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Gagliano T, Kerschbamer E, Baccarani U, Minisini M, Di Giorgio E, Dalla E, Weichenberger CX, Cherchi V, Terrosu G, Brancolini C. Changes in chromatin accessibility and transcriptional landscape induced by HDAC inhibitors in TP53 mutated patient-derived colon cancer organoids. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116374. [PMID: 38447451 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Here we present the generation and characterization of patient-derived organoids (PDOs) from colorectal cancer patients. PDOs derived from two patients with TP53 mutations were tested with two different HDAC inhibitors (SAHA and NKL54). Cell death induction, transcriptome, and chromatin accessibility changes were analyzed. HDACIs promote the upregulation of low expressed genes and the downregulation of highly expressed genes. A similar differential effect is observed at the level of chromatin accessibility. Only SAHA is a potent inducer of cell death, which is characterized by the upregulation of BH3-only genes BIK and BMF. Up-regulation of BIK is associated with increased accessibility in an intronic region that has enhancer properties. SAHA, but not NKL54, also causes downregulation of BCL2L1 and decreases chromatin accessibility in three distinct regions of the BCL2L1 locus. Both inhibitors upregulate the expression of innate immunity genes and members of the MHC family. In summary, our exploratory study indicates a mechanism of action for SAHA and demonstrate the low efficacy of NKL54 as a single agent for apoptosis induction, using two PDOs. These observations need to be validated in a larger cohort of PDOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Gagliano
- Department of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Udine, Institute for Biomedicine, P.le Kolbe 4, Udine 33100, Italy
| | - Emanuela Kerschbamer
- Department of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Udine, Institute for Biomedicine, P.le Kolbe 4, Udine 33100, Italy
| | - Umberto Baccarani
- Department of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Udine, Institute for Biomedicine, P.le Kolbe 4, Udine 33100, Italy
| | - Martina Minisini
- Department of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Udine, Institute for Biomedicine, P.le Kolbe 4, Udine 33100, Italy
| | - Eros Di Giorgio
- Department of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Udine, Institute for Biomedicine, P.le Kolbe 4, Udine 33100, Italy
| | - Emiliano Dalla
- Department of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Udine, Institute for Biomedicine, P.le Kolbe 4, Udine 33100, Italy
| | | | - Vittorio Cherchi
- General Surgery Clinic and Liver Transplant Center, University-Hospital of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Giovanni Terrosu
- Department of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Udine, Institute for Biomedicine, P.le Kolbe 4, Udine 33100, Italy
| | - Claudio Brancolini
- Department of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Udine, Institute for Biomedicine, P.le Kolbe 4, Udine 33100, Italy.
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2
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Aputen AD, Elias MG, Gilbert J, Sakoff JA, Gordon CP, Scott KF, Aldrich-Wright JR. Platinum(IV) Prodrugs Incorporating an Indole-Based Derivative, 5-Benzyloxyindole-3-Acetic Acid in the Axial Position Exhibit Prominent Anticancer Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2181. [PMID: 38396859 PMCID: PMC10888562 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Kinetically inert platinum(IV) complexes are a chemical strategy to overcome the impediments of standard platinum(II) antineoplastic drugs like cisplatin, oxaliplatin and carboplatin. In this study, we reported the syntheses and structural characterisation of three platinum(IV) complexes that incorporate 5-benzyloxyindole-3-acetic acid, a bioactive ligand that integrates an indole pharmacophore. The purity and chemical structures of the resultant complexes, P-5B3A, 5-5B3A and 56-5B3A were confirmed via spectroscopic means. The complexes were evaluated for anticancer activity against multiple human cell lines. All complexes proved to be considerably more active than cisplatin, oxaliplatin and carboplatin in most cell lines tested. Remarkably, 56-5B3A demonstrated the greatest anticancer activity, displaying GI50 values between 1.2 and 150 nM. Enhanced production of reactive oxygen species paired with the decline in mitochondrial activity as well as inhibition of histone deacetylase were also demonstrated by the complexes in HT29 colon cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelico D. Aputen
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia; (A.D.A.); (M.G.E.); (C.P.G.)
| | - Maria George Elias
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia; (A.D.A.); (M.G.E.); (C.P.G.)
