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Niu Z, Kozminsky M, Day KC, Broses LJ, Henderson ML, Patsalis C, Tagett R, Qin Z, Blumberg S, Reichert ZR, Merajver SD, Udager AM, Palmbos PL, Nagrath S, Day ML. Characterization of circulating tumor cells in patients with metastatic bladder cancer utilizing functionalized microfluidics. Neoplasia 2024; 57:101036. [PMID: 39173508 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2024.101036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Assessing the molecular profiles of bladder cancer (BC) from patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease provides valuable insights, such as identification of invasive markers, to guide personalized treatment. Currently, most molecular profiling of BC is based on highly invasive biopsy or transurethral tumor resection. Liquid biopsy takes advantage of less-invasive procedures to longitudinally profile disease. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) isolated from blood are one of the key analytes of liquid biopsy. In this study, we developed a protein and mRNA co-analysis workflow for BC CTCs utilizing the graphene oxide (GO) microfluidic chip. The GO chip was conjugated with antibodies against both EpCAM and EGFR to isolate CTCs from 1 mL of blood drawn from BC patients. Following CTC capture, protein and mRNA were analyzed using immunofluorescent staining and ion-torrent-based whole transcriptome sequencing, respectively. Elevated CTC counts were significantly associated with patient disease status at the time of blood draw. We found a count greater than 2.5 CTCs per mL was associated with shorter overall survival. The invasive markers EGFR, HER2, CD31, and ADAM15 were detected in CTC subpopulations. Whole transcriptome sequencing showed distinct RNA expression profiles from patients with or without tumor burden at the time of blood draw. In patients with advanced metastatic disease, we found significant upregulation of metastasis-related and chemotherapy-resistant genes. This methodology demonstrates the capability of GO chip-based assays to identify tumor-related RNA signatures, highlighting the prognostic potential of CTCs in metastatic BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeqi Niu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Biointerface Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Rogel Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Molly Kozminsky
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Biointerface Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Rogel Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Kathleen C Day
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Rogel Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Luke J Broses
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Rogel Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Marian L Henderson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology Oncology Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Rogel Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Christopher Patsalis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology Oncology Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Rogel Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Rebecca Tagett
- Bioinformatics Core, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Zhaoping Qin
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sarah Blumberg
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Rogel Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Zachery R Reichert
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology Oncology Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Rogel Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sofia D Merajver
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology Oncology Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Rogel Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Aaron M Udager
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Rogel Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Phillip L Palmbos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology Oncology Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Rogel Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sunitha Nagrath
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Biointerface Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Rogel Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Mark L Day
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Rogel Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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Purcell E, Niu Z, Owen S, Grzesik M, Radomski A, Kaehr A, Onukwugha NE, Winkler HF, Ramnath N, Lawrence T, Jolly S, Nagrath S. Circulating tumor cells reveal early predictors of disease progression in patients with stage III NSCLC undergoing chemoradiation and immunotherapy. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113687. [PMID: 38261515 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are early signs of metastasis and can be used to monitor disease progression well before radiological detection by imaging. Using an ultrasensitive graphene oxide microfluidic chip nanotechnology built with graphene oxide sheets, we were able to demonstrate that CTCs can be specifically isolated and molecularly characterized to predict future progression in patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We analyzed CTCs from 26 patients at six time points throughout the treatment course of chemoradiation followed by immune checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy. We observed that CTCs decreased significantly during treatment, where a larger decrease in CTCs predicted a significantly longer progression-free survival time. Durvalumab-treated patients who have future progression were observed to have sustained higher programmed death ligand 1+ CTCs compared to stable patients. Gene expression profiling revealed phenotypically aggressive CTCs during chemoradiation. By using emerging innovative bioengineering approaches, we successfully show that CTCs are potential biomarkers to monitor and predict patient outcomes in patients with stage III NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Purcell
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Zeqi Niu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sarah Owen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Madeline Grzesik
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Abigail Radomski
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Anna Kaehr
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Nna-Emeka Onukwugha
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | | | - Nithya Ramnath
- Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - Theodore Lawrence
- Michigan Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA; Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - Shruti Jolly
- Michigan Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA; Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA.
| | - Sunitha Nagrath
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA.
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3
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Bae SY, Kamalanathan KJ, Galeano-Garces C, Konety BR, Antonarakis ES, Parthasarathy J, Hong J, Drake JM. Dissemination of Circulating Tumor Cells in Breast and Prostate Cancer: Implications for Early Detection. Endocrinology 2024; 165:bqae022. [PMID: 38366552 PMCID: PMC10904107 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqae022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Burgeoning evidence suggests that circulating tumor cells (CTCs) may disseminate into blood vessels at an early stage, seeding metastases in various cancers such as breast and prostate cancer. Simultaneously, the early-stage CTCs that settle in metastatic sites [termed disseminated tumor cells (DTCs)] can enter dormancy, marking a potential source of late recurrence and therapy resistance. Thus, the presence of these early CTCs poses risks to patients but also holds potential benefits for early detection and treatment and opportunities for possibly curative interventions. This review delves into the role of early DTCs in driving latent metastasis within breast and prostate cancer, emphasizing the importance of early CTC detection in these diseases. We further explore the correlation between early CTC detection and poor prognoses, which contribute significantly to increased cancer mortality. Consequently, the detection of CTCs at an early stage emerges as a critical imperative for enhancing clinical diagnostics and allowing for early interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Badrinath R Konety
- Astrin Biosciences, St. Paul, MN 55114, USA
- Allina Health Cancer Institute, Minneapolis, MN 55407, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA
| | - Emmanuel S Antonarakis
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | | | - Jiarong Hong
- Astrin Biosciences, St. Paul, MN 55114, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and St. Anthony Falls Laboratory, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA
| | - Justin M Drake
- Astrin Biosciences, St. Paul, MN 55114, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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4
