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Cheng S, Li L, Yeh Y, Shi Y, Franco O, Corey E, Yu X. Unveiling novel double-negative prostate cancer subtypes through single-cell RNA sequencing analysis. NPJ Precis Oncol 2024; 8:171. [PMID: 39095562 PMCID: PMC11297170 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-024-00667-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent advancements in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) have facilitated the discovery of previously unrecognized subtypes within prostate cancer (PCa), offering new insights into cancer heterogeneity and progression. In this study, we integrated scRNAseq data from multiple studies, comprising publicly available cohorts and data generated by our research team, and established the Human Prostate Single cell Atlas (HuPSA) and Mouse Prostate Single cell Atlas (MoPSA) datasets. Through comprehensive analysis, we identified two novel double-negative PCa populations: KRT7 cells characterized by elevated KRT7 expression and progenitor-like cells marked by SOX2 and FOXA2 expression, distinct from NEPCa, and displaying stem/progenitor features. Furthermore, HuPSA-based deconvolution re-classified human PCa specimens, validating the presence of these novel subtypes. We then developed a user-friendly web application, "HuPSA-MoPSA" ( https://pcatools.shinyapps.io/HuPSA-MoPSA/ ), for visualizing gene expression across all newly established datasets. Our study provides comprehensive tools for PCa research and uncovers novel cancer subtypes that can inform clinical diagnosis and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA.
- Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA.
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
- Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Yunshin Yeh
- Pathology & Laboratory Medicine Service, Overton Brooks VA Medical Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Yingli Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
- Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Omar Franco
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
- Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Eva Corey
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Xiuping Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA.
- Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA.
- Department of Urology, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA.
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2
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Cheng S, Li L, Yeh Y, Shi Y, Franco O, Corey E, Yu X. Unveiling Novel Double-Negative Prostate Cancer Subtypes Through Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Analysis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.08.11.553009. [PMID: 38746150 PMCID: PMC11092429 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.11.553009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Recent advancements in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) have facilitated the discovery of previously unrecognized subtypes within prostate cancer (PCa), offering new insights into disease heterogeneity and progression. In this study, we integrated scRNAseq data from multiple studies, comprising both publicly available cohorts and data generated by our research team, and established the HuPSA (Human Prostate Single cell Atlas) and the MoPSA (Mouse Prostate Single cell Atlas) datasets. Through comprehensive analysis, we identified two novel double-negative PCa populations: KRT7 cells characterized by elevated KRT7 expression, and progenitor-like cells marked by SOX2 and FOXA2 expression, distinct from NEPCa, and displaying stem/progenitor features. Furthermore, HuPSA-based deconvolution allowed for the re-classification of human PCa specimens, validating the presence of these novel subtypes. Leveraging these findings, we developed a user-friendly web application, "HuPSA-MoPSA" (https://pcatools.shinyapps.io/HuPSA-MoPSA/), for visualizing gene expression across all newly-established datasets. Our study provides comprehensive tools for PCa research and uncovers novel cancer subtypes that can inform clinical diagnosis and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular biology, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
- Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular biology, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
- Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Yunshin Yeh
- Pathology & Laboratory Medicine Service, Overton Brooks VA Medical Center, Shreveport, LA
| | - Yingli Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular biology, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
- Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Omar Franco
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular biology, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
- Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Eva Corey
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Xiuping Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular biology, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
- Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
- Department of Urology, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
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3
