1
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Sala R, Kiala G, Veiros LF, Broggini G, Poli G, Oble J. Redox-Neutral Ru(0)-Catalyzed Alkenylation of 2-Carboxaldimine-heterocyclopentadienes. J Org Chem 2022; 87:4640-4648. [PMID: 35290058 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c03044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
A new Ru3(CO)12-catalyzed directed alkenylation of 2-carboxaldimine-heterocyclopentadienes has been accomplished. This process allows coupling of furan, pyrrole, indole, and thiophene 2-carboxaldimines with electron-poor alkenes such as acrylates, vinylsulfones, and styrenes. This regio- and chemoselective oxidative C-H coupling does not require the presence of an additional sacrificial oxidant. Density functional theory calculations allowed us to propose a mechanism and unveiled the nature of the H2 acceptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Sala
- Sorbonne Université, Faculté des Sciences et Ingénierie, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, IPCM, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France.,Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia (DISAT), Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Via Valleggio 9, Como (CO) 22100, Italy
| | - Gredy Kiala
- Sorbonne Université, Faculté des Sciences et Ingénierie, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, IPCM, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Luis F Veiros
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Gianluigi Broggini
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia (DISAT), Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Via Valleggio 9, Como (CO) 22100, Italy
| | - Giovanni Poli
- Sorbonne Université, Faculté des Sciences et Ingénierie, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, IPCM, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Julie Oble
- Sorbonne Université, Faculté des Sciences et Ingénierie, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, IPCM, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
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2
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Carral-Menoyo A, Sotomayor N, Lete E. Palladium-catalyzed oxidative arene C–H alkenylation reactions involving olefins. TRENDS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trechm.2022.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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3
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Li Q, Pan R, Wang M, Yao H, Lin A. Ligand-Controlled, Palladium-Catalyzed Asymmetric [4+4] and [2+4] Cycloadditions. Org Lett 2021; 23:2292-2297. [PMID: 33683909 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ligand-controlled, palladium-catalyzed asymmetric [4+4] and [2+4] cycloaddition reactions of benzofuran-derived azadienes have been developed. Taking advantage of chiral P,N-ligand (S,Rp)-PPFA, we obtained a variety of benzofuro[2,3-c][1,5] oxazocines in good yields with excellent enantioselectivities via [4+4] cycloaddition reactions. Employing chiral P,P-ligand (S)-Cl-MeO-BIPHEP, the chemo- and regioselectivities were switched to synthesize tetrahydropyran-fused spirocyclic compounds in good efficiency via [2+4] cycloaddition reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Rui Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Meihui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Hequan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Aijun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
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4
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Zhao K, Du Y, Peng Q, Yu WH, Wang BQ, Feng C, Xiang SK. Regiodivergent C-H Arylation of Triphenylene Derivatives Controlled by Electronic Effects of Diaryliodonium Salts. J Org Chem 2021; 86:2986-2997. [PMID: 33481590 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A regiodivergent C-H arylation of triphenylene derivatives with diaryliodonium salts was developed. The regiodivergence was controlled by electronic effects of diaryliodonium salts. When the aryl(mesityl)iodonium salts bearing strong electron-donating groups at the para-position of aryl groups were used, the arylation reactions occurred ortho to amide groups. However, if the aryl(mesityl)iodonium salts bearing electron-withdrawing groups or weak electron-donating groups at the para-position of aryl groups were utilized, the arylation reactions occurred meta to amide groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China
| | - Yu Du
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China
| | - Qiong Peng
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China
| | - Wen-Hao Yu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China
| | - Bi-Qin Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China
| | - Chun Feng
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China
| | - Shi-Kai Xiang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China
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5
