1
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Kumar H, Dubey A, Prajapati G, Kant R, Ampapathi RS, Mandal PK. Regioselective direct sulfenylation of glycals using arylsulfonyl chlorides in the presence of triphenylphosphine: access to C2-thioaryl glycosides. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj05228d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cheap and easily available arylsulfonyl chlorides as a sulfur source reductively couple with glycals in the presence of triphenylphosphine to afford C2-thioaryl glycosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harikesh Kumar
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Atul Dubey
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Gurudayal Prajapati
- NMR Centre, SAIF, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Ruchir Kant
- Molecular and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Ravi S. Ampapathi
- NMR Centre, SAIF, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Pintu Kumar Mandal
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad-201002, India
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2
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Pal KB, Guo A, Das M, Báti G, Liu XW. Superbase-Catalyzed Stereo- and Regioselective Glycosylation with 2-Nitroglycals: Facile Access to 2-Amino-2-deoxy-O-glycosides. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c00753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Bhaskar Pal
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
| | - Aoxin Guo
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
| | - Mrinmoy Das
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
| | - Gábor Báti
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
| | - Xue-Wei Liu
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
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3
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Darbem MP, Esteves HA, Oliveira IM, Pimenta DC, Stefani HA. Palladium‐Catalyzed Thio‐ and Selenocarbonylation of 2‐Iodoglycals. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201901403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana P. Darbem
- Departamento de Farmácia Faculdade de Ciências FarmacêuticasUniversidade de São Paulo São Paulo, SP – Brazil
| | - Henrique A. Esteves
- Departamento de Farmácia Faculdade de Ciências FarmacêuticasUniversidade de São Paulo São Paulo, SP – Brazil
| | - Isadora M. Oliveira
- Departamento de Química Fundamental Instituto de QuímicaUniversidade de São Paulo São Paulo, SP – Brazil
| | | | - Hélio A. Stefani
- Departamento de Farmácia Faculdade de Ciências FarmacêuticasUniversidade de São Paulo São Paulo, SP – Brazil
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4
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Chennaiah A, Vankar YD. One-Step TEMPO-Catalyzed and Water-Mediated Stereoselective Conversion of Glycals into 2-Azido-2-deoxysugars with a PIFA–Trimethylsilyl Azide Reagent System. Org Lett 2018; 20:2611-2614. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b00814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ande Chennaiah
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Yashwant D. Vankar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
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5
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Affiliation(s)
- You Yang
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Biao Yu
- State
Key Laboratory of Bio-organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai
Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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6
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Ivanovs I, Bērziņa S, Lugiņina J, Belyakov S, Rjabovs V. Stereoselective Michael addition of O-nucleophiles to carbohydrate-based nitro-olefin. HETEROCYCL COMMUN 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/hc-2016-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractMichael addition reactions of O-nucleophiles to C(3) exocyclic nitromethylene derivative of diacetone glucose are reported. The reactions with primary alcohols proceed at ambient temperature in the presence of different bases with good yields and give products with excellent diastereoselectivity. The addition of the nucleophile occurs from the β-face of the carbohydrate as shown by single crystal X-ray analysis. The reactions with secondary alcohols give low yields of products while phenolic compounds do not react. Under certain conditions, isomerization of starting material is observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilgvalds Ivanovs
- 1Institute of Technology of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, P. Valdena 3/7, Riga, LV-1048, Latvia
| | - Santa Bērziņa
- 1Institute of Technology of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, P. Valdena 3/7, Riga, LV-1048, Latvia
| | - Jevgeņija Lugiņina
- 1Institute of Technology of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, P. Valdena 3/7, Riga, LV-1048, Latvia
| | - Sergey Belyakov
- 2Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles str. 21, Riga, LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Vitālijs Rjabovs
- 1Institute of Technology of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, P. Valdena 3/7, Riga, LV-1048, Latvia
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7
