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Park B, Jeong C, Ok J, Kim TI. Materials and Structural Designs toward Motion Artifact-Free Bioelectronics. Chem Rev 2024; 124:6148-6197. [PMID: 38690686 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Bioelectronics encompassing electronic components and circuits for accessing human information play a vital role in real-time and continuous monitoring of biophysiological signals of electrophysiology, mechanical physiology, and electrochemical physiology. However, mechanical noise, particularly motion artifacts, poses a significant challenge in accurately detecting and analyzing target signals. While software-based "postprocessing" methods and signal filtering techniques have been widely employed, challenges such as signal distortion, major requirement of accurate models for classification, power consumption, and data delay inevitably persist. This review presents an overview of noise reduction strategies in bioelectronics, focusing on reducing motion artifacts and improving the signal-to-noise ratio through hardware-based approaches such as "preprocessing". One of the main stress-avoiding strategies is reducing elastic mechanical energies applied to bioelectronics to prevent stress-induced motion artifacts. Various approaches including strain-compliance, strain-resistance, and stress-damping techniques using unique materials and structures have been explored. Future research should optimize materials and structure designs, establish stable processes and measurement methods, and develop techniques for selectively separating and processing overlapping noises. Ultimately, these advancements will contribute to the development of more reliable and effective bioelectronics for healthcare monitoring and diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeonghak Park
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanho Jeong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jehyung Ok
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Il Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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2
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Janićijević Ž, Huang T, Bojórquez DIS, Tonmoy TH, Pané S, Makarov D, Baraban L. Design and Development of Transient Sensing Devices for Healthcare Applications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2307232. [PMID: 38484201 PMCID: PMC11132064 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
With the ever-growing requirements in the healthcare sector aimed at personalized diagnostics and treatment, continuous and real-time monitoring of relevant parameters is gaining significant traction. In many applications, health status monitoring may be carried out by dedicated wearable or implantable sensing devices only within a defined period and followed by sensor removal without additional risks for the patient. At the same time, disposal of the increasing number of conventional portable electronic devices with short life cycles raises serious environmental concerns due to the dangerous accumulation of electronic and chemical waste. An attractive solution to address these complex and contradictory demands is offered by biodegradable sensing devices. Such devices may be able to perform required tests within a programmed period and then disappear by safe resorption in the body or harmless degradation in the environment. This work critically assesses the design and development concepts related to biodegradable and bioresorbable sensors for healthcare applications. Different aspects are comprehensively addressed, from fundamental material properties and sensing principles to application-tailored designs, fabrication techniques, and device implementations. The emerging approaches spanning the last 5 years are emphasized and a broad insight into the most important challenges and future perspectives of biodegradable sensors in healthcare are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Željko Janićijević
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer ResearchHelmholtz‐Zentrum Dresden‐Rossendorf e. V.01328DresdenGermany
| | - Tao Huang
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer ResearchHelmholtz‐Zentrum Dresden‐Rossendorf e. V.01328DresdenGermany
| | | | - Taufhik Hossain Tonmoy
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer ResearchHelmholtz‐Zentrum Dresden‐Rossendorf e. V.01328DresdenGermany
| | - Salvador Pané
- Multi‐Scale Robotics Lab (MSRL)Institute of Robotics & Intelligent Systems (IRIS)ETH ZürichZürich8092Switzerland
| | - Denys Makarov
- Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials ResearchHelmholtz‐Zentrum Dresden‐Rossendorf e. V.01328DresdenGermany
| | - Larysa Baraban
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer ResearchHelmholtz‐Zentrum Dresden‐Rossendorf e. V.01328DresdenGermany
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3
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Xu K, Zhang P, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Li L, Shi Y, Wen X, Xu Y. MoO xNWs with mechanical damage - oriented synergistic photothermal / photodynamic therapy for highly effective treating wound infections. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 660:235-245. [PMID: 38244492 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-based therapy has emerged as a promising antibacterial strategy. However, it faces the limitations of uncontrollable space-time release and excessive lipid peroxidation, which may lead to a series of metabolic disorders and decreased immune function. In this study, mechanical damage by molybdenum oxide nanowires (MoOxNWs) is introduced as a synergistic factor to enhance the photothermal and photodynamic effects for controllable and efficient antibacterial therapy. Through their sharp ends, the nanowires can effectively pierce and damage the bacterial cells, thus facilitating the entry of externally generated ROS into the cells. The ROS are generated via photodynamic effect of the nanowires under a mere 5 min of near-infrared light irradiation. This approach enhances the photothermal (by 27.3 %) and photodynamic properties of ROS generation. MoOxNWs (100 μg·mL-1) achieve sterilisation rates of 97.67 % for extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing E. coli and 96.34 % for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, which are comparable or even exceeding the efficacy of most MoOx-based antibacterial agents. Moreover, they exhibit good biocompatibility and low in vivo toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaikai Xu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, 9 Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, 9 Qingdao 266071, China; Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, 9 Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yanfang Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, 9 Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Limin Li
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, 9 Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yanfeng Shi
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, 9 Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xueyun Wen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, 9 Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yuanhong Xu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, 9 Qingdao 266071, China.