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Gong J, Kim DM, Freeman MR, Kim H, Ellis L, Smith B, Theodorescu D, Posadas E, Figlin R, Bhowmick N, Freedland SJ. Genetic and biological drivers of prostate cancer disparities in Black men. Nat Rev Urol 2024; 21:274-289. [PMID: 37964070 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-023-00828-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Black men with prostate cancer have historically had worse outcomes than white men with prostate cancer. The causes of this disparity in outcomes are multi-factorial, but a potential basis is that prostate cancers in Black men are biologically distinct from prostate cancers in white men. Evidence suggests that genetic and ancestral factors, molecular pathways involving androgen and non-androgen receptor signalling, inflammation, epigenetics, the tumour microenvironment and tumour metabolism are contributing factors to the racial disparities observed. Key genetic and molecular pathways linked to prostate cancer risk and aggressiveness have potential clinical relevance. Describing biological drivers of prostate cancer disparities could inform efforts to improve outcomes for Black men with prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Gong
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Daniel M Kim
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael R Freeman
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hyung Kim
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Leigh Ellis
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Bethany Smith
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dan Theodorescu
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Edwin Posadas
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Robert Figlin
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Neil Bhowmick
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stephen J Freedland
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Section of Urology, Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
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4
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Ayodeji SA, Bao B, Teslow EA, Polin LA, Dyson G, Bollig-Fischer A, Fehl C. Hyperglycemia and O-GlcNAc transferase activity drive a cancer stem cell pathway in triple-negative breast cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:102. [PMID: 37231419 PMCID: PMC10210312 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-02942-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enhanced glucose metabolism is a feature of most tumors, but downstream functional effects of aberrant glucose flux are difficult to mechanistically determine. Metabolic diseases including obesity and diabetes have a hyperglycemia component and are correlated with elevated pre-menopausal cancer risk for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, determining pathways for hyperglycemic disease-coupled cancer risk remains a major unmet need. One aspect of cellular sugar utilization is the addition of the glucose-derived protein modification O-GlcNAc (O-linked N-acetylglucosamine) via the single human enzyme that catalyzes this process, O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT). The data in this report implicate roles of OGT and O-GlcNAc within a pathway leading to cancer stem-like cell (CSC) expansion. CSCs are the minor fraction of tumor cells recognized as a source of tumors as well as fueling metastatic recurrence. The objective of this study was to identify a novel pathway for glucose-driven expansion of CSC as a potential molecular link between hyperglycemic conditions and CSC tumor risk factors. METHODS We used chemical biology tools to track how a metabolite of glucose, GlcNAc, became linked to the transcriptional regulatory protein tet-methylcytosine dioxygenase 1 (TET1) as an O-GlcNAc post-translational modification in three TNBC cell lines. Using biochemical approaches, genetic models, diet-induced obese animals, and chemical biology labeling, we evaluated the impact of hyperglycemia on CSC pathways driven by OGT in TNBC model systems. RESULTS We showed that OGT levels were higher in TNBC cell lines compared to non-tumor breast cells, matching patient data. Our data identified that hyperglycemia drove O-GlcNAcylation of the protein TET1 via OGT-catalyzed activity. Suppression of pathway proteins by inhibition, RNA silencing, and overexpression confirmed a mechanism for glucose-driven CSC expansion via TET1-O-GlcNAc. Furthermore, activation of the pathway led to higher levels of OGT production via feed-forward regulation in hyperglycemic conditions. We showed that diet-induced obesity led to elevated tumor OGT expression and O-GlcNAc levels in mice compared to lean littermates, suggesting relevance of this pathway in an animal model of the hyperglycemic TNBC microenvironment. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our data revealed a mechanism whereby hyperglycemic conditions activated a CSC pathway in TNBC models. This pathway can be potentially targeted to reduce hyperglycemia-driven breast cancer risk, for instance in metabolic diseases. Because pre-menopausal TNBC risk and mortality are correlated with metabolic diseases, our results could lead to new directions including OGT inhibition for mitigating hyperglycemia as a risk factor for TNBC tumorigenesis and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saheed A Ayodeji
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Bin Bao
- Department of Oncology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Emily A Teslow
- Department of Oncology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Lisa A Polin
- Department of Oncology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Greg Dyson
- Department of Oncology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Aliccia Bollig-Fischer
- Department of Oncology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Charlie Fehl
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, MI, USA.
