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Giovannetti A, Lazzari S, Mangoni M, Traversa A, Mazza T, Parisi C, Caputo V. Exploring non-coding genetic variability in ACE2: Functional annotation and in vitro validation of regulatory variants. Gene 2024; 915:148422. [PMID: 38570058 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The surge in human whole-genome sequencing data has facilitated the study of non-coding region variations, yet understanding their biological significance remains a challenge. We used a computational workflow to assess the regulatory potential of non-coding variants, with a particular focus on the Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) gene. This gene is crucial in physiological processes and serves as the entry point for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus causing coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19). In our analysis, using data from the gnomAD population database and functional annotation, we identified 17 significant Single Nucleotide Variants (SNVs) in ACE2, particularly in its enhancers, promoters, and 3' untranslated regions (UTRs). We found preliminary evidence supporting the regulatory impact of some of these variants on ACE2 expression. Our detailed examination of two SNVs, rs147718775 and rs140394675, in the ACE2 promoter revealed that these co-occurring SNVs, when mutated, significantly enhance promoter activity, suggesting a possible increase in specific ACE2 isoform expression. This method proves effective in identifying and interpreting impactful non-coding variants, aiding in further studies and enhancing understanding of molecular bases of monogenic and complex traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnese Giovannetti
- Clinical Genomics Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini, snc, 71013 S. Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy.
| | - Sara Lazzari
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena, 324, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Manuel Mangoni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena, 324, 00161 Rome, Italy; Bioinformatics Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini, snc, 71013 S. Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy.
| | - Alice Traversa
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena, 324, 00161 Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, della Salute e delle Professioni Sanitarie, Università degli Studi "Link Campus University", Via del Casale di San Pio V 44, 00165 Roma, Italy.
| | - Tommaso Mazza
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini, snc, 71013 S. Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy.
| | - Chiara Parisi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CNR-National Research Council, Via Ercole Ramarini, 32, 00015 Monterotondo Scalo (RM), Italy.
| | - Viviana Caputo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena, 324, 00161 Rome, Italy.
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2
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Bai Y, Nan Y, Wu T, Zhu A, Xie X, Sun Y, Deng Y, Dou Z, Hu X, Zhou R, Xu S, Zhang Y, Fan J, Ju D. Lipid Nanoparticle-Mediated Delivery of CRISPR-Cas9 Against Rubicon Ameliorates NAFLD by Modulating CD36 Along with Glycerophospholipid Metabolism. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2400493. [PMID: 38894572 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202400493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prominent cause of various chronic metabolic hepatic diseases with limited therapeutics. Rubicon, an essential regulator in lysosomal degradation, is reported to exacerbate hepatic steatosis in NAFLD mice and patients, indicating its probability of being a therapeutic target for NAFLD treatment. In this study, the therapeutic potential of Rubicon blockage is investigated. Lipid nanoparticles carrying Rubicon-specific CRISPR-Cas9 components exhibited liver accumulation, cell internalization, and Rubicon knockdown. A single administration of the nanoparticles results in attenuated lipid deposition and hepatic steatosis, with lower circulating lipid levels and decreased adipocyte size in NAFLD mice. Furthermore, the increase of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine levels can be observed in the NAFLD mice livers after Rubicon silencing, along with regulatory effects on metabolism-related genes such as CD36, Gpcpd1, Chka, and Lpin2. The results indicate that knockdown of Rubicon improves glycerophospholipid metabolism and thereby ameliorates the NAFLD progression, which provides a potential strategy for NAFLD therapy via the restoration of Rubicon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Bai
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yanyang Nan
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - An Zhu
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xinlei Xie
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yun Sun
- Department of Research and Development, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Fudan University Cancer Hospital, Shanghai, 201321, P. R. China
| | - Yong Deng
- Department of Research and Development, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Fudan University Cancer Hospital, Shanghai, 201321, P. R. China
| | - Zihan Dou
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xiaozhi Hu
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Rongrui Zhou
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Shuwen Xu
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yuanzhen Zhang
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jiajun Fan
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Fudan Zhangjiang Institute, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
- Shanghai Hailu Biological Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 201200, P. R. China
| | - Dianwen Ju
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Fudan Zhangjiang Institute, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
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3
