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Feng F, Li T, Liang Y, Gao W, Yang L. Structural changes and anti-hepatocellular carcinoma activity of interferon-γ after interaction with sinensetin. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126392. [PMID: 37595707 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Exploring the interaction of small molecules with therapeutic proteins can provide useful information about development of ligand-protein complexes as synergistically therapeutic platforms. In this study, the interaction of sinensetin with human interferon gamma (IFNγ) was evaluated experimentally and theoretically. Also, the synergistic effects of IFNγ- sinensetin complex on the inhibition of hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell proliferation were assessed by cell viability and quantitative real time PCR assays. It was realized that sinensetin interacts with IFNγ through a static quenching mechanism and hydrophobic forces mediated by presence of Lys55 and Lys58 amino acid residues in the binding site were the main contributing forces in the spontaneous formation of IFNγ-sinensetin complex. Also, the interaction of sinensetin with IFNγ did not induce a significant change in the secondary and tertiary structure of the protein. Cellular assays revealed a synergistic effect of sinensetin on IFNγ -triggered anticancer action in HepG2 cells through overexpression of caspase-3 mRNA and protein. In conclusion, this study may hold great promise for the development of potential ligand- protein complexes for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiling Feng
- Department of Biliary Tract Surgery I, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Tiehua Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingchao Liang
- Department of Radiation Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China.
| | - Liang Yang
- Department of Radiation Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201204, China.
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Abdelbaky SB, Ibrahim MT, Samy H, Mohamed M, Mohamed H, Mustafa M, Abdelaziz MM, Forrest ML, Khalil IA. Cancer immunotherapy from biology to nanomedicine. J Control Release 2021; 336:410-432. [PMID: 34171445 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
With the significant drawbacks of conventional cancer chemotherapeutics, cancer immunotherapy has demonstrated the ability to eradicate cancer cells and circumvent multidrug resistance (MDR) with fewer side effects than traditional cytotoxic therapies. Various immunotherapeutic agents have been investigated for that purpose including checkpoint inhibitors, cytokines, monoclonal antibodies and cancer vaccines. All these agents aid immune cells to recognize and engage tumor cells by acting on tumor-specific pathways, antigens or cellular targets. However, immunotherapeutics are still associated with some concerns such as off-target side effects and poor pharmacokinetics. Nanomedicine may resolve some limitations of current immunotherapeutics such as localizing delivery, controlling release and enhancing the pharmacokinetic profile. Herein, we discuss recent advances of immunotherapeutic agents with respect to their development and biological mechanisms of action, along with the advantages that nanomedicine strategies lend to immunotherapeutics by possibly improving therapeutic outcomes and minimizing side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma B Abdelbaky
- University of Science and Technology, Zewail City, 6th of October City, Giza 12578, Egypt; Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States of America
| | - Mayar Tarek Ibrahim
- University of Science and Technology, Zewail City, 6th of October City, Giza 12578, Egypt; Department of Chemistry, Center for Scientific Computation, Center for Drug Discovery, Design, and Delivery (CD4), Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, United States of America
| | - Hebatallah Samy
- University of Science and Technology, Zewail City, 6th of October City, Giza 12578, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Menatalla Mohamed
- University of Science and Technology, Zewail City, 6th of October City, Giza 12578, Egypt; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Hebatallah Mohamed
- University of Science and Technology, Zewail City, 6th of October City, Giza 12578, Egypt; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Mahmoud Mustafa
- University of Science and Technology, Zewail City, 6th of October City, Giza 12578, Egypt
| | - Moustafa M Abdelaziz
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - M Laird Forrest
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA.
| | - Islam A Khalil
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University of Science and Technology (MUST), 6th of October, Giza 12582, Egypt.
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Le-Deygen IM, Skuredina AA, Kudryashova EV. Experimental Methods to Study the Mechanisms of Interaction of Lipid Membranes with Low-Molecular-Weight Drugs. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162020040123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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4
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Stability of 12 T-helper cell-associated cytokines in human serum under different pre-analytical conditions. Cytokine 2020; 129:155044. [PMID: 32109722 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2020.155044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Cytokines are soluble and readily analyzed signaling molecules which reveal vital cues about the state of the immune system. As such, they serve in diagnosis and monitoring of immune-related disorders, where strictly controlled handling of the samples including storage and freeze/thawing procedures are required. In basic research and clinical trials, human serum samples can be left for long-term storage before processing. Storage space is commonly limited in scientific laboratories, which require storage of fewer but larger aliquots of patient serum samples. There are also practical limitations to the number of analytes to be processed at the same time. Further, new findings and technological progress might prompt analysis of hitherto unconsidered or undetectable molecules. Repeated freeze/thawing of serum samples is therefore a likely scenario, raising the question of the stability of the measured analytes under such conditions. To address this question, we subjected serum samples with spiked-in T-helper cell associated cytokines to several cycles of freeze/thawing under different conditions, including storage at -20 °C or -80 °C and thawing at 4 °C, 22 °C, and 37 °C, respectively. The concentration of TNF-α, IL-4, IL-17F, and IL-22 decreased after storage at room temperature for 4 h before freezing. Generally, storage at -20 °C resulted in reduced cytokine concentrations. This contrasts storage at -80 °C, which gave stable analyte concentrations; unaffected by repeated freeze/thaw cycles. The study presented here highlights the need for sentinel samples with known cytokine concentrations as internal control for the freeze/thaw process.
