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Briere JL, Patkau-Ceh T, Marche TA. Detecting the veracity of children's experiences through drawings. Mem Cognit 2024:10.3758/s13421-024-01527-6. [PMID: 39023698 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-024-01527-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Research is lacking regarding adults' ability to determine whether children's drawings are based on an experience or not. Drawings are useful in professional settings to alleviate linguistic demands, facilitate memory, and have been used as evidence. Determining the accuracy of veracity assessments of children's drawings would inform professionals regarding their use as evidence of experiences. Twenty-eight children (14 younger, Mage = 7.53 years, SDage = 1.19; 14 older, Mage = 11.67 years, SD = 1.27) produced drawings of two events: one staged experienced, and one narrative-based not experienced event. Fifty (Study 1, Mage = 23.72 years, SDage = 9.70) and 63 (Study 2, Mage = 25.92, SDage = 12.79) adults indicated whether each drawing was based on experience and their confidence in each assessment. In Study 2, additional drawing quality assessments were collected. Results indicated that adults were more accurate at distinguishing experienced than not experienced drawings for older artists. An inverse relationship was observed between confidence and accuracy-participants were more confident when they were inaccurate, especially for younger artists. Drawing quality improved with age and for drawings of experienced events. Adults tended to rate drawings of higher quality as resulting from experience leading to the highest accuracy for drawings from older artists that were based on experience. Overall, results suggest that there may be some features of drawings that allow for above chance levels of accuracy (up to 75%). However, rates are not high enough across assessments (M = 53.93%, range: 39%-75%) to reliably use them as indicators of experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Briere
- Department of Psychology, University of Saskatchewan, St. Thomas More College, 1437 College Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 0W6, Canada.
| | - Tobi Patkau-Ceh
- Department of Psychology, University of Saskatchewan, St. Thomas More College, 1437 College Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 0W6, Canada
| | - Tammy A Marche
- Department of Psychology, University of Saskatchewan, St. Thomas More College, 1437 College Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 0W6, Canada
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2
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Johnson HM, Block SD, Shestowsky D, Gonzales JE, Shockley KL, Goodman GS. Discernment of Children's True and False Memory Reports: Police Officers and Laypersons. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2024; 39:2238-2260. [PMID: 38158733 DOI: 10.1177/08862605231220022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Adults' ability to accurately evaluate children's statements can have far-reaching consequences within the legal system. This study examined the evaluations of police officers ("experts") and laypersons ("nonexperts") when presented with videotaped interviews of children aged 3 and 5 years who provided either true or false reports or denials. Participants were drawn from several counties in the eastern United States. Children's interview statements fell within four statement types: accurate reports, false reports, accurate denials, and false denials. Both groups of participants displayed overbelief in false denials. Several control variables predicted accuracy, including children's age and children's race. A significant interaction emerged: Experts (vs. nonexperts) had greater odds of being accurate when judging false reports (vs. false denials). These findings highlight the challenges adults face when distinguishing between various types of children's statements. The results have important implications for legal contexts, emphasizing that fact finders need to be mindful of the risks associated with both overaccepting false denials and accepting false reports.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Kristy L Shockley
- University of Massachusetts Lowell, USA
- The College of the Holy Cross, Worcester, MA, USA
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3
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Gongola J, Williams S, Lyon TD. Children's
under‐informative
responding is associated with concealment of a transgression. APPLIED COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/acp.3840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Gongola
- Gould School of Law University of Southern California Los Angeles California USA
| | - Shanna Williams
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, Faculty of Education McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Thomas D. Lyon
- Gould School of Law University of Southern California Los Angeles California USA
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4
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Huang CY, Bull R. Applying Hierarchy of Expert Performance (HEP) to investigative interview evaluation: strengths, challenges and future directions. PSYCHIATRY, PSYCHOLOGY, AND LAW : AN INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF THE AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND ASSOCIATION OF PSYCHIATRY, PSYCHOLOGY AND LAW 2020; 28:255-273. [PMID: 34712095 PMCID: PMC8547860 DOI: 10.1080/13218719.2020.1770634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to systematically examine the research literature on the decision of expert interviewers within the theoretical framework of the Hierarchy of Expert Performance (HEP). After providing an overview of the HEP framework, existing research in the investigative interviewing at each of the eight levels of the HEP framework is reviewed. The results identify areas of strength in reliability between experts' observations (Level 2) and of weakness in reliability between experts' conclusions (Level 6). Biases in investigative interview experts' decision making is also revealed at biasability between expert conclusions (Level 8). Moreover, no published data are available in reliability within experts at the level of observations (Level 1) or conclusions (Level 5), biasability within or between expert observations (Level 3 and 4) and biasability within expert conclusions (Level 7). The findings highlight areas where future research and practical endeavour are much needed for the investigative interview.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Yu Huang
- Department of Psychology, Bournemouth University, Poole, UK
| | - Ray Bull
- Department of Law, Criminology and Social Sciences, University of Derby, Derby, UK
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5
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Functional neural networks of honesty and dishonesty in children: Evidence from graph theory analysis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12085. [PMID: 28935904 PMCID: PMC5608888 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11754-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study examined how different brain regions interact with each other during spontaneous honest vs. dishonest communication. More specifically, we took a complex network approach based on the graph-theory to analyze neural response data when children are spontaneously engaged in honest or dishonest acts. Fifty-nine right-handed children between 7 and 12 years of age participated in the study. They lied or told the truth out of their own volition. We found that lying decreased both the global and local efficiencies of children’s functional neural network. This finding, for the first time, suggests that lying disrupts the efficiency of children’s cortical network functioning. Further, it suggests that the graph theory based network analysis is a viable approach to study the neural development of deception.
