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Li J, Parakhonskiy BV, Skirtach AG. A decade of developing applications exploiting the properties of polyelectrolyte multilayer capsules. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:807-835. [PMID: 36472384 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc04806j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Transferring the layer-by-layer (LbL) coating approach from planar surfaces to spherical templates and subsequently dissolving these templates leads to the fabrication of polyelectrolyte multilayer capsules. The versatility of the coatings of capsules and their flexibility upon bringing in virtually any material into the coatings has quickly drawn substantial attention. Here, we provide an overview of the main developments in this field, highlighting the trends in the last decade. In the beginning, various methods of encapsulation and release are discussed followed by a broad range of applications, which were developed and explored. We also outline the current trends, where the range of applications is continuing to grow, including addition of whole new and different application areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Nano-Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Bogdan V Parakhonskiy
- Nano-Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Andre G Skirtach
- Nano-Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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2
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Surface Modification with Particles Coated or Made of Polymer Multilayers. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14112483. [PMID: 36432674 PMCID: PMC9697854 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The coating of particles or decomposable cores with polyelectrolytes via Layer-by-Layer (LbL) assembly creates free-standing LbL-coated functional particles. Due to the numerous functions that their polymers can bestow, the particles are preferentially selected for a plethora of applications, including, but not limited to coatings, cargo-carriers, drug delivery vehicles and fabric enhancements. The number of publications discussing the fabrication and usage of LbL-assembled particles has consistently increased over the last vicennial. However, past literature fails to either mention or expand upon how these LbL-assembled particles immobilize on to a solid surface. This review evaluates examples of LbL-assembled particles that have been immobilized on to solid surfaces. To aid in the formulation of a mechanism for immobilization, this review examines which forces and factors influence immobilization, and how the latter can be confirmed. The predominant forces in the immobilization of the particles studied here are the Coulombic, capillary, and adhesive forces; hydrogen bonding as well as van der Waal's and hydrophobic interactions are also considered. These are heavily dependent on the factors that influenced immobilization, such as the particle morphology and surface charge. The shape of the LbL particle is related to the particle core, whereas the charge was dependant on the outermost polyelectrolyte in the multilayer coating. The polyelectrolytes also determine the type of bonding that a particle can form with a solid surface. These can be via either physical (non-covalent) or chemical (covalent) bonds; the latter enforcing a stronger immobilization. This review proposes a fundamental theory for immobilization pathways and can be used to support future research in the field of surface patterning and for the general modification of solid surfaces with polymer-based nano- and micro-sized polymer structures.
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Nanoparticles in Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Layer-by-Layer (LbL) Films and Capsules—Key Enabling Components of Hybrid Coatings. COATINGS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings10111131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Originally regarded as auxiliary additives, nanoparticles have become important constituents of polyelectrolyte multilayers. They represent the key components to enhance mechanical properties, enable activation by laser light or ultrasound, construct anisotropic and multicompartment structures, and facilitate the development of novel sensors and movable particles. Here, we discuss an increasingly important role of inorganic nanoparticles in the layer-by-layer assembly—effectively leading to the construction of the so-called hybrid coatings. The principles of assembly are discussed together with the properties of nanoparticles and layer-by-layer polymeric assembly essential in building hybrid coatings. Applications and emerging trends in development of such novel materials are also identified.
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4
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Campbell J, Vikulina AS. Layer-By-Layer Assemblies of Biopolymers: Build-Up, Mechanical Stability and Molecular Dynamics. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1949. [PMID: 32872246 PMCID: PMC7564420 DOI: 10.3390/polym12091949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid development of versatile layer-by-layer technology has resulted in important breakthroughs in the understanding of the nature of molecular interactions in multilayer assemblies made of polyelectrolytes. Nowadays, polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEM) are considered to be non-equilibrium and highly dynamic structures. High interest in biomedical applications of PEMs has attracted attention to PEMs made of biopolymers. Recent studies suggest that biopolymer dynamics determines the fate and the properties of such PEMs; however, deciphering, predicting and controlling the dynamics of polymers remains a challenge. This review brings together the up-to-date knowledge of the role of molecular dynamics in multilayers assembled from biopolymers. We discuss how molecular dynamics determines the properties of these PEMs from the nano to the macro scale, focusing on its role in PEM formation and non-enzymatic degradation. We summarize the factors allowing the control of molecular dynamics within PEMs, and therefore to tailor polymer multilayers on demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Campbell
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK;
| | - Anna S. Vikulina
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Branch Bioanalytics and Bioprocesses, Am Mühlenberg 13, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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5
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Abstract
Site specific drug delivery systems (DDS) are usually developed to overcome the side effects of conventional ones (e.g. injections or oral ingestions), creating smart drug delivery vehicles characterized with greater efficiency, safety, predictable therapeutic response as well as controlled and prolonged drug release periods. DDS made of hyaluronic acid (HA) and poly-L-lysine (PLL) are promising candidates in the field of local drug delivery due to their high biocompatibility. Moreover, electrostatic attractions between negatively charged HA and positively charged PLL can be used to fabricate multilayer films, bilayer films and hydrogels, avoiding the application of toxic crosslinking agents. In this review, we report the preparation of HA/PLL composites exploiting their intrinsic properties, as well as developed composite application possibilities as controlled drug delivery systems in bone tissue, central nervous system and gene engineering.