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Guimarães DSPSF, Barrios NMF, de Oliveira AG, Rizo-Roca D, Jollet M, Smith JAB, Araujo TR, da Cruz MV, Marconato E, Hirabara SM, Vieira AS, Krook A, Zierath JR, Silveira LR. Concerted regulation of skeletal muscle metabolism and contractile properties by the orphan nuclear receptor Nr2f6. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2024. [PMID: 38682559 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The maintenance of skeletal muscle plasticity upon changes in the environment, nutrient supply, and exercise depends on regulatory mechanisms that couple structural and metabolic adaptations. The mechanisms that interconnect both processes at the transcriptional level remain underexplored. Nr2f6, a nuclear receptor, regulates metabolism and cell differentiation in peripheral tissues. However, its role in the skeletal muscle is still elusive. Here, we aimed to investigate the effects of Nr2f6 modulation on muscle biology in vivo and in vitro. METHODS Global RNA-seq was performed in Nr2f6 knockdown C2C12 myocytes (N = 4-5). Molecular and metabolic assays and proliferation experiments were performed using stable Nr2f6 knockdown and Nr2f6 overexpression C2C12 cell lines (N = 3-6). Nr2f6 content was evaluated in lipid overload models in vitro and in vivo (N = 3-6). In vivo experiments included Nr2f6 overexpression in mouse tibialis anterior muscle, followed by gene array transcriptomics and molecular assays (N = 4), ex vivo contractility experiments (N = 5), and histological analysis (N = 7). The conservation of Nr2f6 depletion effects was confirmed in primary skeletal muscle cells of humans and mice. RESULTS Nr2f6 knockdown upregulated genes associated with muscle differentiation, metabolism, and contraction, while cell cycle-related genes were downregulated. In human skeletal muscle cells, Nr2f6 knockdown significantly increased the expression of myosin heavy chain genes (two-fold to three-fold) and siRNA-mediated depletion of Nr2f6 increased maximal C2C12 myocyte's lipid oxidative capacity by 75% and protected against lipid-induced cell death. Nr2f6 content decreased by 40% in lipid-overloaded myotubes and by 50% in the skeletal muscle of mice fed a high-fat diet. Nr2f6 overexpression in mice resulted in an atrophic and hypoplastic state, characterized by a significant reduction in muscle mass (15%) and myofibre content (18%), followed by an impairment (50%) in force production. These functional phenotypes were accompanied by the establishment of an inflammation-like molecular signature and a decrease in the expression of genes involved in muscle contractility and oxidative metabolism, which was associated with the repression of the uncoupling protein 3 (20%) and PGC-1α (30%) promoters activity following Nr2f6 overexpression in vitro. Additionally, Nr2f6 regulated core components of the cell division machinery, effectively decoupling muscle cell proliferation from differentiation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal a novel role for Nr2f6 as a molecular transducer that plays a crucial role in maintaining the balance between skeletal muscle contractile function and oxidative capacity. These results have significant implications for the development of potential therapeutic strategies for metabolic diseases and myopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrius Santiago P S F Guimarães
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Ninon M F Barrios
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - David Rizo-Roca
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maxence Jollet
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonathon A B Smith
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thiago R Araujo
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Emilio Marconato
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Sandro M Hirabara
- Interdisciplinary Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André S Vieira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Anna Krook
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Juleen R Zierath
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Leonardo R Silveira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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4
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Chen Q, Guo P, Hong Y, Mo P, Yu C. The multifaceted therapeutic value of targeting steroid receptor coactivator-1 in tumorigenesis. Cell Biosci 2024; 14:41. [PMID: 38553750 PMCID: PMC10979636 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-024-01222-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Steroid receptor coactivator-1 (SRC-1, also known as NCOA1) frequently functions as a transcriptional coactivator by directly binding to transcription factors and recruiting to the target gene promoters to promote gene transcription by increasing chromatin accessibility and promoting the formation of transcriptional complexes. In recent decades, various biological and pathological functions of SRC-1 have been reported, especially in the context of tumorigenesis. SRC-1 is a facilitator of the progression of multiple cancers, including breast cancer, prostate cancer, gastrointestinal cancer, neurological cancer, and female genital system cancer. The emerging multiorgan oncogenic role of SRC-1 is still being studied and may not be limited to only steroid hormone-producing tissues. Growing evidence suggests that SRC-1 promotes target gene expression by directly binding to transcription factors, which may constitute a novel coactivation pattern independent of AR or ER. In addition, the antitumour effect of pharmacological inhibition of SRC-1 with agents including various small molecules or naturally active compounds has been reported, but their practical application in clinical cancer therapy is very limited. For this review, we gathered typical evidence on the oncogenic role of SRC-1, highlighted its major collaborators and regulatory genes, and mapped the potential mechanisms by which SRC-1 promotes primary tumour progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Chen
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China.
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated First Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China.
| | - Peng Guo
- Department of Cell Biotechnology Laboratory, Tianjin Cancer Hospital Airport Hospital, Tianjin, 300308, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361104, China
| | - Yilin Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361104, China
| | - Pingli Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361104, China
| | - Chundong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361104, China.
