1
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Armbruster C, Sellin M, Seiler M, Würz T, Oesten F, Schmucker M, Sterbak T, Fischer J, Radtke V, Hunger J, Krossing I. Pushing redox potentials to highly positive values using inert fluorobenzenes and weakly coordinating anions. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6721. [PMID: 39112470 PMCID: PMC11306567 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50669-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
While the development of weakly coordinating anions (WCAs) received much attention, the progress on weakly coordinating and inert solvents almost stagnated. Here we study the effect of strategic F-substitution on the solvent properties of fluorobenzenes C6FxH6-x (xFB, x = 1-5). Asymmetric fluorination leads to dielectric constants as high as 22.1 for 3FB that exceeds acetone (20.7). Combined with the WCAs [Al(ORF)4]- or [(FRO)3Al-F-Al(ORF)3]- (RF = C(CF3)3), the xFB solvents push the potentials of Ag+ and NO+ ions to +1.50/+1.52 V vs. Fc+/Fc. The xFB/WCA-system has electrochemical xFB stability windows that exceed 5 V for all xFBs with positive upper limits between +1.82 V (1FB) and +2.67 V (5FB) vs. Fc+/Fc. High-level ab initio calculations with inclusion of solvation energies show that these high potentials result from weak interactions of the ions with solvent and counterion. To access the available positive xFB potential range with stable reagents, the innocent deelectronator salts [anthraceneF]+∙[WCA]- and [phenanthreneF]+∙[WCA]- with potentials of +1.47 and +1.89 V vs. Fc+/Fc are introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Armbruster
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Malte Sellin
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Matthis Seiler
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tanja Würz
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Friederike Oesten
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Schmucker
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tabea Sterbak
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Julia Fischer
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Valentin Radtke
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Hunger
- Molecular Spectroscopy Department, Max-Planck-Institut for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
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2
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Rajput S, Sahoo RK, Sarkar N, Nembenna S. Gallium Hydride-Catalyzed Selective Hydroboration of Unsaturated Organic Substrates. Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202300737. [PMID: 38437065 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
The first examples of tetrasubstituted conjugated bis-guanidinate (CBG) supported monomeric and thermally stable gallium dihalides [LGaX2], (X=Cl (Ga-Cl), I (Ga-I)) and dihydride (Ga-H) [LGaH2] (where L={(ArHN)(ArN)-C=N-C=(NAr)(NHAr)}; Ar=2,6-Et2-C6H3) compounds are reported. The reaction of in situ generated LLi with 1.0 equiv. GaX3 (X=Cl, I) afforded compounds Ga-Cl and Ga-I. The reaction between Ga-Cl and Li[HBEt3] in benzene yielded the dihydride compound Ga-H. All reported compounds (Ga-Cl, Ga-I, and Ga-H) were characterized by NMR, HRMS, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. Ga-H was probed for the hydroboration of carbodiimides (CDI), isocyanates, and isothiocyanates with HBpin. Compound Ga-H was also found effective for the catalytic hydroboration of imines, nitriles, alkynes, esters, and formates, affording the corresponding products in quantitative yields. Stoichiometric reactions with a CDI were performed to establish the catalytic cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagrika Rajput
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar, 752050, India
| | - Rajata Kumar Sahoo
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar, 752050, India
| | - Nabin Sarkar
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar, 752050, India
| | - Sharanappa Nembenna
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar, 752050, India
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3
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Barthélemy A, Scherer H, Weller H, Krossing I. On the Synthesis and Structure of 'Naked' Ga(I) and In(I) Salts and the Surprising Stability of Simple Ga(I) and In(I) Salts in the Coordinating Solvents Ether and Acetonitrile. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400897. [PMID: 38597591 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
In this work, we present the solid-state structures of solvent-free Ga[pf] and In[pf] salts ([pf]-=[Al(ORF)4]-; RF=C(CF3)3), which are very rare examples of salts with truly 'naked' metal cations. Both salts may serve as starting materials for subvalent gallium and indium chemistry with very weakly coordinating ligands providing the freedom of choice for solvents and ligands for the future. On the other hand, we report and rationalize the formation and isolation of [M(OEt2)2][pf] and [M(MeCN)2][pf] (M=Ga, In), underlining the surprising stability of these subvalent group 13 M+ ions against disproportionation. Unexpectedly, dicoordinate and carbene analogous [M(L)2]+ ions with the [pf]- counterion are stable in L=acetonitrile and diethyl ether at room temperature, opening up possible applications for example in organic synthesis and catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Barthélemy
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Harald Scherer
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hanna Weller
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
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4