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Van der Meeren L, Li J, Parakhonskiy BV, Krysko DV, Skirtach AG. Classification of analytics, sensorics, and bioanalytics with polyelectrolyte multilayer capsules. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:5015-5029. [PMID: 32103307 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02428-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) capsules, constructed by LbL (layer-by-layer)-adsorbing polymers on sacrificial templates, have become important carriers due to multifunctionality of materials adsorbed on their surface or encapsulated into their interior. They have been also been used broadly used as analytical tools. Chronologically and traditionally, chemical analytics has been developed first, which has long been synonymous with all analytics. But it is not the only development. To the best of our knowledge, a summary of all advances including their classification is not available to date. Here, we classify analytics, sensorics, and biosensorics functionalities implemented with polyelectrolyte multilayer capsules and coated particles according to the respective stimuli and application areas. In this classification, three distinct categories are identified: (I) chemical analytics (pH; K+, Na+, and Pb2+ ion; oxygen; and hydrogen peroxide sensors and chemical sensing with surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)); (II) physical sensorics (temperature, mechanical properties and forces, and osmotic pressure); and (III) biosensorics and bioanalytics (fluorescence, glucose, urea, and protease biosensing and theranostics). In addition to this classification, we discuss also principles of detection using the above-mentioned stimuli. These application areas are expected to grow further, but the classification provided here should help (a) to realize the wealth of already available analytical and bioanalytical tools developed with capsules using inputs of chemical, physical, and biological stimuli and (b) to position future developments in their respective fields according to employed stimuli and application areas. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Van der Meeren
- Nano-Biotechnology Group, Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jie Li
- Nano-Biotechnology Group, Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bogdan V Parakhonskiy
- Nano-Biotechnology Group, Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dmitri V Krysko
- Cell Death Investigation and Therapy Laboratory, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.,Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Nizhni Novgorod, Russian Federation, 603950
| | - Andre G Skirtach
- Nano-Biotechnology Group, Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium. .,Cancer Research Institute Ghent, 9000, Ghent, Belgium. .,Advanced Light Microscopy Centre, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
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7
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Parakhonskiy BV, Parak WJ, Volodkin D, Skirtach AG. Hybrids of Polymeric Capsules, Lipids, and Nanoparticles: Thermodynamics and Temperature Rise at the Nanoscale and Emerging Applications. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:8574-8583. [PMID: 30964686 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b04331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The importance of thermodynamics does not need to be emphasized. Indeed, elevated temperature processes govern not only industrial scale production but also self-assembly, chemical reaction, interaction between molecules, etc. Not surprisingly, biological processes typically take place at a specific temperature. Here, we look at possibilities to raise the localized temperature by a laser around noble-metal nanoparticles incorporated into shells of layer-by-layer polyelectrolyte microcapsules-freely suspended delivery vehicles in an aqueous solution, developed in the Department of Interfaces, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, headed by Helmuth Möhwald. Understanding the mechanisms of localized temperature rise is essential, that is why we analyze the influence of incident intensity, nanoparticle size, their distribution and aggregation state, as well as thermodynamics at the nanoscale. This leads us to scrutinize "global" (used for thermal encapsulation) versus "local" (used for release of encapsulated materials) temperature rise. Similar analysis is extended to planar polymeric coatings, the lipid membrane system of vesicles and cells, on which nanoparticles are adsorbed. Insights are provided into the mechanisms of physicochemical and biological effects, the nature of which has always been profoundly, interactively, and engagingly discussed in the Department of Interfaces. This analysis is combined with recent developments providing outlook and highlighting a broad range of emerging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan V Parakhonskiy
- Nano-BioTechnology Group, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering , Ghent University , 9000 Ghent , Belgium
| | - Wolfgang J Parak
- Center for Hybrid Nanostructures (CHyN), Fachberich Physik , University of Hamburg , D-22761 Hamburg , Germany
| | - Dmitry Volodkin
- School Science & Technology , Nottingham Trent University , Clifton Lane, Nottingham NG11 8NS , United Kingdom
| | - Andre G Skirtach
- Nano-BioTechnology Group, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering , Ghent University , 9000 Ghent , Belgium
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Zhao S, Caruso F, Dähne L, Decher G, De Geest BG, Fan J, Feliu N, Gogotsi Y, Hammond PT, Hersam MC, Khademhosseini A, Kotov N, Leporatti S, Li Y, Lisdat F, Liz-Marzán LM, Moya S, Mulvaney P, Rogach AL, Roy S, Shchukin DG, Skirtach AG, Stevens MM, Sukhorukov GB, Weiss PS, Yue Z, Zhu D, Parak WJ. The Future of Layer-by-Layer Assembly: A Tribute to ACS Nano Associate Editor Helmuth Möhwald. ACS NANO 2019; 13:6151-6169. [PMID: 31124656 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b03326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly is a widely used tool for engineering materials and coatings. In this Perspective, dedicated to the memory of ACS Nano associate editor Prof. Dr. Helmuth Möhwald, we discuss the developments and applications that are to come in LbL assembly, focusing on coatings, bulk materials, membranes, nanocomposites, and delivery vehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhao
