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Yang Y, Song Z, Tian T, Zhao Z, Chen J, Hu J, Jiang X, Yang G, Xue Q, Zhao X, Sha W, Yang Y, Li JP. Trimming Crystallizable Fragment (Fc) Glycans Enables the Direct Enzymatic Transfer of Biomacromolecules to Antibodies as Therapeutics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202308174. [PMID: 37438983 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202308174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Glycoengineering has provided powerful tools to construct site-specific antibody conjugates. However, only small-molecule payloads can be directly transferred to native or engineered antibodies using existing glycoengineering strategies. Herein, we demonstrate that reducing the complexity of crystallizable fragment (Fc) glycans could dramatically boost the chemoenzymatic modification of immunoglobulin G (IgG) via an engineered fucosyltransferase. In this platform, antibodies with Fc glycans engineered to a simple N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc) disaccharide are successfully conjugated to biomacromolecules, such as oligonucleotides and nanobodies, in a single step within hours. Accordingly, we synthesized an antibody-conjugate-based anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)/ cluster of differentiation 3 (CD3) bispecific antibody and used it to selectively destroy patient-derived cancer organoids by reactivating endogenous T lymphocyte cells (T cells) inside the organoid. Our results highlight that this platform is a general approach to construct antibody-biomacromolecule conjugates with translational values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Zhentao Song
- Glyco therapy Biotechnology Co., Ltd., 601/606 Building 12, Hangzhou Pharmaceutical Town, 291 Fucheng Road, Xiasha street, Qiantang Distirct, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Tian Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Zihan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ji Chen
- Glyco therapy Biotechnology Co., Ltd., 601/606 Building 12, Hangzhou Pharmaceutical Town, 291 Fucheng Road, Xiasha street, Qiantang Distirct, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Jiangping Hu
- Glyco therapy Biotechnology Co., Ltd., 601/606 Building 12, Hangzhou Pharmaceutical Town, 291 Fucheng Road, Xiasha street, Qiantang Distirct, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Glyco therapy Biotechnology Co., Ltd., 601/606 Building 12, Hangzhou Pharmaceutical Town, 291 Fucheng Road, Xiasha street, Qiantang Distirct, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Guoli Yang
- Glyco therapy Biotechnology Co., Ltd., 601/606 Building 12, Hangzhou Pharmaceutical Town, 291 Fucheng Road, Xiasha street, Qiantang Distirct, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Qi Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Xinlu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Wanxing Sha
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Glyco therapy Biotechnology Co., Ltd., 601/606 Building 12, Hangzhou Pharmaceutical Town, 291 Fucheng Road, Xiasha street, Qiantang Distirct, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Jie P Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
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Fu J, Fu H, Xia Y, N'Go I, Cao J, Pan W, Vincent SP. Identification of inhibitors of UDP-galactopyranose mutase via combinatorial in situ screening. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:1818-1826. [PMID: 33565547 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00138h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
An in situ screening assay for UDP-galactopyranose mutase (UGM, an essential enzyme of M. tuberculosis cell wall biosynthesis) has been developed to discover novel UGM inhibitors. The approach is based on the amide-forming reaction of an amino acid core with various cinnamic acids, followed by a direct fluorescence polarization assay to identify the best UGM binders without isolation and purification of the screened ligands. This assay allows us to perform one-pot high-throughput synthesis and screening of enzyme inhibitors in a 384-well plate format. UGM ligands were successfully identified by this technology and their inhibition levels were established from pure synthetic compounds in vitro and in a whole cell antibacterial assay. This study provides a blueprint for designing enamide structures as new UGM inhibitors and anti-mycobacterial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Fu
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China and Department of Chemistry, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium. and The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China
| | - Huixiao Fu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium.
| | - Yufen Xia
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Inès N'Go
- Department of Chemistry, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium.
| | - Jun Cao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium.
| | - Weidong Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China
| | - Stéphane P Vincent
- Department of Chemistry, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium.
