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Zhang M, Wu T, Zhang H, Chen Z, Yang Y, Ling Y, Zhou Y. Mesoporous carbon hemispheres integrated with Fe-Gd nanoparticles for potential MR/PA imaging-guided photothermal therapy. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:658-666. [PMID: 37934458 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02073h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Asymmetric carbon has emerged as an important material to enrich morphologies as well as enhance functions for bioapplications. Here, asymmetric mesoporous carbon hemispheres (CHS) integrated with γ-Fe2O3 and GdPO4 (Fe-Gd) nanoparticles are proposed and prepared for potential imaging-guided photothermal therapy (PTT). Interestingly, Fe-Gd/CHS contributes to an almost 1.5 times enhancement in light harvesting and photothermal conversion efficiency as compared with its corresponding spherical analogue. The possible underlying mechanism is discussed in view of the unique asymmetric structure-featured carbon. Further identification of the inherited photoacoustic (PA) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging properties leads to the consequent in vivo evaluation of its imaging and PTT performances, which demonstrates its capability as a function-integrated system for potential theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Tianze Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Hui Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Zhenxia Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Yannan Yang
- Institute of Optoelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yun Ling
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Yaming Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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2
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Zhang H, Kang Z, Zhu H, Lin H, Yang DP. ZnO/C nanocomposite grafted molecularly imprinted polymers as photoelectrochemical sensing interface for ultrasensitive and selective detection of chloramphenicol. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 859:160284. [PMID: 36403831 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials-based photoelectrochemical (PEC) detection is becoming a rapidly-developing analytical technique in chemical and biological assays due to its unique advantages of easy miniaturization, high sensitivity, and rapid turnaround time. Herein, a molecularly imprinted polymer-assisted PEC sensor based on ZnO/C nanocomposite was successfully fabricated for the highly sensitive and selective determination of chloramphenicol (CAP). Benefiting from the hydrophilic functional groups (-OH, -COOH) and large surface area of bio-templated ZnO/C nanocomposite, the tight grafting of MIP with excellent recognition ability on substrate is easier and more stable than traditional PEC sensor, thus significantly increasing the performance. Under optimal conditions, the PEC sensor exhibited significant CAP detection performance in the range of 0.01-5000 ng mL-1 with a detection LOD of 5.08 pg mL-1 (S/N = 3) and successfully applied to the detection of CAP in milk sample. Our results show that ZnO/C nanocomposite and MIP can act as an efficient photo-responsible matrix to fabricate PEC sensor, providing important application potentials for pollutants control in food and environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huafang Zhang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Chemical Materials and Green Nanotechnology, College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, China
| | - Zewen Kang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Materials and Green Nanotechnology, College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, China
| | - Hu Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, 32 Shangsan Road, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Hetong Lin
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
| | - Da-Peng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Materials and Green Nanotechnology, College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, China; School of Rehabilitation Science and Engineering, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao 266024, China.
