074h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The profound advances in dendrimer chemistry have led to new horizons in polymer science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramkrishna Y. Patle
- Mahatma Gandhi College of Science Gadchandur, Chandrapur, (M.S.)-442908, India
- PGTD Chemistry, R.T.M. Nagpur University, Nagpur, (M.S.)-440033, India
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3
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4
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Synthesis of versatile diglycolamide grafted dendritic polymer and using it as a ligand for metal partitioning. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2021.100084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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5
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Saluja V, Mishra Y, Mishra V, Giri N, Nayak P. Dendrimers based cancer nanotheranostics: An overview. Int J Pharm 2021; 600:120485. [PMID: 33744447 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a known deadliest disease that requires a judicious diagnostic, targeting, and treatment strategy for an early prognosis and selective therapy. The major pitfalls of the conventional approach are non-specificity in targeting, failure to precisely monitor therapy outcome, and cancer progression leading to malignancies. The unique physicochemical properties offered by nanotechnology derived nanocarriers have the potential to radically change the landscape of cancer diagnosis and therapeutic management. An integrative approach of utilizing both diagnostic and therapeutic functionality using a nanocarrier is termed as nanotheranostic. The nanotheranostics platform is designed in such a way that overcomes various biological barriers, efficiently targets the payload to the desired locus, and simultaneously supports planning, monitoring, and verification of treatment delivery to demonstrate an enhanced therapeutic efficacy. Thus, a nanotheranostic platform could potentially assist in drug targeting, image-guided focal therapy, drug release and distribution monitoring, predictionof treatment response, and patient stratification. A class of highly branched nanocarriers known as dendrimers is recognized as an advanced nanotheranostic platform that has the potential to revolutionize the oncology arena by its unique and exciting features. A dendrimer is a well-defined three-dimensional globular chemical architecture with a high level of monodispersity, amenability of precise size control, and surface functionalization. All the dendrimer properties exhibit a reproducible pharmacokinetic behavior that could ensure the desired biodistribution and efficacy. Dendrimers are thus being exploited as a nanotheranostic platform embodying a diverse class of therapeutic, imaging, and targeting moieties for cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikrant Saluja
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, PCTE Group of Institutes, Ludhiana, Punjab, India; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Yachana Mishra
- Department of Zoology, Shri Shakti Degree College, Sankhahari, Ghatampur, Kanpur Nagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vijay Mishra
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India.
| | - Namita Giri
- College of Pharmacy, Ferris State University, Big Rapids, MI 49307, USA
| | - Pallavi Nayak
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, PCTE Group of Institutes, Ludhiana, Punjab, India; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
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6
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Cellular internalization of targeted and non-targeted delivery systems for contrast agents based on polyamidoamine dendrimers. Russ Chem Bull 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-020-2835-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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7
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Gd 3+-nanoparticle-enhanced multivalent biosensing that combines magnetic relaxation switching and magnetic separation. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 155:112106. [PMID: 32090877 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we developed a multivalent magnetic biosensing strategy by integrating magnetic separation and magnetic relaxation switching (MRS) where Gd3+-loaded magnetic nanoparticles acted as the probe. As a transition metal ion, Gd3+ has multiple unpaired electrons in the d-orbitals that can induce a strong fluctuating magnetic field and thus can reduce the transverse relaxation time (T2), contributing to a strong magnetic signal. By loading Gd3+ onto magnetic nanoparticles, we prepared a multivalent magnetic probe that combined magnetic separation and MRS for the signal readout. This multivalent sensing technique simplified the procedures and greatly enhanced the detection sensitivity of conventional MRS assays. A sensitive detection of ractopamine in real samples has been demonstrated with this multivalent sensing technique. The magnetic probe enabled the detection of ractopamine in a linear range from 0.1 to 100 ng/mL and the limit of detection was 20 pg/mL, a 25-fold enhancement in the sensitivity compared with conventional MRS assays. This Gd3+-nanoparticle-mediated MRS biosensor is a potential magnetic platform to detect trace levels of targets in complex samples.
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8
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Garello F, Gündüz S, Vibhute S, Angelovski G, Terreno E. Dendrimeric calcium-sensitive MRI probes: the first low-field relaxometric study. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:969-979. [DOI: 10.1039/c9tb02600b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In the present work the first investigation ever of calcium sensitive dendrimer relaxation mechanisms at low fields is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Garello
- Molecular and Preclinical Imaging Centers
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences
- University of Torino
- 10126 Torino
- Italy
| | - Serhat Gündüz
- MR Neuroimaging Agents
- Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics
- Max-Planck-Ring 11
- 72076 Tuebingen
- Germany
| | - Sandip Vibhute
- Physiology of Cognitive Processes
- Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics
- Max-Planck-Ring 8
- 72076 Tuebingen
- Germany
| | - Goran Angelovski
- MR Neuroimaging Agents
- Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics
- Max-Planck-Ring 11
- 72076 Tuebingen
- Germany
| | - Enzo Terreno
- Molecular and Preclinical Imaging Centers
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences
- University of Torino
- 10126 Torino
- Italy
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9
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Synthesis and Relaxometric Characterization of New Poly[
N
,
N
‐bis(3‐aminopropyl)glycine] (PAPGly) Dendrons Gd‐Based Contrast Agents and Their
in Vivo
Study by Using the Dynamic Contrast‐Enhanced MRI Technique at Low Field (1 T). Chem Biodivers 2019; 16:e1900322. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201900322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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10
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Yon M, Billotey C, Marty JD. Gadolinium-based contrast agents: From gadolinium complexes to colloidal systems. Int J Pharm 2019; 569:118577. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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11
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Ndiaye M, Malytskyi V, Vangijzegem T, Sauvage F, Wels M, Cadiou C, Moreau J, Henoumont C, Boutry S, Muller RN, Harakat D, Smedt SD, Laurent S, Chuburu F. Comparison of MRI Properties between Multimeric DOTAGA and DO3A Gadolinium-Dendron Conjugates. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:12798-12808. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maleotane Ndiaye
- Laboratoire de RMN et d’Imagerie Moléculaire, Université de Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Volodymyr Malytskyi
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims, CNRS UMR 7312, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne URCA, F-51685 Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Thomas Vangijzegem
- Laboratoire de RMN et d’Imagerie Moléculaire, Université de Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Félix Sauvage
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mike Wels
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Cyril Cadiou
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims, CNRS UMR 7312, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne URCA, F-51685 Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Juliette Moreau
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims, CNRS UMR 7312, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne URCA, F-51685 Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Céline Henoumont
- Laboratoire de RMN et d’Imagerie Moléculaire, Université de Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Sébastien Boutry
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging, Rue Adrienne Bolland 8, B-6041 Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Robert N. Muller
- Laboratoire de RMN et d’Imagerie Moléculaire, Université de Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging, Rue Adrienne Bolland 8, B-6041 Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Dominique Harakat
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims, CNRS UMR 7312, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne URCA, F-51685 Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Stefaan De Smedt
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sophie Laurent
- Laboratoire de RMN et d’Imagerie Moléculaire, Université de Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging, Rue Adrienne Bolland 8, B-6041 Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Françoise Chuburu
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims, CNRS UMR 7312, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne URCA, F-51685 Reims Cedex 2, France
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12
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Synthesis and stability test of radiogadolinium(III)-DOTA-PAMAM G3.0-trastuzumab as SPECT-MRI molecular imaging agent for diagnosis of HER-2 positive breast cancer. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2014.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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13
