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Wang L, Dong B, Xie Y, Kang H, Wu Y. The molecular mechanisms of recombinant chromosome 18 with parental pericentric inversions and a review of the literature. J Hum Genet 2023; 68:625-634. [PMID: 37161033 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-023-01157-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Chromosomal rearrangements mostly result from non-allelic homologous recombination mediated by low-copy repeats (LCRs) or segmental duplications (SDs). Recent studies on recombinant chromosome 18 (rec (18)) have focused on diagnoses and clinical phenotypes. We diagnosed two cases of prenatal rec (18) and identified precise breakpoint intervals using karyotype and chromosomal microarray analyses. We analyzed the distribution characteristics of breakpoint repetitive elements to infer rearrangement mechanisms and reviewed relevant literature to identify genetic trends. Among the 12 families with 25 pregnancies analyzed, 68% rec (18), 24% spontaneous abortions, and 8% normal births were reported. In the 17 rec (18) cases, 65% presented maternal origin and 35% were paternal. Short-arm breakpoints at p11.31 were reported in 10 cases, whereas the long-arm breakpoints were located at q21.3 (6 cases) and q12 (4 cases). Breakpoints of pericentric inversions on chromosome 18 are concentrated in p11.31, q21.3, and q12 regions. Rearrangements at 18p11.31 are non-recurrent events. ALUs, LINE1s, and MIRs were enriched at the breakpoint regions (1.85 to 3.42-fold enrichment over the entire chromosome 18), while SDs and LCRs were absent. ALU subfamilies had sequence identities of 85.94% and 83.01% between two pair breakpoints. Small repetitive elements may mediate recombination-coupled DNA repair processes, facilitating rearrangements on chromosome 18. Maternal inversion carriers are more prone to abnormal recombination in prenatal families with rec (18). Recombinant chromosomes may present preferential segregation during gamete formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxi Wang
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China.
| | - Bing Dong
- Department of Eugenics, Meishan Women and Children's Hospital, Alliance Hospital of West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Meishan, 620000, China
| | - Yamei Xie
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Han Kang
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Yong Wu
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
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Lee MJ, Park SH, Shim SH, Moon MJ, Cha DH. Prenatal diagnosis and molecular cytogenetic characterization of partial dup(18q)/del(18p) due to a paternal pericentric inversion 18 in a fetus with multiple anomalies. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2019; 58:318-323. [PMID: 31122516 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We present prenatal diagnosis of rec(18)dup(18q)inv(18)(p11.2q21.2)pat owing to paternal pericentric inversion in a fetus. CASE REPORT A 37-year-old woman was diagnosed with multiple anomalies on a prenatal ultrasound scan at 17 weeks and 5 days of gestation. She underwent amniocentesis at 20 weeks and 2 days. Conventional karyotyping of amniocyte showed 46, XX, der(18). She was thus referred for genetic counseling; cytogenetic analysis revealed a 46, XY karyotype, inv(18)(p11.2q21.2), of the father. Therefore, based on the results of the father, the fetal karyotype was defined as 46, XX, rec(18)dup(18q)inv(18)(p11.2q21.2)pat. Array comparative genomic hybridization of amniocytes to obtain specific information showed a 3-Mb deletion of 18p11.31p11.32 (136227_3100353)x1 and a 23.7-Mb duplication of 18q21.31-q23 (54222717_77957375) × 3. CONCLUSION Maternal serum screening produces normal results for 18p-/18q+ syndrome, but it can be diagnosed by fluorescent in situ hybridization, quantitative-fluorescent polymerase chain reaction, or array comparative genomic hybridization test by observing abnormal findings on ultrasound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jin Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Hee Park
- Genetic Laboratory, Fertility Center of CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung Han Shim
- Genetic Laboratory, Fertility Center of CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Myoung-Jin Moon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam-si, South Korea.
| | - Dong Hyun Cha
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul, South Korea.
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Gökpınar İli E, Altıner Ş, Karabulut HG. Cytogenetic, Molecular, and Phenotypic Characterization of a Patient with de novo Derivative Chromosome 18 and Review of the Literature. Cytogenet Genome Res 2019; 159:74-80. [PMID: 31658462 DOI: 10.1159/000503574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a patient with a de novo derivative chromosome 18 which includes a terminal deletion of 18p and a terminal duplication of 18q accompanied by a cryptic duplication of 18p. The girl had mild dysmorphic features such as micro-retrognathia, upslanted palpebral fissures, bilateral epicanthus, high palate, low-set ears, short neck, and full cheeks. She also had an H-type tracheoesophageal fistula which required surgery. Her cognitive and motor skills were delayed. Karyotype analysis showed an additional segment on the short arm of chromosome 18. Chromosomal microarray revealed a 7.3-Mb terminal loss from 18p11.32 to 18p11.23, a 22.2-Mb terminal gain from 18q21.31 to 18q23, and a 3.9-Mb interstitial gain from 18p11.22 to 18p11.21. We hypothesize that the mother has gonadal mosaicism for normal chromosome 18, der(18)dup(p11.22p11.21), and der(18)dup(p11. 22p11.21)inv(18)(p11.22q21.31), or both the terminal del/dup and the interstitial duplication occurred simultaneously.