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Dabringhaus P, Heizmann T, Krossing I. Activation of the Ga I Cation for Bond Activation: from Oxidative Additions into C-Cl and H-P Bonds to Reversible Insertion into P 4. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302212. [PMID: 37583347 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Although the discovery of the GaI complex salt [Ga(PhF)2-3 ][Al(ORF )4 ] (RF =C(CF3 )3 , PhF=C6 H5 F) invoked the preparation of a diverse library of cationic Ga(I) coordination complexes and clusters, studies on small molecule activation with low-valent GaI cations are scarce. Herein, a first experimental study on the reactivity of a monomeric Ga(I) cation activated with a pyridine-diimine pincer ligand (in [Ga(PDIdipp )][Al(ORF )4 ]) towards small-molecules is reported. First controlled oxidative additions of the GaI cation into C-Cl, H-P and P-P bonds are presented. Moreover, the [4+1]cycloaddition to butadienes was achieved. Intriguingly, the isolated, blue insertion product into the P-P bond of P4 allows for the quantitative release of the P4 molecule upon reaction with AlEt3 and butadienes. Reversible P4 insertion of main-group metals has previously been reported for Ge and Sn, respectively. The experimental study is supported by high-level computational analysis of the in-part reversible oxidative additions at the DLPNO-CCSD(T)/def2-TZVPP//PBEh-3c/def2-mSVP level of theory with COSMO-RS solvation in 1,2-difluorobenzene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Dabringhaus
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Freiburg Materials Research Center FMF, Albertstrasse 21, 79104, Freiburg i. Br., Germany
| | - Tim Heizmann
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Freiburg Materials Research Center FMF, Albertstrasse 21, 79104, Freiburg i. Br., Germany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Freiburg Materials Research Center FMF, Albertstrasse 21, 79104, Freiburg i. Br., Germany
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5
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Więcławik J, Chrobok A. Gallium(III)- and Indium(III)-Containing Ionic Liquids as Highly Active Catalysts in Organic Synthesis. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041955. [PMID: 36838943 PMCID: PMC9967191 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The chemical industry still requires development of environmentally friendly processes. Acid-catalysed chemical processes may cause environmental problems. Urgent need to replace conventional acids has forced the search for sustainable alternatives. Metal-containing ionic liquids have drawn considerable attention from scientists for many years. These compounds may exhibit very high Lewis acidity, which is usually dependent on the composition of the ionic liquid with the particular content of metal salt. Therefore, metal-containing ionic liquids have found a lot of applications and are successfully employed as catalysts, co-catalysts or reaction media in various fields of chemistry, especially in organic chemistry. Gallium(III)- and indium(III)-containing ionic liquids help to transfer the remarkable activity of metal salts into even more active and easier-to-handle forms of ionic liquids. This review highlights the wide range of possible applications and the high potential of metal-containing ionic liquids with special focus on Ga(III) and In(III), which may help to outline the framework for further development of the presented research topic and synthesis of new representatives of this group of compounds.
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6
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Morris LJ, Mahawar P, Okuda J. Hydroboration and Deoxygenation of CO 2 Mediated by a Gallium(I) Cation. J Org Chem 2022; 88:5090-5096. [PMID: 36413220 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Hydroboration of CO2 to formoxy borane occurs under ambient conditions in acetonitrile using pinacolborane HBpin in the presence of gallium(I) cation [(Me4TACD)Ga][BAr4] (1; Me4TACD = N,N',N″,N'''-tetramethyl-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane; Ar = C6H3-3,5-Me2). Slow turnover was accompanied by side reactions including ligand scrambling of HBpin to give BH3(CH3CN) and crystalline B2pin3. When 1 was reacted with CO2 alone, the formation of the gallium(III) carbonato complex [(Me4TACD)Ga(κ2-O2CO)][BAr4] (3) along with CO was observed. This complex was assumed to form via the unstable oxido cation [(Me4TACD)Ga=O]+ (4). Reaction of 1 with N2O in the presence of BPh3 confirmed the formation of the oxido cation, which was spectroscopically characterized as a triphenylborane adduct [(Me4TACD)Ga=O(BPh3)][BAr4] (4·BPh3). CO was also detected when CO2 was reacted with 1 in the presence of HBpin, suggesting that compound 3 may also be formed in initial stages of catalysis. Compound 3 reacts with HBpin to give formoxy borane, borane redistribution products, and an unidentified Me4TACD-containing species 5, which was also observed in "catalytic" runs starting from 1, HBpin, and CO2. Hydroboration of CO2 using HBpin with slow turnover and competitive ligand scrambling was also observed in the presence of gallium(III) hydride dication [(Me4TACD)GaH][BAr4]2 (2), which is unreactive toward CO2 in the absence of HBpin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis J. Morris
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Pritam Mahawar
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jun Okuda
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056 Aachen, Germany
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7
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Barthélemy A, Scherer H, Krossing I. Direct Comparison of Subvalent, Polycationic Group 13 Cluster Compounds: Lessons learned on Isoelectronic DMPE Substituted Gallium and Indium Tetracation Salts. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201369. [PMID: 35695015 PMCID: PMC9796046 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The tetracationic, univalent cluster compounds [{M(dmpe)}4 ]4+ (M=Ga, In; dmpe=bis(dimethylphosphino)ethane) were synthesized as their pf salts ([pf]- =[Al(ORF )4 ]- ; RF =C(CF3 )3 ). The four-membered ring in [{M(dmpe)}4 ]4+ is slightly puckered for M=Ga and almost square planar for M=In. Yet, although structurally similar, only the gallium cluster is prevalent in solution, while the indium cluster forms temperature dependent equilibria that include even the monomeric cation [In(dmpe)]+ . This system is the first report of one and the same ligand inducing formation of isoelectronic and isostructural gallium/indium cluster cations. The system allows to study systematically analogies and differences with thermodynamic considerations and bonding analyses, but also to outline perspectives for bond activation using cationic, subvalent group 13 clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Barthélemy