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5
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Zheng Y, Wang Y, He H, Zou Z, Lu H, Li J, Cai J, Wang K. Transcriptome Data Reveal Geographic Heterogeneity in Gene Expression in Patients with Prostate Cancer. Rep Biochem Mol Biol 2023; 12:92-101. [PMID: 37724140 PMCID: PMC10505463 DOI: 10.52547/rbmb.12.1.92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Background The incidence of prostate cancer (PC) exhibits geographical heterogeneity. However, the metabolic mechanisms underlying this geographic heterogeneity remain unclear. This study aimed to reveal the metabolic mechanism of the geographic heterogeneity in the incidence of PC.This study aimed to investigate the anti-cancer effects of different gum extracts on metabolic changes and their impact on gene expression in HT-29 cell. Methods Transcriptomic data from public databases were obtained and analyzed to screen geographic-differentially expressed genes and metabolic pathways. Associations between these differentially expressed genes and the incidence of PC were determined to identify genes that were highly associated with PC incidence. A co-expression network analysis was performed to identify geographic-specific regulatory pathways. Results A total of 175 differentially expressed genes were identified in four countries and were associated with the regulation of DNA replication and the metabolism of pyrimidine, nucleotides, purines, and galactose.Additionally, the expression of the genes CLVS2, SCGB1A1, KCNK3, HHIPL2, MMP26, KCNJ15, and PNMT was highly correlated with the incidence of PC. Geographic-specific differentially expressed genes in low-incidence areas were highly correlated with KCNJ15, MMP26, KCNK3, and SCCB1A1, which play a major role in ion channel-related functions. Conclusions This study suggests that geographic heterogeneity in PC incidence is associated with the expression levels of genes associated with amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, and ion channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zheng
- Center for Medical Experiments (CME), University of Chinese Academy Sciences-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Yang Wang
- The Department of Urology of Shenzhen Qianhai Shekou Free Trade Zone Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Haitian He
- The Department of Urology of Shenzhen Qianhai Shekou Free Trade Zone Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Zhuping Zou
- The Operating Room of Shenzhen Qianhai Shekou Free Trade Zone Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Huiling Lu
- The Operating Room of Shenzhen Qianhai Shekou Free Trade Zone Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
| | | | - Jun Cai
- TB Healthcare Co., Ltd., Foshan, China.
| | - Kebing Wang
- The Department of Urology of Shenzhen Qianhai Shekou Free Trade Zone Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
- The Department of Urology of Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
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6
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Alternative Splicing, Epigenetic Modifications and Cancer: A Dangerous Triangle, or a Hopeful One? Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030560. [PMID: 35158828 PMCID: PMC8833605 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Epigenetics studies the alteration of gene expression without changing DNA sequence and very often, epigenetic dysregulation causes cancer. Alternative splicing is a mechanism that results in the production of several mRNA isoforms from a single gene and aberrant splicing is also a frequent cause of cancer. The present review is built on the interrelations of epigenetics and alternative splicing. In an intuitive way, we say that epigenetic modifications and alternative splicing are at two vertices of a triangle, the third vertex being occupied by cancer. Interconnection between alternative splicing and epigenetic modifications occurs backward and forward and the mechanisms involved are widely reviewed. These connections also provide novel diagnostic or prognostic tools, which are listed. Finally, as epigenetic alterations are reversible and aberrant alternative splicing may be corrected, the therapeutic possibilities to break the triangle are discussed. Abstract The alteration of epigenetic modifications often causes cancer onset and development. In a similar way, aberrant alternative splicing may result in oncogenic products. These issues have often been individually reviewed, but there is a growing body of evidence for the interconnection of both causes of cancer. Actually, aberrant splicing may result from abnormal epigenetic signalization and epigenetic factors may be altered by alternative splicing. In this way, the interrelation between epigenetic marks and alternative splicing form the base of a triangle, while cancer may be placed at the vertex. The present review centers on the interconnections at the triangle base, i.e., between alternative splicing and epigenetic modifications, which may result in neoplastic transformations. The effects of different epigenetic factors, including DNA and histone modifications, the binding of non-coding RNAs and the alterations of chromatin organization on alternative splicing resulting in cancer are first considered. Other less-frequently considered questions, such as the epigenetic regulation of the splicing machinery, the aberrant splicing of epigenetic writers, readers and erasers, etc., are next reviewed in their connection with cancer. The knowledge of the above-mentioned relationships has allowed increasing the collection of biomarkers potentially useful as cancer diagnostic and/or prognostic tools. Finally, taking into account on one hand that epigenetic changes are reversible, and some epigenetic drugs already exist and, on the other hand, that drugs intended for reversing aberrations in alternative splicing, therapeutic possibilities for breaking the mentioned cancer-related triangle are discussed.
