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Liu X, Yang Z, Lu Y, Tao Z, Chen J. Recent Advances in Aqueous Non-Metallic Ion Batteries with Organic Electrodes. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2300688. [PMID: 37712198 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous non-metallic ion batteries have attracted much attention in recent years owing to their fast kinetics, long cycle life, and low manufacture cost. Organic compounds with flexible structural designability are promising electrode materials for aqueous non-metallic ion batteries. In this review, the recent progress of organic electrode materials is systematically summarized for aqueous non-metallic ion batteries with the focus on the interaction between non-metallic ion charge carriers and organic electrode host materials. Both the cations (proton, ammonium ion, and methyl viologen ions) and anions (chloridion, sulfate ion, perchlorate ion, trifluoromethanesulfonate and trifluoromethanesulfonimide ion) storage are discussed. Moreover, the design strategies toward improving the comprehensive performance of organic electrode materials in aqueous non-metallic ion batteries will be summarized. More organic electrode materials with new reaction mechanisms need to be explored to meet the diverse demands of aqueous non-metallic ion batteries with different charge carriers in the future. This review provides insights into developing high-performance organic electrodes for aqueous non-metallic ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zhuo Yang
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yong Lu
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zhanliang Tao
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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2
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Guo H, Wang C. Practical organic batteries: Concepts to realize high mass loading with high performance. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024; 17:e202301586. [PMID: 38168109 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Organic electrode materials (OEMs) have been well developed in recent years. However, the practical applications of OEMs have not been paid sufficient attention. The concept here focused on one of the essential aspects for practical applications, i. e., high mass loading of active materials. This paper summarizes the challenges posed by high-mass loading of active materials in organic batteries and discusses the possible solutions in terms of organic electrode materials, conductive additives, electrode structures, and electrolytes or battery systems. We hope this concept can stimulate more attention to practical applications of organic batteries towards industry from lab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Guo
- School of Integrated Circuits, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Chengliang Wang
- School of Integrated Circuits, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Application, Wenzhou Advanced Manufacturing Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wenzhou, 325035, China
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3
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Nishide H. Concluding remarks: challenges and prospects in organic photonics and electronics. Faraday Discuss 2024; 250:417-426. [PMID: 38361433 DOI: 10.1039/d3fd00157a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The Faraday Discussion meeting on 'challenges and prospects in organic and photonics and electronics' was held in Osaka, Japan, after the COVID pandemic and during the subsequent global difficulties, in the traditional face-to-face and condensed style, with many discussions, both after the short presentations and in front of the poster presentations. I would like to take this opportunity to thank the organising members, particularly Youhei Takeda and local professors, for their efforts in organising this meeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Nishide
- Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan.
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4
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Shu C, Yang Z, Rajca A. From Stable Radicals to Thermally Robust High-Spin Diradicals and Triradicals. Chem Rev 2023; 123:11954-12003. [PMID: 37831948 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Stable radicals and thermally robust high-spin di- and triradicals have emerged as important organic materials due to their promising applications in diverse fields. New fundamental properties, such as SOMO/HOMO inversion of orbital energies, are explored for the design of new stable radicals, including highly luminescent ones with good photostability. A relation with the singlet-triplet energy gap in the corresponding diradicals is proposed. Thermally robust high-spin di- and triradicals, with energy gaps that are comparable to or greater than a thermal energy at room temperature, are more challenging to synthesize but more rewarding. We summarize a number of high-spin di- and triradicals, based on nitronyl nitroxides that provide a relation between the experimental pairwise exchange coupling constant J/k in the high-spin species vs experimental hyperfine coupling constants in the corresponding monoradicals. This relation allows us to identify outliers, which may correspond to radicals where J/k is not measured with sufficient accuracy. Double helical high-spin diradicals, in which spin density is delocalized over the chiral π-system, have been barely explored, with the sole example of such high-spin diradical possessing alternant π-system with Kekulé resonance form. Finally, we discuss a high-spin diradical with electrical conductivity and derivatives of triangulene diradicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Shu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0304, United States
| | - Zhimin Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0304, United States
| | - Andrzej Rajca
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0304, United States
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5