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5
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Zhou WY, Liu P, Xia YF, Shi YJ, Xu HY, Ding M, Yang QQ, Qian SW, Tang Y, Lu Y, Tang QQ, Liu Y. NR2F6 is essential for brown adipocyte differentiation and systemic metabolic homeostasis. Mol Metab 2024; 81:101891. [PMID: 38307386 PMCID: PMC10864868 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Brown adipose tissue (BAT) development and function are essential for maintaining energy balance. However, the key factors that specifically regulate brown adipogenesis require further identification. Here, we demonstrated that the nuclear receptor subfamily 2 group F member 6 (NR2F6) played a pivotal role in brown adipogenesis and energy homeostasis. METHODS We examined the differentiation of immortalized brown adipocytes and primary brown adipocytes when NR2F6 were deleted, and explored the mechanism through which NR2F6 regulated adipogenesis using ChIP-qPCR in vitro. Male wild type (WT) and Pdgfra-Cre-mediated deletion of Nr2f6 in preadipocytes (NR2F6-PKO) mice were fed with high fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks, and adiposity, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance and inflammation were assessed. RESULTS NR2F6 exhibited abundant expression in BAT, while its expression was minimal in white adipose tissue (WAT). Within BAT, NR2F6 was highly expressed in preadipocytes, experienced a transient increase in the early stage of brown adipocyte differentiation, and significantly decreased in the mature adipocytes. Depletion of NR2F6 in preadipocytes inhibited brown adipogenesis, caused hypertrophy of brown adipocytes, and impaired thermogenic function of BAT, but without affecting WAT development. NR2F6 transcriptionally regulated PPARγ expression to promote adipogenic process in brown adipocytes. Loss of NR2F6 in preadipocytes led to increased susceptibility to diet-induced metabolic disorders. CONCLUSIONS Our findings unveiled NR2F6 as a novel key regulator of brown adipogenesis, potentially opening up new avenues for maintaining metabolic homeostasis by targeting NR2F6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Yu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Pei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yi-Fan Xia
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yi-Jie Shi
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hong-Yu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Meng Ding
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qi-Qi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shu-Wen Qian
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan Lu
- Institute of Metabolism and Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Qi-Qun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Jin S, Chen P, Yang J, Li D, Liu X, Zhang Y, Xia Q, Li Y, Chen G, Li Y, Tong Y, Yu W, Fan X, Lin H. Phocaeicola vulgatus alleviates diet-induced metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease progression by downregulating histone acetylation level via 3-HPAA. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2309683. [PMID: 38312099 PMCID: PMC10854360 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2309683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Diet-induced metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a prevalent metabolic disorder with limited effective interventions available. A novel approach to address this issue is through gut microbiota-based therapy. In our study, we utilized multi-omics analysis to identify Phocaeicola vulgatus (P. vulgatus) as a potential probiotic for the treatment of MASLD. Our findings from murine models clearly illustrate that the supplementation of P. vulgatus mitigates the development of MASLD. This beneficial effect is partly attributed to the metabolite 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid (3-HPAA) produced by P. vulgatus, which reduces the acetylation levels of H3K27 and downregulates the transcription of Squalene Epoxidase (SQLE), a rate-limiting enzyme in steroid biosynthesis that promotes lipid accumulation in liver cells. This study underscores the significant role of P. vulgatus in the development of MASLD and the critical importance of its metabolite 3-HPAA in regulating lipid homeostasis. These findings offer a promising avenue for early intervention therapy in the context of MASLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengxi Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Biomedical Research Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Duguang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiyin Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiming Xia
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiling Li
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guoqiao Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yixuan Li
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Tong
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weihua Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Fan
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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7
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Shi Y, Qi W. Histone Modifications in NAFLD: Mechanisms and Potential Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14653. [PMID: 37834101 PMCID: PMC10572202 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a progressive condition that encompasses a spectrum of liver disorders, beginning with the simple steatosis, progressing to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and possibly leading to more severe diseases, including liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In recent years, the prevalence of NAFLD has increased due to a shift towards energy-dense dietary patterns and a sedentary lifestyle. NAFLD is also strongly associated with metabolic disorders such as obesity and hyperlipidemia. The progression of NAFLD could be influenced by a variety of factors, such as diet, genetic factors, and even epigenetic factors. In contrast to genetic factors, epigenetic factors, including histone modifications, exhibit dynamic and reversible features. Therefore, the epigenetic regulation of the initiation and progression of NAFLD is one of the directions under intensive investigation in terms of pathogenic mechanisms and possible therapeutic interventions. This review aims to discuss the possible mechanisms and the crucial role of histone modifications in the framework of epigenetic regulation in NAFLD, which may provide potential therapeutic targets and a scientific basis for the treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulei Shi
- Gene Editing Center, School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Wei Qi
- Gene Editing Center, School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
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8