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Abstract
Early diagnosis, noninvasive detection, and staging of various diseases, remain one of the major clinical barriers to effective medical treatment and prevention of disease progression toward major clinical consequences. Molecular imaging technologies play an indispensable role in the clinical field in overcoming these major barriers. The increasing application of imaging techniques and agents in early detection of different diseases such as cancer has resulted in improved treatment response and clinical patient management. In this chapter we will first introduce criteria for the design and engineering of calcium-binding protein (CaBP) parvalbumin as a protein Gd-MRI contrast agent (ProCA) with unprecedented metal selectivity for Gd3+ over physiological metal ions. We will then discuss the further development of targeted MRI contrast agent for molecular imaging of PSMA biomarker for early detection of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mani Salarian
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Shenghui Xue
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Inlighta Biosciences, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Oluwatosin Y Ibhagui
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jenny J Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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14
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Heidarizadeh M, Doustkhah E, Saberi F, Rostamnia S, Hassankhani A, Rezaei PF, Ide Y. Silica Nanostructures, a Heterogeneous Surface for Dendrimer Functionalization. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201800385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Heidarizadeh
- Organic and Nano Group (ONG), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; University of Maragheh; PO Box 55181-83111 Maragheh Iran
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science; University of Maragheh; PO Box 55181-83111 Maragheh Iran
| | - Esmail Doustkhah
- Organic and Nano Group (ONG), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; University of Maragheh; PO Box 55181-83111 Maragheh Iran
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitechtonics (MANA); National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS); 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044 Japan
| | - Farveh Saberi
- Departamento de Quimica Organica; Universidad de Cordoba, Edificio Marie Curie; Ctra Nnal IV, Km 396, E- 14014 Cordoba Spain
| | - Sadegh Rostamnia
- Organic and Nano Group (ONG), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; University of Maragheh; PO Box 55181-83111 Maragheh Iran
| | - Asadollah Hassankhani
- Department of New Materials, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences; Graduate University of Advanced Technology; Kerman Iran
| | - Parisa Fathi Rezaei
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science; University of Maragheh; PO Box 55181-83111 Maragheh Iran
| | - Yusuke Ide
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitechtonics (MANA); National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS); 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044 Japan
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15
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PAMAM dendrimer - cell membrane interactions. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 257:1-18. [PMID: 30008347 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2018.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PAMAM dendrimers have been conjectured for a wide range of biomedical applications due to their tuneable physicochemical properties. However, their application has been hindered by uncertainties in their cytotoxicity, which is influenced by dendrimer generation (i.e. size and surface group density), surface chemistry, and dosage, as well as cell specificity. In this review, biomedical applications of polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers and some related cytotoxicity studies are first outlined. Alongside these in vitro experiments, lipid membranes such as supported lipid bilayers (SLBs), liposomes, and Langmuir monolayers have been used as cell membrane models to study PAMAM dendrimer-membrane interactions. Related experimental and theoretical studies are summarized, and the physical insights from these studies are discussed to shed light on the fundamental understanding of PAMAM dendrimer-cell membrane interactions. We conclude with a summary of some questions that call for further investigations.
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16
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McMahon MT, Bulte JWM. Two decades of dendrimers as versatile MRI agents: a tale with and without metals. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 10:e1496. [PMID: 28895298 PMCID: PMC5989322 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Dendrimers or dendritic polymers are a class of compounds with great potential for nanomedical use. Some of their properties, including their rigidity, low polydispersity and the ease with which their surfaces can be modified make them particularly well suited for use as MRI diagnostic or theranostic agents. For the past 20 years, researchers have recognized this potential and refined dendrimer formulations to optimize these nanocarriers for a host of MRI applications, including blood pool imaging agents, lymph node imaging agents, tumor-targeted theranostic agents and cell tracking agents. This review summarizes the various types of dendrimers according to the type of MR contrast they can provide. This includes the metallic T1 , T2 and paraCEST imaging agents, and the non-metallic diaCEST and fluorinated (19 F) heteronuclear imaging agents. This article is categorized under: Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanomaterials and Implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T. McMahon
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jeff W. M. Bulte
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University Whiting School of Engineering, Baltimore, MD, USA
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17
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Ficker M, Paolucci V, Christensen JB. Improved large-scale synthesis and characterization of small and medium generation PAMAM dendrimers. CAN J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2017-0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Dendrimers are promising polymers for biomedical applications; however, most dendrimer formulations have failed to move from laboratory science to upscaled products for preclinical testing or GMP production. This publications reports on an improved large-scale PAMAM dendrimer synthesis that is suitable to manufacture large amounts of highly pure and monodisperse dendrimers of generations G0–G5. Furthermore, an extended analytical guideline how to characterize PAMAM dendrimers with NMR, HPLC, SEC-MALS, ESI, MALDI, UV–vis, fluorescence, and IR spectroscopy is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Ficker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg, DK-1871 Denmark
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg, DK-1871 Denmark
| | - Valentina Paolucci
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg, DK-1871 Denmark
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg, DK-1871 Denmark
| | - Jørn B. Christensen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg, DK-1871 Denmark
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg, DK-1871 Denmark
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18
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Tei L, Gugliotta G, Gambino G, Fekete M, Botta M. Developing High Field MRI Contrast Agents by Tuning the Rotational Dynamics: Bisaqua GdAAZTA-based Dendrimers. Isr J Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201700041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Tei
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica; Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”; Viale Teresa Michel 11 15121 Alessandria Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gugliotta
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica; Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”; Viale Teresa Michel 11 15121 Alessandria Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gambino
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica; Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”; Viale Teresa Michel 11 15121 Alessandria Italy
| | - Marianna Fekete
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica; Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”; Viale Teresa Michel 11 15121 Alessandria Italy
| | - Mauro Botta
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica; Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”; Viale Teresa Michel 11 15121 Alessandria Italy
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19
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Wang X, Milne M, Martínez F, Scholl TJ, Hudson RHE. Synthesis of a poly(Gd( iii)-DOTA)–PNA conjugate as a potential MRI contrast agent via post-synthetic click chemistry functionalization. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra09040d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
An operationally easy method provides poly(Gd3+chelate) PNA conjugates that form comb-like complexes with poly(rA) and demonstrate increased relaxivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | - Mark Milne
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | - Francisco Martínez
- Department of Medical Biophysics
- The Robarts Research Institute
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | - Timothy J. Scholl
- Department of Medical Biophysics
- The Robarts Research Institute
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
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20
