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Yang Z, Zuo L, Luo B, Yang C, Wang SQ, Chew L, Zhu J, Zhang X. Designing Heterocyclic Covalent Organic Frameworks with Tunable Electronic Structures for Efficient Electrosynthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2403859. [PMID: 39030860 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202403859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
The electrocatalytic production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) through the two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e- ORR) has garnered significant research attention in recent years due to its numerous appealing advantages, such as being eco-friendly and exhibiting high energy conversion efficiency. Metal-free carbon materials with specific catalytic sites have been recognized as potential electrocatalysts for 2e- ORR; however, the design of highly efficient catalysts with well-defined structures and long-term stability for large-scale H2O2 production remains unsatisfactory. In this study, three covalent organic frameworks (COFs) - imine-linked LZU-1, oxazole-linked LZU-190, and thiazole-linked LZU-190(S), are successfully synthesized to explore their catalytic activity in electrocatalytic H2O2 production. Among these, the carbon sites LZU-190(S) are predominantly activated by the introduced adjacent heteroatoms via electronic effects, resulting in much higher H2O2 selectivity compared to the oxazole and imine linkages. This work provides new insights into developing COFs-based electrocatalysts for efficient H2O2 generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongjie Yang
- School of Chemistry and Materials, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Lulu Zuo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Bifu Luo
- School of Chemistry and Materials, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Caoyu Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Shi-Qiang Wang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Litian Chew
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Jun Zhu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138634, Singapore
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2
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Guo J, Du JY, Liu WQ, Huang G, Zhang XB. Revealing Hydrogen Bond Effect in Rechargeable Aqueous Zinc-Organic Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202406465. [PMID: 38705847 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202406465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
The surrounding hydrogen bond (H-bond) interaction around the active sites plays indispensable functions in enabling the organic electrode materials (OEMs) to fulfill their roles as ion reservoirs in aqueous zinc-organic batteries (ZOBs). Despite important, there are still no works could fully shed its real effects light on. Herein, quinone-based small molecules with a H-bond evolution model has been rationally selected to disclose the regulation and equilibration of H-bond interaction between OEMs, and OEM and the electrolyte. It has been found that only a suitable H-bond interaction could make the OEMs fully liberate their potential performance. Accordingly, the 2,5-diaminocyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (DABQ) with elaborately designed H-bond structure exhibits a capacity of 193.3 mAh g-1 at a record-high mass loading of 66.2 mg cm-2 and 100 % capacity retention after 1500 cycles at 5 A g-1. In addition, the DABQ//Zn battery also possesses air-rechargeable ability by utilizing the chemistry redox of proton. Our results put forward a specific pathway to precise utilization of H-bond to liberate the performance of OEMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, China
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Jia-Yi Du
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Wan-Qiang Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Gang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Xin-Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
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Lin C, Yang X, Zhai L, An S, Ma H, Fu Y, Han D, Xu Q, Huang N. Synergistic Modulating Interlayer Space and Electron-Transfer of Covalent Organic Frameworks for Oxygen Reduction Reaction. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2308143. [PMID: 38351655 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are an ideal template to construct high-efficiency catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) due to their predictable properties. However, the closely parallel-stacking manner and lacking intramolecular electron transfer ability of COFs limit atomic utilization efficiency and intrinsic activity. Herein, COFs are constructed with large interlayer distances and enhanced electronic transfer ability by side-chain functionalization. Long chains with electron-donating features not only enlarge interlayer distance, but also narrow the bandgap. The resulting DPPS-COF displays higher electrochemical surface areas to provide more exposed active sites, despite <1/10 surface areas. DPPS-COF exhibits excellent electrocatalytic ORR activity with half-wave potential of 0.85 V, which is 30 and 60 mV positive than those of Pt/C and DPP-COF, and is the record among the reported COFs. DPPS-COF is employed as cathode electrocatalyst for zinc-air battery with a maximum power density of 185.2 mW cm-2, which is superior to Pt/C. Theoretical calculation further reveals that longer electronic-donating chains not only facilitate the formation of intermediate OOH* from O2, but also promote intermediates desorption , and thus leading to higher activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Lin
- Henan Key Laboratory of Functional Salt Materials, Center for Advanced Materials Research, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450007, P. R. China
| | - Xiubei Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (SARI), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Lipeng Zhai
- Henan Key Laboratory of Functional Salt Materials, Center for Advanced Materials Research, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450007, P. R. China
| | - Shuhao An
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Huayun Ma
