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Sun M, Chen G, Ouyang S, Chen C, Zheng Z, Lin P, Song X, Chen H, Chen Y, You Y, Tao J, Lin B, Zhao P. Magnetic Resonance Diagnosis of Early Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Based on the Ionic Covalent Organic Framework with High Relaxivity and Long Retention Time. Anal Chem 2023; 95:8267-8276. [PMID: 37191204 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c00307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) have dismal prognoses due to the lack of therapeutic targets and susceptibility to lymph node (LN) metastasis. Therefore, it is essential to develop more effective approaches to identify early TNBC tissues and LNs. In this work, a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent (Mn-iCOF) was constructed based on the Mn(II)-chelated ionic covalent organic framework (iCOF). Because of the porous structure and hydrophilicity, the Mn-iCOF has a high longitudinal relaxivity (r1) of 8.02 mM-1 s-1 at 3.0 T. For the tumor-bearing mice, a lower dose (0.02 mmol [Mn]/kg) of Mn-iCOF demonstrated a higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) value (1.8) and longer retention time (2 h) compared to a 10-fold dose of commercial Gd-DOTA (0.2 mmol [Gd]/kg). Moreover, the Mn-iCOF can provide continuous and significant MR contrast for the popliteal LNs within 24 h, allowing for accurate evaluation and dissection of LNs. These excellent MRI properties of the Mn-iCOF may open new avenues for designing more biocompatible MRI contrast agents with higher resolutions, particularly in the diagnosis of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyan Sun
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China
| | - Guanjun Chen
- Department of Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China
| | - Sixue Ouyang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, 510640 Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuyao Chen
- Department of Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zheng
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China
| | - Peiru Lin
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangfei Song
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China
| | - Huiting Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, 510640 Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuying Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, 510640 Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan You
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia Tao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, 510640 Guangzhou, China
| | - Bingquan Lin
- Department of Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China
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2
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Chen ZQ, Sun YW, Zhang XJ, Zhu YL, Li ZW, Sun ZY. External field induced defect transformation in circular confined Gay-Berne liquid crystals. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:104902. [PMID: 36922133 DOI: 10.1063/5.0135483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Normally, defects in two-dimensional, circular, confined liquid crystals can be classified into four types based on the position of singularities formed by liquid crystal molecules, i.e., the singularities located inside the circle, at the boundary, outside the circle, and outside the circle at infinity. However, it is considered difficult for small aspect ratio liquid crystals to generate all these four types of defects. In this study, we use molecular dynamics simulation to investigate the defect formed in Gay-Berne, ellipsoidal liquid crystals, with small aspect ratios confined in a circular cavity. As expected, we only find two types of defects (inside the circle and at the boundary) in circular, confined, Gay-Berne ellipsoids under static conditions at various densities, aspect ratios, and interactions between the wall and liquid crystals. However, when introducing an external field to the system, four types of defects can be observed. With increasing the strength of the external field, the singularities in the circular, confined system change from the inside to the boundary and the outside, and the farthest position that the singularities can reach depends on the strength of the external field. We further introduce an alternating, triangular wave, external field to the system to check if we can observe the transformation of different defects within an oscillating period. We find that the position of the singularities greatly depends on the oscillating intensity and oscillating period. By changing the oscillating intensity and oscillating period of the external field, the defect types can be adjusted, and the transformation between different defects can be easily observed. This provides a feasible way to modulate liquid crystal defects and investigate the transformation between different defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Qin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China and University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yu-Wei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China and University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xiao-Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China and University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - You-Liang Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Zhan-Wei Li
- College of Chemistry and Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao-Yan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China and University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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3
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Lu Y, Liang Z, Feng J, Huang L, Guo S, Yi P, Xiong W, Chen S, Yang S, Xu Y, Li Y, Chen X, Shen Z. Facile Synthesis of Weakly Ferromagnetic Organogadolinium Macrochelates-Based T 1 -Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agents. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 10:e2205109. [PMID: 36377432 PMCID: PMC9811448 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202205109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