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3
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Dynamic/column tests for dibenzothiophene (DBT) removal using chemically functionalized carbons: Exploring the effect of physicochemical features and breakthrough modeling. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.128597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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4
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Wang D, Chen R, Zhu X, Ye D, Yang Y, Yu Y, Li J, Liu Y, Zhao H, Liao Q. Synergetic Photo-Thermo Catalytic Hydrogen Production by Carbon Materials. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:1602-1608. [PMID: 35142214 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c03988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Photo-thermo catalytic hydrogen production represents one of the most promising routes for channeling solar energy but typically suffers from high reaction temperatures. In this work, we develop photo-thermo catalytic hydrogen production at low temperatures by cost-effective, nonplasmonic, and metal-free nitrogen-doped carbon materials (CNO1-x). We demonstrate that due to the photothermal conversion of CNO1-x, carrier generation is improved and electron migration is enhanced to suppress the recombination of electron-hole pairs, both of which promote hydrogen production by photocatalysis, while generated hydrogen radicals facilitate the regeneration of active sites for hydrogen production by thermocatalysis. Such synergy greatly promotes photo-thermo catalytic hydrogen production at low temperatures. These results demonstrate the great promise of photo-thermo catalytic hydrogen production over carbon materials at low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dechao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400030, China
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Rong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400030, China
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Xun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400030, China
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Dingding Ye
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400030, China
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400030, China
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Youxu Yu
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400030, China
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Jinwang Li
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400030, China
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Yuxin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400030, China
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Hang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400030, China
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Qiang Liao
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400030, China
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
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Zhu Z, Li X, Luo M, Chen M, Chen W, Yang P, Zhou X. Synthesis of carbon dots with high photocatalytic reactivity by tailoring heteroatom doping. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 605:330-341. [PMID: 34329982 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutant by carbon-based materials is still a challenge. Herein, xylose-derived carbon dots (X-CDs) and chitosan-derived CDs (C-CDs) were synthesized by heteroatoms-doping strategy. Although there is almost no difference in fluorescence emission behaviors, the two types of CDs demonstrated different advantages in photocatalysis and peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation. Comparative research revealed that the X-CDs with doping of heteroatom S was superior in the separation of electron-hole pairs, resulting in a higher catalytic performance, while the S, N co-doped C-CDs can only exhibit high photocatalytic reactivity when they were coupled with PMS. The underlying reason is that the N-related functional groups with strong electron-donating property weakened the electron-trapping capacity of S-related energy level, but surface state resulting from this doping structures were conducive to promoting photo-generated electron transfer from C-CDs to PMS and played the primary role in organic oxidation. Thanks to the doping effect, both the X-CDs and C-CDs/PMS system displayed high photocatalytic performance for methylene blue removal under sunlight irradiation, showing almost 100% degradation efficiency in a 30 min period. The present study provides a valuable insight for the synthesis of CDs-based catalysts but also establishes a very promising catalytic oxidation system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Zhu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Fast-growing Tree & Agro-fibre Materials Engineering Center, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xinghui Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Fast-growing Tree & Agro-fibre Materials Engineering Center, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Min Luo
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Fast-growing Tree & Agro-fibre Materials Engineering Center, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Minzhi Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Fast-growing Tree & Agro-fibre Materials Engineering Center, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Weimin Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Fast-growing Tree & Agro-fibre Materials Engineering Center, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Pei Yang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Fast-growing Tree & Agro-fibre Materials Engineering Center, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Zhou
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Fast-growing Tree & Agro-fibre Materials Engineering Center, Nanjing 210037, China.
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6
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Zhang H, Wu T, Chen Y, Zhang Q, Chen Z, Ling Y, Jia Y, Yang Y, Liu X, Zhou Y. Hollow carbon nanospheres dotted with Gd-Fe nanoparticles for magnetic resonance and photoacoustic imaging. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:10943-10952. [PMID: 34132292 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr02914b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Integrating magnetic resonance (MR) and photoacoustic (PA) contrast agents into porous nanomaterials is a favorable way for screening of potential theranostic nanomedicines. Hollow carbon nanospheres (HCSs) dotted with GdPO4 and γ-Fe2O3 (Gd-Fe) nanoparticles are therefore prepared and studied in this work. The resultant Gd-Fe/HCSs possess a size of ∼100 nm with a cavity of ∼80 nm and a shell thickness of ∼10 nm, where the magnetic Gd-Fe nanoparticles are dotted. Owing to the synergistic effects, the Gd-Fe/HCSs give 2.5 times enhanced PA signals as compared with HCSs as well as the inherited MR imaging properties from Gd-Fe nanoparticles. In vivo MR and PA imaging of the liver in mice are consequently evaluated and validated. Furthermore, taking the tunable particle size, hollow cavity, shell thickness, and dotted amounts of nanoparticles into consideration, our studies here provide a useful structural model for the synergistic integration of MR and PA imaging in HCSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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Yadav N, Adolfsson KH, Hakkarainen M. Carbon Dot-Triggered Photocatalytic Degradation of Cellulose Acetate. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:2211-2223. [PMID: 33905248 PMCID: PMC8382246 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Chemical modification
of biopolymers, before use in thermoplastic
applications, can reduce the susceptibility to open environment degradation.
