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Okada T, Teramoto T, Ihara H, Ikeda Y, Kakuta Y. Crystal structure of mango α1,3/α1,4- fucosyltransferase elucidates unique elements that regulate Lewis A-dominant oligosaccharide assembly. Glycobiology 2024; 34:cwae015. [PMID: 38376259 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwae015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
In various organisms, α1,3/α1,4-fucosyltransferases (CAZy GT10 family enzymes) mediate the assembly of type I (Galβ1,3GlcNAc) and/or type II (Galβ1,4GlcNAc)-based Lewis structures that are widely distributed in glycoconjugates. Unlike enzymes of other species, plant orthologues show little fucosyltransferase activity for type II-based glycans and predominantly catalyze the assembly of the Lewis A structure [Galβ1,3(Fucα1,4)GlcNAc] on the type I disaccharide unit of their substrates. However, the structural basis underlying this unique substrate selectivity remains elusive. In this study, we investigated the structure-function relationship of MiFUT13A, a mango α1,3/α1,4-fucosyltransferase. The prepared MiFUT13A displayed distinct α1,4-fucosyltransferase activity. Consistent with the enzymatic properties of this molecule, X-ray crystallography revealed that this enzyme has a typical GT-B fold-type structure containing a set of residues that are responsible for its SN2-like catalysis. Site-directed mutagenesis and molecular docking analyses proposed a rational binding mechanism for type I oligosaccharides. Within the catalytic cleft, the pocket surrounding Trp121 serves as a binding site, anchoring the non-reducing terminal β1,3-galactose that belongs to the type I disaccharide unit. Furthermore, Glu177 was postulated to function as a general base catalyst through its interaction with the 4-hydroxy group of the acceptor N-acetylglucosamine residue. Adjacent residues, specifically Thr120, Thr157 and Asp175 were speculated to assist in binding of the reducing terminal residues. Intriguingly, these structural elements were not fully conserved in mammalian orthologue which also shows predominant α1,4-fucosyltransferase activity. In conclusion, we have proposed that MiFUT13A generates the Lewis A structure on type I glycans through a distinct mechanism, divergent from that of mammalian enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Okada
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Takamasa Teramoto
- Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Ihara
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Ikeda
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshimitsu Kakuta
- Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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2
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Ferous S, Siafakas N, Boufidou F, Patrinos GP, Tsakris A, Anastassopoulou C. Investigating ABO Blood Groups and Secretor Status in Relation to SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 Severity. J Pers Med 2024; 14:346. [PMID: 38672973 PMCID: PMC11051264 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14040346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The ABO blood groups, Lewis antigens, and secretor systems are important components of transfusion medicine. These interconnected systems have been also shown to be associated with differing susceptibility to bacterial and viral infections, likely as the result of selection over the course of evolution and the constant tug of war between humans and infectious microbes. This comprehensive narrative review aimed to explore the literature and to present the current state of knowledge on reported associations of the ABO, Lewis, and secretor blood groups with SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity. Our main finding was that the A blood group may be associated with increased susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and possibly also with increased disease severity and overall mortality. The proposed pathophysiological pathways explaining this potential association include antibody-mediated mechanisms and increased thrombotic risk amongst blood group A individuals, in addition to altered inflammatory cytokine expression profiles. Preliminary evidence does not support the association between ABO blood groups and COVID-19 vaccine response, or the risk of developing long COVID. Even though the emergency state of the pandemic is over, further research is needed especially in this area since tens of millions of people worldwide suffer from lingering COVID-19 symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanos Ferous
- Department of Microbiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece; (S.F.); (A.T.)
| | - Nikolaos Siafakas
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Attikon General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece;
| | - Fotini Boufidou
- Neurochemistry and Biological Markers Unit, 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece;
| | - George P. Patrinos
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics and Individualized Therapy, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece;
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Athanasios Tsakris
- Department of Microbiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece; (S.F.); (A.T.)
| | - Cleo Anastassopoulou
- Department of Microbiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece; (S.F.); (A.T.)
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3
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Chen J, Zeng X, Zhang W, Li G, Zhong H, Xu C, Li X, Lin T. Fucosyltransferase 9 promotes neuronal differentiation and functional recovery after spinal cord injury by suppressing the activation of Notch signaling. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2023; 55:1571-1581. [PMID: 37674364 PMCID: PMC10577474 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2023138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) suffer from permanent disabilities such as severe motor, sensory and autonomic dysfunction. Neural stem cell transplantation has proven to be a potential strategy to promote regeneration of the spinal cord, since NSCs can produce neurotrophic growth factors and differentiate into mature neurons to reconstruct the injured site. However, it is necessary to optimize the differentiation of NSCs before transplantation to achieve a better regenerative outcome. Inhibition of Notch signaling leads to a transition from NSCs to neurons, while the underlying mechanism remains inadequately understood. Our results demonstrate that overexpression of fucosyltransferase 9 (Fut9), which is upregulated by Wnt4, promotes neuronal differentiation by suppressing the activation of Notch signaling through disruption of furin-like enzyme activity during S1 cleavage. In an in vivo study, Fut9-modified NSCs efficiently differentiates into neurons to promote functional and histological recovery after SCI. Our research provides insight into the mechanisms of Notch signaling and a potential treatment strategy for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiewen Chen
- Department of Spine SurgeryThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Xiaolin Zeng
- Department of Spine SurgeryThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Wenwu Zhang
- Department of Spine SurgeryThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Spine SurgeryThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Haoming Zhong
- Department of Orthopedics and TraumatologyZhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510280China
| | - Chengzhong Xu
- Department of Orthopedics and TraumatologyZhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510280China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Spine SurgeryThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Tao Lin
- Department of Orthopedics and TraumatologyZhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510280China
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4
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Magdaleno JSL, Grewal RK, Medina-Franco JL, Oliva R, Shaikh AR, Cavallo L, Chawla M. Toward α-1,3/4 fucosyltransferases targeted drug discovery: In silico uncovering of promising natural inhibitors of fucosyltransferase 6. J Cell Biochem 2023; 124:1173-1185. [PMID: 37357420 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Sialyl Lewis X (sLex ) antigen is a fucosylated cell-surface glycan that is normally involved in cell-cell interactions. The enhanced expression of sLex on cell surface glycans, which is attributed to the upregulation of fucosyltransferase 6 (FUT6), has been implicated in facilitating metastasis in human colorectal, lung, prostate, and oral cancers. The role that the upregulated FUT6 plays in the progression of tumor to malignancy, with reduced survival rates, makes it a potential target for anticancer drugs. Unfortunately, the lack of experimental structures for FUT6 has hampered the design and development of its inhibitors. In this study, we used in silico techniques to identify potential FUT6 inhibitors. We first modeled the three-dimensional structure of human FUT6 using AlphaFold. Then, we screened the natural compound libraries from the COCONUT database to sort out potential natural products (NPs) with best affinity toward the FUT6 model. As a result of these simulations, we identified three NPs for which we predicted binding affinities and interaction patterns quite similar to those we calculated for two experimentally tested FUT6 inhibitors, that is, fucose mimetic-1 and a GDP-triazole derived compound. We also performed molecular dynamics (MD) simulations for the FUT6 complexes with identified NPs, to investigate their stability. Analysis of the MD simulations showed that the identified NPs establish stable contacts with FUT6 under dynamics conditions. On these grounds, the three screened compounds appear as promising natural alternatives to experimentally tested FUT6 synthetic inhibitors, with expected comparable binding affinity. This envisages good prospects for future experimental validation toward FUT6 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Samuel Leon Magdaleno
- Department of Research and Innovation, STEMskills Research and Education Lab Private Limited, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Ravneet K Grewal
- Department of Research and Innovation, STEMskills Research and Education Lab Private Limited, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - José L Medina-Franco
- Department of Pharmacy, DIFACQUIM Research Group, School of Chemistry, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Romina Oliva
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University Parthenope of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Abdul Rajjak Shaikh
- Department of Research and Innovation, STEMskills Research and Education Lab Private Limited, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Luigi Cavallo
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, Kaust Catalysis Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohit Chawla
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, Kaust Catalysis Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
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Jin LW, di Lucente J, Mendiola UR, Tang X, Zivkovic AM, Lebrilla CB, Maezawa I. The role of FUT8-catalyzed core fucosylation in Alzheimer's amyloid-β oligomer-induced activation of human microglia. Glia 2023; 71:1346-1359. [PMID: 36692036 PMCID: PMC11021125 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Fucosylation, especially core fucosylation of N-glycans catalyzed by α1-6 fucosyltransferase (fucosyltransferase 8 or FUT8), plays an important role in regulating the peripheral immune system and inflammation. However, its role in microglial activation is poorly understood. Here we used human induced pluripotent stem cells-derived microglia (hiMG) as a model to study the role of FUT8-catalyzed core fucosylation in amyloid-β oligomer (AβO)-induced microglial activation, in view of its significant relevance to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). HiMG responded to AβO and lipopolysaccharides (LPS) with a pattern of pro-inflammatory activation as well as enhanced core fucosylation and FUT8 expression within 24 h. Furthermore, we found increased FUT8 expression in both human AD brains and microglia isolated from 5xFAD mice, a model of AD-like cerebral amyloidosis. Inhibition of fucosylation in AβO-stimulated hiMG reduced the induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines, suppressed the activation of p38MAPK, and rectified phagocytic deficits. Specific inhibition of FUT8 by siRNA-mediated knockdown also reduced AβO-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines. We further showed that p53 binds to the two consensus binding sites in the Fut8 promoter, and that p53 knockdown abolished FUT8 overexpression in AβO-activated hiMG. Taken together, our evidence supports that FUT8-catalyzed core fucosylation is a signaling pathway required for AβO-induced microglia activation and that FUT8 is a component of the p53 signaling cascade regulating microglial behavior. Because microglia are a key driver of AD pathogenesis, our results suggest that microglial FUT8 could be an anti-inflammatory therapeutic target for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee-Way Jin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and M.I.N.D. Institute, University of California Davis Medical Center, 2805 50 Street, Sacramento, CA 95817
| | - Jacopo di Lucente
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and M.I.N.D. Institute, University of California Davis Medical Center, 2805 50 Street, Sacramento, CA 95817
| | - Ulises R. Mendiola
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and M.I.N.D. Institute, University of California Davis Medical Center, 2805 50 Street, Sacramento, CA 95817
| | - Xinyu Tang
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95618
| | | | | | - Izumi Maezawa
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and M.I.N.D. Institute, University of California Davis Medical Center, 2805 50 Street, Sacramento, CA 95817
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6
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van der Wel H, Garcia AM, Gas-Pascual E, Willis MM, Kim HW, Bandini G, Gaye MM, Costello CE, Samuelson J, West CM. Spindly is a nucleocytosolic O- fucosyltransferase in Dictyostelium and related proteins are widespread in protists and bacteria. Glycobiology 2023; 33:225-244. [PMID: 36250576 PMCID: PMC10114647 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwac071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is a prominent modification of nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins in animals and plants and is mediated by a single O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT). Spindly (Spy), a paralog of OGT first discovered in higher plants, has an ortholog in the apicomplexan parasite Toxoplasma gondii, and both enzymes are now recognized as O-fucosyltransferases (OFTs). Here we investigate the evolution of spy-like genes and experimentally confirm OFT activity in the social amoeba Dictyostelium-a protist that is more related to fungi and metazoa. Immunofluorescence probing with the fucose-specific Aleuria aurantia lectin (AAL) and biochemical cell fractionation combined with western blotting suggested the occurrence of nucleocytoplasmic fucosylation. The absence of reactivity in mutants deleted in spy or gmd (unable to synthesize GDP-Fuc) suggested monofucosylation mediated by Spy. Genetic ablation of the modE locus, previously predicted to encode a GDP-fucose transporter, confirmed its necessity for fucosylation in the secretory pathway but not for the nucleocytoplasmic proteins. Affinity capture of these proteins combined with mass spectrometry confirmed monofucosylation of Ser and Thr residues of several known nucleocytoplasmic proteins. As in Toxoplasma, the Spy OFT was required for optimal proliferation of Dictyostelium under laboratory conditions. These findings support a new phylogenetic analysis of OGT and OFT evolution that indicates their occurrence in the last eukaryotic common ancestor but mostly complementary presence in its eukaryotic descendants with the notable exception that both occur in red algae and plants. Their generally exclusive expression, high degree of conservation, and shared monoglycosylation targets suggest overlapping roles in physiological regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanke van der Wel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Ana Maria Garcia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Obstetrics and Gynecology (OBGYN), 1951 SW 172nd Ave, Hollywood, FL 33029, USA
| | - Elisabet Gas-Pascual
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Macy M Willis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Hyun W Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Giulia Bandini
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Boston University Henry Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Clarivate Analytics (UK) Ltd., 70 St. Mary Axe, London, EC3A 8BE
| | - Maissa Mareme Gaye
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Chemistry Technology Center, Waters Corporation, Milford, MA 01757, USA
| | - Catherine E Costello
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - John Samuelson
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Boston University Henry Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Christopher M West
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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7
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Melamed J, Brockhausen I. Biosynthesis of the O antigen of pathogenic Escherichia coli O157:H7. Characterization of α1,4-Fuc-transferase WbdO. Glycobiology 2023; 33:165-175. [PMID: 36715215 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwac079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The O157:H7 strain of Escherichia coli is responsible for frequent outbreaks of hemorrhagic colitis worldwide. Its lipopolysaccharide is a virulence factor and contains an O antigen having repeating units with the tetrasaccharide structure [2-D-PerNAcα1-3-L-Fucα1-4-D-Glcβ1-3-D-GalNAcα1-]n. Genes encoding glycosyltransferases WbdN, WbdO, and WbdP are responsible for the biosynthesis of this repeating unit. We have previously characterized the second enzyme in the pathway, WbdN, which transfers Glc in β1-3 linkage to GalNAcα-O-PO3-PO3-(CH2)11-O-Ph (GalNAc-PP-PhU). In this work, Fuc-transferase WbdO from E. coli O157:H7 expressed in BL21 bacteria was characterized using the product of WbdN as the acceptor substrate. We showed that WbdO is specific for GDP-β-L-Fuc as the donor substrate. Compounds that contained terminal Glc or Glcβ1-3GalNAc structures but lacked the diphosphate group did not serve as acceptor substrates. The structure of the WbdO product was identified by mass spectrometry and Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) as L-Fucα1-4-D-Glcβ1-3-D-GalNAc PP-PhU. WbdO is an unusual bivalent metal ion-dependent Fuc-transferase classified as an inverting GT2 family enzyme that has 2 conserved sequences near the N-terminus. The Asp37 residue within the 36VDGGSTD42 sequence was found to be essential for catalysis. Mutation of Asp68 to Ala within the conserved 67YDAMNK72 sequence resulted in a 3-fold increase in activity. These studies show that WbdOO157 is a highly specific Fuc-transferase with little homology to other characterized Fuc-transferases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Melamed
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, 18 Stuart Street, Kingston, ON K7L3N6, Canada
| | - Inka Brockhausen
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, 18 Stuart Street, Kingston, ON K7L3N6, Canada
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8