- Fachbereich Physik, CHyN , Universität Hamburg , 22607 Hamburg , Germany
| | - Frank Caruso
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, and the Department of Chemical Engineering , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria 3010 , Australia
| | - Lars Dähne
- Surflay Nanotec GmbH , 12489 Berlin , Germany
| | - Gero Decher
- CNRS Institut Charles Sadron, Faculté de Chimie , Université de Strasbourg, Int. Center for Frontier Research in Chemistry , Strasbourg F-67034 , France
- Int. Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics , Ibaraki 305-0044 , Japan
| | - Bruno G De Geest
- Department of Pharmaceutics , Ghent University , 9000 Ghent , Belgium
| | - Jinchen Fan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biointerfaces Institute , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48105 , United States
| | - Neus Feliu
- Fachbereich Physik, CHyN , Universität Hamburg , 22607 Hamburg , Germany
| | - Yury Gogotsi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and A. J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute , Drexel University , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
| | - Paula T Hammond
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02459 , United States
| | - Mark C Hersam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208-3108 , United States
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Department of Bioengineering, Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI) , University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Nicholas Kotov
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biointerfaces Institute , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48105 , United States
- Michigan Institute for Translational Nanotechnology , Ypsilanti , Michigan 48198 , United States
| | - Stefano Leporatti
- CNR Nanotec-Istituto di Nanotecnologia , Italian National Research Council , Lecce 73100 , Italy
| | - Yan Li
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Fred Lisdat
- Biosystems Technology, Institute for Applied Life Sciences , Technical University , D-15745 Wildau , Germany
| | - Luis M Liz-Marzán
- CIC biomaGUNE , San Sebastian 20009 , Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science , Bilbao 48013 , Spain
| | | | - Paul Mulvaney
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Chemistry , University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria 3010 , Australia
| | - Andrey L Rogach
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Centre for Functional Photonics (CFP) , City University of Hong Kong , Kowloon Tong , Hong Kong SAR
| | - Sathi Roy
- Fachbereich Physik, CHyN , Universität Hamburg , 22607 Hamburg , Germany
| | - Dmitry G Shchukin
- Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy, Department of Chemistry , University of Liverpool , Liverpool L69 7ZF , United Kingdom
| | - Andre G Skirtach
- Nano-BioTechnology group, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering , Ghent University , 9000 Ghent , Belgium
| | - Molly M Stevens
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute for Biomedical Engineering , Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom
| | - Gleb B Sukhorukov
- School of Engineering and Materials Science , Queen Mary University of London , London E1 4NS , United Kingdom
| | - Paul S Weiss
- Department of Bioengineering, Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI) , University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Zhao Yue
- Department of Microelectronics , Nankai University , Tianjin 300350 , China
| | - Dingcheng Zhu
- Fachbereich Physik, CHyN , Universität Hamburg , 22607 Hamburg , Germany
| | - Wolfgang J Parak
- Fachbereich Physik, CHyN , Universität Hamburg , 22607 Hamburg , Germany
- CIC biomaGUNE , San Sebastian 20009 , Spain
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9
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Saveleva MS, Eftekhari K, Abalymov A, Douglas TEL, Volodkin D, Parakhonskiy BV, Skirtach AG. Hierarchy of Hybrid Materials-The Place of Inorganics- in-Organics in it, Their Composition and Applications. Front Chem 2019; 7:179. [PMID: 31019908 PMCID: PMC6459030 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybrid materials, or hybrids incorporating both organic and inorganic constituents, are emerging as a very potent and promising class of materials due to the diverse, but complementary nature of the properties inherent of these different classes of materials. The complementarity leads to a perfect synergy of properties of desired material and eventually an end-product. The diversity of resultant properties and materials used in the construction of hybrids, leads to a very broad range of application areas generated by engaging very different research communities. We provide here a general classification of hybrid materials, wherein organics-in-inorganics (inorganic materials modified by organic moieties) are distinguished from inorganics-in-organics (organic materials or matrices modified by inorganic constituents). In the former area, the surface functionalization of colloids is distinguished as a stand-alone sub-area. The latter area-functionalization of organic materials by inorganic additives-is the focus of the current review. Inorganic constituents, often in the form of small particles or structures, are made of minerals, clays, semiconductors, metals, carbons, and ceramics. They are shown to be incorporated into organic matrices, which can be distinguished as two classes: chemical and biological. Chemical organic matrices include coatings, vehicles and capsules assembled into: hydrogels, layer-by-layer assembly, polymer brushes, block co-polymers and other assemblies. Biological organic matrices encompass bio-molecules (lipids, polysaccharides, proteins and enzymes, and nucleic acids) as well as higher level organisms: cells, bacteria, and microorganisms. In addition to providing details of the above classification and analysis of the composition of hybrids, we also highlight some antagonistic yin-&-yang properties of organic and inorganic materials, review applications and provide an outlook to emerging trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariia S. Saveleva
