1
|
Kim YH, Jeong H, Won BR, Jeon H, Park CH, Park D, Kim Y, Lee S, Myung JH. Nanoparticle Exsolution on Perovskite Oxides: Insights into Mechanism, Characteristics and Novel Strategies. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2023; 16:33. [PMID: 38015283 PMCID: PMC10684483 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-023-01258-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Supported nanoparticles have attracted considerable attention as a promising catalyst for achieving unique properties in numerous applications, including fuel cells, chemical conversion, and batteries. Nanocatalysts demonstrate high activity by expanding the number of active sites, but they also intensify deactivation issues, such as agglomeration and poisoning, simultaneously. Exsolution for bottom-up synthesis of supported nanoparticles has emerged as a breakthrough technique to overcome limitations associated with conventional nanomaterials. Nanoparticles are uniformly exsolved from perovskite oxide supports and socketed into the oxide support by a one-step reduction process. Their uniformity and stability, resulting from the socketed structure, play a crucial role in the development of novel nanocatalysts. Recently, tremendous research efforts have been dedicated to further controlling exsolution particles. To effectively address exsolution at a more precise level, understanding the underlying mechanism is essential. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the exsolution mechanism, with a focus on its driving force, processes, properties, and synergetic strategies, as well as new pathways for optimizing nanocatalysts in diverse applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yo Han Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeongwon Jeong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Ram Won
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejin Jeon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Ho Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Dayoung Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeeun Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Somi Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ha Myung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Siebenhofer M, Riedl C, Nenning A, Raznjevic S, Fellner F, Artner W, Zhang Z, Rameshan C, Fleig J, Kubicek M. Crystal-Orientation-Dependent Oxygen Exchange Kinetics on Mixed Conducting Thin-Film Surfaces Investigated by In Situ Studies. ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS 2023; 6:6712-6720. [PMID: 37388294 PMCID: PMC10301866 DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.3c00870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
The oxygen exchange kinetics and the surface chemistry of epitaxially grown, dense La0.6Sr0.4CoO3-δ (LSC) thin films in three different orientations, (001), (110), and (111), were investigated by means of in situ impedance spectroscopy during pulsed laser deposition (i-PLD) and near-ambient-pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (NAP-XPS). i-PLD measurements showed that pristine LSC surfaces exhibit very fast surface exchange kinetics but revealed no significant differences between the specific orientations. However, as soon as the surfaces were in contact with acidic, gaseous impurities, such as S-containing compounds in nominally pure measurement atmospheres, NAP-XPS measurements revealed that the (001) orientation is substantially more susceptible to the formation of sulfate adsorbates and a concomitant performance decrease. This result is further substantiated by a stronger increase of the work function on (001)-oriented LSC surfaces upon sulfate adsorbate formation and by a faster performance degradation of these surfaces in ex situ measurement setups. This phenomenon has potentially gone unnoticed in the discussion of the interplay between the crystal orientation and the oxygen exchange kinetics and might have far-reaching implications for real solid oxide cell electrodes, where porous materials exhibit a wide variety of differently oriented and reconstructed surfaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthäus Siebenhofer
- Institute
of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna 1060, Austria
- Centre
for Electrochemistry and Surface Technology (CEST), Wiener Neustadt 2700, Austria
| | - Christoph Riedl
- Institute
of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna 1060, Austria
| | - Andreas Nenning
- Institute
of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna 1060, Austria
| | - Sergej Raznjevic
- Erich
Schmid Institute of Materials Science, Austrian
Academy of Sciences, Leoben 8700, Austria
| | - Felix Fellner
- Institute
of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna 1060, Austria
| | - Werner Artner
- X-Ray
Center, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna 1060, Austria
| | - Zaoli Zhang
- Erich
Schmid Institute of Materials Science, Austrian
Academy of Sciences, Leoben 8700, Austria
| | - Christoph Rameshan
- Chair
of Physical Chemistry, Montanuniversität
Leoben, Leoben 8700, Austria
| | - Jürgen Fleig
- Institute