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Tomida S, Nagae M, Kizuka Y. The stem region of α1,6- fucosyltransferase FUT8 is required for multimer formation but not catalytic activity. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102676. [PMID: 36336076 PMCID: PMC9709245 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha-1,6-fucosyltransferase (FUT8) synthesizes core fucose in N-glycans, which plays critical roles in various physiological processes. FUT8, as with many other glycosyltransferases, is a type-II membrane protein, and its large C-terminal catalytic domain is linked to the FUT8 stem region, which comprises two α-helices. Although the stem regions of several glycosyltransferases are involved in the regulation of Golgi localization, the functions of the FUT8 stem region have not been clarified as yet. Here, we found that the FUT8 stem region is essential for enzyme oligomerization. We expressed FUT8Δstem mutants, in which the stem region was replaced with glycine/serine linkers, in FUT8-KO HEK293 cells. Our immunoprecipitation and native-PAGE analysis showed that FUT8 WT formed a multimer but FUT8Δstem impaired multimer formation in the cells, although the mutants retained specific activity. In addition, the mutant protein had lower steady-state levels, increased endoplasmic reticulum localization, and a shorter half-life than FUT8 WT, suggesting that loss of the stem region destabilized the FUT8 protein. Furthermore, immunoprecipitation analysis of another mutant lacking a part of the stem region revealed that the first helix in the FUT8 stem region is critical for multimer formation. Our findings demonstrated that the FUT8 stem region is essential for multimer formation but not for catalytic activity, providing insights into how the FUT8 protein matures and functions in mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seita Tomida
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Masamichi Nagae
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Kizuka
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan,Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, Gifu, Japan,For correspondence: Yasuhiko Kizuka
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9
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Saikia K, Saharia N, Singh CS, Borah PP, Namsa ND. Association of histo-blood group antigens and predisposition to gastrointestinal diseases. J Med Virol 2022; 94:5149-5162. [PMID: 35882942 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Infectious gastroenteritis is a common illness afflicting people worldwide. The two most common etiological agents of viral gastroenteritis, rotavirus and norovirus are known to recognize histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) as attachment receptors. ABO, Lewis, and secretor HBGAs are distributed abundantly on mucosal epithelia, red blood cell membranes, and also secreted in biological fluids, such as saliva, intestinal content, milk, and blood. HBGAs are fucosylated glycans that have been implicated in the attachment of some enteric pathogens such as bacteria, parasites, and viruses. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the genes encoding ABO (H), fucosyltransferase gene FUT2 (Secretor/Se), FUT3 (Lewis/Le) have been associated with changes in enzyme expression and HBGAs production. The highly polymorphic HBGAs among different populations and races influence genotype-specific susceptibility or resistance to enteric pathogens and its epidemiology, and vaccination seroconversion. Therefore, there is an urgent need to conduct population-based investigations to understand predisposition to enteric infections and gastrointestinal diseases. This review focuses on the relationship between HBGAs and predisposition to common human gastrointestinal illnesses caused by viral, bacterial, and parasitic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasturi Saikia
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Napaam, Assam, India
| | - Niruprabha Saharia
- Department of Paediatrics, Tezpur Medical College and Hospital, Bihaguri, Tezpur, Assam, India
| | - Chongtham S Singh
- Department of Paediatrics, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, India
| | - Partha P Borah
- Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology, Pratiksha Hospital, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Nima D Namsa
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Napaam, Assam, India.,Centre for Multi-disciplinary Research, Tezpur University, Napaam, Assam, India
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10
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Fujita K, Hatano K, Hashimoto M, Tomiyama E, Miyoshi E, Nonomura N, Uemura H. Fucosylation in Urological Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:13333. [PMID: 34948129 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Fucosylation is an oligosaccharide modification that plays an important role in immune response and malignancy, and specific fucosyltransferases (FUTs) catalyze the three types of fucosylations: core-type, Lewis type, and H type. FUTs regulate cancer proliferation, invasiveness, and resistance to chemotherapy by modifying the glycosylation of signaling receptors. Oligosaccharides on PD-1/PD-L1 proteins are specifically fucosylated, leading to functional modifications. Expression of FUTs is upregulated in renal cell carcinoma, bladder cancer, and prostate cancer. Aberrant fucosylation in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) could be used as a novel biomarker for prostate cancer. Furthermore, elucidation of the biological function of fucosylation could result in the development of novel therapeutic targets. Further studies are needed in the field of fucosylation glycobiology in urological malignancies.
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Engel L, Alves J, Hennek J, Goueli SA, Zegzouti H. Utility of Bioluminescent Homogeneous Nucleotide Detection Assays in Measuring Activities of Nucleotide-Sugar Dependent Glycosyltransferases and Studying Their Inhibitors. Molecules 2021; 26:6230. [PMID: 34684811 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26206230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional glycosyltransferase (GT) activity assays are not easily configured for rapid detection nor for high throughput screening because they rely on radioactive product isolation, the use of heterogeneous immunoassays or mass spectrometry. In a typical glycosyltransferase biochemical reaction, two products are generated, a glycosylated product and a nucleotide released from the sugar donor substrate. Therefore, an assay that detects the nucleotide could be universal to monitor the activity of diverse glycosyltransferases in vitro. Here we describe three homogeneous and bioluminescent glycosyltransferase activity assays based on UDP, GDP, CMP, and UMP detection. Each of these assays are performed in a one-step detection that relies on converting the nucleotide product to ATP, then to bioluminescence using firefly luciferase. These assays are highly sensitive, robust and resistant to chemical interference. Various applications of these assays are presented, including studies on the specificity of sugar transfer by diverse GTs and the characterization of acceptor substrate-dependent and independent nucleotide-sugar hydrolysis. Furthermore, their utility in screening for specific GT inhibitors and the study of their mode of action are described. We believe that the broad utility of these nucleotide assays will enable the investigation of a large number of GTs and may have a significant impact on diverse areas of Glycobiology research.
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12
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Grewal RK, Shaikh AR, Gorle S, Kaur M, Videira PA, Cavallo L, Chawla M. Structural Insights in Mammalian Sialyltransferases and Fucosyltransferases: We Have Come a Long Way, but It Is Still a Long Way Down. Molecules 2021; 26:5203. [PMID: 34500643 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian cell surfaces are modified with complex arrays of glycans that play major roles in health and disease. Abnormal glycosylation is a hallmark of cancer; terminal sialic acid and fucose in particular have high levels in tumor cells, with positive implications for malignancy. Increased sialylation and fucosylation are due to the upregulation of a set of sialyltransferases (STs) and fucosyltransferases (FUTs), which are potential drug targets in cancer. In the past, several advances in glycostructural biology have been made with the determination of crystal structures of several important STs and FUTs in mammals. Additionally, how the independent evolution of STs and FUTs occurred with a limited set of global folds and the diverse modular ability of catalytic domains toward substrates has been elucidated. This review highlights advances in the understanding of the structural architecture, substrate binding interactions, and catalysis of STs and FUTs in mammals. While this general understanding is emerging, use of this information to design inhibitors of STs and FUTs will be helpful in providing further insights into their role in the manifestation of cancer and developing targeted therapeutics in cancer.
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13
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Heine V, Kremers T, Menzel N, Schnakenberg U, Elling L. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Biosensor Enabling Kinetic Monitoring of Fucosyltransferase Activity. ACS Sens 2021; 6:1003-1011. [PMID: 33595293 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c02206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Monitoring glycosyltransferases on biosensors is of great interest for pathogen and cancer diagnostics. As a proof of concept, we here demonstrate the layer-by-layer immobilization of a multivalent neoglycoprotein (NGP) as a substrate for a bacterial fucosyltransferase (FucT) and the subsequent binding of the fucose-specific Aleuria aurantia lectin (AAL) on an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) sensor. We report for the first time the binding kinetics of a glycosyltransferase in real-time. Highly stable EIS measurements are obtained by the modification of counter and reference electrodes with polypyrrole: polystyrene sulfonate (PPy:PSS). In detail, the N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc)-carrying NGP was covalently immobilized on the gold working electrode and served as a substrate for the FucT-catalyzed reaction. The LacNAc epitopes were converted to Lewisx (Lex) and detected by AAL. AAL binding to the Lex epitope was further confirmed in a lectin displacement and a competitive lectin binding inhibition experiment. We monitored the individual kinetic processes via EIS. The time constant for covalent immobilization of the NGP was 653 s. The FucT kinetics was the slowest process with a time constant of 1121 s. In contrast, a short time constant of 11.8 s was determined for the interaction of AAL with the modified NGPs. When this process was competed by 400 mM fucose, the binding was significantly slowed down, as indicated by a time constant of 978 s. The kinetics for the displacement of bound AAL by free fucose was observed with a time constant of 424 s. We conclude that this novel EIS biosensor and the applied workflow has the potential to detect FucT and other GT activities in general and further monitor protein-glycan interactions, which may be useful for the detection of pathogenic bacteria and cancer cells in future biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria Heine
- Laboratory for Biomaterials, Institute for Biotechnology and Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 20, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Tom Kremers
- Chair of Micro- and Nanosystems and Institute of Materials in Electrical Engineering 1, RWTH Aachen University, Sommerfeldstraße 24, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Nora Menzel
- Laboratory for Biomaterials, Institute for Biotechnology and Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 20, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
- Chair of Micro- and Nanosystems and Institute of Materials in Electrical Engineering 1, RWTH Aachen University, Sommerfeldstraße 24, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Uwe Schnakenberg
- Chair of Micro- and Nanosystems and Institute of Materials in Electrical Engineering 1, RWTH Aachen University, Sommerfeldstraße 24, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Lothar Elling
- Laboratory for Biomaterials, Institute for Biotechnology and Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 20, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
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14
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Bandini G, Agop-Nersesian C, van der Wel H, Mandalasi M, Kim HW, West CM, Samuelson J. The nucleocytosolic O- fucosyltransferase SPINDLY affects protein expression and virulence in Toxoplasma gondii. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100039. [PMID: 33158988 PMCID: PMC7949088 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.015883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Once considered unusual, nucleocytoplasmic glycosylation is now recognized as a conserved feature of eukaryotes. While in animals, O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) modifies thousands of intracellular proteins, the human pathogen Toxoplasma gondii transfers a different sugar, fucose, to proteins involved in transcription, mRNA processing, and signaling. Knockout experiments showed that TgSPY, an ortholog of plant SPINDLY and paralog of host OGT, is required for nuclear O-fucosylation. Here we verify that TgSPY is the nucleocytoplasmic O-fucosyltransferase (OFT) by 1) complementation with TgSPY-MYC3, 2) its functional dependence on amino acids critical for OGT activity, and 3) its ability to O-fucosylate itself and a model substrate and to specifically hydrolyze GDP-Fuc. While many of the endogenous proteins modified by O-Fuc are important for tachyzoite fitness, O-fucosylation by TgSPY is not essential. Growth of Δspy tachyzoites in fibroblasts is modestly affected, despite marked reductions in the levels of ectopically expressed proteins normally modified with O-fucose. Intact TgSPY-MYC3 localizes to the nucleus and cytoplasm, whereas catalytic mutants often displayed reduced abundance. Δspy tachyzoites of a luciferase-expressing type II strain exhibited infection kinetics in mice similar to wild-type but increased persistence in the chronic brain phase, potentially due to an imbalance of regulatory protein levels. The modest changes in parasite fitness in vitro and in mice, despite profound effects on reporter protein accumulation, and the characteristic punctate localization of O-fucosylated proteins suggest that TgSPY controls the levels of proteins to be held in reserve for response to novel stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Bandini
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Boston University Henry Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
| | - Carolina Agop-Nersesian
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Boston University Henry Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hanke van der Wel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Msano Mandalasi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA; Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Hyun W Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Christopher M West
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA; Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA; Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - John Samuelson
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Boston University Henry Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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15
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Rimkute I, Thorsteinsson K, Henricsson M, Tenge VR, Yu X, Lin SC, Haga K, Atmar RL, Lycke N, Nilsson J, Estes MK, Bally M, Larson G. Histo-blood group antigens of glycosphingolipids predict susceptibility of human intestinal enteroids to norovirus infection. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:15974-15987. [PMID: 32913124 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.014855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms behind infection and propagation of human restricted pathogens such as human norovirus (HuNoV) have defied interrogation because they were previously unculturable. However, human intestinal enteroids (HIEs) have emerged to offer unique ex vivo models for targeted studies of intestinal biology, including inflammatory and infectious diseases. Carbohydrate-dependent histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) are known to be critical for clinical infection. To explore whether HBGAs of glycosphingolipids contribute to HuNoV infection, we obtained HIE cultures established from stem cells isolated from jejunal biopsies of six individuals with different ABO, Lewis, and secretor genotypes. We analyzed their glycerolipid and sphingolipid compositions and quantified interaction kinetics and the affinity of HuNoV virus-like particles (VLPs) to lipid vesicles produced from the individual HIE-lipid extracts. All HIEs had a similar lipid and glycerolipid composition. Sphingolipids included HBGA-related type 1 chain glycosphingolipids (GSLs), with HBGA epitopes corresponding to the geno- and phenotypes of the different HIEs. As revealed by single-particle interaction studies of Sydney GII.4 VLPs with glycosphingolipid-containing HIE membranes, both binding kinetics and affinities explain the patterns of susceptibility toward GII.4 infection for individual HIEs. This is the first time norovirus VLPs have been shown to interact specifically with secretor gene-dependent GSLs embedded in lipid membranes of HIEs that propagate GII.4 HuNoV ex vivo, highlighting the potential of HIEs for advanced future studies of intestinal glycobiology and host-pathogen interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga Rimkute
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Konrad Thorsteinsson
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Marcus Henricsson
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Victoria R Tenge
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xiaoming Yu
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Shih-Ching Lin
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kei Haga
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Robert L Atmar
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Nils Lycke
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jonas Nilsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mary K Estes
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
| | - Marta Bally
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Göran Larson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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16
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Ma C, Takeuchi H, Hao H, Yonekawa C, Nakajima K, Nagae M, Okajima T, Haltiwanger RS, Kizuka Y. Differential Labeling of Glycoproteins with Alkynyl Fucose Analogs. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176007. [PMID: 32825463 PMCID: PMC7503990 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fucosylated glycans critically regulate the physiological functions of proteins and cells. Alterations in levels of fucosylated glycans are associated with various diseases. For detection and functional modulation of fucosylated glycans, chemical biology approaches using fucose (Fuc) analogs are useful. However, little is known about how efficiently each unnatural Fuc analog is utilized by enzymes in the biosynthetic pathway of fucosylated glycans. We show here that three clickable Fuc analogs with similar but distinct structures labeled cellular glycans with different efficiency and protein specificity. For instance, 6-alkynyl (Alk)-Fuc modified O-Fuc glycans much more efficiently than 7-Alk-Fuc. The level of GDP-6-Alk-Fuc produced in cells was also higher than that of GDP-7-Alk-Fuc. Comprehensive in vitro fucosyltransferase assays revealed that 7-Alk-Fuc is commonly tolerated by most fucosyltransferases. Surprisingly, both protein O-fucosyltransferases (POFUTs) could transfer all Fuc analogs in vitro, likely because POFUT structures have a larger space around their Fuc binding sites. These findings demonstrate that labeling and detection of fucosylated glycans with Fuc analogs depend on multiple cellular steps, including conversion to GDP form, transport into the ER or Golgi, and utilization by each fucosyltransferase, providing insights into design of novel sugar analogs for specific detection of target glycans or inhibition of their functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Ma
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; (C.M.); (H.T.); (T.O.)