- Nano-BioTechnology Group, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Remote Controlled Theranostic Systems Lab, Educational Research Institute of Nanostructures and Biosystems, Saratov State University, Saratov, Russia
| | - Karaneh Eftekhari
- Nano-BioTechnology Group, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Anatolii Abalymov
- Remote Controlled Theranostic Systems Lab, Educational Research Institute of Nanostructures and Biosystems, Saratov State University, Saratov, Russia
| | - Timothy E. L. Douglas
- Engineering Department and Materials Science Institute (MSI), Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Dmitry Volodkin
- School of Science & Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Bogdan V. Parakhonskiy
- Nano-BioTechnology Group, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Andre G. Skirtach
- Nano-BioTechnology Group, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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10
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Stimuli-responsive nanoparticles based on co-assembly of naturally-occurring biomacromolecules for in vitro photodynamic therapy. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2017.11.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Vikulina AS, Feoktistova NA, Balabushevich NG, Skirtach AG, Volodkin D. The mechanism of catalase loading into porous vaterite CaCO3 crystals by co-synthesis. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp07836f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of catalase loading into vaterite CaCO3 crystals through co-synthesis is deciphered showing the crucial role of Ca2+-induced catalase aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. S. Vikulina
- School of Science and Technology
- Nottingham Trent University
- NG11 8NS Nottingham
- UK
| | - N. A. Feoktistova
- Department of Chemistry
- Lomonosov Moscow State University
- 119991 Moscow
- Russia
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology
| | | | - A. G. Skirtach
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology
- University of Ghent
- 9000 Gent
- Belgium
| | - D. Volodkin
- School of Science and Technology
- Nottingham Trent University
- NG11 8NS Nottingham
- UK
- Department of Chemistry
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12
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Madaboosi N, Uhlig K, Schmidt S, Vikulina AS, Möhwald H, Duschl C, Volodkin D. A “Cell-Friendly” Window for the Interaction of Cells with Hyaluronic Acid/Poly-l
-Lysine Multilayers. Macromol Biosci 2017; 18. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201700319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Narayanan Madaboosi
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology; Branch Bioanalytics and Bioprocesses (Fraunhofer IZI-BB); Department Cellular Biotechnology & Biochips; Am Mühlenberg 13 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Colloids and Interfaces; Am Mühlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany
| | - Katja Uhlig
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology; Branch Bioanalytics and Bioprocesses (Fraunhofer IZI-BB); Department Cellular Biotechnology & Biochips; Am Mühlenberg 13 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany
| | - Stephan Schmidt
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology; Branch Bioanalytics and Bioprocesses (Fraunhofer IZI-BB); Department Cellular Biotechnology & Biochips; Am Mühlenberg 13 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany
- Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf; Institut für Organische und Makromolekulare Chemie; Universiätsstr.1 40225 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Anna S. Vikulina
- School of Science and Technology; Nottingham Trent University; Clifton Lane Nottingham NG11 8NS UK
| | - Helmuth Möhwald
- Max Planck Institute for Colloids and Interfaces; Am Mühlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany
| | - Claus Duschl
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology; Branch Bioanalytics and Bioprocesses (Fraunhofer IZI-BB); Department Cellular Biotechnology & Biochips; Am Mühlenberg 13 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany
| | - Dmitry Volodkin
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology; Branch Bioanalytics and Bioprocesses (Fraunhofer IZI-BB); Department Cellular Biotechnology & Biochips; Am Mühlenberg 13 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany
- School of Science and Technology; Nottingham Trent University; Clifton Lane Nottingham NG11 8NS UK
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13
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Donatan S, Yashchenok A, Khan N, Parakhonskiy B, Cocquyt M, Pinchasik BE, Khalenkow D, Möhwald H, Konrad M, Skirtach A. Loading Capacity versus Enzyme Activity in Anisotropic and Spherical Calcium Carbonate Microparticles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:14284-92. [PMID: 27166641 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b03492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
A new method of fabrication of calcium carbonate microparticles of ellipsoidal, rhomboidal, and spherical geometries is reported by adjusting the relative concentration ratios of the initial salt solutions and/or the ethylene glycol content in the reaction medium. Morphology, porosity, crystallinity, and loading capacity of synthesized CaCO3 templates were characterized in detail. Particles harboring dextran or the enzyme guanylate kinase were obtained through encapsulation of these macromolecules using the layer-by-layer assembly technique to deposit positively and negatively charged polymers on these differently shaped CaCO3 templates and were characterized by confocal laser scanning fluorescence microscopy, fluorometric techniques, and enzyme activity measurements. The enzymatic activity, an important application of such porous particles and containers, has been analyzed in comparison with the loading capacity and geometry. Our results reveal that the particles' shape influences morphology of particles and that, as a result, affects the activity of the encapsulated enzymes, in addition to the earlier reported influence on cellular uptake. These particles are promising candidates for efficient drug delivery due to their relatively high loading capacity, biocompatibility, and easy fabrication and handling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senem Donatan