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Hatakeyama-Sato K, Oyaizu K. Redox: Organic Robust Radicals and Their Polymers for Energy Conversion/Storage Devices. Chem Rev 2023; 123:11336-11391. [PMID: 37695670 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Persistent radicals can hold their unpaired electrons even under conditions where they accumulate, leading to the unique characteristics of radical ensembles with open-shell structures and their molecular properties, such as magneticity, radical trapping, catalysis, charge storage, and electrical conductivity. The molecules also display fast, reversible redox reactions, which have attracted particular attention for energy conversion and storage devices. This paper reviews the electrochemical aspects of persistent radicals and the corresponding macromolecules, radical polymers. Radical structures and their redox reactions are introduced, focusing on redox potentials, bistability, and kinetic constants for electrode reactions and electron self-exchange reactions. Unique charge transport and storage properties are also observed with the accumulated form of redox sites in radical polymers. The radical molecules have potential electrochemical applications, including in rechargeable batteries, redox flow cells, photovoltaics, diodes, and transistors, and in catalysts, which are reviewed in the last part of this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Hatakeyama-Sato
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Kenichi Oyaizu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
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6
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Ma T, Li CH, Thakur RM, Tabor DP, Lutkenhaus JL. The role of the electrolyte in non-conjugated radical polymers for metal-free aqueous energy storage electrodes. NATURE MATERIALS 2023; 22:495-502. [PMID: 36973544 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-023-01518-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Metal-free aqueous batteries can potentially address the projected shortages of strategic metals and safety issues found in lithium-ion batteries. More specifically, redox-active non-conjugated radical polymers are promising candidates for metal-free aqueous batteries because of the polymers' high discharge voltage and fast redox kinetics. However, little is known regarding the energy storage mechanism of these polymers in an aqueous environment. The reaction itself is complex and difficult to resolve because of the simultaneous transfer of electrons, ions and water molecules. Here we demonstrate the nature of the redox reaction for poly(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyloxy-4-yl acrylamide) by examining aqueous electrolytes of varying chao-/kosmotropic character using electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring at a range of timescales. Surprisingly, the capacity can vary by as much as 1,000% depending on the electrolyte, in which certain ions enable better kinetics, higher capacity and higher cycling stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Ma
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Cheng-Han Li
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Ratul Mitra Thakur
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Daniel P Tabor
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Jodie L Lutkenhaus
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
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7
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Lu Q, Ding M, Zhou A, Guo P, Wang Q, Li D, Liang J, Liang J, Li J, Woo H, Xia Y. Novel Alcohol-Soluble Nitroxide Radical Conjugated Polymer for Cathode Modifier of Efficient Organic Solar Cells with Enhanced Stability. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:9773-9783. [PMID: 36757378 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c22042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol-soluble conjugated polymers with polar side-chain components have been regarded as one of the most promising cathode interfacial modifers (CIMs) to achieve high-performance organic solar cells (OSCs). Herein, a novel alcohol-soluble nitrogen oxide radical conjugated polymer (PBN-NO) containing dimethylamine groups for regulating metal work function and the dangling of 2,2,6, 6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxy (TEMPO) radical side-chain groups for theoretically improving the conductivity, was prepared and characterized. As compared to the OSCs from PM6:Y6 blends with the most common CIMs of PFN, PDINO, and PDINN, the OSCs with PBN-NO as CIMs provide better or comparable power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) (16.19% vs 13.10%, 15.60%, and 16.15%), enhanced photostability, and thermal stability. Besides that, the reasons for the improving PCEs of the OSCs with PBN-NO modifier are systematically investigated and supported by a set of comparative experiments such as exciton dissociation, charge recombination, capacitance-voltage (C-V), etc. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of an alcohol-soluble nitroxide radical conjugated polymer that successfully integrates the interfacial modification of polar groups and improves conductivity by dangling radicals, therefore contributing to efficient OSCs with enhanced stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Lu
- Organic Semiconductor Materials and Applied Technology Research Centre of Gansu Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
| | - Mingqiang Ding
- Organic Semiconductor Materials and Applied Technology Research Centre of Gansu Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
| | - Anqi Zhou
- Organic Semiconductor Materials and Applied Technology Research Centre of Gansu Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
| | - Pengzhi Guo
- Organic Semiconductor Materials and Applied Technology Research Centre of Gansu Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
- National Green Coating Equipment and Technology Research Center, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
| | - Qian Wang
- Organic Semiconductor Materials and Applied Technology Research Centre of Gansu Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
| | - Daoxian Li
- Organic Semiconductor Materials and Applied Technology Research Centre of Gansu Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
| | - Jianjian Liang
- Organic Semiconductor Materials and Applied Technology Research Centre of Gansu Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
| | - Junhong Liang
- National Green Coating Equipment and Technology Research Center, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- Organic Semiconductor Materials and Applied Technology Research Centre of Gansu Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
| | - Hanyoung Woo
- Department of Chemistry, KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yangjun Xia
- Organic Semiconductor Materials and Applied Technology Research Centre of Gansu Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
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8
