1
|
Attia L, Nguyen D, Gokhale D, Zheng T, Doyle PS. Surfactant-Polymer Complexation and Competition on Drug Nanocrystal Surfaces Control Crystallinity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:34409-34418. [PMID: 38889207 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c06815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Nanosizing drug crystals has emerged as a successful approach to enabling oral bioavailability, as increasing drug crystal surface area improves dissolution kinetics and effective solubility. Recently, bottom-up methods have been developed to directly assemble nanosized crystals by leveraging polymer and surfactant excipients during crystallization to control crystal size, morphology, and structure. However, while significant research has investigated how polymers and other single additives inhibit or promote crystallization in pharmaceutical systems, there is little work studying the mechanistic interactions of multiple excipients on drug crystal structure and the extent of crystallinity, which can influence formulation performance. This study explores how the structure and crystallinity of a model hydrophobic drug crystal, fenofibrate, change as a result of competitive interfacial chemisorption between common nonionic surfactants (polysorbate 80 and sorbitan monooleate) and a surface-active polymer excipient (methylcellulose). Classical molecular dynamics simulations highlight how key intermolecular interactions, including surfactant-polymer complexation and surfactant screening of the crystal surface, modify the resulting crystal structure. In parallel, experiments generating drug nanocrystals in hydrogel thin films validate that drug crystallinity increases with an increasing weight fraction of surfactant. Simulation results reveal a connection between accelerated dynamics in the bulk crystal and the experimentally measured extent of crystallinity. To our knowledge, these are the first simulations that directly characterize structural changes in a drug crystal as a result of excipient surface composition and relate the experimental extent of crystallinity to structural changes in the molecular crystal. Our approach provides a mechanistic understanding of crystallinity in nanocrystallization, which can expand the range of orally deliverable small molecule therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Attia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Dien Nguyen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Devashish Gokhale
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Talia Zheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Patrick S Doyle
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise, Singapore 138602, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Attia L, Chen LH, Doyle PS. Orthogonal Gelations to Synthesize Core-Shell Hydrogels Loaded with Nanoemulsion-Templated Drug Nanoparticles for Versatile Oral Drug Delivery. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2301667. [PMID: 37507108 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202301667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Hydrophobic active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) are ubiquitous in the drug development pipeline, but their poor bioavailability often prevents their translation into drug products. Industrial processes to formulate hydrophobic APIs are expensive, difficult to optimize, and not flexible enough to incorporate customizable drug release profiles into drug products. Here, a novel, dual-responsive gelation process that exploits orthogonal thermo-responsive and ion-responsive gelations is introduced. This one-step "dual gelation" synthesizes core-shell (methylcellulose-alginate) hydrogel particles and encapsulates drug-laden nanoemulsions in the hydrogel matrices. In situ crystallization templates drug nanocrystals inside the polymeric core, while a kinetically stable amorphous solid dispersion is templated in the shell. Drug release is explored as a function of particle geometry, and programmable release is demonstrated for various therapeutic applications including delayed pulsatile release and sequential release of a model fixed-dose combination drug product of ibuprofen and fenofibrate. Independent control over drug loading between the shell and the core is demonstrated. This formulation approach is shown to be a flexible process to develop drug products with biocompatible materials, facile synthesis, and precise drug release performance. This work suggests and applies a novel method to leverage orthogonal gel chemistries to generate functional core-shell hydrogel particles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Attia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Liang-Hsun Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Patrick S Doyle
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise, Singapore, 138602, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Manghnani PN, Schenck L, Khan SA, Doyle PS. Templated Reactive Crystallization of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient in Hydrogel Microparticles Enabling Robust Drug Product Processing. J Pharm Sci 2023; 112:2115-2123. [PMID: 37160228 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2023.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Commercialization of most promising active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) is impeded either by poor bioavailability or challenging physical properties leading to costly manufacture. Bioavailability of ionizable hydrophobic APIs can be enhanced by its conversion to salt form. While salt form of the API presents higher solution concentration than the non-ionized form, poor physical properties resulting from particle anisotropy or non-ideal morphology (needles) and particle size distribution not meeting dissolution rate targets can still inhibit its commercial translation. In this regard, API physical properties can be improved through addition of non-active components (excipients or carriers) during API manufacture. In this work, a facile method to perform reactive crystallization of an API salt in presence of the microporous environment of a hydrogel microparticle is presented. Specifically, the reaction between acidic antiretroviral API, raltegravir and base potassium hydroxide is performed in the presence of polyethylene glycol diacrylamide hydrogel microparticles. In this bottom-up approach, the spherical template hydrogel microparticles for the reaction lead to monodisperse composites loaded with inherently micronized raltegravir-potassium crystals, thus improving API physical properties without hampering bioavailability. Overall, this technique provides a novel approach to reactive crystallization while maintaining the API polymorph and crystallinity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Purnima N Manghnani
- Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, 1 CREATE Way, #04-13/14 Enterprise Wing 138602, Singapore
| | - Luke Schenck
- Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., 126 E. Lincoln Ave Rahway NJ 07065, USA
| | - Saif A Khan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore; Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, 1 CREATE Way, #04-13/14 Enterprise Wing 138602, Singapore.