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Navo CD, Corzana F, Sánchez-Fernández EM, Busto JH, Avenoza A, Zurbano MM, Nanba E, Higaki K, Ortiz Mellet C, García Fernández JM, Peregrina JM. Conformationally-locked C-glycosides: tuning aglycone interactions for optimal chaperone behaviour in Gaucher fibroblasts. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:1473-84. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob02281a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of conformationally locked C-glycosides based on the 3-aminopyrano[3,2-b]pyrrol-2(1H)-one (APP) scaffold has been synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. D. Navo
- Departamento de Química and Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química
- Universidad de La Rioja
- 26006 Logroño
- Spain
| | - F. Corzana
- Departamento de Química and Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química
- Universidad de La Rioja
- 26006 Logroño
- Spain
| | | | - J. H. Busto
- Departamento de Química and Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química
- Universidad de La Rioja
- 26006 Logroño
- Spain
| | - A. Avenoza
- Departamento de Química and Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química
- Universidad de La Rioja
- 26006 Logroño
- Spain
| | - M. M. Zurbano
- Departamento de Química and Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química
- Universidad de La Rioja
- 26006 Logroño
- Spain
| | - E. Nanba
- Division of Functional Genomics
- Research Center for Bioscience and Technology
- Tottori University
- Yonago 683-8503
- Japan
| | - K. Higaki
- Division of Functional Genomics
- Research Center for Bioscience and Technology
- Tottori University
- Yonago 683-8503
- Japan
| | - C. Ortiz Mellet
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Facultad de Química
- Universidad de Sevilla
- 41012 Sevilla
- Spain
| | - J. M. García Fernández
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ)
- CSIC – Universidad de Sevilla
- 41092 Sevilla
- Spain
| | - J. M. Peregrina
- Departamento de Química and Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química
- Universidad de La Rioja
- 26006 Logroño
- Spain
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8
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Aly MRES, El Ashry ESH. Recent Advances Toward Robust N-Protecting Groups for Glucosamine as Required for Glycosylation Strategies. Adv Carbohydr Chem Biochem 2016; 73:117-224. [PMID: 27816106 DOI: 10.1016/bs.accb.2016.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
2-Amino-2-deoxy-d-glucose (d-glucosamine) is among the most abundant monosaccharides found in natural products. This constituent, recognized for its ubiquity, is presented in most instances as its N-acetyl derivative 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-glucopyranose (N-acetylglucosamine, GlcNAc, NAG). It occurs as the β-linked pyranosyl group in polysaccharides and oligosaccharides, and sometimes as the monosaccharide itself, either in its native state or as a glycoconjugate. The compound's acylation profile and other aspects of its structure are important elements in determining the variety of reactivities and functions of the molecule as a whole. Methods elaborated to investigate these challenges have been intensively reviewed; however, a relatively more comprehensive reviewing of this subject is introduced here to cover some aspects that have not been sufficiently covered. This might enable those who are beginners in this field to be aware of the subject in a more comprehensive context. 2-Amino-2-deoxy-d-glucosylation strategies demand robust amino-protecting groups that survive under a variety of chemical conditions, yet provide groups that can be deprotected under relatively mild conditions. At the end of this review, a table that includes all the N-protecting groups that have been used for glucosamine is provided to introduce them at a glance to aid in constructing building blocks that will act as useful 2-amino-2-deoxy-d-glucosyl donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ramadan El Sayed Aly
- Faculty of Science, Taif University, Taif, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
| | - El Sayed H El Ashry
- Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Universität Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
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9
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Umbreen S, Linker T. Simple synthesis of conformationally fixed glycosamine analogues by beckmann rearrangement at the carbohydrate ring. Chemistry 2015; 21:7340-4. [PMID: 25858360 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201406546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Revised: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Conformationally fixed carbohydrate analogues are promising small-molecule inhibitors for hydrolases like O-GlcNAcase (OGA); however, their synthesis usually requires many steps. Herein we describe cycloadditions of dichloroketene to various glycals and subsequent Beckmann rearrangements, which offer an easy and stereoselective entry to glycosamine derivatives in good yields. The reactions are applicable for hexoses, pentoses, and disaccharides, and transformations to the corresponding imidates proceed smoothly. First biological tests reveal that such imidates indeed inhibit human OGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumaira Umbreen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam (Germany), Fax: (+49) 331-977-5056