- Henan Key Laboratory of Functional Salt Materials, Center for Advanced Materials Research, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450007, P. R. China
| | - Yubin Fu
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Diandian Han
- Henan Key Laboratory of Functional Salt Materials, Center for Advanced Materials Research, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450007, P. R. China
| | - Qing Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (SARI), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Ning Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
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Cheng R, He X, Li K, Ran B, Zhang X, Qin Y, He G, Li H, Fu C. Rational Design of Organic Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen and Oxygen Electrocatalytic Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2402184. [PMID: 38458150 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202402184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Efficient electrocatalysts are pivotal for advancing green energy conversion technologies. Organic electrocatalysts, as cost-effective alternatives to noble-metal benchmarks, have garnered attention. However, the understanding of the relationships between their properties and electrocatalytic activities remains ambiguous. Plenty of research articles regarding low-cost organic electrocatalysts started to gain momentum in 2010 and have been flourishing recently though, a review article for both entry-level and experienced researchers in this field is still lacking. This review underscores the urgent need to elucidate the structure-activity relationship and design suitable electrode structures, leveraging the unique features of organic electrocatalysts like controllability and compatibility for real-world applications. Organic electrocatalysts are classified into four groups: small molecules, oligomers, polymers, and frameworks, with specific structural and physicochemical properties serving as activity indicators. To unlock the full potential of organic electrocatalysts, five strategies are discussed: integrated structures, surface property modulation, membrane technologies, electrolyte affinity regulation, and addition of anticorrosion species, all aimed at enhancing charge efficiency, mass transfer, and long-term stability during electrocatalytic reactions. The review offers a comprehensive overview of the current state of organic electrocatalysts and their practical applications, bridging the understanding gap and paving the way for future developments of more efficient green energy conversion technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqi Cheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqian He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Kaiqi Li
- Christopher Ingold Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Biao Ran
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Xinlong Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yonghong Qin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Guanjie He
- Christopher Ingold Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Huanxin Li
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, UK
- Electrochemical Innovation Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, London, WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - Chaopeng Fu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
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Lv M, Cui CX, Huang N, Wu M, Wang Q, Gao T, Zheng Y, Li H, Liu W, Huang Y, Ma T, Ye L. Precisely Engineering Asymmetric Atomic CoN 4 by Electron Donating and Extracting for Oxygen Reduction Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202315802. [PMID: 38453646 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
The development of nonpyrolytic catalysts featuring precisely defined active sites represents an effective strategy for investigating the fundamental relationship between the catalytic activity of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts and their local coordination environments. In this study, we have synthesized a series of model electrocatalysts with well-defined CoN4 centers and nonplanar symmetric coordination structures. These catalysts were prepared by a sequential process involving the chelation of cobalt salts and 1,10-phenanthroline-based ligands with various substituent groups (phen(X), where X=OH, CH3, H, Br, Cl) onto covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs). By modulating the electron-donating or electron-withdrawing properties of the substituent groups on the phen-based ligands, the electron density surrounding the CoN4 centers was effectively controlled. Our results demonstrated a direct correlation between the catalytic activity of the CoN4 centers and the electron-donating ability of the substituent group on the phenanthroline ligands. Notably, the catalyst denoted as BCTF-Co-phen(OH), featuring the electron-donating OH group, exhibited the highest ORR catalytic activity. This custom-crafted catalyst achieved a remarkable half-wave potential of up to 0.80 V vs. RHE and an impressive turnover frequency (TOF) value of 47.4×10-3 Hz at 0.80 V vs. RHE in an alkaline environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Lv
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Cheng-Xing Cui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Computational Chemistry, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Niu Huang
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Mingzhu Wu
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Qiao Wang
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Tao Gao
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Yong Zheng
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Hui Li
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Yingping Huang
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Tianyi Ma
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Liqun Ye
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
