1
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Chen Z, Song G, Qi L, Gunasekar R, Aïssa C, Robertson C, Steiner A, Xue D, Xiao J. Reductive Transamination of Pyridinium Salts to N-Aryl Piperidines. J Org Chem 2024; 89:9352-9359. [PMID: 38872240 PMCID: PMC11232014 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Saturated N-heterocycles are found in numerous bioactive natural products and are prevalent in pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. While there are many methods for their synthesis, each has its limitations, such as scope and functional group tolerance. Herein, we describe a rhodium-catalyzed transfer hydrogenation of pyridinium salts to access N-(hetero)aryl piperidines. The reaction proceeds via a reductive transamination process, involving the initial formation of a dihydropyridine intermediate via reduction of the pyridinium ion with HCOOH, which is intercepted by water and then hydrolyzed. Subsequent reductive amination with an exogenous (hetero)aryl amine affords an N-(hetero)aryl piperidine. This reductive transamination method thus allows for access of N-(hetero)aryl piperidines from readily available pyridine derivatives, expanding the toolbox of dearomatization and skeletal editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K.
| | - Geyang Song
- Key
Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education
and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
| | - Leiming Qi
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K.
| | | | - Christophe Aïssa
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K.
| | - Craig Robertson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K.
| | - Alexander Steiner
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K.
| | - Dong Xue
- Key
Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education
and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
| | - Jianliang Xiao
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K.
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2
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Sun Y, Chen J, Zhang M. Iridium-catalyzed reductive β-alkylation of (iso)quinoline derivatives by an in situ enone-trapping strategy. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:4516-4520. [PMID: 38747903 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00666f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
By employing [IrCp*Cl2]2/Mg(OMe)2/(CH2O)n as an applicable catalyst system, we report a reductive β-alkylation of (iso)quinolinium salts with cost-effective and readily available β-chloro ketones, proceeding with good chemoselectivity, mild reaction conditions, and without the need for introduction of a substituent at position-3 of the quinolyl skeleton. Mechanistic investigations suggest that the reaction proceeds via a sequence of hydride transfer-initiated dearomatization of (iso)quinolinium salts, in situ enamine-trapping of enone and a second round of hydride transfer to the coupling adducts. The present work offers an important complement to the synthesis of functionalized (iso)tetrahydroquinolines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Sun
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Rd-381, Guangzhou 510641, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianjie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Rd-381, Guangzhou 510641, People's Republic of China.
| | - Min Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Rd-381, Guangzhou 510641, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Escolano M, Gaviña D, Alzuet-Piña G, Díaz-Oltra S, Sánchez-Roselló M, Pozo CD. Recent Strategies in the Nucleophilic Dearomatization of Pyridines, Quinolines, and Isoquinolines. Chem Rev 2024; 124:1122-1246. [PMID: 38166390 PMCID: PMC10902862 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Dearomatization reactions have become fundamental chemical transformations in organic synthesis since they allow for the generation of three-dimensional complexity from two-dimensional precursors, bridging arene feedstocks with alicyclic structures. When those processes are applied to pyridines, quinolines, and isoquinolines, partially or fully saturated nitrogen heterocycles are formed, which are among the most significant structural components of pharmaceuticals and natural products. The inherent challenge of those transformations lies in the low reactivity of heteroaromatic substrates, which makes the dearomatization process thermodynamically unfavorable. Usually, connecting the dearomatization event to the irreversible formation of a strong C-C, C-H, or C-heteroatom bond compensates the energy required to disrupt the aromaticity. This aromaticity breakup normally results in a 1,2- or 1,4-functionalization of the heterocycle. Moreover, the combination of these dearomatization processes with subsequent transformations in tandem or stepwise protocols allows for multiple heterocycle functionalizations, giving access to complex molecular skeletons. The aim of this review, which covers the period from 2016 to 2022, is to update the state of the art of nucleophilic dearomatizations of pyridines, quinolines, and isoquinolines, showing the extraordinary ability of the dearomative methodology in organic synthesis and indicating their limitations and future trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Escolano
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Daniel Gaviña
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Gloria Alzuet-Piña
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Santiago Díaz-Oltra
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Sánchez-Roselló
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carlos Del Pozo
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
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4
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Zhang J, Chen Z, Chen M, Zhou Q, Zhou R, Wang W, Shao Y, Zhang F. Lanthanide/B(C 6F 5) 3-Promoted Hydroboration Reduction of Indoles and Quinolines with Pinacolborane. J Org Chem 2024. [PMID: 38178689 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
We have developed a lanthanide/B(C6F5)3-promoted hydroboration reduction of indoles and quinolines with pinacolborane (HBpin). This reaction provides streamlined access to a range of nitrogen-containing compounds in moderate to excellent yields. Large-scale synthesis and further transformations to bioactive compounds indicate that the method has potential practical applications. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggest that amine additives promote the formation of indole-borane intermediates, and the lanthanide/B(C6F5)3-promoted hydroboration reduction proceeds via hydroboration of indole-borane intermediates with HBpin and in situ-formed BH3 species, followed by the protodeborylation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Ziyan Chen