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF)Universität FreiburgAlbertstr. 2179104FreiburgGermany
| | - Harald Scherer
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF)Universität FreiburgAlbertstr. 2179104FreiburgGermany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF)Universität FreiburgAlbertstr. 2179104FreiburgGermany
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8
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Chen Y, Gandon V, Bour C. Squaramide/Li +-Catalyzed Direct S N1-Type Reaction of Vinyl Triflates with Difluoroenoxysilanes through Vinyl Cations. Org Lett 2022; 24:6978-6982. [PMID: 36099642 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Difluoromethylene-skipped enones have been readily obtained from arylvinyltriflates and aryldifluoroenoxysilanes. While these useful compounds are difficult to synthesize by the classical aldol/dehydration approach, the use of a squaramide/Li+ catalyst allows their direct formation via a vinyl carbocation paired with a weakly coordinating perfluorinated alkoxyaluminate. This strategy makes possible a reaction between a typically weak electrophile and a weak nucleophile. Control experiments and DFT computations shed light on the mechanism of this transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 420, 91405 Cedex Orsay, France
| | - Vincent Gandon
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 420, 91405 Cedex Orsay, France.,Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire (LCM), CNRS UMR 9168, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Route de Saclay, 91128 Cedex Palaiseau, France
| | - Christophe Bour
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 420, 91405 Cedex Orsay, France
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9
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Donald CP, Boylan A, Nguyen TN, Chen PA, May JA. Quaternary and Tertiary Carbon Centers Synthesized via Gallium-Catalyzed Direct Substitution of Unfunctionalized Propargylic Alcohols with Boronic Acids. Org Lett 2022; 24:6767-6771. [PMID: 36099564 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
(IPr)GaCl3/AgSbF6, AgSbF6, and GaCl3 catalyzed substitution of the hydroxyl of secondary and tertiary propargylic alcohols with organoboronic acids via C-C bond formation, and GaCl3 effectively synthesized all-carbon quaternary propargylic centers. These catalysts performed the substitution at carbons bearing alkyl substituents, which has been problematic for other systems. Highly hindered carbon stereocenters were thus produced, including quaternary centers bearing doubly ortho-substituted aryl rings, that are difficult to access with traditional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clayton P Donald
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Blvd, Fleming Bldg 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Amy Boylan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Blvd, Fleming Bldg 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Truong N Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Blvd, Fleming Bldg 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States.,Pfizer, 280 Shennecossett Rd, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Po-An Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Blvd, Fleming Bldg 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States.,AnHorn Medicines Co. Ltd., C522, No. 99, Ln. 130, Sec. 1, Academia Rd., Nangang Dist., Taipei 11517, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jeremy A May
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Blvd, Fleming Bldg 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
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10
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Morris LJ, Ghana P, Rajeshkumar T, Carpentier A, Maron L, Okuda J. Ein Brønsted‐saures Galliumhydrid: Einfache Umwandlung von NNNN‐Makrocyclus‐geträgertem [Ga
I
]
+
in [Ga
III
H]
2+. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202114629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Louis J. Morris
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie RWTH Aachen University 52062 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Priyabrata Ghana
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie RWTH Aachen University 52062 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Thayalan Rajeshkumar
- CNRS INSA UPS UMR 5215 LPCNO Université de Toulouse 135 Avenue de Rangueil 31077 Toulouse Frankreich
| | - Ambre Carpentier
- CNRS INSA UPS UMR 5215 LPCNO Université de Toulouse 135 Avenue de Rangueil 31077 Toulouse Frankreich
| | - Laurent Maron
- CNRS INSA UPS UMR 5215 LPCNO Université de Toulouse 135 Avenue de Rangueil 31077 Toulouse Frankreich
| | - Jun Okuda
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie RWTH Aachen University 52062 Aachen Deutschland
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11
