1
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Du Y, Zhao Y, Wang L, He Z, Wu Y, Wang C, Zhao L, Jiang Z, Liu M, Zhou Z. Deterministic Magnetization Reversal in Synthetic Antiferromagnets using Natural Light. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2302884. [PMID: 37403297 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202302884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Traditional current-driven spintronics is limited by localized heating issues and large energy consumption, restricting their data storage density and operation speed. Meanwhile, voltage-driven spintronics with much lower energy dissipation also suffers from charge-induced interfacial corrosion. Thereby finding a novel way of tuning ferromagnetism is crucial for spintronics with energy-saving and good reliability. Here, a visible light tuning of interfacial exchange interaction via photoelectron doping into synthetic antiferromagnetic heterostructure of CoFeB/Cu/CoFeB/PN Si substrate is demonstrated. Then, a complete, reversible magnetism switching between antiferromagnetic (AFM) and ferromagnetic (FM) states with visible light on and off is realized. Moreover, a visible light control of 180° deterministic magnetization switching with a tiny magnetic bias field is achieved. The magnetic optical Kerr effect results further reveal the magnetic domain switching pathway between AFM and FM domains. The first-principle calculations conclude that the photoelectrons fill in the unoccupied band and raise the Fermi energy, which increases the exchange interaction. Lastly, a prototype device with visible light control of two states switching with a 0.35% giant magnetoresistance ratio change (maximal 0.4%), paving the way toward fast, compact, and energy-efficient solar-driven memories is fabricated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Du
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education & International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, The International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Yifan Zhao
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education & International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, The International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Center for Spintronics and Quantum Systems, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28 Xianning West Road Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Zhexi He
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education & International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, The International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Yangyang Wu
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Chenying Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of High-End Manufacturing Equipment, The International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Libo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of High-End Manufacturing Equipment, The International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Zhuangde Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of High-End Manufacturing Equipment, The International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education & International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, The International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Ziyao Zhou
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education & International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, The International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
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2
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Meng K, Guo L, Sun X. Strategies and applications of generating spin polarization in organic semiconductors. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2023; 8:1132-1154. [PMID: 37424331 DOI: 10.1039/d3nh00101f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
The advent of spintronics has undoubtedly revolutionized data storage, processing, and sensing applications. Organic semiconductors (OSCs), characterized by long spin relaxation times (>μs) and abundant spin-dependent properties, have emerged as promising materials for advanced spintronic applications. To successfully implement spin-related functions in organic spintronic devices, the four fundamental processes of spin generation, transport, manipulation, and detection form the main building blocks and are commonly in demand. Thereinto, the effective generation of spin polarization in OSCs is a precondition, but in practice, this has not been an easy task. In this context, considerable efforts have been made on this topic, covering novel materials systems, spin-dependent theories, and device fabrication technologies. In this review, we underline recent advances in external spin injection and organic property-induced spin polarization, according to the distinction between the sources of spin polarization. We focused mainly on summarizing and discussing both the physical mechanism and representative research on spin generation in OSCs, especially for various spin injection methods, organic magnetic materials, the chiral-induced spin selectivity effect, and the spinterface effect. Finally, the challenges and prospects that allow this topic to continue to be dynamic were outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Meng
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Lidan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
| | - Xiangnan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
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3
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Jiang M, Zhen C, Li S, Zhang X, Hu W. Organic Cocrystals: Recent Advances and Perspectives for Electronic and Magnetic Applications. Front Chem 2021; 9:764628. [PMID: 34957044 PMCID: PMC8695556 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.764628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cocrystal engineering is an advanced supramolecular strategy that has attracted a lot of research interest. Many studies on cocrystals in various application fields have been reported, with a particular focus on the optoelectronics field. However, few articles have combined and summarized the electronic and magnetic properties of cocrystals. In this review, we first introduce the growth methods that serve as the basis for realizing the different properties of cocrystals. Thereafter, we present an overview of cocrystal applications in electronic and magnetic fields. Some functional devices based on cocrystals are also introduced. We hope that this review will provide researchers with a more comprehensive understanding of the latest progress and prospects of cocrystals in electronic and magnetic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjia Jiang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chun Zhen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuyu Li
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaotao Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qinghai Minzu University, Qinghai, China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Fuzhou, China
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4
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongrui Wang
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue 639798 Singapore Singapore
| | - Qichun Zhang
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue 639798 Singapore Singapore
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5
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Tian Q, Xie S. Spin Injection and Transport in Organic Materials. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:mi10090596. [PMID: 31510018 PMCID: PMC6780273 DOI: 10.3390/mi10090596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This review introduces some important spin phenomena of organic molecules and solids and their devices: Organic spin injection and transport, organic spin valves, organic magnetic field effects, organic excited ferromagnetism, organic spin currents, etc. We summarize the experimental and theoretical progress of organic spintronics in recent years and give prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qipeng Tian
