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Huang Y, Zhen Y, Chen Y, Sui S, Zhang L. Unraveling the interplay between RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway and autophagy in cancer: From molecular mechanisms to targeted therapy. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 217:115842. [PMID: 37802240 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway is one of the most important pathways of Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), which widely participate in regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and signaling transduction. Autophagy is an essential mechanism that maintains cellular homeostasis by degrading aged and damaged organelles. Recently, some studies revealed RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway is closely related to autophagy regulation and has a dual effect in tumor cells. However, the specific mechanism by which RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway participates in autophagy regulation is not fully understood. This article provides a comprehensive review of the research progress with regard to the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway and autophagy, as well as their interplay in cancer therapy. The impact of small molecule inhibitors that target the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway on autophagy is discussed in this study. The advantages and limitations of the clinical combination of these small molecule inhibitors with autophagy inhibitors are also explored. The findings from this study may provide additional perspectives for future cancer treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunli Huang
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Yongqi Zhen
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yanmei Chen
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shaoguang Sui
- Emergency Department, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China.
| | - Lan Zhang
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China.
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Salvato I, Ricciardi L, Dal Col J, Nigro A, Giurato G, Memoli D, Sellitto A, Lamparelli EP, Crescenzi MA, Vitale M, Vatrella A, Nucera F, Brun P, Caicci F, Dama P, Stiff T, Castellano L, Idrees S, Johansen MD, Faiz A, Wark PA, Hansbro PM, Adcock IM, Caramori G, Stellato C. Expression of targets of the RNA-binding protein AUF-1 in human airway epithelium indicates its role in cellular senescence and inflammation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1192028. [PMID: 37483631 PMCID: PMC10360199 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1192028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The RNA-binding protein AU-rich-element factor-1 (AUF-1) participates to posttranscriptional regulation of genes involved in inflammation and cellular senescence, two pathogenic mechanisms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Decreased AUF-1 expression was described in bronchiolar epithelium of COPD patients versus controls and in vitro cytokine- and cigarette smoke-challenged human airway epithelial cells, prompting the identification of epithelial AUF-1-targeted transcripts and function, and investigation on the mechanism of its loss. Results RNA immunoprecipitation-sequencing (RIP-Seq) identified, in the human airway epithelial cell line BEAS-2B, 494 AUF-1-bound mRNAs enriched in their 3'-untranslated regions for a Guanine-Cytosine (GC)-rich binding motif. AUF-1 association with selected transcripts and with a synthetic GC-rich motif were validated by biotin pulldown. AUF-1-targets' steady-state levels were equally affected by partial or near-total AUF-1 loss induced by cytomix (TNFα/IL1β/IFNγ/10 nM each) and siRNA, respectively, with differential transcript decay rates. Cytomix-mediated decrease in AUF-1 levels in BEAS-2B and primary human small-airways epithelium (HSAEC) was replicated by treatment with the senescence- inducer compound etoposide and associated with readouts of cell-cycle arrest, increase in lysosomal damage and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors, and with AUF-1 transfer in extracellular vesicles, detected by transmission electron microscopy and immunoblotting. Extensive in-silico and genome ontology analysis found, consistent with AUF-1 functions, enriched RIP-Seq-derived AUF-1-targets in COPD-related pathways involved in inflammation, senescence, gene regulation and also in the public SASP proteome atlas; AUF-1 target signature was also significantly represented in multiple transcriptomic COPD databases generated from primary HSAEC, from lung tissue and from single-cell RNA-sequencing, displaying a predominant downregulation of expression. Discussion Loss of intracellular AUF-1 may alter posttranscriptional regulation of targets particularly relevant for protection of genomic integrity and gene regulation, thus concurring to airway epithelial inflammatory responses related to oxidative stress and accelerated aging. Exosomal-associated AUF-1 may in turn preserve bound RNA targets and sustain their function, participating to spreading of inflammation and senescence to neighbouring cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Salvato
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