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Barthélemy A, Glootz K, Scherer H, Hanske A, Krossing I. Ga +-catalyzed hydrosilylation? About the surprising system Ga +/HSiR 3/olefin, proof of oxidation with subvalent Ga + and silylium catalysis with perfluoroalkoxyaluminate anions. Chem Sci 2022; 13:439-453. [PMID: 35126976 PMCID: PMC8729802 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc05331k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Already 1 mol% of subvalent [Ga(PhF)2]+[pf]- ([pf]- = [Al(ORF)4]-, RF = C(CF3)3) initiates the hydrosilylation of olefinic double bonds under mild conditions. Reactions with HSiMe3 and HSiEt3 as substrates efficiently yield anti-Markovnikov and anti-addition products, while bulkier substrates such as HSiiPr3 are less reactive. Investigating the underlying mechanism by gas chromatography and STEM analysis, we unexpectedly found that H2 and metallic Ga0 formed. Without the addition of olefins, the formation of R3Si-F-Al(ORF)3 (R = alkyl), a typical degradation product of the [pf]- anion in the presence of a small silylium ion, was observed. Electrochemical analysis revealed a surprisingly high oxidation potential of univalent [Ga(PhF)2]+[pf]- in weakly coordinating, but polar ortho-difluorobenzene of E 1/2(Ga+/Ga0; oDFB) = +0.26-0.37 V vs. Fc+/Fc (depending on the scan rate). Apparently, subvalent Ga+, mainly known as a reductant, initially oxidizes the silane and generates a highly electrophilic, silane-supported, silylium ion representing the actual catalyst. Consequently, the [Ga(PhF)2]+[pf]-/HSiEt3 system also hydrodefluorinates C(sp3)-F bonds in 1-fluoroadamantane, 1-fluorobutane and PhCF3 at room temperature. In addition, both catalytic reactions may be initiated using only 0.2 mol% of [Ph3C]+[pf]- as a silylium ion-generating initiator. These results indicate that silylium ion catalysis is possible with the straightforward accessible weakly coordinating [pf]- anion. Apparently, the kinetics of hydrosilylation and hydrodefluorination are faster than that of anion degradation under ambient conditions. These findings open up new windows for main group catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Barthélemy
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Kim Glootz
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Harald Scherer
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Annaleah Hanske
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
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12
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Morris LJ, Ghana P, Rajeshkumar T, Carpentier A, Maron L, Okuda J. A Brønsted Acidic Gallium Hydride: Facile Interconversion of NNNN-Macrocycle Supported [GaI]+ and [GaIIIH]2. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202114629. [PMID: 34932267 PMCID: PMC9304309 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202114629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Protonolysis of [Cp*M] (M=Ga, In, Tl) with [(Me4TACD)H][BAr4Me] (Me4TACD=N,N′,N′′,N′′′‐tetramethyl‐1,4,7,10‐tetraazacyclododecane; [BAr4Me]−=[B{C6H3‐3,5‐(CH3)2}4]−) provided monovalent salts [(Me4TACD)M][BAr4Me], whereas [Cp*Al]4 yielded trivalent [(Me4TACD)AlH][BAr4Me]2. Protonation of [(Me4TACD)Ga][BAr4Me] with [Et3NH][BAr4Me] gave an unusually acidic (pKa(CH3CN)=24.5) gallium(III) hydride dication [(Me4TACD)GaH][BAr4Me]2. Deprotonation with IMe4 (1,3,4,5‐tetramethyl‐imidazol‐ylidene) returned [(Me4TACD)Ga][BAr4Me]. These reversible processes occur with formal two‐electron oxidation and reduction of gallium. DFT calculations suggest that gallium(I) protonation is facilitated by strong coordination of the tetradentate ligand, which raises the HOMO energy. High nuclear charge of [(Me4TACD)GaH]2+ facilitates hydride‐to‐metal charge transfer during deprotonation. Attempts to prepare a gallium(III) dihydride cation resulted in spontaneous dehydrogenation to [(Me4TACD)Ga]+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis J Morris
- Aachen University of Technology: Rheinisch-Westfalische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Landoltweg 1, 52062, Aachen, GERMANY
| | - Priyabrata Ghana
- Aachen University of Technology: Rheinisch-Westfalische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Landoltweg 1, 52056, Aachen, GERMANY
| | - Thayalan Rajeshkumar
- Toulouse 3 University: Universite Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, CNRS, INSA, UPS, LPCNO, Université de Toulouse, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077, Toulouse, FRANCE
| | - Ambre Carpentier
- Toulouse 3 University: Universite Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, CNRS, INSA, UPS, LPCNO, Université de Toulouse, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077, Toulouse, FRANCE
| | - Laurent Maron
- Toulouse 3 University: Universite Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, CNRS, INSA, UPS, LPCNO, Université de Toulouse et CNRS, INSA, UPS, UMR 5215, LPCNO,, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077, Toulouse, FRANCE
| | - Jun Okuda
- RWTH Aachen, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, GERMANY
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13
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Vayer M, Rodrigues S, Miaskiewicz S, Gatineau D, Gimbert Y, Gandon V, Bour C. Potassium Carbonate to Unlock a GaCl 3-Catalyzed C–H Propargylation of Arenes. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c03014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Vayer
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 420, 91405 Orsay CEDEX, France
| | - Sophie Rodrigues
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 420, 91405 Orsay CEDEX, France
| | - Solène Miaskiewicz
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 420, 91405 Orsay CEDEX, France
| | | | - Yves Gimbert
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM, 38000 Grenoble, France
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, IPCM, Paris 75005, France
| | - Vincent Gandon
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 420, 91405 Orsay CEDEX, France
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire (LCM), CNRS UMR 9168, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, route de Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau CEDEX, France
| | - Christophe Bour
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 420, 91405 Orsay CEDEX, France
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14