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Yang X, Fu Y, Liu M, Zheng S, Li X, Xu Q, Zeng G. Solvent Effects on Metal-free Covalent Organic Frameworks in Oxygen Reduction Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319247. [PMID: 38381931 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Binding water molecules to polar sites in covalent organic frameworks (COFs) is inevitable, but the corresponding solvent effects in electrocatalytic process have been largely overlooked. Herein, we investigate the solvent effects on COFs for catalyzing the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Our designed COFs incorporated different kinds of nitrogen atoms (imine N, pyridine N, and phenazine N), enabling tunable interactions with water molecules. These interactions play a crucial role in modulating electronic states and altering the catalytic centers within the COFs. Among the synthesized COFs, the one with pyridine N atoms exhibits the highest activity, with characterized by a half-wave potential of 0.78 V and a mass activity of 0.32 A mg-1, which surpass those from other metal-free COFs. Theoretical calculations further reveal that the enhanced activity can be attributed to the stronger binding ability of *OOH intermediates to the carbon atoms adjacent to the pyridine N sites. This work sheds light on the significance of considering solvent effects on COFs in electrocatalytic systems, providing valuable insights into their design and optimization for improved performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiubei Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (SARI), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yubin Fu
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, 01062, Germany
| | - Minghao Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (SARI), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (SARI), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xuewen Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (SARI), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qing Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (SARI), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Gaofeng Zeng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (SARI), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Wang Q, Wang C, Zheng K, Wang B, Wang Z, Zhang C, Long X. Positional Thiophene Isomerization: A Geometric Strategy for Precisely Regulating the Electronic State of Covalent Organic Frameworks to Boost Oxygen Reduction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202320037. [PMID: 38348605 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202320037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
With the oxygen conversion efficiency of metal-free carbon-based fuel cells dramatically improved, the building blocks of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) raised principal concerns on the catalytic active sites with indistinct electronic states. Herein, to address this issue, we demonstrate COFs for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) by regulating the edge-hanging thiophene units, and the molecular geometries are further modulated via positional thiophene isomerization strategy, affording isomeric COF-α with 2-substitution and COF-β with 3-substitution on the frameworks. The electronic states and intermediate adsorption ability are well-regulated through geometric modification, resulting in controllable chemical activity and local density of π-electrons. Notably, the introduction of thiophene units with different substitution positions into a pristine pure carbon-based COF model COF-Ph achieves excellent activity with a half-wave potential of 0.76 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode, which is higher than most of those metal-free or metal-based electrocatalysts. Utilizing the combination of theoretical prediction and in situ Raman spectra, we show that the isomeric thiophene skeleton (COF-α and COF-β) can induce the dangling unit activation, accurately identifying the pentacyclic-carbon (thiophene α-position) adjacent to sulfur atom as active sites. The results suggest that the isomeric dangling groups in COFs are suitable for the ORR with promising geometry construction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological textiles, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological textiles, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Kunpeng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological textiles, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Binbin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological textiles, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Zhong Wang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, P. R. China
| | - Chuanhui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological textiles, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojing Long
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological textiles, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
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Yang X, Li X, Liu M, Yang S, Xu Q, Zeng G. Confined Synthesis of Dual-Atoms Within Pores of Covalent Organic Frameworks for Oxygen Reduction Reaction. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2306295. [PMID: 37992255 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202306295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Dual-atom catalysts exhibit higher reactivity and selectivity than the single-atom catalysts. The pyrolysis of bimetal salt precursors is the most typical method for synthesizing dual-atomic catalysts; however, the finiteness of bimetal salts limits the variety of dual-atomic catalysts. In this study, a confined synthesis strategy for synthesizing dual-atomic catalysts is developed. Owing to the in situ synthesis of zeolitic imidazolate frameworks in the pores of covalent organic frameworks (COFs), the migration and aggregation of metal atoms are suppressed adequately during the pyrolysis process. The resultant catalyst contains abundant Zn─Co dual atomic sites with 2.8 wt.% Zn and 0.5 wt.% Co. The catalyst exhibits high reactivity toward oxygen reduction reaction with a half-wave potential of 0.86 V, which is superior to that of the commercial Pt/C catalyst. Theoretical calculations reveal that the Zn atoms in the Zn─Co dual atomic sites promote the formation of intermediate OOH*, and thus contribute to high catalytic performance. This study provides new insights into the design of dual-atom catalysts using COFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiubei Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (SARI), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xuewen Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (SARI), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Minghao Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (SARI), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (SARI), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