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7
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Freedman JA, Al Abo M, Allen TA, Piwarski SA, Wegermann K, Patierno SR. Biological Aspects of Cancer Health Disparities. Annu Rev Med 2021; 72:229-241. [PMID: 33502900 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-med-070119-120305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Racial and ethnic disparities span the continuum of cancer care and are driven by a complex interplay among social, psychosocial, lifestyle, environmental, health system, and biological determinants of health. Research is needed to identify these determinants of cancer health disparities and to develop interventions to achieve cancer health equity. Herein, we focus on the overall burden of ancestry-related molecular alterations, the functional significance of the alterations in hallmarks of cancer, and the implications of the alterations for precision oncology and immuno-oncology. In conclusion, we reflect on the importance of estimating ancestry, improving diverse racial and ethnic participation in cancer clinical trials, and examining the intersection among determinants of cancer health disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A Freedman
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA;
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
| | - Muthana Al Abo
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA;
| | - Tyler A Allen
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA;
| | - Sean A Piwarski
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
| | - Kara Wegermann
- Division of Gastroenterology, Duke University Health System, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
| | - Steven R Patierno
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA;
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
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8
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Bao B, Teslow EA, Mitrea C, Boerner JL, Dyson G, Bollig-Fischer A. Role of TET1 and 5hmC in an Obesity-Linked Pathway Driving Cancer Stem Cells in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Mol Cancer Res 2020; 18:1803-1814. [PMID: 32913111 PMCID: PMC7718329 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-0359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer that lacks expression of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and the HER2 but is enriched with cancer stem cell-like cells (CSC). CSCs are the fraction of cancer cells recognized as the source of primary malignant tumors that also give rise to metastatic recurrence. 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) is a DNA epigenetic feature derived from 5-methylcytosine by action of tet methylcytosine dioxygenase enzymes (e.g., TET1); and although TET1 and 5hmC are required to maintain embryonic stem cells, the mechanism and role in CSCs remain unknown. Data presented in this report support the conclusion that TET1 and TET1-dependent 5hmC mediate hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-dependent activation of a novel gene expression cascade driving self-renewal and expansion of CSCs in TNBC. Evidence presented also supports that the H2O2 affecting this pathway arises due to endogenous mechanisms-including downregulation of antioxidant enzyme catalase in TNBC cells-and by exogenous routes, such as systemic inflammation and oxidative stress coupled with obesity, a known risk factor for TNBC incidence and recurrence. IMPLICATIONS: This study elucidates a pathway dependent on H2O2 and linked to obesity-driven TNBC tumor-initiating CSCs; thus, it provides new understanding that may advance TNBC prevention and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Bao
- Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute and Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Emily A Teslow
- Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute and Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Cristina Mitrea
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Julie L Boerner
- Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute and Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Greg Dyson
- Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute and Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Aliccia Bollig-Fischer
- Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute and Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan.