To surmount the major concerns of commercial small molecule Gd chelates and reported Gd-based contrast agents (GBCAs) for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a new concept of organogadolinium macrochelates (OGMCs) constructed from the coordination between Gd3+ and macromolecules is proposed. A library of macromolecules were screened for Gd3+ coordination, and two candidates [i.e., poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), and poly(aspartic acid) (PASP)] succeeded in OGMC formation. Under optimized synthesis conditions, both Gd-PAA12 and Gd-PASP11 OGMCs are outstanding T1 -weighted CAs owing to their super high r1 values (> 50 mm-1 s-1 , 3.0 T) and ultralow r2 /r1 ratios (< 1.6, 3.0 T). The ferromagnetism of OGMCs is completely different from the paramagnetism of commercial and reported GBCAs. The ferromagnetism is very weak (Ms < 1.0 emu g-1 ) leading to a low r2 , which is preferred for T1 MRI. Gd3+ is not released from the OGMC Gd-PAA12 and Gd-PASP11, ensuring biosafety for in vivo applications. The safety and T1 -weighted MRI efficiencies of the OGMC Gd-PAA12 and Gd-PASP11 are tested in cells and mice. The synthesis method of the OGMCs is facile and easy to be scaled up. Consequently, the OGMC Gd-PAA12 and Gd-PASP11 are superior T1 -weighted CAs with promising translatability to replace the commercial Gd chelates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudie Lu
- School of Biomedical EngineeringSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510515China
| | - Zhiyu Liang
- Medical Imaging CenterNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510515China
| | - Jie Feng
- Medical Imaging CenterNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510515China
| | - Lin Huang
- School of Biomedical EngineeringSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510515China
| | - Shuai Guo
- School of Biomedical EngineeringSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510515China
| | - Peiwei Yi
- School of Biomedical EngineeringSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510515China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Medical Imaging CenterNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510515China
| | - Sijin Chen
- Medical Imaging CenterNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510515China
| | - Sugeun Yang
- Department of Biomedical ScienceBK21 FOUR Program in Biomedical Science and EngineeringInha University College of MedicineIncheon22212South Korea
| | - Yikai Xu
- Medical Imaging CenterNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510515China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Biomedical EngineeringSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510515China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical EngineeringClinical Imaging Research CentreNanomedicine Translational Research ProgramYong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Faculty of EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingapore119228Singapore
| | - Zheyu Shen
- School of Biomedical EngineeringSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510515China
- Medical Imaging CenterNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510515China
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4
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Albertini S, Gruber E, Zappa F, Krasnokutski S, Laimer F, Scheier P. Chemistry and physics of dopants embedded in helium droplets. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2022; 41:529-567. [PMID: 33993543 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Helium droplets represent a cold inert matrix, free of walls with outstanding properties to grow complexes and clusters at conditions that are perfect to simulate cold and dense regions of the interstellar medium. At sub-Kelvin temperatures, barrierless reactions triggered by radicals or ions have been observed and studied by optical spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The present review summarizes developments of experimental techniques and methods and recent results they enabled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Albertini
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Gruber
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Fabio Zappa
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Serge Krasnokutski
- Laboratory Astrophysics Group of the MPI for Astronomy, University of Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Felix Laimer
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Paul Scheier
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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5
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Martini P, Albertini S, Laimer F, Meyer M, Gatchell M, Echt O, Zappa F, Scheier P. Splashing of Large Helium Nanodroplets upon Surface Collisions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:263401. [PMID: 35029473 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.263401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In the present work we observe that helium nanodroplets colliding with surfaces can exhibit splashing in a way that is analogous to classical liquids. We use transmission electron microscopy and mass spectrometry to demonstrate that neutral and ionic dopants embedded in the droplets are efficiently backscattered in such events. High abundances of weakly bound He-tagged ions of both polarities indicate a gentle extraction mechanism of these ions from the droplets upon collision with a solid surface. This backscattering process is observed for dopant particles with masses up to 400 kilodaltons, indicating an unexpected mechanism that effectively lowers deposition rates of nanoparticles formed in helium droplets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Martini
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Simon Albertini
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Management Center Innsbruck, Department Biotechnology & Food Engineering, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Felix Laimer
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Miriam Meyer
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michael Gatchell
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Olof Echt
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Physics, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
| | - Fabio Zappa