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Mingxin Chen
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Rongrong Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Wenli Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yinlin Shao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
- Institute of New Materials & Industrial Technology, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Fangjun Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
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5
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Wei S, Zhang G, Wang Y, You M, Wang Y, Zhou L, Zhang Z. Modular synthesis of unsaturated aza-heterocycles via copper catalyzed multicomponent cascade reaction. iScience 2023; 26:106137. [PMID: 36895640 PMCID: PMC9988680 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The unsaturated aza-heterocycles such as tetrahydropyridines pose significant applications in both drug discovery and development. However, the methods to construct polyfunctionalized tetrahydropyridines are still limited. Herein, we report a modular synthesis of tetrahydropyridines via copper catalyzed multicomponent radical cascade reaction. The reaction features mild conditions and broad substrate scope. In addition, the reaction could scale up to gram scale with similar yield. A variety of 1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridines with C3 and C5 substituents could be assembled from simple starting materials. More importantly, the products could serve as versatile intermediate to access various functionalized aza-heterocycles which further demonstrates its utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Wei
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua, China
| | - Guocong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua, China
| | - Yahui Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua, China
| | - Mengwei You
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua, China
| | - Liejin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua, China
| | - Zuxiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua, China
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6
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Liu T, Wang L, Wu K, Wang Q, Yu Z. Mono- and multinuclear pincer-type Ru(II) complex catalysts and their catalytic applications. Inorganica Chim Acta 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2023.121458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
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7
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Mayr J, Reich RM, Kühn FE. Ru(II) complexes with phosphine-functionalized NHC ligands in catalytic transfer hydrogenations. ADVANCES IN ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.adomc.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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8
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Synthesis of chiral piperidines from pyridinium salts via rhodium-catalysed transfer hydrogenation. Nat Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1038/s41929-022-00857-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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9
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Nekrasov RI, Peganova TA, Fedyanin IV, Gutsul EI, Filippov OA, Belkova NV, Kalsin AM. Versatile Reactivity of Half-Sandwich Rhodium(III) Iminophosphonamide Complexes. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:16081-16092. [PMID: 36149890 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Novel 18e̅ and 16e̅ pentamethylcyclopentadienyl rhodium(III) complexes [(η5-C5Me5)RhX(NPN)] (1a,b, X = Cl; 2a-c, X = PF6, BAr4F) with chelating zwitterionic iminophosphonamide (NPN) ligands (Ph2P(NR)(NR'); a, R = R' = p-Tol; b, R = p-Tol, R' = Me; c, R = R' = Me) were synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. In the 16e̅ complexes 2, the rhodium (Rh) atom is efficiently stabilized by π-donation of unshared N electrons, thus hampering coordination of the external ligands and rendering the 18e̅ complexes labile. Due to low coordination enthalpy, the cationic 18e̅ monocarbonyl and pyridine adducts 2a·L are stable only at low temperatures. At room temperature, 2·CO adducts readily give stable carbonyl-carbamoyl complexes [(η5-C5Me5)Rh(CO){(CO(NR')Ph2P(NR)}]+ (4) formed as a result of CO insertion into the Rh-N bond, thus showing high nucleophilicity of the N atoms in 18e̅ complexes. High basicity of the Na+NPN- precursors caused side deprotonation of the η5-C5Me5 ligand during the synthesis of 1 that yields unstable fulvene Rh(I) complexes [(η4-C5Me4CH2)Rh{Ph2P(NR)(NR')2}] (3a,b). Complex 3a undergoes a facile reaction with isoprene to yield an unusual [(η5:η1-C5Me4(CH2)C(Me)═CHCH2)Rh(NPN)] complex─the first example of intermolecular 1,4-metallacycloaddition of diene to the Rh-fulvene complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman I Nekrasov
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Tat'yana A Peganova
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Ivan V Fedyanin
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Evgenii I Gutsul
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Oleg A Filippov
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia V Belkova
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander M Kalsin
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation
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10
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Kischkewitz M, Marinic B, Kratena N, Lai Y, Hepburn HB, Dow M, Christensen KE, Donohoe TJ. Evolution of the Dearomative Functionalization of Activated Quinolines and Isoquinolines: Expansion of the Electrophile Scope. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202204682. [PMID: 35560761 PMCID: PMC9321684 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202204682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Herein we disclose a mild protocol for the reductive functionalisation of quinolinium and isoquinolinium salts. The reaction proceeds under transition-metal-free conditions as well as under rhodium catalysis with very low catalyst loadings (0.01 mol %) and uses inexpensive formic acid as the terminal reductant. A wide range of electrophiles, including enones, imides, unsaturated esters and sulfones, β-nitro styrenes and aldehydes are intercepted by the in situ formed enamine species forming a large variety of substituted tetrahydro(iso)quinolines. Electrophiles are incorporated at the C-3 and C-4 position for quinolines and isoquinolines respectively, providing access to substitution patterns which are not favoured in electrophilic or nucleophilic aromatic substitution. Finally, this reactivity was exploited to facilitate three types of annulation reactions, giving rise to complex polycyclic products of a formal [3+3] or [4+2] cycloaddition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin Kischkewitz