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Powell IJ, Chinni SR, Reddy SS, Zaslavsky A, Gavande N. Pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines initiate multiple prostate cancer biologic pathways of cellular proliferation, heterogeneity and metastasis in a racially diverse population and underlie the genetic/biologic mechanism of racial disparity: Update. Urol Oncol 2020; 39:34-40. [PMID: 32900629 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2020.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokines genes drive prostate cancer progression and metastasis: molecular mechanism update and the science that underlies racial disparity. comprehensive review article. Isaac J. Powell, S. Chinni, S.S. Reddy, Alexander Zaslavsky, Navnath Gavande Introduction: In 2013 we reported that with the use of bioinformatics and ingenuity pathway network analysis we were able to identify functional driver genes that were differentially expressed among a large population of African American men (AAM) and European American men (EAM). Pro-inflammatory cytokine genes were found to be more interactive and more expressed among AAM and have been found to be functional drivers of aggressive prostate cancer (CaP) and aggressiveness in other solid tumors. We examined these genes and biological pathways initiated by these cytokines in primary CaP tissue. Method We unravel the gene network and identified biologic pathways that impacted activation of the androgen receptor, mesenchymal epithelial transition (invasion) and chemokines associated with metastasis in the CaP tissue from 639 radical prostatectomy specimens. Results Biologic pathways identified by unraveling pro-inflammatory genes from our network, more expressed among AAM compared to EAM, were tumor necrosis factor (TNF), IL1b, IL6, and IL8. IL6 and IL8 are downstream of TNF activity and are known activators of androgen receptor and through mediators promote CaP cell proliferation. TNF and IL1b mediate tumor cell invasiveness through the activation of MMP (matrix metalloproteinase) which down regulates E-Cadherin to initiate epithelial mesenchymal transition which allows cells to become invasive in the microenvironment. Ultimately our network analysis indicates that TNF and IL1b activate CXCR4 receptor on CaP cells, which facilitates metastatic progression reportedly by binding to CXCL12 on lipid rafts and tumor implantation in the bone marrow. Conclusion Our retrospective biologic mechanistic model reveals a set of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines that drive CaP aggressiveness, tumor heterogeneity, progression and metastasis. A prospective multi-institutional study needs to be conducted for clinical validation as well consideration of targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac J Powell
- Department of Urology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Mi. USA.
| | | | - Sunil S Reddy
- Department of Urology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Mi. USA
| | | | - Navnath Gavande
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI. USA
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10
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Okoro FO, Song L, Auten B, Whitaker-Brown C, Cornelius J. African-American survivors of prostate cancer: a meta-synthesis of qualitative studies. J Cancer Surviv 2020; 15:40-53. [PMID: 32666419 DOI: 10.1007/s11764-020-00909-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to systematically review the current literature on the post-treatment survivorship experiences of African-American men with prostate cancer by exploring qualitative studies to gain a deep understanding of their survivorship experiences. METHOD We searched five databases for studies published from 2008 to 2018. We identified ten relevant qualitative studies, conducted a meta-synthesis using Noblit and Hare's meta-ethnography approach, and evaluated their quality appraisal using the validated Critical Appraisal Skills Program. RESULTS This review generated a total of four main themes and nine subthemes. The Four main themes included coping strategy, psychophysical impact, health system influence, and socioeconomic impact. Spirituality, healthy behaviors, supportive care of spouse/family/friends and non-communicating/reticent were subthemes identified in the coping strategy theme; physical well-being and sexuality and masculinity were subthemes in the psychophysical impact theme; healthcare provider interaction and treatment decision-making were subthemes identified in the health system influence theme, and health insurance status was the subtheme in the socioeconomic impact theme. CONCLUSION Our findings reveal that the experiences of African-American prostate cancer survivors are complex and multidimensional. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS This review highlights the need for further studies with African-American prostate cancer survivors, precisely identify their needs and plan a culturally appropriate intervention to meet those needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Osita Okoro
- School of Nursing, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA.