- Ingham Institute, Sydney, NSW 2170, Australia;
| | - Jayne Gilbert
- Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital, Newcastle, NSW 2298, Australia; (J.G.); (J.A.S.)
| | - Jennette A. Sakoff
- Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital, Newcastle, NSW 2298, Australia; (J.G.); (J.A.S.)
| | - Christopher P. Gordon
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia; (A.D.A.); (M.G.E.); (C.P.G.)
| | - Kieran F. Scott
- Ingham Institute, Sydney, NSW 2170, Australia;
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Janice R. Aldrich-Wright
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia; (A.D.A.); (M.G.E.); (C.P.G.)
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3
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Chen Y, Zhang S, Li Z, Yin B, Liu Y, Zhang L. Discovery of a Dual-Target Inhibitor of CDK7 and HDAC1 That Induces Apoptosis and Inhibits Migration in Colorectal Cancer. ChemMedChem 2023; 18:e202300281. [PMID: 37821774 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202300281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant expression or dysfunction of cyclin-dependent kinase 7(CDK7) and histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) are associated with the occurrence and progression of various cancers. In this study, we developed a series of dual-target inhibitors by designing and synthesizing compounds that incorporate the pharmacophores of THZ2 and SAHA. The most potent dual-target inhibitor displayed robust inhibitory activity against several types of cancer cells and demonstrated promising inhibitory effects on both CDK7 and HDAC1. After further mechanistic studies, it was discovered that this inhibitor effectively arrested HCT-116 cells at the G2 phase and induced apoptosis. Additionally, it also significantly hindered the migration of HCT-116 cells and exhibited notable anti-tumor effects. These findings offer strong support for the development of dual-target inhibitors of CDK7 and HDAC1 and provide a promising avenue for future cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chen
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Shuangqian Zhang
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Zhijia Li
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Bo Yin
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
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4
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Xu Y, He Z, Du J, Chen Z, Creemers JWM, Wang B, Li F, Wang Y. Epigenetic modulations of immune cells: from normal development to tumor progression. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:5120-5144. [PMID: 37928272 PMCID: PMC10620821 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.88327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The dysfunction of immune cell development often impairs immunological homeostasis, thus causing various human diseases. Accumulating evidence shows that the development of different immune cells from hematopoietic stem cells are highly fine-tuned by different epigenetic mechanisms including DNA methylation, histone modifications, chromatin remodeling and RNA-related regulations. Understanding how epigenetic regulators modulate normal development of immune cells contributes to the identification of new strategies for various diseases. Here, we review recent advances suggesting that epigenetic modulations can orchestrate immune cell development and functions through their impact on critical gene expression. We also discuss the aberrations of epigenetic modulations in immune cells that influence tumor progression, and the fact that underlying mechanisms affect how epigenetic drugs interfere with tumor progression in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanchun Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of nursing, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zongsheng He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Du
- Department of General Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ziqiang Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | | | - Bin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fan Li
- Department of General Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yaling Wang
- Department of nursing, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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5
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Moreta-Moraleda C, Queralt C, Vendrell-Ayats C, Forcales S, Martínez-Balibrea E. Chromatin factors: Ready to roll as biomarkers in metastatic colorectal cancer? Pharmacol Res 2023; 196:106924. [PMID: 37709185 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks as the third most prevalent cancer globally and stands as the fourth leading cause of cancer-related fatalities in 2020. Survival rates for metastatic disease have slightly improved in recent decades, with clinical trials showing median overall survival of approximately 24-30 months. This progress can be attributed to the integration of chemotherapeutic treatments alongside targeted therapies and immunotherapy. Despite these modest improvements, the primary obstacle to successful treatment for advanced CRC lies in the development of chemoresistance, whether inherent or acquired, which remains the major cause of treatment failure. Epigenetics has emerged as a hallmark of cancer, contributing to master transcription regulation and genome stability maintenance. As a result, epigenetic factors are starting to appear as potential clinical biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction of treatment response in CRC.In recent years, numerous studies have investigated the influence of DNA methylation, histone modifications, and chromatin remodelers on responses to chemotherapeutic treatments. While there is accumulating evidence indicating their significant involvement in various types of cancers, the exact relationship between chromatin landscapes and treatment modulation in CRC remains elusive. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the most pertinent and extensively researched epigenetic-associated mechanisms described between 2015 and 2022 and their potential usefulness as predictive biomarkers in the metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Moreta-Moraleda
- Immunology Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, c/Feixa Llarga s/n, 08917 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Group of Inflammation, Immunity and Cancer, Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology Program (Oncobell), The Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute ( IDIBELL), Hospital Duran i Reynals 3a Planta, Av. Gran Via de l'Hospitalet 199, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Cristina Queralt
- ProCURE Program, Catalan Instiute of Oncology, Carretera de Can Ruti, camí de les escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Carla Vendrell-Ayats
- ProCURE Program, Catalan Instiute of Oncology, Carretera de Can Ruti, camí de les escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain; CARE Program, Germans Trias I Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Carretera de Can Ruti, camí de les escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Sonia Forcales
- Serra Húnter Programme, Immunology Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, c/Feixa Llarga s/n, 08917 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Group of Inflammation, Immunity and Cancer, Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology Program (Oncobell), The Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute ( IDIBELL), Hospital Duran i Reynals 3a Planta, Av. Gran Via de l'Hospitalet 199, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.
| | - Eva Martínez-Balibrea
- ProCURE Program, Catalan Instiute of Oncology, Carretera de Can Ruti, camí de les escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain; CARE Program, Germans Trias I Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Carretera de Can Ruti, camí de les escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain.
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6
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Han R, Ling C, Wang Y, Lu L. Enhancing HCC Treatment: innovatively combining HDAC2 inhibitor with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibition. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:203. [PMID: 37716965 PMCID: PMC10504701 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03051-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignancy with high morbidity and mortality but lacks effective treatments thus far. Although the emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors in recent years has shed light on the treatment of HCC, a considerable number of patients are still unable to achieve durable and ideal clinical benefits. Therefore, refining the combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) to enhance the therapeutic effect has become a global research hotspot. Several histone deacetylase 2 inhibitors have shown advantages in ICIs in many solid cancers, except for HCC. Additionally, the latest evidence has shown that histone deacetylase 2 inhibition can regulate PD-L1 acetylation, thereby blocking the nuclear translocation of PD-L1 and consequently enhancing the efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors and improving anti-cancer immunity. Moreover, our team has recently discovered a novel HDAC2 inhibitor (HDAC2i), valetric acid (VA), that possesses great potential in HCC treatment as a monotherapy. Thus, a new combination strategy, combining HDAC2 inhibitors with ICIs, has emerged with significant development value. This perspective aims to ignite enthusiasm for exploring the application of ideal HDAC2 inhibitors with solid anti-tumor efficacy in combination with immunotherapy for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Han
- Department of Chinese Medicine Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China.
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China.
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, P. R. China.
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT, 06520-8034, USA.
- School of Medicine, Center for Biomedical Data Science, Yale University, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT, 06520-8034, USA.
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale University, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT, 06520-8034, USA.