| | - Qing Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (SARI), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Gaofeng Zeng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (SARI), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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9
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Yang X, An Q, Li X, Fu Y, Yang S, Liu M, Xu Q, Zeng G. Charging modulation of the pyridine nitrogen of covalent organic frameworks for promoting oxygen reduction reaction. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1889. [PMID: 38424127 PMCID: PMC10904383 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46291-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are ideal templates for constructing metal-free catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction due to their highly tuneable skeletons and controllable porous channels. However, the development of highly active sites within COFs remains challenging due to their limited electron-transfer capabilities and weak binding affinities for reaction intermediates. Herein, we constructed highly active catalytic centres by modulating the electronic states of the pyridine nitrogen atoms incorporated into the frameworks of COFs. By incorporating different pyridine units (such as pyridine, ionic pyridine, and ionic imidazole units), we tuned various properties including dipole moments, reductive ability, hydrophilicity, and binding affinities towards reaction intermediates. Notably, the ionic imidazole COF (im-PY-BPY-COF) exhibited greater activity than the neutral COF (PY-BPY-COF) and ionic pyridine COF (ion-PY-BPY-COF). Specifically, im-PY-BPY-COF demonstrated a half-wave potential of 0.80 V in 0.1 M KOH, outperforming other metal-free COFs. Theoretical calculations and in situ synchrotron radiation Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed that the carbon atoms in the ionic imidazole rings improved the activity by facilitating binding of the intermediate OOH* and promoting the desorption of OH*. This study provides new insights into the design of highly active metal-like COF catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiubei Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (SARI), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Shanghai, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qizheng An
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei, Hefei, 230029, P.R. China
| | - Xuewen Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (SARI), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Shanghai, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yubin Fu
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden Dresden, Dresden, 01062, Germany.
| | - Shuai Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (SARI), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Shanghai, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
| | - Minghao Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (SARI), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Shanghai, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
| | - Qing Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (SARI), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Shanghai, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China.
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China.
| | - Gaofeng Zeng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (SARI), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Shanghai, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China.
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China.
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Guo W, Yu L, Tang L, Wan Y, Lin Y. Recent Advances in Mechanistic Understanding of Metal-Free Carbon Thermocatalysis and Electrocatalysis with Model Molecules. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2024; 16:125. [PMID: 38376726 PMCID: PMC10879078 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-023-01262-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Metal-free carbon, as the most representative heterogeneous metal-free catalysts, have received considerable interests in electro- and thermo-catalytic reactions due to their impressive performance and sustainability. Over the past decade, well-designed carbon catalysts with tunable structures and heteroatom groups coupled with various characterization techniques have proposed numerous reaction mechanisms. However, active sites, key intermediate species, precise structure-activity relationships and dynamic evolution processes of carbon catalysts are still rife with controversies due to the monotony and limitation of used experimental methods. In this Review, we summarize the extensive efforts on model catalysts since the 2000s, particularly in the past decade, to overcome the influences of material and structure limitations in metal-free carbon catalysis. Using both nanomolecule model and bulk model, the real contribution of each alien species, defect and edge configuration to a series of fundamentally important reactions, such as thermocatalytic reactions, electrocatalytic reactions, were systematically studied. Combined with in situ techniques, isotope labeling and size control, the detailed reaction mechanisms, the precise 2D structure-activity relationships and the rate-determining steps were revealed at a molecular level. Furthermore, the outlook of model carbon catalysis has also been proposed in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, People's Republic of China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Linhui Yu
- Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, People's Republic of China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, People's Republic of China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangming Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, People's Republic of China.