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Zens C, Friebe C, Schubert US, Richter M, Kupfer S. Tailored Charge Transfer Kinetics in Precursors for Organic Radical Batteries: A Joint Synthetic-Theoretical Approach. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202201679. [PMID: 36315938 PMCID: PMC10099747 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202201679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The development of sustainable energy storage devices is crucial for the transformation of our energy management. In this scope, organic batteries attracted considerable attention. To overcome the shortcomings of typically applied materials from the classes of redox-active conjugated polymers (i. e., unstable cell voltages) and soft matter-embedded stable organic radicals (i. e., low conductivity), a novel design concept was introduced, integrating such stable radicals within a conductive polymer backbone. In the present theory-driven design approach, redox-active (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl)oxyls (TEMPOs) were incorporated in thiophene-based polymer model systems, while structure-property relationships governing the thermodynamic properties as well as the charge transfer kinetics underlying the charging and discharging processes were investigated in a systematical approach. Thereby, the impact of the substitution pattern, the length as well as the nature of the chemical linker, and the ratio of TEMPO and thiophene units was studied using state-of-the-art quantum chemical and quantum dynamical simulations for a set of six molecular model systems. Finally, two promising candidates were synthesized and electrochemically characterized, paving the way to applications in the frame of novel organic radical batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Zens
- Institute of Physical ChemistryFriedrich Schiller University JenaHelmholtzweg 407743JenaGermany
| | - Christian Friebe
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller University JenaHumboldtstraße 1007743JenaGermany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena)Friedrich Schiller University JenaPhilosophenweg 7a07743JenaGermany
| | - Ulrich S. Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller University JenaHumboldtstraße 1007743JenaGermany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena)Friedrich Schiller University JenaPhilosophenweg 7a07743JenaGermany
| | - Martin Richter
- Institute of Physical ChemistryFriedrich Schiller University JenaHelmholtzweg 407743JenaGermany
- DS Deutschland GmbHAm Kabellager 11–1351063CologneGermany
| | - Stephan Kupfer
- Institute of Physical ChemistryFriedrich Schiller University JenaHelmholtzweg 407743JenaGermany
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9
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Xu J, Liu Y, Xu C, Li J, Yang Z, Yan H, Yu H, Yan L, Zhang L, Shu J. Aqueous non-metallic ion batteries: Materials, mechanisms and design strategies. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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10
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Molecular and Morphological Engineering of Organic Electrode Materials for Electrochemical Energy Storage. ELECTROCHEM ENERGY R 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s41918-022-00152-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AbstractOrganic electrode materials (OEMs) can deliver remarkable battery performance for metal-ion batteries (MIBs) due to their unique molecular versatility, high flexibility, versatile structures, sustainable organic resources, and low environmental costs. Therefore, OEMs are promising, green alternatives to the traditional inorganic electrode materials used in state-of-the-art lithium-ion batteries. Before OEMs can be widely applied, some inherent issues, such as their low intrinsic electronic conductivity, significant solubility in electrolytes, and large volume change, must be addressed. In this review, the potential roles, energy storage mechanisms, existing challenges, and possible solutions to address these challenges by using molecular and morphological engineering are thoroughly summarized and discussed. Molecular engineering, such as grafting electron-withdrawing or electron-donating functional groups, increasing various redox-active sites, extending conductive networks, and increasing the degree of polymerization, can enhance the electrochemical performance, including its specific capacity (such as the voltage output and the charge transfer number), rate capability, and cycling stability. Morphological engineering facilitates the preparation of different dimensional OEMs (including 0D, 1D, 2D, and 3D OEMs) via bottom-up and top-down methods to enhance their electron/ion diffusion kinetics and stabilize their electrode structure. In summary, molecular and morphological engineering can offer practical paths for developing advanced OEMs that can be applied in next-generation rechargeable MIBs.
Graphical abstract
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11
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Elbinger L, Schröter E, Friebe C, Hager MD, Schubert US. Hydrophilic Crosslinked TEMPO-Methacrylate Copolymers - a Straight Forward Approach towards Aqueous Semi-Organic Batteries. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202200830. [PMID: 35723221 PMCID: PMC9796053 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202200830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Crosslinked hydrophilic poly(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl-N-oxyl-co-[2-(methacryloyloxy)-ethyl]trimethyl ammonium chloride) [poly(TEMPO-co-METAC)] polymers with different monomer ratios are synthesized and characterized regarding a utilization as electrode material in organic batteries. These polymers can be synthesized rapidly utilizing commercial starting materials and reveal an increased hydrophilicity compared to the state-of-the-art poly(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl-N-oxyl-4-methacrylate) (PTMA). By increasing the hydrophilicity of the polymer, a preparation of cathode composites is enabled, which can be used for aqueous semi-organic batteries. Detailed battery testing confirms that the additional METAC groups do not impair the battery behavior while enabling straight-forward zinc-TEMPO batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lada Elbinger
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller UniversityHumboldtstraße 1007743JenaGermany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry (CEEC)Friedrich Schiller UniversityPhilosophenweg 7a07743JenaGermany
| | - Erik Schröter
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller UniversityHumboldtstraße 1007743JenaGermany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry (CEEC)Friedrich Schiller UniversityPhilosophenweg 7a07743JenaGermany
| | - Christian Friebe
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller UniversityHumboldtstraße 1007743JenaGermany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry (CEEC)Friedrich Schiller UniversityPhilosophenweg 7a07743JenaGermany