We demonstrate carbon dots (CDs) as green photocatalytic triggers
that can render the common cellulose derivative, cellulose acetate
(CA), degradable under open environment relevant conditions. CD-modified
cellulose acetate (CA + CD) films were subjected to UV-A irradiation
in air and simulated sea water, and the degradation process was mapped
by multiple spectroscopic, chromatographic, and microscopy techniques.
The addition of CDs effectively catalyzed the deacetylation reaction,
the bottleneck preventing biodegradation of CA. The photocatalytically
activated degradation process led to significant weight loss, release
of small molecules, and regeneration of cellulose fibers. The weight
loss of CA + CD after 30 days of UV-A irradiation in air or simulated
sea water was 53 and 43%, respectively, while the corresponding values
for plain CA films were 12 and 4%. At the same time the weight average
molar mass of CA + CD decreased from 62,000 to 11,000 g/mol and 15,000
g/mol during UV-A irradiation in air and simulated sea water, respectively,
and the degree of substitution (DS) decreased from 2.2 to 1.6 both
in air and in water. The aging in water alone did not affect the weight
average molar mass, but the DS was decreased to 1.9. Control experiments
confirmed the generation of hydrogen peroxide when aqueous CD dispersion
was subjected to UV-A irradiation, indicating a free radical mechanism.
These results are promising for the development of products, such
as mulching films, with photocatalytically triggered environmental
degradation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Yadav
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, Stockholm 100 44, Sweden.,Wallenberg Wood Science Center (WWSC), KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, Stockholm 100 44, Sweden
| | - Karin H Adolfsson
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, Stockholm 100 44, Sweden
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, Stockholm 100 44, Sweden.,Wallenberg Wood Science Center (WWSC), KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, Stockholm 100 44, Sweden
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8
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Fei X, Wang P, Zhang D, Wang H, Wu Z. Confined Catalysts Application in Environmental Catalysis: Current Research Progress and Future Prospects. ChemCatChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202001578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqi Fei
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health Ministry of Education College of Environmental & Resources Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 P.R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Industrial Boiler & Furnace Flue Gas Pollution Control Hangzhou 310058 P. R. China
| | - Penglu Wang
- International Joint Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry Department of Chemistry Research Center of Nano Science and Technology College of Sciences Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 P. R. China
| | - Dengsong Zhang
- International Joint Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry Department of Chemistry Research Center of Nano Science and Technology College of Sciences Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 P. R. China
| | - Haiqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health Ministry of Education College of Environmental & Resources Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 P.R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Industrial Boiler & Furnace Flue Gas Pollution Control Hangzhou 310058 P. R. China
| | - Zhongbiao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health Ministry of Education College of Environmental & Resources Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 P.R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Industrial Boiler & Furnace Flue Gas Pollution Control Hangzhou 310058 P. R. China
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9
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Bie C, Yu H, Cheng B, Ho W, Fan J, Yu J. Design, Fabrication, and Mechanism of Nitrogen-Doped Graphene-Based Photocatalyst. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2003521. [PMID: 33458902 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202003521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Solving energy and environmental problems through solar-driven photocatalysis is an attractive and challenging topic. Hence, various types of photocatalysts have been developed successively to address the demands of photocatalysis. Graphene-based materials have elicited considerable attention since the discovery of graphene. As a derivative of graphene, nitrogen-doped graphene (NG) particularly stands out. Nitrogen atoms can break the undifferentiated structure of graphene and open the bandgap while endowing graphene with an uneven electron density distribution. Therefore, NG retains nearly all the advantages of original graphene and is equipped with several novel properties, ensuring infinite possibilities for NG-based photocatalysis. This review introduces the atomic and band structures of NG, summarizes in situ and ex situ synthesis methods, highlights the mechanism and advantages of NG in photocatalysis, and outlines its applications in different photocatalysis directions (primarily hydrogen production, CO2 reduction, pollutant degradation, and as photoactive ingredient). Lastly, the central challenges and possible improvements of NG-based photocatalysis in the future are presented. This study is expected to learn from the past and achieve progress toward the future for NG-based photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanbiao Bie