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research LaboratoryMansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Bruno Marinic
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research LaboratoryMansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Nicolas Kratena
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research LaboratoryMansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Yonglin Lai
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research LaboratoryMansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Hamish B. Hepburn
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research LaboratoryMansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Mark Dow
- Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & DevelopmentOperations, AstraZenecaMacclesfieldSK10 2NAUK
| | - Kirsten E. Christensen
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research LaboratoryMansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Timothy J. Donohoe
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research LaboratoryMansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
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11
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Kischkewitz M, Marinic B, Kratena N, Lai Y, Hepburn HB, Dow M, Christensen KE, Donohoe TJ. Evolution of the Dearomative Functionalization of Activated Quinolines and Isoquinolines: Expansion of the Electrophile Scope. ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 134:e202204682. [PMID: 38505668 PMCID: PMC10946825 DOI: 10.1002/ange.202204682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Herein we disclose a mild protocol for the reductive functionalisation of quinolinium and isoquinolinium salts. The reaction proceeds under transition-metal-free conditions as well as under rhodium catalysis with very low catalyst loadings (0.01 mol %) and uses inexpensive formic acid as the terminal reductant. A wide range of electrophiles, including enones, imides, unsaturated esters and sulfones, β-nitro styrenes and aldehydes are intercepted by the in situ formed enamine species forming a large variety of substituted tetrahydro(iso)quinolines. Electrophiles are incorporated at the C-3 and C-4 position for quinolines and isoquinolines respectively, providing access to substitution patterns which are not favoured in electrophilic or nucleophilic aromatic substitution. Finally, this reactivity was exploited to facilitate three types of annulation reactions, giving rise to complex polycyclic products of a formal [3+3] or [4+2] cycloaddition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin Kischkewitz
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research LaboratoryMansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Bruno Marinic
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research LaboratoryMansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Nicolas Kratena
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research LaboratoryMansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Yonglin Lai
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research LaboratoryMansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Hamish B. Hepburn
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research LaboratoryMansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Mark Dow
- Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & DevelopmentOperations, AstraZenecaMacclesfieldSK10 2NAUK
| | - Kirsten E. Christensen
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research LaboratoryMansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Timothy J. Donohoe
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research LaboratoryMansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
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12
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Tomar R, Bhattacharya D, Arulananda Babu S. Direct lactamization of β‐arylated δ‐aminopentanoic acid carboxamides: En route to 4‐aryl‐ 2‐piperidones, piperidines, antituberculosis molecule Q203 (Telacebec) and its analogues. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Radha Tomar
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali Chemical Sciences INDIA
| | | | - Srinivasarao Arulananda Babu
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali Department of Chemical Sciences Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar,Mohali, Manauli P.O., 140306 Mohali INDIA
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13
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Gunasekar R, Goodyear RL, Silvestri IP, Xiao J. Recent Developments in Enantio- and Diastereoselective Hydrogenation of N-Heteroaromatic Compounds. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:1794-1827. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02331d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The enantioselective and diastereoselective hydrogenation of N-heteroaromatic compounds is an efficient strategy to access chirally enriched cyclic heterocycles, which often possess highly bio-active properties. This strategy, however, has only been...
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14
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Kuram MR, Yadav S, Chaudhary D, Maurya NK, Kumar D, Km I. Transfer hydrogenation of pyridinium and quinolinium species using ethanol as a hydrogen source to access saturated N-heterocycles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:4255-4258. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc00241h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Catalytic transfer hydrogenation (TH) for the reduction of heterocycles is an emerging strategy for accessing biologically active saturated N-heterocycles. Herein, we report a TH protocol that utilizes ethanol as a...