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Ribeiro EB, de Marchi PGF, Honorio-França AC, França EL, Soler MAG. Interferon-gamma carrying nanoemulsion with immunomodulatory and anti-tumor activities. J Biomed Mater Res A 2019; 108:234-245. [PMID: 31587469 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The therapeutic administration of cytokines has been introduced aiming to modulate the immune response system, seeking for different approaches to face pathologies such as cancer, auto immune and infectious diseases. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of a stable oil-in-water (O/W) nanoemulsion system carrying the cytokine Interferon gamma (IFN-γ) on the activity of phagocytes and MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Nanoemulsions were prepared through ultra-homogenization, and they consisted of distilled water, triglycerides of capric acid/caprylic, sorbitan-oleate, polysorbate 80, and 1-butanol. IFN-γ (100 ng ml-1 ) was incorporated into two O/W nanoemulsion formulations, and these formulations were characterized in terms of their preliminary and accelerated physicochemical stability, rheological properties, droplet size, polydispersity and surface charge. We identified the most optimal IFN-γ nanoemulsion (IFN-γNE2), which remained stable under extreme temperature variations for 90 days, contained an average dose of 97 ng ml-1 of IFN-γ and exhibited a biocompatible pH and a relative stable rheological profile. Cell viability and intracellular Ca2+ release assays conducted showed that IFN-γNE2 reduced the cell viability of MCF-7 cells without affecting the cell viability of phagocytes. Furthermore, IFN-γNE2 was able to induce cellular activity of phagocytes as evidenced by increased intracellular Ca2+ release in these cells. Our findings on this IFN-γ nanoemulsion suggest that it can be a promising therapeutic agent for immunostimulation and cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elton B Ribeiro
- Institute of Physics, University of Brasilia, Brasilia-DF, Brazil.,Institute of Health Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Sinop, MT, Brazil
| | - Patricia G F de Marchi
- Institute of Biological and Health Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças, MT, Brazil
| | - Adenilda C Honorio-França
- Institute of Biological and Health Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças, MT, Brazil
| | - Eduardo L França
- Institute of Biological and Health Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças, MT, Brazil
| | - Maria A G Soler
- Institute of Physics, University of Brasilia, Brasilia-DF, Brazil
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Christian DA, Hunter CA. Particle-mediated delivery of cytokines for immunotherapy. Immunotherapy 2012; 4:425-41. [PMID: 22512636 DOI: 10.2217/imt.12.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability of cytokines to direct the immune response to vaccination, infection and tumors has motivated their use in therapy to augment or shape immunity. To avoid toxic side effects associated with systemic cytokine administration, several approaches have been developed using particle-encapsulated cytokines to deliver this cargo to specific cell types and tissues. Initial work used cytokine-loaded particles to deliver proinflammatory cytokines to phagocytes to enhance antimicrobial and antitumor responses. These particles have also been used to create a cytokine depot at a local site to supplement prophylactic or antitumor vaccines or injected directly into solid tumors to activate immune cells to eliminate established tumors. Finally, recent advances have revealed that paracrine delivery of cytokines directly to T cells has the potential to enhance T-cell mediated therapies. The studies reviewed here highlight the progress in the last 30 years that has established the potential of particle-mediated cytokine immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Christian
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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7
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Preparing and evaluating delivery systems for proteins. Eur J Pharm Sci 2006; 29:174-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2006.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2006] [Accepted: 05/15/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Qiu J, Wei XH, Geng F, Liu R, Zhang JW, Xu YH. Multivesicular liposome formulations for the sustained delivery of interferon alpha-2b. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2005; 26:1395-401. [PMID: 16225764 DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-7254.2005.00188.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To develop and optimize a sustained release multivesicular liposome (MVL) formulation of interferon (IFN) alpha-2b. METHODS IFN alpha-2b MVL were prepared using a typical double-emulsion procedure. The sustained release effects of IFN alpha-2b MVL were investigated by monitoring the blood IFN alpha-2b concentration using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test after subcutaneous administration to healthy mice. RESULTS IFN alpha-2b was successfully encapsulated in MVL with high efficiency, and the integrity of encapsulated protein was maintained. After subcutaneous injection, the MVL slowly released IFN alpha-2b into systemic circulation in a sustained manner. The estimated serum half-life of IFN alpha-2b was approximately 30 h. In addition, varying the size of the MVL preparations could further modify the in vivo release profile. CONCLUSION IFN alpha-2b MVL may be a useful sustained release formulation in the clinical treatment of viral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