- Respiratory Medicine Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dentistry and Morphological and Functional Imaging (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Luca Ricciardi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
- Respiratory Medicine Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dentistry and Morphological and Functional Imaging (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Jessica Dal Col
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Annunziata Nigro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Giorgio Giurato
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Domenico Memoli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Assunta Sellitto
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Erwin Pavel Lamparelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Maria Assunta Crescenzi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Monica Vitale
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vatrella
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Francesco Nucera
- Respiratory Medicine Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dentistry and Morphological and Functional Imaging (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Paola Dama
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Stiff
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Leandro Castellano
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Sobia Idrees
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Matt D. Johansen
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Alen Faiz
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter A. Wark
- Immune Health, Hunter Medical Research Institute and The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Philip M. Hansbro
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Immune Health, Hunter Medical Research Institute and The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Ian M. Adcock
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London and the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gaetano Caramori
- Respiratory Medicine Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dentistry and Morphological and Functional Imaging (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Cristiana Stellato
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
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Fratta E, Giurato G, Guerrieri R, Colizzi F, Dal Col J, Weisz A, Steffan A, Montico B. Autophagy in BRAF-mutant cutaneous melanoma: recent advances and therapeutic perspective. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:202. [PMID: 37386023 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01496-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy, hereafter referred to as autophagy, represents a highly conserved catabolic process that maintains cellular homeostasis. At present, the role of autophagy in cutaneous melanoma (CM) is still controversial, since it appears to be tumor-suppressive at early stages of malignant transformation and cancer-promoting during disease progression. Interestingly, autophagy has been found to be often increased in CM harboring BRAF mutation and to impair the response to targeted therapy. In addition to autophagy, numerous studies have recently conducted in cancer to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of mitophagy, a selective form of mitochondria autophagy, and secretory autophagy, a process that facilitates unconventional cellular secretion. Although several aspects of mitophagy and secretory autophagy have been investigated in depth, their involvement in BRAF-mutant CM biology has only recently emerged. In this review, we aim to overview autophagy dysregulation in BRAF-mutant CM, along with the therapeutic advantages that may arise from combining autophagy inhibitors with targeted therapy. In addition, the recent advances on mitophagy and secretory autophagy involvement in BRAF-mutant CM will be also discussed. Finally, since a number of autophagy-related non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been identified so far, we will briefly discussed recent advances linking ncRNAs to autophagy regulation in BRAF-mutant CM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Fratta
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy.
| | - Giorgio Giurato
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, 84081, Baronissi, SA, Italy
- Genome Research Center for Health - CRGS, 84081, Baronissi, SA, Italy
| | - Roberto Guerrieri
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Francesca Colizzi
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Jessica Dal Col
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, 84081, Baronissi, SA, Italy
| | - Alessandro Weisz
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, 84081, Baronissi, SA, Italy
- Genome Research Center for Health - CRGS, 84081, Baronissi, SA, Italy
- Molecular Pathology and Medical Genomics Program, AOU 'S. Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona' University of Salerno and Rete Oncologica Campana, 84131, Salerno, Italy
| | - Agostino Steffan
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Barbara Montico
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy.