- Department of Interfaces, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Golm/Potsdam D-14476, Germany
| | - Alexey Yashchenok
- Department of Interfaces, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Golm/Potsdam D-14476, Germany
- Remote Controlled Theranostic Systems Lab, Institute of Nanostructres and Biosystems, Saratov State University , 410012 Saratov, Russia
| | - Nazimuddin Khan
- Enzyme Biochemistry Group, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry , Göttingen D-37077, Germany
| | - Bogdan Parakhonskiy
- A.V. Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography RAS , 119333 Moscow, Russia
- Remote Controlled Theranostic Systems Lab, Institute of Nanostructres and Biosystems, Saratov State University , 410012 Saratov, Russia
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, NB-Photonics Group, Ghent University , Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Melissa Cocquyt
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, NB-Photonics Group, Ghent University , Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Bat-El Pinchasik
- Department of Interfaces, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Golm/Potsdam D-14476, Germany
- Department of Physics at Interfaces, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Dmitry Khalenkow
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, NB-Photonics Group, Ghent University , Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Helmuth Möhwald
- Department of Interfaces, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Golm/Potsdam D-14476, Germany
| | - Manfred Konrad
- Enzyme Biochemistry Group, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry , Göttingen D-37077, Germany
| | - Andre Skirtach
- Department of Interfaces, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Golm/Potsdam D-14476, Germany
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, NB-Photonics Group, Ghent University , Ghent 9000, Belgium
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Parakhonskiy B, Zyuzin MV, Yashchenok A, Carregal-Romero S, Rejman J, Möhwald H, Parak WJ, Skirtach AG. The influence of the size and aspect ratio of anisotropic, porous CaCO3 particles on their uptake by cells. J Nanobiotechnology 2015; 13:53. [PMID: 26337452 PMCID: PMC4558630 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-015-0111-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent reports highlighting the role of particle geometry have suggested that anisotropy can affect the rate and the pathway of particle uptake by cells. Therefore, we investigate the internalization by cells of porous calcium carbonate particles with different shapes and anisotropies. RESULTS We report here on a new method of the synthesis of polyelectrolyte coated calcium carbonate particles whose geometry was controlled by varying the mixing speed and time, pH value of the reaction solution, and ratio of the interacting salts used for particle formation. Uptake of spherical, cuboidal, ellipsoidal (with two different sizes) polyelectrolyte coated calcium carbonate particles was studied in cervical carcinoma cells. Quantitative data were obtained from the analysis of confocal laser scanning microscopy images. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that the number of internalized calcium carbonate particles depends on the aspect ratio of the particle, whereby elongated particles (higher aspect ratio) are internalized with a higher frequency than more spherical particles (lower aspect ratio). The total volume of internalized particles scales with the volume of the individual particles, in case equal amount of particles were added per cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Parakhonskiy
- Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russia.
- Institute of Nanostructures and Biosystems, Saratov State University, Saratov, Russia.
| | - Mikhail V Zyuzin
- Fachbereich Physik, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
| | - Alexey Yashchenok
- Institute of Nanostructures and Biosystems, Saratov State University, Saratov, Russia.
- Department of Interfaces, Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany.
| | | | - Joanna Rejman
- Fachbereich Physik, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
| | - Helmuth Möhwald
- Department of Interfaces, Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang J Parak
- Fachbereich Physik, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
| | - Andre G Skirtach
- Department of Interfaces, Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany.
- NanoBio-Photonics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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15
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Prokopović VZ, Duschl C, Volodkin D. Hyaluronic Acid/Poly-l-Lysine Multilayers as Reservoirs for Storage and Release of Small Charged Molecules. Macromol Biosci 2015; 15:1357-63. [PMID: 25981869 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201500093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Revised: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Polyelectrolyte multilayer films are nowadays very attractive for bioapplications due to their tunable properties and ability to control cellular response. Here we demonstrate that multilayers made of hyaluronic acid and poly-l-lysine act as high-capacity reservoirs for small charged molecules. Strong accumulation within the film is explained by electrostatically driven binding to free charges of polyelectrolytes. Binding and release mechanisms are discussed based on charge balance and polymer dynamics in the film. Our results show that transport of molecules through the film-solution interface limits the release rate. The multilayers might serve as an effective platform for drug delivery and tissue engineering due to high potential for drug loading and controlled release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Z Prokopović
- Fraunhofer IZI-BB, Am Muehlenberg 13, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.,University of Potsdam, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, Maulbeerallee 2, 14469 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Claus Duschl
- Fraunhofer IZI-BB, Am Muehlenberg 13, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Dmitry Volodkin
- Fraunhofer IZI-BB, Am Muehlenberg 13, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.