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Lawrence R, Watters M, Davies CR, Pantel K, Lu YJ. Circulating tumour cells for early detection of clinically relevant cancer. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2023:10.1038/s41571-023-00781-y. [PMID: 37268719 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-023-00781-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Given that cancer mortality is usually a result of late diagnosis, efforts in the field of early detection are paramount to reducing cancer-related deaths and improving patient outcomes. Increasing evidence indicates that metastasis is an early event in patients with aggressive cancers, often occurring even before primary lesions are clinically detectable. Metastases are usually formed from cancer cells that spread to distant non-malignant tissues via the blood circulation, termed circulating tumour cells (CTCs). CTCs have been detected in patients with early stage cancers and, owing to their association with metastasis, might indicate the presence of aggressive disease, thus providing a possible means to expedite diagnosis and treatment initiation for such patients while avoiding overdiagnosis and overtreatment of those with slow-growing, indolent tumours. The utility of CTCs as an early diagnostic tool has been investigated, although further improvements in the efficiency of CTC detection are required. In this Perspective, we discuss the clinical significance of early haematogenous dissemination of cancer cells, the potential of CTCs to facilitate early detection of clinically relevant cancers, and the technological advances that might improve CTC capture and, thus, diagnostic performance in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Lawrence
- Centre for Biomarkers and Therapeutics, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Melissa Watters
- Barts and London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University London, London, UK
| | - Caitlin R Davies
- Centre for Biomarkers and Therapeutics, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Klaus Pantel
- Department of Tumour Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Yong-Jie Lu
- Centre for Biomarkers and Therapeutics, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
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5
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Huh HD, Sub Y, Oh J, Kim YE, Lee JY, Kim HR, Lee S, Lee H, Pak S, Amos SE, Vahala D, Park JH, Shin JE, Park SY, Kim HS, Roh YH, Lee HW, Guan KL, Choi YS, Jeong J, Choi J, Roe JS, Gee HY, Park HW. Reprogramming anchorage dependency by adherent-to-suspension transition promotes metastatic dissemination. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:63. [PMID: 36991428 PMCID: PMC10061822 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01753-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although metastasis is the foremost cause of cancer-related death, a specialized mechanism that reprograms anchorage dependency of solid tumor cells into circulating tumor cells (CTCs) during metastatic dissemination remains a critical area of challenge. METHODS We analyzed blood cell-specific transcripts and selected key Adherent-to-Suspension Transition (AST) factors that are competent to reprogram anchorage dependency of adherent cells into suspension cells in an inducible and reversible manner. The mechanisms of AST were evaluated by a series of in vitro and in vivo assays. Paired samples of primary tumors, CTCs, and metastatic tumors were collected from breast cancer and melanoma mouse xenograft models and patients with de novo metastasis. Analyses of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and tissue staining were performed to validate the role of AST factors in CTCs. Loss-of-function experiments were performed by shRNA knockdown, gene editing, and pharmacological inhibition to block metastasis and prolong survival. RESULTS We discovered a biological phenomenon referred to as AST that reprograms adherent cells into suspension cells via defined hematopoietic transcriptional regulators, which are hijacked by solid tumor cells to disseminate into CTCs. Induction of AST in adherent cells 1) suppress global integrin/ECM gene expression via Hippo-YAP/TEAD inhibition to evoke spontaneous cell-matrix dissociation and 2) upregulate globin genes that prevent oxidative stress to acquire anoikis resistance, in the absence of lineage differentiation. During dissemination, we uncover the critical roles of AST factors in CTCs derived from patients with de novo metastasis and mouse models. Pharmacological blockade of AST factors via thalidomide derivatives in breast cancer and melanoma cells abrogated CTC formation and suppressed lung metastases without affecting the primary tumor growth. CONCLUSION We demonstrate that suspension cells can directly arise from adherent cells by the addition of defined hematopoietic factors that confer metastatic traits. Furthermore, our findings expand the prevailing cancer treatment paradigm toward direct intervention within the metastatic spread of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunbin D Huh
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujin Sub
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongwook Oh
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Eun Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Young Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa-Ryeon Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hannah Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Sebastian E Amos
- School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Danielle Vahala
- School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Jae Hyung Park
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Shin
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - So Yeon Park
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Sang Kim
- Yonsei Cancer Center, Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Sciences, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hoon Roh
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Woong Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Kun-Liang Guan
- Department of Pharmacology and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Yu Suk Choi
- School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Joon Jeong
- Departments of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 06273, Republic of Korea
| | - Junjeong Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Seok Roe
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Heon Yung Gee
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun Woo Park
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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Tao W, Luo ZH, He YD, Wang BY, Xia TL, Deng WM, Zhang LX, Tang XM, Meng ZA, Gao X, Li LY. Plasma extracellular vesicle circRNA signature and resistance to abiraterone in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Br J Cancer 2023; 128:1320-1332. [PMID: 36703078 PMCID: PMC10050318 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02147-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to develop and validate a plasma extracellular vesicle circular RNA (circRNA)-based signature that can predict overall survival (OS) in first-line abiraterone therapy for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients. METHODS In total, 582 mCRPC patients undergoing first-line abiraterone therapy from four institutions were sorted by three phases. In the discovery phase, 30 plasma samples from 30 case-matched patients with or without early progression were obtained to generate circRNA expression profiles using RNA sequencing. In the training phase, differentially expressed circRNAs were examined using digital droplet PCR in a training cohort (n = 203). The circRNA signature was constructed using a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression to predict OS. In the validation phase, the prognostic ability of this signature was prospectively validated in two external cohorts (Cohort I, n = 183; Cohort II, n = 166). RESULTS We developed a five-circRNA signature, based on circCEP112, circFAM13A, circBRWD1, circVPS13C and circMACROD2, which successfully stratified patients into high-risk and low-risk groups. The prognostic ability of this signature was prospectively validated in two external cohorts (P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001). Patients with high-risk scores had shorter OS than patients with low-risk scores. CONCLUSION This five-circRNA signature is a reliable predictor of OS for mCRPC patients undergoing abiraterone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Tao
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510630, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zi-Huan Luo
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510630, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ya-Di He
- Center of Health Management, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510630, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bang-Yu Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510630, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao-Lin Xia
- Department of Urology, Foshan First Municipal People's Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 528000, Foshan, China
| | - Wei-Ming Deng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, 421000, Hengyang, China
| | - Ling-Xiao Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, 570102, Haikou, China
| | - Xiu-Mei Tang
- Center of Health Management, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510630, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhan-Ao Meng
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510630, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Gao
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510630, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Liao-Yuan Li
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510630, Guangzhou, China.