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Song W, Sun J, Wang Q, Wu H, Zheng K, Wang B, Wang Z, Long X. n-Type boron β-diketone-containing conjugated polymers for high-performance room temperature ammonia sensors. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:1023-1031. [PMID: 38054828 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh01596c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Organic semiconductor (OSC) gas sensors with good mechanical flexibility have received considerable attention as commercial and wearable devices. However, due to poor resistance to moisture and low conductivity, the improvement in the sensing capability of individual OSCs is limited. Reported here is a promising pathway to construct a series of conjugated organic polymers (COPs) with well-defined pyrimidine (Py-COP) or boron β-diketone (BF-COP) units. Unlike traditional metal- or carbon-based hybrid materials, the developed COPs can provide abundant absorption sites for gaseous analytes. As a result, the as-prepared BF-COP results in an excellent sensing response of over 1500 (Ra/Rg) toward 40 ppm of NH3 at room temperature, which is the highest value among those of pristine COPs as n-type sensing materials. Notably, they can maintain their initial sensing responses for two months and 90% relative humidity resistance. Combining the results of in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and theoretical calculations, the β-diketone skeleton is found to activate the surface electronic environment, verifying that the electron-deficient B ← O groups are adsorption centers. The B/N-heterocyclic decoration effectively modulates the redox properties and electronic interactions, as well as perturbs charge transfer in typical π-conjugated COPs. These results offer insight into developing highly efficient OSC gas sensors, which potentially have broadened sensing applications in the areas of organoboron chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weichen Song
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological Textiles, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China.
| | - Jiankun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological Textiles, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China.
| | - Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological Textiles, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China.
| | - Han Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological Textiles, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China.
| | - Kunpeng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological Textiles, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China.
| | - Binbin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological Textiles, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China.
| | - Zhong Wang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojing Long
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological Textiles, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China.
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12
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Cui X, Wu M, Liu X, He B, Zhu Y, Jiang Y, Yang Y. Engineering organic polymers as emerging sustainable materials for powerful electrocatalysts. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:1447-1494. [PMID: 38164808 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00727h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Cost-effective and high-efficiency catalysts play a central role in various sustainable electrochemical energy conversion technologies that are being developed to generate clean energy while reducing carbon emissions, such as fuel cells, metal-air batteries, water electrolyzers, and carbon dioxide conversion. In this context, a recent climax in the exploitation of advanced earth-abundant catalysts has been witnessed for diverse electrochemical reactions involved in the above mentioned sustainable pathways. In particular, polymer catalysts have garnered considerable interest and achieved substantial progress very recently, mainly owing to their pyrolysis-free synthesis, highly tunable molecular composition and microarchitecture, readily adjustable electrical conductivity, and high stability. In this review, we present a timely and comprehensive overview of the latest advances in organic polymers as emerging materials for powerful electrocatalysts. First, we present the general principles for the design of polymer catalysts in terms of catalytic activity, electrical conductivity, mass transfer, and stability. Then, the state-of-the-art engineering strategies to tailor the polymer catalysts at both molecular (i.e., heteroatom and metal atom engineering) and macromolecular (i.e., chain, topology, and composition engineering) levels are introduced. Particular attention is paid to the insightful understanding of structure-performance correlations and electrocatalytic mechanisms. The fundamentals behind these critical electrochemical reactions, including the oxygen reduction reaction, hydrogen evolution reaction, CO2 reduction reaction, oxygen evolution reaction, and hydrogen oxidation reaction, as well as breakthroughs in polymer catalysts, are outlined as well. Finally, we further discuss the current challenges and suggest new opportunities for the rational design of advanced polymer catalysts. By presenting the progress, engineering strategies, insightful understandings, challenges, and perspectives, we hope this review can provide valuable guidelines for the future development of polymer catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Cui
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China.
| | - Mingjie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China.
| | - Xueqin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China.
| | - Bing He
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China.
| | - Yunhai Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China.
| | - Yalong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China.
| | - Yingkui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China.