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4
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Yamada S. Biodegradable Mg-Mo 2C MXene Air Batteries for Transient Energy Storage. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:14759-14769. [PMID: 38497977 PMCID: PMC10982942 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c17692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Primary batteries are the fundamental power sources in small electronic gadgets and bio/ecoresorbable batteries. They are fabricated from benign and biodegradable materials and are of interest in environmental sensing and implants because of their low toxicity toward the environment and human body during decomposition. However, current bio/ecoresorbable batteries suffer from low operating voltages and output powers because of the occurrence of undesired hydrogen evolution reactions (HERs) at cathodes. Herein, Mo2C MXene was used as a cathode to achieve high operating voltage and areal power. Mo2C provides energy barriers for HERs in alkaline solutions, and such barriers suppress HERs and allow the oxygen reduction reaction to dominate at the cathode. The fabricated battery exhibits an operating voltage and areal power of 1.4 V and 0.92 mW cm-2, respectively. Degradation tests show that the full cell completely degrades within 123 days, leaving only Mo fragments from the electrode and biodegradable encapsulation. This study provides insights into bio/ecoresorbable batteries with high power and operating voltage, which can be used for environmental sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Yamada
- Department of Robotics, Tohoku University, Room 113, Building
No. A15, Area A01, 6-6-01 Aoba,
Aramakiaza, Aobaku, Sendaishi, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
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5
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Li HN, Zhang C, Yang HC, Liang HQ, Wang Z, Xu ZK. Solid-state, liquid-free ion-conducting elastomers: rising-star platforms for flexible intelligent devices. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:1152-1176. [PMID: 38165799 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh01812a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Soft ionic conductors have emerged as a powerful toolkit to engineer transparent flexible intelligent devices that go beyond their conventional counterparts. Particularly, due to their superior capacities of eliminating the evaporation, freezing and leakage issues of the liquid phase encountered with hydrogels, organohydrogels and ionogels, the emerging solid-state, liquid-free ion-conducting elastomers have been largely recognized as ideal candidates for intelligent flexible devices. However, despite their extensive development, a comprehensive and timely review in this emerging field is lacking, particularly from the perspective of design principles, advanced manufacturing, and distinctive applications. Herein, we present (1) the design principles and intriguing merits of solid-state, liquid-free ion-conducting elastomers; (2) the methods to manufacture solid-state, liquid-free ion-conducting elastomers with preferential architectures and functions using advanced technologies such as 3D printing; (3) how to leverage solid-state, liquid-free ion-conducting elastomers in exploiting advanced applications, especially in the fields of flexible wearable sensors, bioelectronics and energy harvesting; (4) what are the unsolved scientific and technical challenges and future opportunities in this multidisciplinary field. We envision that this review will provide a paradigm shift to trigger insightful thinking and innovation in the development of intelligent flexible devices and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Nan Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, MOE Engineering Research Center of Membrane and Water Treatment Technology, and Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
| | - Chao Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, MOE Engineering Research Center of Membrane and Water Treatment Technology, and Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
| | - Hao-Cheng Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, MOE Engineering Research Center of Membrane and Water Treatment Technology, and Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
| | - Hong-Qing Liang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, MOE Engineering Research Center of Membrane and Water Treatment Technology, and Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
| | - Zuankai Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Zhi-Kang Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, MOE Engineering Research Center of Membrane and Water Treatment Technology, and Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
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6
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Wang Z, Zhu J. Recent Advances on Stretchable Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries for Wearable Electronics. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2311012. [PMID: 38334244 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
