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Coelingh Bennink HJT, Foidart JM, Debruyne FMJ. Reply to Bexultan Kazybay and Yingqiu Xie's Letter to the Editor re: Herjan J.T. Coelingh Bennink, Jean-Michel Foidart, Frans M.J. Debruyne. Treatment of Serious COVID-19 with Testosterone Suppression and High-dose Estrogen Therapy. Eur Urol. In press. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2021.06.024. Eur Urol 2021; 80:e117-e118. [PMID: 34509303 PMCID: PMC8367783 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jean-Michel Foidart
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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Kukkar D, Kukkar P, Kumar V, Hong J, Kim KH, Deep A. Recent advances in nanoscale materials for antibody-based cancer theranostics. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 173:112787. [PMID: 33190049 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The quest for advanced management tools or options of various cancers has been on the rise to efficiently reduce their risks of mortality without the demerits of conventional treatments (e.g., undesirable side effects of the medications on non-target tissues, non-targeted distribution, slow clearance of the administered drugs, and the development of drug resistance over the duration of therapy). In this context, nanomaterials-antibody conjugates can offer numerous advantages in the development of cancer theranostics over conventional delivery systems (e.g., highly specific and enhanced biodistribution of the drug in targeted tissues, prolonged systemic circulation, low toxicity, and minimally invasive molecular imaging). This review comprehensively discusses and evaluates recent advances in the application of nanomaterial-antibody bioconjugates for cancer theranostics for the further advancement in the control of diverse cancerous diseases. Further, discussion is expanded to cover the various challenges and limitations associated with the design and development of nanomaterial-antibody conjugates applicable towards better management of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Kukkar
- Department of Nanotechnology, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab, 140406, India
| | - Preeti Kukkar
- Department of Chemistry, Mata Gujri College, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab, 140406, India
| | - Vanish Kumar
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Jongki Hong
- College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763 Republic of Korea.
| | - Akash Deep
- Central Scientific Instruments Organization (CSIR-CSIO), Sector 30 C, Chandigarh, 160030, India.
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Heudobler D, Rechenmacher M, Lüke F, Vogelhuber M, Klobuch S, Thomas S, Pukrop T, Hackl C, Herr W, Ghibelli L, Gerner C, Reichle A. Clinical Efficacy of a Novel Therapeutic Principle, Anakoinosis. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1357. [PMID: 30546308 PMCID: PMC6279883 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Classic tumor therapy, consisting of cytotoxic agents and/or targeted therapy, has not overcome therapeutic limitations like poor risk genetic parameters, genetic heterogeneity at different metastatic sites or the problem of undruggable targets. Here we summarize data and trials principally following a completely different treatment concept tackling systems biologic processes: the principle of communicative reprogramming of tumor tissues, i.e., anakoinosis (ancient greek for communication), aims at establishing novel communicative behavior of tumor tissue, the hosting organ and organism via re-modeling gene expression, thus recovering differentiation, and apoptosis competence leading to cancer control - in contrast to an immediate, "poisoning" with maximal tolerable doses of targeted or cytotoxic therapies. Therefore, we introduce the term "Master modulators" for drugs or drug combinations promoting evolutionary processes or regulating homeostatic pathways. These "master modulators" comprise a broad diversity of drugs, characterized by the capacity for reprogramming tumor tissues, i.e., transcriptional modulators, metronomic low-dose chemotherapy, epigenetically modifying agents, protein binding pro-anakoinotic drugs, such as COX-2 inhibitors, IMiDs etc., or for example differentiation inducing therapies. Data on 97 anakoinosis inducing schedules indicate a favorable toxicity profile: The combined administration of master modulators, frequently (with poor or no monoactivity) may even induce continuous complete remission in refractory metastatic neoplasia, irrespectively of the tumor type. That means recessive components of the tumor, successively developing during tumor ontogenesis, are accessible by regulatory active drug combinations in a therapeutically meaningful way. Drug selection is now dependent on situative systems characteristics, to less extent histology dependent. To sum up, anakoinosis represents a new substantive therapy principle besides novel targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Heudobler
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Rechenmacher
