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Sahoo SR, Dutta S, Al-Thabaiti SA, Mokhtar M, Maiti D. Transition metal catalyzed C-H bond activation by exo-metallacycle intermediates. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:11885-11903. [PMID: 34693418 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05042g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
exo-Metallacycles have become the key reaction intermediates in activating various remote C(sp2)-H and C(sp3)-H bonds in the past decade and aided in achieving unusual site-selectivity. Various novel exo-chelating auxiliaries have assisted metals to reach desired remote C-H bonds of different alcohol and amine-derived substrates. As a result, a wide range of organic transformations of C-H bonds like halogenation, acetoxylation, amidation, sulfonylation, olefination, acylation, arylation, etc. were accessible using the exo-metallacycle strategy. In this review, we have summarized the developments in C-H bond activation via four-, five-, six-, seven- and eight-membered exo-metallacycles and the key reaction intermediates, including the mechanistic aspects, are discussed concisely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumeet Ranjan Sahoo
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai-400076, India.
| | - Subhabrata Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai-400076, India.
| | - Shaeel A Al-Thabaiti
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Mokhtar
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai-400076, India.
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2
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Wang Y, Wu G, Xu X, Pang B, Liao S, Ji Y. Palladium-Catalyzed β-C(sp 3)-H Arylation of Aliphatic Ketones Enabled by a Transient Directing Group. J Org Chem 2021; 86:7296-7303. [PMID: 33950672 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The direct arylation of aliphatic ketones has been developed via Pd-catalyzed β-C(sp3)-H bond functionalization with 2-(aminooxy)-N,N-dimethylacetamide as a novel transient directing group (TDG), which showed remarkable directing ability to generate arylated products in moderate to good yields. Furthermore, the reaction can tolerate abundant substrate of ketones and aryl iodides. This study expands the scope of applications for TDGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Wang
- Engineering Research Centre of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education; School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P.R. China
| | - Gaorong Wu
- Engineering Research Centre of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education; School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobo Xu
- Engineering Research Centre of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education; School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P.R. China
| | - Binghan Pang
- Engineering Research Centre of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education; School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P.R. China
| | - Shaowen Liao
- Shanghai Jinli Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., 108 Yuegong Road, Shanghai 201507, P.R. China
| | - Yafei Ji
- Engineering Research Centre of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education; School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P.R. China
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3
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Tang SB, Fu XP, Wu GR, Zhang LL, Deng KZ, Yang JY, Xia CC, Ji YF. Rhodium(III)-catalyzed C4-amidation of indole-oximes with dioxazolones via C-H activation. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:7922-7931. [PMID: 33001107 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01655a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
A novel method for the Rh(iii)-catalyzed oxime-directed C-H amidation of indoles with dioxazolones has been developed. This strategy provides an exclusive site selectivity and the directing group can be easily removed. This transformation features a wide substrate scope, good functional group tolerance and excellent yields, and may serve as a significant tool to construct structurally diverse indole derivatives for the screening of potential pharmaceuticals in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Biao Tang
- Engineering Research Centre of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education; School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science & Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China.
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4
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Zhang L, Deng K, Wu G, Yang J, Tang S, Fu X, Xia C, Ji Y. Ruthenium(II)-Catalyzed α-Fluoroalkenylation of Oxime Ethers with gem-Difluorostyrenes via C-H Activation and C-F Cleavage. J Org Chem 2020; 85:12670-12681. [PMID: 32885652 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A novel route for ruthenium(II)-catalyzed α-fluoroalkenylation of oxime ethers with gem-difluorostyrenes via C-H activation and C-F cleavage has been developed for the first time. Notably, the alkenyl units of products exhibit exclusive Z-configuration. This reaction features a broad substrate scope and good functional group tolerance. A plausible reaction mechanism is confirmed by an available cycloruthenated intermediate. Besides, the O-methyl oximyl-directing group can be readily removed to access the α-fluoroalkenylated acetophenones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhang
- Engineering Research Centre of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Kezuan Deng
- Engineering Research Centre of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Gaorong Wu
- Engineering Research Centre of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Jinyue Yang
- Engineering Research Centre of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Shibiao Tang
- Engineering Research Centre of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Xiaopan Fu
- Engineering Research Centre of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Chengcai Xia
- Institute of Pharmacology, Pharmacy College, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an 271016, P. R. China
| | - Yafei Ji
- Engineering Research Centre of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
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5
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Yang J, Fu X, Tang S, Deng K, Zhang L, Yang X, Ji Y. 2-Amino-5,6-difluorophenyl-1 H-pyrazole-Directed Pd II Catalysis: Arylation of Unactivated β-C(sp 3)-H Bonds. J Org Chem 2019; 84:10221-10236. [PMID: 31313581 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Palladium-catalyzed arylation of unactivated β-C(sp3)-H bonds in carboxylic acid derivatives with aryl iodides is described for the first time using 2-amino-5,6-difluorophenyl-1H-pyrazole as an efficient and readily removable directing group. Two fluoro groups are installed at the 5- and 6-position of the anilino moiety in 2-aminophenyl-1H-pyrazole, clearly enhancing the directing ability of the auxiliary. In addition, the protocol employs Cu(OAc)2/Ag3PO4 (1.2/0.3) as additives, evidently reducing the stoichiometric amount of expensive silver salts. Furthermore, this process exhibits high β-site selectivity, compatibility with diverse substrates containing α-hydrogen atoms, and excellent functional group tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Xianjin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science , 345 Lingling Road , Shanghai 200032 , P. R. China
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6
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Li JF, Zhao RF, Zhou FQ, She MY, Zhang J, Yin B, Zhang SY, Li JL. Exploring the necessity of an acidic additive for Pd(ii)-catalyzed exclusive C4-fluoroalkylation of 3-acetylindole: a detailed DFT study on the mechanism and regioselectivity. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo01338a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The regioselectivity of Pd(ii)-catalyzed exclusive C4-fluoroalkylation of 3-acetylindole arises from the transfer of electron density from the substrate to the catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Feng Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Northwest University
- Xi'an 710069
- China
| | - Ru-Fang Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Northwest University
- Xi'an 710069
- China
| | - Fu-Qiang Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Northwest University
- Xi'an 710069
- China
| | - Meng-Yao She
- MOE Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Northwest University
- Xi'an 710069
- China
| | - Jun Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Northwest University
- Xi'an 710069
- China
| | - Bing Yin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Northwest University
- Xi'an 710069
- China
| | - Sheng-Yong Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Northwest University
- Xi'an 710069
- China
| | - Jian-Li Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Northwest University
- Xi'an 710069
- China
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