| | - Hideyuki Takeuchi
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; (C.M.); (H.T.); (T.O.)
- Institute for Glyco-Core Research (iGCORE), Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Huilin Hao
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (H.H.); (R.S.H.)
| | - Chizuko Yonekawa
- Center for Highly Advanced Integration of Nano and Life Sciences (G-CHAIN), Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan;
| | - Kazuki Nakajima
- Center for Research Promotion and Support, Fujita Health University, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan;
| | - Masamichi Nagae
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Disease, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan;
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Okajima
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; (C.M.); (H.T.); (T.O.)
- Institute for Glyco-Core Research (iGCORE), Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Robert S. Haltiwanger
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (H.H.); (R.S.H.)
| | - Yasuhiko Kizuka
- Center for Highly Advanced Integration of Nano and Life Sciences (G-CHAIN), Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan;
- Institute for Glyco-Core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-58-293-3356
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17
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Khachou A, Le Moullac-Vaidye B, Peltier C, Breiman A, Imbert-Marcille BM, Ruvoen-Clouet N, Aouni M, Mastouri M, Chouchane S, Le Pendu J. Host-Range Shift Between Emerging P[8]-4 Rotavirus and Common P[8] and P[4] Strains. J Infect Dis 2020; 222:836-839. [PMID: 32188998 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In Tunisia, we observed that rotavirus P[8]-3 and P[4] strains in young children with gastroenteritis associate with secretor histo-blood group phenotype. In contrast, the emerging P[8]-4 strain, representing 10% of cases, was exclusively found in nonsecretor patients. Unlike VP8* from P[8]-3 and P[4] strains, the P[8]-4 VP8* protein attached to glycans from saliva samples regardless of the donor's secretor status. Interestingly, a high frequency of FUT2 enzyme deficiency (nonsecretor phenotype) was observed in the population. This may allow cocirculation of P[8]-3 and P[8]-4 strains in secretor and nonsecretor children, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Khachou
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie, Inserm, Université de Nantes, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Béatrice Le Moullac-Vaidye
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie, Inserm, Université de Nantes, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Cécile Peltier
- Service de Virologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR1064, Inserm, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Adrien Breiman
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie, Inserm, Université de Nantes, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Berthe-Marie Imbert-Marcille
- Service de Virologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR1064, Inserm, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Nathalie Ruvoen-Clouet
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie, Inserm, Université de Nantes, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Oniris, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'Alimentation, Nantes, France
| | - Mahjoub Aouni
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Maha Mastouri
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Slaheddine Chouchane
- Service de Pédiatrie, Hôpital Universitaire Fattouma-Bourghiba, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Jacques Le Pendu
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie, Inserm, Université de Nantes, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France
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18
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Wu ZL, Whittaker M, Ertelt JM, Person AD, Kalabokis V. Detecting substrate glycans of fucosyltransferases with fluorophore-conjugated fucose and methods for glycan electrophoresis. Glycobiology 2020; 30:970-980. [PMID: 32248235 PMCID: PMC7724747 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwaa030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Like sialylation, fucose usually locates at the nonreducing ends of various glycans on glycoproteins and constitutes important glycan epitopes. Detecting the substrate glycans of fucosyltransferases is important for understanding how these glycan epitopes are regulated in response to different growth conditions and external stimuli. Here we report the detection of these glycans on glycoproteins as well as in their free forms via enzymatic incorporation of fluorophore-conjugated fucose using FUT2, FUT6, FUT7, FUT8 and FUT9. Specifically, we describe the detection of the substrate glycans of these enzymes on fetal bovine fetuin, recombinant H1N1 viral neuraminidase and therapeutic antibodies. The detected glycans include complex and high-mannose N-glycans. By establishing a series of precursors for the synthesis of Lewis X and sialyl Lewis X structures, we not only provide convenient electrophoresis methods for studying glycosylation but also demonstrate the substrate specificities and some kinetic features of these enzymes. Our results support the notion that fucosyltransferases are key targets for regulating the synthesis of Lewis X and sialyl Lewis X structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengliang L Wu
- Bio-techne, R&D Systems, Inc., 614 McKinley Place N.E., Minneapolis, MN 55413, USA
| | - Mark Whittaker
- Bio-techne, R&D Systems, Inc., 614 McKinley Place N.E., Minneapolis, MN 55413, USA
| | - James M Ertelt
- Bio-techne, R&D Systems, Inc., 614 McKinley Place N.E., Minneapolis, MN 55413, USA
| | - Anthony D Person
- Bio-techne, R&D Systems, Inc., 614 McKinley Place N.E., Minneapolis, MN 55413, USA
| | - Vassili Kalabokis
- Bio-techne, R&D Systems, Inc., 614 McKinley Place N.E., Minneapolis, MN 55413, USA
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19
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Tomida S, Takata M, Hirata T, Nagae M, Nakano M, Kizuka Y. The SH3 domain in the fucosyltransferase FUT8 controls FUT8 activity and localization and is essential for core fucosylation. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:7992-8004. [PMID: 32350116 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.013079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Core fucose is an N-glycan structure synthesized by α1,6-fucosyltransferase 8 (FUT8) localized to the Golgi apparatus and critically regulates the functions of various glycoproteins. However, how FUT8 activity is regulated in cells remains largely unclear. At the luminal side and uncommon for Golgi proteins, FUT8 has an Src homology 3 (SH3) domain, which is usually found in cytosolic signal transduction molecules and generally mediates protein-protein interactions in the cytosol. However, the SH3 domain has not been identified in other glycosyltransferases, suggesting that FUT8's functions are selectively regulated by this domain. In this study, using truncated FUT8 constructs, immunofluorescence staining, FACS analysis, cell-surface biotinylation, proteomics, and LC-electrospray ionization MS analyses, we reveal that the SH3 domain is essential for FUT8 activity both in cells and in vitro and identified His-535 in the SH3 domain as the critical residue for enzymatic activity of FUT8. Furthermore, we found that although FUT8 is mainly localized to the Golgi, it also partially localizes to the cell surface in an SH3-dependent manner, indicating that the SH3 domain is also involved in FUT8 trafficking. Finally, we identified ribophorin I (RPN1), a subunit of the oligosaccharyltransferase complex, as an SH3-dependent binding protein of FUT8. RPN1 knockdown decreased both FUT8 activity and core fucose levels, indicating that RPN1 stimulates FUT8 activity. Our findings indicate that the SH3 domain critically controls FUT8 catalytic activity and localization and is required for binding by RPN1, which promotes FUT8 activity and core fucosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seita Tomida
- Center for Highly Advanced Integration of Nano and Life Sciences (G-CHAIN), Gifu University, Gifu, Japan.,Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Misaki Takata
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Hirata
- Center for Highly Advanced Integration of Nano and Life Sciences (G-CHAIN), Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Masamichi Nagae
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Disease, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Miyako Nakano
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Kizuka
- Center for Highly Advanced Integration of Nano and Life Sciences (G-CHAIN), Gifu University, Gifu, Japan .,Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Tokai National Higher Education and Research System, Gifu, Japan
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20
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Giese APJ, Ali S, Isaiah A, Aziz I, Riazuddin S, Ahmed ZM. Genomics of Otitis Media (OM): Molecular Genetics Approaches to Characterize Disease Pathophysiology. Front Genet 2020; 11:313. [PMID: 32391049 PMCID: PMC7191070 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Otitis media (OM) is an infective and inflammatory disorder known to be a major cause of hearing impairment across all age groups. Both acute and chronic OM result in substantial healthcare utilization related to antibiotic prescription and surgical procedures necessary for its management. Although several studies provided evidence of genetics playing a significant role in the susceptibility to OM, we had limited knowledge about the genes associated with OM until recently. Here we have summarized the known genetic factors that confer susceptibility to various forms of OM in mice and in humans and their genetic load, along with associated cellular signaling pathways. Spotlighted in this review are fucosyltransferase (FUT) enzymes, which have been implicated in the pathogenesis of OM. A comprehensive understanding of the functions of OM-associated genes may provide potential opportunities for its diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud P J Giese
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Saadat Ali
- The Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Amal Isaiah
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ishrat Aziz
- Department of Biotechnology, Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Saima Riazuddin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Zubair M Ahmed
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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21
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Järvå MA, Dramicanin M, Lingford JP, Mao R, John A, Jarman KE, Grinter R, Goddard-Borger ED. Structural basis of substrate recognition and catalysis by fucosyltransferase 8. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:6677-6688. [PMID: 32220931 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.013291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Fucosylation of the innermost GlcNAc of N-glycans by fucosyltransferase 8 (FUT8) is an important step in the maturation of complex and hybrid N-glycans. This simple modification can dramatically affect the activities and half-lives of glycoproteins, effects that are relevant to understanding the invasiveness of some cancers, development of mAb therapeutics, and the etiology of a congenital glycosylation disorder. The acceptor substrate preferences of FUT8 are well-characterized and provide a framework for understanding N-glycan maturation in the Golgi; however, the structural basis of these substrate preferences and the mechanism through which catalysis is achieved remain unknown. Here we describe several structures of mouse and human FUT8 in the apo state and in complex with GDP, a mimic of the donor substrate, and with a glycopeptide acceptor substrate at 1.80-2.50 Å resolution. These structures provide insights into a unique conformational change associated with donor substrate binding, common strategies employed by fucosyltransferases to coordinate GDP, features that define acceptor substrate preferences, and a likely mechanism for enzyme catalysis. Together with molecular dynamics simulations, the structures also revealed how FUT8 dimerization plays an important role in defining the acceptor substrate-binding site. Collectively, this information significantly builds on our understanding of the core fucosylation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Järvå
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Marija Dramicanin
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - James P Lingford
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Runyu Mao
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Alan John
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Kate E Jarman
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Rhys Grinter
- Department of Microbiology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Ethan D Goddard-Borger
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia .,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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22
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Gutiérrez-Huante K, Salinas-Marín R, Mora-Montes HM, Gonzalez RA, Martínez-Duncker I. Human adenovirus type 5 increases host cell fucosylation and modifies Ley antigen expression. Glycobiology 2020; 29:469-478. [PMID: 30869134 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwz017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Certain viral infections are known to modify the glycosylation profile of infected cells through the overexpression of specific host cell fucosyltransferases (FUTs). Infection with CMV (cytomegalovirus), HCV (hepatitis C virus), HSV-1 (herpes simplex virus type-1) and VZV (varicella-zoster virus) increase the expression of fucosylated epitopes, including antigens sLex (Siaα2-3 Galβ1-4(Fucα1-3)GlcNAcβ1-R) and Ley (Fucα1-2 Galβ1-4(Fucα1-3)GlcNAcβ1-R). The reorganization of the glycocalyx induced by viral infection may favor the spread of viral progeny, and alter diverse biological functions mediated by glycans, including recognition by the adaptive immune system. In this work, we aimed to establish whether infection with human adenovirus type 5 (HAd5), a well-known viral vector and infectious agent, causes changes in the glycosylation profile of A549 cells, used as a model of lung epithelium, a natural target of HAd5. We demonstrate for the first time that HAd5 infection causes a significant increase in the cell surface de novo fucosylation, as assessed by metabolic labeling, and that such modification is dependent on the expression of viral genes. The main type of increased fucosylation was determined to be in α1-2 linkage, as assessed by UEA-I lectin binding and supported by the overexpression of FUT1 and FUT2. Also, HAd5-infected cells showed a heterogeneous change in the expression profile of the bi-fucosylated Ley antigen, an antigen associated with enhanced cell proliferation and inhibition of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathya Gutiérrez-Huante