The rapid development of wearable electronics has stimulated the pursuit of advanced stretchable power sources. As a promising candidate, stretchable aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs), have attracted unprecedented attention owing to their intrinsic safety, low cost, environmental benignity, and high performance, and can be endowed with additional functionalities to broaden the applications of wearable electronics. Here, a comprehensive review on the latest advances of stretchable AZIBs is presented. The materials and methods for stretchable components in AZIBs are first summarized, covering current collectors, electrodes, electrolytes/separators, and encapsulating layers. Subsequently, the benefits of the coplanar, fiber-shaped, and sandwiched configurations for stretchable AZIBs are analyzed. Moreover, the additional features integrated into stretchable AZIBs are highlighted. Finally, the challenges and prospects of stretchable AZIBs for wearable applications in the future are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
- National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
- National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metal and Molecule-Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
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7
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Zhang Y, Lee G, Li S, Hu Z, Zhao K, Rogers JA. Advances in Bioresorbable Materials and Electronics. Chem Rev 2023; 123:11722-11773. [PMID: 37729090 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Transient electronic systems represent an emerging class of technology that is defined by an ability to fully or partially dissolve, disintegrate, or otherwise disappear at controlled rates or triggered times through engineered chemical or physical processes after a required period of operation. This review highlights recent advances in materials chemistry that serve as the foundations for a subclass of transient electronics, bioresorbable electronics, that is characterized by an ability to resorb (or, equivalently, to absorb) in a biological environment. The primary use cases are in systems designed to insert into the human body, to provide sensing and/or therapeutic functions for timeframes aligned with natural biological processes. Mechanisms of bioresorption then harmlessly eliminate the devices, and their associated load on and risk to the patient, without the need of secondary removal surgeries. The core content focuses on the chemistry of the enabling electronic materials, spanning organic and inorganic compounds to hybrids and composites, along with their mechanisms of chemical reaction in biological environments. Following discussions highlight the use of these materials in bioresorbable electronic components, sensors, power supplies, and in integrated diagnostic and therapeutic systems formed using specialized methods for fabrication and assembly. A concluding section summarizes opportunities for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamin Zhang
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Geumbee Lee
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Shuo Li
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Ziying Hu
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Kaiyu Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - John A Rogers
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Chemistry, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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8
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Yan B, Zhao Y, Peng H. Tissue-Matchable and Implantable Batteries Toward Biomedical Applications. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2300501. [PMID: 37469190 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Implantable electronic devices can realize real-time and reliable health monitoring, diagnosis, and treatment of human body, which are expected to overcome important bottlenecks in the biomedical field. However, the commonly used energy supply devices for them are implantable batteries based on conventional rigid device design with toxic components, which both mechanically and biologically mismatch soft biological tissues. Therefore, the development of highly soft, safe, and implantable tissue-matchable flexible batteries is of great significance and urgency for implantable bioelectronics. In this work, the recent advances of tissue-matchable and implantable flexible batteries are overviewed, focusing on the design strategies of electrodes/batteries and their biomedical applications. The mechanical flexibility, biocompatibility, and electrochemical performance in vitro and in vivo of these flexible electrodes/batteries are then discussed. Finally, perspectives are provided on the current challenges and possible directions of this field in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yan
- Institute of Flexible Electronics and Research and Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Institute of Flexible Electronics and Research and Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Huisheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
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9