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13
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Wang T, Liu Y, Dong J, Wang Y, Li D, Long X, Wang B, Xia Y. Preparation of high-strength photochromic alginate fibers based on the study of flame-retardant properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:128889. [PMID: 38123039 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Color-changing fibers have attracted much attention for their wide applications in camouflage, security warnings, and anti-counterfeiting. The inorganic color-changing material tungsten trioxide (WO3) has been widely investigated for its good stability, controllability, and ease of synthesis. In this study, photochromic alginate fibers (WO3@Ca-Alg) were prepared by incorporating UV-responsive hybrid tungsten trioxide nanoparticles in the fiber production process. The prepared photochromic alginate fibers changed from white to dark blue after 30 min of UV irradiation and returned to their original color after 64 h. It can be seen that WO3@Ca-Alg has the advantage of long color duration. The strength of this fiber reached 2.61 cN/dtex and the limiting oxygen index (LOI) was 40.9 %, which indicates that the fiber exhibited mechanical resistance and flame-retardant properties. After the cross-linking of WO3@Ca-Alg by sodium tetraborate, a new core-shell structure was generated, which was able to encapsulate tungsten trioxide in it, thus reducing the amount of tungsten trioxide loss, and its salt and washing resistance was greatly improved. This photochromic alginate fiber can be mass produced and spun into yarn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Bio-based Fibers and Ecological Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Yongjiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Bio-based Fibers and Ecological Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Jinfeng Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Bio-based Fibers and Ecological Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Bio-based Fibers and Ecological Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Daohao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Bio-based Fibers and Ecological Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Xiaojing Long
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Bio-based Fibers and Ecological Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
| | - Bingbing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Bio-based Fibers and Ecological Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
| | - Yanzhi Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Bio-based Fibers and Ecological Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China
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14
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Li X, Yang S, Xu Q. Metal-Free Covalent Organic Frameworks for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202302997. [PMID: 37823329 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is the key reaction in metal air and fuel cells. Among the catalysts that promote ORR, carbon-based metal-free catalysts are getting more attention because of their maximum atom utilization, effective active sites and satisfactory catalytic activity and stability. However, the pyrolysis synthesis of these carbons resulted in disordered porosities and uncontrolled catalytic sites, which hindered us in realizing the catalysts' design, the optimization of catalyst performance and the elucidation of structure-property relationship at the molecular level. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) constructed with designable building blocks have been employed as metal-free electrocatalysts for the ORR due to their controlled skeletons, tailored pores size and environments, as well as well-defined location and kinds of catalytic sites. In this Concept article, the development of metal-free COFs for the ORR is summarized, and different strategies including skeletons regulation, linkages engineering and edge-sites modulation to improve the catalytic selectivity and activity are discussed. Furthermore, this Concept provides prospectives for designing and constructing powerful electrocatalysts based on the catalytic COFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewen Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (SARI), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 201210, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Yang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, 201210, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Qing Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (SARI), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 201210, Shanghai, P. R. China
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15
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Liu J, Zhao J, Li C, Liu Y, Li D, Li H, Valtchev V, Qiu S, Wang Y, Fang Q. Precise Modulation of Carbon Activity Sites in Metal-Free Covalent Organic Frameworks for Enhanced Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysis. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2305759. [PMID: 37700638 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202305759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Metal-free carbon-based materials have gained recognition as potential electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in new environmentally-friendly electrochemical energy conversion technologies. The presence of effective active centers is crucial for achieving productive ORR. In this study, we present the synthesis of two metal-free dibenzo[a,c]phenazine-based covalent organic frameworks (DBP-COFs), specifically JUC-650 and JUC-651, which serve as ORR electrocatalysts. Among them, JUC-650 demonstrates exceptional catalytic performance for ORR in alkaline electrolytes, exhibiting an onset potential of 0.90 V versus RHE and a half-wave potential of 0.72 V versus RHE. Consequently, JUC-650 stands out as one of the most outstanding metal-free COF-based ORR electrocatalysts report to date. Experimental investigations and density functional theory calculations confirm that modulation of the frameworks' electronic configuration allows for the reduction of adsorption energy at the Schiff-base carbon active sites, leading to more efficient ORR processes. Moreover, the DBP-COFs can be assembled as excellent air cathode catalysts for zinc-air batteries (ZAB), rivaling the performance of commercial Pt/C. This study provides valuable insights for the development of efficient metal-free organoelectrocatalysts through precise regulation of active site strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianchuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Jie Zhao
- SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Cuiyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yaozu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Daohao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Valentin Valtchev
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Songling Road, Laoshan District, Qingdao, Shandong, 266101, P. R. China
- Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, Laboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie, 6 Marechal Juin, Caen, 14050, France
| | - Shilun Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yujie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Qianrong Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
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Gu Q, Lu X, Chen C, Hu R, Wang X, Sun G, Kang F, Yang J, Wang X, Wu J, Li YY, Peng YK, Qin W, Han Y, Liu X, Zhang Q. Thermally Induced Persistent Covalent-Organic Frameworks Radicals. ACS NANO 2023. [PMID: 38014811 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c08313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Persistent covalent-organic framework (COF) radicals hold important applications in magnetics and spintronics; however, their facile synthesis remains a daunting challenge. Here, three p-phenylenediacetonitrile-based COFs (named CityU-4, CityU-5, and CityU-6) were synthesized. Upon heat treatment (250 °C for CityU-4 and CityU-5 or 220 °C for CityU-6), these frameworks were brought into their persistent radical forms (no obvious changes after at least one year), together with several observable factors, including color changes, red-shifted absorption, the appearance of electron spin resonance (ESR) signals, and detectable magnetic susceptibility. The theoretical simulation suggests that after heat treatment, lower total energy and nonzero spin density are two main factors to guarantee persistent COFs radicals and polarized spin distributions. This work provides an efficient method for the preparation of persistent COF radicals with promising potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianfeng Gu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue 83, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Xiangqian Lu
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Cailing Chen
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials (AMPM) Center, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Ab-dullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Renjie Hu
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue 83, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Guohan Sun
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue 83, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Fangyuan Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue 83, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Jinglun Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue 83, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue 83, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Jinghang Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue 83, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Yang Yang Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue 83, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Yung-Kang Peng
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue 83, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Wei Qin
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Yu Han
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials (AMPM) Center, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Ab-dullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- Department of Chemistry and the N.1 Institute for Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Qichun Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue 83, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry & Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue 83, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue 83, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
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17
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Wang B, Wang X, Wang B, Dong CL, Huang YC, Yang M, Liu Y, Zhu Y, Long X, Yang D, Xia Y. Tuning Electronic State and Charge Transport in B←N-Containing 2D Polymer Heterostructures with Efficient Photocatalytic Performance. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2300409. [PMID: 37317015 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Linear-conjugated polymers (LCPs) are excellent semiconductor photocatalysts. However, its inherent amorphous structures and simple electron transport channels restrict efficient photoexcited charge separation and transfer. Herein, "2D conjugated engineering" is employed to design high-crystalline polymer photocatalysts with multichannel charge transport by introducing alkoxyphenyl sidechains. The electronic state structure and electron transport pathways of the LCPs are investigated using experimental and theoretical calculations. Consequently, the 2D B←N-containing polymers (2DPBN) exhibit excellent photoelectric characteristics, which enable the efficient separation of electron-hole and rapidly transfer photogenerated carriers to the catalyst surface for efficient catalytic reactions. Significantly, the further hydrogen evolution of 2DPBN-4F heterostructures can be achieved by increasing the fluorine content of the backbones. This study highlights that the rational design of LCP photocatalysts is an effective strategy to spur further interest in photofunctional polymer material applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological Textiles, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Coatings, Marine Chemical Research Institute Co., Ltd., Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Bingbing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological Textiles, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Chung-Li Dong
- Department of Physics, Tamkang University, Tamsui, 25137, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Huang
- Department of Physics, Tamkang University, Tamsui, 25137, Taiwan
| | - Mengfei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological Textiles, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Yiming Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, P. R. China
| | - Yukun Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojing Long
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological Textiles, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Dongjiang Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Yanzhi Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological Textiles, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
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18