- Laboratorio de Glicobiología Humana y Diagnóstico Molecular; Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos. Av. Universidad 1001, Cuernavaca, México
| | - Roberta Salinas-Marín
- Laboratorio de Glicobiología Humana y Diagnóstico Molecular; Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos. Av. Universidad 1001, Cuernavaca, México
| | - Héctor M Mora-Montes
- Departamento de Biología, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Guanajuato, Noria Alta s/n, Col. Noria Alta, Guanajuato, México
| | - Ramón A Gonzalez
- Laboratorio de Virología Molecular, Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos. Av. Universidad 1001, Cuernavaca, México
| | - Iván Martínez-Duncker
- Laboratorio de Glicobiología Humana y Diagnóstico Molecular; Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos. Av. Universidad 1001, Cuernavaca, México
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23
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Oltmanns A, Hoepfner L, Scholz M, Zinzius K, Schulze S, Hippler M. Novel Insights Into N-Glycan Fucosylation and Core Xylosylation in C. reinhardtii. Front Plant Sci 2020; 10:1686. [PMID: 32010168 PMCID: PMC6974686 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (C. reinhardtii) N-glycans carry plant typical β1,2-core xylose, α1,3-fucose residues, as well as plant atypical terminal β1,4-xylose and methylated mannoses. In a recent study, XylT1A was shown to act as core xylosyltransferase, whereby its action was of importance for an inhibition of excessive Man1A dependent trimming. N-Glycans found in a XylT1A/Man1A double mutant carried core xylose residues, suggesting the existence of a second core xylosyltransferase in C. reinhardtii. To further elucidate enzymes important for N-glycosylation, novel single knockdown mutants of candidate genes involved in the N-glycosylation pathway were characterized. In addition, double, triple, and quadruple mutants affecting already known N-glycosylation pathway genes were generated. By characterizing N-glycan compositions of intact N-glycopeptides from these mutant strains by mass spectrometry, a candidate gene encoding for a second putative core xylosyltransferase (XylT1B) was identified. Additionally, the role of a putative fucosyltransferase was revealed. Mutant strains with knockdown of both xylosyltransferases and the fucosyltransferase resulted in the formation of N-glycans with strongly diminished core modifications. Thus, the mutant strains generated will pave the way for further investigations on how single N-glycan core epitopes modulate protein function in C. reinhardtii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Oltmanns
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Lara Hoepfner
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Martin Scholz
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Karen Zinzius
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Stefan Schulze
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Michael Hippler
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
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24
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King JR, Varadé J, Hammarström L. Fucosyltransferase Gene Polymorphisms and Lewisb-Negative Status Are Frequent in Swedish Newborns, With Implications for Infectious Disease Susceptibility and Personalized Medicine. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc 2019; 8:507-518. [PMID: 30544260 DOI: 10.1093/jpids/piy085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the fucosyltransferase genes FUT2 and FUT3 have been associated with susceptibility to various infectious and inflammatory disorders. FUT variations influence the expression of human histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) (H-type 1 and Lewis), which are highly expressed in the gut and play an important role in microbial attachment, metabolism, colonization, and shaping of the microbiome. In particular, FUT polymorphisms confer susceptibility to specific rotavirus and norovirus genotypes, which has important global health implications. METHODS We designed a genotyping method using a nested polymerase chain reaction approach to determine the frequency of SNPs in FUT2 and FUT3, thereby inferring the prevalence of Lewisb-positive, Lewisb-negative, secretor, and nonsecretor phenotypes in 520 Swedish newborns. RESULTS There was an increased frequency of homozygotes for the minor allele for 1 SNP in FUT2 and 4 SNPs in FUT3. Overall, 37.3% of newborns were found to have Lewis b negative phenotypes (Le (a+b-) or Le (a-b-). Using our new, sensitive genotyping method, we were able to genetically define the Le (a-b-) individuals based on their secretor status and found that the frequency of Lewis b negative newborns in our cohort was 28%. CONCLUSIONS Given the high frequency of fucosyltransferase polymorphisms observed in our newborn cohort and the implications for disease susceptibility, FUT genotyping might play a future role in personalized health care, including recommendations for disease screening, therapy, and vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovanka R King
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Immunopathology, SA Pathology, Women's and Children's Hospital Campus, and Robinson Research Institute and Discipline of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, North Adelaide, South Australia
| | - Jezabel Varadé
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lennart Hammarström
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
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25
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Deng J, Gu L, Chen T, Huang H, Yin X, Lv X, Liu Y, Li N, Liu Z, Li J, Du G, Liu L. Engineering the Substrate Transport and Cofactor Regeneration Systems for Enhancing 2'-Fucosyllactose Synthesis in Bacillus subtilis. ACS Synth Biol 2019; 8:2418-2427. [PMID: 31550146 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.9b00314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) have been proven to be beneficial to infants' intestinal health and immune systems. 2'-Fucosyllactose (2'-FL) is the most abundant and thoroughly studied HMO and has been approved to be an additive of infant formula. How to construct efficient and safe microbial cell factories for the production of 2'-FL attracts increasing attention. In this work, we engineered the Bacillus subtilis as an efficient 2'-FL producer by engineering the substrate transport and cofactor guanosine 5'-triphosphate (GTP) regeneration systems. First, we constructed a synthesis pathway for the 2'-FL precursor guanosine 5'-diphosphate-l-fucose (GDP-l-fucose) by introducing the salvage pathway gene fkp from Bacteriodes fragilis and improved the fucose importation by overexpressing the transporters. Then, the complete synthesis pathway of 2'-FL was constructed by introducing the heterologous fucosyltransferases from different sources, and it was found that the gene from Helicobacter pylori was the best one for 2'-FL synthesis. We also improved the substrate lactose importation by introducing heterologous lactose permeases and eliminated endogenous β-galactosidase (yesZ) to block the lactose degradation. Next, the production of 2'-FL and GDP-l-fucose was improved by fine-tuning the expression of cofactor guanosine 5'-triphosphate regeneration module genes gmd, ndk, guaA, guaC, ykfN, deoD, and xpt. Finally, a 3 L fed-batch fermentation was performed, and the highest 2'-FL titer reached 5.01 g/L with a yield up to 0.85 mol/mol fucose. We optimized the synthesis modules of 2'-FL in B. subtilis, and this provides a good starting point for metabolic engineering to further improve 2'-FL production in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieying Deng
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Liuyan Gu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Taichi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xueqin Lv
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yanfeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Nan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co, Ltd., Shanghai 200436, China
| | - Zhenmin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co, Ltd., Shanghai 200436, China
| | - Jianghua Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Guocheng Du
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Long Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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26
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Mondal N, Silva M, Castano AP, Maus MV, Sackstein R. Glycoengineering of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells to enforce E-selectin binding. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:18465-18474. [PMID: 31628196 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.011134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue colonization (homing) by blood-borne cells critically hinges on the ability of the cells to adhere to vascular endothelium with sufficient strength to overcome prevailing hemodynamic shear stress. These adhesive interactions are most effectively engendered via binding of the endothelial lectin E-selectin (CD62E) to its cognate ligand, sialyl Lewis-X (sLe X ), displayed on circulating cells. Although chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell immunotherapy holds promise for treatment of various hematologic and non-hematologic malignancies, there is essentially no information regarding the efficiency of CAR T-cell homing. Accordingly, we performed integrated biochemical studies and adhesion assays to examine the capacity of human CAR T-cells to engage E-selectin. Our data indicate that CAR T-cells do not express sLe X and do not bind E-selectin. However, enforced sLe X display can be achieved on human CAR T-cells by surface fucosylation, with resultant robust E-selectin binding under hemodynamic shear. Importantly, following intravascular administration into mice, fucosylated human CAR-T cells infiltrate marrow with 10-fold higher efficiency than do unfucosylated cells. Collectively, these findings indicate that custom installation of sLe X programs tissue colonization of vascularly administered human CAR T-cells, offering a readily translatable strategy to augment tissue delivery, thereby lowering the pertinent cell dosing and attendant cell production burden, for CAR T-cell immunotherapy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandini Mondal
- Department of Dermatology and Harvard Skin Disease Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Program of Excellence in Glycosciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Mariana Silva
- Department of Dermatology and Harvard Skin Disease Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Ana P Castano
- Cellular Immunotherapy Program, Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02129
| | - Marcela V Maus
- Cellular Immunotherapy Program, Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02129
| | - Robert Sackstein
- Department of Dermatology and Harvard Skin Disease Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Program of Excellence in Glycosciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Department of Translational Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, and Translational Glycobiology Institute, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199.
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27
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Choi YH, Park BS, Seo JH, Kim BG. Biosynthesis of the human milk oligosaccharide 3-fucosyllactose in metabolically engineered Escherichia coli via the salvage pathway through increasing GTP synthesis and β-galactosidase modification. Biotechnol Bioeng 2019; 116:3324-3332. [PMID: 31478191 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
3-Fucosyllactose (3-FL) is one of the major fucosylated oligosaccharides in human milk. Along with 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL), it is known for its prebiotic, immunomodulator, neonatal brain development, and antimicrobial function. Whereas the biological production of 2'-FL has been widely studied and made significant progress over the years, the biological production of 3-FL has been hampered by the low activity and insoluble expression of α-1,3-fucosyltransferase (FutA), relatively low abundance in human milk oligosaccharides compared with 2'-FL, and lower digestibility of 3-FL than 2'-FL by bifidobacteria. In this study, we report the gram-scale production of 3-FL using E. coli BL21(DE3). We previously generated the FutA quadruple mutant (mFutA) with four site mutations at S46F, A128N, H129E, Y132I, and its specific activity was increased by nearly 15 times compared with that of wild-type FutA owing to the increase in kcat and the decrease in Km . We overexpressed mFutA in its maximum expression level, which was achieved by the optimization of yeast extract concentration in culture media. We also overexpressed L-fucokinase/GDP- L-fucose pyrophosphorylase to increase the supply of GDP-fucose in the cytoplasm. To increase the mass of recombinant whole-cell catalysts, the host E. coli BW25113 was switched to E. coli BL21(DE3) because of the lower acetate accumulation of E. coli BL21(DE3) than that of E. coli BW25113. Finally, the lactose operon was modified by partially deleting the sequence of LacZ (lacZΔm15) for better utilization of D-lactose. Production using the lacZΔm15 mutant yielded 3-FL concentration of 4.6 g/L with the productivity of 0.076 g·L-1 ·hr-1 and the specific 3-FL yield of 0.5 g/g dry cell weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Hee Choi
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bum Seok Park
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Hyun Seo
- Department of Bio and Fermentation Convergence Technology, Kookmin University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Gee Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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28
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Abstract
Fucosylation is a post-translational modification of glycans, proteins, and lipids that is responsible for many biological processes. Fucose conjugation via α(1,2), α(1,3), α(1,4), α(1,6), and O'- linkages to glycans, and variations in fucosylation linkages, has important implications for cancer biology. This review focuses on the roles that fucosylation plays in cancer, specifically through modulation of cell surface proteins and signaling pathways. How L-fucose and serum fucosylation patterns might be used for future clinical diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic approaches will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler S Keeley
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
- University of South Florida Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Tampa, FL 33602, USA
- Department of Tumor Biology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33602, USA
| | - Shengyu Yang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
| | - Eric Lau
- Department of Tumor Biology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33602, USA.