| | - Martin D. Hager
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller UniversityHumboldtstraße 1007743JenaGermany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry (CEEC)Friedrich Schiller UniversityPhilosophenweg 7a07743JenaGermany
| | - Ulrich S. Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller UniversityHumboldtstraße 1007743JenaGermany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry (CEEC)Friedrich Schiller UniversityPhilosophenweg 7a07743JenaGermany
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12
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Zhang C, Chen S, Zhou G, Hou Q, Wang Y, Shi G. A Polythiophene Material Featuring a Conjugated Carbonyl Side Group as an Anode for Lithium‐Ion Batteries. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202201699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengjun Zhang
- School of Chemistry South China Normal University Guangzhou 510631 China
| | - Sha Chen
- School of Chemistry South China Normal University Guangzhou 510631 China
| | - Guangying Zhou
- School of Environment South China Normal University Guangzhou 510631 China
| | - Qiong Hou
- School of Chemistry South China Normal University Guangzhou 510631 China
| | - Yuhai Wang
- School of Chemistry South China Normal University Guangzhou 510631 China
| | - Guang Shi
- School of Chemistry South China Normal University Guangzhou 510631 China
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13
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Deng Y, Teng C, Wu Y, Zhang K, Yan L. Polypeptide Radical Cathode for Aqueous Zn-Ion Battery with Two-Electron Storage and Faster Charging Rate. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202102710. [PMID: 35191200 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202102710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The rapidly growing demand for batteries has led to a lack of global mineral resources and rechargeable organic batteries are paid extensive attention, owing to the abundance resources, light weight, and high flexibility of organic electrodes. However, most organic electrodes that use aliphatic backbones are nondegradable, leading to unsustainability when active sites fail. In this study, a poly(aspartic acid) polypeptide (PASP) with amide links in the backbone and nitroxide radical pendant groups in the side chains is synthesized by modifying the polypeptides with 4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine. In combination with a Zn anode, the PASP-TEMPO composite electrode exhibits rapid charge-discharge and superior cycling stability with reversible two-electron redox reaction in aqueous electrolyte. The Zn/PASP-TEMPO organic radical battery delivers a discharge capacity of around 80 mAh g-1 by two-electron reaction and charge-discharge rates of up to 18 A g-1 . Because the redox reaction process of the nitroxyl radical turning into oxoammonium follows a p-type mechanism that interacts with an anion, three electrolytes with different anions are tested in the Zn/PASP-TEMPO organic radical battery. Experimental results indicate that discharge plateau voltage is tunable by choosing different zinc salts as electrolytes. Capacity retention of up to 97.4 % after 500 cycles is realized in 1 m ZnClO4 electrolyte, which can be attributed to the adjacent reaction potentials of the two-step one-electron reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqi Deng
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Changchang Teng
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yihan Wu
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Kefu Zhang
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Lifeng Yan
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
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14
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Hatakeyama-Sato K, Matsumoto S, Takami H, Nagatsuka T, Oyaizu K. A PROXYL-Type Norbornene Polymer for High-Voltage Cathodes in Lithium Batteries. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2100374. [PMID: 34347338 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A newly designed radical polymer with a polynorbornene backbone and unsaturated derivative of tetramethylpyrrolidine 1-oxyl (PROXYL) as pendant groups displays reversible redox at 3.75 V (vs Li/Li+ ). The robust polymer design enables the high voltage while maintaining a promising cyclability (over 1000 cycles). The polymer is also beneficial as an additive to the regular lithium iron phosphate electrodes, where the quickly responding organic material facilitates the charging reactions catalytically.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Satoshi Matsumoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Takami
- Innovation Technology Center, ENEOS Corporation, Kanagawa, 231-0815, Japan
| | - Tomomi Nagatsuka
- Innovation Technology Center, ENEOS Corporation, Kanagawa, 231-0815, Japan
| | - Kenichi Oyaizu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
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15
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Abstract
In only a few decades, lithium-ion batteries have revolutionized technologies, enabling the proliferation of portable devices and electric vehicles1, with substantial benefits for society. However, the rapid growth in technology has highlighted the ethical and environmental challenges of mining lithium, cobalt and other mineral ore resources, and the issues associated with the safe usage and non-hazardous disposal of batteries2. Only a small fraction of lithium-ion batteries are recycled, further exacerbating global material supply of strategic elements3-5. A potential alternative is to use organic-based redox-active materials6-8 to develop rechargeable batteries that originate from ethically sourced, sustainable materials and enable on-demand deconstruction and reconstruction. Making such batteries is challenging because the active materials must be stable during operation but degradable at end of life. Further, the degradation products should be either environmentally benign or recyclable for reconstruction into a new battery. Here we demonstrate a metal-free, polypeptide-based battery, in which viologens and nitroxide radicals are incorporated as redox-active groups along polypeptide backbones to function as anode and cathode materials, respectively. These redox-active polypeptides perform as active materials that are stable during battery operation and subsequently degrade on demand in acidic conditions to generate amino acids, other building blocks and degradation products. Such a polypeptide-based battery is a first step to addressing the need for alternative chemistries for green and sustainable batteries in a future circular economy.