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Principle Superiority and Clinical Extensibility of 2D and 3D Charged Nanoprobe Detection Platform Based on Electrophysiological Characteristics of Circulating Tumor Cells. Cells 2023; 12:cells12020305. [PMID: 36672240 PMCID: PMC9856308 DOI: 10.3390/cells12020305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The electrical characteristic of cancer cells is neglected among tumor biomarkers. The development of nanoprobes with opposing charges for monitoring the unique electrophysiological characteristics of cancer cells. Micro-nano size adsorption binding necessitates consideration of the nanoprobe's specific surface area. On the basis of the electrophysiological characteristics of circulating tumor cells (CTCs), clinical application and performance assessment are determined. To demonstrate that cancer cells have a unique pattern of electrophysiological patterns compared to normal cells, fluorescent nanoprobes with opposing charges were developed and fabricated. Graphene oxide (GO) was used to transform three-dimensional (3D) nanoprobes into two-dimensional (2D) nanoprobes. Compare 2D and 3D electrophysiological magnetic nanoprobes (MNP) in clinical samples and evaluate the adaptability and development of CTCs detection based on cell electrophysiology. Positively charged nanoprobes rapidly bind to negatively charged cancer cells based on electrostatic interactions. Compared to MNPs(+) without GO, the GO/MNPs(+) nanoprobe is more efficient and uses less material to trap cancer cells. CTCs can be distinguished from normal cells that are fully unaffected by nanoprobes by microscopic cytomorphological inspection, enabling the tracking of the number and pathological abnormalities of CTCs in the same patient at various chemotherapy phases to determine the efficacy of treatment. The platform for recognizing CTCs on the basis of electrophysiological characteristics compensates for the absence of epithelial biomarker capture and size difference capture in clinical performance. Under the influence of electrostatic attraction, the binding surface area continues to influence the targeting of cancer cells by nanoprobes. The specific recognition and detection of nanoprobes based on cell electrophysiological patterns has enormous potential in the clinical diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of cancer.
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Xiang Y, Hu C, Wu G, Xu S, Li Y. Nanomaterial-based microfluidic systems for cancer biomarker detection: Recent applications and future perspectives. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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9
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Park J, Park C, Sugitani Y, Fujii T, Kim SH. An electroactive microwell array device to realize simultaneous trapping of single cancer cells and clusters. LAB ON A CHIP 2022; 22:3000-3007. [PMID: 35730687 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc00171c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The importance of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) as biomarkers has been greatly increased for early diagnosis and detection of cancer metastases. Along with a single form of CTCs, CTC clusters have recently attracted much attention due to their characteristics, such as suppression of apoptosis and survival from immune responses with high metastatic potential. Thus, it is highly necessary to investigate not only single cells but clustered cells at the same time to perform precise analysis of the current cancer state and develop suitable treatment. However, no cancer marker-free microfluidic devices have been realized to trap single cells and clusters at the same time in a single device yet. In this paper, we introduced a novel microfluidic device utilizing a microwell-on-electrode (MOE) array to realize simultaneous trapping of a single cell and clustered cells at a single cell/cluster level. Cell-sized microwells fabricated on interdigitated electrodes efficiently arrayed single cells with high trapping efficiency and single-cell occupancy (more than 90%) using dielectrophoresis (DEP). This high single cell trapping performance of MOE allows arraying of single clusters by trapping one of the cells that constitute a cluster. The feasibility of the MOE device for simultaneous arraying of single cancer cells and clusters was demonstrated by trapping a mixture of single cancer cells and clusters and measuring the size distribution of trapped clusters, which was almost identical with that of introduced cell population. Our work demonstrated that the developed MOE device can be one of the promising methods for trapping single cancer cells as well as clusters on a single device for cancer diagnosis and performing further analyses at a single cell/cluster level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongho Park
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan.
| | - Chije Park
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan.
| | - Yoshinobu Sugitani
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan.
| | - Teruo Fujii
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan.
| | - Soo Hyeon Kim
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan.
- Japan Science and Technology Agency PRESTO, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
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10
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A Systematic Review of Circulating Tumor Cells Clinical Application in Prostate Cancer Diagnosis. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14153802. [PMID: 35954464 PMCID: PMC9367494 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14153802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cell-dependent and cell-independent information drawn from the blood stream were merged into the attractive term “liquid biopsy” and tentatively applied to most segments of cancer management: detection, risk-stratification, personalization of care and follow-up. However, the robust science behind liquid biopsies has not been widely used, thereby remaining a latent and possibly undervalued instrument. Here, we conducted a systematic review of CTCs in prostate cancer management to summarize their use in clinical practice. Abstract The purpose of the review is to summarize the recent data on circulating tumor cells (CTC) use in clinical practice. We performed a systematic literature search using two databases (Medline and Scopus) over the past five years and the following terms: (CTC OR “circulating tumor cells” OR “liquid biopsy”) AND prostate. The primary outcome was CTC predictive value for prostate cancer (PC) progression and survival. The secondary outcomes were the CTC predictive value for therapy response and the results of CTC detection depending on the assessment method. In metastatic PC, the CTC count showed itself to be a prognostic marker in terms of clinically important features, namely survival rates and response to treatment. CTC concentration was significantly associated with the overall survival and progression-free survival rates. A strong association between the overall survival or progression-free survival rate and CTC concentration could be observed. Variant-7 androgen receptors-positive (AR-V7-positive) patients showed a poor response to androgen receptor signaling (ARS) inhibitors, but this did not compromise their response to taxanes. In localized PC, only positive Cluster of Differentiantion 82 protein (CD82+) correlated with a higher survival rate. CTC count and AR-V7 expression showed itself to be a valuable biomarker for survival in metastatic PC and response to ARS-inhibitors. CTC diagnostic performance for localized PC or for screening and early detection is not high enough to show additional value over the other biomarkers.