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Schorpp M, Tamim R, Krossing I. Oxidative addition, reduction and reductive coupling: the versatile reactivity of subvalent gallium cations. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:15103-15110. [PMID: 34611680 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02682h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Inspired by the successful oxidative addition of a P-H bond to univalent Ga[Al(ORF)4] that gives the unprecedented dicationic gallium hydride complex [H-Ga(PPh3)3][Al(ORF)4]2 (ORF = OC(CF3)3), the oxidative addition of E-Cl containing substrates was investigated. The reductive coupling of three PPh2Cl to the catenated phosphorus cation [P3Ph6]+ hinted towards a formal two-electron-three-halide reduction (2e--3X- reduction). Similarly, from SbCl3, a cationic formal SbI compound and from RhCl3, [RhI(HMB)(COD)]+ and [RhI(COD)2]+ (HMB = C6Me6, COD = 1,5-cyclooctadiene) are formed as [Al(ORF)4]- salts when reacted with Ga+. Thus, Ga[Al(ORF)4] allows for a one-pot 2e--3X- reduction with the concomitant introduction of a weakly coordinating anion (WCA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Schorpp
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie und Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum FMF, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, 79104 Freiburg i. Br., Germany.
| | - Razan Tamim
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie und Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum FMF, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, 79104 Freiburg i. Br., Germany.
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie und Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum FMF, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, 79104 Freiburg i. Br., Germany.
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15
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Dabringhaus P, Barthélemy A, Krossing I. The Coordination Chemistry and Clustering of Subvalent Ga
+
and In
+
upon Addition of σ‐Donor Ligands. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202100129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Dabringhaus
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburg Materials Research Center FMF Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg i.Br. Germany
| | - Antoine Barthélemy
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburg Materials Research Center FMF Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg i.Br. Germany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburg Materials Research Center FMF Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg i.Br. Germany
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16
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Yang S, Alix A, Bour C, Gandon V. Alkynophilicity of Group 13 MX 3 Salts: A Theoretical Study. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:5507-5522. [PMID: 33769800 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The concept of alkynophilicity is revisited with group 13 MX3 metal salts (M = In, Ga, Al, B; X = Cl, OTf) using M06-2X/6-31+G(d,p) calculations. This study aims at answering why some of these salts show reactivity toward enynes that is similar to that observed with late-transition-metal complexes, notably Au(I) species, and why some of them are inactive. For this purpose, the mechanism of the skeletal reorganization of 1,6-enynes into 1-vinylcyclopentenes has been computed, including monomeric ("standard") and dimeric (superelectrophilic) activation. Those results are confronted with deactivation pathways based on the dissociation of the M-X bond. The role of the X ligand in the stabilization of the intermediate nonclassical carbocation is revealed, and the whole features required to make a good π-Lewis acid are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengwen Yang
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 420, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France.,Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire (LCM), CNRS UMR 9168, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Route de Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Aurélien Alix
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 420, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Christophe Bour
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 420, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Vincent Gandon
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 420, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France.,Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire (LCM), CNRS UMR 9168, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Route de Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
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17
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Boronski JT, Stevens MP, van IJzendoorn B, Whitwood AC, Slattery JM. Insights into the Composition and Structural Chemistry of Gallium(I) Triflate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:1567-1572. [PMID: 33022877 PMCID: PMC7839670 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202010837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
"GaOTf" is a simple, convenient source of low-valent gallium for synthetic chemistry and catalysis. However, little is currently known about its composition or reactivity. In this work, 71 Ga NMR spectroscopy shows the presence of [Ga(arene)n ]+ salts on oxidation of Ga metal with AgOTf in arene solvents. However, a more complex picture of speciation is uncovered by X-ray diffraction studies. In all cases, mixed-valence compounds containing Ga-arene and Ga-OTf coordination motifs, in addition to an unusual "naked" [Ga]+ ion, are found. Addition of 18-crown-6 allows for the isolation of a discrete GaI crown complex. Evidence of a potential intermediate in the formation of "GaOTf" has been isolated in the form of the bimetallic silver(I)/gallium(I) cluster anion [Ag4 {Ga(OTf)3 }4 (μ-Ga)6 (OTf)4 ]2- .