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Poterico JA, Vásquez F, Chávez-Pastor M, Trubnykova M, Chavesta F, Chirinos J, Salcedo N, Mena R, Cubas S, González R, Alvariño R, Abarca-Barriga H. A Peruvian Child with 18p-/18q+ Syndrome and Persistent Microscopic Hematuria. J Pediatr Genet 2017; 6:258-266. [PMID: 29142771 DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1604099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Chromosome 18 pericentric inversion carriers could have offspring with recombinant chromosomes, leading to patients with clinical variable manifestations. Patients with 18p-/18q+ rearrangements share some clinical characteristics, while other characteristics differ. Factors for such divergence include the length of the inverted segment, among others. Here, we describe a Peruvian child with dysmorphic features, intellectual disability persistent microscopic hematuria, aortic pseudocoarctation, and descending aorta arteritis, among others. Karyotype analysis of family members determined the mother as the carrier of a pericentric inversion: 18[inv(18)(p11.2q21.3)]. This child carries a recombinant chromosome 18, with chromosomal microarray analysis detecting two genomic imbalances in patient's chromosome 18: one duplicated region and one deleted segment in the large and the short arms, respectively. Persistent microscopic hematuria has not been reported among 18p-/18q+ phenotypes. Our patient elucidates that other factors play significant and yet unknown roles for not fulfilling the proposed genotype-phenotype correlation associated with hemizygosity in this type of recombinant chromosome 18 or presenting these features as the patient ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio A Poterico
- Department of Pathology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, Lima, Perú
| | - Flor Vásquez
- Department of Genetic & Inborn Error Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño, Breña, Lima, Perú
| | - Miguel Chávez-Pastor
- Department of Genetic & Inborn Error Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño, Breña, Lima, Perú.,Faculty of Human Medicine Alberto Hurtado, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú
| | - Milana Trubnykova
- Department of Genetic & Inborn Error Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño, Breña, Lima, Perú
| | - Félix Chavesta
- Department of Genetic & Inborn Error Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño, Breña, Lima, Perú
| | - Jenny Chirinos
- Department of Genetic & Inborn Error Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño, Breña, Lima, Perú
| | - Nancy Salcedo
- Department of Genetic & Inborn Error Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño, Breña, Lima, Perú
| | - Rosmery Mena
- Department of Genetic & Inborn Error Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño, Breña, Lima, Perú
| | - Sulema Cubas
- Department of Genetic & Inborn Error Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño, Breña, Lima, Perú
| | - Rocío González
- Department of Genetic & Inborn Error Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño, Breña, Lima, Perú
| | - Rossana Alvariño
- Department of Genetic & Inborn Error Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño, Breña, Lima, Perú
| | - Hugo Abarca-Barriga
- Department of Genetic & Inborn Error Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño, Breña, Lima, Perú.,Postgraduate Program at Odontopediatrics, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Perú
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Lustosa-Mendes E, dos Santos AP, Viguetti-Campos NL, Vieira TP, Gil-da-Silva-Lopes VL. A boy with partial dup(18q)/del(18p) due to a maternal pericentric inversion: Genotype-phenotype correlation and risk of recombinant chromosomes based on systematic review of the literature. Am J Med Genet A 2016; 173:143-150. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Lustosa-Mendes
- Faculty of Medical Sciences; Department of Medical Genetics; University of Campinas (Unicamp); São Paulo Brazil
| | - Ana Paula dos Santos
- Faculty of Medical Sciences; Department of Medical Genetics; University of Campinas (Unicamp); São Paulo Brazil
| | - Nilma Lúcia Viguetti-Campos
- Faculty of Medical Sciences; Department of Medical Genetics; University of Campinas (Unicamp); São Paulo Brazil
| | - Társis Paiva Vieira
- Faculty of Medical Sciences; Department of Medical Genetics; University of Campinas (Unicamp); São Paulo Brazil
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Yi Z, Yingjun X, Yongzhen C, Liangying Z, Meijiao S, Baojiang C. Prenatal diagnosis of pure partial monosomy 18p associated with holoprosencephaly and congenital heart defects. Gene 2014; 533:565-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Revised: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Prenatal diagnosis and molecular cytogenetic characterization of a derivative chromosome der(18;18)(q10;q10)del(18)(q11.1q12.1)del(18)(q22.1q22.3) presenting as apparent isochromosome 18q in a fetus with holoprosencephaly. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2011; 50:182-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2011.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/06/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Recalcati MP, Valtorta E, Romitti L, Giardino D, Manfredini E, Vaccari R, Larizza L, Finelli P. Characterisation of complex chromosome 18p rearrangements in two syndromic patients with immunological deficits. Eur J Med Genet 2010; 53:186-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2010.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2009] [Accepted: 04/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abstract