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11
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Xia HY, Li BY, Zhao Y, Han YH, Wang SB, Chen AZ, Kankala RK. Nanoarchitectured manganese dioxide (MnO2)-based assemblies for biomedicine. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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12
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Wang C, Xu Y, Li S, Zhou Y, Qian Q, Liu Y, Mi X. Designer tetrahedral DNA framework-based microfluidic technology for multivalent capture and release of circulating tumor cells. Mater Today Bio 2022; 16:100346. [PMID: 35833198 PMCID: PMC9272028 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have been recognized as a general biomarker for the early detection, diagnosis and therapy monitoring of cancer. Due to their extreme rarity in peripheral blood, the isolation and analysis of CTCs with high efficiency, high purity and high viability remains a tremendous technological challenge. Herein, we combined tetrahedral DNA framework (TDFs), herringbone channel (HB) chip, together with aptamer-triggered hybridization chain reaction (apt-HCR) to develop an efficient microfluidic system (T-μFS) for capture and release of simulated CTCs. The capture efficiency of MCF-7 cells was from 83.3% to 94.2% when the cell numbers ranged from 10 to 103 using our T-μFS in the whole blood. The release efficiency of the MCF-7 cells was 96.2% and the MCF-7 cell viability after release was 94.6% using our T-μFS in PBS buffer. Reculture and RT-qPCR studies showed that there was almost no damage by the capture and release treatment for the MCF-7 cells viability. These results revealed that our T-μFS could be developed as an integrated and automatic technical platform with great performance for multivalent capture and release of CTCs and have a wide application prospect for tumor liquid biopsy. Three-dimensional amine modified tetrahedral DNA frameworks (TDFs) as rigid scaffolds were anchored on the aldehyde modified substrate of HB-chip, which provided the better spatial orientation compared with single-stranded DNA. Aptamer partially hybridized to an initiator was employed to trigger HCR reaction, and HCR produced modified long products with multi-branched arms for multivalent binding on TDFs to improve the capture efficiency of CTCs. This is the first time that only employed DNA nanostructures in a microfluidic device system to capture CTCs, and all DNA nanostructures could be efficiently removed by enzymes without harming cells.
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13
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Yang R, Zheng S, Dong R. Circulating tumor cells in neuroblastoma: Current status and future perspectives. Cancer Med 2022; 12:7-19. [PMID: 35632981 PMCID: PMC9844658 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor in children, accounting for 10% to 20% of deaths of pediatric malignancies. Due to the poor prognosis and significant biological heterogeneity of neuroblastoma, it is essential to develop personalized therapeutics and monitor treatment response. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs), as one of the important analytes for liquid biopsy, could facilitate response assessment and outcome prediction for patients in a non-invasive way. Several methods and platforms have been used for the enrichment and detection of CTCs. The enumeration of CTCs counts and evaluation of tumor-specific mRNA transcript levels could provide prognostic information at diagnosis, during or after chemotherapy, and during the process of disease progression. So far, studies into neuroblastoma CTCs are only in the preliminary stages. The quality-controlled large prospective cohort studies are needed to evaluate the clinical significance and statistical rigor of CTC detection methods. Moreover, there remains a lot to be explored and investigated in genotyping characterization of neuroblastoma (NB) CTCs and construction of in-vitro or in-vivo functional models. CTCs and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis will be complementary in understanding tumor heterogeneity and evolution over the course of therapy for patients with NB in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Yang
- Department of Pediatric SurgeryChildren's Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Shan Zheng
- Department of Pediatric SurgeryChildren's Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Rui Dong
- Department of Pediatric SurgeryChildren's Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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14
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Li C, He W, Wang N, Xi Z, Deng R, Liu X, Kang R, Xie L, Liu X. Application of Microfluidics in Detection of Circulating Tumor Cells. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:907232. [PMID: 35646880 PMCID: PMC9133555 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.907232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor metastasis is one of the main causes of cancer incidence and death worldwide. In the process of tumor metastasis, the isolation and analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) plays a crucial role in the early diagnosis and prognosis of cancer patients. Due to the rarity and inherent heterogeneity of CTCs, there is an urgent need for reliable CTCs separation and detection methods in order to obtain valuable information on tumor metastasis and progression from CTCs. Microfluidic technology is increasingly used in various studies of CTCs separation, identification and characterization because of its unique advantages, such as low cost, simple operation, less reagent consumption, miniaturization of the system, rapid detection and accurate control. This paper reviews the research progress of microfluidic technology in CTCs separation and detection in recent years, as well as the potential clinical application of CTCs, looks forward to the application prospect of microfluidic technology in the treatment of tumor metastasis, and briefly discusses the development prospect of microfluidic biosensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Artificial Intelligence and Information Technology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei He
- Department of Clinical Medical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Artificial Intelligence and Information Technology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhipeng Xi
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Artificial Intelligence and Information Technology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Rongrong Deng
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Artificial Intelligence and Information Technology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiyu Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Artificial Intelligence and Information Technology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ran Kang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Artificial Intelligence and Information Technology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing Lishui Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin Xie
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Artificial Intelligence and Information Technology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Artificial Intelligence and Information Technology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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15
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de Bruyn DP, Beasley AB, Verdijk RM, van Poppelen NM, Paridaens D, de Keizer ROB, Naus NC, Gray ES, de Klein A, Brosens E, Kiliç E. Is Tissue Still the Issue? The Promise of Liquid Biopsy in Uveal Melanoma. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020506. [PMID: 35203714 PMCID: PMC8962331 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Uveal melanoma (UM) is the second most frequent type of melanoma. Therapeutic options for UM favor minimally invasive techniques such as irradiation for vision preservation. As a consequence, no tumor material is obtained. Without available tissue, molecular analyses for gene expression, mutation or copy number analysis cannot be performed. Thus, proper patient stratification is impossible and patients’ uncertainty about their prognosis rises. Minimally invasive techniques have been studied for prognostication in UM. Blood-based biomarker analysis has become more common in recent years; however, no clinically standardized protocol exists. This review summarizes insights in biomarker analysis, addressing new insights in circulating tumor cells, circulating tumor DNA, extracellular vesicles, proteomics, and metabolomics. Additionally, medical imaging can play a significant role in staging, surveillance, and prognostication of UM and is addressed in this review. We propose that combining multiple minimally invasive modalities using tumor biomarkers should be the way forward and warrant more attention in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniël P. de Bruyn
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (D.P.d.B.); (N.M.v.P.); (D.P.); (N.C.N.)