| | - Patrick S Doyle
- Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, 1 CREATE Way, #04-13/14 Enterprise Wing 138602, Singapore; Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue Room E17-504F, Cambridge, MA, 02139 USA; Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine, Boston, MA, 02115 USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu S, Deng Y, Liu W, Li Z, Li L, Zhang R, Jiang Y. Chitosan hydrogel for controlled crystallization of loaded drug: Role of interplay of assembly processes. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.128824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
5
|
Boon-In S, Theerasilp M, Crespy D. Marrying the incompatible for better: Incorporation of hydrophobic payloads in superhydrophilic hydrogels. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 622:75-86. [PMID: 35489103 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS The entrapment of lyophobic in superhydrophilic hydrogels is challenging because of the intrinsic incompatibility between hydrophobic and hydrophilic molecules. To achieve such entrapment without affecting the hydrogel's formation, the electrospinning of nanodroplets or nanoparticles with a water-soluble polymer could reduce the incompatibility through the reduction of interfacial tension and the formation of a barrier film preventing coalescence or aggregation. EXPERIMENTS Nanodroplets or nanoparticles dispersion are electrospun in the presence of a hydrophilic polymer in hydrogel precursors. The dissolution of the hydrophilic nanofibers during electrospinning allows a redispersion of emulsion droplets and nanoparticles in the hydrogel's matrix. FINDINGS Superhydrophilic hydrogels with well-distributed hydrophobic nanodroplets or nanoparticles are obtained without detrimentally imparting the viscosity of hydrogel's precursors and the mechanical properties of the hydrogels. Compared with the incorporation of droplets without electrospinning, higher loadings of hydrophobic payload are achieved without premature leakage. This concept can be used to entrap hydrophobic agrochemicals, drugs, or antibacterial agents in simple hydrogels formulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Supissra Boon-In
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong 21210, Thailand.
| | - Man Theerasilp
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong 21210, Thailand.
| | - Daniel Crespy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong 21210, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bora M, Hsu MN, Khan SA, Doyle PS. Hydrogel Microparticle-Templated Anti-Solvent Crystallization of Small-Molecule Drugs. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2102252. [PMID: 34936230 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202102252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Conventional formulation strategies for hydrophobic small-molecule drug products frequently include mechanical milling to decrease active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) crystal size and subsequent granulation processes to produce an easily handled powder. A hydrogel-templated anti-solvent crystallization method is presented for the facile fabrication of microparticles containing dispersed nanocrystals of poorly soluble API. Direct crystallization within a porous hydrogel particle template yields core-shell structures in which the hydrogel core containing API nanocrystals is encased by a crystalline API shell. The process of controllable loading (up to 64% w/w) is demonstrated, and tailored dissolution profiles are achieved by simply altering the template particle size. API release is well described by a shrinking core model. Overall, the approach is a simple, scalable and potentially generalizable method that enables novel means of independently controlling both API crystallization and excipient characteristics, offering a "designer" drug particle system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meghali Bora
- Singapore‐MIT Alliance for Research and Technology 1 CREATE Way, #04‐13/14 Enterprise Wing Singapore 138602 Singapore
| | - Myat Noe Hsu
- Singapore‐MIT Alliance for Research and Technology 1 CREATE Way, #04‐13/14 Enterprise Wing Singapore 138602 Singapore
| | - Saif A Khan
- Singapore‐MIT Alliance for Research and Technology 1 CREATE Way, #04‐13/14 Enterprise Wing Singapore 138602 Singapore
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering National University of Singapore 1 CREATE Way, #04‐13/14 Enterprise Wing Singapore 138602 Singapore
| | - Patrick S Doyle
- Singapore‐MIT Alliance for Research and Technology 1 CREATE Way, #04‐13/14 Enterprise Wing Singapore 138602 Singapore
- Department of Chemical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Room E17‐504F Cambridge MA 02139 USA
- Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine Boston MA 02115 USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Liu H, Chiou BS, Ma Y, Corke H, Liu F. Reducing synthetic colorants release from alginate-based liquid-core beads with a zein shell. Food Chem 2022; 384:132493. [PMID: 35247775 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
An innovative method to reduce hydrophilic synthetic colorant release at interface was presented in this work, based on the anti-solvent effect at the membrane outside surface of liquid-core beads manufactured by reverse spherification between alginate and calcium ion. Zein, a hydrophobic protein which formed precipitation shell ensured the stability of colorant. Acidification of solvent made zein particles more kinetically stable, allowed zein stretching and collated more orderly secondary structures even in high polarity solvents. Colorants that hydrogen bonded or electrostatically interacted with zein could have optimized release properties. The zein/erythrosine samples had the most orderly secondary structure from circular dichroism and had the highest stability among all zein/colorant systems. The release rate of erythrosine was only 2.76% after 48 h storage after soaking in zein shell solution. This study demonstrated a promising clean and scalable strategy to encapsulate hydrophilic compounds in zein-based shells of liquid-core beads for food, supplement and pharmaceutical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongxiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Biotechnology and Food Engineering Program, Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China; Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Bor-Sen Chiou
- Western Regional Research Center, ARS, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, United States