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6
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Melkman EP, Hershkowitz I, Zur R. Credibility assessment in child sexual abuse investigations: A descriptive analysis. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2017; 67:76-85. [PMID: 28242369 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A major challenge in cases of child sexual abuse (CSA) is determining the credibility of children's reports. Consequently cases may be misclassified as false or deemed 'no judgment possible'. Based on a large national sample of reports of CSA made in Israel in 2014, the study examines child and event characteristics contributing to the probability that reports of abuse would be judged credible. National data files of all children aged 3-14, who were referred for investigation following suspected victimization of sexual abuse, and had disclosed sexual abuse, were analyzed. Cases were classified as either 'credible' or 'no judgment possible'. The probability of reaching a 'credible' judgment was examined in relation to characteristics of the child (age, gender, cognitive delay, marital status of the parents,) and of the abusive event (abuse severity, frequency, perpetrator-victim relationship, perpetrator's use of grooming, and perpetrator's use of coercion), controlling for investigator's identity at the cluster level of the analysis. Of 1563 cases analyzed, 57.9% were assessed as credible. The most powerful predictors of a credible judgment were older age and absence of a cognitive delay. Reports of children to married parents, who experienced a single abusive event that involved perpetrator's use of grooming, were also more likely to be judged as credible. Rates of credible judgments found are lower than expected suggesting under-identification of truthful reports of CSA. In particular, those cases of severe and multiple abuse involving younger and cognitively delayed children are the ones with the lowest chances of being assessed as credible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eran P Melkman
- School of Social Work, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.
| | | | - Ronit Zur
- Department of Child Investigations, Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs, Jerusalem, Israel
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7
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Saykaly C, Crossman A, Talwar V. High Cognitive Load During Cross-Examination: Does It Improve Detection of Children's Truths and Lies? PSYCHIATRY, PSYCHOLOGY, AND LAW : AN INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF THE AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND ASSOCIATION OF PSYCHIATRY, PSYCHOLOGY AND LAW 2016; 24:278-291. [PMID: 31983954 PMCID: PMC6818421 DOI: 10.1080/13218719.2016.1197816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The current study used a high cognitive load cross-examination procedure to determine whether this would improve undergraduate students' ability to detect deception in children aged 9 to 12 years. The participants (n = 88) were asked to determine whether children's accounts of an event included a true denial, false denial, true assertion or false assertion about a game played during a home visit occurring one week prior. Overall, the high cognitive load cross-examination did not improve detection rates, in that participants were at chance level for both direct examination (49.4%) and cross-examination (52.3%). Accuracy for true stories was greater than for false stories. Cross-examination improved the detection rates of the false stories, but worsened the accuracy for the true stories. The participants did however rate younger children's true reports to be more credible and believable than their false reports. Participants rated older children's false reports as more credible and believable than their true reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Saykaly
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC Canada
| | - Angela Crossman
- Department of Psychology, John Jay College of Criminal Justice CUNY, New York, NY, USA
| | - Victoria Talwar
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC Canada
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Can parents detect 8- to 16-year-olds’ lies? Parental biases, confidence, and accuracy. J Exp Child Psychol 2016; 147:152-8. [PMID: 27018075 DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2016.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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9
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Warren KL, Bakhtiar A, Mulrooney B, Raynor G, Dodd E, Peterson C. Adults' Detection of Deception in Children: Effect of Coaching and Age for Children's True and Fabricated Reports of Injuries. BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES & THE LAW 2015; 33:784-800. [PMID: 26549017 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A total of 1,074 undergraduates judged the truthfulness of children's interviews (from verbatim transcripts) about experiencing injuries serious enough to require hospital emergency room treatment. Ninety-six children (three age groups: 5-7, 8-10, and 11-14 years, 50% girls) were interviewed. At each age, 16 children told truthful accounts of actual injury experiences and 16 fabricated their reports, with half of each group coached by parents for the previous 4 days. Lies by 5- to 7-year-olds, whether coached or not, were detected at above-chance levels. In contrast, 8- to 10-year-olds' accounts that were coached, whether true or not, were more likely to be believed. For 11- to 14-year-olds, adults were less likely to accurately judge lies if they were coached. The believability of children aged 8 or above who were coached to lie is particularly disturbing in light of the finding that participants were more confident in the accuracy of their veracity decisions when judging coached reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly L Warren