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15
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Silvestri IP, Colbon PJJ. The Growing Importance of Chirality in 3D Chemical Space Exploration and Modern Drug Discovery Approaches for Hit-ID: Topical Innovations. ACS Med Chem Lett 2021; 12:1220-1229. [PMID: 34413951 PMCID: PMC8366003 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.1c00251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Modern-day drug discovery is now blessed with a wide range of high-throughput hit identification (hit-ID) strategies that have been successfully validated in recent years, with particular success coming from high-throughput screening, fragment-based lead discovery, and DNA-encoded library screening. As screening efficiency and throughput increases, this enables the viable exploration of increasingly complex three-dimensional (3D) chemical structure space, with a realistic chance of identifying highly specific hit ligands with increased target specificity and reduced attrition rates in preclinical and clinical development. This minireview will explore the impact of an improved design of multifunctionalized, sp3-rich, stereodefined scaffolds on the (virtual) exploration of 3D chemical space and the specific requirements for different hit-ID technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Proietti Silvestri
- Department of Chemistry University
of Liverpool, Liverpool ChiroChem, Ltd., Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United
Kingdom
| | - Paul J. J. Colbon
- Department of Chemistry University
of Liverpool, Liverpool ChiroChem, Ltd., Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United
Kingdom
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16
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Smith J, Kacmaz A, Wang C, Villa-Marcos B, Xiao J. Chiral cyclometalated iridium complexes for asymmetric reduction reactions. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:279-284. [PMID: 33242054 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02049d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A series of chiral cyclometalated iridium complexes have been synthesised by cyclometalating chiral 2-aryl-oxazoline and imidazoline ligands with [Cp*IrCl2]2. These iridacycles were studied for asymmetric transfer hydrogenation reactions with formic acid as the hydrogen source and were found to display various activities and enantioselectivities, with the most effective ones affording up to 63% ee in the asymmetric reductive amination of ketones and 77% ee in the reduction of pyridinium ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK.
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17
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Marinic B, Hepburn HB, Grozavu A, Dow M, Donohoe TJ. Single point activation of pyridines enables reductive hydroxymethylation. Chem Sci 2020; 12:742-746. [PMID: 34163807 PMCID: PMC8178984 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc05656a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The single point activation of pyridines, using an electron-deficient benzyl group, facilitates the ruthenium-catalysed dearomative functionalisation of a range of electronically diverse pyridine derivatives. This transformation delivers hydroxymethylated piperidines in good yields, allowing rapid access to medicinally relevant small heterocycles. A noteworthy feature of this work is that paraformaldehyde acts as both a hydride donor and an electrophile in the reaction, enabling the use of cheap and readily available feedstock chemicals. Removal of the activating group can be achieved readily, furnishing the free NH compound in only 2 steps. The synthetic utility of the method was illustrated with a synthesis of (±)-Paroxetine. Pyridines can be activated at a single point with a new benzyl group, followed by dearomative functionalisation at C3 using formaldehyde.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Marinic
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Hamish B Hepburn
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Alexandru Grozavu
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Mark Dow
- AstraZeneca Silk Road Macclesfield SK10 2NA UK
| | - Timothy J Donohoe
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
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18
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Grozavu A, Hepburn HB, Bailey EP, Lindsay-Scott PJ, Donohoe TJ. Rhodium catalysed C-3/5 methylation of pyridines using temporary dearomatisation. Chem Sci 2020; 11:8595-8599. [PMID: 34123119 PMCID: PMC8163342 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc02759f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyridines are ubiquitous aromatic rings used in organic chemistry and are crucial elements of the drug discovery process. Herein we describe a new catalytic method that directly introduces a methyl group onto the aromatic ring; this new reaction is related to hydrogen borrowing, and is notable for its use of the feedstock chemicals methanol and formaldehyde as the key reagents. Conceptually, the C-3/5 methylation of pyridines was accomplished by exploiting the interface between aromatic and non-aromatic compounds, and this allows an oscillating reactivity pattern to emerge whereby normally electrophilic aromatic compounds become nucleophilic in the reaction after activation by reduction. Thus, a set of C-4 functionalised pyridines can be mono or doubly methylated at the C-3/5 positions. Electron poor pyridines can be activated by reduction and then methylated at C3/5 using formaldehyde.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru Grozavu
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Hamish B Hepburn
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Elliot P Bailey
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | | | - Timothy J Donohoe
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford Oxford OX1 3TA UK
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19
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Rykaczewski KA, Groso EJ, Vonesh HL, Gaviria MA, Richardson AD, Zehnder TE, Schindler CS. Tetrahydropyridines via FeCl3-Catalyzed Carbonyl–Olefin Metathesis. Org Lett 2020; 22:2844-2848. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Katie A. Rykaczewski
- Department of Chemistry, Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Emilia J. Groso
- Department of Chemistry, Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Hannah L. Vonesh
- Department of Chemistry, Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Mario A. Gaviria
- Department of Chemistry, Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Alistair D. Richardson
- Department of Chemistry, Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Troy E. Zehnder
- Department of Chemistry, Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Corinna S. Schindler
- Department of Chemistry, Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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20
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Abstract
The activation of pyridinium salts with electron-withdrawing heterocycles enables an iridium-catalyzed reductive hydroxymethylation reaction to proceed smoothly, facilitating the preparation of useful 3D heteroaryl-substituted functionalized piperidines. The methodology is used to prepare 3-hydroxymethylated analogues of pharmaceutical agents. Mechanistically, formaldehyde acts as both a hydride donor and the electrophile, leading to the formation of two new carbon-hydrogen bonds and one new carbon-carbon bond under relatively mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamish B Hepburn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Timothy J Donohoe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