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29
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Zhang P, Burel C, Plasson C, Kiefer-Meyer MC, Ovide C, Gügi B, Wan C, Teo G, Mak A, Song Z, Driouich A, Lerouge P, Bardor M. Characterization of a GDP-Fucose Transporter and a Fucosyltransferase Involved in the Fucosylation of Glycoproteins in the Diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Front Plant Sci 2019; 10:610. [PMID: 31164895 PMCID: PMC6536626 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Although Phaeodactylum tricornutum is gaining importance in plant molecular farming for the production of high-value molecules such as monoclonal antibodies, little is currently known about key cell metabolism occurring in this diatom such as protein glycosylation. For example, incorporation of fucose residues in the glycans N-linked to protein in P. tricornutum is questionable. Indeed, such epitope has previously been found on N-glycans of endogenous glycoproteins in P. tricornutum. Meanwhile, the potential immunogenicity of the α(1,3)-fucose epitope present on plant-derived biopharmaceuticals is still a matter of debate. In this paper, we have studied molecular actors potentially involved in the fucosylation of the glycoproteins in P. tricornutum. Based on sequence similarities, we have identified a putative P. tricornutum GDP-L-fucose transporter and three fucosyltransferase (FuT) candidates. The putative P. tricornutum GDP-L-fucose transporter coding sequence was expressed in the Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO)-gmt5 mutant lacking its endogenous GDP-L-fucose transporter activity. We show that the P. tricornutum transporter is able to rescue the fucosylation of proteins in this CHO-gmt5 mutant cell line, thus demonstrating the functional activity of the diatom transporter and its appropriate Golgi localization. In addition, we overexpressed one of the three FuT candidates, namely the FuT54599, in P. tricornutum and investigated its localization within Golgi stacks of the diatom. Our findings show that overexpression of the FuT54599 leads to a significant increase of the α(1,3)-fucosylation of the diatom endogenous glycoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiqing Zhang
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Carole Burel
- Laboratoire Glyco-MEV EA4358, UNIROUEN, Normandy University, Rouen, France
- Fédération de Recherche Normandie-Végétal – FED 4277, Rouen, France
| | - Carole Plasson
- Laboratoire Glyco-MEV EA4358, UNIROUEN, Normandy University, Rouen, France
- Fédération de Recherche Normandie-Végétal – FED 4277, Rouen, France
| | - Marie-Christine Kiefer-Meyer
- Laboratoire Glyco-MEV EA4358, UNIROUEN, Normandy University, Rouen, France
- Fédération de Recherche Normandie-Végétal – FED 4277, Rouen, France
| | - Clément Ovide
- Laboratoire Glyco-MEV EA4358, UNIROUEN, Normandy University, Rouen, France
- Fédération de Recherche Normandie-Végétal – FED 4277, Rouen, France
| | - Bruno Gügi
- Laboratoire Glyco-MEV EA4358, UNIROUEN, Normandy University, Rouen, France
- Fédération de Recherche Normandie-Végétal – FED 4277, Rouen, France
| | - Corrine Wan
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gavin Teo
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Amelia Mak
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhiwei Song
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Azeddine Driouich
- Laboratoire Glyco-MEV EA4358, UNIROUEN, Normandy University, Rouen, France
- Fédération de Recherche Normandie-Végétal – FED 4277, Rouen, France
| | - Patrice Lerouge
- Laboratoire Glyco-MEV EA4358, UNIROUEN, Normandy University, Rouen, France
- Fédération de Recherche Normandie-Végétal – FED 4277, Rouen, France
| | - Muriel Bardor
- Laboratoire Glyco-MEV EA4358, UNIROUEN, Normandy University, Rouen, France
- Fédération de Recherche Normandie-Végétal – FED 4277, Rouen, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (I.U.F.), Paris, France
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30
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Islami M, Payandeh Z, Dalir Abdolahinia E, Saburi E, Soleimanifar F, Kehtari M, Mortazavi Y, Nadri S, Darvish M. Fucosylated umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem cell expansion on selectin-coated scaffolds. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:22593-22603. [PMID: 31102280 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Despite the advantages of transplantation of umbilical cord blood's (UCB's) hematopoietic stem cells (uHSCs) for hematologic malignancy treatment, there are two major challenges in using them: (a) Insufficient amount of uHSCs in a UCB unit; (b) a defect in uHSCs homing to bone marrow (BM) due to loose binding of their surface glycan ligands to BM's endothelium selectin receptors. To overcome these limitations, after poly l-lactic acid (PLLA) scaffold establishment and incubation of uHSCs with fucosyltransferase-VI and GDP-fucose, ex vivo expansion of these cells on selectin-coated scaffold was done. The characteristics of the cultured fucosylated and nonfucosylated cells on a two-dimensional culture system, PLLA, and a selectin-coated scaffold were evaluated by flow cytometry, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, colony-forming unit (CFU) assay, and CXCR4 expression at the messenger RNA and protein levels. According to the findings of this study, optimized attachment to the scaffold in scanning electron microscopy micrograph, maximum count of CFU, and the highest 570 nm absorption were observed in fucosylated cells expanded on selectin-coated scaffolds. Furthermore, real-time polymerase chain reaction showed the highest expression of the CXCR4 gene, and immunocytochemistry data confirmed that the CXCR4 protein was functional in this group compared with the other groups. Considered together, the results showed that selectin-coated scaffold could be a supportive structure for fucosylated uHSC expansion and homing by nanotopography. Fucosylated cells placed on the selectin-coated scaffold serve as a basal surface for cell-cell interaction and more homing potential of uHSCs. Accordingly, this procedure can also be considered as a promising technique for the hematological disorder treatment and tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Islami
- Dietary Supplements and Probiotic Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Science, Karaj, Iran
| | - Zahra Payandeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elaheh Dalir Abdolahinia
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Ehsan Saburi
- Immunogenetic and Cell Culture Department, Immunology Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Soleimanifar
- Dietary Supplements and Probiotic Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Science, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mousa Kehtari
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yousef Mortazavi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.,Cancer Gene Therapy Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Samad Nadri
- Cancer Gene Therapy Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.,Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Maryam Darvish
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Science, Arāk, Iran
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31
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Abstract
Fucosyl-oligosaccharides (FOSs) play physiologically important roles as prebiotics, neuronal growth factors, and inhibitors of enteropathogens. However, challenges in designed synthesis and mass production of FOSs hamper their industrial applications. Here, we report flexible biosynthetic routes to produce various FOSs, including unnatural ones, through in vitro enzymatic reactions of various sugar acceptors, such as glucose, cellobiose, and agarobiose, and GDP-l-fucose as the fucose donor by using α1,2-fucosyltransferase (FucT2). Also, the whole-cell conversion for fucosylation of various sugar acceptors by overexpressing the genes associated with GDP-l-fucose production and fucT2 gene in Escherichia coli was demonstrated by producing 17.74 g/L of 2'-fucosylgalactose (2'-FG). Prebiotic effects of 2'-FG were verified on the basis of selective fermentability of 2'-FG by probiotic bifidobacteria. These biosynthetic routes can be used to engineer industrial microorganisms for more economical, more flexible, and safer production of FOSs than chemical synthesis of FOSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Ju Yun
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Jing-Jing Liu
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Jae Won Lee
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Suryang Kwak
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Sora Yu
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Heon Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Youg-Su Jin
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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32
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Abstract
Despite decades of intensive attention directed to creation of genetically altered cells (e.g., as in development of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells) and/or to achieve requisite in vitro accumulation of desired immunologic effectors (e.g., elaboration of virus-specific T cells, expansion of NK cells, differentiation of dendritic cells, isolation, and propagation of Tregs, etc.), there has been essentially no interest in the most fundamental of all hurdles: assuring tissue-specific delivery of administered therapeutic cells to sites where they are needed. With regards to use of CAR T-cells, the absence of information on the efficacy of cell delivery is striking, especially in light of the clear association between administered cell dose and adverse events, and the obvious fact that pertinent cell acquisition/expansion costs would be dramatically curtailed with more efficient delivery of the administered cell bolus. Herein, based on information garnered from studies of human leukocytes and adult stem cells, the logic underlying the use of cell surface glycoengineering to enforce E-selectin ligand expression will be conveyed in the context of how this approach offers strategies to enhance delivery of CAR T-cells to marrow and to tumor beds. This application of glycoscience principles and techniques with intention to optimize cell therapeutics is a prime example of the emerging field of “translational glycobiology.”
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Sackstein
- Department of Translational Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
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33
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Bandini G, Leon DR, Hoppe CM, Zhang Y, Agop-Nersesian C, Shears MJ, Mahal LK, Routier FH, Costello CE, Samuelson J. O-Fucosylation of thrombospondin-like repeats is required for processing of microneme protein 2 and for efficient host cell invasion by Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites. J Biol Chem 2018; 294:1967-1983. [PMID: 30538131 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.005179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular parasite that causes disseminated infections that can produce neurological damage in fetuses and immunocompromised individuals. Microneme protein 2 (MIC2), a member of the thrombospondin-related anonymous protein (TRAP) family, is a secreted protein important for T. gondii motility, host cell attachment, invasion, and egress. MIC2 contains six thrombospondin type I repeats (TSRs) that are modified by C-mannose and O-fucose in Plasmodium spp. and mammals. Here, using MS analysis, we found that the four TSRs in T. gondii MIC2 with protein O-fucosyltransferase 2 (POFUT2) acceptor sites are modified by a dHexHex disaccharide, whereas Trp residues within three TSRs are also modified with C-mannose. Disruption of genes encoding either POFUT2 or the putative GDP-fucose transporter (NST2) resulted in loss of MIC2 O-fucosylation, as detected by an antibody against the GlcFuc disaccharide, and in markedly reduced cellular levels of MIC2. Furthermore, in 10-15% of the Δpofut2 or Δnst2 vacuoles, MIC2 accumulated earlier in the secretory pathway rather than localizing to micronemes. Dissemination of tachyzoites in human foreskin fibroblasts was reduced for these knockouts, which both exhibited defects in attachment to and invasion of host cells comparable with the Δmic2 phenotype. These results, indicating that O-fucosylation of TSRs is required for efficient processing of MIC2 and for normal parasite invasion, are consistent with the recent demonstration that Plasmodium falciparum Δpofut2 strain has decreased virulence and also support a conserved role for this glycosylation pathway in quality control of TSR-containing proteins in eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Bandini
- From the Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Boston University Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118
| | - Deborah R Leon
- the Department of Biochemistry, Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118
| | - Carolin M Hoppe
- the Department of Clinical Biochemistry OE4340, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Yue Zhang
- the Department of Chemistry, Biomedical Chemistry Institute, New York University, New York, New York 10003, and
| | - Carolina Agop-Nersesian
- From the Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Boston University Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118
| | - Melanie J Shears
- the Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute and Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Lara K Mahal
- the Department of Chemistry, Biomedical Chemistry Institute, New York University, New York, New York 10003, and
| | - Françoise H Routier
- the Department of Clinical Biochemistry OE4340, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Catherine E Costello
- the Department of Biochemistry, Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118
| | - John Samuelson
- From the Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Boston University Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118,
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34
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Abstract
Lung cancer is a disease that influences human health and has become a leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. However, it is frequently diagnosed at the advanced stage. It is necessary by means of biology to identify specific lung tumor biomarkers with high sensitivity. Glycosylation is one of the most important post-translational modifications and is related to many different diseases. It is involved in numerous essential biological processes, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, cell-cell integrity and recognition, and immune modulation. However, little was known about deregulation of glycosylation in lung cancer and contribution to tumor–microenvironment interactions. Among the numerous glycosylations, fucosylation is the most common modification of glycoproteins and glycosylated oligosaccharides. Increased levels of fucosylation have been detected in various pathological conditions, as well as in lung cancer. In this article, we reviewed the role of fucosylation in lung cancer. We highlighted some of the fucosylation alterations currently being pursued in sera or tissues of lung cancer patients. Moreover, we elaborated on the regulation mechanism of fucosylation in proliferative invasion and metastasis of lung tumor cells. In summary, alterations in fucosylation provide potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Jia
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tianran Ma
- Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yayuan Guo
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuan Yu
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China.,Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi, Xi'an, China
| | - Jihong Cui
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China.,Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi, Xi'an, China
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35
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Khurana S, Coffey MJ, John A, Uboldi AD, Huynh MH, Stewart RJ, Carruthers VB, Tonkin CJ, Goddard-Borger ED, Scott NE. Protein O- fucosyltransferase 2-mediated O-glycosylation of the adhesin MIC2 is dispensable for Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoite infection. J Biol Chem 2018; 294:1541-1553. [PMID: 30514763 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.005357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii is a ubiquitous, obligate intracellular eukaryotic parasite that causes congenital birth defects, disease in immunocompromised individuals, and blindness. Protein glycosylation plays an important role in the infectivity and evasion of immune responses of many eukaryotic parasites and is also of great relevance to vaccine design. Here we demonstrate that micronemal protein 2 (MIC2), a motility-associated adhesin of T. gondii, has highly glycosylated thrombospondin repeat (TSR) domains. Using affinity-purified MIC2 and MS/MS analysis along with enzymatic digestion assays, we observed that at least seven C-linked and three O-linked glycosylation sites exist within MIC2, with >95% occupancy at these O-glycosylation sites. We found that addition of O-glycans to MIC2 is mediated by a protein O-fucosyltransferase 2 homolog (TgPOFUT2) encoded by the TGGT1_273550 gene. Even though POFUT2 homologs are important for stabilizing motility-associated adhesins and for host infection in other apicomplexan parasites, loss of TgPOFUT2 in T. gondii had only a modest impact on MIC2 levels and the wider parasite proteome. Consistent with this, both plaque formation and tachyzoite invasion were broadly similar in the presence or absence of TgPOFUT2. These findings indicate that TgPOFUT2 O-glycosylates MIC2 and that this glycan, in contrast to previous findings in another study, is dispensable in T. gondii tachyzoites and for T. gondii infectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Khurana
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Michael J Coffey
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Alan John
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Alessandro D Uboldi
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - My-Hang Huynh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Rebecca J Stewart
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Vern B Carruthers
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Christopher J Tonkin
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - Ethan D Goddard-Borger
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - Nichollas E Scott
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
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36
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Santos-Cortez RLP, Chiong CM, Frank DN, Ryan AF, Giese APJ, Bootpetch Roberts T, Daly KA, Steritz MJ, Szeremeta W, Pedro M, Pine H, Yarza TKL, Scholes MA, Llanes EGDV, Yousaf S, Friedman N, Tantoco MLC, Wine TM, Labra PJ, Benoit J, Ruiz AG, de la Cruz RAR, Greenlee C, Yousaf A, Cardwell J, Nonato RMA, Ray D, Ong KMC, So E, Robertson CE, Dinwiddie J, Lagrana-Villagracia SM, Gubbels SP, Shaikh RS, Cass SP, Einarsdottir E, Lee NR, Schwartz DA, Gloria-Cruz TLI, Bamshad MJ, Yang IV, Kere J, Abes GT, Prager JD, Riazuddin S, Chan AL, Yoon PJ, Nickerson DA, Cutiongco-de la Paz EM, Streubel SO, Reyes-Quintos MRT, Jenkins HA, Mattila P, Chan KH, Mohlke KL, Leal SM, Hafrén L, Chonmaitree T, Sale MM, Ahmed ZM. FUT2 Variants Confer Susceptibility to Familial Otitis Media. Am J Hum Genet 2018; 103:679-690. [PMID: 30401457 PMCID: PMC6217759 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-secretor status due to homozygosity for the common FUT2 variant c.461G>A (p.Trp154∗) is associated with either risk for autoimmune diseases or protection against viral diarrhea and HIV. We determined the role of FUT2 in otitis media susceptibility by obtaining DNA samples from 609 multi-ethnic families and simplex case subjects with otitis media. Exome and Sanger sequencing, linkage analysis, and Fisher exact and transmission disequilibrium tests (TDT) were performed. The common FUT2 c.604C>T (p.Arg202∗) variant co-segregates with otitis media in a Filipino pedigree (LOD = 4.0). Additionally, a rare variant, c.412C>T (p.Arg138Cys), is associated with recurrent/chronic otitis media in European-American children (p = 1.2 × 10-5) and US trios (TDT p = 0.01). The c.461G>A (p.Trp154∗) variant was also over-transmitted in US trios (TDT p = 0.01) and was associated with shifts in middle ear microbiota composition (PERMANOVA p < 10-7) and increased biodiversity. When all missense and nonsense variants identified in multi-ethnic US trios with CADD > 20 were combined, FUT2 variants were over-transmitted in trios (TDT p = 0.001). Fut2 is transiently upregulated in mouse middle ear after inoculation with non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae. Four FUT2 variants-namely p.Ala104Val, p.Arg138Cys, p.Trp154∗, and p.Arg202∗-reduced A antigen in mutant-transfected COS-7 cells, while the nonsense variants also reduced FUT2 protein levels. Common and rare FUT2 variants confer susceptibility to otitis media, likely by modifying the middle ear microbiome through regulation of A antigen levels in epithelial cells. Our families demonstrate marked intra-familial genetic heterogeneity, suggesting that multiple combinations of common and rare variants plus environmental factors influence the individual otitis media phenotype as a complex trait.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regie Lyn P Santos-Cortez
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine (CUSOM), Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Center for Children's Surgery, Children's Hospital Colorado (CHCO), Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Philippine National Ear Institute, University of the Philippines (UP) Manila - National Institutes of Health (NIH), Manila 1000, Philippines.