| | - Changquan Ling
- Department of Chinese Medicine Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Yuqian Wang
- Department of Chinese Medicine Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Lingeng Lu
- School of Medicine, Center for Biomedical Data Science, Yale University, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT, 06520-8034, USA
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale University, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT, 06520-8034, USA
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7
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Shen C, Li M, Duan Y, Jiang X, Hou X, Xue F, Zhang Y, Luo Y. HDAC inhibitors enhance the anti-tumor effect of immunotherapies in hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1170207. [PMID: 37304265 PMCID: PMC10250615 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1170207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common liver malignancy with a poor prognosis and increasing incidence, remains a serious health problem worldwide. Immunotherapy has been described as one of the ideal ways to treat HCC and is transforming patient management. However, the occurrence of immunotherapy resistance still prevents some patients from benefiting from current immunotherapies. Recent studies have shown that histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) can enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy in a variety of tumors, including HCC. In this review, we present current knowledge and recent advances in immunotherapy-based and HDACi-based therapies for HCC. We highlight the fundamental dynamics of synergies between immunotherapies and HDACis, further detailing current efforts to translate this knowledge into clinical benefits. In addition, we explored the possibility of nano-based drug delivery system (NDDS) as a novel strategy to enhance HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical Equipment Innovation Research Center/Medical Device Regulatory Research and Evaluation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mei Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical Equipment Innovation Research Center/Medical Device Regulatory Research and Evaluation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yujuan Duan
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical Equipment Innovation Research Center/Medical Device Regulatory Research and Evaluation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoming Hou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical Equipment Innovation Research Center/Medical Device Regulatory Research and Evaluation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fulai Xue
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical Equipment Innovation Research Center/Medical Device Regulatory Research and Evaluation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yinan Zhang
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Luo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical Equipment Innovation Research Center/Medical Device Regulatory Research and Evaluation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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8
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The HDAC inhibitor zabadinostat is a systemic regulator of adaptive immunity. Commun Biol 2023; 6:102. [PMID: 36702861 PMCID: PMC9878486 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04485-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein acetylation plays a key role in regulating cellular processes and is subject to aberrant control in diverse pathologies. Although histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are approved drugs for certain cancers, it is not known whether they can be deployed in other therapeutic contexts. We have explored the clinical HDAC inhibitor, zabadinostat/CXD101, and found that it is a stand-alone regulator of the adaptive immune response. Zabadinostat treatment increased expression of MHC class I and II genes in a variety of cells, including dendritic cells (DCs) and healthy tissue. Remarkably, zabadinostat enhanced the activity of DCs, and CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes. Using an antigenic peptide presented to the immune system by MHC class I, zabadinostat caused an increase in antigen-specific CD8 T lymphocytes. Further, mice immunised with covid19 spike protein and treated with zabadinostat exhibit enhanced covid19 neutralising antibodies and an increased level of T lymphocytes. The enhanced humoral response reflected increased activity of T follicular helper (Tfh) cells and germinal centre (GC) B cells. Our results argue strongly that zabadinostat has potential to augment diverse therapeutic agents that act through the immune system.
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9
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Cornel AM, Dunnebach E, Hofman DA, Das S, Sengupta S, van den Ham F, Wienke J, Strijker JGM, van den Beemt DAMH, Essing AHW, Koopmans B, Engels SAG, Lo Presti V, Szanto CS, George RE, Molenaar JJ, van Heesch S, Dierselhuis MP, Nierkens S. Epigenetic modulation of neuroblastoma enhances T cell and NK cell immunogenicity by inducing a tumor-cell lineage switch. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2022-005002. [PMID: 36521927 PMCID: PMC9756225 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-005002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunotherapy in high-risk neuroblastoma (HR-NBL) does not live up to its full potential due to inadequate (adaptive) immune engagement caused by the extensive immunomodulatory capacity of HR-NBL. We aimed to tackle one of the most notable immunomodulatory processes in neuroblastoma (NBL), absence of major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) surface expression, a process greatly limiting cytotoxic T cell engagement. We and others have previously shown that MHC-I expression can be induced by cytokine-driven immune modulation. Here, we aimed to identify tolerable pharmacological repurposing strategies to upregulate MHC-I expression and therewith enhance T cell immunogenicity in NBL. METHODS Drug repurposing libraries were screened to identify compounds enhancing MHC-I surface expression in NBL cells using high-throughput flow cytometry analyses optimized for adherent cells. The effect of positive hits was confirmed in a panel of NBL cell lines and patient-derived organoids. Compound-treated