| | - Yun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Harold Corke
- Biotechnology and Food Engineering Program, Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China; Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Fei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Biotechnology and Food Engineering Program, Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lu G, Shen X, Xiao D, Rong L, Mao Z, Wang B, Sui X, Zhao M, Feng X. Antibacterial thyme oil-loaded zwitterionic emulsion hydrogels. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:2691-2698. [PMID: 35098955 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02853g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Emulsion hydrogels are structurally composite materials combining the advantages of emulsions and hydrogels with the ability to accommodate hydrophobic and hydrophilic components in one system. It is a promising strategy for the excellent encapsulation and delivery of many bioactive ingredients. In this work, the thyme oil-loaded zwitterionic emulsion hydrogels are constructed by the cellulose acetoacetate-horseradish peroxidase-hydrogen peroxide-initiated (CAA-HRP-H2O2-initiated) ternary enzyme-mediated polymerization of the thyme oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions stabilized by cellulose acetoacetate (CAA). CAA is the key component in the system, acting as the emulsifier and the polymerization mediator simultaneously. The formed zwitterionic poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate) (PSBMA) hydrogel network provides emulsion hydrogels with good hydration capacity and potential anti-fouling performance. The thyme oil-loaded zwitterionic emulsion hydrogels exhibit interconnected, uniform, and adjustable porous structures with tunable mechanical properties, antifouling performance, good biocompatibility, and excellent antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli. These results all demonstrate that the ternary enzyme-mediated polymerization of zwitterionic monomers in the continuous phase of O/W emulsion templates is a facile and efficient strategy to encapsulate hydrophobic bioactive ingredients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gangchen Lu
- Key Lab of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China. .,National Engineering Research Center for Dyeing and Finishing of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Shen
- Key Lab of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China. .,National Engineering Research Center for Dyeing and Finishing of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongdong Xiao
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, People's Republic of China
| | - Liduo Rong
- Key Lab of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China. .,National Engineering Research Center for Dyeing and Finishing of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiping Mao
- Key Lab of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China. .,National Engineering Research Center for Dyeing and Finishing of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China.,National Manufacturing Innovation Center of Advanced Dyeing and Finishing Technology, Tai'an, Shandong, 271000, People's Republic of China
| | - Bijia Wang
- Key Lab of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaofeng Sui
- Key Lab of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China. .,National Engineering Research Center for Dyeing and Finishing of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Meixin Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xueling Feng
- Key Lab of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China. .,National Engineering Research Center for Dyeing and Finishing of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China.,National Manufacturing Innovation Center of Advanced Dyeing and Finishing Technology, Tai'an, Shandong, 271000, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lemanowicz M, Mielańczyk A, Walica T, Kotek M, Gierczycki A. Application of Polymers as a Tool in Crystallization-A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13162695. [PMID: 34451235 PMCID: PMC8401169 DOI: 10.3390/polym13162695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of polymers as a tool in the crystallization process is gaining more and more interest among the scientific community. According to Web of Science statistics the number of papers dealing with “Polymer induced crystallization” increased from 2 in 1990 to 436 in 2020, and for “Polymer controlled crystallization”—from 4 in 1990 to 344 in 2020. This is clear evidence that both topics are vivid, attractive and intensively investigated nowadays. Efficient control of crystallization and crystal properties still represents a bottleneck in the manufacturing of crystalline materials ranging from pigments, antiscalants, nanoporous materials and pharmaceuticals to semiconductor particles. However, a rapid development in precise and reliable measuring methods and techniques would enable one to better describe phenomena involved, to formulate theoretical models, and probably most importantly, to develop practical indications for how to appropriately lead many important processes in the industry. It is clearly visible at the first glance through a number of representative papers in the area, that many of them are preoccupied with the testing and production of pharmaceuticals, while the rest are addressed to new crystalline materials, renewable energy, water and wastewater technology and other branches of industry where the crystallization process takes place. In this work, authors gathered and briefly discuss over 100 papers, published in leading scientific periodicals, devoted to the influence of polymers on crystallizing solutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Lemanowicz
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Process Design, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (T.W.); (M.K.); (A.G.)
- Correspondence: (M.L.); (A.M.); Tel.: +48-32-237-28-32 (M.L.); +48-32-237-15-73 (A.M.); Fax: +48-32-237-14-61 (M.L.); +48-32-237-15-09 (A.M.)
| | - Anna Mielańczyk
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
- Correspondence: (M.L.); (A.M.); Tel.: +48-32-237-28-32 (M.L.); +48-32-237-15-73 (A.M.); Fax: +48-32-237-14-61 (M.L.); +48-32-237-15-09 (A.M.)
| | - Tomasz Walica
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Process Design, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (T.W.); (M.K.); (A.G.)
| | - Milena Kotek
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Process Design, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (T.W.); (M.K.); (A.G.)