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Chu YD, Lai MW, Yeh CT. Unlocking the Potential of Arginine Deprivation Therapy: Recent Breakthroughs and Promising Future for Cancer Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10668. [PMID: 37445845 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Arginine is a semi-essential amino acid that supports protein synthesis to maintain cellular functions. Recent studies suggest that arginine also promotes wound healing, cell division, ammonia metabolism, immune system regulation, and hormone biosynthesis-all of which are critical for tumor growth. These discoveries, coupled with the understanding of cancer cell metabolic reprogramming, have led to renewed interest in arginine deprivation as a new anticancer therapy. Several arginine deprivation strategies have been developed and entered clinical trials. The main principle behind these therapies is that arginine auxotrophic tumors rely on external arginine sources for growth because they carry reduced key arginine-synthesizing enzymes such as argininosuccinate synthase 1 (ASS1) in the intracellular arginine cycle. To obtain anticancer effects, modified arginine-degrading enzymes, such as PEGylated recombinant human arginase 1 (rhArg1-PEG) and arginine deiminase (ADI-PEG 20), have been developed and shown to be safe and effective in clinical trials. They have been tried as a monotherapy or in combination with other existing therapies. This review discusses recent advances in arginine deprivation therapy, including the molecular basis of extracellular arginine degradation leading to tumor cell death, and how this approach could be a valuable addition to the current anticancer arsenal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-De Chu
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Wei Lai
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chau-Ting Yeh
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
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Luo F, Liao Y, Cao E, Yang Y, Tang K, Zhou D, Zhou D, Cai H. Hypermethylation of HIC2 is a potential prognostic biomarker and tumor suppressor of glioma based on bioinformatics analysis and experiments. CNS Neurosci Ther 2023; 29:1154-1167. [PMID: 36650953 PMCID: PMC10018090 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glioma is the most common primary tumor in the central nervous system, and prognostic biomarkers are still lacking. HIC ZBTB transcriptional repressor 2 (HIC2) is a hypermethylated gene that plays an important functional role in cardiac development. However, the actual role of HIC2 in glioma progression remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the function of HIC2 and whether it could be a prognostic biomarker in glioma. METHODS The DNA methylation and mRNA expression profiles of HIC2 were downloaded from public databases. The prognostic prediction ability and mechanism research of HIC2 were evaluated. RESULTS We found that HIC2 was hypermethylated and expressed at low levels in glioma samples. Hypermethylation and low expression of HIC2 predicted poor prognosis. Multivariate Cox regression analysis suggested that HIC2 was an independent prognostic factor for gliomas. Co-IP assays demonstrated that HIC2 interacts with RNF44, and dual-luciferase reporter assays and ChIP assays revealed that HIC2 transcriptionally inhibits PTPRN2 expression. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that HIC2 represents a tumor suppressor gene and prognostic biomarker for glioma progression and that overexpression of HIC2 inhibits the proliferation of glioma in vitro and in vivo by interacting with RNF44 and PTPRN2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Luo
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaSir YK Pao Center for Cancer and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Yifu Liao
- Department of NeurologyGuangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Endong Cao
- Department of NeurosurgeryGuangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of NeurosurgeryGuangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Kai Tang
- Department of NeurosurgeryGuangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Dexiang Zhou
- Department of NeurosurgeryGuangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Dong Zhou
- Department of NeurosurgeryGuangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Haiping Cai
- Department of NeurosurgeryGuangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
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Ming H, Li B, Jiang J, Qin S, Nice EC, He W, Lang T, Huang C. Protein degradation: expanding the toolbox to restrain cancer drug resistance. J Hematol Oncol 2023; 16:6. [PMID: 36694209 PMCID: PMC9872387 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-023-01398-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite significant progress in clinical management, drug resistance remains a major obstacle. Recent research based on protein degradation to restrain drug resistance has attracted wide attention, and several therapeutic strategies such as inhibition of proteasome with bortezomib and proteolysis-targeting chimeric have been developed. Compared with intervention at the transcriptional level, targeting the degradation process seems to be a more rapid and direct strategy. Proteasomal proteolysis and lysosomal proteolysis are the most critical quality control systems responsible for the degradation of proteins or organelles. Although proteasomal and lysosomal inhibitors (e.g., bortezomib and chloroquine) have achieved certain improvements in some clinical application scenarios, their routine application in practice is still a long way off, which is due to the lack of precise targeting capabilities and inevitable side effects. In-depth studies on the regulatory mechanism of critical protein degradation regulators, including E3 ubiquitin ligases, deubiquitylating enzymes (DUBs), and chaperones, are expected to provide precise clues for developing targeting strategies and reducing side effects. Here, we discuss the underlying mechanisms of protein degradation in regulating drug efflux, drug metabolism, DNA repair, drug target alteration, downstream bypass signaling, sustaining of stemness, and tumor microenvironment remodeling to delineate the functional roles of protein degradation in drug resistance. We also highlight specific E3 ligases, DUBs, and chaperones, discussing possible strategies modulating protein degradation to target cancer drug resistance. A systematic summary of the molecular basis by which protein degradation regulates tumor drug resistance will help facilitate the development of appropriate clinical strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ming
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Bowen Li
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingwen Jiang
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyuan Qin
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Edouard C Nice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Weifeng He
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Tingyuan Lang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China. .,Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China.