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef T. Boronski
- Department of ChemistryThe University of YorkHeslingtonYorkYO10 5DDUK
| | | | | | | | - John M. Slattery
- Department of ChemistryThe University of YorkHeslingtonYorkYO10 5DDUK
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18
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Glootz K, Barthélemy A, Krossing I. A Simple Homoleptic Gallium(I) Olefin Complex: Mimicking Transition-Metal Chemistry at a Main-Group Metal? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:208-211. [PMID: 32959513 PMCID: PMC7820946 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202011466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The earth-metal olefin complex [GaI (COD)2 ]+ [Al(ORF )4 ]- (COD=1,5-cyclooctadiene; RF =C(CF3 )3 ) constitutes the first homoleptic olefin complex of any main-group metal accessible as a bulk compound. It is straight forward to prepare in good yield and constitutes an olefin complex of a main-group metal that-similar to many transition-metals-may adopt the +1 and +3 oxidation states opening potential applications. Crystallographic-, vibrational- and computational investigations give an insight to the atypical bonding between an olefin and a main-group metal. They are compared to classical transition-metal relatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Glootz
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF)Universität FreiburgAlbertstr. 2179104FreiburgGermany
| | - Antoine Barthélemy
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF)Universität FreiburgAlbertstr. 2179104FreiburgGermany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF)Universität FreiburgAlbertstr. 2179104FreiburgGermany
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19
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Glootz K, Barthélemy A, Krossing I. A Simple Homoleptic Gallium(I) Olefin Complex: Mimicking Transition‐Metal Chemistry at a Main‐Group Metal? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202011466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kim Glootz
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Antoine Barthélemy
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
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20
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Jung HJ, Cho Y, Kim D, Mehrkhodavandi P. Cationic aluminum, gallium, and indium complexes in catalysis. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy01741h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of cationic charge allows cationic group 13 complexes to be excellent Lewis acid catalysts. Cationic aluminum, gallium, and indium complexes in catalysis are comprehensively reviewed based on the reaction type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyuk-Joon Jung
- Department of Chemistry
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
| | - Youngjung Cho
- Department of Chemistry
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
| | - Diana Kim
- Department of Chemistry
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
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21
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Mikhaylov VN, Kazakov IV, Parfeniuk TN, Khoroshilova OV, Scheer M, Timoshkin AY, Balova IA. The carbene transfer to strong Lewis acids: copper is better than silver. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:2872-2879. [DOI: 10.1039/d1dt00235j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Air-stable copper(i) N-heterocyclic carbene complexes are excellent reagents for carbene transfer to Lewis Acids based on group 13 metals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Manfred Scheer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- University of Regensburg
- D-93040 Regensburg
- Germany
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22
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Boronski JT, Stevens MP, IJzendoorn B, Whitwood AC, Slattery JM. Insights into the Composition and Structural Chemistry of Gallium(I) Triflate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202010837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Josef T. Boronski
- Department of Chemistry The University of York Heslington York YO10 5DD UK
| | - Matthew P. Stevens
- Department of Chemistry The University of York Heslington York YO10 5DD UK
| | - Bono IJzendoorn
- Department of Chemistry The University of York Heslington York YO10 5DD UK
| | - Adrian C. Whitwood
- Department of Chemistry The University of York Heslington York YO10 5DD UK
| | - John M. Slattery
- Department of Chemistry The University of York Heslington York YO10 5DD UK
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23
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Li Z, Yang S, Thiery G, Gandon V, Bour C. On the Superior Activity of In(I) versus In(III) Cations Toward ortho-C-Alkylation of Anilines and Intramolecular Hydroamination of Alkenes. J Org Chem 2020; 85:12947-12959. [PMID: 32957782 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An efficient ortho-C-alkylation of unprotected anilines with a variety of styrenes and alkenes using a univalent cationic indium(I) catalyst is reported. Mechanistic studies revealed that the reaction likely proceeds via a tandem hydroamination/Hofmann-Martius rearrangement. The high compatibility between the cationic indium(I) complex and primary anilines led us to develop an In(I)+-catalyzed hydroamination of alkenes using unprotected primary and secondary alkenylamines. Computations support the catalytic activity of naked In(I)+ ions, with an outer sphere mechanism for the C-N bond formation and a potentially inner sphere protodemetallation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilong Li
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 420, Orsay cedex 91405, France
| | - Shengwen Yang
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 420, Orsay cedex 91405, France.,Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire (LCM), CNRS UMR 9168, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, route de Saclay, Palaiseau, Paris cedex 91128, France
| | - Guillaume Thiery
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 420, Orsay cedex 91405, France
| | - Vincent Gandon
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 420, Orsay cedex 91405, France.,Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire (LCM), CNRS UMR 9168, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, route de Saclay, Palaiseau, Paris cedex 91128, France
| | - Christophe Bour
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 420, Orsay cedex 91405, France
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24
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Bentley JN, Elgadi SA, Gaffen JR, Demay-Drouhard P, Baumgartner T, Caputo CB. Fluorescent Lewis Adducts: A Practical Guide to Relative Lewis Acidity. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jordan N. Bentley