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Lu H, Hu J, Wei X, Zhang K, Xiao X, Zhao J, Hu Q, Yu J, Zhou G, Xu B. A recyclable biomass electrolyte towards green zinc-ion batteries. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4435. [PMID: 37481665 PMCID: PMC10363112 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40178-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The operation of traditional aqueous-electrolyte zinc-ion batteries is adversely affected by the uncontrollable growth of zinc dendrites and the occurrence of side reactions. These problems can be avoided by the development of functional hydrogel electrolytes as replacements for aqueous electrolytes. However, the mechanism by which most hydrogel electrolytes inhibit the growth of zinc dendrites on a zinc anode has not been investigated in detail, and there is a lack of a large-scale recovery method for mainstream hydrogel electrolytes. In this paper, we describe the development of a recyclable and biodegradable hydrogel electrolyte based on natural biomaterials, namely chitosan and polyaspartic acid. The distinctive adsorptivity and inducibility of chitosan and polyaspartic acid in the hydrogel electrolyte triggers a double coupling network and an associated synergistic inhibition mechanism, thereby effectively inhibiting the side reactions on the zinc anode. In addition, this hydrogel electrolyte played a crucial role in an aqueous acid-based Zinc/MnO2 battery, by maintaining its interior two-electron redox reaction and inhibiting the formation of zinc dendrites. Furthermore, the sustainable biomass-based hydrogel electrolyte is biodegradable, and could be recovered from the Zinc/MnO2 battery for subsequent recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Lu
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Jisong Hu
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Xijun Wei
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Kaiqi Zhang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai), Weihai, 264209, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Jingxin Zhao
- Nanotechnology Center, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China.
| | - Qiang Hu
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, P.R. China
| | - Jing Yu
- School of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Guangmin Zhou
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China.
| | - Bingang Xu
- Nanotechnology Center, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China.
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10
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Jeong S, Oh J, Kim H, Bae J, Ko SH. Pattern design of a liquid metal-based wearable heater for constant heat generation under biaxial strain. iScience 2023; 26:107008. [PMID: 37332675 PMCID: PMC10275728 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
As the wearable heater is increasingly popular due to its versatile applications, there is a growing need to improve the tensile stability of the wearable heater. However, maintaining the stability and precise control of heating in resistive heaters for wearable electronics remains challenging due to multiaxial dynamic deformation with human motion. Here, we propose a pattern study for a circuit control system without complex structure or deep learning of the liquid metal (LM)-based wearable heater. The LM direct ink writing (DIW) method was used to fabricate the wearable heaters in various designs. Through the study about the pattern, the significance of input power per unit area for steady average temperature with tension was proven, and the directionality of the pattern was shown to be a factor that makes feedback control difficult due to the difference in resistance change according to strain direction. For this issue, a wearable heater with the same minimal resistance change regardless of the tension direction was developed using Peano curves and sinuous pattern structure. Lastly, by attaching to a human body model, the wearable heater with the circuit control system shows stable heating (52.64°C, with a standard deviation of 0.91°C) in actual motion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongmin Jeong
- Applied Nano and Thermal Science Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jinhyeok Oh
- Bio-Robotics and Control Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Hongchan Kim
- Applied Nano and Thermal Science Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Joonbum Bae
- Bio-Robotics and Control Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Seung Hwan Ko
- Applied Nano and Thermal Science Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Institute of Engineering Research/Institute of Advanced Machinery and Design (SNU-IAMD), Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
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11
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Jia X, Ma X, Zhao L, Xin M, Hao Y, Sun P, Wang C, Chao D, Liu F, Wang C, Lu G, Wallace G. A biocompatible and fully erodible conducting polymer enables implanted rechargeable Zn batteries. Chem Sci 2023; 14:2123-2130. [PMID: 36845924 PMCID: PMC9944696 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc06342e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Implanted rechargeable batteries that can provide energy over a sufficient lifetime and ultimately degrade into non-toxic byproducts are highly desirable. However, their advancement is significantly impeded by the limited toolbox of electrode materials with a known biodegradation profile and high cycling stability. Here we report biocompatible, erodible poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) grafted with hydrolyzable carboxylic acid pendants. This molecular arrangement combines the pseudocapacitive charge storage from the conjugated backbones and dissolution via hydrolyzable side chains. It demonstrates complete erosion under aqueous conditions in a pH-dependent manner with a predetermined lifetime. The compact rechargeable Zn battery with a gel electrolyte offers a specific capacity of 31.8 mA h g-1 (57% of theoretical capacity) and outstanding cycling stability (78% capacity retention over 4000 cycles at 0.5 A g-1). Subcutaneous implantation of this Zn battery into Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats demonstrates complete biodegradation in vivo and biocompatibility. This molecular engineering strategy presents a viable avenue for developing implantable conducting polymers with a predetermined degradation profile and high energy storage capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoteng Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