| | - Canhua Huang
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang J, Wang S, Guo X, Lu Y, Liu X, Jiang M, Li X, Qin B, Luo Z, Liu H, Li Q, Du YZ, Luo L, You J. Arginine Supplementation Targeting Tumor-Killing Immune Cells Reconstructs the Tumor Microenvironment and Enhances the Antitumor Immune Response. ACS NANO 2022; 16:12964-12978. [PMID: 35968927 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c05408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is characterized by several immunosuppressive factors, of which weak acidity and l-arginine (l-arg) deficiency are two common features. A weak acidic environment threatens the survival of immune cells, and insufficient l-arg will severely restrain the effect of antitumor immune responses, both of which affect the efficiency of cancer treatments (especially immunotherapy). Meanwhile, l-arg is essential for tumor progression. Thus, two strategies, l-arg supplementation and l-arg deprivation, are developed for cancer treatment. However, these strategies have the potential risk of promoting tumor growth and impairing immune responses, which might lead to a paradoxical therapeutic effect. It is optimal to limit the l-arg availability of tumor cells from the microenvironment while supplying l-arg for immune cells. In this study, we designed a multivesicular liposome technology to continuously supply alkaline l-arg, which simultaneously changed the acidity and l-arg deficiency in the TME, and by selectively knocking down the CAT-2 transporter, l-arg starvation of tumors was maintained while tumor-killing immune cells were enriched in the TME. The results showed that our strategy promoted the infiltration and activation of CD8+ T cells in tumor, increased the proportion of M1 macrophages, inhibited melanoma growth, and prolonged survival. In combination with anti-PD-1 antibody, our strategy reversed the low tumor response to immune checkpoint blockade therapy, showing a synergistic antitumor effect. Our work provided a reference for improving the TME combined with regulating nutritional competitiveness to achieve the sensitization of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlei Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Sijie Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Xuemeng Guo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Yichao Lu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Xu Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Mengshi Jiang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Bing Qin
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyu Luo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Huihui Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Qingpo Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Zhong Du
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Lihua Luo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Jian You
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
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Cao J, Xiao C, Fong CJTH, Gong J, Li D, Li X, Jie Y, Chong Y. Expression and Regulatory Network Analysis of Function of Small Nucleolar RNA Host Gene 4 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2022; 10:297-307. [PMID: 35528985 PMCID: PMC9039712 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2020.00175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Long non-coding RNA small nucleolar RNA host genes (SNHGs) play a critical role in the occurrence and development of tumors. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of SNHG4 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its underlining mechanism. METHODS Datasets were acquired from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. lncLocator 2.0 was used to identify the distribution of SNHG4 in HCC cells. Gene expression, Kaplan-Meier survival, microRNA and transcription factor target analyses were performed with the University of Alabama Cancer (UALCAN) Database, Kaplan-Meier Plotter, LinkedOmics, WebGestalt and gene set enrichment analysis, respectively. Gene Ontology and pathway enrichment analyses and assessment of RNA binding proteins were performed by R software, circlncRNAnet and Encyclopedia of RNA Interactomes (ENCORI). In addition, CirclncRNAnet and ENCORI were used to find the correlation between SNHG4 and important proteins, while the prognostic value was assessed with the Human Protein Atlas database and Kaplan-Meier Plotter. RESULTS