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16
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Vikulina AS, Aleed ST, Paulraj T, Vladimirov YA, Duschl C, von Klitzing R, Volodkin D. Temperature-induced molecular transport through polymer multilayers coated with PNIPAM microgels. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:12771-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp01213a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Composite polymer films with temperature controlled permeability are designed by coating soft polyelectrolyte multilayers with PNIPAM microgels.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. S. Vikulina
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology
- 14476 Potsdam-Golm
- Germany
- The Faculty of Fundamental Medicine
- Laboratory of Medical Biophysics
| | - S. T. Aleed
- Stranski-Laboratorium für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie
- Technische Universität Berlin
- D-10623 Berlin
- Germany
| | - T. Paulraj
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology
- 14476 Potsdam-Golm
- Germany
| | - Yu. A. Vladimirov
- The Faculty of Fundamental Medicine
- Laboratory of Medical Biophysics
- Lomonosov Moscow State University
- Moscow
- Russia
| | - C. Duschl
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology
- 14476 Potsdam-Golm
- Germany
| | - R. von Klitzing
- Stranski-Laboratorium für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie
- Technische Universität Berlin
- D-10623 Berlin
- Germany
| | - D. Volodkin
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology
- 14476 Potsdam-Golm
- Germany
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17
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Pharmacological aspects of release from microcapsules - from polymeric multilayers to lipid membranes. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2014; 18:129-40. [PMID: 25450067 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2014.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Revised: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This review is devoted to pharmacological applications of principles of release from capsules to overcome the membrane barrier. Many of these principles were developed in the context of polymeric multilayer capsule membrane modulation, but they are also pertinent to liposomes, polymersomes, capsosomes, particles, emulsion-based carriers and other carriers. We look at these methods from the physical, chemical or biological driving mechanisms point of view. In addition to applicability for carriers in drug delivery, these release methods are significant for another area directly related to pharmacology - modulation of the permeability of the membranes and thus promoting the action of drugs. Emerging technologies, including ionic current monitoring through a lipid membrane on a nanopore, are also highlighted.
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18
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Howard MD, Hood ED, Zern B, Shuvaev VV, Grosser T, Muzykantov VR. Nanocarriers for vascular delivery of anti-inflammatory agents. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2014; 54:205-26. [PMID: 24392694 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-011613-140002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
There is a need for improved treatment of acute vascular inflammation in conditions such as ischemia-reperfusion injury, acute lung injury, sepsis, and stroke. The vascular endothelium represents an important therapeutic target in these conditions. Furthermore, some anti-inflammatory agents (AIAs) (e.g., biotherapeutics) require precise delivery into subcellular compartments. In theory, optimized delivery to the desired site of action may improve the effects and enable new mechanisms of action of these AIAs. Diverse nanocarriers (NCs) and strategies for targeting them to endothelial cells have been designed and explored for this purpose. Studies in animal models suggest that delivery of AIAs using NCs may provide potent and specific molecular interventions in inflammatory pathways. However, the industrial development and clinical translation of complex NC-AIA formulations are challenging. Rigorous analysis of therapeutic/side effect and benefit/cost ratios is necessary to identify and optimize the approaches that may find clinical utility in the management of acute inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa D Howard
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Targeted Therapeutics and Translational Nanomedicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104;
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19
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Prokopović VZ, Duschl C, Volodkin DV. Hyaluronic acid/poly-L-lysine multilayers coated with gold nanoparticles: cellular response and permeability study. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.3370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Claus Duschl
- Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering; 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany
| | - Dmitry V. Volodkin
- Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering; 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany
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20
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Parakhonskiy BV, Yashchenok AM, Donatan S, Volodkin DV, Tessarolo F, Antolini R, Möhwald H, Skirtach AG. Macromolecule loading into spherical, elliptical, star-like and cubic calcium carbonate carriers. Chemphyschem 2014; 15:2817-22. [PMID: 25044943 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201402136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Revised: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We fabricated calcium carbonate particles with spherical, elliptical, star-like and cubical morphologies by varying relative salt concentrations and adding ethylene glycol as a solvent to slow down the rate of particle formation. The loading capacity of particles of different isotropic (spherical and cubical) and anisotropic (elliptical and star-like) geometries is investigated, and the surface area of such carriers is analysed. Potential applications of such drug delivery carriers are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan V Parakhonskiy
- BIOtech research center, Department of Physics, University of Trento via delle Regole 101, 38123 Mattarello (Italy), Fax: (+39) 0461 283659; Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography Russian Academy of Science, Leninskii prospekt 59, Moscow 119333 (Russia).