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21
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Pilar Lamata M, Passarelli V, Carmona D. Recent Advances in Iridium-Catalysed Transfer Hydrogenation Reactions. TOP ORGANOMETAL CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/3418_2020_59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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22
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Chemoselective synthesis of 6-amino(alkoxy)-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyridines from cyclic β-alkoxyvinyl α-ketoester. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.151336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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23
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Reeves BM, Hepburn HB, Grozavu A, Lindsay‐Scott PJ, Donohoe TJ. Transition-Metal-Free Reductive Hydroxymethylation of Isoquinolines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:15697-15701. [PMID: 31486205 PMCID: PMC6856840 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201908857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A transition-metal-free reductive hydroxymethylation reaction has been developed, enabling the preparation of tetrahydroisoquinolines bearing C4-quaternary centers from the corresponding isoquinolines. Deuterium labelling studies and control experiments enable a potential mechanism to be elucidated which features a key Cannizzaro-type reduction followed by an Evans-Tishchenko reaction. When isoquinolines featuring a proton at the 4-position are used, a tandem methylation-hydroxymethylation occurs, leading to the formation of 2 new C-C bonds in one pot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M. Reeves
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research LaboratoryMansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Hamish B. Hepburn
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research LaboratoryMansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Alexandru Grozavu
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research LaboratoryMansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | | | - Timothy J. Donohoe
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research LaboratoryMansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
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24
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Reeves BM, Hepburn HB, Grozavu A, Lindsay‐Scott PJ, Donohoe TJ. Transition‐Metal‐Free Reductive Hydroxymethylation of Isoquinolines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201908857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M. Reeves
- Department of Chemistry University of Oxford Chemistry Research Laboratory Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Hamish B. Hepburn
- Department of Chemistry University of Oxford Chemistry Research Laboratory Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Alexandru Grozavu
- Department of Chemistry University of Oxford Chemistry Research Laboratory Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | | | - Timothy J. Donohoe
- Department of Chemistry University of Oxford Chemistry Research Laboratory Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
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25
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Wiesenfeldt MP, Nairoukh Z, Dalton T, Glorius F. Selective Arene Hydrogenation for Direct Access to Saturated Carbo- and Heterocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:10460-10476. [PMID: 30701650 PMCID: PMC6697539 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201814471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Arene hydrogenation provides direct access to saturated carbo- and heterocycles and thus its strategic application may be used to shorten synthetic routes. This powerful transformation is widely applied in industry and is expected to facilitate major breakthroughs in the applied sciences. The ability to overcome aromaticity while controlling diastereo-, enantio-, and chemoselectivity is central to the use of hydrogenation in the preparation of complex molecules. In general, the hydrogenation of multisubstituted arenes yields predominantly the cis isomer. Enantiocontrol is imparted by chiral auxiliaries, Brønsted acids, or transition-metal catalysts. Recent studies have demonstrated that highly chemoselective transformations are possible. Such methods and the underlying strategies are reviewed herein, with an emphasis on synthetically useful examples that employ readily available catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario P. Wiesenfeldt
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstrasse 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Zackaria Nairoukh
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstrasse 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Toryn Dalton
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstrasse 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstrasse 4048149MünsterGermany
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26
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Tang C, Okumura M, Zhu Y, Hooper AR, Zhou Y, Lee YH, Sarlah D. Palladium-Catalyzed Dearomative syn-1,4-Carboamination with Grignard Reagents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:10245-10249. [PMID: 31090252 PMCID: PMC6640109 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201905021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A protocol for palladium-catalyzed dearomative functionalization of simple, nonactivated arenes with Grignard reagents has been established. This one-pot method features a visible-light-mediated [4+2] cycloaddition between an arene and an arenophile, and subsequent palladium-catalyzed allylic substitution of the resulting cycloadduct with a Grignard reagent. A variety of arenes and Grignard reagents can participate in this process, forming carboaminated products with exclusive syn-1,4-selectivity. Moreover, the dearomatized products are amenable to further elaborations, providing functionalized alicyclic motifs and pharmacophores. For example, naphthalene was converted into sertraline, one of the most prescribed antidepressants, in only four operations. Finally, this process could also be conducted in an enantioselective fashion, as demonstrated with the desymmetrization of naphthalene.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yunbo Zhu
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Illinois 61801 (USA)
| | - Annie R. Hooper
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Illinois 61801 (USA)
| | - Yu Zhou
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Illinois 61801 (USA)
| | - Yu-Hsuan Lee
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Illinois 61801 (USA)
| | - David Sarlah
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Illinois 61801 (USA)
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27
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Tang C, Okumura M, Zhu Y, Hooper AR, Zhou Y, Lee Y, Sarlah D. Palladium‐Catalyzed Dearomative
syn
‐1,4‐Carboamination with Grignard Reagents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201905021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Conghui Tang
- Roger Adams Laboratory Department of Chemistry University of Illinois Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Mikiko Okumura