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You G, Li W, Wang Y, Cao H, Li X, Gao L, Zheng SJ. Reduced NR2F2 Expression in the Host Response to Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Infection Suppressed Viral Replication by Enhancing Type I Interferon Expression by Targeting SOCS5. J Virol 2023; 97:e0066423. [PMID: 37358466 PMCID: PMC10373545 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00664-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear receptors are ligand-activated transcription factors that play an important role in regulating innate antiviral immunity and other biological processes. However, the role of nuclear receptors in the host response to infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) infection remains elusive. In this study, we show that IBDV infection or poly(I·C) treatment of DF-1 or HD11 cells markedly decreased nuclear receptor subfamily 2 group F member 2 (NR2F2) expression. Surprisingly, knockdown, knockout, or inhibition of NR2F2 expression in host cells remarkably inhibited IBDV replication and promoted IBDV/poly(I·C)-induced type I interferon and interferon-stimulated genes expression. Furthermore, our data show that NR2F2 negatively regulates the antiviral innate immune response by promoting the suppressor of cytokine signaling 5 (SOCS5) expression. Thus, reduced NR2F2 expression in the host response to IBDV infection inhibited viral replication by enhancing the expression of type I interferon by targeting SOCS5. These findings reveal that NR2F2 plays a crucial role in antiviral innate immunity, furthering our understanding of the mechanism underlying the host response to viral infection. IMPORTANCE Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is an immunosuppressive disease causing considerable economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide. Nuclear receptors play an important role in regulating innate antiviral immunity. However, the role of nuclear receptors in the host response to IBD virus (IBDV) infection remains elusive. Here, we report that NR2F2 expression decreased in IBDV-infected cells, which consequently reduced SOCS5 expression, promoted type I interferon expression, and suppressed IBDV infection. Thus, NR2F2 serves as a negative factor in the host response to IBDV infection by regulating SOCS5 expression, and intervention in the NR2F2-mediated host response by specific inhibitors might be employed as a strategy for prevention and treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangju You
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Li
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongqiang Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Cao
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqi Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Gao
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shijun J. Zheng
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Zhou LM, Fan JH, Xu MM, Xiong MY, Wang QJ, Chai X, Li XD, Li XG, Ye XL. Epiberberine regulates lipid synthesis through SHP (NR0B2) to improve non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166639. [PMID: 36638873 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Epiberberine (EPI), extracted from Rhizome Coptidis, has been shown to attenuate hyperlipidemia in vivo. Herein we have studied the mechanism by which EPI is active against non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) using, mice fed on a methionine- and choline-deficient (MCD) diet and HepG2 cells exposed to free fatty acids (FFA). We show that small heterodimer partner (SHP) protein is key in the regulation of lipid synthesis. In HepG2 cells and in the livers of MCD-fed mice, EPI elevated SHP levels, and this was accompanied by a reduction in sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) and FASN. Therefore, EPI reduced triglyceride (TG) accumulation in steatotic hepatocytes, even in HepG2 cells treated with siRNA-SHP, and also improved microbiota. Thus, EPI suppresses hepatic TG synthesis and ameliorates liver steatosis by upregulating SHP and inhibiting the SREBP1/FASN pathway, and improves gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ming Zhou
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development & Utilization (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jin-Hua Fan
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development & Utilization (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Min-Min Xu
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development & Utilization (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Meng-Yuan Xiong
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development & Utilization (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Qiao-Jiao Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development & Utilization (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xue Chai
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development & Utilization (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiao-Duo Li
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development & Utilization (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xue-Gang Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
| | - Xiao-Li Ye
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development & Utilization (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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10
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Yang R, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Li M, Meng Y, Wang J, Wen X, Yu J, Chang P. Grpel2 maintains cardiomyocyte survival in diabetic cardiomyopathy through DLST-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction: a proof-of-concept study. J Transl Med 2023; 21:200. [PMID: 36927450 PMCID: PMC10021968 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04049-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) has been considered as a major threat to health in individuals with diabetes. GrpE-like 2 (Grpel2), a nucleotide exchange factor, has been shown to regulate mitochondrial import process to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis. However, the effect and mechanism of Grpel2 in DCM remain unknown. METHODS The streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DCM mice model and high glucose (HG)-treated cardiomyocytes were established. Overexpression of cardiac-specific Grpel2 was performed by intramyocardial injection of adeno-associated virus serotype 9 (AAV9). Bioinformatics analysis, co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP), transcriptomics profiling and functional experiments were used to explore molecular mechanism of Grpel2 in DCM. RESULTS Here, we found that Grpel2 was decreased in DCM induced by STZ. Overexpression of cardiac-specific Grpel2 alleviated cardiac dysfunction and structural remodeling in DCM. In both diabetic hearts and HG-treated cardiomyocytes, Grpel2 overexpression attenuated apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction, including decreased mitochondrial ROS production, increased mitochondrial respiratory capacities and increased mitochondrial membrane potential. Mechanistically, Grpel2 interacted with dihydrolipoyl succinyltransferase (DLST), which positively mediated the import process of DLST into mitochondria under HG conditions. Furthermore, the protective effects of Grpel2 overexpression on mitochondrial function and cell survival were blocked by siRNA knockdown of DLST. Moreover, Nr2f6 bond to the Grpel2 promoter region and positively regulated its transcription. CONCLUSION Our study provides for the first time evidence that Grpel2 overexpression exerts a protective effect against mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in DCM by maintaining the import of DLST into mitochondria. These findings suggest that targeting Grpel2 might be a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of patients with DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongjin Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Cardiology, The 989th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force, 2 Huaxia West Road, Luoyang, 471000, China
| | - Xiaomeng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yunyun Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yingfan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Man Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuancui Meng
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianbang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xue Wen
- Department of Cardiology, The 989th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force, 2 Huaxia West Road, Luoyang, 471000, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Clinical Experimental Center, The Affiliated Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710100, China.
| | - Pan Chang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China.