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21
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Pinchasik BE, Möhwald H, Skirtach AG. Mimicking bubble use in nature: propulsion of Janus particles due to hydrophobic-hydrophilic interactions. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2014; 10:2670-7. [PMID: 24664591 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201303571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Revised: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Bubbles are widely used by animals in nature in order to fulfill important functions. They are used by animals in order to walk underwater or to stabilize themselves at the water/air interface. The main aim of this work is to imitate such phenomena, which is the essence of biomimetics. Here, bubbles are used to propel and to control the location of Janus particles in an aqueous medium. The synthesis of Janus SiO2-Ag and polystyrene-Ag (PS-Ag) particles through embedment in Parafilm is presented. The Janus particles, partially covered with catalytically active Ag nanoparticles, are redispersed in water and placed on a glass substrate. The active Ag sites are used for the splitting of H2O2 into water and oxygen. As a result, an oxygen bubble is formed on one side of the particle and promotes its propulsion. Once formed, the bubble-particle complex is stable and therefore, can be manipulated by tuning hydrophilic-hydrophobic interactions with the surface. In this way a transition between two- and three- dimensional motion is possible by changing the hydrophobicity of the substrate. Similar principles are used in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bat-El Pinchasik
- Max Planck Institute for Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Interfaces, D14476, Germany
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22
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23
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Parakhonskiy BV, Yashchenok AM, Konrad M, Skirtach AG. Colloidal micro- and nano-particles as templates for polyelectrolyte multilayer capsules. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2014; 207:253-64. [PMID: 24594104 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2014.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Revised: 01/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Colloidal particles play an important role in various areas of material and pharmaceutical sciences, biotechnology, and biomedicine. In this overview we describe micro- and nano-particles used for the preparation of polyelectrolyte multilayer capsules and as drug delivery vehicles. An essential feature of polyelectrolyte multilayer capsule preparations is the ability to adsorb polymeric layers onto colloidal particles or templates followed by dissolution of these templates. The choice of the template is determined by various physico-chemical conditions: solvent needed for dissolution, porosity, aggregation tendency, as well as release of materials from capsules. Historically, the first templates were based on melamine formaldehyde, later evolving towards more elaborate materials such as silica and calcium carbonate. Their advantages and disadvantages are discussed here in comparison to non-particulate templates such as red blood cells. Further steps in this area include development of anisotropic particles, which themselves can serve as delivery carriers. We provide insights into application of particles as drug delivery carriers in comparison to microcapsules templated on them.
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24
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Abstract
Porous CaCO₃ vaterite microparticles have been introduced a decade ago as sacrificial cores and becoming nowadays as one of the most popular templates to encapsulate bioactive molecules. This is due to the following beneficial features: i) mild decomposition conditions, ii) highly developed surface area, and iii) controlled size as well as easy and chip preparation. Such properties allow one to template and design particles with well tuned material properties in terms of composition, structure, functionality -- the parameters crucially important for bioapplications. This review presents a recent progress in utilizing the CaCO₃ cores for the assembly of micrometer-sized beads and capsules with encapsulated both small drugs and large biomacromolecules. Bioapplications of all the particles for drug delivery, biotechnology, and biosensing as well as future perspectives for templating are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Volodkin
- Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering (IBMT), Am Muehlenberg 13, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
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25
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26
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27
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Uto K, Yamamoto K, Iwahori K, Aoyagi T, Yamashita I. Solid-phase PEGylation of an immobilized protein cage on polyelectrolyte multilayer. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 113:338-45. [PMID: 24121077 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2013] [Revised: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
We used a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) to quantitatively characterize solid-phase poly(ethylene glycol) modification (PEGylation) of apoferritin that was electrostatically immobilized on the surface of a polyelectrolyte multilayer. The solid-phase PEGylation processes were monitored by analyzing QCM frequency shifts, which showed that the PEG chains were covalently introduced onto the surface of the immobilized apoferritin. We investigated the effect of PEG concentration, PEG molecular weight, and two-dimensional coverage of the immobilized apoferritin on the solid-phase PEGylation process in addition to the surface properties of the PEGylated apoferritin film, such as wettability and protein adsorption capacity. Since the reaction field is more spatially restricted in solid-phase PEGylation than in traditional aqueous-phase PEGylation, this study shows that a ferritin protein cage is potentially useful as a tailored building block, one that has well-defined structures different from the PEGylated ferritin prepared by an aqueous-phase approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichiro Uto
- Department of Nanostructure and Advanced Materials, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University, 1-21-40 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan; Biomaterials Unit, International Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Kazuya Yamamoto
- Department of Nanostructure and Advanced Materials, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University, 1-21-40 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Kenji Iwahori
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Takao Aoyagi
- Department of Nanostructure and Advanced Materials, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University, 1-21-40 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan; Biomaterials Unit, International Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan.
| | - Ichiro Yamashita
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Materials Science, 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, Nara 630-0101, Japan; CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan; Advanced Technology Research Laboratories, Matsushita Electric Industrial Co. Ltd., Seika, Kyoto 619-0237, Japan.
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28
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Xiong R, Soenen SJ, Braeckmans K, Skirtach AG. Towards theranostic multicompartment microcapsules: in-situ diagnostics and laser-induced treatment. Am J Cancer Res 2013; 3:141-51. [PMID: 23471141 PMCID: PMC3590584 DOI: 10.7150/thno.5846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Paving the way towards the application of polyelectrolyte multilayer capsules in theranostics, we describe diagnostic multi-functionality and drug delivery using multicompartment polymeric capsules which represent the next generation of drug delivery carriers. Their versatility is particularly important for potential applications in the area of theranostics wherein the carriers are endowed with the functionality for both diagnostics and therapy. Responsiveness towards external stimuli is attractive for providing controlled and on-demand release of encapsulated materials. An overview of external stimuli is presented with an emphasis on light as a physical stimulus which has been widely used for activation of microcapsules and release of their contents. In this article we also describe existing and new approaches to build multicompartment microcapsules as well as means available to achieve controlled and triggered release from their subcompartments, with a focus on applications in theranostics. Outlook for future directions in the area are highlighted.