| | - Andrzej Gierczycki
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Process Design, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (T.W.); (M.K.); (A.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chen LH, Doyle PS. Design and Use of a Thermogelling Methylcellulose Nanoemulsion to Formulate Nanocrystalline Oral Dosage Forms. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2008618. [PMID: 34096099 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202008618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Oral drug products have become indispensable in modern medicine because of their exceptional patient compliance. However, poor bioavailability of ubiquitous low-water-soluble active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and lack of efficient oral drug formulations remain as significant challenges. Nanocrystalline formulations are an attractive route to increase API solubility, but typically require abrasive mechanical milling and several processing steps to create an oral dosage form. Using the dual amphiphilic and thermoresponsive properties of methylcellulose (MC), a new thermogelling nanoemulsion and a facile thermal dripping method are developed for efficient formulation of composite particles with the MC matrix embedded with precisely controlled API nanocrystals. Moreover, a fast and tunable release performance is achieved with the combination of a fast-eroding MC matrix and fast-dissolving API nanocrystals. Using the versatile thermal processing approach, the thermogelling nanoemulsion is easily formulated into a wide variety of dosage forms (nanoparticle suspension, drug tablet, and oral thin film) in a manner that avoids nanomilling. Overall, the proposed thermogelling nanoemulsion platform not only broadens the applications of thermoresponsive nanoemulsions but also shows great promise for more efficient formulation of oral drug products with high quality and tunable fast release.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Hsun Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Patrick S Doyle
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise, Singapore, 138602, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ielo I, Giacobello F, Sfameni S, Rando G, Galletta M, Trovato V, Rosace G, Plutino MR. Nanostructured Surface Finishing and Coatings: Functional Properties and Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:2733. [PMID: 34067241 PMCID: PMC8196899 DOI: 10.3390/ma14112733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This review presents current literature on different nanocomposite coatings and surface finishing for textiles, and in particular this study has focused on smart materials, drug-delivery systems, industrial, antifouling and nano/ultrafiltration membrane coatings. Each of these nanostructured coatings shows interesting properties for different fields of application. In this review, particular attention is paid to the synthesis and the consequent physico-chemical characteristics of each coating and, therefore, to the different parameters that influence the substrate deposition process. Several techniques used in the characterization of these surface finishing coatings were also described. In this review the sol-gel method for preparing stimuli-responsive coatings as smart sensor materials is described; polymers and nanoparticles sensitive to pH, temperature, phase, light and biomolecules are also treated; nanomaterials based on phosphorus, borates, hydroxy carbonates and silicones are used and described as flame-retardant coatings; organic/inorganic hybrid sol-gel coatings for industrial applications are illustrated; carbon nanotubes, metallic oxides and polymers are employed for nano/ultrafiltration membranes and antifouling coatings. Research institutes and industries have collaborated in the advancement of nanotechnology by optimizing conversion processes of conventional materials into coatings with new functionalities for intelligent applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ileana Ielo
- Institute for the Study of Nanostructured Materials, ISMN–CNR, Palermo, c/o Department of ChiBioFarAm, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, Vill. S. Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy; (I.I.); (F.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Fausta Giacobello
- Institute for the Study of Nanostructured Materials, ISMN–CNR, Palermo, c/o Department of ChiBioFarAm, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, Vill. S. Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy; (I.I.); (F.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Silvia Sfameni
- Institute for the Study of Nanostructured Materials, ISMN–CNR, Palermo, c/o Department of ChiBioFarAm, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, Vill. S. Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy; (I.I.); (F.G.); (S.S.)
- Department of Engineering, University of Messina, Contrada di Dio, S. Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Giulia Rando
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Analytical Sciences (ChiBioFarAm), University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, Vill. S. Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy; (G.R.); (M.G.)
| | - Maurilio Galletta
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Analytical Sciences (ChiBioFarAm), University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, Vill. S. Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy; (G.R.); (M.G.)
| | - Valentina Trovato
- Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Bergamo, Viale Marconi 5, 24044 Dalmine (BG), Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Rosace
- Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Bergamo, Viale Marconi 5, 24044 Dalmine (BG), Italy;
| | - Maria Rosaria Plutino
- Institute for the Study of Nanostructured Materials, ISMN–CNR, Palermo, c/o Department of ChiBioFarAm, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, Vill. S. Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy; (I.I.); (F.G.); (S.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ahmad Raus R, Wan Nawawi WMF, Nasaruddin RR. Alginate and alginate composites for biomedical applications. Asian J Pharm Sci 2021; 16:280-306. [PMID: 34276819 PMCID: PMC8261255 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2020.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Alginate is an edible heteropolysaccharide that abundantly available in the brown seaweed and the capsule of bacteria such as Azotobacter sp. and Pseudomonas sp. Owing to alginate gel forming capability, it is widely used in food, textile and paper industries; and to a lesser extent in biomedical applications as biomaterial to promote wound healing and tissue regeneration. This is evident from the rising use of alginate-based dressing for heavily exuding wound and their mass availability in the market nowadays. However, alginate also has limitation. When in contact with physiological environment, alginate could gelate into softer structure, consequently limits its potential in the soft tissue regeneration and becomes inappropriate for the usage related to load bearing body parts. To cater this problem, wide range of materials have been added to alginate structure, producing sturdy composite materials. For instance, the incorporation of adhesive peptide and natural polymer or synthetic polymer to alginate moieties creates an improved composite material, which not only possesses better mechanical properties compared to native alginate, but also grants additional healing capability and promote better tissue regeneration. In addition, drug release kinetic and cell viability can be further improved when alginate composite is used as encapsulating agent. In this review, preparation of alginate and alginate composite in various forms (fibre, bead, hydrogel, and 3D-printed matrices) used for biomedical application is described first, followed by the discussion of latest trend related to alginate composite utilization in wound dressing, drug delivery, and tissue engineering applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raha Ahmad Raus