- Roger Adams Laboratory Department of Chemistry University of Illinois Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Yunbo Zhu
- Roger Adams Laboratory Department of Chemistry University of Illinois Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Annie R. Hooper
- Roger Adams Laboratory Department of Chemistry University of Illinois Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Yu Zhou
- Roger Adams Laboratory Department of Chemistry University of Illinois Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Yu‐Hsuan Lee
- Roger Adams Laboratory Department of Chemistry University of Illinois Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - David Sarlah
- Roger Adams Laboratory Department of Chemistry University of Illinois Urbana IL 61801 USA
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28
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Wiesenfeldt MP, Nairoukh Z, Dalton T, Glorius F. Die selektive Arenhydrierung bietet einen direkten Zugang zu gesättigten Carbo‐ und Heterocyclen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201814471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mario P. Wiesenfeldt
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Zackaria Nairoukh
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Toryn Dalton
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
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29
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Jeong E, Heo J, Park S, Chang S. Alkoxide‐Promoted Selective Hydroboration ofN‐Heteroarenes: Pivotal Roles of in situ Generated BH3in the Dearomatization Process. Chemistry 2019; 25:6320-6325. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201901214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eunchan Jeong
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of, Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon FunctionalizationsInstitute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Heo
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of, Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon FunctionalizationsInstitute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Sehoon Park
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of, Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon FunctionalizationsInstitute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Sukbok Chang
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of, Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon FunctionalizationsInstitute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
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30
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Dubey A, Rahaman SMW, Fayzullin RR, Khusnutdinova JR. Transfer Hydrogenation of Carbonyl Groups, Imines and
N
‐Heterocycles Catalyzed by Simple, Bipyridine‐Based Mn
I
Complexes. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201900358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Dubey
- Coordination Chemistry and Catalysis UnitOkinawa Institute of Science and Technology 1919-1 Tancha Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495 Japan
- Current address: Ram Jaipal College (A Post Graduate Unit of Jai Prakash University) Dak Bunglow Road Saran, Chhapra Bihar-841301 India
| | - S. M. Wahidur Rahaman
- Coordination Chemistry and Catalysis UnitOkinawa Institute of Science and Technology 1919-1 Tancha Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495 Japan
| | - Robert R. Fayzullin
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical ChemistryFRC Kazan Scientific CenterRussian Academy of Sciences Arbuzov Street 8 Kazan 420088 Russian Federation
| | - Julia R. Khusnutdinova
- Coordination Chemistry and Catalysis UnitOkinawa Institute of Science and Technology 1919-1 Tancha Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495 Japan
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31
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Eskici M, Karanfil A. Stereoselective synthesis of cis-2,6-disubstituted piperidines from 1,2-cyclic sulfamidates. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2019.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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32
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Fu Y, Sun J. HMPA-Catalyzed Transfer Hydrogenation of 3-Carbonyl Pyridines and Other N-Heteroarenes with Trichlorosilane. Molecules 2019; 24:E401. [PMID: 30678314 PMCID: PMC6384841 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24030401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A method for the HMPA (hexamethylphosphoric triamide)-catalyzed metal-free transfer hydrogenation of pyridines has been developed. The functional group tolerance of the existing reaction conditions provides easy access to various piperidines with ester or ketone groups at the C-3 site. The suitability of this method for the reduction of other N-heteroarenes has also been demonstrated. Thirty-three examples of different substrates have been reduced to designed products with 45⁻96% yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Fu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Jian Sun
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
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33
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Luo Y, Quan H, Zhu B, Li X, Zhan L. A Comparison between KBH4 and NaBH4 in Their Reduction of Pyridinium Salts. HETEROCYCLES 2019. [DOI: 10.3987/com-19-14138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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34
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Seo CSG, Morris RH. Catalytic Homogeneous Asymmetric Hydrogenation: Successes and Opportunities. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chris S. G. Seo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, M5S3H6 Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert H. Morris
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, M5S3H6 Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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35
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The reductive C3 functionalization of pyridinium and quinolinium salts through iridium-catalysed interrupted transfer hydrogenation. Nat Chem 2018; 11:242-247. [PMID: 30559370 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-018-0178-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Aromatic rings are ubiquitous in organic chemistry and form the basis of many commercial products. Despite the numerous routes available for the preparation of aromatic compounds, there remain few methods that allow their conversion into synthetically useful partially saturated derivatives and even fewer that allow new C-C bonds to be formed at the same time. Here we set out to address this problem and uncover a unique catalytic partial reduction reaction that forms partially saturated azaheterocycles from aromatic precursors. In this reaction, methanol and formaldehyde are used for the reductive functionalization of pyridines and quinolines using catalytic iridium; thus, inexpensive and renewable feedstocks are utilized in the formation of complex N-heterocycles. By harnessing the formation of a nucleophilic enamine intermediate, the C-C bond-forming process reverses the normal pattern of reactivity and allows access to the C3 position of the arene. Mechanistic investigations using D-labelling experiments reveal the source of hydride added to the ring and show the reversible nature of the iridium-hydride addition.