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Yan Y, Zhang J, Ren L, Tang C. Metal-containing and related polymers for biomedical applications. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:5232-63. [PMID: 26910408 PMCID: PMC4996776 DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00026f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A survey of the most recent progress in the biomedical applications of metal-containing polymers is given. Due to the unique optical, electrochemical, and magnetic properties, at least 30 different metal elements, most of them transition metals, are introduced into polymeric frameworks for interactions with biology-relevant substrates via various means. Inspired by the advance of metal-containing small molecular drugs and promoted by the great progress in polymer chemistry, metal-containing polymers have gained momentum during recent decades. According to their different applications, this review summarizes the following biomedical applications: (1) metal-containing polymers as drug delivery vehicles; (2) metal-containing polymeric drugs and biocides, including antimicrobial and antiviral agents, anticancer drugs, photodynamic therapy agents, radiotherapy agents and biocides; (3) metal-containing polymers as biosensors, and (4) metal-containing polymers in bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical, University, Xi’an, Shannxi, 710129, China
| | - Jiuyang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Lixia Ren
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chuanbing Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
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Rashid HU, Martines MAU, Jorge J, de Moraes PM, Umar MN, Khan K, Rehman HU. Cyclen-based Gd 3+ complexes as MRI contrast agents: Relaxivity enhancement and ligand design. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:5663-5684. [PMID: 27729196 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.09.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 09/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive radiology technique used to examine the internal organs of human body. It is useful for the diagnosis of structural abnormalities in the body. Contrast agents are used to increase the sensitivity of this technique. 1,4,7,10-Tetraazacyclododecane (cyclen) is a macrocyclic tetraamine. Its derivatives act as useful ligands to produce stable complexes with Gd3+ ion. Such chelates are investigated as MRI contrast agents. Free Gd3+ ion is extremely toxic for in vivo use. Upon complexation with a cyclen-based ligand, it is trapped in the preformed central cavity of the ligand resulting in the formation of a highly stable Gd3+-chelate. Better kinetic and thermodynamic stability of cyclen-based MRI contrast agents decrease their potential toxicity for in vivo use. Consequently, such agents have proved to be safest for clinical applications. Relaxivity is the most important parameter used to measure the effectiveness of a contrast agent. A number of factors influence this parameter. This article elucidates detailed strategies to increase relaxivity of cyclen-based MRI contrast agents. 1,4,7,10-Tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) and 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7-triacetic acid (DO3A) are two key ligands derived from cyclen. They also act as building blocks for the synthesis of novel ligands. A few important methodologies for the synthesis of DOTA and DO3A derivatives are described. Moreover, the coordination geometry of chelates formed by these ligands and their derivatives is discussed as well. Novel ligands can be developed by the appropriate derivatization of DOTA and DO3A. Gd3+-chelates of such ligands prove to be useful MRI contrast agents of enhanced relaxivity, greater stability, better clearance, lesser toxicity and higher water solubility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haroon Ur Rashid
- Department of Chemistry, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan; Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.
| | | | - Juliana Jorge
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Paula Martin de Moraes
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Muhammad Naveed Umar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Lower Dir, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Kamin Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Hanif Ur Rehman
- Department of Chemistry, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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22
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Aryal S, Stigliano C, Key J, Ramirez M, Anderson J, Karmonik C, Fung S, Decuzzi P. Paramagnetic Gd3+ labeled red blood cells for magnetic resonance angiography. Biomaterials 2016; 98:163-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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23
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Lesniak WG, Oskolkov N, Song X, Lal B, Yang X, Pomper M, Laterra J, Nimmagadda S, McMahon MT. Salicylic Acid Conjugated Dendrimers Are a Tunable, High Performance CEST MRI NanoPlatform. NANO LETTERS 2016; 16:2248-53. [PMID: 26910126 PMCID: PMC4890470 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b04517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) is a novel MRI contrast mechanism that is well suited for imaging, however, existing small molecule CEST agents suffer from low sensitivity. We have developed salicylic acid conjugated dendrimers as a versatile, high performance nanoplatform. In particular, we have prepared nanocarriers based on generation 5-poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers with salicylic acid covalently attached to their surface. The resulting conjugates produce strong CEST contrast 9.4 ppm from water with the proton exchange tunable from ∼1000 s(-1) to ∼4500 s(-1) making these dendrimers well suited for sensitive detection. Furthermore, we demonstrate that these conjugates can be used for monitoring convection enhanced delivery into U87 glioblastoma bearing mice, with the contrast produced by these nanoparticles persisting for over 1.5 h and distributed over ∼50% of the tumors. Our results demonstrate that SA modified dendrimers present a promising new nanoplatform for medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech G. Lesniak
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Nikita Oskolkov
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Xiaolei Song
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Bachchu Lal
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Xing Yang
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Martin Pomper
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - John Laterra
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Sridhar Nimmagadda
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Michael T. McMahon
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
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24
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Mao X, Xu J, Cui H. Functional nanoparticles for magnetic resonance imaging. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 8:814-841. [PMID: 27040463 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticle-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents have received much attention over the past decade. By virtue of a high payload of magnetic moieties, enhanced accumulation at disease sites, and a large surface area for additional modification with targeting ligands, nanoparticle-based contrast agents offer promising new platforms to further enhance the high resolution and sensitivity of MRI for various biomedical applications. T 2 * superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) first demonstrated superior improvement on MRI sensitivity. The prevailing SPION attracted growing interest in the development of refined nanoscale versions of MRI contrast agents. Afterwards, T 1 -based contrast agents were developed, and became the most studied subject in MRI due to the positive contrast they provide that avoids the susceptibility associated with MRI signal reduction. Recently, chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) contrast agents have emerged and rapidly gained popularity. The unique aspect of CEST contrast agents is that their contrast can be selectively turned 'on' and 'off' by radiofrequency saturation. Their performance can be further enhanced by incorporating a large number of exchangeable protons into well-defined nanostructures. Besides activatable CEST contrast agents, there is growing interest in developing nanoparticle-based activatable MRI contrast agents responsive to stimuli (pH, enzyme, etc.), which improves sensitivity and specificity. In this review, we summarize the recent development of various types of nanoparticle-based MRI contrast agents, and have focused our discussions on the key advantages of introducing nanoparticles in MRI. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2016, 8:814-841. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1400 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinpei Mao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jiadi Xu
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Honggang Cui
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Department of Oncology and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Center for Nanomedicine, The Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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25
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Pharmacokinetics of Chiral Dendrimer-Triamine-Coordinated Gd-MRI Contrast Agents Evaluated by in Vivo MRI and Estimated by in Vitro QCM. SENSORS 2015; 15:31973-86. [PMID: 26694418 PMCID: PMC4721819 DOI: 10.3390/s151229900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Recently, we developed novel chiral dendrimer-triamine-coordinated Gd-MRI contrast agents (Gd-MRI CAs), which showed longitudinal relaxivity (r1) values about four times higher than that of clinically used Gd-DTPA (Magnevist®, Bayer). In our continuing study of pharmacokinetic differences derived from both the chirality and generation of Gd-MRI CAs, we found that the ability of chiral dendrimer Gd-MRI CAs to circulate within the body can be directly evaluated by in vitro MRI (7 T). In this study, the association constants (Ka) of chiral dendrimer Gd-MRI CAs to bovine serum albumin (BSA), measured and calculated with a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) in vitro, were found to be an extremely easy means for evaluating the body-circulation ability of chiral dendrimer Gd-MRI CAs. The Ka values of S-isomeric dendrimer Gd-MRI CAs were generally greater than those of R-isomeric dendrimer Gd-MRI CAs, which is consistent with the results of our previous MRI study in vivo.