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Segura S, Espuelas S, Renedo MJ, Irache JM. Potential of albumin nanoparticles as carriers for interferon gamma. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2005; 31:271-80. [PMID: 15830723 DOI: 10.1081/ddc-52063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Although interferon gamma (IFN-gamma has been extensively studied as a potent activator for macrophages and as a promising adjuvant in vaccines, its rapid biodegradation and clearance have severely limited its clinical efficacy. Our major objective in this work was to develop formulation conditions to get high association of the cytokine to albumin nanoparticles, without leading any conformational changes and subsequent loss of activity. To achieve this objective, two different formulations were prepared by either 1) incubation between the cytokine and the newly prepared nanoparticles (IFN-NPA) or 2) between the protein and IFN-gamma prior coacervation (IFN-NPB). Steady-state fluorescence emission spectra revealed that the environment of the tryptophan (Trp) residue was not affected by conditions of mechanical stress required for preparing nanoparticles. A bioassay for antiproliferative activity with Hela cells indicated that the cytokine, after their desorption from the surface of nanoparticles (IFN-NPA), fully retained its activity. It also indicated that the cytokine was principally associated with nanoparticles via electrostatic interactions and confirmed by desorption experiments carried out in media with different pH and ionic strength, with burst effect ranked in the order pH 5 > pH 7.4 > pH 8.5. Also, the adsorption of IFN-gamma onto these carriers was able to improve the priming effects of IFN-gamma on the nitric oxide production (NO) by RAW macrophages. On the contrary, when we incubated the cytokine with the albumin solution prior to the desolvation process for preparing nanoparticles (IFN-NPB), we obtained better encapsulation efficiencies (around 100%), but the cytokine was inactive: it was not detected by ELISA or bioassay in Hela cells and unable to stimulate NO production by macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Segura
- Centro Galénico, Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnologia Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1, Ap. 177, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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Younes HM, Amsden BG. Interferon-gamma therapy: evaluation of routes of administration and delivery systems. J Pharm Sci 2002; 91:2-17. [PMID: 11782893 DOI: 10.1002/jps.10007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Although different routes and delivery systems have been used to deliver interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) for the treatment of a variety of viral and neoplastic diseases, little has been reported regarding the most efficient and least toxic routes and drug delivery modes required to achieve these goals. To have a greater understanding of the best strategies to use to administer this cytokine in an efficient, stable, and safe manner, this review details aspects of IFN-gamma concerning its mechanism of action, physical properties, and pharmacokinetics. One important conclusion that is drawn from this analysis is that a consistent, local concentration of IFN-gamma is necessary to achieve an optimal therapeutic response. A critical discussion covering the advantages and limitations of the currently used methodologies to deliver IFN-gamma in such a fashion is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Husam M Younes
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2N8, Canada
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Van Slooten ML, Boerman O, Romøren K, Kedar E, Crommelin DJ, Storm G. Liposomes as sustained release system for human interferon-gamma: biopharmaceutical aspects. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2001; 1530:134-45. [PMID: 11239816 DOI: 10.1016/s1388-1981(00)00174-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Interferon-gamma (IFNgamma) has proven to be a promising adjuvant in vaccines against cancer and infectious diseases. However, due to its rapid biodegradation and clearance, its efficacy is severely reduced. Liposomal association might prolong the residence time of IFNgamma, but no efforts have been made to optimize the biopharmaceutical characteristics of liposomal IFNgamma for its application in therapy or as vaccine immunoadjuvant. In the present study, various liposomal formulations of recombinant human IFNgamma (hIFNgamma), differing in lipid composition, were prepared via the film hydration method and characterized in vitro regarding association efficiency and bioactivity, and in vivo regarding cytokine release kinetics after subcutaneous (s.c.) administration into mice. Human IFNgamma can be formulated in large, multilamellar liposomes with high association efficiency (>80%) and preservation of bioactivity. A critical parameter is the inclusion of negatively charged phospholipids to obtain a high liposome association efficiency, which is dominated by electrostatic interactions. The fraction of externally adsorbed protein compared to the total associated protein can be minimized from 74+/-9% to 8+/-3% by increasing the ionic strength of the dispersion medium. After injection of free (125)I-hIFNgamma, the radiolabel was detectable up to 48 h at the injection site. Liposomal encapsulation of (125)I-hIFNgamma increased the local area under the curve 4-fold, and the presence of the radiolabeled hIFNgamma at the injection site was prolonged to 7 days. The release kinetics and overall residence time of the cytokine at the s.c. administration site was influenced by depletion of the externally adsorbed IFNgamma, reducing the initial burst release. Increasing the rigidity of the liposome bilayer also resulted in a more pronounced reduction of the burst release and a 19-fold increase in the residence time of the protein at the s.c. administration site, compared to the free cytokine. As adjuvanticity of liposomal IFNgamma may strongly depend on the release kinetics of cytokines in vivo, the findings in this paper may contribute to a rational design of liposomal-cytokine adjuvants in vaccines against cancer and infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Van Slooten
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Netherlands
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