- School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Shijie Xie
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
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6
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Gong M, Zhang J, Ren S. Magnetic field-directed hybrid anisotropic nanocomposites. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:345602. [PMID: 29862984 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aac9eb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A facile bottom-up approach is developed to grow magnetic metallic Cu/FeCo (core/shell) nanowires, where their distribution and orientation can be controlled by magnetic field. The nanocomposites consisting of a ferroelectric polymer matrix and magnetic nanowire arrays exhibit the orientation-controlled anisotropy and interfacial magnetoelectric coupling effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maogang Gong
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, United States of America. Research and Education in Energy, Environment & Water (RENEW) Institute, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, United States of America
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7
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Xu B, Chakraborty H, Yadav VK, Zhang Z, Klein ML, Ren S. Tunable two-dimensional interfacial coupling in molecular heterostructures. Nat Commun 2017; 8:312. [PMID: 28827651 PMCID: PMC5567094 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00390-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional van der Waals heterostructures are of considerable interest for the next generation nanoelectronics because of their unique interlayer coupling and optoelectronic properties. Here, we report a modified Langmuir-Blodgett method to organize two-dimensional molecular charge transfer crystals into arbitrarily and vertically stacked heterostructures, consisting of bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene (BEDT-TTF)/C60 and poly(3-dodecylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3DDT)/C60 nanosheets. A strong and anisotropic interfacial coupling between the charge transfer pairs is demonstrated. The van der Waals heterostructures exhibit pressure dependent sensitivity with a high piezoresistance coefficient of -4.4 × 10-6 Pa-1, and conductance and capacitance tunable by external stimuli (ferroelectric field and magnetic field). Density functional theory calculations confirm charge transfer between the n-orbitals of the S atoms in BEDT-TTF of the BEDT-TTF/C60 layer and the π* orbitals of C atoms in C60 of the P3DDT/C60 layer contribute to the inter-complex CT. The two-dimensional molecular van der Waals heterostructures with tunable optical-electronic-magnetic coupling properties are promising for flexible electronic applications.Two-dimensional van der Waals heterostructures are of interest due to their unique interlayer coupling and optoelectronic properties. Here authors develop a Langmuir-Blodgett method to organize charge transfer molecular heterostructures with externally tunable conductance and capacitance and broadband photoresponse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Xu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA.,Temple Materials Institute, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
| | - Himanshu Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Computational Molecular Science, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA.,Center for the Computational Design of Functional Layered Materials, Temple University, Philadelphia,, PA, 19122, USA
| | - Vivek K Yadav
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Computational Molecular Science, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
| | - Zhuolei Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA.,Temple Materials Institute, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
| | - Michael L Klein
- Temple Materials Institute, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA.,Department of Chemistry and Institute for Computational Molecular Science, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
| | - Shenqiang Ren
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA. .,Temple Materials Institute, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA.
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8
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Yang L, Han S, Ma X, Qin W, Xie S. Ferromagnetic mechanism in organic photovoltaic cells with closed-shell structures. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8384. [PMID: 28827724 PMCID: PMC5566228 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09004-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We construct a model to reveal the spin polarization or ferromagnetism observed in organic composite nw-P3HT/C60 with closed-shell structures. Different from the organic ferromagnets with open-shell structures, the ferromagnetism of nw-P3HT/C60 comes from the charge transfers from the polymer to the small molecules. The transferred electrons become spin polarized and they are coupled together through the holes in the polymer. Finally, a ferromagnetic order appears in the pure organic composite. The magnetic moment of the system is mainly provided by the spin polarized small molecules. The magnetization is dependent upon the density of the transferred charges, which is consistent to our experimental observations. Our investigation also shows that some new spin phenomena may appear in excited states for organic semiconductors which is absent in the ground states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Yang
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shixuan Han
- College of Physics and Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, China
| | - Xiaolei Ma
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Qin
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Shijie Xie
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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9
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Leret S, Pouillon Y, Casado S, Navío C, Rubio Á, Pérez EM. Bimodal supramolecular functionalization of carbon nanotubes triggered by covalent bond formation. Chem Sci 2017; 8:1927-1935. [PMID: 28451307 PMCID: PMC5364655 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc03894h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Many applications of carbon nanotubes require their chemical functionalization. Both covalent and supramolecular approaches have been extensively investigated. A less trodden path is the combination of both covalent and noncovalent chemistries, where the formation of covalent bonds triggers a particularly stable noncovalent interaction with the nanotubes. We describe a series of naphthalene diimide (NDI) bisalkene molecules that, upon mixing with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) and Grubbs' catalyst, undergo two different reaction pathways. On one hand, they ring-close around the SWNTs to form rotaxane-like mechanically interlocked derivatives of SWNTs (MINTs). Alternatively, they oligomerize and then wrap around the SWNTs. The balance of MINTs to oligomer-wrapped SWNTs depends on the affinity of the NDI molecules for the SWNTs and the kinetics of the metathesis reactions, which can be controlled by varying the solvent. Thorough characterization of the products (TGA, TEM, AFM, Raman, UV-vis-NIR, PLE, XPS and UPS) confirms their structure and shows that each type of functionalization affects the electronic properties of the SWNTs differently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Leret
- IMDEA Nanociencia , Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco , C/Faraday 9 , 28049 , Madrid , Spain .