- Department of Chemistry, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Seja A. Elgadi
- Department of Chemistry, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Joshua R. Gaffen
- Department of Chemistry, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Paul Demay-Drouhard
- Department of Chemistry, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Thomas Baumgartner
- Department of Chemistry, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Christopher B. Caputo
- Department of Chemistry, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
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25
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Tian J, Chen Y, Vayer M, Djurovic A, Guillot R, Guermazi R, Dagorne S, Bour C, Gandon V. Exploring the Limits of π‐Acid Catalysis Using Strongly Electrophilic Main Group Metal Complexes: The Case of Zinc and Aluminium. Chemistry 2020; 26:12831-12838. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Tian
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO) CNRS UMR 8182 Université Paris-Saclay Bâtiment 420 91405 Orsay cedex France
| | - Yan Chen
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO) CNRS UMR 8182 Université Paris-Saclay Bâtiment 420 91405 Orsay cedex France
| | - Marie Vayer
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO) CNRS UMR 8182 Université Paris-Saclay Bâtiment 420 91405 Orsay cedex France
| | - Alexandre Djurovic
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO) CNRS UMR 8182 Université Paris-Saclay Bâtiment 420 91405 Orsay cedex France
| | - Régis Guillot
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO) CNRS UMR 8182 Université Paris-Saclay Bâtiment 420 91405 Orsay cedex France
| | - Refka Guermazi
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg CNRS-Université de Strasbourg 1 rue Blaise Pascal 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Samuel Dagorne
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg CNRS-Université de Strasbourg 1 rue Blaise Pascal 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Christophe Bour
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO) CNRS UMR 8182 Université Paris-Saclay Bâtiment 420 91405 Orsay cedex France
| | - Vincent Gandon
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO) CNRS UMR 8182 Université Paris-Saclay Bâtiment 420 91405 Orsay cedex France
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire (LCM), CNRS UMR 9168 Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris route de Saclay 91128 Palaiseau cedex France
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26
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Vayer M, Bour C, Gandon V. Exploring the Versatility of 7‐Alkynylcycloheptatriene Scaffolds Under π‐Acid Catalysis. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Vayer
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO) CNRS UMR 8182 Université Paris‐Saclay Bâtiment 420 91405 Orsay cedex France
| | - Christophe Bour
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO) CNRS UMR 8182 Université Paris‐Saclay Bâtiment 420 91405 Orsay cedex France
| | - Vincent Gandon
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO) CNRS UMR 8182 Université Paris‐Saclay Bâtiment 420 91405 Orsay cedex France
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire (LCM) CNRS UMR 9168, Ecole Polytechnique Institut Polytechnique de Paris route de Saclay 91128 Palaiseau cedex France
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27
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Novikov RA, Levina AA, Borisov DD, Volodin AD, Korlyukov AA, Tkachev YV, Platonova YB, Tomilova LG, Tomilov YV. Synthesis of the Cationic Gallium Phthalocyanines and Their Catalytic Application in Gallium(III)-Activated Processes for Donor–Acceptor Substrates. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roman A. Novikov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky prosp., 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 32 Vavilov st., 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Anastasia A. Levina
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky prosp., 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Denis D. Borisov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky prosp., 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander D. Volodin
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str., 28, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander A. Korlyukov
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str., 28, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Yaroslav V. Tkachev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 32 Vavilov st., 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Yana B. Platonova
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Larisa G. Tomilova
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Yury V. Tomilov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky prosp., 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
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28
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Glootz K, Kratzert D, Krossing I. Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Gallium(I) and Indium(I) Cations Coordinated by Pentamethylethylenediamine. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202000170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kim Glootz
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie und Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Daniel Kratzert
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie und Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie und Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
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29
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Yang S, Bour C, Gandon V. Superelectrophilic Gallium(III) Homodimers in Gallium Chloride-Mediated Methylation of Benzene: A Theoretical Study. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b05509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shengwen Yang
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 420, 91405 Orsay cedex, France
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire (LCM), CNRS UMR 9168, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Route de Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - Christophe Bour
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 420, 91405 Orsay cedex, France
| | - Vincent Gandon
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 420, 91405 Orsay cedex, France
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire (LCM), CNRS UMR 9168, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Route de Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
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Li Z, Gandon V, Bour C. Bimolecular vinylation of arenes by vinyl cations. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:6507-6510. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc02300k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Styrene derivatives can be easily synthesized from vinyl triflates and arenes under mild reaction conditions, using [Li][Al(OC(CF3)3)4] as a catalyst and LiHMDS as a base.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilong Li