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36
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Alshakova ID, Gabidullin B, Nikonov GI. Ru‐Catalyzed Transfer Hydrogenation of Nitriles, Aromatics, Olefins, Alkynes and Esters. ChemCatChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201801039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iryna D. Alshakova
- Chemistry DepartmentBrock University 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Niagara Region L2S 3 A1 Ontario Canada
| | - Bulat Gabidullin
- X-ray Core Facility Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Ottawa 150 Louis Pasteur Ottawa, ON K1 N 6 N5 Canada
| | - Georgii I. Nikonov
- Chemistry DepartmentBrock University 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Niagara Region L2S 3 A1 Ontario Canada
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37
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Loginov DA, Konoplev VE. Oxidative coupling of benzoic acids with alkynes: Catalyst design and selectivity. J Organomet Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2017.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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38
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Huang Y, Liu S, Liu Y, Chen Y, Weisel M, Williamson RT, Davies IW, Zhang X. A mechanistic investigation of an Iridium-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of pyridinium salts. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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39
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Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Piperidines: Functionalization of Preexisting Ring Systems. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aihch.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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40
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Mai VH, Lee SH, Nikonov GI. Transfer Hydrogenation of Unsaturated Substrates by Half-sandwich Ruthenium Catalysts using Ammonium Formate as Reducing Reagent. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201701423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Van Hung Mai
- Department of Chemistry; Brock University; 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way St. Catharines ON L2S 3 A1 Canada
| | - San-Hwa Lee
- Department of Chemistry; Brock University; 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way St. Catharines ON L2S 3 A1 Canada
| | - Georgii I. Nikonov
- Department of Chemistry; Brock University; 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way St. Catharines ON L2S 3 A1 Canada
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41
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Bhuyan D, Saikia L. Scavenging Pd 2+
on Amine-Functionalized SBA-15: A Facile Synthesis of Leach-Free Pd 0
Nanocatalyst for Base-Free Chemoselective Transfer Hydrogenation of Olefins. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201701158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diganta Bhuyan
- Advanced Materials Group, Materials Science and Technology Division; CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology; Jorhat - 785006, Assam India
| | - Lakshi Saikia
- Advanced Materials Group, Materials Science and Technology Division; CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology; Jorhat - 785006, Assam India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research; Chennai India
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42
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Molotkov AP, Vinogradov MM, Moskovets AP, Chusova O, Timofeev SV, Fastovskiy VA, Nelyubina YV, Pavlov AA, Chusov DA, Loginov DA. Iridium Halide Complexes [1,1‐X
2
‐8‐SMe
2
‐1,2,8‐IrC
2
B
9
H
10
]
2
(X = Cl, Br, I): Synthesis, Reactivity and Catalytic Activity. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201700498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander P. Molotkov
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds Russian Academy of Science 28 ul. Vavilova 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail M. Vinogradov
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds Russian Academy of Science 28 ul. Vavilova 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Alexey P. Moskovets
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds Russian Academy of Science 28 ul. Vavilova 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Olga Chusova
- Faculty of Science RUDN University 6 Miklukho‐Maklaya St. 117198 Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Sergey V. Timofeev
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds Russian Academy of Science 28 ul. Vavilova 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Vasilii A. Fastovskiy
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds Russian Academy of Science 28 ul. Vavilova 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Yulia V. Nelyubina
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds Russian Academy of Science 28 ul. Vavilova 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Alexander A. Pavlov
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds Russian Academy of Science 28 ul. Vavilova 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Denis A. Chusov
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds Russian Academy of Science 28 ul. Vavilova 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
- Faculty of Science RUDN University 6 Miklukho‐Maklaya St. 117198 Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry A. Loginov
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds Russian Academy of Science 28 ul. Vavilova 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
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43
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Park S, Chang S. Katalytische Desaromatisierung von N-Heteroarenen mit Silicium- und Borverbindungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201612140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sehoon Park
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations; Institute for Basic Science, IBS, Daejeon; 305-701 Südkorea
- Department of Chemistry; Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology, KAIST; Daejeon 305-701 Südkorea
| | - Sukbok Chang
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations; Institute for Basic Science, IBS, Daejeon; 305-701 Südkorea
- Department of Chemistry; Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology, KAIST; Daejeon 305-701 Südkorea
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44