| | - Lixin Song
- School of Nursing, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, UNC-CH, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Beth Auten
- J. Murrey Atkins Library, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | | | - Judy Cornelius
- School of Nursing, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA
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11
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Olender J, Wang BD, Ching T, Garmire LX, Garofano K, Ji Y, Knox T, Latham P, Nguyen K, Rhim J, Lee NH. A Novel FGFR3 Splice Variant Preferentially Expressed in African American Prostate Cancer Drives Aggressive Phenotypes and Docetaxel Resistance. Mol Cancer Res 2019; 17:2115-2125. [PMID: 31266816 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-19-0415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Alternative splicing (AS) has been shown to participate in prostate cancer development and progression; however, a link between AS and prostate cancer health disparities has been largely unexplored. Here we report on the cloning of a novel splice variant of FGFR3 that is preferentially expressed in African American (AA) prostate cancer. This novel variant (FGFR3-S) omits exon 14, comprising 123 nucleotides that encode the activation loop in the intracellular split kinase domain. Ectopic overexpression of FGFR3-S in European American (EA) prostate cancer cell lines (PC-3 and LNCaP) led to enhanced receptor autophosphorylation and increased activation of the downstream signaling effectors AKT, STAT3, and ribosomal S6 compared with FGFR3-L (retains exon 14). The increased oncogenic signaling imparted by FGFR3-S was associated with a substantial gain in proliferative and antiapoptotic activities, as well as a modest but significant gain in cell motility. Moreover, the FGFR3-S-conferred proliferative and motility gains were highly resistant to the pan-FGFR small-molecule inhibitor dovitinib and the antiapoptotic gain was insensitive to the cytotoxic drug docetaxel, which stands in marked contrast with dovitinib- and docetaxel-sensitive FGFR3-L. In an in vivo xenograft model, mice injected with PC-3 cells overexpressing FGFR3-S exhibited significantly increased tumor growth and resistance to dovitinib treatment compared with cells overexpressing FGFR3-L. In agreement with our in vitro and in vivo findings, a high FGFR3-S/FGFR3-L expression ratio in prostate cancer specimens was associated with poor patient prognosis. IMPLICATIONS: This work identifies a novel FGFR3 splice variant and supports the hypothesis that differential AS participates in prostate cancer health disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Olender
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, GW Cancer Center, Washington, D. C
| | - Bi-Dar Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, Maryland
| | - Travers Ching
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Lana X Garmire
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Kaitlin Garofano
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, GW Cancer Center, Washington, D. C
| | - Youngmi Ji
- Adeno-Associated Virus Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Tessa Knox
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, GW Cancer Center, Washington, D. C
| | - Patricia Latham
- Department of Pathology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Kenneth Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, GW Cancer Center, Washington, D. C
| | - Johng Rhim
- Center for Prostate Disease Research, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Norman H Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, GW Cancer Center, Washington, D. C.
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12
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Hooker SE, Woods-Burnham L, Bathina M, Lloyd S, Gorjala P, Mitra R, Nonn L, Kimbro KS, Kittles RA. Genetic Ancestry Analysis Reveals Misclassification of Commonly Used Cancer Cell Lines. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2019; 28:1003-1009. [PMID: 30787054 PMCID: PMC6548687 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-18-1132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the scarcity of cell lines from underrepresented populations, it is imperative that genetic ancestry for these cell lines is characterized. Consequences of cell line mischaracterization include squandered resources and publication retractions. METHODS We calculated genetic ancestry proportions for 15 cell lines to assess the accuracy of previous race/ethnicity classification and determine previously unknown estimates. DNA was extracted from cell lines and genotyped for ancestry informative markers representing West African (WA), Native American (NA), and European (EUR) ancestry. RESULTS Of the cell lines tested, all previously classified as White/Caucasian were accurately described with mean EUR ancestry proportions of 97%. Cell lines previously classified as Black/African American were not always accurately described. For instance, the 22Rv1 prostate cancer cell line was recently found to carry mixed genetic ancestry using a much smaller panel of markers. However, our more comprehensive analysis determined the 22Rv1 cell line carries 99% EUR ancestry. Most notably, the E006AA-hT prostate cancer cell line, classified as African American, was found to carry 92% EUR ancestry. We also determined the MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cell line carries 23% NA ancestry, suggesting possible Afro-Hispanic/Latina ancestry. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest predominantly EUR ancestry for the White/Caucasian-designated cell lines, yet high variance in ancestry for the Black/African American-designated cell lines. In addition, we revealed an extreme misclassification of the E006AA-hT cell line. IMPACT Genetic ancestry estimates offer more sophisticated characterization leading to better contextualization of findings. Ancestry estimates should be provided for all cell lines to avoid erroneous conclusions in disparities literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley E Hooker
- Division of Health Equities, Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California
| | - Leanne Woods-Burnham
- Division of Health Equities, Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California
| | - Madhavi Bathina
- Division of Health Equities, Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California
| | - Stacy Lloyd
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Alkek Center for Molecular Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Priyatham Gorjala
- College of Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, Las Vegas, Nevada
| | - Ranjana Mitra
- College of Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, Las Vegas, Nevada
| | - Larisa Nonn
- The Department of Pathology, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
| | - K Sean Kimbro
- Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute (BBRI), North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Rick A Kittles
- Division of Health Equities, Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California.