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (A.d.K.); (E.B.)
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aaron B. Beasley
- Centre for Precision Health, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; (A.B.B.); (E.S.G.)
| | - Robert M. Verdijk
- The Rotterdam Eye Hospital, 3011 BH Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (R.M.V.); (R.O.B.d.K.)
- Department of Pathology, Section Ophthalmic Pathology, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Natasha M. van Poppelen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (D.P.d.B.); (N.M.v.P.); (D.P.); (N.C.N.)
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (A.d.K.); (E.B.)
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dion Paridaens
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (D.P.d.B.); (N.M.v.P.); (D.P.); (N.C.N.)
- The Rotterdam Eye Hospital, 3011 BH Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (R.M.V.); (R.O.B.d.K.)
| | | | - Nicole C. Naus
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (D.P.d.B.); (N.M.v.P.); (D.P.); (N.C.N.)
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elin S. Gray
- Centre for Precision Health, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; (A.B.B.); (E.S.G.)
| | - Annelies de Klein
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (A.d.K.); (E.B.)
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erwin Brosens
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (A.d.K.); (E.B.)
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Emine Kiliç
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (D.P.d.B.); (N.M.v.P.); (D.P.); (N.C.N.)
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-107030683
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16
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Synergistic Analysis of Circulating Tumor Cells Reveals Prognostic Signatures in Pilot Study of Treatment-Naïve Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer Patients. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10010146. [PMID: 35052825 PMCID: PMC8773204 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10010146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Pancreatic cancer is one of the most deadly cancer types because it usually is not diagnosed until the cancer has spread throughout the body. In this study, we isolate cancer cells found in the blood of pancreatic cancer patients called circulating tumor cells (CTCs) to study their mutation and gene expression profiles. Comparing patients with better and worse survival duration revealed signatures found in these cancer cells. Characterizing these signatures may help improve patient care by using alternative treatment options. Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is typically diagnosed at late stages and has one of the lowest five-year survival rates of all malignancies. In this pilot study, we identify signatures related to survival and treatment response found in circulating tumor cells (CTCs). Patients with poor survival had increased mutant KRAS expression and deregulation of connected pathways such as PI3K-AKT and MAPK signaling. Further, in a subset of these patients, expression patterns of gemcitabine resistance mechanisms were observed, even prior to initiating treatment. This work highlights the need for identifying patients with these resistance profiles and designing treatment regimens to circumvent these mechanisms.
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17
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Wang Y, Wang Z, Gang X, Wang G. Liquid biopsy in prostate cancer: current status and future challenges of clinical application. Aging Male 2021; 24:58-71. [PMID: 34850655 DOI: 10.1080/13685538.2021.1944085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Liquid biopsy refers to the detection and analysis of the components from biological fluids non-invasively, including circulating tumor cells, nucleic acids, and extracellular vesicles (EVs). It is necessary to review the clinical value of liquid biopsy assays in PC and explore its potential application. MATERIALS AND METHODS We systematically reviewed of PubMed was performed to identify relevant literature on potential clinical applications of circulating tumor cells, circulating nucleic acids, and EVs in prostate cancer (PC). RESULTS Liquid biopsy has emerged as a powerful tool to elucidate dynamic genomic, transcriptomic, and epigenomic tumor profiling in real-time. Here, the potential clinical applications of liquid biopsy include early detection, prognosis of survival, assessment of treatment response, and mechanisms of drug resistance in PC. CONCLUSIONS Liquid biopsy provides great value in diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment response in PC. Characterization of liquid biopsy components provides benefits both to unravel underlying resistance mechanisms and to exploit novel clinically actionable targets in PC. In addition, we suggest that analysis of multiparametric liquid biopsies should be analyzed comprehensively, assisting in monitoring tumor characteristics in real-time, guiding therapeutic selection, and early therapeutic switching during disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqiong Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Zili Wang
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Xiaokun Gang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Guixia Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
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18
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Mukherjee M, Levine H. Cluster size distribution of cells disseminating from a primary tumor. PLoS Comput Biol 2021; 17:e1009011. [PMID: 34758019 PMCID: PMC8608333 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The first stage of the metastatic cascade often involves motile cells emerging from a primary tumor either as single cells or as clusters. These cells enter the circulation, transit to other parts of the body and finally are responsible for growth of secondary tumors in distant organs. The mode of dissemination is believed to depend on the EMT nature (epithelial, hybrid or mesenchymal) of the cells. Here, we calculate the cluster size distribution of these migrating cells, using a mechanistic computational model, in presence of different degree of EMT-ness of the cells; EMT is treated as given rise to changes in their active motile forces (μ) and cell-medium surface tension (Γ). We find that, for (μ > μmin, Γ > 1), when the cells are hybrid in nature, the mean cluster size, N¯∼Γ2.0/μ2.8, where μmin increases with increase in Γ. For Γ ≤ 0, N¯=1, the cells behave as completely mesenchymal. In presence of spectrum of hybrid states with different degree of EMT-ness (motility) in primary tumor, the cells which are relatively more mesenchymal (higher μ) in nature, form larger clusters, whereas the smaller clusters are relatively more epithelial (lower μ). Moreover, the heterogeneity in μ is comparatively higher for smaller clusters with respect to that for larger clusters. We also observe that more extended cell shapes promote the formation of smaller clusters. Overall, this study establishes a framework which connects the nature and size of migrating clusters disseminating from a primary tumor with the phenotypic composition of the tumor, and can lead to the better understanding of metastasis. In the process of metastasis, tumor cells disseminate from the primary tumor either as single cells or multicellular clusters. These clusters are potential contributor to the initiation of secondary tumor in distant organs. Our computational model captures the size distribution of migrating clusters depending on the adhesion and motility of the cells (which determine the degree of their EMT nature). Furthermore, we investigate the effect of heterogeneity of cell types in the primary tumor on the resultant heterogeneity of cell types in clusters of different sizes. We believe that the understanding the formation and nature of these clusters, dangerous actors in the deadly aspect of cancer progression, will be useful for improving prognostic methods and eventually better treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrinmoy Mukherjee