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10
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Peng P, Geng Y, Göttker-Schnetmann I, Schmidt RR. 2-Nitro-thioglycosides: α- and β-selective generation and their potential as β-selective glycosyl donors. Org Lett 2015; 17:1421-4. [PMID: 25740177 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b00295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Michael-type addition of thiolates to 2-nitro-D-glucal or to 2-nitro-D-galactal derivatives readily provides 2-deoxy-2-nitro-1-thioglycosides. Kinetic and thermodynamic reaction control permitted formation of either the α- or preferentially the β-anomers, respectively. Addition of achiral and chiral thiourea derivatives to the reaction mixture increased the reaction rate; the outcome is substrate-controlled. The 2-deoxy-2-nitro-1-thioglycosides are excellent glycosyl donors under arylsulfenyl chloride/silver triflate (ArSCl/AgOTf) activation, and they provide, anchimerically assisted by the nitro group, mostly β-glycosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Peng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Yiqun Geng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | | | - Richard R Schmidt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
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11
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Delaunay T, Poisson T, Jubault P, Pannecoucke X. 2-Nitroglycals: Versatile Building Blocks for the Synthesis of 2-Aminoglycosides. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201402805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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12
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Kishore G, Gautam V, Chandrasekaran S. Novel synthesis of carbohydrate fused α-amino γ-lactams and glycopeptides by NIS mediated ring opening of donor–acceptor substituted cyclopropanes. Carbohydr Res 2014; 390:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2014.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Revised: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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13
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Delaunay T, Poisson T, Jubault P, Pannecoucke X. Stereoselective Access to β-C-Glycosamines by Nitro-Michael Addition of Organolithium Reagents. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201402001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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14
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Aydillo C, Navo CD, Busto JH, Corzana F, Zurbano MM, Avenoza A, Peregrina JM. A Double Diastereoselective Michael-Type Addition as an Entry to Conformationally Restricted Tn Antigen Mimics. J Org Chem 2013; 78:10968-77. [DOI: 10.1021/jo4019396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Aydillo
- Departamento de Química
and Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química, Universidad de La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Claudio D. Navo
- Departamento de Química
and Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química, Universidad de La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Jesús H. Busto
- Departamento de Química
and Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química, Universidad de La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Francisco Corzana
- Departamento de Química
and Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química, Universidad de La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - María M. Zurbano
- Departamento de Química
and Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química, Universidad de La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Alberto Avenoza
- Departamento de Química
and Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química, Universidad de La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Jesús M. Peregrina
- Departamento de Química
and Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química, Universidad de La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain
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15
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Dharuman S, Gupta P, Kancharla PK, Vankar YD. Synthesis of 2-Nitroglycals from Glycals Using the Tetrabutylammonium Nitrate–Trifluoroacetic Anhydride–Triethylamine Reagent System and Base-Catalyzed Ferrier Rearrangement of Acetylated 2-Nitroglycals. J Org Chem 2013; 78:8442-50. [DOI: 10.1021/jo401165y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Dharuman
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208 016, India
| | - Preeti Gupta
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208 016, India
| | - Pavan K. Kancharla
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208 016, India
| | - Yashwant D. Vankar
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208 016, India
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16
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Ma X, Tang Q, Ke J, Wang H, Zou W, Shao H. A convenient and highly stereoselective method for synthesis of octahydropyrano[3,2-b]pyrrole derivatives. Carbohydr Res 2013; 366:55-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2012.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2012] [Revised: 10/29/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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17