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Teslow EA, Mitrea C, Bao B, Mohammad RM, Polin LA, Dyson G, Purrington KS, Bollig‐Fischer A. Obesity-induced MBD2_v2 expression promotes tumor-initiating triple-negative breast cancer stem cells. Mol Oncol 2019; 13:894-908. [PMID: 30636104 PMCID: PMC6441886 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a risk factor for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) incidence and poor outcomes, but the underlying molecular biology remains unknown. We previously identified in TNBC cell cultures that expression of epigenetic reader methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 2 (MBD2), specifically the alternative mRNA splicing variant MBD variant 2 (MBD2_v2), is dependent on reactive oxygen species (ROS) and is crucial for maintenance and expansion of cancer stem cell-like cells (CSCs). Because obesity is coupled with inflammation and ROS, we hypothesized that obesity can fuel an increase in MBD2_v2 expression to promote the tumor-initiating CSC phenotype in TNBC cells in vivo. Analysis of TNBC patient datasets revealed associations between high tumor MBD2_v2 expression and high relapse rates and high body mass index (BMI). Stable gene knockdown/overexpression methods were applied to TNBC cell lines to elucidate that MBD2_v2 expression is governed by ROS-dependent expression of serine- and arginine-rich splicing factor 2 (SRSF2). We employed a diet-induced obesity (DIO) mouse model that mimics human obesity to investigate whether obesity causes increased MBD2_v2 expression and increased tumor initiation capacity in inoculated TNBC cell lines. MBD2_v2 and SRSF2 levels were increased in TNBC cell line-derived tumors that formed more frequently in DIO mice relative to tumors in lean control mice. Stable MBD2_v2 overexpression increased the CSC fraction in culture and increased TNBC cell line tumor initiation capacity in vivo. SRSF2 knockdown resulted in decreased MBD2_v2 expression, decreased CSCs in TNBC cell cultures, and hindered tumor formation in vivo. This report describes evidence to support the conclusion that MBD2_v2 expression is induced by obesity and drives TNBC cell tumorigenicity, and thus provides molecular insights into support of the epidemiological evidence that obesity is a risk factor for TNBC. The majority of TNBC patients are obese and rising obesity rates threaten to further increase the burden of obesity-linked cancers, which reinforces the relevance of this report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A. Teslow
- Department of OncologyBarbara Ann Karmanos Cancer InstituteWayne State University School of MedicineDetroitMIUSA
| | - Cristina Mitrea
- Department of Computer ScienceWayne State UniversityDetroitMIUSA
| | - Bin Bao
- Department of OncologyBarbara Ann Karmanos Cancer InstituteWayne State University School of MedicineDetroitMIUSA
| | - Ramzi M. Mohammad
- Department of OncologyBarbara Ann Karmanos Cancer InstituteWayne State University School of MedicineDetroitMIUSA
| | - Lisa A. Polin
- Department of OncologyBarbara Ann Karmanos Cancer InstituteWayne State University School of MedicineDetroitMIUSA
| | - Greg Dyson
- Department of OncologyBarbara Ann Karmanos Cancer InstituteWayne State University School of MedicineDetroitMIUSA
| | - Kristen S. Purrington
- Department of OncologyBarbara Ann Karmanos Cancer InstituteWayne State University School of MedicineDetroitMIUSA
| | - Aliccia Bollig‐Fischer
- Department of OncologyBarbara Ann Karmanos Cancer InstituteWayne State University School of MedicineDetroitMIUSA
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14
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Identification of Potential Novel Candidates for Understanding Racial Differences in Prostate Cancer. Eur Urol 2019; 75:16-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2018.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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15