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Tvaroška I, Selvaraj C, Koča J. Selectins-The Two Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Faces of Adhesion Molecules-A Review. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25122835. [PMID: 32575485 PMCID: PMC7355470 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25122835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Selectins belong to a group of adhesion molecules that fulfill an essential role in immune and inflammatory responses and tissue healing. Selectins are glycoproteins that decode the information carried by glycan structures, and non-covalent interactions of selectins with these glycan structures mediate biological processes. The sialylated and fucosylated tetrasaccharide sLex is an essential glycan recognized by selectins. Several glycosyltransferases are responsible for the biosynthesis of the sLex tetrasaccharide. Selectins are involved in a sequence of interactions of circulated leukocytes with endothelial cells in the blood called the adhesion cascade. Recently, it has become evident that cancer cells utilize a similar adhesion cascade to promote metastases. However, like Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde’s two faces, selectins also contribute to tissue destruction during some infections and inflammatory diseases. The most prominent function of selectins is associated with the initial stage of the leukocyte adhesion cascade, in which selectin binding enables tethering and rolling. The first adhesive event occurs through specific non-covalent interactions between selectins and their ligands, with glycans functioning as an interface between leukocytes or cancer cells and the endothelium. Targeting these interactions remains a principal strategy aimed at developing new therapies for the treatment of immune and inflammatory disorders and cancer. In this review, we will survey the significant contributions to and the current status of the understanding of the structure of selectins and the role of selectins in various biological processes. The potential of selectins and their ligands as therapeutic targets in chronic and acute inflammatory diseases and cancer will also be discussed. We will emphasize the structural characteristic of selectins and the catalytic mechanisms of glycosyltransferases involved in the biosynthesis of glycan recognition determinants. Furthermore, recent achievements in the synthesis of selectin inhibitors will be reviewed with a focus on the various strategies used for the development of glycosyltransferase inhibitors, including substrate analog inhibitors and transition state analog inhibitors, which are based on knowledge of the catalytic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Tvaroška
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84538 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
- Correspondence: (I.T.); (J.K.); Tel.: +421-948-535-601 (I.T.); +420-731-682-606 (J.K.)
| | - Chandrabose Selvaraj
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Koča
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: (I.T.); (J.K.); Tel.: +421-948-535-601 (I.T.); +420-731-682-606 (J.K.)
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Seelhorst K, Piernitzki T, Lunau N, Meier C, Hahn U. Synthesis and analysis of potential α1,3-fucosyltransferase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:6430-7. [PMID: 25438767 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Revised: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Fucosyltransferases catalyze the transfer of l-fucose from an activated GDP-β-l-fucose to various acceptor molecules such as N-acetyllactosamine. Frequently fucosylation is the final step within the glycosylation machinery, and the resulting glycans are involved in various cellular processes such as cell-cell recognition, adhesion and inflammation or tumor metastasis. The selective blocking of these interactions would thus be a potential promising therapeutic strategy. The syntheses and analyses of various potential α1,3-fucosyltransferase inhibitors derived from GDP-β-l-fucose containing a triazole linker unit is summarized and the observed inhibitory effect was compared with that of small molecules such as GDP or fucose. To examine their specificity and selectivity, all inhibitors were tested with human α1,3-fucosyltransferase IX and Helicobacter pylori α1,3-fucosyltransferase, which is to date the only α1,3-fucosyltransferase with a known high resolution structure. Specific inhibitors which inhibit either H. pylori α1,3-fucosyltransferase or human fucosyltransferase IX with Ki values in the micromolar range were identified. In that regard, acetylated GDP-galactose derivative Ac-3 turned out to inhibit H. pylori α1,3-fucosyltransferase but not human fucosyltransferase IX, whereas GDP-6-amino-β-l-fucose 17 showed an appreciably better inhibitory effect on fucosyltransferase IX activity than on that of H. pylori fucosyltransferase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Seelhorst
- Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Hamburg University, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tomas Piernitzki
- Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Hamburg University, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nathalie Lunau
- Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Hamburg University, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Chris Meier
- Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Hamburg University, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Ulrich Hahn
- Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Hamburg University, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.
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Tu Z, Lin YN, Lin CH. Development of fucosyltransferase and fucosidase inhibitors. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:4459-75. [PMID: 23588106 DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60056d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
L-Fucose-containing glycoconjugates are essential for a myriad of physiological and pathological activities, such as inflammation, bacterial and viral infections, tumor metastasis, and genetic disorders. Fucosyltransferases and fucosidases, the main enzymes involved in the incorporation and cleavage of L-fucose residues, respectively, represent captivating targets for therapeutic treatment and diagnosis. We herein review the important breakthroughs in the development of fucosyltransferase and fucosidase inhibitors. To demonstrate how the synthesized small molecules interact with the target enzymes, i.e. delineation of the structure-activity relationship, we cover the reaction mechanisms and resolved X-ray crystal structures, discuss how this information guides the design of enzyme inhibitors, and explain how the molecules were optimized to achieve satisfying potency and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijay Tu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry and Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, No.128 Academia Road Section 2, Nan-Kang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
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