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, MG 36036-900 Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Paul Scheier
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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6
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López-Martín R, Burgos BS, Normile PS, De Toro JA, Binns C. Gas Phase Synthesis of Multi-Element Nanoparticles. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:2803. [PMID: 34835568 PMCID: PMC8618514 DOI: 10.3390/nano11112803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The advantages of gas-phase synthesis of nanoparticles in terms of size control and flexibility in choice of materials is well known. There is increasing interest in synthesizing multi-element nanoparticles in order to optimize their performance in specific applications, and here, the flexibility of material choice is a key advantage. Mixtures of almost any solid materials can be manufactured and in the case of core-shell particles, there is independent control over core size and shell thickness. This review presents different methods of producing multi-element nanoparticles, including the use of multiple targets, alloy targets and in-line deposition methods to coat pre-formed cores. It also discusses the factors that produce alloy, core-shell or Janus morphologies and what is possible or not to synthesize. Some applications of multi-element nanoparticles in medicine will be described.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Chris Binns
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Instituto Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada (IRICA), Universidad de Castilla la Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (R.L.-M.); (B.S.B.); (P.S.N.); (J.A.D.T.)
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7
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Morley NA, Lim B, Xi J, Quintana-Nedelcos A, Leong Z. Magnetic properties of the complex concentrated alloy system CoFeNi 0.5Cr 0.5Al x. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14506. [PMID: 32879420 PMCID: PMC7468281 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71463-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We study the change in magnetisation with paramagnetic Al addition in the CoFeNi0.5Cr0.5-Alx (x: 0, 0.5, 1, and 1.5) complex concentrated alloy. The compositions were developed utilising the Mulliken electronegativity and d-electron/atom ratio. Spherical FeCr rich nanoprecipitates are observed for X: 1.0 and 1.5 in an AlCoNi-rich matrix. A ~ 5 × increase in magnetisation (from 22 to 96 Am2/kg) coincides with this nanoprecipitate formation-the main magnetic contribution is determined to be from FeCr nanoprecipitates. The magnetisation increase is strange as paramagnetic Al addition dilutes the ferromagnetic Fe/Co/Ni additions. In this paper we discuss the magnetic and structural characterisation of the CoFeNi0.5Cr0.5-Alx composition and attempt to relate it to the interfacial energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Morley
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mapping St., Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - B Lim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mapping St., Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - J Xi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mapping St., Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - A Quintana-Nedelcos
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mapping St., Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - Z Leong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mapping St., Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK.
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Du M, Yang L, Liao C, Diangha TP, Ma Y, Zhang L, Lan Y, Chang G. Recyclable and Dual Cross-Linked High-Performance Polymer with an Amplified Strength-Toughness Combination. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 41:e1900606. [PMID: 32003531 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201900606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular chemistry has provided versatile and affordable solutions for the design of tough, flexible polymers. However, application of supramolecular chemistry has been limited to the production of rigid, high-performance polymers due to weak segment mobility. This paper describes a new method of toughening rigid high-performance polymers using the synergistic effect between dual Cu2+ -coordination bonds as a crosslink. These dual Cu2+ -coordination cross-linked high-performance polymers are a class of rigid polymers with an outstanding combination of strength and toughness. The distinct lifetimes and binding strengths of the dual Cu2+ -coordination bonds in a rigid polymer network elicit different dynamic behaviors to improve its energy dissipation and mechanical properties. Moreover, the reformation and removal of Cu2+ -coordination bonds by pyrophosphoric acid endows these cross-linked high-performance polymers with recyclability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Du
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials and School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, P. R. China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
| | - Cong Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials and School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, P. R. China
| | - Tasah Philas Diangha
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials and School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, P. R. China
| | - Yuanchi Ma
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
| | - Lin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials and School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, P. R. China.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA.,Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Southwest University of Science and Technology and Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, 621900, P. R. China
| | - Yang Lan
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Guanjun Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials and School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, P. R. China.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
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