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11
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Wu YL, Lin ZJ, Li CC, Lin X, Shan SK, Guo B, Zheng MH, Li F, Yuan LQ, Li ZH. Epigenetic regulation in metabolic diseases: mechanisms and advances in clinical study. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:98. [PMID: 36864020 PMCID: PMC9981733 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01333-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetics regulates gene expression and has been confirmed to play a critical role in a variety of metabolic diseases, such as diabetes, obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), osteoporosis, gout, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism and others. The term 'epigenetics' was firstly proposed in 1942 and with the development of technologies, the exploration of epigenetics has made great progresses. There are four main epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodelling, and noncoding RNA (ncRNA), which exert different effects on metabolic diseases. Genetic and non-genetic factors, including ageing, diet, and exercise, interact with epigenetics and jointly affect the formation of a phenotype. Understanding epigenetics could be applied to diagnosing and treating metabolic diseases in the clinic, including epigenetic biomarkers, epigenetic drugs, and epigenetic editing. In this review, we introduce the brief history of epigenetics as well as the milestone events since the proposal of the term 'epigenetics'. Moreover, we summarise the research methods of epigenetics and introduce four main general mechanisms of epigenetic modulation. Furthermore, we summarise epigenetic mechanisms in metabolic diseases and introduce the interaction between epigenetics and genetic or non-genetic factors. Finally, we introduce the clinical trials and applications of epigenetics in metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Lin Wu
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Zheng-Jun Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Chang-Chun Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Su-Kang Shan
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Bei Guo
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Ming-Hui Zheng
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Fuxingzi Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Ling-Qing Yuan
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
| | - Zhi-Hong Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China. .,Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
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12
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Xu P, Zhu Y, Ji X, Ma H, Zhang P, Bi Y. Lower serum PRL is associated with the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a retrospective cohort study. BMC Gastroenterol 2022; 22:523. [PMID: 36526972 PMCID: PMC9758822 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-022-02619-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become an epidemic worldwide and has been linked to a series of metabolic co-morbidities. Prolactin (PRL) has recently been found to have a negative effect on NAFLD, but a causal relationship is not well-understood. Here we investigated the causative relationship between PRL and NAFLD occurrence. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, we enrolled patients without NAFLD who were diagnosed by abdominal ultrasonography undergone serum PRL testing at 8.00 a.m. at baseline, and followed up for a median of 32 (19, 46) months. RESULTS This study enrolled 355 persons [215 men and 140 women; media age 56 (49, 64) years], in which 72 (20.28%) patients who eventually developed NAFLD. Compared with those in the non-NAFLD group, basal serum PRL levels of patients were lower in the NAFLD group [male: 7.35 (5.48, 10.60) vs. 9.13 (6.92, 12.50) ug/L, P = 0.002; female: 5.66 (4.67, 9.03) vs. 9.01 (6.31, 11.60) ug/L, P = 0.009]. The prevalence of NAFLD was significantly decreased along with the increased quartile of basal serum PRL levels in both genders (P < 0.05). Serum PRL concentration was independently associated with NAFLD development [male: OR, 0.881 (0.777, 0.998), P = 0.047; female: OR, 0.725 (0.554, 0.949), P = 0.019]. CONCLUSION Our study is the first to find that basal serum PRL level can predict the occurrence of NAFLD and it may be a potential biomarker to prevent and treat NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Xu
- grid.428392.60000 0004 1800 1685Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China ,grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XDepartment of Endocrinology, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing, China ,grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XEndocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Ye Zhu
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XDepartment of Endocrinology, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing, China ,grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XEndocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinlu Ji
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XDepartment of Endocrinology, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing, China ,grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XEndocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Huayang Ma
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XDepartment of Endocrinology, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing, China ,grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XEndocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Pengzi Zhang
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XDepartment of Endocrinology, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing, China ,grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XEndocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Bi
- grid.428392.60000 0004 1800 1685Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China ,grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XDepartment of Endocrinology, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing, China ,grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XEndocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
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13