of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna 1060, Austria
| | - Markus Kubicek
- Institute
of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna 1060, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang J, Kalaev D, Yang J, Waluyo I, Hunt A, Sadowski JT, Tuller HL, Yildiz B. Fast Surface Oxygen Release Kinetics Accelerate Nanoparticle Exsolution in Perovskite Oxides. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:1714-1727. [PMID: 36627834 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c10256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Exsolution is a recent advancement for fabricating oxide-supported metal nanoparticle catalysts via phase precipitation out of a host oxide. A fundamental understanding and control of the exsolution kinetics are needed to engineer exsolved nanoparticles to obtain higher catalytic activity toward clean energy and fuel conversion. Since oxygen release via oxygen vacancy formation in the host oxide is behind oxide reduction and metal exsolution, we hypothesize that the kinetics of metal exsolution should depend on the kinetics of oxygen release, in addition to the kinetics of metal cation diffusion. Here, we probe the surface exsolution kinetics both experimentally and theoretically using thin-film perovskite SrTi0.65Fe0.35O3 (STF) as a model system. We quantitatively demonstrated that in this system the surface oxygen release governs the metal nanoparticle exsolution kinetics. As a result, by increasing the oxygen release rate in STF, either by reducing the sample thickness or by increasing the surface reactivity, one can effectively accelerate the Fe0 exsolution kinetics. Fast oxygen release kinetics in STF not only shortened the prereduction time prior to the exsolution onset, but also increased the total quantity of exsolved Fe0 over time, which agrees well with the predictions from our analytical kinetic modeling. The consistency between the results obtained from in situ experiments and analytical modeling provides a predictive capability for tailoring exsolution, and highlights the importance of engineering host oxide surface oxygen release kinetics in designing exsolved nanocatalysts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiayue Wang
- Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
| | - Dmitri Kalaev
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
| | - Iradwikanari Waluyo
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York11973, United States
| | - Adrian Hunt
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York11973, United States
| | - Jerzy T Sadowski
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York11973, United States
| | - Harry L Tuller
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
| | - Bilge Yildiz
- Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pesquera D, Fernández A, Khestanova E, Martin LW. Freestanding complex-oxide membranes. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2022; 34:383001. [PMID: 35779514 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac7dd5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Complex oxides show a vast range of functional responses, unparalleled within the inorganic solids realm, making them promising materials for applications as varied as next-generation field-effect transistors, spintronic devices, electro-optic modulators, pyroelectric detectors, or oxygen reduction catalysts. Their stability in ambient conditions, chemical versatility, and large susceptibility to minute structural and electronic modifications make them ideal subjects of study to discover emergent phenomena and to generate novel functionalities for next-generation devices. Recent advances in the synthesis of single-crystal, freestanding complex oxide membranes provide an unprecedented opportunity to study these materials in a nearly-ideal system (e.g. free of mechanical/thermal interaction with substrates) as well as expanding the range of tools for tweaking their order parameters (i.e. (anti-)ferromagnetic, (anti-)ferroelectric, ferroelastic), and increasing the possibility of achieving novel heterointegration approaches (including interfacing dissimilar materials) by avoiding the chemical, structural, or thermal constraints in synthesis processes. Here, we review the recent developments in the fabrication and characterization of complex-oxide membranes and discuss their potential for unraveling novel physicochemical phenomena at the nanoscale and for further exploiting their functionalities in technologically relevant devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Pesquera
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - Abel Fernández
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States of America
| | | | - Lane W Martin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States of America