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26
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Cheng L, Yuan C, Shen S, Yi X, Gong H, Yang K, Liu Z. Bottom-Up Synthesis of Metal-Ion-Doped WS₂ Nanoflakes for Cancer Theranostics. ACS NANO 2015; 9:11090-101. [PMID: 26445029 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b04606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Recently, two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have received tremendous attention in many fields including biomedicine. Herein, we develop a general method to dope different types of metal ions into WS2 nanoflakes, a typical class of TMDCs, and choose Gd(3+)-doped WS2 (WS2:Gd(3+)) with polyethylene glycol (PEG) modification as a multifunctional agent for imaging-guided combination cancer treatment. While WS2 with strong near-infrared (NIR) absorbance and X-ray attenuation ability enables contrasts in photoacoustic (PA) imaging and computed tomography (CT), Gd(3+) doping offers the nanostructure a paramagnetic property for magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. As revealed by trimodal PA/CT/MR imaging, WS2:Gd(3+)-PEG nanoflakes showed efficient tumor homing after intravenous injection. In vivo cancer treatment study further uncovered that WS2:Gd(3+)-PEG could not only convert NIR light into heat for photothermal therapy (PTT) but also enhance the ionizing irradiation-induced tumor damage to boost radiation therapy (RT). Owing to the improved tumor oxygenation after the mild PTT, the combination of PTT and RT induced by WS2:Gd(3+)-PEG resulted in a remarkable synergistic effect to destroy cancer. Our work highlights the promise of utilizing inherent physical properties of TMDC-based nanostructures, whose functions could be further enriched by elementary doping, for applications in multimodal bioimaging and synergistic cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Cheng
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University , Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Chao Yuan
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University , Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Sida Shen
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University , Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Xuan Yi
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection & School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University , Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Hua Gong
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University , Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Kai Yang
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection & School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University , Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Zhuang Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University , Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
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27
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Huang Y, Coman D, Hyder F, Ali MM. Dendrimer-Based Responsive MRI Contrast Agents (G1-G4) for Biosensor Imaging of Redundant Deviation in Shifts (BIRDS). Bioconjug Chem 2015; 26:2315-23. [PMID: 26497087 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5b00568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Biosensor imaging of redundant deviation in shifts (BIRDS) is a molecular imaging platform for magnetic resonance that utilizes unique properties of low molecular weight paramagnetic monomers by detecting hyperfine-shifted nonexchangeable protons and transforming the chemical shift information to reflect its microenvironment (e.g., via temperature, pH, etc.). To optimize translational biosensing potential of BIRDS we examined if this detection scheme observed with monomers can be extended onto dendrimers, which are versatile and biocompatible macromolecules with modifiable surface for molecular imaging and drug delivery. Here we report on feasibility of paramagnetic dendrimers for BIRDS. The results show that BIRDS is resilient with paramagnetic dendrimers up to the fourth generation (i.e., G1-G4), where the model dendrimer and chelate were based on poly(amido amine) (PAMAM) and 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA(4-)) complexed with thulium ion (Tm(3+)). Temperature sensitivities of two prominent signals of Gn-PAMAM-(TmDOTA(-))x (where n = 1-4, x = 6-39) were comparable to that of prominent signals in TmDOTA(-). Transverse relaxation times of the coalesced nonexchangeable protons on Gn-PAMAM-(TmDOTA(-))x were relatively short to provide signal-to-noise ratio that was comparable to or better than that of TmDOTA(-). A fluorescent dye, rhodamine, was conjugated to a G2-PAMAM-(TmDOTA)12 to create a dual-modality nanosized contrast agent. BIRDS properties of the dendrimer were unaltered with rhodamine conjugation. Purposely designed paramagnetic dendrimers for BIRDS in conjunction with novel macromolecular surface modification for functional ligands/drugs could potentially be used for biologically compatible theranostic sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Meser M Ali
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital , Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
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28
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Miyake Y, Kimura Y, Orito N, Imai H, Matsuda T, Toshimitsu A, Kondo T. Synthesis and functional evaluation of chiral dendrimer-triamine-coordinated Gd complexes with polyaminoalcohol end groups as highly sensitive MRI contrast agents. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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29
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Zhu J, Xiong Z, Shen M, Shi X. Encapsulation of doxorubicin within multifunctional gadolinium-loaded dendrimer nanocomplexes for targeted theranostics of cancer cells. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra01215e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Multifunctional gadolinium-loaded dendrimer nanocomplexes can be used to encapsulate doxorubicin for targeted magnetic resonance imaging and chemotherapy of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijuan Xiong
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- People's Republic of China
| | - Mingwu Shen
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyang Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- People's Republic of China
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30
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Hung AH, Holbrook RJ, Rotz MW, Glasscock CJ, Mansukhani ND, MacRenaris KW, Manus LM, Duch MC, Dam KT, Hersam MC, Meade TJ. Graphene oxide enhances cellular delivery of hydrophilic small molecules by co-incubation. ACS NANO 2014; 8:10168-77. [PMID: 25226566 PMCID: PMC4212791 DOI: 10.1021/nn502986e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The delivery of bioactive molecules into cells has broad applications in biology and medicine. Polymer-modified graphene oxide (GO) has recently emerged as a de facto noncovalent vehicle for hydrophobic drugs. Here, we investigate a different approach using native GO to deliver hydrophilic molecules by co-incubation in culture. GO adsorption and delivery were systematically studied with a library of 15 molecules synthesized with Gd(III) labels to enable quantitation. Amines were revealed to be a key chemical group for adsorption, while delivery was shown to be quantitatively predictable by molecular adsorption, GO sedimentation, and GO size. GO co-incubation was shown to enhance delivery by up to 13-fold and allowed for a 100-fold increase in molecular incubation concentration compared to the alternative of nanoconjugation. When tested in the application of Gd(III) cellular MRI, these advantages led to a nearly 10-fold improvement in sensitivity over the state-of-the-art. GO co-incubation is an effective method of cellular delivery that is easily adoptable by researchers across all fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy H. Hung
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Biosciences, Neurobiology, Biomedical Engineering, and Radiology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Robert J. Holbrook
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Biosciences, Neurobiology, Biomedical Engineering, and Radiology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Matthew W. Rotz
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Biosciences, Neurobiology, Biomedical Engineering, and Radiology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Cameron J. Glasscock
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Biosciences, Neurobiology, Biomedical Engineering, and Radiology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Nikhita D. Mansukhani