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50728, Malaysia
| | - Wan Mohd Fazli Wan Nawawi
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50728, Malaysia
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Research Group (NanoRG), International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50728, Malaysia
| | - Ricca Rahman Nasaruddin
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50728, Malaysia
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Research Group (NanoRG), International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50728, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Schieferstein JM, Reichert P, Narasimhan CN, Yang X, Doyle PS. Hydrogel Microsphere Encapsulation Enhances the Flow Properties of Monoclonal Antibody Crystal Formulations. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiaoyu Yang
- Merck Research Laboratories Kenilworth NJ 07033
| | - Patrick S. Doyle
- Department of Chemical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02142
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Yazdian Kashani S, Afzalian A, Shirinichi F, Keshavarz Moraveji M. Microfluidics for core-shell drug carrier particles - a review. RSC Adv 2020; 11:229-249. [PMID: 35423057 PMCID: PMC8691093 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra08607j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Core-shell drug-carrier particles are known for their unique features. Due to the combination of superior properties not exhibited by the individual components, core-shell particles have gained a lot of interest. The structures could integrate core and shell characteristics and properties. These particles were designed for controlled drug release in the desired location. Therefore, the side effects would be minimized. So, these particles' advantages have led to the introduction of new methods and ideas for their fabrication. In the past few years, the generation of drug carrier core-shell particles in microfluidic chips has attracted much attention. This method makes it possible to produce particles at nanometer and micrometer levels of the same shape and size; it usually costs less than other methods. The other advantages of using microfluidic techniques compared to conventional bulk methods are integration capability, reproducibility, and higher efficiency. These advantages have created a positive outlook on this approach. This review gives an overview of the various fluidic concepts that are used to generate microparticles or nanoparticles. Also, an overview of traditional and more recent microfluidic devices and their design and structure for the generation of core-shell particles is given. The unique benefits of the microfluidic technique for core-shell drug carrier particle generation are demonstrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Yazdian Kashani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic) 1591634311 Tehran Iran +98 21 64543182
| | - Amir Afzalian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic) 1591634311 Tehran Iran +98 21 64543182
| | - Farbod Shirinichi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic) 1591634311 Tehran Iran +98 21 64543182
| | - Mostafa Keshavarz Moraveji
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic) 1591634311 Tehran Iran +98 21 64543182
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
|
16
|
Chen L, Cheng L, Doyle PS. Nanoemulsion-Loaded Capsules for Controlled Delivery of Lipophilic Active Ingredients. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2001677. [PMID: 33101868 PMCID: PMC7578884 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202001677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Nanoemulsions have become ideal candidates for loading hydrophobic active ingredients and enhancing their bioavailability in the pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries. However, the lack of versatile carrier platforms for nanoemulsions hinders advanced control over their release behavior. In this work, a method is developed to encapsulate nanoemulsions in alginate capsules for the controlled delivery of lipophilic active ingredients. Functional nanoemulsions loaded with active ingredients and calcium ions are first prepared, followed by encapsulation inside alginate shells. The intrinsically high viscosity of the nanoemulsions ensures the formation of spherical capsules and high encapsulation efficiency during the synthesis. Moreover, a facile approach is developed to measure the nanoemulsion release profile from capsules through UV-vis measurement without an additional extraction step. A quantitative analysis of the release profiles shows that the capsule systems possess a tunable, delayed-burst release. The encapsulation methodology is generalized to other active ingredients, oil phases, nanodroplet sizes, and chemically crosslinked inner hydrogel cores. Overall, the capsule systems provide promising platforms for various functional nanoemulsion formulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang‐Hsun Chen
- Department of Chemical EngineeringMassachusetts Institute of Technology77 Massachusetts AvenueCambridgeMA02139USA
| | - Li‐Chiun Cheng
- Department of Chemical EngineeringMassachusetts Institute of Technology77 Massachusetts AvenueCambridgeMA02139USA
| | - Patrick S. Doyle
- Department of Chemical EngineeringMassachusetts Institute of Technology77 Massachusetts AvenueCambridgeMA02139USA
- Campus for Research Excellence and Technological EnterpriseSingapore138602Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Liu H, Liu F, Ma Y, Goff HD, Zhong F. Versatile preparation of spherically and mechanically controllable liquid-core-shell alginate-based bead through interfacial gelation. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 236:115980. [PMID: 32172829 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.115980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Developing alginate-based beads with liquid-core-shell structure is highly appealing for industrial applications as a promising delivery matrix material. Herein, based on the reaction-diffusion mechanism, a facile method that includes dissolving natural polymer in calcium ion core solution followed by dripping it to alginate shell bath is proposed through interfacial gelation. By facilely tuning the viscosity and surface tension, the boundary condition for forming spherical beads with applicable mechanical properties was obtained. The universal viscosity-boundary relationship was independent of the type or charge condition of polymers in liquid-core. However, chitosan in the core solution significantly affected mechanical properties due to polyelectrolyte interaction with alginate, based on FTIR and SEM analyses. Moreover, a larger spherical zone was obtained by adding a surfactant into the shell bath. By varying calcium ion concentration and reaction time, beads of superior mechanical properties were obtained with an increase in shell membrane compactness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongxiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Fei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