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Siebenhofer M, Riedl C, Schmid A, Limbeck A, Opitz AK, Fleig J, Kubicek M. Investigating oxygen reduction pathways on pristine SOFC cathode surfaces by in situ PLD impedance spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY. A 2022; 10:2305-2319. [PMID: 35223039 PMCID: PMC8805794 DOI: 10.1039/d1ta07128a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The oxygen exchange reaction mechanism on truly pristine surfaces of SOFC cathode materials (La0.6Sr0.4CoO3-δ = LSC, La0.6Sr0.4FeO3-δ = LSF, (La0.6Sr0.4)0.98Pt0.02FeO3-δ = Pt:LSF, SrTi0.3Fe0.7O3-δ = STF, Pr0.1Ce0.9O2-δ = PCO and La0.6Sr0.4MnO3-δ = LSM) was investigated employing in situ impedance spectroscopy during pulsed laser deposition (i-PLD) over a wide temperature and p(O2) range. Besides demonstrating the often astonishing catalytic capabilities of the materials, it is possible to discuss the oxygen exchange reaction mechanism based on experiments on clean surfaces unaltered by external degradation processes. All investigated materials with at least moderate ionic conductivity (i.e. all except LSM) exhibit polarization resistances with very similar p(O2)- and T-dependences, mostly differing only in absolute value. In combination with non-equilibrium measurements under polarization and defect chemical model calculations, these results elucidate several aspects of the oxygen exchange reaction mechanism and refine the understanding of the role oxygen vacancies and electronic charge carriers play in the oxygen exchange reaction. It was found that a major part of the effective activation energy of the surface exchange reaction, which is observed during equilibrium measurements, originates from thermally activated charge carrier concentrations. Electrode polarization was therefore used to control defect concentrations and to extract concentration amended activation energies, which prove to be drastically different for oxygen incorporation and evolution (0.26 vs. 2.05 eV for LSF).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthäus Siebenhofer
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien Vienna Austria
- CEST Centre of Electrochemistry and Surface Technology Wr. Neustadt Austria
| | - Christoph Riedl
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien Vienna Austria
| | - Alexander Schmid
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien Vienna Austria
| | - Andreas Limbeck
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien Vienna Austria
| | | | - Jürgen Fleig
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien Vienna Austria
| | - Markus Kubicek
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien Vienna Austria
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Redokop E, Poelman H, Filez M, Ramachandran RK, Dendooven J, Detavernier C, Marin GB, Olsbye U, Galvita V. Aligning time-resolved kinetics (TAP) and surface spectroscopy (AP-XPS) for a more comprehensive understanding of ALD-derived 2D and 3D model catalysts. Faraday Discuss 2022; 236:485-509. [DOI: 10.1039/d1fd00120e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Spectro-kinetic characterization of complex catalytic materials, i.e. relating the observed reaction kinetics to spectroscopic descriptors of the catalyst state, presents a fundamental challenge with a potentially significant impact on various...
Collapse
|
7
|
Song C, Bo T, Liu X, Guo P, Meng S, Wu K. Local Kondo scattering in 4d-electron RuO x nanoclusters on atomically-resolved ultrathin SrRuO 3 films. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:22526-22531. [PMID: 34590637 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp02738g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Perovskite SrRuO3 is a unique 4d transition metal oxide with coexisting spin-orbit coupling (SOC) and electron-electron correlation. However, the intrinsic, non-reconstructed surface structure of SrRuO3 has not been reported so far. Here we report an atomic imaging of the non-reconstructed, SrO-terminated SrRuO3 surface by scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy. Moreover, a Kondo resonant behavior is revealed in RuOx clusters located on top of the nonmagnetic SrO surface layer. The density functional theory calculations confirm that RuOx clusters possess localized 4d-electron-involved spin moments and hybridize with the conduction electrons in the metal host, resulting in the appearance of the Kondo resonance features around the Fermi level. Our work demonstrates that artificially-engineered transition metal oxides provide new opportunities to explore the Kondo physics in 4d multi-orbital systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuangye Song
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China. .,Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Tao Bo
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China. .,Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen 5232, Switzerland
| | - Pengjie Guo
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China. .,Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Sheng Meng
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China. .,Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,School of Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kehui Wu
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China. .,Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,School of Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|