NBL cell lines and organoids were cocultured with preferentially expressed antigen of melanoma (PRAME)-reactive tumor-specific T cells and healthy-donor natural killer (NK) cells to determine the in vitro effect on T cell and NK cell cytotoxicity. Additional immunomodulatory effects of histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) were identified by transcriptome and translatome analysis of treated organoids. RESULTS Drug library screening revealed MHC-I upregulation by inhibitor of apoptosis inhibitor (IAPi)- and HDACi drug classes. The effect of IAPi was limited due to repression of nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) pathway activity in NBL, while the MHC-I-modulating effect of HDACi was widely translatable to a panel of NBL cell lines and patient-derived organoids. Pretreatment of NBL cells with the HDACi entinostat enhanced the cytotoxic capacity of tumor-specific T cells against NBL in vitro, which coincided with increased expression of additional players regulating T cell cytotoxicity (eg, TAP1/2 and immunoproteasome subunits). Moreover, MICA and MICB, important in NK cell cytotoxicity, were also increased by entinostat exposure. Intriguingly, this increase in immunogenicity was accompanied by a shift toward a more mesenchymal NBL cell lineage. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates the potential of combining (immuno)therapy with HDACi to enhance both T cell-driven and NKcell-driven immune responses in patients with HR-NBL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelisa M Cornel
- Prinses Maxima Centrum voor Kinderoncologie, Utrecht, The Netherlands,Center for Translational Immunology, Universitair Medisch Centrum Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ester Dunnebach
- Prinses Maxima Centrum voor Kinderoncologie, Utrecht, The Netherlands,Center for Translational Immunology, Universitair Medisch Centrum Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Damon A Hofman
- Prinses Maxima Centrum voor Kinderoncologie, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sanjukta Das
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Satyaki Sengupta
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Femke van den Ham
- Prinses Maxima Centrum voor Kinderoncologie, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Judith Wienke
- Prinses Maxima Centrum voor Kinderoncologie, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Denise A M H van den Beemt
- Prinses Maxima Centrum voor Kinderoncologie, Utrecht, The Netherlands,Center for Translational Immunology, Universitair Medisch Centrum Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anke H W Essing
- Prinses Maxima Centrum voor Kinderoncologie, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bianca Koopmans
- Prinses Maxima Centrum voor Kinderoncologie, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sem A G Engels
- Prinses Maxima Centrum voor Kinderoncologie, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Vania Lo Presti
- Prinses Maxima Centrum voor Kinderoncologie, Utrecht, The Netherlands,Center for Translational Immunology, Universitair Medisch Centrum Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Celina S Szanto
- Prinses Maxima Centrum voor Kinderoncologie, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rani E George
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jan J Molenaar
- Prinses Maxima Centrum voor Kinderoncologie, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - S Nierkens
- Prinses Maxima Centrum voor Kinderoncologie, Utrecht, The Netherlands,Center for Translational Immunology, Universitair Medisch Centrum Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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10
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Saunders MP, Graham J, Cunningham D, Plummer R, Church D, Kerr R, Cook S, Zheng S, La Thangue N, Kerr D. CXD101 and nivolumab in patients with metastatic microsatellite-stable colorectal cancer (CAROSELL): a multicentre, open-label, single-arm, phase II trial. ESMO Open 2022; 7:100594. [PMID: 36327756 PMCID: PMC9808483 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2022.100594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with microsatellite stable (MSS) colorectal carcinoma (CRC) do not respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Preclinical models suggested synergistic anti-tumour activity combining CXD101 and anti-programmed cell death protein 1 treatment; therefore, we assessed the clinical combination of CXD101 and nivolumab in heavily pre-treated patients with MSS metastatic CRC (mCRC). PATIENTS AND METHODS This single-arm, open-label study enrolled patients aged 18 years or older with biopsy-confirmed MSS CRC; at least two lines of systemic anticancer therapies (including oxaliplatin and irinotecan); at least one measurable lesion; Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0, 1 or 2; predicted life expectancy above 3 months; and adequate organ and bone marrow function. Nine patients were enrolled in a safety run-in study to define a tolerable combination schedule of CXD101 and nivolumab, followed by 46 patients in the efficacy assessment phase. Patients in the efficacy assessment cohort were treated orally with 20 mg CXD101 twice daily for 5 consecutive days every 3 weeks, and intravenously with 240 mg nivolumab every 2 weeks. The primary endpoint was immune disease control rate (iDCR). RESULTS Between 2018 and 2020, 55 patients were treated with CXD101 and nivolumab. The combination therapy was well tolerated with the most frequent grade 3 or 4 adverse events being neutropenia (18%) and anaemia (7%). Immune-related adverse reactions commonly ascribed to checkpoint inhibitors were surprisingly rare although we did see single cases of pneumonitis, hypothyroidism and hypopituitarism. There were no treatment-related deaths. Of 46 patients assessable for efficacy, 4 (9%) achieved partial response and 18 (39%) achieved stable disease, translating to an immune disease control rate of 48%. The median overall survival (OS) was 7.0 months (95% confidence interval 5.13-10.22 months). CONCLUSIONS The primary endpoint was met in this phase II study, which showed that the combination of CXD101 and nivolumab, at full individual doses in the treatment of advanced or metastatic MSS CRC, was both well tolerated and efficacious.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Saunders
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.