| | - Xuenan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
| | - Li Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
| | - Meiying Xin
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatric Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University130021China
| | - Yulei Hao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatric Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University130021China
| | - Peng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
| | - Chenguang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
| | - Danming Chao
- College of Chemistry, Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China
| | - Fangmeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
| | - Caiyun Wang
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM Faculty, University of Wollongong Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
| | - Geyu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University Changchun 130012 China .,International Center of Future Science, Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
| | - Gordon Wallace
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM Faculty, University of Wollongong Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
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12
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Gu C, Wang M, Zhang K, Li J, Lu YL, Cui Y, Zhang Y, Liu CS. A Full-Device Autonomous Self-Healing Stretchable Soft Battery from Self-Bonded Eutectogels. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2208392. [PMID: 36401607 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202208392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Next-generation energy storage devices should be soft, stretchable, and self-healable. Previously reported self-healable batteries mostly possess limited stretchability and rely on healable electrodes or electrolytes rather than achieving full-device self-healability. Herein, an all-component self-bonding strategy is reported to obtain an all-eutectogel soft battery (AESB) that simultaneously achieves full-cell autonomous self-healability and omnidirectional intrinsic stretchability (>1000% areal strain) over a broad temperature range (-20~60 °C). Without requiring any external stimulus, the five-layered soft battery can efficiently recover both its mechanical and electrochemical performance at full-cell level. The developed AESB can be easily configured into various 3D architectures with highly interfacial compatible eutectogel electrodes, electrolyte, and substrate, presenting an excellent opportunity for the development of embodied energy technologies. The present work provides a general and user-friendly soft electronic material platform for fabricating a variety of intrinsic self-healing stretchable multi-layered electronics, which are promising beyond the field of energy storage, such as displays, sensors, circuits, and soft robots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaonan Gu
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, P. R. China
| | - Mengke Wang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, P. R. China
| | - Kaihuang Zhang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Lin Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Yihan Cui
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, P. R. China
| | - Yunfei Zhang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Sen Liu
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, P. R. China
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13
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Haskew MJ, Nikman S, O'Sullivan CE, Galeb HA, Halcovitch NR, Hardy JG, Murphy ST. Mg/Zn metal‐air primary batteries using silk fibroin‐ionic liquid polymer electrolytes. NANO SELECT 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202200200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mathew J. Haskew
- School of Engineering Lancaster University Bailrigg Lancaster UK
- Department of Chemistry Lancaster University Faraday Building Bailrigg Lancaster UK
| | - Shahin Nikman
- Department of Chemistry Lancaster University Faraday Building Bailrigg Lancaster UK
| | - Carys E. O'Sullivan
- Department of Chemistry Lancaster University Faraday Building Bailrigg Lancaster UK
| | - Hanaa A. Galeb
- Department of Chemistry Lancaster University Faraday Building Bailrigg Lancaster UK
- Department of Chemistry Science and Arts College, Rabigh Campus King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia
| | - Nathan R. Halcovitch
- Department of Chemistry Lancaster University Faraday Building Bailrigg Lancaster UK
| | - John G. Hardy
- Department of Chemistry Lancaster University Faraday Building Bailrigg Lancaster UK
- Materials Science Institute Lancaster University Faraday Building, John Creed Avenue Bailrigg Lancaster UK
| | - Samuel T. Murphy
- School of Engineering Lancaster University Bailrigg Lancaster UK
- Materials Science Institute Lancaster University Faraday Building, John Creed Avenue Bailrigg Lancaster UK
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