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Mou X, Xin X, Dong Y, Zhao B, Gao R, Liu T, Li N, Liu H, Xiao Z. Molecular Design of Porous Organic Polymer-Derived Carbonaceous Electrocatalysts for Pinpointing Active Sites in Oxygen Reduction Reaction. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104160. [PMID: 37241900 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The widespread application of fuel cells is hampered by the sluggish kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), which traditionally necessitates the use of high-cost platinum group metal catalysts. The indispensability of these metal catalysts stems from their ability to overcome kinetic barriers, but their high cost and scarcity necessitate alternative strategies. In this context, porous organic polymers (POPs), which are built up from the molecular level, are emerging as promising precursors to produce carbonaceous catalysts owning to their cost-effectiveness, high electrical conductivity, abundant active sites and extensive surface area accessibility. To enhance the intrinsic ORR activity and optimize the performance of these electrocatalysts, recognizing, designing, and increasing the density of active sites are identified as three crucial steps. These steps, which form the core of our review, serve to elucidate the link between the material structure design and ORR performance evaluation, thereby providing valuable insights for ongoing research in the field. Leveraging the precision of polymer skeletons based on molecular units, POP-derived carbonaceous catalysts provide an excellent platform for in-depth exploration of the role and working mechanism for the specific active site during the ORR process. In this review, the recent advances pertaining to the synthesis techniques and electrochemical functions of various types of active sites, pinpointed from POPs, are systematically summarized, including heteroatoms, surficial substituents and edge/defects. Notably, the structure-property relationship, between these active sites and ORR performance, are discussed and emphasized, which creates guidelines to shed light on the design of high-performance ORR electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Mou
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Xiaoyu Xin
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Yanli Dong
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Runze Gao
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Tianao Liu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Huimin Liu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Zhichang Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
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Cao Q, Wan L, Xu Z, Kuang W, Liu H, Zhang X, Zhang W, Lu Y, Yao Y, Wang B, Liu K. A Fluorinated Covalent Organic Framework with Accelerated Oxygen Transfer Nanochannels for High-Performance Zinc-Air Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2210550. [PMID: 36745936 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202210550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The establishment of abundant three-phase interfaces with accelerated mass transfer in air cathodes is highly desirable for the development of high-rate and long-cycling rechargeable zinc-air batteries (ZABs). Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) exhibit tailored nanopore structures, facilitating the rational tuning of their specific properties. Here, by finely tuning the fluorinated nanopores of a COF, a novel air cathode for rechargeable ZABs is unprecedentedly designed and synthesized. COF nanosheets are decorated with fluorinated alkyl chains, which shows high affinity to oxygen (O2 ), in its nanopores (fluorinated COF). The fluorinated COF nanosheets are stacked into well-defined O2 -transport channels, which are then assembled into aerophilic "nano-islands" on the hydrophilic FeNi layered-double-hydroxide (FeNi LDH) electrocatalyst surface. Therefore, the mass-transport "highway" for O2 and water is segregated on the nanoscale, which significantly enlarges the area of three-phase boundaries and greatly promotes the mass-transfer therein. ZABs based on the COF-modified air cathode deliver a small charge/discharge voltage gap (0.64 V at 5 mA cm-2 ), a peak power density (118 mW cm-2 ), and a stable cyclability. This work provides a feasible approach for the design of the air cathodes for high-performance ZABs, and will expand the new application of COFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingbin Cao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Lei Wan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Ziang Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Wenmin Kuang
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Weili Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yang Lu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yujian Yao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Baoguo Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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Zhao Z, Wang B, You Z, Zhang Q, Song W, Long X. Heterocyclic Modulated Electronic States of Alkynyl-Containing Conjugated Microporous Polymers for Efficient Oxygen Reduction. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2207298. [PMID: 36703530 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is a key process in green energy conversion technology. Heteroatom doping has been proven to be a prospective strategy to prepare metal-free carbon-based electrocatalysts, but such methods often suffer from uncontrollable catalyst frameworks and imprecise active sites. Herein, an organic heterocyclic strategy is adopted to modulate the charge redistribution of alkynyl-containing conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) by introducing varied five-membered heterocyclic structures. Among these CMPs, the S, 2N-containing thiadiazole heterocyclic molecule (CMP-Tdz) with carbonized alginate materials (CCA ) displays a remarkable quasi-four-electron-transfer ORR pathway, exhibiting an excellent half-wave potential (E1/2 ) of 0.77 V, coupled with superior methanol tolerance and electrochemical stability, which are among the highest performance in the metal-free organic catalytic material systems. Density functional theory calculations prove that the high catalytic performance of these catalysts originates from the sp-hybridized C atom (site-2) which is activated by their adjacent heterocyclic structures. Importantly, the five-membered heterocyclic structures can also modulate the local charge distribution, and increase dipole moment, with significantly improved catalytic kinetics. This incorporation of chemically designed heterocyclic-containing alkynyl-CMPs provides a new approach to developing efficient metal-free carbon-based electrocatalysts for fuel cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological textiles, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Binbin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological textiles, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Zhihu You
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological textiles, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Qiankun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological textiles, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Weichen Song
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological textiles, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojing Long
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological textiles, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
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