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Olender J, Lee NH. Role of Alternative Splicing in Prostate Cancer Aggressiveness and Drug Resistance in African Americans. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1164:119-139. [PMID: 31576545 PMCID: PMC6777849 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-22254-3_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Alternative splicing, the process of removing introns and joining exons of pre-mRNA, is critical for growth, development, tissue homeostasis, and species diversity. Dysregulation of alternative splicing can initiate and drive disease. Aberrant alternative splicing has been shown to promote the "hallmarks of cancer" in both hematological and solid cancers. Of interest, recent work has focused on the role of alternative splicing in prostate cancer and prostate cancer health disparities. We will provide a review of prostate cancer health disparities involving the African American population, alternative RNA splicing, and alternative splicing in prostate cancer. Lastly, we will summarize our work on differential alternative splicing in prostate cancer disparities and its implications for disparate health outcomes and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Olender
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, GW Cancer Center, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Norman H Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, GW Cancer Center, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA.
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Yang Y, Jia B, Zhao X, Wang Y, Ye W. miR-93-5p may be an important oncogene in prostate cancer by bioinformatics analysis. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:10463-10483. [PMID: 30582208 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prostate adenocarcinoma is one of the most prevalent causes of cancer-related deaths in males worldwide. However, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Hence, it is important to identify specific and effective therapeutic targets, to be able to determine appropriate therapy and management. So, this study aimed to predict that miR-93-5p is an important oncogene in prostate cancer by bioinformatics analysis. METHODS In this study, initially we identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differently expressed miRNAs (DEMs) in the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, performed Gene Ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analysis, then investigated the relationship between DEGs and DEMs, and finally through consulting the literature and retrieving the database, we found that miR-93-5p may play a major role in prostate cancer, so we predicted the expression and survival of miR-93-5p and its isomers by bioinformatics analysis, meanwhile, evaluated the function of miR-93-5p in vitro. RESULTS In total, 104 DEMs were differently expressed between prostate cancer and normal samples, including 56 downregulated ones and 48 upregulated ones; miR-93-5p (upregulated) was identified as a good biomarker. And 1904 DEGs were retrieved, including 794 downregulated ones and 1110 upregulated ones. We also obtained 1254 DEGs of the DEMs. In GO and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis, the significantly enriched pathways involved pathway in focal adhesion, vascular smooth muscle contraction, and regulation of actin cytoskeleton. By the KEGG pathway, we got 16 target genes and 92 pathways of the miR-93-5p in prostate cancer. We also found that the miR-93-5p and its isomers can express in prostate cancer, and which with a high expression had a poor overall survival and a significant difference recurrence rate within 5 years. Further in vitro verification results demonstrated that the low expression of miR-93-5p can inhibit cell proliferation, migration, invasion, change cell cycle, and promote early apoptosis of PC-3 cells. CONCLUSION The miR-93-5p and its target genes were used to define important molecular targets that could serve as a prognostic and predictive marker in the treatment of prostate cancer. Further research on the function of the miR-93-5p and its target genes in the KEGG pathway could provide references for the treatment of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuemei Yang
- Department of R&D Technology Center, Beijing Zhicheng Biomedical Technology Co, Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Binghan Jia
- Department of R&D Technology Center, Beijing Zhicheng Biomedical Technology Co, Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhao
- Department of R&D Technology Center, Beijing Zhicheng Biomedical Technology Co, Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of R&D Technology Center, Beijing Zhicheng Biomedical Technology Co, Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Weiliang Ye
- Department of R&D Technology Center, Beijing Zhicheng Biomedical Technology Co, Ltd, Beijing, China
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