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Xianhu Hydrogen Valley, Foshan, 528200, P. R. China
| | - Huogen Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Bei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Wingkei Ho
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, N. T., Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Jiajie Fan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Jiaguo Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Xianhu Hydrogen Valley, Foshan, 528200, P. R. China
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10
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Bandosz TJ. Exploring the Silent Aspect of Carbon Nanopores. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:407. [PMID: 33562709 PMCID: PMC7915842 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Recently, owing to the discovery of graphene, porous carbons experienced a revitalization in their explorations. However, nowadays, the focus is more on search for suitable energy advancing catalysts sensing, energy storage or thermal/light absorbing features than on separations. In many of these processes, adsorption, although not emphasized sufficiently, can be a significant step. It can just provide a surface accumulation of molecules used in other application-driving chemical or physical phenomena or can be even an additional mechanism adding to the efficiency of the overall performance. However, that aspect of confined molecules in pores and their involvement in the overall performance is often underrated. In many applications, nanopores might silently advance the target processes or might very directly affect or change the outcomes. Therefore, the objective of this communication is to bring awareness to the role of nanopores in carbon materials, and also in other solids, to scientists working on cutting-edge application of nonporous carbons, not necessary involving the adsorption process directly. It is not our intention to provide a clear explanation of the small pore effects, but we rather tend to indicate that such effects exist and that their full explanation is complex, as complex is the surface of nanoporous carbons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa J Bandosz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA
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11
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Zhu J, Shang J, Zhu T. A new understanding of the microstructure of soot particles: The reduced graphene oxide-like skeleton and its visible-light driven formation of reactive oxygen species. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 270:116079. [PMID: 33234379 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms of soot's photochemistry are still unclear, especially, how the microstructure and composition of soot influence its photoactivity. In the current study, we started with the exploration of the microstructure of soot particles and gained new insights. The elemental-carbon fraction of soot (E-soot), considered the core component of soot and can reflect the intrinsic characteristics of soot, was extracted by organic solvents and characterized in terms of structure and chemical reactivity. The intrinsic structure of E-soot was found to be more analogous to reduced graphene oxide than to graphene, in terms of containing similar levels of defective sites such as oxygen-containing functional groups and environmentally persistent free radicals, as well as exhibiting similar optoelectronic performance. The generation of reactive oxygen species via an electron transfer pathway under visible light suggests that reduced graphene oxide-like E-soot can serve as a potential carbo-photocatalyst, which facilitates elucidating the mechanism of E-soot's role during soot's photochemical aging. Our study reveals the intrinsic structure of soot and its role in photo-triggered reactive oxygen species production, which is vital for atmospheric and health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Zhu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, 5 Yiheyuan Road, Beijing, 100871, PR China
| | - Jing Shang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, 5 Yiheyuan Road, Beijing, 100871, PR China.