| | - Yann Pouillon
- Departamento de Física de Materiales , Facultad de Químicas , UPV/EHU , San Sebastián , Spain
| | - Santiago Casado
- IMDEA Nanociencia , Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco , C/Faraday 9 , 28049 , Madrid , Spain .
| | - Cristina Navío
- IMDEA Nanociencia , Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco , C/Faraday 9 , 28049 , Madrid , Spain .
| | - Ángel Rubio
- Departamento de Física de Materiales , Facultad de Químicas , UPV/EHU , San Sebastián , Spain
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter (MPSD) , Luruper Chaussee 149 , 22761 Hamburg , Germany
| | - Emilio M Pérez
- IMDEA Nanociencia , Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco , C/Faraday 9 , 28049 , Madrid , Spain .
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10
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Cai R, Antohe VA, Hu Z, Nysten B, Piraux L, Jonas AM. Multiferroic Nanopatterned Hybrid Material with Room-Temperature Magnetic Switching of the Electric Polarization. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1604604. [PMID: 27918116 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201604604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A nanopatterned hybrid layer is designed, wherein the electric polarization can be flipped at room temperature by a magnetic field aided by an electrical field. This is achieved by embedding ferromagnetic nanopillars in a continuous organic ferroelectric layer, and amplifying the magnetostriction-generated stress gradients by scaling down the supracrystalline cell of the material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronggang Cai
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 1/L7.04.02, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Vlad-Andrei Antohe
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 1/L7.04.02, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Zhijun Hu
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research, Soochow University, 215006, Suzhou, China
| | - Bernard Nysten
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 1/L7.04.02, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Luc Piraux
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 1/L7.04.02, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Alain M Jonas
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 1/L7.04.02, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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11
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Xu B, Ren S. Integrated Charge Transfer in Organic Ferroelectrics for Flexible Multisensing Materials. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:4502-4507. [PMID: 27378088 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201600980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The ultimate or end point of functional materials development is the realization of strong coupling between all energy regimes (optical, electronic, magnetic, and elastic), enabling the same material to be utilized for multifunctionalities. However, the integration of multifunctionalities in soft materials with the existence of various coupling is still in its early stage. Here, the coupling between ferroelectricity and charge transfer by combining bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene-C60 charge-transfer crystals with ferroelectric polyvinylidene fluoride polymer matrix is reported, which enables external stimuli-controlled polarization, optoelectronic and magnetic field sensing properties. Such flexible composite films also display a superior strain-dependent capacitance and resistance change with a giant piezoresistance coefficient of 7.89 × 10(-6) Pa(-1) . This mutual coupled material with the realization of enhanced couplings across these energy domains opens up the potential for multisensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Xu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Temple Materials Institute, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
| | - Shenqiang Ren
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Temple Materials Institute, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
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12
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Xu B, Luo Z, Wilson AJ, Chen K, Gao W, Yuan G, Chopra HD, Chen X, Willets KA, Dauter Z, Ren S. Multifunctional Charge-Transfer Single Crystals through Supramolecular Assembly. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:5322-9. [PMID: 27146726 PMCID: PMC7798091 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201600383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Centimeter-sized segregated stacking TTF-C60 single crystals are crystallized by a mass-transport approach combined with solvent-vapor evaporation for the first time. The intermolecular charge-transfer interaction in the long-range ordered superstructure enables the crystals to demonstrate external stimuli-controlled multifunctionalities and angle/electrical-potential-dependent luminescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Xu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Temple Materials Institute, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
| | - Zhipu Luo
- Synchrotron Radiation Research Section, Macromolecular Crystallography Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Andrew J Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
| | - Ke Chen
- Department of Physics, Temple Materials Institute, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
| | - Wenxiu Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China
| | - Guoliang Yuan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China
| | - Harsh Deep Chopra
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Temple Materials Institute, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
| | - Xing Chen
- Energy Systems Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | | | - Zbigniew Dauter
- Synchrotron Radiation Research Section, Macromolecular Crystallography Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Shenqiang Ren
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Temple Materials Institute, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
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13
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Spin polarization of excitons in organic multiferroic composites. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28656. [PMID: 27334680 PMCID: PMC4917861 DOI: 10.1038/srep28656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, the discovery of room temperature magnetoelectricity in organic charge transfer complexes has reignited interest in the multiferroic field. The solution processed, large-area and low cost organic semiconductor materials offer new possibilities for the functional all organic multiferroic devices. Here we report the spin polarization of excitons and charge transfer states in organic charge transfer composites by using extended Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model including Coulomb interaction and spin-flip effect. With the consideration of spin polarization, we suggest a possible mechanism for the origin of excited ferromagnetism.