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2220 Campus Drive, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3108, United States
| | - Keith W. MacRenaris
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Biosciences, Neurobiology, Biomedical Engineering, and Radiology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Lisa M. Manus
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Biosciences, Neurobiology, Biomedical Engineering, and Radiology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Matthew C. Duch
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2220 Campus Drive, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3108, United States
| | - Kevin T. Dam
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Biosciences, Neurobiology, Biomedical Engineering, and Radiology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Mark C. Hersam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2220 Campus Drive, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3108, United States
- Address correspondence to ;
| | - Thomas J. Meade
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Biosciences, Neurobiology, Biomedical Engineering, and Radiology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
- Address correspondence to ;
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31
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Wiener EC, Abadjian MC, Sengar R, Vander Elst L, Van
Niekerk C, Grotjahn DB, Leung PY, Schulte C, Moore C, Rheingold AL. Bifunctional chelates optimized for molecular MRI. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:6554-68. [PMID: 24933389 PMCID: PMC4095910 DOI: 10.1021/ic500085g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Important requirements for exogenous dyes or contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) include an effective concentration of paramagnetic or superparamagnetic ions at the target to be imaged. We report the concise synthesis and characterization of several new enantiopure bifunctional derivatives of (α(1)R,α(4)R,α(7)R,α(10)R)-α(1),α(4),α(7),α(10)-tetramethyl-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTMA) (and their 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) analogues as controls) that can be covalently attached to a contrast agent delivery system using either click or peptide coupling chemistry. Gd complexes of these derivatives can be attached to delivery systems while maintaining optimal water residence time for increased molecular imaging sensitivity. Long chain biotin (LC-biotin) derivatives of the Eu(III) and Gd(III) chelates associated with avidin are used to demonstrate higher efficiencies. Variable-temperature relaxometry, (17)O NMR, and nuclear magnetic resonance dispersion (NMRD) spectroscopy used on the complexes and biotin-avidin adducts measure the influence of water residence time and rotational correlation time on constrained and unconstrained systems. The Gd(III)-DOTMA derivative has a shorter water residence time than the Gd(III)-DOTA derivative. Compared to the constrained Gd(III)-DOTA derivatives, the rotationally constrained Gd(III)-DOTMA derivative has ∼40% higher relaxivity at 37 °C, which could increase its sensitivity as an MRI agent as well as reduce the dose of the targeting agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik C. Wiener
- Hillman
Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh
Medical Center, 5117
Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Marie-Caline Abadjian
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Diego
State University, 5500
Campanile Drive, San Diego, California 92182-1030, United States
| | - Raghvendra Sengar
- Hillman
Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh
Medical Center, 5117
Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Luce Vander Elst
- Department
of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Hainaut, Belgium
| | - Christoffel Van
Niekerk
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Diego
State University, 5500
Campanile Drive, San Diego, California 92182-1030, United States
| | - Douglas B. Grotjahn
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Diego
State University, 5500
Campanile Drive, San Diego, California 92182-1030, United States
| | - Po Yee Leung
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Diego
State University, 5500
Campanile Drive, San Diego, California 92182-1030, United States
| | - Christie Schulte
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Diego
State University, 5500
Campanile Drive, San Diego, California 92182-1030, United States
| | - Curtis
E. Moore
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0385, United States
| | - Arnold L. Rheingold
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0385, United States
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32
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Martinelli J, Thangavel K, Tei L, Botta M. Dendrimeric β-Cyclodextrin/GdIIIChelate Supramolecular Host-Guest Adducts as High-Relaxivity MRI Probes. Chemistry 2014; 20:10944-52. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201402418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Xue S, Qiao J, Jiang J, Hubbard K, White N, Wei L, Li S, Liu ZR, Yang JJ. Design of ProCAs (protein-based Gd(3+) MRI contrast agents) with high dose efficiency and capability for molecular imaging of cancer biomarkers. Med Res Rev 2014; 34:1070-99. [PMID: 24615853 DOI: 10.1002/med.21313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the leading imaging technique for disease diagnostics, providing high resolution, three-dimensional images noninvasively. MRI contrast agents are designed to improve the contrast and sensitivity of MRI. However, current clinically used MRI contrast agents have relaxivities far below the theoretical upper limit, which largely prevent advancing molecular imaging of biomarkers with desired sensitivity and specificity. This review describes current progress in the development of a new class of protein-based MRI contrast agents (ProCAs) with high relaxivity using protein design to optimize the parameters that govern relaxivity. Further, engineering with targeting moiety allows these contrast agents to be applicable for molecular imaging of prostate cancer biomarkers by MRI. The developed protein-based contrast agents also exhibit additional in vitro and in vivo advantages for molecular imaging of disease biomarkers, such as high metal-binding stability and selectivity, reduced toxicity, proper blood circulation time, and higher permeability in tumor tissue in addition to improved relaxivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenghui Xue
- Departments of Chemistry and Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia; Center for Diagnostics & Therapeutics (CDT), Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia; Center for Biotechnology and Drug Design, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia
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34
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Nguyen TH, Bryant H, Shapsa A, Street H, Mani V, Fayad ZA, Frank JA, Tsimikas S, Briley-Saebo KC. Manganese G8 dendrimers targeted to oxidation-specific epitopes: in vivo MR imaging of atherosclerosis. J Magn Reson Imaging 2014; 41:797-805. [PMID: 24610640 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.24606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine if manganese (Mn) G8 dendrimers targeted to oxidation-specific epitopes (OSE) allow for in vivo detection of atherosclerotic lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS OSE have been identified as key factors in atherosclerotic plaque progression and destabilization. Mn offers a potentially clinically translatable alternative to gadolinium-based agents when bioretention and potential toxicity of gadolinium is anticipated. However, to be effective, high payloads of Mn must accumulate intracellularly in macrophages. It was hypothesized that G8 dendrimers targeted to OSE may allow delivery of high Mn payloads, thereby enabling in vivo detection of macrophage-rich plaques. G8 dendrimers were modified to allow conjugation with MnDTPA (758 Mn ion) and the antibody MDA2 that is targeted to malondialdehyde (MDA)-lysine epitopes. Both the untargeted and targeted G8 dendrimers were characterized and their in vivo efficacy evaluated in apoE(-/-) mice over a 96-hour time period after bolus administration of a 0.05 mmol Mn/kg dose using a clinical MR system (3T). RESULTS Significant enhancement (normalized enhancement >60%, P = 0.0013) of atherosclerotic lesions was observed within a 72-hour time period following administration of the targeted dendrimers. The presence of Mn within atherosclerotic lesions was confirmed using spectroscopic methods (>8 μg Mn/g). Limited signal attenuation (<18%) and Mn deposition (<1 μg Mn/g) was observed in the arterial wall following injection of the untargeted material. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that manganese-labeled dendrimers, allowing a high Mn payload, targeted to OSE may allow in vivo image of atherosclerotic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuyen H Nguyen
- Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute and Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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Huang CH, Tsourkas A. Gd-based macromolecules and nanoparticles as magnetic resonance contrast agents for molecular imaging. Curr Top Med Chem 2014; 13:411-21. [PMID: 23432004 DOI: 10.2174/1568026611313040002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Revised: 11/21/2012] [Accepted: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
As we move towards an era of personalized medicine, molecular imaging contrast agents are likely to see an increasing presence in routine clinical practice. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has garnered particular interest as a platform for molecular imaging applications due its ability to monitor anatomical changes concomitant with physiologic and molecular changes. One promising new direction in the development of MR contrast agents involves the labeling and/or loading of nanoparticles with gadolinium (Gd). These nanoplatforms are capable of carrying large payloads of Gd, thus providing the requisite sensitivity to detect molecular signatures within disease pathologies. In this review, we discuss some of the progress that has recently been made in the development of Gd-based macromolecules and nanoparticles and outline some of the physical and chemical properties that will be important to incorporate into the next generation of contrast agents, including high Gd chelate stability, high "relaxivity per particle" and "relaxivity density", and biodegradability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Hui Huang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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36
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Sung S, Holmes H, Wainwright L, Toscani A, Stasiuk GJ, White AJP, Bell JD, Wilton-Ely JDET. Multimetallic Complexes and Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles Based on a Combination of d- and f-Elements. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:1989-2005. [DOI: 10.1021/ic401936w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Sung
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Holly Holmes
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Luke Wainwright
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Anita Toscani
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Graeme J. Stasiuk
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J. P. White
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Jimmy D. Bell
- Metabolic and Molecular Imaging Group,
MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - James D. E. T. Wilton-Ely
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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Samuelson LE, Anderson BM, Bai M, Dukes MJ, Hunt CR, Casey JD, Han Z, Papadopoulos V, Bornhop DJ. A self-internalizing mitochondrial TSPO targeting imaging probe for fluorescence, MRI and EM. RSC Adv 2014; 4:9003-9011. [PMID: 32051760 DOI: 10.1039/c3ra47161f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in probes for cellular imaging have driven discoveries in biology and medicine. Primarily, antibodies and small molecules have been made for contrast enhancement of specific proteins. The development of new dendrimer-based tools offers opportunities to tune cellular internalization and targeting, image multiple modalities in the same molecule and explore therapeutics. The translocator protein (TSPO) offers an ideal target to develop dendrimer tools because it is well characterized and implicated in a number of disease states. The TSPO-targeted dendrimers reported here, primarily ClPhIQ-PAMAM-Gd-Liss, are cell membrane permeable nanoparticles that enable labeling of TSPO and provide contrast in fluorescence, electron microscopy and magnetic resonance imaging. The molecular binding affinity for TSPO was found to be 0.51 μM, 3 times greater than the monomeric agents previously demonstrated in our laboratory. The relaxivity per Gd3+ of the ClPhIQ23-PAMAM-Gd18 dendrimer was 7.7 and 8.0 mM-1 s-1 for r 1 and r 2 respectively, approximately double that of the clinically used monomeric Gd3+ chelates. In vitro studies confirmed molecular selectively for labeling TSPO in the mitochondria of C6 rat glioma and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. Fluorescence co-registration with Mitotracker Green® and increased contrast of osmium-staining in electron microscopy confirmed mitochondrial labeling of these TSPO-targeted agents. Taken collectively these experiments demonstrate the versatility of conjugation of our PAMAM dendrimeric chemistry to allow multi-modality agents to be prepared. These agents target organelles and use complementary imaging modalities in vitro, potentially allowing disease mechanism studies with high sensitivity and high resolution techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn E Samuelson
- Department of Chemistry, The Vanderbilt Institute for Chemical Biology and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, VU Station B 351822 Nashville, Tennessee 37235-1822, USA
| | - Bernard M Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, The Vanderbilt Institute for Chemical Biology and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, VU Station B 351822 Nashville, Tennessee 37235-1822, USA
| | - Mingfeng Bai
- Department of Chemistry, The Vanderbilt Institute for Chemical Biology and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, VU Station B 351822 Nashville, Tennessee 37235-1822, USA
| | - Madeline J Dukes
- Department of Chemistry, The Vanderbilt Institute for Chemical Biology and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, VU Station B 351822 Nashville, Tennessee 37235-1822, USA
| | - Colette R Hunt
- Department of Chemistry, The Vanderbilt Institute for Chemical Biology and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, VU Station B 351822 Nashville, Tennessee 37235-1822, USA
| | - Jonathon D Casey
- Department of Chemistry, The Vanderbilt Institute for Chemical Biology and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, VU Station B 351822 Nashville, Tennessee 37235-1822, USA
| | - Zeqiu Han
- Department of Biochemistry &Molecular and Ceilular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, BSB Room 315, 3900 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Vassilios Papadopoulos
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Departments of Medicine, Biochemistry, and Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Darryl J Bornhop
- Department of Chemistry, The Vanderbilt Institute for Chemical Biology and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, VU Station B 351822 Nashville, Tennessee 37235-1822, USA
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Molecular imaging of EGFR/HER2 cancer biomarkers by protein MRI contrast agents. J Biol Inorg Chem 2013; 19:259-70. [PMID: 24366655 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-013-1076-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and HER2 are major prognosis biomarkers and drug targets overexpressed in various types of cancer cells. There is a pressing need to develop MRI contrast agents capable of enhancing the contrast between normal tissues and tumors with high relaxivity, capable of targeting tumors, and with high intratumoral distribution and minimal toxicity. In this review, we first discuss EGFR signaling and its role in tumor progression as a major drug target. We then report our progress in the development of protein contrast agents with significant improvement of both r1 and r2 relaxivities, pharmacokinetics, in vivo retention time, and in vivo dose efficiency. Finally, we report our effort in the development of EGFR-targeted protein contrast agents with the capability to cross the endothelial boundary and with good tissue distribution across the entire tumor mass. The noninvasive capability of MRI to visualize spatially and temporally the intratumoral distribution as well as quantify the levels of EGFR and HER2 would greatly improve our ability to track changes of the biomarkers during tumor progression, monitor treatment efficacy, aid in patient selection, and further develop novel targeted therapies for clinical application.