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16
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NAKAGAWA Y, TSUJIMURA S. Fabrication of an Organic Redox Capacitor with a Neutral Aqueous Electrolyte Solution. ELECTROCHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.5796/electrochemistry.21-00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yuto NAKAGAWA
- Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba
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17
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Xie Y, Zhang K, Yamauchi Y, Oyaizu K, Jia Z. Nitroxide radical polymers for emerging plastic energy storage and organic electronics: fundamentals, materials, and applications. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2021; 8:803-829. [PMID: 34821316 DOI: 10.1039/d0mh01391a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Increasing demand for portable and flexible electronic devices requires seamless integration of the energy storage system with other electronic components. This ever-growing area has urged on the rapid development of new electroactive materials that not only possess excellent electrochemical properties but hold capabilities to be fabricated to desired shapes. Ideally, these new materials should have minimal impact on the environment at the end of their life. Nitroxide radical polymers (NRPs) with their remarkable electrochemical and physical properties stand out from diverse organic redox systems and have attracted tremendous attention for their identified applications in plastic energy storage and organic devices. In this review, we present a comprehensive summary of NRPs with respect to the fundamental electrochemical properties, design principles and fabrication methods for different types of energy storage systems and organic electronic devices. While highlighting some exciting progress on charge transfer theory and emerging applications, we end up with a discussion on the challenges and opportunities regarding the future directions of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xie
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
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18
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Oka K, Kaiwa Y, Kataoka M, Fujita K, Oyaizu K. A Polymer Sheet‐Based Hydrogen Carrier. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kouki Oka
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Research Institute for Science and Engineering Waseda University 3‐4‐1 Okubo, Shinjuku 169‐8555 Tokyo Japan
| | - Yusuke Kaiwa
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Research Institute for Science and Engineering Waseda University 3‐4‐1 Okubo, Shinjuku 169‐8555 Tokyo Japan
| | - Miho Kataoka
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Research Institute for Science and Engineering Waseda University 3‐4‐1 Okubo, Shinjuku 169‐8555 Tokyo Japan
| | - Ken‐ichi Fujita
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies Kyoto University Sakyo‐ku 606‐8501 Kyoto Japan
| | - Kenichi Oyaizu
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Research Institute for Science and Engineering Waseda University 3‐4‐1 Okubo, Shinjuku 169‐8555 Tokyo Japan
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19
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Huang J, Dong X, Guo Z, Wang Y. Progress of Organic Electrodes in Aqueous Electrolyte for Energy Storage and Conversion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:18322-18333. [PMID: 32329546 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202003198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Aqueous batteries using inorganic compounds as electrode materials are considered a promising solution for grid-scale energy storage, while wide application is limited by the short life and/or high cost of electrodes. Organics with carbonyl groups are being investigated as the alternative to inorganic electrode materials because they offer the advantages of tunable structures, renewability, and they are environmentally benign. Furthermore, the wide internal space of such organic materials enables flexible storage of various charged ions (for example, H+ , Li+ , Na+ , K+ , Zn2+ , Mg2+ , and Ca2+ , and so on). We offer a comprehensive overview of the progress of organics containing carbonyls for energy storage and conversion in aqueous electrolytes, including applications in aqueous batteries as solid-state electrodes, in flow batteries as soluble redox species, and in water electrolysis as redox buffer electrodes. The advantages of organic electrodes are summarized, with a discussion of the challenges remaining for their practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhang Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Institute of New Energy iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, 330063, China
| | - Xiaoli Dong
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Institute of New Energy iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zhaowei Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Institute of New Energy iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yonggang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Institute of New Energy iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
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20
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Huang J, Dong X, Guo Z, Wang Y. Progress of Organic Electrodes in Aqueous Electrolyte for Energy Storage and Conversion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202003198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianhang Huang
- Department of Chemistry Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Institute of New Energy iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials) Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanchang Hangkong University Nanchang 330063 China
| | - Xiaoli Dong
- Department of Chemistry Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Institute of New Energy iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials) Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Zhaowei Guo
- Department of Chemistry Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Institute of New Energy iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials) Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Yonggang Wang
- Department of Chemistry Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Institute of New Energy iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials) Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
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21
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Chen YC, Hsu YK. Ultrafast Carrier Transport through an Advanced Thick Electrode with a High Areal Capacity for Aqueous Lithium-Ion Batteries. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:3479-3487. [PMID: 32301264 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202000622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Thick electrode design holds great promise to render the aqueous lithium ion battery more cost effective by boosting the packing density of the electroactive materials to enhance the energy delivery at the device level. However, a thick electrode faces the concomitant challenge of the sluggish transport of electrons and, importantly, the Li ions. To address this issue, numerous 3 D shortcuts that include a conductive percolation network and well-interconnected mesoporous channels were established in the 330 μm thick V2 O5 ⋅H2 O/CC monolithic electrode developed here. In this way, electron transfer and ion transport were favored, which accounts for the outstanding charge-storage capacity that exceeded 2 mA h cm-2 and the exceptional energy and power densities of 1.38 mW h cm-2 and 34.1 mW cm-2 , respectively, measured at the electrode and the device scale within a short subhour timeframe. Such a remarkable high rate performance is better than that of electrodes reported previously for commercial lithium-ion microbatteries, advanced aqueous batteries, and state-of-the-art supercapacitors designed for high-power applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Chu Chen
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 3, Yinlian Road, Lingang, Shanghai, 201306, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Kuei Hsu