- Psychology Program, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 20 University Drive, Corner Brook, NL, A2H 5G4, Canada
| | | | | | - Graham Raynor
- Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Elyse Dodd
- Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
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10
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Evans AD, Lee K. The relation between 8- to 17-year-olds’ judgments of other’s honesty and their own past honest behaviors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL DEVELOPMENT 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/0165025413517580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The present investigation examined whether school-aged children and adolescents’ own deceptive behavior of cheating and lying influenced their honesty judgments of their same-aged peers. Eighty 8- to 17-year-olds who had previously participated in a study examining cheating and lie-telling behaviors were invited to make honesty judgments of their peers’ denials of having peeked at the answers to a test. While participants’ accuracy rates for making honesty judgments were at chance levels, judgment biases were found based on participants own past cheating and lie-telling behaviors. Specifically, those who cheated and lied were biased towards believing that their peers would behave in the same manner. In contrast, participants who had not cheated were biased towards judging their peers as honest. These findings suggest that by 8 years of age there is a relation between one’s own deceptive behaviors and judgments of other’s honesty.
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11
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Brunet MK, Evans AD, Talwar V, Bala N, Lindsay RCL, Lee K. How Children Report True and Fabricated Stressful and Non-Stressful Events. PSYCHIATRY, PSYCHOLOGY, AND LAW : AN INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF THE AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND ASSOCIATION OF PSYCHIATRY, PSYCHOLOGY AND LAW 2013; 20:867-881. [PMID: 24659903 PMCID: PMC3961750 DOI: 10.1080/13218719.2012.750896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
As children can be victims or witnesses to crimes and may be required to testify about their experiences in court, the ability to differentiate between children's true and fabricated accounts of victimization is an important issue. This study used automated linguistic analysis software to detect linguistic patterns in order to differentiate between children's true and false stressful bullying reports and reports of non-stressful events. Results revealed that children displayed different linguistic patterns when reporting true and false stressful and non-stressful stories, with non-stressful stories being more accurately discriminated based on linguistic patterns. Results suggest that it is difficult to discriminate accurately and consistently between children's true and false stories of victimization.
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12
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Vredeveldt A, Wagenaar WA. Within-Pair Consistency in Child Witnesses: The Diagnostic Value of Telling the Same Story. APPLIED COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/acp.2921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Willem A. Wagenaar
- University College Utrecht; Utrecht University; Utrecht; The Netherlands
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13
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Reinhard MA. Wer kann den Lügner entlarven? Need for Cognition und die Fähigkeit von Lehramtsstudierenden Wahrheit und Lüge zu erkennen. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PADAGOGISCHE PSYCHOLOGIE 2013. [DOI: 10.1024/1010-0652/a000089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Zwei Studien untersuchen den Zusammenhang von Need for Cognition und der Fähigkeit, Lüge und Wahrheit zu erkennen, bei Lehramtsstudierenden. Den Grundannahmen von Zwei-Prozess-Modellen entsprechend führt ein höheres Need for Cognition zur vermehrten Nutzung inhaltlicher Informationen bei Glaubwürdigkeitsurteilen. Personen mit niedrigerem Need for Cognition nutzen dagegen vorrangig stereotype nonverbale Informationen für ihre Urteile. Bisherige Arbeiten zeigen, dass die Nutzung inhaltlicher Informationen im Vergleich zu stereotypen nonverbalen Hinweisreizen bei der Entdeckung von Täuschungen erfolgversprechender ist. Daher wurde die Hypothese aufgestellt und getestet, dass ein höheres Need for Cognition bei Lehramtsstudierenden mit einer besseren Erkennensleistung von wahren und erlogenen Aussagen einhergeht. Die Ergebnisse von Studie 1 bestätigten diese Hypothese. Studie 2 zeigte darüber hinaus, dass der Zusammenhang zwischen Need for Cognition und Erkennensleistung nur dann auftrat, wenn die Aussagen durch die Quellen nicht vorbereitet werden konnten. Mögliche Implikationen dieser Ergebnisse für die Schulpraxis werden diskutiert.