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Liu MK, Cheng LL, Yi HM, He Y, Li X, Fu D, Dai YT, Fang H, Cheng S, Xu PP, Qian Y, Feng Y, Liu Q, Wang L, Zhao WL. Enhanced lipid metabolism confers the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in CD5-positive non-MYC/BCL2 double expressor lymphoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:885011. [PMID: 36276140 PMCID: PMC9583025 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.885011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphoma cells expressing CD5 (CD5+) confer inferior outcome of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), especially in non–MYC/BCL2 double expressor (non-DE) patients. In tumor microenvironment, CD5+ non-DE tumor revealed increased proportion of immunosuppressive M2 macrophages and enhanced pathways related to macrophage activation and migration. In accordance to M2 activation, lipid metabolism was upregulated, including fatty acid uptake and fatty acid oxidation, which supplied energy for M2 macrophage polarization and activation. Meanwhile, CD36 expression was upregulated and strongly correlated to the proportion of M2 macrophages in CD5+ non-DE DLBCL. In vitro, a DLBCL cell line (LY10) overexpressing CD5 significantly increased M2 proportion in comparison with control when cocultured with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The addition of metformin significantly decreased the M2 proportion and the CD36 expression level in the coculture systems, indicating that metformin could target altered lipid metabolism and decrease M2 macrophages in DLBCL, especially in CD5+ non-DE lymphoma. In conclusion, enhanced lipid metabolism and M2 macrophage activation contributed to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and could be potential therapeutic targets in CD5+ non-DE DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Ke Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Li Cheng
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Mei Yi
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang He
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Di Fu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Ting Dai
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai Fang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu Cheng
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng-Peng Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Qian
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Pôle de Recherches Sino-Français en Science du Vivant et Génomique, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Wei-Li Zhao, ; Li Wang,
| | - Wei-Li Zhao
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Pôle de Recherches Sino-Français en Science du Vivant et Génomique, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Wei-Li Zhao, ; Li Wang,
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14
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Hu J, Zheng Y, Ying H, Ma H, Li L, Zhao Y. Alanyl-Glutamine Protects Mice against Methionine- and Choline-Deficient-Diet-Induced Steatohepatitis and Fibrosis by Modulating Oxidative Stress and Inflammation. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183796. [PMID: 36145172 PMCID: PMC9503574 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a common chronic liver disease with increasing prevalence rates over years and is associated with hepatic lipid accumulation, liver injury, oxidative stress, hepatic inflammation, and liver fibrosis and lack of approved pharmacological therapy. Alanyl-glutamine (Ala-Gln) is a recognized gut-trophic nutrient that has multiple pharmacological effects in the prevention of inflammation- and oxidative-stress-associated diseases. Nevertheless, whether Ala-Gln has a protective effect on NASH still lacks evidence. The aim of this study is to explore the influence of Ala-Gln on NASH and its underlying mechanisms. Here, C57BL/6 mice were fed a methionine- and choline-deficient (MCD) diet to establish the model of NASH, and Ala-Gln at doses of 500 and 1500 mg/kg were intraperitoneally administered to mice along with a MCD diet. The results showed that Ala-Gln treatment significantly attenuated MCD-induced hepatic pathological changes, lowered NAFLD activity score, and reduced plasma alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels. Ala-Gln dramatically alleviated lipid accumulation in liver through modulating the expression levels of fatty acid translocase (FAT/CD36) and farnesoid X receptor (FXR). In addition, Ala-Gln exerted an anti-oxidant effect by elevating the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX). Moreover, Ala-Gln exhibited an anti-inflammatory effect via decreasing the accumulation of activated macrophages and suppressing the production of proinflammatory mediators. Notably, Ala-Gln suppressed the development of liver fibrosis in MCD-diet-fed mice, which may be due to the inhibition of hepatic stellate cells activation. In conclusion, these findings revealed that Ala-Gln prevents the progression of NASH through the modulation of oxidative stress and inflammation and provided the proof that Ala-Gln might be an effective pharmacological agent to treat NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaji Hu
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Ningbo Institute of Marine Medicine, Peking University, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Yigang Zheng
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Hanglu Ying
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Huabin Ma
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Long Li
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Yufen Zhao
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
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15
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Song J, Shi X, Li X, Liang Q, Zeng L, Li G, Yan Y, Xu G, Zheng J. Associations of the T329S Polymorphism in Flavin-Containing Monooxygenase 3 With Atherosclerosis and Fatty Liver Syndrome in 90-Week-Old Hens. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:868602. [PMID: 35433899 PMCID: PMC9009339 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.868602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the spontaneous genetic mutation T329S in flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 (FMO3) on atherosclerosis (AS), fatty liver syndrome (FLS), and adiposity in 90-week-old layers. At 90 weeks of age, 27 FMO3 genotyped Rhode Island White chickens (consisting of nine AA hens, nine AT hens, and nine TT hens) with normal laying performance were selected. The AS lesions, incidence of FLS, fat deposition, metabolic characteristics, and production performance of these egg-layers with different FMO3 genotypes were assessed. The T329S mutation in TT hens reduced the AS lesions (P < 0.01) and altered the plasma metabolic indices more than it did in the AA and AT hens. Furthermore, it reduced the incidence of FLS, hepatic triglyceride deposition (P < 0.05), liver indices (P < 0.05), and fat deposition (P < 0.05) in the subcutis and abdomen of TT hens compared to those of AA and AT hens. Moreover, as an effect of T329S, TT hens laid a higher than average number of eggs and maintained a higher egg-laying rate from 68 to 90 weeks than AA and AT hens. Our study confirmed that the T329S mutation in FMO3 could reduce the development of AS lesions, the incidence of FLS, and fat deposition, which are associated with changes in plasma and hepatic metabolic indices and improvements in the laying performance of older layers. Our results may provide a new strategy for using the T329S mutation to improve the health status and production performance of layers during the late laying period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlou Song
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuefeng Shi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xianyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qianni Liang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lingsen Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Guangqi Li