| | - Tong Zhu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, 5 Yiheyuan Road, Beijing, 100871, PR China; Beijing Innovation Center for Engineering Science and Advanced Technology (BIC-ESAT), Peking University, 5 Yiheyuan Road, Beijing, 100871, PR China
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12
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Pei S, You S, Ma J, Chen X, Ren N. Electron Spin Resonance Evidence for Electro-generated Hydroxyl Radicals. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:13333-13343. [PMID: 32931260 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c05287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Electro-generated hydroxyl radicals (•OH) are of fundamental importance to the electrochemical advanced oxidation process (EAOP). Radical-specific electron spin resonance (ESR) evidence is still lacking in association with the direct electron transfer (DET) reaction of spin trap (e.g., 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide; DMPO) and side reactions of the DMPO-OH adduct in the strongly oxidative environment offered by anodic polarization. Herein, we showed ESR identification of electro-generated •OH in EAOP based on the principle of kinetic selection. Excessive addition of a DMPO agent and fast spin trapping allowed suitable kinetic conditions to be set for effective spin trapping of electro-generated •OH and subsequent ESR identification. Otherwise, interferential triplet signals would emerge due to formation of paramagnetic dimer via dehydrogenation, DET oxidation, and dimerization reactions of the DMPO-OH adduct. The results demonstrate that •OH formation during spin-trapping on the titanium suboxide (TiSO) anode could be quantified as 47.84 ± 0.44 μM at current density of 10 mA cm-2. This value revealed a positive dependence on electrolysis time, current density, and anode potential. The effectiveness of ESR measurements was verified by the results obtained with the terephthalic acid probe. The ESR identification not only provides direct evidence for electro-generated •OH from a fundamental point of view, but also suggests a strategy to screen effective anode materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuzhao Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, P. R. China
| | - Shijie You
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, P. R. China
| | - Jun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Nanqi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, P. R. China
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13
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Guan Q, Wang GB, Zhou LL, Li WY, Dong YB. Nanoscale covalent organic frameworks as theranostic platforms for oncotherapy: synthesis, functionalization, and applications. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:3656-3733. [PMID: 36132748 PMCID: PMC9419729 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00537a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Cancer nanomedicine is one of the most promising domains that has emerged in the continuing search for cancer diagnosis and treatment. The rapid development of nanomaterials and nanotechnology provide a vast array of materials for use in cancer nanomedicine. Among the various nanomaterials, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are becoming an attractive class of upstarts owing to their high crystallinity, structural regularity, inherent porosity, extensive functionality, design flexibility, and good biocompatibility. In this comprehensive review, recent developments and key achievements of COFs are provided, including their structural design, synthesis methods, nanocrystallization, and functionalization strategies. Subsequently, a systematic overview of the potential oncotherapy applications achieved till date in the fast-growing field of COFs is provided with the aim to inspire further contributions and developments to this nascent but promising field. Finally, development opportunities, critical challenges, and some personal perspectives for COF-based cancer therapeutics are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Guan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 P. R. China
| | - Guang-Bo Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 P. R. China
| | - Le-Le Zhou
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 P. R. China
| | - Wen-Yan Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 P. R. China
| | - Yu-Bin Dong
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 P. R. China
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14
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Gesesse GD, Gomis-Berenguer A, Barthe MF, Ania CO. On the analysis of diffuse reflectance measurements to estimate the optical properties of amorphous porous carbons and semiconductor/carbon catalysts. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.112622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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15
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Haye E, Job N, Wang Y, Penninckx S, Stergiopoulos V, Tumanov N, Cardinal M, Busby Y, Colomer JF, Su BL, Pireaux JJ, Houssiau L. ZnO/Carbon xerogel photocatalysts by low-pressure plasma treatment, the role of the carbon substrate and its plasma functionalization. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 570:312-321. [PMID: 32171093 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
ZnO is known to be photocatalytic, but with limited performances due to the strong electron-hole recombination after irradiation. The integration of ZnO nanomaterials on a conductive and high surface area carbon substrate is thus a potential alternative to obtain a significant improvement of the photocatalytic performance. Moreover, the carbon functionalization is expected to have a significant role in the adsorption/degradation mechanisms of dye, due to the difference in wettability or surface charge. In this view, ZnO photocatalytic nanoparticles have been deposited on high surface area carbon xerogel substrate (CXG), using a new and original plasma process, consisting in the degradation of a solid organometallic directly on the carbon substrate (no gaseous precursor). In addition to the ZnO nanoparticle formation, the plasma treatment allows the carbon functionalization. The ZnO/CXG composite has been tested for the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) in aqueous media and compared with and O2 or NH3 plasma-treated xerogels (without nanoparticles) to identify the significant role of the substrate and its modification in the RhB adsorption and degradation mechanism. The high photocatalytic activity of ZnO/CXG composite is attributed to (i) the formation of small (8-10 nm) and well-crystallized ZnO nanoparticles anchored to the carbon substrate and (ii) to the modification of the xerogel surface chemistry. Indeed, O2 plasma treatment of the CXG promotes the generation of hydroxyl, carbonyl and carboxyl surface functional groups, which are polar and acidic, while the NH3 plasma treatment mainly leads to the formation of polar and basic amino groups. While both plasma treatments promote the formation of polar functional groups, which enhance the CXG wettability, the formation of acidic groups is identified as beneficial for the adsorption of the RhB dye, while basic groups are detrimental.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emile Haye
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Spectroscopie Electronique (LISE), Namur Institute of Structured Matter (NISM), University of Namur, 61 Rue de Bruxelles, 5000 Namur, Belgium.