Monosomy 18p refers to a chromosomal disorder resulting from the deletion of all or part of the short arm of chromosome 18. The incidence is estimated to be about 1:50,000 live-born infants. In the commonest form of the disorder, the dysmorphic syndrome is very moderate and non-specific. The main clinical features are short stature, round face with short philtrum, palpebral ptosis and large ears with detached pinnae. Intellectual deficiency is mild to moderate. A small subset of patients, about 10–15 percent of cases, present with severe brain/facial malformations evocative of holoprosencephaly spectrum disorders. In two-thirds of the cases, the 18p- syndrome is due to a mere terminal deletion occurring de novo, in one-third the following are possible: a de novo translocation with loss of 18p, malsegregation of a parental translocation or inversion, or a ring chr18. Parental transmission of the 18p- syndrome has been reported. Cytogenetic analysis is necessary to make a definite diagnosis. Recurrence risk for siblings is low in de novo deletions and translocations, but is significant if a parental rearrangement is present. Deletion 18p can be detected prenatally by amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling and cytogenetic testing. Differential diagnosis may include a wide number of syndromes with short stature and mild intellectual deficiency. In young children, deletion 18p syndrome may be vaguely evocative of either Turner syndrome or trisomy 21. No specific treatment exists but speech therapy and early educational programs may help to improve the performances of the children. Except for the patients with severe brain malformations, the life expectancy does not seem significantly reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Turleau
- Cytogénétique AP-HP et Inserm U781, Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, 75015 Paris, France.
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Shen J, Walsh CA. Targeted disruption of Tgif, the mouse ortholog of a human holoprosencephaly gene, does not result in holoprosencephaly in mice. Mol Cell Biol 2005; 25:3639-47. [PMID: 15831469 PMCID: PMC1084278 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.25.9.3639-3647.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
5'-TG-3'-interacting factor or transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta)-induced factor (TGIF) belongs to a family of evolutionarily conserved proteins that are characterized by an atypical three-amino-acid loop extension homeodomain. In vitro studies have implicated TGIF as a transcriptional repressor and corepressor in retinoid and TGF-beta signaling pathways that regulate several important biological processes. Heterozygous nonsense and missense mutations of the human TGIF gene have been associated with holoprosencephaly, the most common congenital malformation of the forebrain. In mice, Tgif mRNA is expressed ubiquitously in the ventricular neuroepithelium at embryonic day 10.5 (E10.5) but displays a medial to lateral gradient in the developing cerebral cortex at E12.5. The expression quickly declines by E14.5. The spatiotemporal expression profile of Tgif is consistent with its involvement in midline forebrain development. To better understand the function of Tgif in forebrain patterning and proliferation in vivo, we generated mice lacking Tgif by targeted deletion of exons 2 and 3, which encode 98% of the amino acids. Tgif(-)(/)(-) mice had no detectable Tgif protein by Western blotting. Surprisingly, however, these mice were viable and fertile. In addition, there were no discernible derangements in any of the major organ systems, including the forebrain. Overall our results point to a possible functional redundancy of Tgif, potentially provided by the closely related Tgif2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Shen
- Department of Neurology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, NRB 266, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Vermeulen SJ, Speleman F, Vanransbeeck L, Verspeet J, Menten B, Verschraegen-Spae MR, Wilde PD, Messiaen L, Michaelis RC, Leroy JG. Familial pericentric inversion of chromosome 18: behavioral abnormalities in patients heterozygous for either the dup(18p)/del(18q) or dup(18q)/del(18p) recombinant chromosome. Eur J Hum Genet 2004; 13:52-8. [PMID: 15470365 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe a family in which the largest hitherto reported pericentric inversion of chromosome 18, inv(18)(p11.22q23), segregates. Individuals heterozygous for the nonrecombinant inversion were unaffected. However, those heterozygous for either the dup(18p)/del(18q) or dup(18q) /del(18p) recombinant exhibited mild learning difficulty, personality disorders and deficient social behavior in the absence of mental retardation. Of the three family members tested, the behavioral abnormalities were more prominent in the two individuals with the dup(18p)/del(18q) recombinant than in the one with the dup(18q)/del(18p) recombinant. Genetic counseling issues for this family, in particular for the affected, include the enhanced probability of reduced fertility as well as the recurrence risk of the parental inversion equaling 1/2 in surviving offspring. This observation kindles the interest in determining the frequency of subtelomeric rearrangements in individuals with learning difficulty and deficiency in social interaction, phenotypic features often considered to be of multifactorial causation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan J Vermeulen
- Center for Medical Genetics, 0K5, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
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