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Florian Lüke
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Martin Vogelhuber
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Klobuch
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Simone Thomas
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Pukrop
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christina Hackl
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Herr
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lina Ghibelli
- Department Biology, Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Christopher Gerner
- Faculty Chemistry, Institut for Analytical Chemistry, University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Albrecht Reichle
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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Venturelli M, Guaitoli G, Omarini C, Moscetti L. Spotlight on triptorelin in the treatment of premenopausal women with early-stage breast cancer. BREAST CANCER-TARGETS AND THERAPY 2018; 10:39-49. [PMID: 29551913 PMCID: PMC5844254 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s137508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine treatment represents the cornerstone of endocrine-sensitive premenopausal early breast cancer. The estrogen blockade plays a leading role in the therapeutic management of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer together with surgery, radiotherapy, and selective antiestrogen treatments. For several years, selective estrogen receptor modulators, such as tamoxifen, have represented the mainstay of therapy. The role of amenorrhea has been extensively elucidated in the past year: the benefit observed with chemotherapy-induced amenorrhea has strengthened its therapeutic role. Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) has been introduced in oncology practice to induce amenorrhea in order to increase the advantage obtained from endocrine treatment. Triptorelin is one of the most widely used LHRH analogs currently available in clinical practice. It was recently investigated in two major clinical trials that studied the role of complete estrogen blockade in the premenopausal setting. Both showed the clinical benefit due to ovarian suppression treatment, primarily in high-risk patients. Furthermore, triptorelin and other LHRH analogs have recently been investigated in the attempt to preserve the ovarian function in young patients. The medical treatment of early breast cancer is always evolving in the effort to search for safe and efficacious treatments. The role of LHRH analogs is actually well recognized as contributing to the improvement of the medical treatment of premenopausal women with early breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Venturelli
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Giorgia Guaitoli
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Claudia Omarini
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Luca Moscetti
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology and Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico di Modena, Modena, Italy
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Targeting luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone: A potential therapeutics to treat gynecological and other cancers. J Control Release 2018; 269:277-301. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Belcher SM, Burton CC, Cookman CJ, Kirby M, Miranda GL, Saeed FO, Wray KE. Estrogen and soy isoflavonoids decrease sensitivity of medulloblastoma and central nervous system primitive neuroectodermal tumor cells to chemotherapeutic cytotoxicity. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2017; 18:63. [PMID: 28877739 PMCID: PMC5585986 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-017-0160-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our previous studies demonstrated that growth and migration of medulloblastoma (MB), the most common malignant brain tumor in children, are stimulated by 17β-estradiol. The growth stimulating effects of estrogens are mediated through ERβ and insulin-like growth factor 1 signaling to inhibit caspase 3 activity and reduce tumor cell apoptosis. The objective of this study was to determine whether estrogens decreased sensitivity of MB cells to cytotoxic actions of chemotherapeutic drugs. METHODS Using in vitro cell viability and clonogenic survival assays, concentration response analysis was used to determine whether the cytoprotective effects of estradiol protected human D283 Med MB cells from the cytotoxic actions of the MB chemotherapeutic drugs cisplatin, vincristine, or lomustine. Additional experiments were done to determine whether the ER antagonist fulvestrant or the selective ER modulator tamoxifen blocked the cytoprotective actions of estradiol. ER-selective agonists and antagonists were used to define receptor specificity, and the impacts of the soy-derived phytoestrogens genistein, daidzein, and s-equol on chemosensitivity were evaluated. RESULTS In D283 Med cells the presence of 10 nM estradiol increased the IC50 for cisplatin-induced inhibition of viability 2-fold from ~5 μM to >10 μM. In clonogenic survival assays estradiol decreased the chemosensitivity of D283 Med cells exposed to cisplatin, lomustine and vincristine. The ERβ selective agonist DPN and low physiological concentrations of the soy-derived phytoestrogens genistein, daidzein, and s-equol also decreased sensitivity of D283 Med cells to cisplatin. The protective effects of estradiol were blocked by the antiestrogens 4-hydroxytamoxifen, fulvestrant (ICI 182,780) and the ERβ selective antagonist PPHTP. Whereas estradiol also decreased chemosensitivity of PFSK-1 cells, estradiol increased sensitivity of Daoy cell to cisplatin, suggesting that ERβ mediated effects may vary in different MB celltypes. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate that E2 and environmental estrogens decrease sensitivity of MB to cytotoxic chemotherapeutics, and that ERβ selective and non-selective inhibition of estrogen receptor activity blocks these cytoprotective actions. These findings support the therapeutic potential of antiestrogen adjuvant therapies for MB, and findings that soy phytoestrogens also decrease sensitivity of MB cells to cytotoxic chemotherapeutics suggest that decreased exposure to environmental estrogens may benefit MB patient responses to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott M. Belcher
- Department of Biological Science and Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, Summer Undergraduate Research Program University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, Molecular, Cellular and Biochemical Pharmacology PhD Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Caleb C. Burton
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, Summer Undergraduate Research Program University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Clifford J. Cookman
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, Molecular, Cellular and Biochemical Pharmacology PhD Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Michelle Kirby
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Gabriel L. Miranda
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, Summer Undergraduate Research Program University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Fatima O. Saeed
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, Molecular, Cellular and Biochemical Pharmacology Masters in Safety Pharmacology Training Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Kathleen E. Wray
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, Summer Undergraduate Research Program University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA
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Scharl A, Salterberg A, Untch M, Liedtke C, Stickeler E, Papathemelis T. Treatment Modification in Young Breast Cancer Patients. Oncol Res Treat 2016; 39:122-8. [PMID: 27031253 DOI: 10.1159/000444355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Patients not older than 40 years are referred to as young patients. These women benefit from chemo-, endocrine and anti-HER2 therapy to a similar degree as older women. Surgery and radiation therapy also follow the same recommendations. This manuscript deals with the following topics that need special consideration in young women: endocrine therapy and ovarian suppression; fertility protection and family planning; and genetic counselling. There is an on-going debate on whether tamoxifen is sufficient as an endocrine treatment in young patients with endocrine-responsive tumours or whether suppression of ovarian function in combination with tamoxifen or aromatase inhibitor should be preferred. Recent data suggest a benefit from ovarian suppression plus exemestane in women of 35 years or younger with high-risk breast cancer. However, increased side effects bear the risk of lesser compliance, which eventually results in higher mortality. Child bearing is nowadays frequently postponed to the 4th decade of life, thereby increasing the number of women who have not yet finished their reproductive desires when diagnosed with breast cancer. These patients are in urgent need of counselling for fertility protection. Breast cancer diagnosis at young age is an indication for a possible mutation in breast cancer susceptibility genes. This has an impact on the cancer risk of the whole family, especially the offspring. Drugs that are specifically targeted to cancer cells with genetic alterations that impair DNA repair are already entering the arsenal of oncologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Scharl
- Frauenklinik, Klinikum St. Marien Amberg, Amberg, Germany