- Department of Opto-Electronic Engineering, National Dong Hwa University, No. 1, Sec. 2, Da Hsueh Road, Shoufeng, Hualien, 97401, Taiwan
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22
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Fédèle L, Ouari O, Sauvage F, Thiam A, Becuwe M. Empowering organic-based negative electrode material based on conjugated lithium carboxylate through molecular design. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:2321-2327. [PMID: 32118368 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202000140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we describe the design and gram-scale synthesis of a new anthracene-based negative electrode material for Li-ion batteries. Based on rational design, featuring a strong electronic delocalization and a long conjugation length, this material has power performance to date unmatched for a conjugated lithium carboxylate, displaying a gravimetric capacity of 150 mAh g-1 at a cycling rate of 20 Li+ /h (10 C) without any electrode engineering. Additionally, to the design, partial solubility of the fully reduced phase may also explain the electrochemical performances obtained at a low and high rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lionel Fédèle
- Laboratoire de Réactivité et Chimie des Solides (LRCS), UMR CNRS 7314, Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), Amiens, 33 rue Saint-leu, 80039, Amiens, France
- Institut de Chimie de Picardie (ICP), FR CNRS 3085, 80039, Amiens, France
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire (ICR), UMR 7273, Marseille, 13013, France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, 80039, Amiens, France
| | - Olivier Ouari
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire (ICR), UMR 7273, Marseille, 13013, France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, 80039, Amiens, France
| | - Frédéric Sauvage
- Laboratoire de Réactivité et Chimie des Solides (LRCS), UMR CNRS 7314, Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), Amiens, 33 rue Saint-leu, 80039, Amiens, France
- Institut de Chimie de Picardie (ICP), FR CNRS 3085, 80039, Amiens, France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, 80039, Amiens, France
| | - Amadou Thiam
- Laboratoire de Réactivité et Chimie des Solides (LRCS), UMR CNRS 7314, Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), Amiens, 33 rue Saint-leu, 80039, Amiens, France
- Institut de Chimie de Picardie (ICP), FR CNRS 3085, 80039, Amiens, France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, 80039, Amiens, France
| | - Matthieu Becuwe
- Laboratoire de Réactivité et Chimie des Solides (LRCS), UMR CNRS 7314, Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), Amiens, 33 rue Saint-leu, 80039, Amiens, France
- Institut de Chimie de Picardie (ICP), FR CNRS 3085, 80039, Amiens, France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, 80039, Amiens, France
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23
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Hatakeyama-Sato K, Tezuka T, Ichinoi R, Matsumono S, Sadakuni K, Oyaizu K. Metal-Free, Solid-State, Paperlike Rechargeable Batteries Consisting of Redox-Active Polyethers. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:2443-2448. [PMID: 31883311 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201903175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Metal-free and totally organic based batteries were fabricated from functional polyethers. Aliphatic polyethers, in which 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl and viologen were introduced with high density, were used as the cathode and anode active materials, respectively. By stacking nanosheets of the polymers and an imidazolium-substituted polyether as the electrolyte, a solid-state cell only 2 μm thick was made. The anion-type rocking-chair cell showed reversible charge/discharge even at a high rate of 5 C without adding any solvents or plasticizers. Although the unsealed cell was measured under ambient conditions, no significant side reactions (including self-discharging and capacity decay) occurred, whereas conventional electrodes are sensitive to air and water in the charged state. The intrinsic plasticity of the polyethers is also compatible with making free-form, 3D-printable batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Toshiki Tezuka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Rieka Ichinoi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Satoshi Matsumono
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Karin Sadakuni
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Kenichi Oyaizu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
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24
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Cheong JY, Mafi M, Benker L, Zhu J, Mader M, Liang C, Hou H, Agarwal S, Kim ID, Greiner A. Ultralight, Structurally Stable Electrospun Sponges with Tailored Hydrophilicity as a Novel Material Platform. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:18002-18011. [PMID: 32157865 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c03103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sponges based on short electrospun fibers have received significant attention due to their ultrahigh porosity, lightweight, and multifunctional characteristics. In particular, polyimide (PI) sponges have been researched due to their exceptional mechanical properties and thermal stability. Nevertheless, a number of sponges, including PI, are usually hydrophobic and synthesized in toxic, nonwater solvents (e.g., 1,4-dioxane). Conversely, hydrophilic sponges disintegrate upon contact with water. Here, we suggest a new strategy to fabricate PI sponges in water by introducing a suitable surfactant, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) (sPI sponges). With less than 1 wt % of SDBS with respect to PI short fibers, they can be homogeneously dispersed in water and mixed well with poly(amic acid) (PAA) solution. The synthesized sponge, depending on the concentration of SDBS, showed hydrophilic properties and substantial water uptake above 5000%. The hydrophilic properties of the sponges, which are not common, and the preparation from aqueous solution introduce new research opportunities. Such hydrophilic sponges are particularly special because they do not swell in contact with water, which makes them dimensionally stable. The methods presented here can serve as a milestone for the future development of various kinds of hydrophilic sponges applied for various applications, ranging from tissue engineering to oil/water separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Young Cheong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Mahsa Mafi
- Macromolecular Chemistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, Bayreuth 95440, Germany
| | - Lothar Benker
- Macromolecular Chemistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, Bayreuth 95440, Germany
| | - Jian Zhu
- Macromolecular Chemistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, Bayreuth 95440, Germany
| | - Michael Mader
- Macromolecular Chemistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, Bayreuth 95440, Germany
| | - Chen Liang
- Macromolecular Chemistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, Bayreuth 95440, Germany
| | - Haoqing Hou
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, No. 99, Ziyang Street, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Seema Agarwal
- Macromolecular Chemistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, Bayreuth 95440, Germany
| | - Il-Doo Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Andreas Greiner
- Macromolecular Chemistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, Bayreuth 95440, Germany
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25
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Poizot P, Gaubicher J, Renault S, Dubois L, Liang Y, Yao Y. Opportunities and Challenges for Organic Electrodes in Electrochemical Energy Storage. Chem Rev 2020; 120:6490-6557. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 293] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Poizot