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14
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Gong M, Dai Q, Ren S. Magnetic dipolar interaction induced cobalt nanowires. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 27:07LT02. [PMID: 26783195 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/7/07lt02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The dipolar interaction of magnetic nanoparticles is of intense interest to engineer material self-assembly for anisotropic functional nanostructures. Here we report the solution synthesis of cobalt nanowires, where the one-dimensional nanowire formation is ultimately dependent on the magnetic dipolar interaction to realize in situ assembly of cobalt nanoparticles. The morphology transition of cobalt nanostructures is well controlled via the ligand-free synthesis and thermal decomposition of zero-valent cobalt precursor. This study provides a self-assembly approach to the development of anisotropic cobalt nanostructures and a better understanding of nucleation parameters, which are demonstrated to correlate strongly with the size and morphology of final cobalt nanowires. This approach may be extended to other magnetic materials for the control of their nanostructure and magnetic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maogang Gong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Temple Materials Institute, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
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15
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Xu B, Li H, Hall A, Gao W, Gong M, Yuan G, Grossman J, Ren S. All-polymeric control of nanoferronics. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2015; 1:e1501264. [PMID: 26824068 PMCID: PMC4730852 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1501264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In the search for light and flexible nanoferronics, significant research effort is geared toward discovering the coexisting magnetic and electric orders in crystalline charge-transfer complexes. We report the first example of multiferroicity in centimeter-sized crystalline polymeric charge-transfer superstructures that grow at the liquid-air interface and are controlled by the regioregularity of the polymeric chain. The charge order-driven ferroic mechanism reveals spontaneous and hysteretic polarization and magnetization at the donor-acceptor interface. The charge transfer and ordering in the ferroic assemblies depend critically on the self-organizing and molecular packing of electron donors and acceptors. The invention described here not only represents a new coupling mechanism of magnetic and electric ordering but also creates a new class of emerging all-organic nanoferronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Xu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Temple Materials Institute, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Huashan Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Asha Hall
- U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Aberdeen, MD 21005, USA
| | - Wenxiu Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 210094 Nanjing, China
| | - Maogang Gong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Temple Materials Institute, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Guoliang Yuan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 210094 Nanjing, China
| | - Jeffrey Grossman
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Shenqiang Ren
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Temple Materials Institute, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
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Qin W, Chen X, Li H, Gong M, Yuan G, Grossman JC, Wuttig M, Ren S. Room Temperature Multiferroicity of Charge Transfer Crystals. ACS NANO 2015; 9:9373-9379. [PMID: 26257033 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b03558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Room temperature multiferroics has been a frontier research field by manipulating spin-driven ferroelectricity or charge-order-driven magnetism. Charge-transfer crystals based on electron donor and acceptor assembly, exhibiting simultaneous spin ordering, are drawing significant interests for the development of all-organic magnetoelectric multiferroics. Here, we report that a remarkable anisotropic magnetization and room temperature multiferroicity can be achieved through assembly of thiophene donor and fullerene acceptor. The crystal motif directs the dimensional and compositional control of charge-transfer networks that could switch magnetization under external stimuli, thereby opening up an attractive class of all-organic nanoferronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Qin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Xiaomin Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland , College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology , Nanjing, China
| | - Huashan Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Maogang Gong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Guoliang Yuan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology , Nanjing, China
| | - Jeffrey C Grossman
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Manfred Wuttig
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland , College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Shenqiang Ren
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
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Qin W, Xu B, Ren S. An organic approach for nanostructured multiferroics. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:9122-9132. [PMID: 25927549 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr01435b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Multiferroics are materials that simultaneously exhibit more than one ferroic order parameters, such as ferroelectricity, ferroelasticity and ferromagnetism. Recently, multiferroicity has received a significant revival of interest due to the colossal magnetoelectric coupling effect for the development of nano-ferronics. In this mini-review, we focus on a recent study of ferroelectricity, magnetism and magnetoelectric coupling within the newly discovered organic charge-transfer complexes. A systemic understanding of the origin of organic ferroelectricity and magnetism is provided. Furthermore, based on the recent mechanism of the magnetoelectric coupling effect: spin-ordering-induced electric polarization and ferroelectricity-induced spin alignment, we further present the recent progress in organic charge-transfer multiferroics and metal-organic framework multiferroics. The coexistence of polarization and magnetism at room temperature of organic charge-transfer complexes will be critical for the development of all-organic multiferroics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Qin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA.
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