| | - Nathalie Job
- Department of Chemical Engineering - Nanomaterials, Catalysis, Electrochemistry, University of Liège, Building B6a, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Yingying Wang
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials Chemistry (CMI), University of Namur, 61 Rue de Bruxelles, 5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Sébastien Penninckx
- Laboratoire d'Analyse par Réactions Nucléaires (LARN), Namur Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur, 61 Rue de Bruxelles, 5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Vaios Stergiopoulos
- Department of Chemical Engineering - Nanomaterials, Catalysis, Electrochemistry, University of Liège, Building B6a, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Nikolay Tumanov
- Chemistry Department, University of Namur, 61 Rue de Bruxelles, 5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Margot Cardinal
- Laboratoire d'Analyse par Réactions Nucléaires (LARN), Namur Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur, 61 Rue de Bruxelles, 5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Yan Busby
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Spectroscopie Electronique (LISE), Namur Institute of Structured Matter (NISM), University of Namur, 61 Rue de Bruxelles, 5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Jean-François Colomer
- Service de Microscopie Electronique, University of Namur, 61 Rue de Bruxelles, 5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Bao-Lian Su
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials Chemistry (CMI), University of Namur, 61 Rue de Bruxelles, 5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Jean-Jacques Pireaux
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Spectroscopie Electronique (LISE), Namur Institute of Structured Matter (NISM), University of Namur, 61 Rue de Bruxelles, 5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Laurent Houssiau
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Spectroscopie Electronique (LISE), Namur Institute of Structured Matter (NISM), University of Namur, 61 Rue de Bruxelles, 5000 Namur, Belgium
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16
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Hybrid Material Based on an Amorphous-Carbon Matrix and ZnO/Zn for the Solar Photocatalytic Degradation of Basic Blue 41. Molecules 2019; 25:molecules25010096. [PMID: 31888030 PMCID: PMC6983089 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25010096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Innovative composites based on an amorphous-carbon matrix containing a second phase ZnO oxide and/or highly dispersed Zn metallic were synthesized via a modified Pechini route, in which a partial pyrolysis method was reached. Studies of adsorption in the dark and the photocatalytic activity for the cationic azo-dye, basic blue 41, and degradation were carried out. X-ray diffraction patterns for the carbon matrix and its composite with Zn show characteristics of the amorphous carbon. The infrared in the mid region of the composite prepared with ZnO and Zn exhibit vibrational bands related to bonds zinc oxide. The surface pH of the material is the main factor responsible for the adsorption of the azo-dye, but the contribution of mesopores favored the diffusion of molecules from the bulk of solution to the pore framework. Esters-like functional groups on the surface of carbons hinder the adsorption of the azo-dye. When Zn is embedded within amorphous carbon the photocatalytic activity of the composites showed up to 2.4 higher than neat ZnO. The enhancement in the photocatalytic activity and stability of C/ZnO/Zn and C/Zn composites is discussed in terms of a protector effect by the carbon layers inserted in composites. Carbon layers are responsible to inhibit the lixiviation of ZnO particles along irradiation.