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Park S, Chang S. Catalytic Dearomatization of N-Heteroarenes with Silicon and Boron Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:7720-7738. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201612140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sehoon Park
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations; Institute for Basic Science, IBS, Daejeon; 305-701 South Korea
- Department of Chemistry; Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology, KAIST; Daejeon 305-701 South Korea
| | - Sukbok Chang
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations; Institute for Basic Science, IBS, Daejeon; 305-701 South Korea
- Department of Chemistry; Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology, KAIST; Daejeon 305-701 South Korea
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Renom-Carrasco M, Gajewski P, Pignataro L, de Vries JG, Piarulli U, Gennari C, Lefort L. A Mixed Ligand Approach for the Asymmetric Hydrogenation of 2-Substituted Pyridinium Salts. Adv Synth Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201600348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Renom-Carrasco
- DSM Innovative Synthesis BV; P. O. Box 18 6160 MD Geleen The Netherlands
- Università degli Studi di Milano; Dipartimento di Chimica; via C. Golgi 19 20133 Milan Italy
| | - Piotr Gajewski
- DSM Innovative Synthesis BV; P. O. Box 18 6160 MD Geleen The Netherlands
- Università degli Studi di Milano; Dipartimento di Chimica; via C. Golgi 19 20133 Milan Italy
| | - Luca Pignataro
- Università degli Studi di Milano; Dipartimento di Chimica; via C. Golgi 19 20133 Milan Italy
| | - Johannes G. de Vries
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Umberto Piarulli
- Università degli Studi dell'Insubria; Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia; via Valleggio 11 22100 Como Italy
| | - Cesare Gennari
- Università degli Studi di Milano; Dipartimento di Chimica; via C. Golgi 19 20133 Milan Italy
| | - Laurent Lefort
- DSM Innovative Synthesis BV; P. O. Box 18 6160 MD Geleen The Netherlands
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46
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Renom-Carrasco M, Gajewski P, Pignataro L, de Vries JG, Piarulli U, Gennari C, Lefort L. Asymmetric Hydrogenation of 3-Substituted Pyridinium Salts. Chemistry 2016; 22:9528-32. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Renom-Carrasco
- DSM Ahead R&D B.V.-Innovative Synthesis; P. O. Box 18 6160 MD Geleen The Netherlands
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università degli Studi di Milano; via C. Golgi 19 20133 Milan Italy
| | - Piotr Gajewski
- DSM Ahead R&D B.V.-Innovative Synthesis; P. O. Box 18 6160 MD Geleen The Netherlands
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università degli Studi di Milano; via C. Golgi 19 20133 Milan Italy
| | - Luca Pignataro
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università degli Studi di Milano; via C. Golgi 19 20133 Milan Italy
| | - Johannes G. de Vries
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Umberto Piarulli
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia; Università degli Studi dell'Insubria; via Valleggio 11 22100 Como Italy
| | - Cesare Gennari
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università degli Studi di Milano; via C. Golgi 19 20133 Milan Italy
| | - Laurent Lefort
- DSM Ahead R&D B.V.-Innovative Synthesis; P. O. Box 18 6160 MD Geleen The Netherlands
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47
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Dhinakaran I, Padmini V, Bhuvanesh N. Chemodivergent, One-Pot, Multi-Component Synthesis of Pyrroles and Tetrahydropyridines under Solvent- and Catalyst-Free Conditions Using the Grinding Method. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2016; 18:236-42. [PMID: 26972275 DOI: 10.1021/acscombsci.5b00154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A highly efficient, chemoselective synthesis of a library of polysubstituted pyrroles and tetrahydropyridines has been achieved through the one-pot, multicomponent reactions of ethyl (E)-3-(aryl/alkyl amino) acrylates, 2,2-dihydroxy-1-arylethan-1-ones, and malononitrile under solvent- and catalyst-free grinding conditions. The selective formation of pyrrole or tetrahydropyridines relied on substitution of the N-aryl of ethyl (E)-3-(4-arylamino) acrylates. These reactions presumably occurred via a domino Knoevenagel condensation and Michael addition followed by an intramolecular cyclization sequence of reactions in a single transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaivani Dhinakaran
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625 021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vediappen Padmini
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625 021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nattamai Bhuvanesh
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
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48
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Mai VH, Nikonov GI. Transfer Hydrogenation of Nitriles, Olefins, and N-Heterocycles Catalyzed by an N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Supported Half-Sandwich Complex of Ruthenium. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Van Hung Mai
- Chemistry Department, Brock University, Niagara Region, 1812
Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Georgii I. Nikonov
- Chemistry Department, Brock University, Niagara Region, 1812
Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario L2S 3A1, Canada
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49
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Huang WX, Yu CB, Ji Y, Liu LJ, Zhou YG. Iridium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Heteroaromatics Bearing a Hydroxyl Group, 3-Hydroxypyridinium Salts. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.5b02625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Xue Huang
- State
Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Chang-Bin Yu
- State
Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Yue Ji
- State
Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Lian-Jin Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Gui Zhou
- State
Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
- Collaborative
Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
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50
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Xu C, Zhang L, Dong C, Xu J, Pan Y, Li Y, Zhang H, Li H, Yu Z, Xu L. Iridium-Catalyzed Transfer Hydrogenation of 1,10-Phenanthrolines using Formic Acid as the Hydrogen Source. Adv Synth Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201500909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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