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel, IMN, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Joël Gaubicher
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel, IMN, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Stéven Renault
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel, IMN, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Lionel Dubois
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IRIG,
SyMMES, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Yanliang Liang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Texas Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Yan Yao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Texas Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
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26
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Wang S, Easley AD, Lutkenhaus JL. 100th Anniversary of Macromolecular Science Viewpoint: Fundamentals for the Future of Macromolecular Nitroxide Radicals. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:358-370. [PMID: 35648551 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Macromolecular radicals, radical polymers, and polyradicals bear unique functionalities derived from their pendant radical groups. The increasing need for organic functional materials is driving the growth in research interest in macromolecular radicals for batteries, electronics, memory, and imaging. This Viewpoint summarizes the current state-of-knowledge regarding the macromolecular nitroxide radicals' redox mechanism, conductivity, chain conformation, controlled polymerization, network structure, conjugated forms, and applications. The nitroxide radical group is the focus because it is the most widely studied. Although most literature focuses upon applications, an emerging body of work is highlighting the fundamental physicochemical properties of macromolecular radicals. To this end, this Viewpoint recommends areas of opportunity in fundamental studies and best practices in reporting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyang Wang
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Alexandra D. Easley
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Jodie L. Lutkenhaus
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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27
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Oka K, Furukawa S, Murao S, Oka T, Nishide H, Oyaizu K. Poly(dihydroxybenzoquinone): its high-density and robust charge storage capability in rechargeable acidic polymer–air batteries. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:4055-4058. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc00660b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A rechargeable acidic polymer–air battery was firstly fabricated, which exhibited a long-lifetime of >500 cycles and high rate capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouki Oka
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Waseda University
- Tokyo 169-8555
- Japan
| | - Shuhei Furukawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Waseda University
- Tokyo 169-8555
- Japan
| | - Saki Murao
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Waseda University
- Tokyo 169-8555
- Japan
| | - Tatsuya Oka
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Waseda University
- Tokyo 169-8555
- Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nishide
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Waseda University
- Tokyo 169-8555
- Japan
- Research Institute for Science and Engineering
| | - Kenichi Oyaizu
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Waseda University
- Tokyo 169-8555
- Japan
- Research Institute for Science and Engineering
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28
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Friebe C, Lex‐Balducci A, Schubert US. Sustainable Energy Storage: Recent Trends and Developments toward Fully Organic Batteries. CHEMSUSCHEM 2019; 12:4093-4115. [PMID: 31297974 PMCID: PMC6790600 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201901545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In times of spreading mobile devices, organic batteries represent a promising approach to replace the well-established lithium-ion technology to fulfill the growing demand for small, flexible, safe, as well as sustainable energy storage solutions. In the last years, large efforts have been made regarding the investigation and development of batteries that use organic active materials since they feature superior properties compared to metal-based, in particular lithium-based, energy-storage systems in terms of flexibility and safety as well as with regard to resource availability and disposal. This Review compiles an overview over the most recent studies on the topic. It focuses on the different types of applied active materials, covering both known systems that are optimized and novel structures that aim at being established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Friebe
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller University JenaHumboldtstraße 1007743JenaGermany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena)Friedrich Schiller University JenaPhilosophenweg 7a07743JenaGermany
| | - Alexandra Lex‐Balducci
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller University JenaHumboldtstraße 1007743JenaGermany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena)Friedrich Schiller University JenaPhilosophenweg 7a07743JenaGermany
| | - Ulrich S. Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller University JenaHumboldtstraße 1007743JenaGermany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena)Friedrich Schiller University JenaPhilosophenweg 7a07743JenaGermany
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29
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Li G, Zhang B, Wang J, Zhao H, Ma W, Xu L, Zhang W, Zhou K, Du Y, He G. Electrochromic Poly(chalcogenoviologen)s as Anode Materials for High‐Performance Organic Radical Lithium‐Ion Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:8468-8473. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201903152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guoping Li
- Frontier Institute of Science and TechnologyState Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical StructuresXi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials ChemistryXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi Province 710054 China
| | - Bingjie Zhang
- Frontier Institute of Science and TechnologyState Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical StructuresXi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials ChemistryXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi Province 710054 China
| | - Jianwei Wang
- Frontier Institute of Science and TechnologyState Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical StructuresXi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials ChemistryXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi Province 710054 China
| | - Hongyang Zhao
- Frontier Institute of Science and TechnologyState Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical StructuresXi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials ChemistryXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi Province 710054 China
| | - Wenqiang Ma
- Frontier Institute of Science and TechnologyState Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical StructuresXi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials ChemistryXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi Province 710054 China
| | - Letian Xu
- Frontier Institute of Science and TechnologyState Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical StructuresXi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials ChemistryXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi Province 710054 China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- Frontier Institute of Science and TechnologyState Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical StructuresXi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials ChemistryXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi Province 710054 China
| | - Kun Zhou