| | - Charlotte M Chiong
- Philippine National Ear Institute, University of the Philippines (UP) Manila - National Institutes of Health (NIH), Manila 1000, Philippines; National Hearing Screening Reference Center, UP Manila-NIH, Manila 1000, Philippines; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, UP Manila College of Medicine - Philippine General Hospital, Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Daniel N Frank
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, CUSOM, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Allen F Ryan
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Arnaud P J Giese
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Tori Bootpetch Roberts
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine (CUSOM), Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kathleen A Daly
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Matthew J Steritz
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine (CUSOM), Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Wasyl Szeremeta
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Melquiadesa Pedro
- Philippine National Ear Institute, University of the Philippines (UP) Manila - National Institutes of Health (NIH), Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Harold Pine
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Talitha Karisse L Yarza
- Philippine National Ear Institute, University of the Philippines (UP) Manila - National Institutes of Health (NIH), Manila 1000, Philippines; National Hearing Screening Reference Center, UP Manila-NIH, Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Melissa A Scholes
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine (CUSOM), Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, CHCO, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Erasmo Gonzalo D V Llanes
- Philippine National Ear Institute, University of the Philippines (UP) Manila - National Institutes of Health (NIH), Manila 1000, Philippines; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, UP Manila College of Medicine - Philippine General Hospital, Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Saira Yousaf
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Norman Friedman
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine (CUSOM), Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, CHCO, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Ma Leah C Tantoco
- Philippine National Ear Institute, University of the Philippines (UP) Manila - National Institutes of Health (NIH), Manila 1000, Philippines; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, UP Manila College of Medicine - Philippine General Hospital, Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Todd M Wine
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine (CUSOM), Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, CHCO, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Patrick John Labra
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, UP Manila College of Medicine - Philippine General Hospital, Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Jeanne Benoit
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, CUSOM, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Amanda G Ruiz
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine (CUSOM), Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, CHCO, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Rhodieleen Anne R de la Cruz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, UP Manila College of Medicine - Philippine General Hospital, Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Christopher Greenlee
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine (CUSOM), Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, CHCO, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Ayesha Yousaf
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | | | - Rachelle Marie A Nonato
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, UP Manila College of Medicine - Philippine General Hospital, Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Dylan Ray
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine (CUSOM), Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kimberly Mae C Ong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, UP Manila College of Medicine - Philippine General Hospital, Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Edward So
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Charles E Robertson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, CUSOM, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jordyn Dinwiddie
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine (CUSOM), Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, CHCO, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Sheryl Mae Lagrana-Villagracia
- Philippine National Ear Institute, University of the Philippines (UP) Manila - National Institutes of Health (NIH), Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Samuel P Gubbels
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine (CUSOM), Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Rehan S Shaikh
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Stephen P Cass
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine (CUSOM), Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Elisabet Einarsdottir
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Molecular Neurology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland; Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge 141 83, Sweden
| | - Nanette R Lee
- USC-Office of Population Studies Foundation and Department of Anthropology, Sociology and History, University of San Carlos, Cebu City 6000, Philippines
| | | | - Teresa Luisa I Gloria-Cruz
- Philippine National Ear Institute, University of the Philippines (UP) Manila - National Institutes of Health (NIH), Manila 1000, Philippines; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, UP Manila College of Medicine - Philippine General Hospital, Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Michael J Bamshad
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Ivana V Yang
- Department of Medicine, CUSOM, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Juha Kere
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Molecular Neurology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland; Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge 141 83, Sweden; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Generoso T Abes
- Philippine National Ear Institute, University of the Philippines (UP) Manila - National Institutes of Health (NIH), Manila 1000, Philippines; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, UP Manila College of Medicine - Philippine General Hospital, Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Jeremy D Prager
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine (CUSOM), Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, CHCO, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Saima Riazuddin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Abner L Chan
- Philippine National Ear Institute, University of the Philippines (UP) Manila - National Institutes of Health (NIH), Manila 1000, Philippines; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, UP Manila College of Medicine - Philippine General Hospital, Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Patricia J Yoon
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine (CUSOM), Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, CHCO, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Deborah A Nickerson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | | | - Sven-Olrik Streubel
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine (CUSOM), Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, CHCO, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Maria Rina T Reyes-Quintos
- Philippine National Ear Institute, University of the Philippines (UP) Manila - National Institutes of Health (NIH), Manila 1000, Philippines; National Hearing Screening Reference Center, UP Manila-NIH, Manila 1000, Philippines; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, UP Manila College of Medicine - Philippine General Hospital, Manila 1000, Philippines; UP Manila - NIH, Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Herman A Jenkins
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine (CUSOM), Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Petri Mattila
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00029 HUS, Finland
| | - Kenny H Chan
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine (CUSOM), Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, CHCO, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Karen L Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Suzanne M Leal
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lena Hafrén
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00029 HUS, Finland
| | - Tasnee Chonmaitree
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, UTMB, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Michele M Sale
- Center for Public Health Genomics, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Zubair M Ahmed
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Carcinogenesis, a multistep process involves sequential changes during neoplastic transformation. The various hallmarks of cancer aid in cell survival, proliferation, and dissemination. Aberrant glycosylation, a recently defined hallmark of cancer, is influenced by glycosylation enzymes during carcinogenesis. Therefore, the present study measured α-2,3 and α-2,6 sialyltransferase (ST), sialidase, and α-L-fucosidase activity in patients with oral precancerous conditions (OPC) and oral cancer patients. SUBJECTS: The study enrolled 100 oral cancer patients, 50 patients with OPC, 100 healthy controls, and 46 posttreatment follow-ups of oral cancer patients. Blood and saliva were collected from all the participants. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sialidase activity was measured by spectrofluorimetric method, α-2,3 and α-2,6 ST by ELISA using biotinylated lectins, and α-L-fucosidase by spectrophotometric method. RESULTS: The results depicted increased levels of sialidase, α-2,3 and α-2,6 ST, α-L-fucosidase in patients with OPC and oral cancer patients. Receiver operating characteristic curve indicated significant discriminatory efficacy in distinguishing controls and oral cancer patients for serum and salivary sialidase and α-L-fucosidase activity, and serum α-2,6 ST. Furthermore, serum and salivary α-L-fucosidase activity and serum sialidase activity significantly distinguished controls and patients with OPC. Serum and salivary sialidase, α-L-fucosidase, and serum α-2,3 ST activity were higher in patients with metastasis as compared to nonmetastatic patients. Higher values of serum α-L-fucosidase activity were significantly associated with low-overall survival. CONCLUSION: The increased levels of enzymes correlated with tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis in oral cancer patients. The alterations in glycosyltransferases/glycosidases thus support the view of glycosylation as a hallmark of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhairavi N Vajaria
- Department of Cancer Biology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Kinjal A Patel
- Department of Cancer Biology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Prabhudas S Patel
- Department of Cancer Biology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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López-Lucas MD, Pachón-Peña G, García-Hernández AM, Parrado A, Sánchez-Salinas D, García-Bernal D, Algueró MDC, Martinez FI, Blanquer M, Cabañas-Perianes V, Molina-Molina M, Asín-Aguilar C, Moraleda JM, Sackstein R. Production via good manufacturing practice of exofucosylated human mesenchymal stromal cells for clinical applications. Cytotherapy 2018; 20:1110-1123. [PMID: 30170815 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The regenerative and immunomodulatory properties of human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) have raised great hope for their use in cell therapy. However, when intravenously infused, hMSCs fail to reach sites of tissue injury. Fucose addition in α(1,3)-linkage to terminal sialyllactosamines on CD44 creates the molecule known as hematopoietic cell E-/L-selectin ligand (HCELL), programming hMSC binding to E-selectin that is expressed on microvascular endothelial cells of bone marrow (BM), skin and at all sites of inflammation. Here we describe how this modification on BM-derived hMSCs (BM-hMSCs) can be adapted to good manufacturing practice (GMP) standards. METHODS BM-hMSCs were expanded using xenogenic-free media and exofucosylated using α(1,3)-fucosyltransferases VI (FTVI) or VII (FTVII). Enforced fucosylation converted CD44 into HCELL, and HCELL formation was assessed using Western blot, flow cytometry and cell-binding assays. Untreated (unfucosylated), buffer-treated and exofucosylated BM-hMSCs were each analyzed for cell viability, immunophenotype and differentiation potential, and E-selectin binding stability was assessed at room temperature, at 4°C, and after cryopreservation. Cell product safety was evaluated using microbiological testing, karyotype analysis, and c-Myc messenger RNA (mRNA) expression, and potential effects on genetic reprogramming and in cell signaling were analyzed using gene expression microarrays and receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) phosphorylation arrays. RESULTS Our protocol efficiently generates HCELL on clinical-scale batches of BM-hMSCs. Exofucosylation yields stable HCELL expression for 48 h at 4°C, with retained expression after cell cryopreservation. Cell viability and identity are unaffected by exofucosylation, without changes in gene expression or RTK phosphorylation. DISCUSSION The described exofucosylation protocol using xenogenic-free reagents enforces HCELL expression on hMSCs endowing potent E-selectin binding without affecting cell viability or native phenotype. This described protocol is readily scalable for GMP-compliant clinical production.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Dolores López-Lucas
- Red de Terapia Celular (TerCel), Instituto de Salud Carlos III. University of Murcia; Stem Cell Transplant and Cell Therapy Unit, Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinic University Hospital and Institute for Biohealth Research (IMIB-Arrixaca), Ctra. Madrid-Cartagena s/n, El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
| | - Gisela Pachón-Peña
- The Program of Excellence in Glycosciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, and the Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ana María García-Hernández
- Red de Terapia Celular (TerCel), Instituto de Salud Carlos III. University of Murcia; Stem Cell Transplant and Cell Therapy Unit, Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinic University Hospital and Institute for Biohealth Research (IMIB-Arrixaca), Ctra. Madrid-Cartagena s/n, El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
| | - Antonio Parrado
- Immunology Service, Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinic University Hospital, Institute for Biohealth Research (IMIB-Arrixaca), Ctra. Madrid-Cartagena s/n, El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
| | - Darío Sánchez-Salinas
- Red de Terapia Celular (TerCel), Instituto de Salud Carlos III. University of Murcia; Stem Cell Transplant and Cell Therapy Unit, Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinic University Hospital and Institute for Biohealth Research (IMIB-Arrixaca), Ctra. Madrid-Cartagena s/n, El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
| | - David García-Bernal
- Red de Terapia Celular (TerCel), Instituto de Salud Carlos III. University of Murcia; Stem Cell Transplant and Cell Therapy Unit, Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinic University Hospital and Institute for Biohealth Research (IMIB-Arrixaca), Ctra. Madrid-Cartagena s/n, El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
| | - Maria Del Carmen Algueró
- Red de Terapia Celular (TerCel), Instituto de Salud Carlos III. University of Murcia; Stem Cell Transplant and Cell Therapy Unit, Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinic University Hospital and Institute for Biohealth Research (IMIB-Arrixaca), Ctra. Madrid-Cartagena s/n, El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisca Iniesta Martinez
- Red de Terapia Celular (TerCel), Instituto de Salud Carlos III. University of Murcia; Stem Cell Transplant and Cell Therapy Unit, Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinic University Hospital and Institute for Biohealth Research (IMIB-Arrixaca), Ctra. Madrid-Cartagena s/n, El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
| | - Miguel Blanquer