| | - J Graham
- The Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, UK
| | - D Cunningham
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - R Plummer
- The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle, UK
| | - D Church
- The Churchill Hospital Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, UK; NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - R Kerr
- The Churchill Hospital Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - S Cook
- Celleron Therapeutics Limited, Oxford, UK
| | - S Zheng
- Celleron Therapeutics Limited, Oxford, UK
| | | | - D Kerr
- The Churchill Hospital Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, UK; Celleron Therapeutics Limited, Oxford, UK
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11
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Sundaramurthi H, Giricz Z, Kennedy BN. Evaluation of the Therapeutic Potential of Histone Deacetylase 6 Inhibitors for Primary and Metastatic Uveal Melanoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169378. [PMID: 36012642 PMCID: PMC9409113 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients diagnosed with metastatic uveal melanoma (MUM) have a poor survival prognosis. Unfortunately for this rare disease, there is no known cure and suitable therapeutic options are limited. HDAC6 inhibitors (HDAC6i) are currently in clinical trials for other cancers and show potential beneficial effects against tumor cell survival in vitro and in vivo. In MUM cells, HDAC6i show an anti-proliferative effect in vitro and in preclinical xenograft models. The use of HDAC6 inhibitors as a treatment option for MUM should be explored further. Therefore, this review discusses (1) what is known about HDAC6i in MUM and (2) whether HDAC6 inhibitors offer a potential therapeutic option for MUM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Husvinee Sundaramurthi
- UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
- UCD School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Zoltán Giricz
- Pharmahungary Group, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Breandán N. Kennedy
- UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
- Correspondence:
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12
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Zhou J, Nie RC, Yin YX, Wang Y, Yuan SQ, Zhao ZH, Zhang XK, Duan JL, Chen YB, Zhou ZW, Xie D, Li YF, Cai MY. Genomic Analysis Uncovers the Prognostic and Immunogenetic Feature of Pyroptosis in Gastric Carcinoma: Indication for Immunotherapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:906759. [PMID: 35912105 PMCID: PMC9328384 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.906759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Crosstalk between pyroptosis and tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) in cancer has yet to be elucidated. Herein, we aimed to explore the role of pyroptosis and its association with TIME in gastric cancer. Unsupervised clustering was performed to identify the pyroptosis-related clusters. Pyroptosis risk score was constructed using LASSO Cox regression. Clinicopathological and genetic data of pyroptosis clusters and pyroptosis risk scores were explored. Reproducibility of pyroptosis risk score in predicting response to immunotherapy and screening potential antitumor drugs was also investigated. Three pyroptosis clusters with distinct prognosis, immune cell fractions and signatures, were constructed. A low-pyroptosis risk score was characterized by increased activated T-cell subtype and M1 macrophage, decreased M2 macrophage, higher MSI status, and TMB. Meanwhile, low-score significantly correlated with PD-L1 expression, antigen presentation markers, and IFN-γ signature. The 5-year AUCs of PRS were 0.67, 0.62, 0.65, 0.67, and 0.67 in the TCGA, three external public and one real-world validation (SYSUCC) cohorts. Multivariable analyses further validated the prognostic performance of the pyroptosis risk scoring system, with HRs of 2.43, 1.83, 1.78, 2.35, and 2.67 (all p < 0.05) in the five cohorts. GSEA indicated significant enrichment of DNA damage repair pathways in the low-score group. Finally, the pyroptosis risk scoring system was demonstrated to be useful in predicting response to immunotherapy, and in screening potential antitumor drugs. Our study highlights the crucial role of interaction between pyroptosis and TIME in gastric cancer. The pyroptosis risk scoring system can be used independently to predict the survival of individuals and their response to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Run-cong Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-xin Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Hematologic Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shu-qiang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zi-han Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin-ke Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin-ling Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying-bo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan-fang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Mu-yan Cai, ; Yuan-fang Li,
| | - Mu-yan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Mu-yan Cai, ; Yuan-fang Li,
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13