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Herbert Levine
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Depts. of Physics and Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
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19
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Mao P, Cao L, Li Z, You M, Gao B, Xie X, Xue Z, Peng P, Yao C, Xu F. A digitalized isothermal nucleic acid testing platform based on a pump-free open droplet array microfluidic chip. Analyst 2021; 146:6960-6969. [PMID: 34657942 DOI: 10.1039/d1an01373d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Digital PCR has shown great potential for quantitative nucleic acid testing (NAT), but most existing platforms are dependent on large auxiliary equipment (e.g., vacuum pump, amplification instrument, fluorescence microscope) to achieve target dispersion, amplification, signal capture and result analysis. Such complex, expensive and bulky NAT platforms have limited their applications in resource-limited areas, especially for point-of-care testing (POCT). In this work, we designed a digital isothermal NAT platform based on a pump-free open droplet array microfluidic chip. A pump-free microfluidic chip was developed based on an open microdroplet array in the form of thousands of independent microdroplets for spontaneous sample dispersion, without the need for external power. Combined with a handheld fluorescent signal reader based on a smartphone, this digital NAT platform can accurately quantify as low as 1 copy per μL of λDNA. Therefore, our integrated NAT platform, as a potable, robust and low-cost tool for highly accurate NA quantitative analysis, holds great potential for POCT applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Mao
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China. .,Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Provincial Crops Hospital, Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Leshan 614000, P.R. China
| | - Lei Cao
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China.,The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China.
| | - Zedong Li
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China.,The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China.
| | - Minli You
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China.,The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China.
| | - Bin Gao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Xianghong Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Provincial Crops Hospital, Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Leshan 614000, P.R. China
| | - Zhenrui Xue
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China. .,Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China
| | - Ping Peng
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China. .,Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China
| | - Chunyan Yao
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China.
| | - Feng Xu
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China.,The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China.
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20
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Research Progress for the Clinical Application of Circulating Tumor Cells in Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6230826. [PMID: 33506020 PMCID: PMC7814947 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6230826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a life-threatening and highly heterogeneous malignancy. In the past decade, circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have been suggested to play a critical role in the occurrence and progression of prostate cancer. In particular, as the “seed” of the cancer metastasis cascade, CTCs determine numerous biological behaviors, such as tumor invasion into adjacent tissues and migration to distant organs. Many studies have shown that CTCs are necessary in the processes of tumor progression, including tumorigenesis, invasion, metastasis, and colonization. Furthermore, CTCs express various biomarkers relevant to prostate cancer and thus can be applied clinically in noninvasive tests. Moreover, CTCs can serve as potential prognostic targets in prostate cancer due to their roles in regulating many processes associated with cancer metastasis. In this review, we discuss the isolation and detection of CTCs as predictive markers of prostate cancer, and we discuss their clinical application in the diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer and in monitoring the response to treatment and the prediction of metastasis.
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21
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Cho H, Chung JI, Kim J, Seo WI, Lee CH, Morgan TM, Byun SS, Chung JS, Han KH. Multigene model for predicting metastatic prostate cancer using circulating tumor cells by microfluidic magnetophoresis. Cancer Sci 2020; 112:859-870. [PMID: 33232539 PMCID: PMC7893993 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to isolate circulating tumor cells (CTCs) using a microfluidic technique with a novel lateral magnetophoretic microseparator. Prostate cancer–specific gene expressions were evaluated using mRNA from the isolated CTCs. A CTC‐based multigene model was then developed for identifying advanced prostate cancer. Peripheral blood samples were obtained from five healthy donors and patients with localized prostate cancer (26 cases), metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC, 10 cases), and metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC, 28 cases). CTC recovery rate and purity (enriched CTCs/total cells) were evaluated according to cancer stage. The areas under the curves of the six gene expressions were used to evaluate whether multigene models could identify mHSPC or mCRPC. The number of CTCs and their purity increased at more advanced cancer stages. In mHSPC/mCRPC cases, the specimens had an average of 27.5 CTCs/mL blood, which was 4.2 × higher than the isolation rate for localized disease. The CTC purity increased from 2.1% for localized disease to 3.8% for mHSPC and 6.7% for mCRPC, with increased CTC expression of the genes encoding prostate‐specific antigen (PSA), prostate‐specific membrane antigen (PSMA), and cytokeratin 19 (KRT19). All disease stages exhibited expression of the genes encoding androgen receptor (AR) and epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), although expression of the AR‐V7 variant was relatively rare. Relative to each gene alone, the multigene model had better accuracy for predicting advanced prostate cancer. Our lateral magnetophoretic microseparator can be used for identifying prostate cancer biomarkers. In addition, CTC‐based genetic signatures may guide the early diagnosis of advanced prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyungseok Cho
- Department of Nanoscience and Engineering Center for Nano Manufacturing, Inje University, Gimhae, South Korea
| | - Jae Il Chung
- Department of Urology, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Gimhae, South Korea
| | - Jinho Kim
- Department of Nanoscience and Engineering Center for Nano Manufacturing, Inje University, Gimhae, South Korea
| | - Won Ik Seo
- Department of Urology, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Gimhae, South Korea
| | - Chan Ho Lee
- Department of Urology, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Gimhae, South Korea
| | - Todd M Morgan
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Seok-Soo Byun
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnamߚsi, South Korea
| | - Jae-Seung Chung
- Department of Urology, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Ki-Ho Han
- Department of Nanoscience and Engineering Center for Nano Manufacturing, Inje University, Gimhae, South Korea
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22