| | - Yun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - H Douglas Goff
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Fang Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Schenck L, Erdemir D, Saunders Gorka L, Merritt JM, Marziano I, Ho R, Lee M, Bullard J, Boukerche M, Ferguson S, Florence AJ, Khan SA, Sun CC. Recent Advances in Co-processed APIs and Proposals for Enabling Commercialization of These Transformative Technologies. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:2232-2244. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luke Schenck
- Process Research and Development, Merck & Co. Inc., 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Deniz Erdemir
- Drug Product Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 1 Squibb Drive, New Brunswick New Jersey 08903, United States
| | | | - Jeremy M. Merritt
- Small Molecule Design and Development, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46221, United States
| | - Ivan Marziano
- Pfizer R&D UK Limited, Discovery Park, Ramsgate Road, Sandwich CT13 9NJ, United Kingdom
| | - Raimundo Ho
- Solid State Chemistry, AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Mei Lee
- Chemical Development, Product Development and Supply, GlaxoSmithKline, Gunnelswood Road, Stevenage SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph Bullard
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - Moussa Boukerche
- Center of Excellence for Isolation and Separation Technologies, AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Steven Ferguson
- SSPC, The SFI Centre for Pharmaceuticals, School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Belifield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Alastair J. Florence
- EPSRC Future Continuous Manufacturing and Advanced Crystallization Hub, CMAC, University of Strathclyde Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Saif A. Khan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Changquan Calvin Sun
- Pharmaceutical Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kass L, Cardenas‐Vasquez ED, Hsiao LC. Composite double network hydrogels with thermoresponsive colloidal nanoemulsions. AIChE J 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.16817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Kass
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringNorth Carolina State University Raleigh
| | | | - Lilian C. Hsiao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringNorth Carolina State University Raleigh
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Pal N, Kumar N, Mandal A. Stabilization of Dispersed Oil Droplets in Nanoemulsions by Synergistic Effects of the Gemini Surfactant, PHPA Polymer, and Silica Nanoparticle. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:2655-2667. [PMID: 30672301 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b03364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Nanoemulsion systems comprising n-heptane (oleic component), stabilized by the {gemini surfactant (14-6-14 GS) + polymer [partially hydrolyzed poly-acrylamide (PHPA)] + silica (SiO2) nanoparticle} shell and dispersed in aqueous phase, were synthesized by ultrasonication (high-energy method). Influence of ultrasonication time on nanoemulsion kinetics was investigated to predict the saturation droplet diameter. Morphological analysis by transmission electron cryomicroscopy imaging showed that oleic phase appears as uniformly dispersed spherical droplets in 14-6-14 GS-stabilized nanoemulsion, which on PHPA addition changes into a network structure consisting of larger oil droplets. 14-6-14 + PHPA + SiO2 nanoemulsion systems show more effective packing arrangement with irregular-shaped (nonspherical) droplets. Dynamic light scattering studies identified droplet size distribution profiles in the range 4.2-25.4 nm for the surfactant-stabilized nanoemulsion, 125.9-358.8 nm for the surfactant-polymer nanoemulsion, and 88.4-222.3 nm for the surfactant-polymer-nanoparticle-based nanoemulsion in optimal dosage(s). Statistical analyses were performed using normal, log-normal, and Cauchy-Lorentz distribution functions. A modified form of Hinze theory was employed to model droplet behavior in analyzed nanoemulsion systems. Zeta potential values of nanoemulsions were studied at different time intervals to determine kinetic stability as well as corroborate Hinze model findings. In summary, this article aims at investigating nanoemulsion droplet stability by thorough examination of electrostatic repulsive barrier and steric hindrance effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nilanjan Pal
- Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) , Dhanbad 826004 , India
| | - Narendra Kumar
- Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) , Dhanbad 826004 , India
| | - Ajay Mandal
- Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) , Dhanbad 826004 , India
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Godfrin PD, Lee H, Lee JH, Doyle PS. Photopolymerized Micelle-Laden Hydrogels Can Simultaneously Form and Encapsulate Nanocrystals to Improve Drug Substance Solubility and Expedite Drug Product Design. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1803372. [PMID: 30645039 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201803372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Formulation technologies are critical for increasing the efficacy of drug products containing poorly soluble hydrophobic drugs, which compose roughly 70% of small molecules in commercial pipelines. Nanomedicines, such as nanocrystal formulations and amorphous solid suspensions, are effective approaches to increasing solubility. However, existing techniques require additional processing into a final dosage form, which strongly influences drug delivery and clinical performance. To enhance hydrophobic drug product efficacy and clinical throughput, a hydrogel material is developed as a sacrificial template to simultaneously form and encapsulate nanocrystals. These hydrogels contain micelles chemically bound to the hydrogel matrix, where the surfactant structure dictates the crystal size and drug loading. Therefore, nanocrystals can be produced in high yield (up to 90% drug loading, by weight) with precisely controlled sizes as small as 4 nm independently of hydrogel composition. Nanocrystals and surfactant are then released together to increase the solubility up to 70 times above bulk crystalline material. By integrating nanocrystals into a final dosage form, micelle-laden hydrogels simplify hydrophobic drug product design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Douglas Godfrin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Hyundo Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Ji Hyun Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Patrick S Doyle