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29
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Hu Y, Sun Y. A Generic Approach for the Synthesis of Dimer Nanoclusters and Asymmetric Nanoassemblies. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:2213-21. [DOI: 10.1021/ja309501s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongxing Hu
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne,
Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Yugang Sun
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne,
Illinois 60439, United States
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30
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Kolesnikova TA, Skirtach AG, Möhwald H. Red blood cells and polyelectrolyte multilayer capsules: natural carriers versus polymer-based drug delivery vehicles. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2012; 10:47-58. [PMID: 23078091 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2013.730516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Red blood cells (RBCs) and lipid-based carriers on the one hand and polymeric capsules on the other hand represent two of the most widely used carriers in drug delivery. Each class of these carriers has its own set of properties, specificity and advantages. Thorough comparative studies of such systems are reported here for the first time. AREAS COVERED In this review, RBCs are described in comparison with synthetic polymeric drug delivery vehicles using polyelectrolyte multilayer capsules as an example. Lipid-based composition of the shell in the former case is particularly attractive due to their inherent biocompatibility and flexibility of the carriers. On the other hand, synthetic approaches to fabrication of polyelectrolyte multilayer capsules permit manipulation of the permeability of their shell as well as tuning their composition, mechanical properties, release methods and targeting. EXPERT OPINION In conclusion, properties of RBCs and polyelectrolyte multilayer capsules are reported here highlighting similarities and differences in their preparation and applications. In addition, their advantages and disadvantages are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana A Kolesnikova
- Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Interfaces, Golm/Potsdam, D14476, Germany.
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31
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Marchenko I, Yashchenok A, Borodina T, Bukreeva T, Konrad M, Möhwald H, Skirtach A. Controlled enzyme-catalyzed degradation of polymeric capsules templated on CaCO₃: influence of the number of LbL layers, conditions of degradation, and disassembly of multicompartments. J Control Release 2012; 162:599-605. [PMID: 22902593 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2012] [Revised: 08/01/2012] [Accepted: 08/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Enzyme-catalyzed degradation of CaCO₃-templated capsules is presented. We investigate a) biodegradable, b) mixed biodegradable/synthetic, and c) multicompartment polyelectrolyte multilayer capsules with different numbers of polymer layers. Using confocal laser scanning microscopy we observed the kinetics of the non-specific protease Pronase-induced degradation of capsules is slowed down on the order of hours by either increasing the number of layers in the wall of biodegradable capsules, or by inserting synthetic polyelectrolyte multilayers into the shell comprised of biodegradable polymers. The degradation rate increases with the concentration of Pronase. Controlled detachment of subcompartments of multicompartment capsules, with potential for intracellular delivery or in-vivo applications, is also shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Marchenko
- Institute of Crystallography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119333, Russia
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32
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Schmidt S, Madaboosi N, Uhlig K, Köhler D, Skirtach A, Duschl C, Möhwald H, Volodkin DV. Control of cell adhesion by mechanical reinforcement of soft polyelectrolyte films with nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:7249-57. [PMID: 22509757 DOI: 10.1021/la300635z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Chemical cross-linking is the standard approach to tune the mechanical properties of polymer coatings for cell culture applications. Here we show that the elastic modulus of highly swollen polyelectrolyte films composed of poly(L-lysine) (PLL) and hyaluronic acid (HA) can be changed by more than 1 order of magnitude by addition of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in a one-step procedure. This hydrogel-nanoparticle architecture has great potential as a platform for advanced cell engineering application, for example remote release of drugs. As a first step toward utilization of such films for biomedical applications we identify the most favorable polymer/nanoparticle composition for optimized cell adhesion on the films. Using atomic force microscopy (AFM) we determine the following surface parameters that are relevant for cell adhesion, i.e., stiffness, roughness, and protein interactions. Optimized cell adhesion is observed for films with an elastic modulus of about 1 MPa and a surface roughness on the order of 30 nm. The analysis further shows that AuNPs are not incorporated in the HA/PLL bulk but form clusters on the film surface. Combined studies of the elastic modulus and surface topography indicate a cluster percolation threshold at a critical surface coverage above which the film stiffness drastically increases. In this context we also discuss changes in film thickness, material density and swelling ratio due to nanoparticle treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Schmidt
- Fraunhofer Institut für Biomedizinische Technik, Am Mühlenberg 13, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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33
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Volodkin D, Skirtach A, Möhwald H. Bioapplications of light-sensitive polymer films and capsules assembled using the layer-by-layer technique. POLYM INT 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.4182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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