Expression of SNHG4 in HCC is higher in HCC tissue than in normal healthy liver tissues and is mainly distributed in the nucleus. SNHG4 positively correlated with poor prognosis (p<0.01 for overall survival and recurrence-free survival). Functional enrichment analysis revealed SNHG4 involvement with regulation of ribosomal RNA synthesis and the RNA processing and surveillance pathway. SNHG4 is closely associated with miR-154 and miR-206, transcription factor target E2F family and the signaling pathway for MAPK/ERK and mTOR. U2 auxiliary factor 2 (U2AF2) showed strong correlation with SNHG4, while low-expression of U2AF2 showed good prognosis. CONCLUSIONS Based on our findings, we infer SNHG4 may play a role in the formation of HCC via regulation of tumor-related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Cuicui Xiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Christ-Jonathan Tsia Hin Fong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiao Gong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Danyang Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiangyong Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yusheng Jie
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Correspondence to: Yusheng Jie and Yutian Chong, Department of Infectious Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3756-0653 (YJ), https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8215-4393 (YC). Tel: +86-20-8525-2372, Fax: +86-20-8525-2250, E-mail: (YJ), (YC)
| | - Yutian Chong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Correspondence to: Yusheng Jie and Yutian Chong, Department of Infectious Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3756-0653 (YJ), https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8215-4393 (YC). Tel: +86-20-8525-2372, Fax: +86-20-8525-2250, E-mail: (YJ), (YC)
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9
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Liu X, Zhao T, Yuan Z, Ge S. MIR600HG sponges miR-125a-5p to regulate glycometabolism and cisplatin resistance of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells via mediating RNF44. Cell Death Discov 2022; 8:216. [PMID: 35443748 PMCID: PMC9021257 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01000-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that dysregulated long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is implicated in tumorigenesis and progression. We aim to explore the role of lncRNA MIR600HG in glycometabolism and cisplatin (DDP) resistance of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells via regulating microRNA-125a-5p (miR-125a-5p) and RING finger 44 (RNF44). Expression of MIR600HG, miR-125a-5p, and RNF44 in OSCC clinical samples, cell lines, and DDP-resistant OSCC cells (SCC-9/DDP) was determined. In SCC-9 cells, proliferation, IC50 value of DDP, migration, invasion, and apoptosis were detected; in SCC-9/DDP cells, proliferation, IC50 value of DDP, apoptosis, glucose consumption, and production of lactic acid and ATP were evaluated. The interaction of MR600HG, miR-125a-5p, and RNF44 was verified. MIR600HG and RNF44 were upregulated while miR-125a-5p was downregulated in OSCC tissues and cell lines, and also in SCC-9/DDP cells. In SCC-9 cells, MIR600HG overexpression improved cell growth, metastasis, and inhibited cell susceptibility to DDP; in SCC-9/DDP cells, silencing of MIR600HG promoted apoptosis, improved DDP sensitivity, and inhibited cell glycolysis. Downregulation of miR-125a-5p showed the opposite effect to downregulation of MIR600HG. MIR600HG bound to miR-125a-5p and miR-125a-5p targeted RNF44. Downregulation of miR-125a-5p reversed the improvement of DDP sensitivity and the inhibition of cell glycolysis by downregulated MIR600HG on SCC-9/DDP cells. Downregulating RNF44 reversed the promotion of DDP resistance and cell glycolysis of SCC-9/DDP cells mediated by downregulation of miR-125a-5p. Collectively, our study addresses that MIR600HG downregulation elevates miR-125a-5p and reduces RNF44 expression, thereby improving DDP sensitivity and inhibiting glycolysis in DDP-resistant OSCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingguang Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Tengda Zhao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhe Yuan
- The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, China
| | - Shaohua Ge
- The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, China.