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Mondal A, van Gemmeren M. Catalyst-Controlled Regiodivergent C-H Alkynylation of Thiophenes*. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:742-746. [PMID: 33044788 PMCID: PMC7839547 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202012103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Alkynes are highly attractive motifs in organic synthesis due to their presence in natural products and bioactive molecules as well as their versatility in a plethora of subsequent transformations. A common procedure to insert alkynes into (hetero)arenes, such as the thiophenes studied herein, consists of a halogenation followed by a Sonogashira cross-coupling. The regioselectivity of this approach depends entirely on the halogenation step. Similarly, direct alkynylations of thiophenes have been described that follow the same regioselectivity patterns. Herein we report the development of a palladium catalyzed C-H activation/alkynylation of thiophenes. The method is applicable to a broad range of thiophene substrates. For 3-substituted substrates where controlling the regioselectivity between the C2 and C5 position is particularly challenging, two sets of reaction conditions enable a regiodivergent reaction, giving access to each regioisomer selectively. Both protocols use the thiophene as limiting reagent and show a broad scope, rendering our method suitable for late-stage modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arup Mondal
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstrasse 3648149MünsterGermany
| | - Manuel van Gemmeren
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstrasse 3648149MünsterGermany
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6
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Mandal A, Bera R, Baidya M. Regioselective C-H Alkenylation and Unsymmetrical Bis-olefination of Heteroarene Carboxylic Acids with Ruthenium Catalysis in Water. J Org Chem 2021; 86:62-73. [PMID: 33251801 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
An efficient weak carboxylate-assisted oxidative cross-dehydrogenative C-H/C-H coupling (CDC) of heteroarenes with readily available olefins has been devised employing water as green solvent under ruthenium(II) catalysis. The reaction is operationally simple, accommodates a large variety of heteroaromatic carboxylic acids as well as olefins, and facilitates a diverse array of high-value olefin-tethered heteroarenes in high yields (up to 87%). The potential of this ortho-C-H bond activation strategy has also been exploited toward tunable synthesis of densely functionalized heteroarenes through challenging unsymmetrical bis-olefination process in a one-pot sequential fashion. Mechanistic investigation demonstrates a reversible ruthenation process and C-H metalation step might not be involved in the rate-determining step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anup Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ratnadeep Bera
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mahiuddin Baidya
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, Tamil Nadu, India
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7
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Mondal A, Gemmeren M. Katalysatorkontrollierte regiodivergente C‐H‐Alkinylierung von Thiophenen**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202012103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arup Mondal
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Manuel Gemmeren
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Deutschland
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8
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Chen H, Farizyan M, Ghiringhelli F, van Gemmeren M. Sterically Controlled C-H Olefination of Heteroarenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:12213-12220. [PMID: 32267990 PMCID: PMC7384109 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202004521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The regioselective functionalization of heteroarenes is a highly attractive synthetic target due to the prevalence of multiply substituted heteroarenes in nature and bioactive compounds. Some substitution patterns remain challenging: While highly efficient methods for the C2-selective olefination of 3-substituted five-membered heteroarenes have been reported, analogous methods to access the 5-olefinated products have remained limited by poor regioselectivities and/or the requirement to use an excess of the valuable heteroarene starting material. Herein we report a sterically controlled C-H olefination using heteroarenes as the limiting reagent. The method enables the highly C5-selective olefination of a wide range of heteroarenes and is shown to be useful in the context of late-stage functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy ConversionStiftstraße 34–3645470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
| | - Mirxan Farizyan
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy ConversionStiftstraße 34–3645470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
| | - Francesca Ghiringhelli
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Manuel van Gemmeren
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy ConversionStiftstraße 34–3645470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4048149MünsterGermany
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9
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Abstract
The Pd-mediated cross-coupling of (hetero)arenes with alkenes may be an effective method for the formation of a C–C bond from two C–H bonds. Discovered by Fujiwara and co-workers in 1967, this reaction led to a number of reports that we firstly highlighted in 2011 (review with references till June 2010) and for which, we retained the name “dehydrogenative Heck reaction”. The topic, especially the reactions of five-membered heteroarenes, has been the subject of intensive research over the last ten years. The present review is limited to these dehydrogenative Heck reactions published since 2010, underlining the progress of the procedures.