- Frontier Institute of Science and TechnologyState Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical StructuresXi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials ChemistryXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi Province 710054 China
| | - Yaping Du
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringNational Institute for Advanced MaterialsNankai University Tianjin 300350 China
| | - Gang He
- Frontier Institute of Science and TechnologyState Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical StructuresXi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials ChemistryXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi Province 710054 China
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30
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Li G, Zhang B, Wang J, Zhao H, Ma W, Xu L, Zhang W, Zhou K, Du Y, He G. Electrochromic Poly(chalcogenoviologen)s as Anode Materials for High‐Performance Organic Radical Lithium‐Ion Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201903152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guoping Li
- Frontier Institute of Science and TechnologyState Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical StructuresXi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials ChemistryXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi Province 710054 China
| | - Bingjie Zhang
- Frontier Institute of Science and TechnologyState Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical StructuresXi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials ChemistryXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi Province 710054 China
| | - Jianwei Wang
- Frontier Institute of Science and TechnologyState Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical StructuresXi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials ChemistryXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi Province 710054 China
| | - Hongyang Zhao
- Frontier Institute of Science and TechnologyState Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical StructuresXi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials ChemistryXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi Province 710054 China
| | - Wenqiang Ma
- Frontier Institute of Science and TechnologyState Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical StructuresXi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials ChemistryXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi Province 710054 China
| | - Letian Xu
- Frontier Institute of Science and TechnologyState Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical StructuresXi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials ChemistryXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi Province 710054 China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- Frontier Institute of Science and TechnologyState Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical StructuresXi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials ChemistryXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi Province 710054 China
| | - Kun Zhou
- Frontier Institute of Science and TechnologyState Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical StructuresXi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials ChemistryXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi Province 710054 China
| | - Yaping Du
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringNational Institute for Advanced MaterialsNankai University Tianjin 300350 China
| | - Gang He
- Frontier Institute of Science and TechnologyState Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical StructuresXi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials ChemistryXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi Province 710054 China
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Hatakeyama-Sato K, Wakamatsu H, Yamagishi K, Fujie T, Takeoka S, Oyaizu K, Nishide H. Ultrathin and Stretchable Rechargeable Devices with Organic Polymer Nanosheets Conformable to Skin Surface. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1805296. [PMID: 30730109 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201805296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Ultrathin flexible electronic devices have been attracting substantial attention for biomonitoring, display, wireless communication, and many other ubiquitous applications. In this article, organic robust redox-active polymer/carbon nanotube hybrid nanosheets with thickness of just 100 nm are reported as power sources for ultrathin devices conformable to skin. Regardless of the extreme thinness of the electrodes, a moderately large current density of 0.4 mA cm-2 is achieved due to the high output of the polymers (>10 A g-1 ). For the first time, the use of mechanically robust yet intrinsically soft electrodes and polymer nanosheet sealing leads to the fabrication of rechargeable devices with only 1-µm thickness and even with stretchable properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Hatakeyama-Sato
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
- Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Hisato Wakamatsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Kento Yamagishi
- Research Organization for Nano & Life Innovation, Waseda University, Tokyo, 162-0041, Japan
| | - Toshinori Fujie
- Waseda Institute for Advanced Study, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8050, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Shinji Takeoka
- Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan
| | - Kenichi Oyaizu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
- Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nishide
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
- Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
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Xie Y, Zhang K, Monteiro MJ, Jia Z. Conjugated Nitroxide Radical Polymers: Synthesis and Application in Flexible Energy Storage Devices. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:7096-7103. [PMID: 30688070 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b21073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and electrochemical behavior of nitroxide radical conjugated polymers (NCPs) have long been an intriguing topic in redox polymer-based energy storage. However, common (electro)chemical oxidation polymerization methods have proved difficult in the synthesis of well-defined NCPs, and many of these polymers have been difficult to process into thin films. In addition to these drawbacks and coupled with the complex charge-transfer and storage mechanisms, the use of NCPs as electrodes has been significantly limited. The aim of this work is to provide mechanistic insights into this complex charge-transfer and storage process using a new and well-defined NCP synthesized using an ultrafast cyclopolymerization with the Grubbs 3rd generation catalyst. The monomer, consisting of a 1,6-heptadiyne group and a TEMPO (i.e. 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxy) radical, through the cyclopolymerization produced a well-defined NCP with a five-membered ring-containing polyene backbone. This polymer demonstrated excellent film formation properties, allowing the study of their thin-film electrochemical behavior. We found that the electrochemical oxidation of the conjugated backbone and its internal charge transfer to the nitroxide radicals were strongly affected by the applied potential window, current densities, and cycle numbers. Using these new insights, we successfully utilized our NCPs in a flexible energy storage device by fabricating high-performance NCP-coated carbon cloth-based flexible electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xie
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology , University of Queensland , Brisbane , Queensland 4072 , Australia
| | - Kai Zhang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology , University of Queensland , Brisbane , Queensland 4072 , Australia
| | - Michael J Monteiro
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology , University of Queensland , Brisbane , Queensland 4072 , Australia
| | - Zhongfan Jia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology , University of Queensland , Brisbane , Queensland 4072 , Australia
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