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10
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Gregorio JD, Petricca S, Iorio R, Toniato E, Flati V. MITOCHONDRIAL AND METABOLIC ALTERATIONS IN CANCER CELLS. Eur J Cell Biol 2022; 101:151225. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2022.151225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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11
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Liu Y, Duan C, Zhang C. E3 Ubiquitin Ligase in Anticancer Drugdsla Resistance: Recent Advances and Future Potential. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:645864. [PMID: 33935743 PMCID: PMC8082683 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.645864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug therapy is the primary treatment for patients with advanced cancer. The use of anticancer drugs will inevitably lead to drug resistance, which manifests as tumor recurrence. Overcoming chemoresistance may enable cancer patients to have better therapeutic effects. However, the mechanisms underlying drug resistance are poorly understood. E3 ubiquitin ligases (E3s) are a large class of proteins, and there are over 800 putative functional E3s. E3s play a crucial role in substrate recognition and catalyze the final step of ubiquitin transfer to specific substrate proteins. The diversity of the set of substrates contributes to the diverse functions of E3s, indicating that E3s could be desirable drug targets. The E3s MDM2, FBWX7, and SKP2 have been well studied and have shown a relationship with drug resistance. Strategies targeting E3s to combat drug resistance include interfering with their activators, degrading the E3s themselves and influencing the interaction between E3s and their substrates. Research on E3s has led to the discovery of possible therapeutic methods to overcome the challenging clinical situation imposed by drug resistance. In this article, we summarize the role of E3s in cancer drug resistance from the perspective of drug class.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanqi Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center for Pulmonary Nodules Precise Diagnosis & Treatment, Changsha, China
| | - Chaojun Duan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center for Pulmonary Nodules Precise Diagnosis & Treatment, Changsha, China.,Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chunfang Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center for Pulmonary Nodules Precise Diagnosis & Treatment, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
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12
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Peng YC, Wang SR, Lai YF, Tsai NM, Lin KL, Lin SJ, Yang TP. Isoamylamine Induces B16-F1 Melanoma Cell Autophagy by Upregulating the 5' Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Pathway. J Med Food 2021; 24:188-196. [PMID: 33617363 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2020.4777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Isoamylamine (IA) is an aliphatic monoamine molecule present in cheese, eggs, and wine. It belongs to the family of polyamines and also can be synthesized endogenously. It has been known that regulation of polyamines in cells is related to cell cycle and tumor formation. Malignant melanoma is difficult to treat and easily resistant to chemotherapy/radiotherapy through autophagy. In this study, we aim to clarify whether IA has a growth control effect on melanoma tumor cells and the regulatory mechanism. We treated B16-F1 melanoma cells with IA at concentrations of 0, 200, 400, and 600 ppm for 24 h. The 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was checked for cell viability and results showed that IA has an inhibitory effect on B16-F1 melanoma cells. The signaling molecules, which included Raf/MEK/ERK, were activated, while MSK1 and protein kinase B (AKT) were suppressed. Autophagy was also confirmed to be induced by IA. The acridine orange stain-positive cells were increased and BECN-1/LC3 upregulated. The data also showed that the autophagy regulatory molecule, 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), was induced after IA treatment, so we used dorsomorphin to inhibit AMPK and found that it could suppress autophagy. In conclusion, IA has an effect of inducing autophagy in B16-F1 cells and it is regulated through AMPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Chun Peng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chiayi Branch of Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Soo-Ray Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Fang Lai
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Nu-Man Tsai
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Keh-Liang Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Jye Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tzi-Peng Yang
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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13
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Ovens AJ, Scott JW, Langendorf CG, Kemp BE, Oakhill JS, Smiles WJ. Post-Translational Modifications of the Energy Guardian AMP-Activated Protein Kinase. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031229. [PMID: 33513781 PMCID: PMC7866021 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical exercise elicits physiological metabolic perturbations such as energetic and oxidative stress; however, a diverse range of cellular processes are stimulated in response to combat these challenges and maintain cellular energy homeostasis. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a highly conserved enzyme that acts as a metabolic fuel sensor and is central to this adaptive response to exercise. The complexity of AMPK’s role in modulating a range of cellular signalling cascades is well documented, yet aside from its well-characterised regulation by activation loop phosphorylation, AMPK is further subject to a multitude of additional regulatory stimuli. Therefore, in this review we comprehensively outline current knowledge around the post-translational modifications of AMPK, including novel phosphorylation sites, as well as underappreciated roles for ubiquitination, sumoylation, acetylation, methylation and oxidation. We provide insight into the physiological ramifications of these AMPK modifications, which not only affect its activity, but also subcellular localisation, nutrient interactions and protein stability. Lastly, we highlight the current knowledge gaps in this area of AMPK research and provide perspectives on how the field can apply greater rigour to the characterisation of novel AMPK regulatory modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley J. Ovens
- Metabolic Signalling Laboratory, St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia; (A.J.O.); (J.S.O.)
