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Windmöller BA, Beshay M, Helweg LP, Flottmann C, Beermann M, Förster C, Wilkens L, Greiner JFW, Kaltschmidt C, Kaltschmidt B. Novel Primary Human Cancer Stem-Like Cell Populations from Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Inhibition of Cell Survival by Targeting NF-κB and MYC Signaling. Cells 2021; 10:cells10051024. [PMID: 33925297 PMCID: PMC8145874 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence that cancer stem cells (CSCs), a small subpopulation of self-renewal cancer cells, are responsible for tumor growth, treatment resistance, and cancer relapse and are thus of enormous clinical interest. Here, we aimed to isolate new CSC-like cells derived from human primary non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) specimens and to analyze the influence of different inhibitors of NF-κB and MYC signaling on cell survival. CSC-like cells were established from three squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) and three adenocarcinomas (AC) of the lung and were shown to express common CSC markers such as Prominin-1, CD44-antigen, and Nestin. Further, cells gave rise to spherical cancer organoids. Inhibition of MYC and NF-κB signaling using KJ-Pyr-9, dexamethasone, and pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate resulted in significant reductions in cell survival for SCC- and AC-derived cells. However, inhibition of the protein–protein interaction of MYC/NMYC proto-oncogenes with Myc-associated factor X (MAX) using KJ-Pyr-9 revealed the most promising survival-decreasing effects. Next to the establishment of six novel in vitro models for studying NSCLC-derived CSC-like populations, the presented investigations might provide new insights into potential novel therapies targeting NF-κB/MYC to improve clinical outcomes in NSCLC patients. Nevertheless, the full picture of downstream signaling still remains elusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice A. Windmöller
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (L.P.H.); (C.F.); (M.B.); (J.F.W.G.); (C.K.); (B.K.)
- Forschungsverbund BioMedizin Bielefeld/OWL FBMB e. V., Maraweg 21, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany; (M.B.); (C.F.); (L.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-0521-106-5629
| | - Morris Beshay
- Forschungsverbund BioMedizin Bielefeld/OWL FBMB e. V., Maraweg 21, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany; (M.B.); (C.F.); (L.W.)
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Protestant Hospital of Bethel Foundation, Burgsteig 13, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Laureen P. Helweg
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (L.P.H.); (C.F.); (M.B.); (J.F.W.G.); (C.K.); (B.K.)
- Forschungsverbund BioMedizin Bielefeld/OWL FBMB e. V., Maraweg 21, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany; (M.B.); (C.F.); (L.W.)
| | - Clara Flottmann
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (L.P.H.); (C.F.); (M.B.); (J.F.W.G.); (C.K.); (B.K.)
| | - Miriam Beermann
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (L.P.H.); (C.F.); (M.B.); (J.F.W.G.); (C.K.); (B.K.)
| | - Christine Förster
- Forschungsverbund BioMedizin Bielefeld/OWL FBMB e. V., Maraweg 21, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany; (M.B.); (C.F.); (L.W.)
- Institute of Pathology, KRH Hospital Nordstadt, Haltenhoffstrasse 41, Affiliated with the Protestant Hospital of Bethel Foundation, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Ludwig Wilkens
- Forschungsverbund BioMedizin Bielefeld/OWL FBMB e. V., Maraweg 21, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany; (M.B.); (C.F.); (L.W.)
- Institute of Pathology, KRH Hospital Nordstadt, Haltenhoffstrasse 41, Affiliated with the Protestant Hospital of Bethel Foundation, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Johannes F. W. Greiner
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (L.P.H.); (C.F.); (M.B.); (J.F.W.G.); (C.K.); (B.K.)
- Forschungsverbund BioMedizin Bielefeld/OWL FBMB e. V., Maraweg 21, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany; (M.B.); (C.F.); (L.W.)
| | - Christian Kaltschmidt
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (L.P.H.); (C.F.); (M.B.); (J.F.W.G.); (C.K.); (B.K.)
- Forschungsverbund BioMedizin Bielefeld/OWL FBMB e. V., Maraweg 21, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany; (M.B.); (C.F.); (L.W.)
| | - Barbara Kaltschmidt
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (L.P.H.); (C.F.); (M.B.); (J.F.W.G.); (C.K.); (B.K.)
- Forschungsverbund BioMedizin Bielefeld/OWL FBMB e. V., Maraweg 21, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany; (M.B.); (C.F.); (L.W.)