- Beijing Huadu Yukou Poultry Industry Co. Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Yiyuan Yan
- Beijing Huadu Yukou Poultry Industry Co. Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Guiyun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangxia Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jiangxia Zheng
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16
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Zhu X, Xia M, Gao X. Update on genetics and epigenetics in metabolic associated fatty liver disease. Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab 2022; 13:20420188221132138. [PMID: 36325500 PMCID: PMC9619279 DOI: 10.1177/20420188221132138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming the most frequent chronic liver disease worldwide. Metabolic (dysfunction) associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is suggested to replace the nomenclature of NAFLD. For individuals with metabolic dysfunction, multiple NAFLD-related factors also contribute to the development and progression of MAFLD including genetics and epigenetics. The application of genome-wide association study (GWAS) and exome-wide association study (EWAS) uncovers single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in MAFLD. In addition to the classic SNPs in PNPLA3, TM6SF2, and GCKR, some new SNPs have been found recently to contribute to the pathogenesis of liver steatosis. Epigenetic factors involving DNA methylation, histone modifications, non-coding RNAs regulations, and RNA methylation also play a critical role in MAFLD. DNA methylation is the most reported epigenetic modification. Developing a non-invasion biomarker to distinguish metabolic steatohepatitis (MASH) or liver fibrosis is ongoing. In this review, we summarized and discussed the latest progress in genetic and epigenetic factors of NAFLD/MAFLD, in order to provide potential clues for MAFLD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan Institute for Metabolic Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Xin Gao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan Institute for Metabolic Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Gao R, Wang J, He X, Wang T, Zhou L, Ren Z, Yang J, Xiang X, Wen S, Yu Z, Ai H, Wang Y, Liang H, Li S, Lu Y, Zhu Y, Shi G, Chen Y. Comprehensive analysis of endoplasmic reticulum-related and secretome gene expression profiles in the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:967016. [PMID: 36034446 PMCID: PMC9412753 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.967016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the principal organelle for protein synthesis, such as hepatokines and transmembrane proteins, and is critical for maintaining physiological function. Dysfunction of ER is associated with metabolic disorders. However, the role of ER homeostasis as well as hepatokines in the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains to be elucidated. Here we comprehensively analyzed the RNA-seq profiles of liver biopsies from 206 NAFLD patients and 10 controls from dataset GSE135251. The co-expression modules were constructed based on weighted gene co-expression network analysis and six co-expression modules were identified, of which brown module stood out to be significantly associated with fibrosis stage and NAFLD activity score (NAS). Subsequently, cytoscape with cytoHubba plugin was applied to identify hub genes in the brown module. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis of the top 20 hub genes were performed and showed the involvement of extracellular matrix formation, collagen synthesis and decomposition, etc. Further, the expression of the top 20 hub genes were found to be a consistent increasing trend as the fibrosis stages and NAS increased, which have been validated both in HFD fed and HFHC fed mice. Among these genes, THY1, PTGDS, TMPRSS3, SPON1, COL1A2, RHBDF1, COL3A1, COL5A1, COL1A1 and IGFBP7 performed well in distinguishing fibrosis stage, while COL1A2, COL3A1, THY1, RHBDF1 and COL1A2 exhibited good capacity to discriminate NAS. Besides, RHBDF1, COL3A1, QSOX1, STING1, COL5A1, IGFBP7, COL4A2, COL1A1, FKBP10 and COL1A2 also showed a strong power in the diagnosis of NAFLD. In addition, COL1A1, COL1A2, COL3A1, COL8A2, IGFBP7, PGF, PTGDS, SPON1, THY1 and TIMP1 were identified as secretome genes from the top 20 hub genes. Of them, circulated THY1 and collagen III level were validated to be significantly elevated in the MCD diet-induced mice. Thus, we provided a systemic view on understanding the pathological roles and mechanisms of ER as well as secretome in NAFLD progression. THY1, COL1A1, COL1A2, COL3A1 and RHBDF1 could be served as candidate biomarkers to evaluate the progression of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Gao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuemin He
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tongtong Wang
- Department of Clinical Immunology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhitao Ren
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jifeng Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxin Xiang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiyi Wen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuojun Yu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Heying Ai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuchan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua Liang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shasha Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Clinical Immunology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanhua Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guojun Shi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yanming Chen, ; Guojun Shi,
| | - Yanming Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yanming Chen, ; Guojun Shi,
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The Role and Mechanism of Oxidative Stress and Nuclear Receptors in the Development of NAFLD. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6889533. [PMID: 34745420 PMCID: PMC8566046 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6889533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and consequent oxidative stress contribute to the pathogenesis of acute and chronic liver diseases. It is now acknowledged that nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized as a redox-centered disease due to the role of ROS in hepatic metabolism. However, the underlying mechanisms accounting for these alternations are not completely understood. Several nuclear receptors (NRs) are dysregulated in NAFLD, and have a direct influence on the expression of a set of genes relating to the progress of hepatic lipid homeostasis and ROS generation. Meanwhile, the NRs act as redox sensors in response to metabolic stress. Therefore, targeting NRs may represent a promising strategy for improving oxidation damage and treating NAFLD. This review summarizes the link between impaired lipid metabolism and oxidative stress and highlights some NRs involved in regulating oxidant/antioxidant turnover in the context of NAFLD, shedding light on potential therapies based on NR-mediated modulation of ROS generation and lipid accumulation.