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Pei H, Li L, Han Z, Wang Y, Tang B. Recent advances in microfluidic technologies for circulating tumor cells: enrichment, single-cell analysis, and liquid biopsy for clinical applications. LAB ON A CHIP 2020; 20:3854-3875. [PMID: 33107879 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc00577k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) detach from primary or metastatic lesions and circulate in the peripheral blood, which is considered to be the cause of distant metastases. CTC analysis in the form of liquid biopsy, enumeration and molecular analysis provide significant clinical information for cancer diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic strategies. Despite the great clinical value, CTC analysis has not yet entered routine clinical practice due to lack of efficient technologies to perform CTC isolation and single-cell analysis. Taking the rarity and inherent heterogeneity of CTCs into account, reliable methods for CTC isolation and detection are in urgent demand for obtaining valuable information on cancer metastasis and progression from CTCs. Microfluidic technology, featuring microfabricated structures, can precisely control fluids and cells at the micrometer scale, thus making itself a particularly suitable method for rare CTC manipulation. Besides the enrichment function, microfluidic chips can also realize the analysis function by integrating multiple detection technologies. In this review, we have summarized the recent progress in CTC isolation and detection using microfluidic technologies, with special attention to emerging direct enrichment and enumeration in vivo. Further, few insights into single CTC molecular analysis are also demonstrated. We have provided a review of potential clinical applications of CTCs, ranging from early screening and diagnosis, tumor progression and prognosis, treatment and resistance monitoring, to therapeutic evaluation. Through this review, we conclude that the clinical utility of CTCs will be expanded as the isolation and analysis techniques are constantly improving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haimeng Pei
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
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Cheng J, Liu Y, Zhao Y, Zhang L, Zhang L, Mao H, Huang C. Nanotechnology-Assisted Isolation and Analysis of Circulating Tumor Cells on Microfluidic Devices. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:E774. [PMID: 32823926 PMCID: PMC7465711 DOI: 10.3390/mi11080774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs), a type of cancer cell that spreads from primary tumors into human peripheral blood and are considered as a new biomarker of cancer liquid biopsy. It provides the direction for understanding the biology of cancer metastasis and progression. Isolation and analysis of CTCs offer the possibility for early cancer detection and dynamic prognosis monitoring. The extremely low quantity and high heterogeneity of CTCs are the major challenges for the application of CTCs in liquid biopsy. There have been significant research endeavors to develop efficient and reliable approaches to CTC isolation and analysis in the past few decades. With the advancement of microfabrication and nanomaterials, a variety of approaches have now emerged for CTC isolation and analysis on microfluidic platforms combined with nanotechnology. These new approaches show advantages in terms of cell capture efficiency, purity, detection sensitivity and specificity. This review focuses on recent progress in the field of nanotechnology-assisted microfluidics for CTC isolation and detection. Firstly, CTC isolation approaches using nanomaterial-based microfluidic devices are summarized and discussed. The different strategies for CTC release from the devices are specifically outlined. In addition, existing nanotechnology-assisted methods for CTC downstream analysis are summarized. Some perspectives are discussed on the challenges of current methods for CTC studies and promising research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cheng
- Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China; (J.C.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (L.Z.); (H.M.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China; (J.C.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (L.Z.); (H.M.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China; (J.C.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (L.Z.); (H.M.)
| | - Lina Zhang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing 101149, China;
| | - Lingqian Zhang
- Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China; (J.C.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (L.Z.); (H.M.)
| | - Haiyang Mao
- Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China; (J.C.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (L.Z.); (H.M.)
| | - Chengjun Huang
- Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China; (J.C.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (L.Z.); (H.M.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Pei H, Yu M, Dong D, Wang Y, Li Q, Li L, Tang B. Phenotype-related drug sensitivity analysis of single CTCs for medicine evaluation. Chem Sci 2020; 11:8895-8900. [PMID: 34123143 PMCID: PMC8163339 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc05566e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the heterogeneous and variable drug sensitivity of tumor cells, real-time monitoring of a patient's drug response is desirable for implementing personalized and dynamic therapy. Although considerable efforts have been directed at drug screening in living cells, performing repeated drug sensitivity analysis using patient-derived primary tumor cells at the single-cell level remains challenging. Here, we present an efficient approach to assess phenotype-related drug sensitivity at the single-cell level using patient-derived circulating tumor cells (CTCs) based on a drug sensitivity microfluidic chip (DS-Chip). The DS-Chip consists of a drug gradient generator and parallel cell traps, achieving continuous single CTC capture, drug gradient distributions, drug stimulation, fluorescent probe labeling and three-color fluorescence imaging. Based on the established DS-Chip, we investigated the drug sensitivity of single cells by simultaneously monitoring epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) biomarkers and apoptosis in living cells, and verified the correlation between EMT gradients and drug sensitivity. Using the new approach, we further tested the optimal drug response dose in individual CTCs isolated from 5 cancer patients through fluorescence analysis of EMT and apoptosis. The DS-Chip allows noninvasive and real-time measurements of the drug sensitivity of a patient's tumor cells during therapy. This developed approach has practical significance and can effectively guide drug selection and therapeutic evaluation for personalized medicine. Due to the heterogeneous and variable drug sensitivity of tumor cells, real-time monitoring of a patient's drug response is desirable for implementing personalized and dynamic therapy.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Haimeng Pei
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 P. R. China
| | - Mei Yu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 P. R. China
| | - Defang Dong
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 P. R. China
| | - Yiguo Wang
- Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First Medical University Jinan 250014 P. R. China
| | - Qingling Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 P. R. China
| | - Lu Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 P. R. China
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 P. R. China