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10
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Chen H, Farizyan M, Ghiringhelli F, Gemmeren M. Sterically Controlled C−H Olefination of Heteroarenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202004521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion Stiftstraße 34–36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Mirxan Farizyan
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion Stiftstraße 34–36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Francesca Ghiringhelli
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Manuel Gemmeren
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion Stiftstraße 34–36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
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11
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Fu X, Yang J, Deng K, Shao L, Xia C, Ji Y. Tandem C–C/C–N Formation via Palladium-Catalyzed C–H Activation/Styrenation and Sequential Annulation of O-Methylketoxime with Styrenes. Org Lett 2019; 21:3505-3509. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b00702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopan Fu
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Jinyue Yang
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Kezuan Deng
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Lingyan Shao
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Chengcai Xia
- Pharmacy College, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 619 Changcheng Road, Taian 271016, P. R. China
| | - Yafei Ji
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
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12
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Nájera C, Beletskaya IP, Yus M. Metal-catalyzed regiodivergent organic reactions. Chem Soc Rev 2019; 48:4515-4618. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00872h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This review discusses metal-catalysed regiodivergent additions, allylic substitutions, CH-activation, cross-couplings and intra- or intermolecular cyclisations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Nájera
- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)
- Universidad de Alicante
- E-03080 Alicante
- Spain
| | - Irina P. Beletskaya
- Chemistry Department
- M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University
- 119992 Moscow
- Russia
| | - Miguel Yus
- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)
- Universidad de Alicante
- E-03080 Alicante
- Spain
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13
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Cheng C, Sun X, Wu Z, Liu Q, Xiong L, Miao Z. Lewis base catalyzed regioselective cyclization of allene ketones or α-methyl allene ketones with unsaturated pyrazolones. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:3232-3238. [PMID: 30840009 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00179d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A nitrogen-containing Lewis base catalyzed highly regioselective [4 + 2] cycloaddition of allene ketones or α-methyl allene ketones with unsaturated pyrazolones has been disclosed to give the corresponding tetrahydropyrano [2,3-c] pyrazoles in moderate to good yields under mild conditions. High regioselectivity, 100% atom-economy, broad substrate scope and good functional group tolerance are attractive features of this process and make it a practical and versatile transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Cheng
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Weijin Road 94, Tianjin 300071, China.
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14
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Zhang Z, Zheng Y, Sun Z, Dai Z, Tang Z, Ma J, Ma C. Direct Olefination of Fluorinated Quinoxalines via
Cross- Dehydrogenative Coupling Reactions: A New Near-Infrared Probe for Mitochondria. Adv Synth Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201700237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zeyuan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shandong University; Jinan 250100 People's Republic of China
| | - Yiwen Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shandong University; Jinan 250100 People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 People's Republic of China
| | - Zuobang Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shandong University; Jinan 250100 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Dai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shandong University; Jinan 250100 People's Republic of China
| | - Ziqiang Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shandong University; Jinan 250100 People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangshan Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shandong University; Jinan 250100 People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shandong University; Jinan 250100 People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs; Peking University; Beijing 100191 People's Republic of China
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15
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Ma W, Gandeepan P, Li J, Ackermann L. Recent advances in positional-selective alkenylations: removable guidance for twofold C–H activation. Org Chem Front 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7qo00134g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 275] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in transition-metal catalyzed positional-selective alkenylations via twofold C–H activation directed by removable or traceless directing groups are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Ma
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province
- Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics
- Chengdu University
- Chengdu 610052
- P. R. China
| | - Parthasarathy Gandeepan
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen
- 37077 Göttingen
- Germany
| | - Jie Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Jiangnan University
- 214122 Wuxi
- P. R. China
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen
- 37077 Göttingen
- Germany
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16
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Jin H, Li E, Huang Y. Divergent synthesis of hydropyridine derivatives via nitrogen-containing Lewis base mediated regioselective [4 + 2] cyclizations. Org Chem Front 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7qo00596b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A nitrogen-containing Lewis base mediated regioselective [4 + 2] cyclization strategy between allenic esters and α,β-unsaturated ketimines was discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxing Jin
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 30071
- China
| | - Erqing Li
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 30071
- China
| | - You Huang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 30071
- China
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17
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Manikandan R, Jeganmohan M. Recent advances in the ruthenium(ii)-catalyzed chelation-assisted C–H olefination of substituted aromatics, alkenes and heteroaromatics with alkenes via the deprotonation pathway. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:8931-8947. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc03213g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The transition-metal-catalyzed chelation-assisted alkenylation at the inert C–H bond of aromatics with alkenes is one of the efficient methods to synthesize substituted vinylarenes in a highly regio- and stereoselective manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendran Manikandan
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research
- Pune 411021
- India
| | - Masilamani Jeganmohan
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research
- Pune 411021
- India
- Department of Chemistry
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18
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Sun P, Gao S, Yang C, Guo S, Lin A, Yao H. Controllable Rh(III)-Catalyzed Annulation between Salicylaldehydes and Diazo Compounds: Divergent Synthesis of Chromones and Benzofurans. Org Lett 2016; 18:6464-6467. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b03355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural
Medicines (SKLNM) and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of
Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Shang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural
Medicines (SKLNM) and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of
Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Chi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural
Medicines (SKLNM) and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of
Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Songjin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural
Medicines (SKLNM) and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of
Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Aijun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural
Medicines (SKLNM) and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of
Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Hequan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural
Medicines (SKLNM) and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of
Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
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