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Mestre AS, Carvalho AP. Photocatalytic Degradation of Pharmaceuticals Carbamazepine, Diclofenac, and Sulfamethoxazole by Semiconductor and Carbon Materials: A Review. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24203702. [PMID: 31618947 PMCID: PMC6832631 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24203702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of pharmaceutical compounds in the environment is a reality that calls for more efficient water treatment technologies. Photocatalysis is a powerful technology available but the high energy costs associated with the use of UV irradiation hinder its large scale implementation. More sustainable and cheaper photocatalytic processes can be achieved by improving the sunlight harvesting and the synthesis of semiconductor/carbon composites has proved to be a promising strategy. Carbamazepine, diclofenac, and sulfamethoxazole were selected as target pharmaceuticals due to their recalcitrant behavior during conventional wastewater treatment and persistence in the environment, as properly reviewed. The literature data on the photocatalytic removal of carbamazepine, diclofenac, and sulfamethoxazole by semiconductor/carbon materials was critically revised to highlight the role of the carbon in the enhanced semiconductor performance under solar irradiation. Generally it was demonstrated that carbon materials induce red-shift absorption and they contribute to more effective charge separation, thus improving the composite photoactivity. Carbon was added as a dopant (C-doping) or as support or doping materials (i.e., nanoporous carbons, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene, and derived materials, carbon quantum dots (CQDs), and biochars) and in the large majority of the cases, TiO2 was the semiconductor tested. The specific role of carbon materials is dependent on their properties but even the more amorphous forms, like nanoporous carbons or biochars, allow to prepare composites with improved properties compared to the bare semiconductor. The self-photocatalytic activity of the carbon materials was also reported and should be further explored. The removal and mineralization rates, as well as degradation pathways and toxicity of the treated solutions were also critically analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana S Mestre
- Centro de Química e Bioquímica and Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Ana P Carvalho
- Centro de Química e Bioquímica and Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
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18
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TiO 2/S-Doped Carbons Hybrids: Analysis of Their Interfacial and Surface Features. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24193585. [PMID: 31590359 PMCID: PMC6804183 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24193585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybrids containing approximately equal amounts of P25 TiO2 and S-doped porous carbons were prepared using a water-based slurry mixing method. The materials were extensively characterized by adsorption of nitrogen, potentiometric titration, thermal analysis in air and in helium, XRD, XPS and SEM. The collected results showed the significant blockage of carbon micropores by TiO2 particles deposited on their outer surface. The formation of a new interface, especially for the S-rich samples, might also contribute to the porosity alteration. Analysis of surface chemistry suggested the presence of Ti-S bonds with an involvement of sulfur from thiophenic species in the carbon phase. The latter, especially when polymer-derived, was mainly deposited on the TiO2 nanoparticles. Formation of Ti-S stabilized sulfur and increased the ignition temperature of the hybrids, especially those with a high content of sulfur, in comparison with the ignition temperature of carbons. The surfaces of hybrid with S-containing carbons was also thermally very stable and of basic chemical nature. The formation of interfacial structures Ti-C was detected by XPS analysis suggesting a partial reduction of the Ti.
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19
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Glucose precursor carbon-doped TiO2 heterojunctions for enhanced efficiency in photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide to methanol. J CO2 UTIL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2019.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Casco ME, Kirchhoff S, Leistenschneider D, Rauche M, Brunner E, Borchardt L. Mechanochemical synthesis of N-doped porous carbon at room temperature. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:4712-4718. [PMID: 30838363 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr01019j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
We report the one-pot mechanochemical synthesis of N-doped porous carbons at room temperature using a planetary ball mill. The fast reaction (5 minutes) between calcium carbide and cyanuric chloride proceeds in absence of any solvent and displays a facile bottom-up strategy that completely avoids typical thermal carbonization steps and directly yields a N-doped porous carbon containing 16 wt% of nitrogen and exhibiting a surface area of 1080 m2 g-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirian Elizabeth Casco
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstrasse 66, 01069, Dresden, Germany.
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