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, VIC 3000, Australia; (J.W.S.); (B.E.K.)
| | - John W. Scott
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, VIC 3000, Australia; (J.W.S.); (B.E.K.)
- Protein Chemistry & Metabolism, St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia;
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Christopher G. Langendorf
- Protein Chemistry & Metabolism, St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia;
| | - Bruce E. Kemp
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, VIC 3000, Australia; (J.W.S.); (B.E.K.)
- Protein Chemistry & Metabolism, St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia;
| | - Jonathan S. Oakhill
- Metabolic Signalling Laboratory, St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia; (A.J.O.); (J.S.O.)
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, VIC 3000, Australia; (J.W.S.); (B.E.K.)
| | - William J. Smiles
- Metabolic Signalling Laboratory, St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia; (A.J.O.); (J.S.O.)
- Correspondence:
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14
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Kuo MT, Chen HHW, Feun LG, Savaraj N. Targeting the Proline-Glutamine-Asparagine-Arginine Metabolic Axis in Amino Acid Starvation Cancer Therapy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14010072. [PMID: 33477430 PMCID: PMC7830038 DOI: 10.3390/ph14010072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Proline, glutamine, asparagine, and arginine are conditionally non-essential amino acids that can be produced in our body. However, they are essential for the growth of highly proliferative cells such as cancers. Many cancers express reduced levels of these amino acids and thus require import from the environment. Meanwhile, the biosynthesis of these amino acids is inter-connected but can be intervened individually through the inhibition of key enzymes of the biosynthesis of these amino acids, resulting in amino acid starvation and cell death. Amino acid starvation strategies have been in various stages of clinical applications. Targeting asparagine using asparaginase has been approved for treating acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Targeting glutamine and arginine starvations are in various stages of clinical trials, and targeting proline starvation is in preclinical development. The most important obstacle of these therapies is drug resistance, which is mostly due to reactivation of the key enzymes involved in biosynthesis of the targeted amino acids and reprogramming of compensatory survival pathways via transcriptional, epigenetic, and post-translational mechanisms. Here, we review the interactive regulatory mechanisms that control cellular levels of these amino acids for amino acid starvation therapy and how drug resistance is evolved underlying treatment failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Macus Tien Kuo
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Helen H. W. Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70428, Taiwan;
| | - Lynn G. Feun
- Department of Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA;
| | - Niramol Savaraj
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Miami Veterans Affairs Heaithcare System, Miami, FL 33136, USA;
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15
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Wei Z, Liu X, Cheng C, Yu W, Yi P. Metabolism of Amino Acids in Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:603837. [PMID: 33511116 PMCID: PMC7835483 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.603837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming has been widely recognized as a hallmark of malignancy. The uptake and metabolism of amino acids are aberrantly upregulated in many cancers that display addiction to particular amino acids. Amino acids facilitate the survival and proliferation of cancer cells under genotoxic, oxidative, and nutritional stress. Thus, targeting amino acid metabolism is becoming a potential therapeutic strategy for cancer patients. In this review, we will systematically summarize the recent progress of amino acid metabolism in malignancy and discuss their interconnection with mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling, epigenetic modification, tumor growth and immunity, and ferroptosis. Finally, we will highlight the potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wei
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Medicine, Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyi Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunming Cheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, James Comprehensive Cancer Center and College of Medicine at The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Wei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Yi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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16