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Insights into the therapeutic potential of histone deacetylase inhibitor/immunotherapy combination regimens in solid tumors. CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE FEDERATION OF SPANISH ONCOLOGY SOCIETIES AND OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE OF MEXICO 2022; 24:1262-1273. [PMID: 35066777 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-02779-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Solid tumors including skin, lung, breast, colon, and prostate cancers comprise the most diagnosed cancers worldwide. Treatment of such cancers is still challenging specially in the advanced/metastatic setting. The growing understanding of the tumor microenvironment has revolutionized the cancer therapy paradigms. Targeting programmed death-1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 immune checkpoint has been extensively studied over this decade as a new trend in the management of hard-to-treat cancers by harnessing the power of the immune system to eradicate the tumors. Yet, low response rate and resistance were observed when immunotherapies were tested as monotherapy. This urged the need to develop combinatorial regimens of immunotherapy with other immune modulatory agents to enhance its therapeutic potential and help in reverting the resistance. Epigenetic modifiers such as histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) showed favorable effects on modulating the tumor microenvironment along with the host immune cells. This qualified HDACIs as an attractive candidate class to be tested in combination with immunotherapy. In this review we cover the ongoing clinical trials that investigate the safety and/or the efficacy of HDACI/immunotherapy combinations in solid tumors including skin cancer, prostate cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, lung cancer and recapitulates areas for future research.
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14
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Sun S, Li Q, Zhang Z, Xiong S, Zhang Y, Liu Q, Li Z, Yang F, Zhang S. SMARCA2 deficiency in NSCLC: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical analysis of a large series from a single institution. Environ Health Prev Med 2022; 27:3. [PMID: 35289322 PMCID: PMC9093611 DOI: 10.1265/ehpm.21-00254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Sun
- Department of Oncology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University
| | - Qiujing Li
- Department of Pathology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University
| | | | | | - Yujie Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Pathology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University
| | | | - Fujun Yang
- Department of Oncology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University
| | - Shukun Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University
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15
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Lu J, He X, Zhang L, Zhang R, Li W. Acetylation in Tumor Immune Evasion Regulation. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:771588. [PMID: 34880761 PMCID: PMC8645962 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.771588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetylation is considered as one of the most common types of epigenetic modifications, and aberrant histone acetylation modifications are associated with the pathological process of cancer through the regulation of oncogenes and tumor suppressors. Recent studies have shown that immune system function and tumor immunity can also be affected by acetylation modifications. A comprehensive understanding of the role of acetylation function in cancer is essential, which may help to develop new therapies to improve the prognosis of cancer patients. In this review, we mainly discussed the functions of acetylase and deacetylase in tumor, immune system and tumor immunity, and listed the information of drugs targeting these enzymes in tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lu
- Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Xiang He
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology Hunan Province, Changsha, China.,Xiangya Cancer Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ran Zhang
- Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Wenzheng Li
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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16
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Booth SW, Eyre TA, Whittaker J, Campo L, Wang LM, Soilleux E, Royston D, Rees G, Kesavan M, Hildyard C, Kazmi F, La Thangue N, Kerr D, Middleton MR, Collins GP. A Phase 2a cohort expansion study to assess the safety, tolerability, and preliminary efficacy of CXD101 in patients with advanced solid-organ cancer expressing HR23B or lymphoma. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:851. [PMID: 34301221 PMCID: PMC8306282 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08595-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This Phase 2a dose expansion study was performed to assess the safety, tolerability and preliminary efficacy of the maximum tolerated dose of the oral histone de-acetylase (HDAC) inhibitor CXD101 in patients with relapsed / refractory lymphoma or advanced solid organ cancers and to assess HR23B protein expression by immunohistochemistry as a biomarker of HDAC inhibitor sensitivity. Methods Patients with advanced solid-organ cancers with high HR23B expression or lymphomas received CXD101 at the recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D). Key exclusions: corrected QT > 450 ms, neutrophils < 1.5 × 109/L, platelets < 75 × 109/L, ECOG > 1. Baseline HR23B expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Results Fifty-one patients enrolled between March 2014 and September 2019, 47 received CXD101 (19 solid-organ cancer, 28 lymphoma). Thirty-four patients received ≥80% RP2D. Baseline characteristics: median age 57.4 years, median prior lines 3, male sex 57%. The most common grade 3–4 adverse events were neutropenia (32%), thrombocytopenia (17%), anaemia (13%), and fatigue (9%) with no deaths on CXD101. No responses were seen in solid-organ cancers, with disease stabilisation in 36% or patients; the overall response rate in lymphoma was 17% with disease stabilisation in 52% of patients. Median progression-free survival was 1.2 months (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2–5.4) in solid-organ cancers and 2.6 months (95%CI 1.2–5.6) in lymphomas. HR23B status did not predict response. Conclusions CXD101 showed acceptable tolerability with efficacy seen in Hodgkin lymphoma, T-cell lymphoma and follicular lymphoma. Further studies assessing combination approaches are warranted. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT01977638. Registered 07 November 2013. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-08595-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen W Booth
- Department of Haematology, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, UK.
| | - Toby A Eyre
- Department of Haematology, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Leticia Campo
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lai Mun Wang
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Daniel Royston
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, UK
| | - Gabrielle Rees
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, UK
| | - Murali Kesavan
- Department of Haematology, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, UK
| | - Catherine Hildyard
- Department of Haematology, Milton Keynes University Hospital, Milton Keynes, UK
| | - Farasat Kazmi
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nick La Thangue
- Celleron Therapeutics Ltd, Oxford, UK.,Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - David Kerr
- Celleron Therapeutics Ltd, Oxford, UK.,Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Graham P Collins
- Department of Haematology, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, UK
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17
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Renaude E, Kroemer M, Borg C, Peixoto P, Hervouet E, Loyon R, Adotévi O. Epigenetic Reprogramming of CD4 + Helper T Cells as a Strategy to Improve Anticancer Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2021; 12:669992. [PMID: 34262562 PMCID: PMC8273698 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.669992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidences highlight the role of various CD4+ helper T cells (CD4+ Th) subpopulations in orchestrating the immune responses against cancers. Epigenetics takes an important part in the regulation of CD4+ Th polarization and plasticity. In this review, we described the epigenetic factors that govern CD4+ T cells differentiation and recruitment in the tumor microenvironment and their subsequent involvement in the antitumor immunity. Finally, we discussed how to manipulate tumor reactive CD4+ Th responses by epigenetic drugs to improve anticancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Renaude
- University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France.,Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, Centre d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM CIC 1431, Besançon, France
| | - Marie Kroemer
- University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France.,Department of Pharmacy, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Christophe Borg
- University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France.,Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, Centre d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM CIC 1431, Besançon, France.,Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Paul Peixoto
- University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France.,EPIGENEXP Platform, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Eric Hervouet
- University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France.,EPIGENEXP Platform, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.,DImaCell Platform, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Romain Loyon
- University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France
| | - Olivier Adotévi
- University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France.,Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, Centre d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM CIC 1431, Besançon, France.,Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
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