- Red de Terapia Celular (TerCel), Instituto de Salud Carlos III. University of Murcia; Stem Cell Transplant and Cell Therapy Unit, Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinic University Hospital and Institute for Biohealth Research (IMIB-Arrixaca), Ctra. Madrid-Cartagena s/n, El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
| | - Valentín Cabañas-Perianes
- Red de Terapia Celular (TerCel), Instituto de Salud Carlos III. University of Murcia; Stem Cell Transplant and Cell Therapy Unit, Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinic University Hospital and Institute for Biohealth Research (IMIB-Arrixaca), Ctra. Madrid-Cartagena s/n, El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
| | - Mar Molina-Molina
- Red de Terapia Celular (TerCel), Instituto de Salud Carlos III. University of Murcia; Stem Cell Transplant and Cell Therapy Unit, Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinic University Hospital and Institute for Biohealth Research (IMIB-Arrixaca), Ctra. Madrid-Cartagena s/n, El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
| | - Cira Asín-Aguilar
- Red de Terapia Celular (TerCel), Instituto de Salud Carlos III. University of Murcia; Stem Cell Transplant and Cell Therapy Unit, Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinic University Hospital and Institute for Biohealth Research (IMIB-Arrixaca), Ctra. Madrid-Cartagena s/n, El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
| | - José M Moraleda
- Red de Terapia Celular (TerCel), Instituto de Salud Carlos III. University of Murcia; Stem Cell Transplant and Cell Therapy Unit, Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinic University Hospital and Institute for Biohealth Research (IMIB-Arrixaca), Ctra. Madrid-Cartagena s/n, El Palmar, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Robert Sackstein
- The Program of Excellence in Glycosciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, and the Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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Yanda MK, Liu Q, Cebotaru L. A potential strategy for reducing cysts in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease with a CFTR corrector. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:11513-11526. [PMID: 29875161 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.001846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is associated with progressive enlargement of cysts, leading to a decline in function and renal failure that cannot be prevented by current treatments. Mutations in pkd1 and pkd2, encoding the polycystin 1 and 2 proteins, induce growth-related pathways, including heat shock proteins, as occurs in some cancers, raising the prospect that pharmacological interventions that target these pathways might alleviate or prevent ADPKD. Here, we demonstrate a role for VX-809, a corrector of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), conventionally used to manage cystic fibrosis in reducing renal cyst growth. VX-809 reduced cyst growth in Pkd1-knockout mice and in proximal, tubule-derived, cultured Pkd1 knockout cells. VX-809 reduced both basal and forskolin-activated cAMP levels and also decreased the expression of the adenylyl cyclase AC3 but not of AC6. VX-809 also decreased resting levels of intracellular Ca2+ but did not affect ATP-stimulated Ca2+ release. Notably, VX-809 dramatically decreased thapsigargin-induced release of Ca2+ from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). VX-809 also reduced the levels of heat shock proteins Hsp27, Hsp70, and Hsp90 in mice cystic kidneys, consistent with the restoration of cellular proteostasis. Moreover, VX-809 strongly decreased an ER stress marker, the GADD153 protein, and cell proliferation but had only a small effect on apoptosis. Given that administration of VX-809 is safe, this drug potentially offers a new way to treat patients with ADPKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murali K Yanda
- Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Qiangni Liu
- Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Liudmila Cebotaru
- Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.
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40
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Abstract
Fucose is a 6-deoxy hexose in the l-configuration found in a large variety of different organisms. In mammals, fucose is incorporated into N-glycans, O-glycans and glycolipids by 13 fucosyltransferases, all of which utilize the nucleotide-charged form, GDP-fucose, to modify targets. Three of the fucosyltransferases, FUT8, FUT12/POFUT1 and FUT13/POFUT2, are essential for proper development in mice. Fucose modifications have also been implicated in many other biological functions including immunity and cancer. Congenital mutations of a Golgi apparatus localized GDP-fucose transporter causes leukocyte adhesion deficiency type II, which results in severe developmental and immune deficiencies, highlighting the important role fucose plays in these processes. Additionally, changes in levels of fucosylated proteins have proven as useful tools for determining cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Chemically modified fucose analogs can be used to alter many of these fucose dependent processes or as tools to better understand them. In this review, we summarize the known roles of fucose in mammalian physiology and pathophysiology. Additionally, we discuss recent therapeutic advances for cancer and other diseases that are a direct result of our improved understanding of the role that fucose plays in these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Schneider
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Esam Al-Shareffi
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC 20007, USA
| | - Robert S Haltiwanger
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.,Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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41
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Zhan L, Chen L, Chen Z. Knockdown of FUT3 disrupts the proliferation, migration, tumorigenesis and TGF-β induced EMT in pancreatic cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:924-930. [PMID: 29963165 PMCID: PMC6019892 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Fucosyltransferases (FUTs) are critical for glycoproteins and glycolipid chains and serve an important role in the adhesive interaction between selectins and their ligands, which contribute to tumor cell spread and metastasis. While multiple cancer cell lines heavily express FUT3, the present study investigated the expression level of FUT3 in different human pancreatic cancer cell lines. Forced expression and knockdown of FUT3 in different pancreatic cancer cell line demonstrated that FUT3 is important in cell proliferation. Using wound healing and transwell assays, it was observed that the migratory ability was decreased in FUT3 downregulated Capan-1 cell line, compared with the normal Capan-1 cell line. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the knockdown of FUT3 impaired the adhesion of Capan-1 with E-selectin and inhibited transforming growth factor (TGF)-β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition. These data suggest that the knockdown of FUT3 inhibits the tumorigenesis in vivo and FUT3 may be a promising target aiming at reducing the metastatic virulence of pancreatic cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhan
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Lianyu Chen
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
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42
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Mondal N, Dykstra B, Lee J, Ashline DJ, Reinhold VN, Rossi DJ, Sackstein R. Distinct human α(1,3)- fucosyltransferases drive Lewis-X/sialyl Lewis-X assembly in human cells. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:7300-7314. [PMID: 29593094 PMCID: PMC5950021 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra117.000775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In humans, six α(1,3)-fucosyltransferases (α(1,3)-FTs: FT3/FT4/FT5/FT6/FT7/FT9) reportedly fucosylate terminal lactosaminyl glycans yielding Lewis-X (LeX; CD15) and/or sialyl Lewis-X (sLeX; CD15s), structures that play key functions in cell migration, development, and immunity. Prior studies analyzing α(1,3)-FT specificities utilized either purified and/or recombinant enzymes to modify synthetic substrates under nonphysiological reaction conditions or molecular biology approaches wherein α(1,3)-FTs were expressed in mammalian cell lines, notably excluding investigations using primary human cells. Accordingly, although significant insights into α(1,3)-FT catalytic properties have been obtained, uncertainty persists regarding their human LeX/sLeX biosynthetic range across various glycoconjugates. Here, we undertook a comprehensive evaluation of the lactosaminyl product specificities of intracellularly expressed α(1,3)-FTs using a clinically relevant primary human cell type, mesenchymal stem cells. Cells were transfected with modified mRNA encoding each human α(1,3)-FT, and the resultant α(1,3)-fucosylated lactosaminyl glycoconjugates were analyzed using a combination of flow cytometry and MS. The data show that biosynthesis of sLeX is driven by FTs-3, -5, -6, and -7, with FT6 and FT7 having highest potency. FT4 and FT9 dominantly biosynthesize LeX, and, among all FTs, FT6 holds a unique capacity in creating sLeX and LeX determinants across protein and lipid glycoconjugates. Surprisingly, FT4 does not generate sLeX on glycolipids, and neither FT4, FT6, nor FT9 synthesizes the internally fucosylated sialyllactosamine VIM-2 (CD65s). These results unveil the relevant human lactosaminyl glycans created by human α(1,3)-FTs, providing novel insights on how these isoenzymes stereoselectively shape biosynthesis of vital glycoconjugates, thereby biochemically programming human cell migration and tuning human immunologic and developmental processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandini Mondal
- Department of Dermatology and Harvard Skin Disease Research Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Program of Excellence in Glycosciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Brad Dykstra
- Department of Dermatology and Harvard Skin Disease Research Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Program of Excellence in Glycosciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Jungmin Lee
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
| | - David J Ashline
- Program of Excellence in Glycosciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Biomedical Sciences, The Glycomics Center, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03828
| | - Vernon N Reinhold
- Program of Excellence in Glycosciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Biomedical Sciences, The Glycomics Center, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03828
| | - Derrick J Rossi
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
| | - Robert Sackstein
- Department of Dermatology and Harvard Skin Disease Research Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Program of Excellence in Glycosciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
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43
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Modi BP, Teves ME, Pearson LN, Parikh HI, Haymond‐Thornburg H, Tucker JL, Chaemsaithong P, Gomez‐Lopez N, York TP, Romero R, Strauss JF. Mutations in fetal genes involved in innate immunity and host defense against microbes increase risk of preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). Mol Genet Genomic Med 2017; 5:720-729. [PMID: 29178652 PMCID: PMC5702565 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Twin studies have revealed a significant contribution of the fetal genome to risk of preterm birth. Preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) is the leading identifiable cause of preterm delivery. Infection and inflammation of the fetal membranes is commonly found associated with PPROM. METHODS We carried out whole exome sequencing (WES) of genomic DNA from neonates born of African-American mothers whose pregnancies were complicated by PPROM (76) or were normal term pregnancies (N = 43) to identify mutations in 35 candidate genes involved in innate immunity and host defenses against microbes. Targeted genotyping of mutations in the candidates discovered by WES was conducted on an additional 188 PPROM cases and 175 controls. RESULTS We identified rare heterozygous nonsense and frameshift mutations in several of the candidate genes, including CARD6, CARD8, DEFB1, FUT2, MBL2, NLP10, NLRP12, and NOD2. We discovered that some mutations (CARD6, DEFB1, FUT2, MBL2, NLRP10, NOD2) were present only in PPROM cases. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that rare damaging mutations in innate immunity and host defense genes, the majority being heterozygous, are more frequent in neonates born of pregnancies complicated by PPROM. These findings suggest that the risk of preterm birth in African-Americans may be conferred by mutations in multiple genes encoding proteins involved in dampening the innate immune response or protecting the host against microbial infection and microbial products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavi P. Modi
- Department of Human and Molecular GeneticsVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVirginia
| | - Maria E. Teves
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVirginia
| | - Laurel N. Pearson
- Department of AnthropologyPennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvania
| | - Hardik I. Parikh
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVirginia
| | | | - John L. Tucker
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVirginia
| | - Piya Chaemsaithong
- Perinatology Research BranchEunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute for Child Health and Human DevelopmentNIHDetroitMichigan
| | - Nardhy Gomez‐Lopez
- Perinatology Research BranchEunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute for Child Health and Human DevelopmentNIHDetroitMichigan
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichigan
- Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichigan
- Center for Molecular Medicine and GeneticsWayne State UniversityDetroitMichigan
| | - Timothy P. York
- Department of Human and Molecular GeneticsVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVirginia
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVirginia
| | - Roberto Romero
- Perinatology Research BranchEunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute for Child Health and Human DevelopmentNIHDetroitMichigan
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichigan
- Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichigan
- Center for Molecular Medicine and GeneticsWayne State UniversityDetroitMichigan
| | - Jerome F. Strauss
- Department of Human and Molecular GeneticsVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVirginia
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVirginia
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Urbanowicz BR, Bharadwaj VS, Alahuhta M, Peña MJ, Lunin VV, Bomble YJ, Wang S, Yang JY, Tuomivaara ST, Himmel ME, Moremen KW, York WS, Crowley MF. Structural, mutagenic and in silico studies of xyloglucan fucosylation in Arabidopsis thaliana suggest a water-mediated mechanism. Plant J 2017; 91:931-949. [PMID: 28670741 PMCID: PMC5735850 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The mechanistic underpinnings of the complex process of plant polysaccharide biosynthesis are poorly understood, largely because of the resistance of glycosyltransferase (GT) enzymes to structural characterization. In Arabidopsis thaliana, a glycosyl transferase family 37 (GT37) fucosyltransferase 1 (AtFUT1) catalyzes the regiospecific transfer of terminal 1,2-fucosyl residues to xyloglucan side chains - a key step in the biosynthesis of fucosylated sidechains of galactoxyloglucan. We unravel the mechanistic basis for fucosylation by AtFUT1 with a multipronged approach involving protein expression, X-ray crystallography, mutagenesis experiments and molecular simulations. Mammalian cell culture expressions enable the sufficient production of the enzyme for X-ray crystallography, which reveals the structural architecture of AtFUT1 in complex with bound donor and acceptor substrate analogs. The lack of an appropriately positioned active site residue as a catalytic base leads us to propose an atypical water-mediated fucosylation mechanism facilitated by an H-bonded network, which is corroborated by mutagenesis experiments as well as detailed atomistic simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breeanna R. Urbanowicz
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Vivek S. Bharadwaj
- Biosciences Division, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA
| | - Markus Alahuhta
- Biosciences Division, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA
| | - Maria J. Peña
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Vladimir V. Lunin
- Biosciences Division, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA
| | - Yannick J. Bomble
- Biosciences Division, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA
| | - Shuo Wang
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Jeong-Yeh Yang
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Sami T. Tuomivaara
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Michael E. Himmel
- Biosciences Division, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA
| | - Kelley W. Moremen
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - William S. York
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Michael F. Crowley
- Biosciences Division, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA
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45
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Yang Q, Zhang R, Cai H, Wang LX. Revisiting the substrate specificity of mammalian α1,6- fucosyltransferase reveals that it catalyzes core fucosylation of N-glycans lacking α1,3-arm GlcNAc. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:14796-14803. [PMID: 28729420 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.804070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammalian α1,6-fucosyltransferase (FUT8) catalyzes the core fucosylation of N-glycans in the biosynthesis of glycoproteins. Previously, intensive in vitro studies with crude extract or purified enzyme concluded that the attachment of a GlcNAc on the α1,3 mannose arm of N-glycan is essential for FUT8-catalyzed core fucosylation. In contrast, we have recently shown that expression of erythropoietin in a GnTI knock-out, FUT8-overexpressing cell line results in the production of fully core-fucosylated glycoforms of the oligomannose substrate Man5GlcNAc2, suggesting that FUT8 can catalyze core fucosylation of N-glycans lacking an α1,3-arm GlcNAc in cells. Here, we revisited the substrate specificity of FUT8 by examining its in vitro activity toward an array of selected N-glycans, glycopeptides, and glycoproteins. Consistent with previous studies, we found that free N-glycans lacking an unmasked α1,3-arm GlcNAc moiety are not FUT8 substrates. However, Man5GlcNAc2 glycan could be efficiently core-fucosylated by FUT8 in an appropriate protein/peptide context, such as with the erythropoietin protein, a V3 polypeptide derived from HIV-1 gp120, or a simple 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate-protected Asn moiety. Interestingly, when placed in the V3 polypeptide context, a mature bi-antennary complex-type N-glycan also could be core-fucosylated by FUT8, albeit at much lower efficiency than the Man5GlcNAc2 peptide. This study represents the first report of in vitro FUT8-catalyzed core fucosylation of N-glycans lacking the α1,3-arm GlcNAc moiety. Our results suggest that an appropriate polypeptide context or other adequate structural elements in the acceptor substrate could facilitate the core fucosylation by FUT8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Yang
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742
| | - Roushu Zhang
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742
| | - Hui Cai
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742
| | - Lai-Xi Wang
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742
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46
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Sackstein R, Schatton T, Barthel SR. T-lymphocyte homing: an underappreciated yet critical hurdle for successful cancer immunotherapy. J Transl Med 2017; 97:669-697. [PMID: 28346400 PMCID: PMC5446300 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2017.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in cancer immunotherapy have offered new hope for patients with metastatic disease. This unfolding success story has been exemplified by a growing arsenal of novel immunotherapeutics, including blocking antibodies targeting immune checkpoint pathways, cancer vaccines, and adoptive cell therapy (ACT). Nonetheless, clinical benefit remains highly variable and patient-specific, in part, because all immunotherapeutic regimens vitally hinge on the capacity of endogenous and/or adoptively transferred T-effector (Teff) cells, including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, to home efficiently into tumor target tissue. Thus, defects intrinsic to the multi-step T-cell homing cascade have become an obvious, though significantly underappreciated contributor to immunotherapy resistance. Conspicuous have been low intralesional frequencies of tumor-infiltrating T-lymphocytes (TILs) below clinically beneficial threshold levels, and peripheral rather than deep lesional TIL infiltration. Therefore, a Teff cell 'homing deficit' may arguably represent a dominant factor responsible for ineffective immunotherapeutic outcomes, as tumors resistant to immune-targeted killing thrive in such permissive, immune-vacuous microenvironments. Fortunately, emerging data is shedding light into the diverse mechanisms of immune escape by which tumors restrict Teff cell trafficking and lesional penetrance. In this review, we scrutinize evolving knowledge on the molecular determinants of Teff cell navigation into tumors. By integrating recently described, though sporadic information of pivotal adhesive and chemokine homing signatures within the tumor microenvironment with better established paradigms of T-cell trafficking under homeostatic or infectious disease scenarios, we seek to refine currently incomplete models of Teff cell entry into tumor tissue. We further summarize how cancers thwart homing to escape immune-mediated destruction and raise awareness of the potential impact of immune checkpoint blockers on Teff cell homing. Finally, we speculate on innovative therapeutic opportunities for augmenting Teff cell homing capabilities to improve immunotherapy-based tumor eradication in cancer patients, with special focus on malignant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Sackstein
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA,Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA,Harvard Skin Disease Research Center, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA,Program of Excellence in Glycosciences, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Rm 671, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Tobias Schatton
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA,Harvard Skin Disease Research Center, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Steven R. Barthel
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA,Harvard Skin Disease Research Center, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Correspondence to: Dr. Steven R. Barthel, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Rm. 673B, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115;
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47
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Buffone A, Nasirikenari M, Manhardt CT, Lugade A, Bogner PN, Sackstein R, Thanavala Y, Neelamegham S, Lau JTY. Leukocyte-borne α(1,3)-fucose is a negative regulator of β2-integrin-dependent recruitment in lung inflammation. J Leukoc Biol 2016; 101:459-470. [PMID: 27566832 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.3a0516-215rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Leukocyte recruitment in inflammation is a multistep, sequential cascade where the initial step is the selectin-dependent tethering, followed by the formation of firmer integrin-mediated adhesive forces leading to extravasation. The α(1,3)-fucose-containing sialyl-Lewis X (sLeX) is the archetypical ligand on leukocyte surfaces mediating selectin interactions. Canonically, disruption of α(1,3)-fucose formation ablates selectin-mediated adhesion, dramatically reducing trafficking. We report a paradoxical response to α(1,3)-fucose deficiency in which the loss exacerbated rather than attenuated leukocyte recruitment in a murine model of acute airway inflammation. The architecture of the capillary-dominated vasculature in the lung minimized the importance of the selectin dependent step, and we observed that α(1,3)-fucose deficiency augmented CXCR2-mediated Rap1-GTP signaling to enhance the β2-integrin-ICAM-1-binding axis. The data disclose a previously unknown function for α(1,3)-fucose, in which this structure negatively regulates the integrin activation step in leukocyte recruitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Buffone
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Mehrab Nasirikenari
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Charles T Manhardt
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Amit Lugade
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Paul N Bogner
- Department of Pathology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Robert Sackstein
- Department of Dermatology Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; and.,Program of Excellence in Glycosciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yasmin Thanavala
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Sriram Neelamegham
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Joseph T Y Lau
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA;
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48
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Rocha J, Cicéron F, Lerouxel O, Breton C, de Sanctis D. The galactoside 2-α-L- fucosyltransferase FUT1 from Arabidopsis thaliana: crystallization and experimental MAD phasing. Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun 2016; 72:564-8. [PMID: 27380374 PMCID: PMC4933007 DOI: 10.1107/s2053230x16009584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The plant cell wall is a complex network of polysaccharides made up of cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectins. Xyloglucan (XyG), which is the main hemicellulosic component of dicotyledonous plants, has attracted much attention for its role in plant development and for its many industrial applications. The XyG-specific fucosyltransferase (FUT1) adds a fucose residue from GDP-fucose to the 2-O position of the terminal galactosyl residues on XyG side chains. Recombinant FUT1 from Arabidopsis thaliana was crystallized in two different crystal forms, with the best diffracting crystals (up to 1.95 Å resolution) belonging to the monoclinic space group P21, with unit-cell parameters a = 87.6, b = 84.5, c = 150.3 Å, β = 96.3°. Ab initio phases were determined using a two-wavelength anomalous dispersion experiment on a tantalum bromide-derivatized crystal with data collected at the rising and descending inflection points of the Ta white line. An interpretable electron-density map was obtained after elaborate density modification. Model completion and structural analysis are currently under way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Rocha
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- CNRS CERMAV, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Félix Cicéron
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- CNRS CERMAV, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Olivier Lerouxel
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- CNRS CERMAV, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Christelle Breton
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- CNRS CERMAV, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Daniele de Sanctis
- ESRF – The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
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49
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Matsumoto K, Ayukawa T, Ishio A, Sasamura T, Yamakawa T, Matsuno K. Dual Roles of O-Glucose Glycans Redundant with Monosaccharide O-Fucose on Notch in Notch Trafficking. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:13743-52. [PMID: 27129198 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.710483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Notch is a transmembrane receptor that mediates cell-cell interactions and controls various cell-fate specifications in metazoans. The extracellular domain of Notch contains multiple epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like repeats. At least five different glycans are found in distinct sites within these EGF-like repeats. The function of these individual glycans in Notch signaling has been investigated, primarily by disrupting their individual glycosyltransferases. However, we are just beginning to understand the potential functional interactions between these glycans. Monosaccharide O-fucose and O-glucose trisaccharide (O-glucose-xylose-xylose) are added to many of the Notch EGF-like repeats. In Drosophila, Shams adds a xylose specifically to the monosaccharide O-glucose. We found that loss of the terminal dixylose of O-glucose-linked saccharides had little effect on Notch signaling. However, our analyses of double mutants of shams and other genes required for glycan modifications revealed that both the monosaccharide O-glucose and the terminal dixylose of O-glucose-linked saccharides function redundantly with the monosaccharide O-fucose in Notch activation and trafficking. The terminal dixylose of O-glucose-linked saccharides and the monosaccharide O-glucose were required in distinct Notch trafficking processes: Notch transport from the apical plasma membrane to adherens junctions, and Notch export from the endoplasmic reticulum, respectively. Therefore, the monosaccharide O-glucose and terminal dixylose of O-glucose-linked saccharides have distinct activities in Notch trafficking, although a loss of these activities is compensated for by the presence of monosaccharide O-fucose. Given that various glycans attached to a protein motif may have redundant functions, our results suggest that these potential redundancies may lead to a serious underestimation of glycan functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenjiroo Matsumoto
- From the Department of Biological Sciences, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043 and
| | - Tomonori Ayukawa
- the Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-1500, Japan
| | - Akira Ishio
- the Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-1500, Japan
| | - Takeshi Sasamura
- From the Department of Biological Sciences, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043 and
| | - Tomoko Yamakawa
- From the Department of Biological Sciences, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043 and
| | - Kenji Matsuno
- From the Department of Biological Sciences, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043 and
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50
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Yang Q, Wang LX. Mammalian α-1,6- Fucosyltransferase (FUT8) Is the Sole Enzyme Responsible for the N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase I-independent Core Fucosylation of High-mannose N-Glycans. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:11064-71. [PMID: 27008861 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.720789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the biosynthetic pathway of protein glycosylation in various expression cell lines is important for controlling and modulating the glycosylation profiles of recombinant glycoproteins. We found that expression of erythropoietin (EPO) in a HEK293S N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I (GnT I)(-/-) cell line resulted in production of the Man5GlcNAc2 glycoforms, in which more than 50% were core-fucosylated, implicating a clear GnT I-independent core fucosylation pathway. Expression of GM-CSF and the ectodomain of FcγIIIA receptor led to ∼30% and 3% core fucosylation, suggesting that the level of core fucosylation also depends on the nature of the recombinant proteins. To elucidate the GnT I-independent core fucosylation pathway, we generated a stable HEK293S GnT I(-/-) cell line with either knockdown or overexpression of FUT8 by a highly efficient lentivirus-mediated gene transfer approach. We found that the EPO produced from the FUT8 knockdown cell line was the pure Man5GlcNAc2 glycoform, whereas that produced from the FUT8-overexpressing cell line was found to be fully core-fucosylated oligomannose glycan (Man5GlcNAc2Fuc). These results provide direct evidence that FUT8, the mammalian α1,6-fucosyltransferase, is the sole enzyme responsible for the GnT I-independent core fucosylation pathway. The production of the homogeneous core-fucosylated Man5GlcNAc2 glycoform of EPO in the FUT8-overexpressed HEK293S GnT I(-/-) cell line represents the first example of production of fully core-fucosylated high-mannose glycoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Yang
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, Maryland 20742
| | - Lai-Xi Wang
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, Maryland 20742
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