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Yang M, Zhang D, Zhao Z, Sit J, Saint-Sume M, Shabandri O, Zhang K, Yin L, Tong X. Hepatic E4BP4 induction promotes lipid accumulation by suppressing AMPK signaling in response to chemical or diet-induced ER stress. FASEB J 2020; 34:13533-13547. [PMID: 32780887 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201903292rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Prolonged ER stress has been known to be one of the major drivers of impaired lipid homeostasis during the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic liver disease (NAFLD). However, the downstream mediators of ER stress pathway in promoting lipid accumulation remain poorly understood. Here, we present data showing the b-ZIP transcription factor E4BP4 in both the hepatocytes and the mouse liver is potently induced by the chemical ER stress inducer tunicamycin or by high-fat, low-methionine, and choline-deficient (HFLMCD) diet. We showed that such an induction is partially dependent on CHOP, a known mediator of ER stress and requires the E-box element of the E4bp4 promoter. Tunicamycin promotes the lipid droplet formation and alters lipid metabolic gene expression in primary mouse hepatocytes from E4bp4flox/flox but not E4bp4 liver-specific KO (E4bp4-LKO) mice. Compared with E4bp4flox/flox mice, E4bp4-LKO female mice exhibit reduced liver lipid accumulation and partially improved liver function after 10-week HFLMCD diet feeding. Mechanistically, we observed elevated AMPK activity and the AMPKβ1 abundance in the liver of E4bp4-LKO mice. We have evidence supporting that E4BP4 may suppress the AMPK activity via promoting the AMPKβ1 ubiquitination and degradation. Furthermore, acute depletion of the Ampkβ1 subunit restores lipid droplet formation in E4bp4-LKO primary mouse hepatocytes. Our study highlighted hepatic E4BP4 as a key factor linking ER stress and lipid accumulation in the liver. Targeting E4BP4 in the liver may be a novel therapeutic avenue for treating NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meichan Yang
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Deqiang Zhang
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Zifeng Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Julian Sit
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Omar Shabandri
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kezhong Zhang
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Lei Yin
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Xin Tong
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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17
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Hartman ML. Non-Apoptotic Cell Death Signaling Pathways in Melanoma. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2980. [PMID: 32340261 PMCID: PMC7215321 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Resisting cell death is a hallmark of cancer. Disturbances in the execution of cell death programs promote carcinogenesis and survival of cancer cells under unfavorable conditions, including exposition to anti-cancer therapies. Specific modalities of regulated cell death (RCD) have been classified based on different criteria, including morphological features, biochemical alterations and immunological consequences. Although melanoma cells are broadly equipped with the anti-apoptotic machinery and recurrent genetic alterations in the components of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling markedly contribute to the pro-survival phenotype of melanoma, the roles of autophagy-dependent cell death, necroptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, and parthanatos have recently gained great interest. These signaling cascades are involved in melanoma cell response and resistance to the therapeutics used in the clinic, including inhibitors of BRAFmut and MEK1/2, and immunotherapy. In addition, the relationships between sensitivity to non-apoptotic cell death routes and specific cell phenotypes have been demonstrated, suggesting that plasticity of melanoma cells can be exploited to modulate response of these cells to different cell death stimuli. In this review, the current knowledge on the non-apoptotic cell death signaling pathways in melanoma cell biology and response to anti-cancer drugs has been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz L Hartman
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka Street, 92-215 Lodz, Poland
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18
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Sharma NK, Sarode SC, Sarode GS, Patil S. Starvation in cancer cells: circulating arginine is good for cancer but bad for patients. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2019; 19:455-459. [DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2019.1620606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh Kumar Sharma
- Cancer and Translational Research Lab, Dr. D. Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, India
| | - Sachin C Sarode
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, India
| | - Gargi S Sarode
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, India
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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