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Ye Z, Wu X, Tan M, Jesberger J, Grisworld M, Lu ZR. Synthesis and evaluation of a polydisulfide with Gd-DOTA monoamide side chains as a biodegradable macromolecular contrast agent for MR blood pool imaging. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2013; 8:220-8. [PMID: 23606425 DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.1520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2012] [Revised: 10/06/2012] [Accepted: 11/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Macromolecular Gd(III)-based contrast agents are effective for contrast-enhanced blood pool and cancer MRI in preclinical studies. However, their clinical applications are impeded by potential safety concerns associated with slow excretion and prolonged retention of these agents in the body. To minimize the safety concerns of macromolecular Gd contrast agents, we have developed biodegradable macromolecular Gd contrast agents based on polydisulfide Gd(III) complexes. In this study, we designed and synthesized a new generation of the polydisulfide Gd(III) complexes containing a macrocyclic Gd(III) chelate, Gd-DOTA monoamide, to improve the in vivo kinetic inertness of the Gd(III) chelates. (N6-Lysyl)lysine-(Gd-DOTA) monoamide and 3-(2-carboxyethyldisulfanyl)propanoic acid copolymers (GODC) were synthesized by copolymerization of (N6-lysyl)lysine DOTA monoamide and dithiobis(succinimidylpropionate), followed by complexation with Gd(OAc)3. The GODC had an apparent molecular weight of 26.4 kDa and T1 relaxivity of 8.25 mM(-1) s(-1) per Gd at 1.5 T. The polymer chains of GODC were readily cleaved by L-cysteine and the chelates had high kinetic stability against transmetallation in the presence of an endogenous metal ion Zn(2+). In vivo MRI study showed that GODC produced strong and prolonged contrast enhancement in the vasculature and tumor periphery of mice with breast tumor xenografts. GODC is a promising biodegradable macromolecular MRI contrast agent with high kinetic stability for MR blood pool imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Ye
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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Longmire MR, Ogawa M, Choyke PL, Kobayashi H. Dendrimers as high relaxivity MR contrast agents. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2013; 6:155-62. [PMID: 24155241 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Dendrimers are versatile macromolecules with tremendous potential as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. Dendrimer-based agents provide distinct advantages over low-molecular-weight gadolinium chelates, including enhanced r1 relaxivity due to slow rotational dynamics, tunable pharmacokinetics that can be adapted for blood pool, liver, kidney, and lymphatic imaging, the ability to be a drug carrier, and flexibility for labeling due to their inherent multivalency. Clinical applications are increasingly being developed, particularly in lymphatic imaging. Herein we present a broad overview of dendrimer-based MRI contrast agents with attention to the unique chemistry and physical properties as well as emerging clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle R Longmire
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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41
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Yu YB. Fluorinated dendrimers as imaging agents for
19
F MRI. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2013; 5:646-61. [DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2013] [Revised: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yihua Bruce Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Maryland Baltimore MD USA
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering University of Maryland College Park MD USA
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Sitharaman B, Jacobson BD, Wadghiri YZ, Bryant H, Frank J. The magnetic, relaxometric, and optical properties of gadolinium-catalyzed single walled carbon nanotubes. JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS 2013; 113:134308. [PMID: 23653487 PMCID: PMC3631244 DOI: 10.1063/1.4796183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Accepted: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We report the magnetic behavior, relaxometry, phantom magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and near-infrared (NIR) photoluminescence spectroscopy of gadolinium (Gd) catalyzed single-walled carbon nanotubes (Gd-SWCNTs). Gd-SWCNTs are paramagnetic with an effective magnetic moment of 7.29 μB . Gd-SWCNT solutions show high r1 and r2 relaxivities at very low (0.01 MHz) to clinically relevant (61 MHz) magnetic fields (r1 ≥ 130 mM-1 s-1, r2 ≥ 160 mM-1 s-1). Analysis of nuclear magnetic resonance dispersion profiles using Solomon, Bloembergen, and Morgan equations suggests that multiple structural and dynamic parameters such as rotational correlation time [Formula: see text], rate of water exchange [Formula: see text], and the number of fast-exchanging water molecules within the inner sphere q may be responsible for the increase in r1 and r2 relaxivity. The T1 weighted MRI signal intensity (gradient echo sequence; repetition time (TR) = 66 ms, echo time (TE) = 3 ms, flop angle = 108°) of Gd-SWCNT phantom solution is 14 times greater than the Gd-based clinical MRI contrast agent Magnevist. Additionally, these nanotubes exhibit near infrared fluorescence with distinct E11 transitions of several semiconducting SWCNTs. Taken together, these results demonstrate that Gd-SWCNTs have potential as a novel, highly efficacious, multimodal MRI-NIR optical imaging contrast agent.