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Xiang S, Ma J, Gorityala BK, Liu XW. Stereoselective synthesis of β-N-glycosides through 2-deoxy-2-nitroglycal. Carbohydr Res 2011; 346:2957-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2011.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2010] [Revised: 01/17/2011] [Accepted: 01/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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18
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Khodair AI, Schmidt RR. A Convenient Synthesis of Pyrano[2,3-b][1,5]oxazepines by Ring Closure of O-Glycosyl Amino Acids. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201101148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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19
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Pal AJ, Mallick A, Reddy YS, Vankar YD. Molecular iodine-promoted N- and C-glycosylation of 1-C-alkyl (or phenyl)-glycopyranoses. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.09.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Kancharla PK, Vankar YD. Chemistry of 2-Nitroglycals: A One-Pot Three-Component Stereoselective Approach toward 2-C-Branched O-Galactosides. J Org Chem 2010; 75:8457-64. [DOI: 10.1021/jo101735u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pavan K. Kancharla
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208 016, India
| | - Yashwant D. Vankar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208 016, India
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21
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John Pal A, Vankar YD. Azidation of anomeric nitro sugars: application in the synthesis of spiroaminals as glycosidase inhibitors. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Xue W, Sun J, Yu B. An Efficient Route toward 2-Amino-β-d-galacto- and -glucopyranosides via Stereoselective Michael-Type Addition of 2-Nitroglycals. J Org Chem 2009; 74:5079-82. [DOI: 10.1021/jo900609s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiansong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Biao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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Schmidt RR, Vankar YD. 2-nitroglycals as powerful glycosyl donors: application in the synthesis of biologically important molecules. Acc Chem Res 2008; 41:1059-73. [PMID: 18598060 DOI: 10.1021/ar7002495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[Reaction: see text]. The biological significance of oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates is profound and wide-ranging. For example, the mucins have attracted attention because of their role in fundamental cellular processes such as fertilization, parasitic infection, inflammation, immune defense, cell growth, and cell-cell adhesion. Increased expression of mucins is implicated in malignant transformation of cells. Antifreeze glycoproteins also are of interest because they are important for the survival of many marine teleost fishes that live in polar and subpolar waters. The synthesis of glycoconjugates requires methods for glycoside bond formation, the most difficult aspect of which is the assembly of monosaccharide building blocks. This Account discusses a valuable addition to the repertoire of methods for glycoconjugate synthesis: an approach that involves 2-nitroglycal concatenation. For a long time, methods for glycosylation via glycosyl donor generation required either an anomeric oxygen exchange reaction or anomeric oxygen retention. In the case of an anomeric oxygen exchange reaction, activation of the glycosyl donors demands a promoter in at least equimolar amounts. However, anomeric oxygen retention, such as base-catalyzed formation of O-glycosyl trichloroacetimidates, can be activated by catalytic amounts of acid or Lewis acid. Alternatively, glycals, which are readily available from sugars, can be an attractive starting material for glycoside bond formation. Their nucleophilic character at C-2 permits reactions with oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur electrophiles that under high substrate stereocontrol generally lead to three-membered rings; ring opening under acid catalysis furnishes the corresponding glycosides, whichdepending on the electrophile Xare also employed for 2-deoxyglycoside synthesis. Glycals also can be transformed into derivatives that have at C-2 an electron-withdrawing group and are amenable to Michael-type addition. A good example are 2-nitroglycals. In this case, glycoside bond formation is achieved under base catalysis and leads to 2-deoxy-2-nitroglycosides. These intermediates are readily converted into 2-amino-2-deoxyglycosides, which are constituents of almost all glycoconjugates. This 2-nitroglycal concatenation has been extensively investigated with 2-nitrogalactal derivatives. When alcohols are used as nucleophiles and strong bases used as catalysts, the result is primarily or exclusively the alpha-galacto-configured adducts. Some studies show that weaker bases may lead to preferential formation of the beta-galacto-configured products instead. The reaction was very successfully extended to other nucleophiles and also to other 2-nitroglycals that undergo base-catalyzed stereoselective Michael-type additions. Thus, 2-nitroglycals are versatile synthons in glycoconjugate and natural-products synthesis, and it is foreseeable that many more applications will be based on these readily available and highly functionalized skeletons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard R. Schmidt