- Molecular Neurobiology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
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Chan YW, So C, Yau KL, Chiu KC, Wang X, Chan FL, Tsang SY. Adipose-derived stem cells and cancer cells fuse to generate cancer stem cell-like cells with increased tumorigenicity. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:6794-6807. [PMID: 31994190 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are a type of mesenchymal stem cells isolated from adipose tissue and have the ability to differentiate into adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic lineages. Despite their great therapeutic potentials, previous studies showed that ADSCs could enhance the proliferation and metastatic potential of breast cancer cells (BCCs). In this study, we found that ADSCs fused with BCCs spontaneously, while breast cancer stem cell (CSC) markers CD44+ CD24-/low EpCAM+ were enriched in this fusion population. We further assessed the fusion hybrid by multicolor DNA FISH and mouse xenograft assays. Only single nucleus was observed in the fusion hybrid, confirming that it was a synkaryon. In vivo mouse xenograft assay indicated that the tumorigenic potential of the fusion hybrid was significantly higher than that of the parent tumorigenic triple-negative BCC line MDA-MB-231. We had compared the fusion efficiency between two BCC lines, the CD44-rich MDA-MB-231 and the CD44-poor MCF-7, with ADSCs. Interestingly, we found that the fusion efficiency was much higher between MDA-MB-231 and ADSCs, suggesting that a potential mechanism of cell fusion may lie in the dissimilarity between these two cell lines. The cell fusion efficiency was hampered by knocking down the CD44. Altogether, our findings suggest that CD44-mediated cell fusion could be a potential mechanism for generating CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuk Wah Chan
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chun So
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ka Long Yau
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kung Chun Chiu
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiya Wang
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Franky Leung Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Suk Ying Tsang
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,The Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Teslow EA, Mitrea C, Bao B, Mohammad RM, Polin LA, Dyson G, Purrington KS, Bollig-Fischer A. Obesity-induced MBD2_v2 expression promotes tumor-initiating triple-negative breast cancer stem cells. Mol Oncol 2019; 13:894-908. [PMID: 30636104 PMCID: PMC6441886 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a risk factor for triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) incidence and poor outcomes, but the underlying molecular biology remains unknown. We previously identified in TNBC cell cultures that expression of epigenetic reader methyl‐CpG‐binding domain protein 2 (MBD2), specifically the alternative mRNA splicing variant MBD variant 2 (MBD2_v2), is dependent on reactive oxygen species (ROS) and is crucial for maintenance and expansion of cancer stem cell‐like cells (CSCs). Because obesity is coupled with inflammation and ROS, we hypothesized that obesity can fuel an increase in MBD2_v2 expression to promote the tumor‐initiating CSC phenotype in TNBC cells in vivo. Analysis of TNBC patient datasets revealed associations between high tumor MBD2_v2 expression and high relapse rates and high body mass index (BMI). Stable gene knockdown/overexpression methods were applied to TNBC cell lines to elucidate that MBD2_v2 expression is governed by ROS‐dependent expression of serine‐ and arginine‐rich splicing factor 2 (SRSF2). We employed a diet‐induced obesity (DIO) mouse model that mimics human obesity to investigate whether obesity causes increased MBD2_v2 expression and increased tumor initiation capacity in inoculated TNBC cell lines. MBD2_v2 and SRSF2 levels were increased in TNBC cell line‐derived tumors that formed more frequently in DIO mice relative to tumors in lean control mice. Stable MBD2_v2 overexpression increased the CSC fraction in culture and increased TNBC cell line tumor initiation capacity in vivo. SRSF2 knockdown resulted in decreased MBD2_v2 expression, decreased CSCs in TNBC cell cultures, and hindered tumor formation in vivo. This report describes evidence to support the conclusion that MBD2_v2 expression is induced by obesity and drives TNBC cell tumorigenicity, and thus provides molecular insights into support of the epidemiological evidence that obesity is a risk factor for TNBC. The majority of TNBC patients are obese and rising obesity rates threaten to further increase the burden of obesity‐linked cancers, which reinforces the relevance of this report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A Teslow
- Department of Oncology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Cristina Mitrea
- Department of Computer Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Bin Bao
- Department of Oncology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Ramzi M Mohammad
- Department of Oncology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Lisa A Polin
- Department of Oncology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Greg Dyson
- Department of Oncology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Kristen S Purrington
- Department of Oncology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Aliccia Bollig-Fischer
- Department of Oncology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
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Zhan Y, Mou L, Cheng K, Wang C, Deng X, Chen J, Fan Z, Ni Y. Hepatocellular carcinoma stem cell-like cells are enriched following low-dose 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:2511-2516. [PMID: 27698820 PMCID: PMC5038482 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been proposed that cancer stem cells (CSCs) are involved in tumor resistance to chemotherapy and tumor relapse. The goal of the present study was to determine the effect of low-dose 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) on enriched hepatocellular CSC-like cells. Increased cell motility and epithelial-mesenchymal transition were observed by migration assay in human hepatoblastoma PLC/RAF/5 cells following 5-Fu treatment, as well as a significant enhancement in their sphere-forming abilities. CSC-like cells were identified by side population cell analysis. The percentage of CSC-like cells in the surviving cells was greatly increased in response to 5-Fu. These findings indicate that low-dose 5-Fu treatment may efficiently enrich the CSC-like cell population in PLC/RAF/5 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang Zhan
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518035, P.R. China
| | - Lisha Mou
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518035, P.R. China; Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Institute of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Biomedical Research Institute, Shenzhen Peking University-Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518057, P.R. China
| | - Kangwen Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongling People's Hospital, Tongling, Anhui 244000, P.R. China
| | - Chengyou Wang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518035, P.R. China
| | - Xuesong Deng
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518035, P.R. China
| | - Junren Chen
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518035, P.R. China
| | - Zhibing Fan
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518035, P.R. China
| | - Yong Ni
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518035, P.R. China
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