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay
- CNRS UMR 8182
- Université Paris-Saclay
- 91405 Orsay Cedex
- France
| | - Vincent Gandon
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay
- CNRS UMR 8182
- Université Paris-Saclay
- 91405 Orsay Cedex
- France
| | - Christophe Bour
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay
- CNRS UMR 8182
- Université Paris-Saclay
- 91405 Orsay Cedex
- France
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31
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Dodonov VA, Morozov AG, Rumyantsev RV, Fukin GK, Skatova AA, Roesky PW, Fedushkin IL. Synthesis and ε-Caprolactone Polymerization Activity of Electron-Deficient Gallium and Aluminum Species Containing a Charged Redox-Active dpp-Bian Ligand. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:16559-16573. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir A. Dodonov
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina 49, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russian Federation
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstraße 15, Karlsruhe 76131, Germany
| | - Alexander G. Morozov
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina 49, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russian Federation
| | - Roman V. Rumyantsev
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina 49, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russian Federation
| | - Georgy K. Fukin
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina 49, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russian Federation
| | - Alexandra A. Skatova
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina 49, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russian Federation
| | - Peter W. Roesky
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstraße 15, Karlsruhe 76131, Germany
| | - Igor L. Fedushkin
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina 49, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russian Federation
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
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Djurovic A, Vayer M, Li Z, Guillot R, Baltaze JP, Gandon V, Bour C. Synthesis of Medium-Sized Carbocycles by Gallium-Catalyzed Tandem Carbonyl–Olefin Metathesis/Transfer Hydrogenation. Org Lett 2019; 21:8132-8137. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Djurovic
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 420, Orsay 91405 Cedex, France
| | - Marie Vayer
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 420, Orsay 91405 Cedex, France
| | - Zhilong Li
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 420, Orsay 91405 Cedex, France
| | - Regis Guillot
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 420, Orsay 91405 Cedex, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Baltaze
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 420, Orsay 91405 Cedex, France
| | - Vincent Gandon
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 420, Orsay 91405 Cedex, France
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire (LCM), CNRS UMR 9168, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, route de Saclay, Palaiseau 91128 Cedex, France
| | - Christophe Bour
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 420, Orsay 91405 Cedex, France
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Piskunov AV, Tsys KV, Chegerev MG, Cherkasov AV. Tin(II) Complexes Based on N-Alkyl-Substituted o-Amidophenolate Ligands: Acid–Base and Redox Transformations. RUSS J COORD CHEM+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070328419090069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Wehmschulte RJ, Peverati R, Powell DR. Convenient Access to Gallium(I) Cations through Hydrogen Elimination from Cationic Gallium(III) Hydrides. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:12441-12445. [PMID: 31453691 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Although gallium hydrides XnGaH3-n (X = monoanionic substituent) are usually stable compounds, cationic arene-solvated species [H2Ga(arene)2]+ spontaneously eliminate dihydrogen at room temperature to afford the arene-solvated gallium(I) compounds [Ga(PhF)2][CHB11Cl11] (1) and [Ga(Ph3CH)][B(C6F5)4] (3). A key requirement appears to be the presence of a weakly coordinating anion. Use of the more basic triflimide anion, [NTf2]-, reverses the stability, i.e., the gallium(III) hydride H2GaNTf2 (4) is more stable than the gallium(I) compound GaNTf2 (5). The experimental results are supported by DFT calculations. Compounds 1 and 3 can be used as catalysts for the oligomerization of 2,4,4-trimethyl-1-pentene and the hydrosilylation of benzophenone and 1-hexene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudolf J Wehmschulte
- Chemistry Program , Florida Institute of Technology , 150 West University Boulevard , Melbourne , Florida 32901-6975 , United States
| | - Roberto Peverati
- Chemistry Program , Florida Institute of Technology , 150 West University Boulevard , Melbourne , Florida 32901-6975 , United States
| | - Douglas R Powell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Oklahoma , 101 Stephenson Parkway , Norman , Oklahoma 73019-5251 , United States
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Franz D, Szilvási T, Pöthig A, Inoue S. Isolation of an N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Complex of a Borasilene. Chemistry 2019; 25:11036-11041. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Franz
- Department of ChemistryCatalysis Research Center and Institute of Silicon ChemistryTechnische Universität München Lichtenbergstrasse 4 85748 Garching bei München Germany
| | - Tibor Szilvási
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison 1415 Engineering Drive Madison WI 53706-1607 USA
| | - Alexander Pöthig
- Department of ChemistryCatalysis Research Center and Institute of Silicon ChemistryTechnische Universität München Lichtenbergstrasse 4 85748 Garching bei München Germany
| | - Shigeyoshi Inoue
- Department of ChemistryCatalysis Research Center and Institute of Silicon ChemistryTechnische Universität München Lichtenbergstrasse 4 85748 Garching bei München Germany
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36
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Dagorne S, Wehmschulte R. Recent Developments on the Use of Group 13 Metal Complexes in Catalysis. ChemCatChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201800045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Dagorne
- Institut de Chimie, Université de Strasbourg-CNRS; 1 rue Blaise Pascal 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Rudolf Wehmschulte
- Department of Chemistry; Florida Institute of Technology; 150 West University Boulevard Melbourne FL 32901 USA
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