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Kelley SO, Pantel K. A New Era in Liquid Biopsy: From Genotype to Phenotype. Clin Chem 2020; 66:89-96. [PMID: 31811003 DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2019.303339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liquid biopsy, in which tumor cells and tumor-derived biomolecules are collected from the circulation, is an attractive strategy for the management of cancer that allows the serial monitoring of patients during treatment. The analysis of circulating DNA produced by tumors provides a means to collect genotypic information about the molecular profile of a patient's cancer. Phenotypic information, which may be highly relevant for therapeutic selection, is ideally derived from intact cells, necessitating the analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs). CONTENT Recent advances in profiling CTCs at the single-cell level are providing new ways to collect critical phenotypic information. Analysis of secreted proteins, surface proteins, and intracellular RNAs for CTCs at the single-cell level is now possible and provides a means to quantify molecular markers that are involved with the mechanism of action of the newest therapeutics. We review the latest technological advances in this area along with related breakthroughs in high-purity CTC capture and in vivo profiling approaches, and we also present a perspective on how genotypic and phenotypic information collected via liquid biopsies is being used in the clinic. SUMMARY Over the past 5 years, the use of liquid biopsy has been adopted in clinical medicine, representing a major paradigm shift in how molecular testing is used in cancer management. The first tests to be used are genotypic measurements of tumor mutations that affect therapeutic effectiveness. Phenotypic information is also clinically relevant and essential for monitoring proteins and RNA sequences that are involved in therapeutic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shana O Kelley
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Klaus Pantel
- Institute of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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26
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Zheng J, Ye X, Liu Y, Zhao Y, He M, Xiao H. The combination of CTCs and CEA can help guide the management of patients with SPNs suspected of being lung cancer. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:106. [PMID: 32041568 PMCID: PMC7011271 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-6524-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs) is a common radiographic finding and require further evaluation because of the possibility of lung cancer. This study aimed to determine the sensitivity and specificity of circulating tumour cells (CTCs) as a marker for the diagnosis of SPNs and the integration of CTCs, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and imaging findings to improve the sensitivity and specificity of diagnosis in patients with SPNs suspected of being lung cancer. Method For the serum biomarker assay, the concentration of CEA was measured by an automated electrochemiluminescence analyzer. CTCs were collected from 6 ml of blood by the SE i-FISH method, which detects the gene copy number in eight chromosomes and the tumour-associated antigen CK18. Results With a threshold of 6 CTC units, the method showed a sensitivity of 67.1% and a specificity of 56.5% in the diagnosis of NSCLC, especially in the upper lobe, in which the diagnostic strength was the highest (P < 0.01). CTCs, CEA and nodule type had the highest diagnostic efficacy (area under the curve, 0.827; 95% confidence interval, 0.752–0.901) in patients with SPNs being suspected lung cancer. Combining CTCs (cut-off value 12 units) with CEA (1.78 ng/ml), the method showed a sensitivity of 77.8% and a specificity of 90% in the diagnosis of NSCLC, especially in the upper lobe, subsolid nodules and nodules ≥8 mm. Conclusions Our results demonstrated that CTCs are feasible diagnostic biomarkers in patients with SPNs, especially in the upper lobe. Furthermore, CTCs combined with CEA showed higher diagnostic efficacy in the upper lobe, subsolid nodules and nodules ≥8 mm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiong Ye
- College of Clinical Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanan Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxia Zhao
- College of Clinical Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Mudan He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai First Hospital of Baoshan Branch, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Xiao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 85Wujin Road, Shanghai, 200080, China.
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Dong J, Chen JF, Smalley M, Zhao M, Ke Z, Zhu Y, Tseng HR. Nanostructured Substrates for Detection and Characterization of Circulating Rare Cells: From Materials Research to Clinical Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1903663. [PMID: 31566837 PMCID: PMC6946854 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201903663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Circulating rare cells in the blood are of great significance for both materials research and clinical applications. For example, circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have been demonstrated as useful biomarkers for "liquid biopsy" of the tumor. Circulating fetal nucleated cells (CFNCs) have shown potential in noninvasive prenatal diagnostics. However, it is technically challenging to detect and isolate circulating rare cells due to their extremely low abundance compared to hematologic cells. Nanostructured substrates offer a unique solution to address these challenges by providing local topographic interactions to strengthen cell adhesion and large surface areas for grafting capture agents, resulting in improved cell capture efficiency, purity, sensitivity, and reproducibility. In addition, rare-cell retrieval strategies, including stimulus-responsiveness and additive reagent-triggered release on different nanostructured substrates, allow for on-demand retrieval of the captured CTCs/CFNCs with high cell viability and molecular integrity. Several nanostructured substrate-enabled CTC/CFNC assays are observed maturing from enumeration and subclassification to molecular analyses. These can one day become powerful tools in disease diagnosis, prognostic prediction, and dynamic monitoring of therapeutic response-paving the way for personalized medical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiantong Dong
- California NanoSystems Institute, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Jie-Fu Chen
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Matthew Smalley
- California NanoSystems Institute, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Meiping Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Zunfu Ke
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, P. R. China
| | - Yazhen Zhu
- California NanoSystems Institute, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Hsian-Rong Tseng
- California NanoSystems Institute, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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Psarra K, del Zotto G, Fleva A, Strati A, Tzanoudaki M, Bella SD. Summer School in Flow Cytometry for Immunology: Report From a Successful ESCCA Experience. EJIFCC 2019; 30:438-451. [PMID: 31832055 PMCID: PMC6893895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katherina Psarra
- Immunology - Histocompatibility Department, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece,Corresponding author: Katherina Psarra Immunology- Histocompatibility Department Evangelismos Hospital Athens Greece E-mail:
| | - Genny del Zotto
- Department of Research and Diagnostics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Alexandra Fleva
- Immunology - Histocompatibility Department, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Areti Strati
- Analysis of Circulating Tumor Cells Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Marianna Tzanoudaki
- Immunology - Histocompatibility Department, Children’s Hospital “Aghia Sophia”, Athens, Greece
| | - Silvia Della Bella
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Area Pieve, Istituto Clinico Humanitas, IRCCS Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
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