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Shi X, Ye Y, Wang H, Liu F, Wang Z. Designing pH-Responsive Biodegradable Polymer Coatings for Controlled Drug Release via Vapor-Based Route. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:38449-38458. [PMID: 30360069 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b14016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We present the design of a novel pH-responsive drug release system that is achieved by solventless encapsulation of drugs within a microporous membrane using a thin capping layer of biodegradable poly(methacrylic anhydride) (PMAH) coating. The coating was synthesized via a mild vapor polymerization process, namely, initiated chemical vapor deposition, which allowed perfect retention of the anhydride groups during deposition. The synthesized polyanhydride underwent degradation upon exposure to aqueous buffers, resulting in soluble poly(methacrylic acid). The degradation behavior of PMAH is highly pH-dependent, and the degradation rate under pH 10 is 15 times faster than that under pH 1. The release profile of a model drug rifampicin clearly exhibited two stages: the initial stage when the coatings were being degraded but the drugs were well stored and the second stage when drugs were gradually exposed to the medium and released. The drug release also showed strong pH responsiveness where the duration of the initial stage under pH 1 was more than 7 and 3 times longer than that under pH 10 and 7.4, respectively, and the release rates at pH 7.4 and 10 were significantly faster than that at pH 1. The pH-dependent degradation of the encapsulant thus enabled good preservation of drugs under low-pH environment but high drug release efficiency under neutral and alkaline environment, suggesting potential applications in site-specific drug delivery systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Shi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering , Ningbo University , Ningbo 315211 , China
| | - Yumin Ye
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering , Ningbo University , Ningbo 315211 , China
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies , Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo 315211 , China
| | - Fu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies , Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo 315211 , China
| | - Zhijie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Semiconductor Materials and Devices , Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100083 , China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Badruddoza AZM, Gupta A, Myerson AS, Trout BL, Doyle PS. Low Energy Nanoemulsions as Templates for the Formulation of Hydrophobic Drugs. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.201700020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abu Zayed Md Badruddoza
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Ankur Gupta
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering; Princeton University; Princeton NJ 08540 USA
| | - Allan S. Myerson
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Bernhardt L. Trout
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Patrick S. Doyle
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Gu T, Yeap EWQ, Cao Z, Ng DZL, Ren Y, Chen R, Khan SA, Hatton TA. Droplet-Templated Antisolvent Spherical Crystallization of Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Drugs with an in situ Formed Binder. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7. [PMID: 28961377 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201700797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
This study presents a novel droplet-templated antisolvent spherical crystallization method applicable to both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs. In both cases, an alginate hydrogel binder forms in situ, concurrently with the crystallization process, effectively binding the drug crystals into monodisperse spheres. This study presents a detailed process description with mass transfer modeling, and with characterization of the obtained alginate/drug spheres in terms of morphology, composition, and drug loading. Although glycine and carbamazepine are used as model hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs, this method is easily generalized to other drugs, and offers several benefits such as minimal thermal impact, fast crystallization rates, high drug-binder loading ratios, and high selectivity toward metastable polymorphs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tonghan Gu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Eunice W Q Yeap
- Department of Chemical and Bimolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4 E5-02-28, 117576, Singapore
| | - Zheng Cao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Denise Z L Ng
- Department of Chemical and Bimolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4 E5-02-28, 117576, Singapore
| | - Yinying Ren
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Ran Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Saif A Khan
- Department of Chemical and Bimolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4 E5-02-28, 117576, Singapore
| | - T Alan Hatton
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Liu EY, Jung S, Weitz DA, Yi H, Choi CH. High-throughput double emulsion-based microfluidic production of hydrogel microspheres with tunable chemical functionalities toward biomolecular conjugation. LAB ON A CHIP 2018; 18:323-334. [PMID: 29242870 DOI: 10.1039/c7lc01088e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Chemically functional hydrogel microspheres hold significant potential in a range of applications including biosensing, drug delivery, and tissue engineering due to their high degree of flexibility in imparting a range of functions. In this work, we present a simple, efficient, and high-throughput capillary microfluidic approach for controlled fabrication of monodisperse and chemically functional hydrogel microspheres via formation of double emulsion drops with an ultra-thin oil shell as a sacrificial template. This method utilizes spontaneous dewetting of the oil phase upon polymerization and transfer into aqueous solution, resulting in poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-based microspheres containing primary amines (chitosan, CS) or carboxylates (acrylic acid, AA) for chemical functionality. Simple fluorescent labelling of the as-prepared microspheres shows the presence of abundant, uniformly distributed and readily tunable functional groups throughout the microspheres. Furthermore, we show the utility of chitosan's primary amine as an efficient conjugation handle at physiological pH due to its low pKa by direct comparison with other primary amines. We also report the utility of these microspheres in biomolecular conjugation using model fluorescent proteins, R-phycoerythrin (R-PE) and green fluorescent protein (GFPuv), via tetrazine-trans-cyclooctene (Tz-TCO) ligation for CS-PEG microspheres and carbodiimide chemistry for AA-PEG microspheres, respectively. The results show rapid coupling of R-PE with the microspheres' functional groups with minimal non-specific adsorption. In-depth protein conjugation kinetics studies with our microspheres highlight the differences in reaction and diffusion of R-PE with CS-PEG and AA-PEG microspheres. Finally, we demonstrate orthogonal one-pot protein conjugation of R-PE and GFPuv with CS-PEG and AA-PEG microspheres via simple size-based encoding. Combined, these results represent a significant advancement in the rapid and reliable fabrication of monodisperse and chemically functional hydrogel microspheres with tunable properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Y Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Preparation of chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol blended films containing sulfosuccinic acid as the crosslinking agent using UV curing process. Food Res Int 2017; 100:377-386. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