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Schinkel JK, Zahm SH, Jatoi I, McGlynn KA, Gallagher C, Schairer C, Shriver CD, Zhu K. Racial/ethnic differences in breast cancer survival by inflammatory status and hormonal receptor status: an analysis of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results data. Cancer Causes Control 2014; 25:959-68. [PMID: 24839049 PMCID: PMC5729913 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-014-0395-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compared to non-inflammatory breast cancer (non-IBC), inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) has less favorable survival and is more likely to be estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) negative. ER-/PR- tumors, regardless of histology, have less favorable survival. While black women are more likely to have IBC and ER-/PR- tumors than white women, it is unclear whether the racial disparity in survival is explained by these factors. The objective of this study was to assess racial/ethnic differences in breast cancer survival by inflammatory status and hormone receptor status. METHODS This study examined breast cancer mortality among non-Hispanic white (NHW), Hispanic white, black, and Asian/Pacific Islander (API) women diagnosed between 1990 and 2004 using the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results data. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox proportional hazard ratios (HRs) assessed the relationship between race/ethnicity and survival. RESULTS Black women had significantly poorer survival than NHW women regardless of inflammatory status and hormone receptor status. Compared to NHWs, the HRs for black women were 1.32 (95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.21-1.44), 1.43 (95 % CI 1.20-1.69), and 1.30 (95 % CI 1.16-1.47) for IBC, IBC with ER+/PR+, and with ER-/PR-, respectively. Similar HRs were found for non-IBC, non-IBC with ER+/PR-, and non-IBC with ER-/PR-. API women had significantly better survival than NHW women regardless of inflammatory status and hormone receptor status. CONCLUSION Compared to NHW women, black women had poorer survival regardless of inflammatory status and hormone receptor status and API women had better survival. These results suggest that factors other than inflammatory status and hormone receptor status may play a role in racial/ethnic disparities in breast cancer survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill K Schinkel
- John P. Murtha Cancer Center, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA,
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Risbridger GP, Davis ID, Birrell SN, Tilley WD. Breast and prostate cancer: more similar than different. Nat Rev Cancer 2010; 10:205-12. [PMID: 20147902 DOI: 10.1038/nrc2795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer and prostate cancer are the two most common invasive cancers in women and men, respectively. Although these cancers arise in organs that are different in terms of anatomy and physiological function both organs require gonadal steroids for their development, and tumours that arise from them are typically hormone-dependent and have remarkable underlying biological similarities. Many of the recent advances in understanding the pathophysiology of breast and prostate cancers have paved the way for new treatment strategies. In this Opinion article we discuss some key issues common to breast and prostate cancer and how new insights into these cancers could improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gail P Risbridger
- Department of Anatomy & Developmental Biology, Monash University Clayton Campus, Melbourne 3800, Victoria, Australia.
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Bese NS, Iribas A, Dirican A, Oksuz D, Atkovar G, Ober A. Ovarian ablation by radiation therapy: is it still an option for the ablation of ovarian function in endocrine responsive premenopausal breast cancer patients? Breast 2009; 18:304-8. [PMID: 19800233 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2009.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2009] [Revised: 08/28/2009] [Accepted: 09/08/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Surgical or medical ovarian ablation is likely to be the treatment of choice at the current time, radiation ablation (RA) can be still a reasonable alternative. The efficacy and toxicity of radiation therapy (RT) for ovarian function suppression in 118 premenopausal breast cancer patients were retrospectively evaluated. The median age was 39 years (range 21-52 years). RT was given with either Co-60 or 15MV photons of the linear accelerator. The median total dose was 15Gy in 4 consecutive fractions (range 5Gy single fraction-36Gy in 18 fractions over 3.5 weeks). The endpoint for treatment efficacy was menstrual status. Amenorrhea was noted in 113 of 118 patients (96%) in 6 months following RA. Five patients (4%) who had still normal menstrual functioning after 6 months of RA underwent estradiol and follicle stimulating hormone measurements and were found to have premenopausal levels. No acute Grade 3 or 4 (according to the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group radiation morbidity scoring criteria) toxicities were noted. With a median follow-up of 24.5 months (range: 6-167), no late severe complications that could be attributable to RT were reported. RA should be considered as an option for endocrine responsive premenopausal breast cancer patients and can be easily delivered when postoperative or palliative irradiation is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuran S Bese
- Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Department of Radiation Oncology, Istanbul, Turkey.
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