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Xue S, Qiao J, Pu F, Cameron M, Yang JJ. Design of a novel class of protein-based magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents for the molecular imaging of cancer biomarkers. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2013; 5:163-79. [PMID: 23335551 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of disease biomarkers, especially cancer biomarkers, could potentially improve our understanding of the disease and drug activity during preclinical and clinical drug treatment and patient stratification. MRI contrast agents with high relaxivity and targeting capability to tumor biomarkers are highly required. Extensive work has been done to develop MRI contrast agents. However, only a few limited literatures report that protein residues can function as ligands to bind Gd(3+) with high binding affinity, selectivity, and relaxivity. In this paper, we focus on reporting our current progress on designing a novel class of protein-based Gd(3+) MRI contrast agents (ProCAs) equipped with several desirable capabilities for in vivo application of MRI of tumor biomarkers. We will first discuss our strategy for improving the relaxivity by a novel protein-based design. We then discuss the effect of increased relaxivity of ProCAs on improving the detection limits for MRI contrast agent, especially for in vivo application. We will further report our efforts to improve in vivo imaging capability and our achievement in molecular imaging of cancer biomarkers with potential preclinical and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenghui Xue
- Departments of Chemistry and Biology, Center for Diagnostics & Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Chen Y, Yang H, Tang W, Cui X, Wang W, Chen X, Yuan Y, Hu A. Attaching double chain cationic Gd(iii)-containing surfactants on nanosized colloids for highly efficient MRI contrast agents. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:5443-5449. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb20807a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Lim J, Turkbey B, Bernardo M, Bryant LH, Garzoni M, Pavan GM, Nakajima T, Choyke PL, Simanek EE, Kobayashi H. Gadolinium MRI contrast agents based on triazine dendrimers: relaxivity and in vivo pharmacokinetics. Bioconjug Chem 2012; 23:2291-9. [PMID: 23035964 PMCID: PMC3586605 DOI: 10.1021/bc300461r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Four gadolinium (Gd)-based macromolecular contrast agents, G3-(Gd-DOTA)(24), G5-(Gd-DOTA)(96), G3-(Gd-DTPA)(24), and G5-(Gd-DTPA)(96), were prepared that varied in the size of dendrimer (generation three and five), the type of chelate group (DTPA or DOTA), and the theoretical number of metalated chelates (24 and 96). Synthesis relied on a dichlorotriazine derivatized with a DOTA or DTPA ligand that was incorporated into the dendrimer and ultimately metalated with Gd ions. Paramagnetic characteristics and in vivo pharmacokinetics of all four contrast agents were investigated. The DOTA-containing agents, G3-(Gd-DOTA)(24) and G5-(Gd-DOTA)(96), demonstrated exceptionally high r1 relaxivity values at off-peak magnetic fields. Additionally, G5-(Gd-DOTA)(96) showed increased r1 relaxivity in serum compared to that in PBS, which was consistent with in vivo images. While G3-(Gd-DOTA)(24) and G3-(Gd-DTPA)(24) were rapidly excreted into the urine, G5-(Gd-DOTA)(96) and G5-(Gd-DTPA)(96) did not clear as quickly through the kidneys. Molecular simulation of the DOTA-containing dendrimers suggests that a majority of the metalated ligands are accessible to water. These triazine dendrimer-based MRI contrast agents exhibit several promising features such as high in vivo r1 relaxivity, desirable pharmacokinetics, and well-defined structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongdoo Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76129
| | - Baris Turkbey
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Marcelino Bernardo
- SAIC-Frederick, Inc., NCI-Frederick, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland 21702
| | - L. Henry Bryant
- Laboratory of Diagnostic Radiology Research, Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Warren Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Matteo Garzoni
- Department of Innovative Technologies, University of Applied Science of Southern Switzerland, Galleria 2, Manno 6928, Switzerland (CH)
| | - Giovanni M. Pavan
- Department of Innovative Technologies, University of Applied Science of Southern Switzerland, Galleria 2, Manno 6928, Switzerland (CH)
| | - Takahito Nakajima
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Peter L. Choyke
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Eric E. Simanek
- Department of Chemistry, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76129
| | - Hisataka Kobayashi
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
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Yue X, Taraban MB, Hyland LL, Yu YB. Avoiding steric congestion in dendrimer growth through proportionate branching: a twist on da Vinci's rule of tree branching. J Org Chem 2012; 77:8879-87. [PMID: 23039185 DOI: 10.1021/jo301718y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Making defect-free macromolecules is a challenging issue in chemical synthesis. This challenge is especially pronounced in dendrimer synthesis where exponential growth quickly leads to steric congestion. To overcome this difficulty, proportionate branching in dendrimer growth is proposed. In proportionate branching, both the number and the length of branches increase exponentially but in opposite directions to mimic tree growth. The effectiveness of this strategy is demonstrated through the synthesis of a fluorocarbon dendron containing 243 chemically identical fluorine atoms with a MW of 9082 Da. Monodispersity is confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and small-angle X-ray scattering. Growing different parts proportionately, as nature does, could be a general strategy to achieve defect-free synthesis of macromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyi Yue
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland, 20 North Pine Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
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Balieu S, Cadiou C, Martinez A, Nuzillard JM, Oudart JB, Maquart FX, Chuburu F, Bouquillon S. Encapsulation of contrast imaging agents by polypropyleneimine-based dendrimers. J Biomed Mater Res A 2012; 101:613-21. [PMID: 22926966 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2012] [Revised: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 06/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Polypropyleneimines (PPIs) functionalized by glycerol-based entities are prepared and characterized by diffusion-ordered spectroscopy NMR. Showing low cytotoxicity against MRC5 fibroblasts, their encapsulation capacities of gadolinium complexes was evaluated. T(1) measurements were performed to determine the relaxivity of the encapsulated gadopentetate dimeglumine (GdBOPTA) in dendrimers of fourth and fifth generation (GD-PPI-4 and GD-PPI-5). Comparison of the GdBOPTA relaxivity and the relaxivity of GdBOPTA-loaded dendrimers showed a slight increase of the gadolinium chelate relaxivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Balieu
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims (ICMR), UMR CNRS No. 6229, UFR Sciences, Université Reims-Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
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Miyake Y, Kimura Y, Ishikawa S, Tsujita H, Miura H, Narazaki M, Matsuda T, Tabata Y, Yano T, Toshimitsu A, Kondo T. Synthesis and functional evaluation of chiral dendrimer–triamine-coordinated Gd complexes as highly sensitive MRI contrast agents. Tetrahedron Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.06.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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50
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Kosaka N, Bernardo M, Mitsunaga M, Choyke PL, Kobayashi H. MR and optical imaging of early micrometastases in lymph nodes: triple labeling with nano-sized agents yielding distinct signals. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2012; 7:247-53. [PMID: 22434638 DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Few imaging methods are available for depicting in vivo cancer cell migration within the lymphatic system. Detection of such early micrometastases requires extremely high target to background. In this study, we dual-labeled human breast cancer cells (MDA-MB468) with a small particle of iron oxide (SPIO) and a quantum dot (QD), and tracked these cells in the lymphatic system in mice using in vivo MRI and optical imaging. A generation-6 gadolinium-dendrimer-based MRI contrast agent (Gd-G6) was employed for visualizing regional lymphatic channels and nodes. Since Gd-G6 shortened T(1) leading to high signal, whereas SPIO-labeled cancer cells greatly lowered signal, a small number of cells were simultaneously visualized within the draining lymphatic basins. One million dual-labeled cancer cells were subcutaneously injected into the paws of mice 24 h prior to imaging. Then whole body images were acquired pre- and post-intracutaneous injection of Gd-G6 with 3D-T(1) w-FFE and balanced-FFE sequences for cancer cell tracking and MR lymphangiography. In vivo MRI clearly visualized labeled cancer cells migrating from the paw to the axillary lymph nodes using draining lymphatics. In vivo optical imaging using a fluorescence surgical microscope demonstrated tiny cancer cell clusters in the axillary lymph node with high spatial resolution. Thus, using a combination of MRI and optical imaging, it is possible to depict macro- and early micrometastases within the lymphatic system. This platform offers a versatile research tool for investigating and treating lymphatic metastases in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Kosaka
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1088, USA
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