27
|
Gupta A, Badruddoza AZM, Doyle PS. A General Route for Nanoemulsion Synthesis Using Low-Energy Methods at Constant Temperature. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:7118-7123. [PMID: 28654749 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b01104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The central dogma of nanoemulsion formation using low-energy methods at constant temperature-popularly known as the emulsion inversion point (EIP) method-is that to create O/W nanoemulsions, water should be added to a mixture of an oil and surfactant. Here, we demonstrate that the above order of mixing is not universal and a reverse order of mixing could be superior, depending on the choice of surfactant and liquid phases. We propose a more general methodology to make O/W as well as W/O nanoemulsions by studying the variation of droplet size with the surfactant hydrophilic-lypophilic balance for several model systems. Our analysis shows that surfactant migration from the initial phase to the interface is the critical step for successful nanoemulsion synthesis of both O/W and W/O nanoemulsions. On the basis of our understanding and experimental results, we utilize the reverse order of mixing for two applications: (1) crystallization and formulation of pharmaceutical drugs with faster dissolution rates and (2) synthesis of alginate-based nanogels. The general route provides insights into nanoemulsion formation through low-energy methods and also opens up possibilities that were previously overlooked in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Gupta
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology , E17-504F, 77 Mass Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Abu Zayed Md Badruddoza
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology , E17-504F, 77 Mass Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Patrick S Doyle
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology , E17-504F, 77 Mass Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
Drug molecules transformed into nanoparticles or endowed with nanostructures with or without the aid of carrier materials are referred to as "nanomedicines" and can overcome some inherent drawbacks of free drugs, such as poor water solubility, high drug dosage, and short drug half-life in vivo. However, most of the existing nanomedicines possess the drawback of low drug-loading (generally less than 10%) associated with more carrier materials. For intravenous administration, the extensive use of carrier materials might cause systemic toxicity and impose an extra burden of degradation, metabolism, and excretion of the materials for patients. Therefore, on the premise of guaranteeing therapeutic effect and function, reducing or avoiding the use of carrier materials is a promising alternative approach to solve these problems. Recently, high drug-loading nanomedicines, which have a drug-loading content higher than 10%, are attracting increasing interest. According to the fabrication strategies of nanomedicines, high drug-loading nanomedicines are divided into four main classes: nanomedicines with inert porous material as carrier, nanomedicines with drug as part of carrier, carrier-free nanomedicines, and nanomedicines following niche and complex strategies. To date, most of the existing high drug-loading nanomedicines belong to the first class, and few research studies have focused on other classes. In this review, we investigate the research status of high drug-loading nanomedicines and discuss the features of their fabrication strategies and optimum proposal in detail. We also point out deficiencies and developing direction of high drug-loading nanomedicines. We envision that high drug-loading nanomedicines will occupy an important position in the field of drug-delivery systems, and hope that novel perspectives will be proposed for the development of high drug-loading nanomedicines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shihong Shen
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Education Ministry, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Youshen Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Education Ministry, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongchun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Education Ministry, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Daocheng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Education Ministry, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Confocal fluorescence mapping of pH profile inside hydrogel beads (microgels) with controllable internal pH values. Food Hydrocoll 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2016.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
30
|
Hsiao LC, Badruddoza AZM, Cheng LC, Doyle PS. 3D printing of self-assembling thermoresponsive nanoemulsions into hierarchical mesostructured hydrogels. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:921-929. [PMID: 28094392 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm02208a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Spinodal decomposition and phase transitions have emerged as viable methods to generate a variety of bicontinuous materials. Here, we show that when arrested phase separation is coupled to the time scales involved in three-dimensional (3D) printing processes, hydrogels with multiple length scales spanning nanometers to millimeters can be printed with high fidelity. We use an oil-in-water nanoemulsion-based ink with rheological and photoreactive properties that satisfy the requirements of stereolithographic 3D printing. This ink is thermoresponsive and consists of poly(dimethyl siloxane) droplets suspended in an aqueous phase containing the surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate and the cross-linker poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate. Control of the hydrogel microstructure can be achieved in the printing process due to the rapid structural recovery of the nanoemulsions after large strain-rate yielding, as well as the shear thinning behavior that allows the ink to conform to the build platform of the printer. Wiper operations are used to ensure even spreading of the yield stress ink on the optical window between successive print steps. Post-processing of the printed samples is used to generate mesoporous hydrogels that serve as size-selective membranes. Our work demonstrates that nanoemulsions, which belong to a class of solution-based materials with flexible functionalities, can be printed into prototypes with complex shapes using a commercially available 3D printer with a few modifications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lilian C Hsiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|