- Fachbereich Chemie, Universität Konstanz, Fach M 725, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Yashwant D. Vankar
- Chemistry Department, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208 016, India
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Kumar A, Rawal GK, Vankar YD. Synthesis of hybrids of d-glucose and d-galactose with 1-deoxynojirimycin analogues using ring-closing metathesis. Tetrahedron 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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27
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Reddy BG, Schmidt RR. 2-Nitroglycals: versatile intermediates for efficient and highly stereoselective base-catalyzed glycoside bond formations. Nat Protoc 2008; 3:114-21. [DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2007.495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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28
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Francisco CG, Herrera AJ, Martín Á, Pérez-Martín I, Suárez E. Intramolecular 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer reaction promoted by phosphoramidyl and carbamoyl radicals: synthesis of 2-amino-C-glycosides. Tetrahedron Lett 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.06.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Rawal GK, Rani S, Kumar A, Vankar YD. Nafion-H mediated selective deprotection of terminal isopropylidene acetals and trityl ethers. Application in the synthesis of a substituted piperidone. Tetrahedron Lett 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2006.10.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Leonelli F, Capuzzi M, Calcagno V, Passacantilli P, Piancatelli G. Stereoselective Michael-Type Addition of Organocopper Reagents to Enones Derived from Glycals in the Synthesis of 2-Phosphono-α-C-Glycosides. European J Org Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200500149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Reddy BG, Vankar YD. The Synthesis of Hybrids ofD-Galactose with 1-Deoxynojirimycin Analogues as Glycosidase Inhibitors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2005; 44:2001-4. [PMID: 15724263 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200462413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B Gopal Reddy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology - Kanpur, Kanpur 208 016, India
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Reddy BG, Vankar YD. The Synthesis of Hybrids ofD-Galactose with 1-Deoxynojirimycin Analogues as Glycosidase Inhibitors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200462413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Reddy BG, Madhusudanan KP, Vankar YD. Trimethylsilylnitrate−Trimethylsilyl Azide: A Novel Reagent System for the Synthesis of 2-Deoxyglycosyl Azides from Glycals. Application in the Synthesis of 2-Deoxy-β-N-glycopeptides. J Org Chem 2004; 69:2630-3. [PMID: 15049677 DOI: 10.1021/jo0354948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A novel reagent system comprising Me(3)SiN(3) and 20 mol % of Me(3)SiONO(2) permits conversion of glycals to 1-azido 2-deoxy sugars in one step in fair to good yields. Galactals offer higher stereoselectivities than do the glucals. Reduction of the azide group with Ph(3)P-H(2)O to amino functionality followed by coupling with amino acids leads to the synthesis of novel 2-deoxy-beta-N-glycopeptides irrespective of the geometry of initial azido sugars. Using this protocol, a new gamma-sugar amino acid derivative is also procured.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Gopal Reddy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur-208 016, India
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Wen X, Hultin PG. Concise and stereocontrolled syntheses of phosphonate C-glycoside analogues of β-d-ManNAc and β-d-GlcNAc 1-O-phosphates. Tetrahedron Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2003.12.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Reddy B, Vankar YD. A convenient synthesis of methyl N-acetyl-α-d-lividosaminide from d-glucal. Tetrahedron Lett 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(03)01044-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abstract
The synthesis of several new sugar amino acid derivatives of 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose, bearing a C-glycosyl functionality as building blocks for the design and synthesis of natural glycoconjugates mimetics, is described. These compounds were prepared from the readily accessible per-benzylated amino C-allyl glucopyranosyl compounds, with TMSOTf/Ac(2)O-mediated selective acetolysis of the 6-O-benzyl group as the key step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Xie
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Glucides, CNRS UMR 7613, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005, Paris, France.
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