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Evans AD, Brunet MK, Talwar V, Bala N, Lindsay RC, Lee K. The Effects of Repetition on Children's True and False Reports. PSYCHIATRY, PSYCHOLOGY, AND LAW : AN INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF THE AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND ASSOCIATION OF PSYCHIATRY, PSYCHOLOGY AND LAW 2012; 19:10.1080/13218719.2011.615808. [PMID: 24265592 PMCID: PMC3833819 DOI: 10.1080/13218719.2011.615808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
As children are often called upon to provide testimony in court proceedings, determining the veracity of their statements is an important issue. In the course of investigation by police and social workers, children are often repeatedly interviewed about their experiences, though the impact of this repetition on children's true and false statements remains largely unexamined. The current study analysed semantic differences in children's truthful and fabricated statements about an event they had or had not participated in. Results revealed that children's truthful and fabricated reports differed in linguistic content, and that their language also varied with repetition. Discriminant analyses revealed that with repetition, children's true and false reports became increasingly difficult to differentiate using linguistic markers, though true reports were consistently classified correctly at higher rates than false reports. The implications of these findings for legal procedures concerning child witnesses are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Kang Lee
- University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada & University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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15
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Warren KL, Dodd E, Raynor G, Peterson C. Detecting children's lies: comparing true accounts about highly stressful injuries with unprepared, prepared, and coached lies. BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES & THE LAW 2012; 30:329-341. [PMID: 22566366 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.1994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2011] [Revised: 11/08/2011] [Accepted: 11/23/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In this investigation, 514 university students judged whether children were telling the truth about highly emotional events. Eight children (half female, half 8-9 and the remainder 12-14 years old) had been injured seriously enough to require emergency room treatment and were interviewed a few days later. Each was yoked to three other children matched in age and gender who fabricated accounts under one of three conditions: lies that were unprepared, prepared (24 hours to prepare), and coached by parents. Participants were at chance when judging true accounts as well as unprepared and prepared lies. However, 74% of the coached lies were judged as true. Participants' confidence in their judgments, age, experience with children, and relevant coursework/training did not improve judgments.
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Dahl LC, Price HL. “He Couldn't Have Done It, He Was With Me!”: The Impact of Alibi Witness Age and Relationship. APPLIED COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/acp.2821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leora C. Dahl
- Department of Psychology; Okanagan College; Kelowna; British Columbia; Canada
| | - Heather L. Price
- Department of Psychology; University of Regina; Regina; Saskatchewan; Canada
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17
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Easton S, Akehurst L. Tools for the detection of lying and malingering in the medico-legal interview setting. Med Leg J 2011; 79:103-8. [PMID: 21908492 DOI: 10.1258/mlj.2011.011023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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18
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How do teachers perceive cheating students? Beliefs about cues to deception and detection accuracy in the educational field. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY OF EDUCATION 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10212-011-0074-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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19
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20
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21
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O'Sullivan M, Frank MG, Hurley CM, Tiwana J. Police lie detection accuracy: the effect of lie scenario. LAW AND HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2009; 33:530-538. [PMID: 19242785 DOI: 10.1007/s10979-008-9166-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Although most people are not better than chance in detecting deception, some groups of police professionals have demonstrated significant lie detection accuracy. One reason for this difference may be that the types of lies police are asked to judge in scientific experiments often do not represent the types of lies they see in their profession. Across 23 studies, involving 31 different police groups in eight countries, police officers tested with lie detection scenarios using high stakes lies (i.e., the lie was personally involving and/or resulted in substantial rewards or punishments for the liar) were significantly more accurate than law enforcement officials tested with low stakes lies. Face validity and construct validity of various lie scenarios are differentiated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen O'Sullivan
- Department of Psychology, University of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94117, USA.
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22
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Leach AM, Lindsay RCL, Koehler R, Beaudry JL, Bala NC, Lee K, Talwar V. The reliability of lie detection performance. LAW AND HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2009; 33:96-109. [PMID: 18594955 DOI: 10.1007/s10979-008-9137-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2008] [Accepted: 04/09/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We examined whether individuals' ability to detect deception remained stable over time. In two sessions, held one week apart, university students viewed video clips of individuals and attempted to differentiate between the lie-tellers and truth-tellers. Overall, participants had difficulty detecting all types of deception. When viewing children answering yes-no questions about a transgression (Experiments 1 and 5), participants' performance was highly reliable. However, rating adults who provided truthful or fabricated accounts did not produce a significant alternate forms correlation (Experiment 2). This lack of reliability was not due to the types of deceivers (i.e., children versus adults) or interviews (i.e., closed-ended questions versus extended accounts) (Experiment 3). Finally, the type of deceptive scenario (naturalistic vs. experimentally-manipulated) could not account for differences in reliability (Experiment 4). Theoretical and legal implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy-May Leach
- Faculty of Criminology, Justice, and Policy Studies, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, ON, Canada, L1H 7K4.
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