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Hu J, Ying H, Yao J, Yang L, Jin W, Ma H, Li L, Zhao Y. Micronized Palmitoylethanolamide Ameliorates Methionine- and Choline-Deficient Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis via Inhibiting Inflammation and Restoring Autophagy. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:744483. [PMID: 34712137 PMCID: PMC8546106 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.744483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) has become one of the serious causes of chronic liver diseases, characterized by hepatic steatosis, hepatocellular injury, inflammation and fibrosis, and lack of efficient therapeutic agents. Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is an endogenous bioactive lipid with various pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and neuroprotective effects. However, the effect of PEA on nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is still unknown. Our study aims to explore the potential protective role of PEA on NASH and to reveal the underlying mechanism. In this study, the C57BL/6 mice were used to establish the NASH model through methionine- and choline-deficient (MCD) diet feeding. Here, we found that PEA treatment significantly improved liver function, alleviated hepatic pathological changes, and attenuated the lipid accumulation and hepatic fibrosis in NASH mice induced by MCD diet feeding. Mechanistically, the anti-steatosis effect of PEA may be due to the suppressed expression of ACC1 and CD36, elevated expression of PPAR-α, and the phosphorylation levels of AMPK. In addition, hepatic oxidative stress was greatly inhibited in MCD-fed mice treated with PEA via enhancing the expression and activities of antioxidant enzymes, including GSH-px and SOD. Moreover, PEA exerted a clear anti-inflammatory effect though ameliorating the expression of inflammatory mediators and suppressing the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway activation. Furthermore, the impaired autophagy in MCD-induced mice was reactivated with PEA treatment. Taken together, our research suggested that PEA protects against NASH through the inhibition of inflammation and restoration of autophagy. Thus, PEA may represent an efficient therapeutic agent to treat NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaji Hu
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Hanglu Ying
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jie Yao
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Longhe Yang
- Technology Innovation Center for Exploitation of Marine Biological Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, China
| | - Wenhui Jin
- Technology Innovation Center for Exploitation of Marine Biological Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, China
| | - Huabin Ma
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Long Li
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yufen Zhao
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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Pang JS, Wen DY, He RQ, Chen G, Lin P, Li JH, Zhao YJ, Wu LY, Chen JH, He Y, Qin LT, Chen JB, Li Y, Yang H. Incomplete thermal ablation-induced up-regulation of transcription factor nuclear receptor subfamily 2, group F, member 6 (NR2F6) contributes to the rapid progression of residual liver tumor in hepatoblastoma. Bioengineered 2021; 12:4289-4303. [PMID: 34304715 PMCID: PMC8806681 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1945521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatoblastoma is a kind of extreme malignancy frequently diagnosed in children. Although surgical resection is considered as the first-line treatment for hepatoblastoma, a relatively large population of patients have lost the preferred opportunity for surgery. Administration of locoregional ablation enables local tumor control but with the deficiency of insufficient ablation, residual tumor, and rapid progression. In this study, we integrated 219 hepatoblastoma and 121 non-cancer liver tissues to evaluate the expression of NR2F6, from which a higher NR2F6 level was found in hepatoblastoma compared with non-cancer livers with a standard mean difference (SMD) of 1.04 (95% CI: 0.79, 1.29). The overexpression of NR2F6 also appeared to be an efficient indicator in distinguishing hepatoblastoma tissues from non-cancer liver tissues from the indication of a summarized AUC of 0.90, with a pooled sensitivity of 0.76 and a pooled specificity of 0.89. Interestingly, nude mouse xenografts provided direct evidence that overexpressed NR2F6 was also detected in residual tumor compared to untreated hepatoblastoma. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-binding data in HepG2 cells and transcriptome analysis of HepG2 xenografts were combined to identify target genes regulated by NR2F6. We finally selected 150 novel target genes of NR2F6 in residual tumor of incomplete ablation, and these genes appeared to be associated with the biological regulation of lipid metabolism-related pathway. Accordingly, targeting NR2F6 holds a therapeutic promise in treating residual recurrent hepatoblastoma after incomplete ablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Shu Pang
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Yue Wen
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Rong-Quan He
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Peng Lin
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Hong Li
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Jia Zhao
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Lin-Yong Wu
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Hong Chen
- Department of Pathology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Yun He
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Li-Ting Qin
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Bo Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
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21
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Emerging Next-Generation Target for Cancer Immunotherapy Research: The Orphan Nuclear Receptor NR2F6. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112600. [PMID: 34073258 PMCID: PMC8197903 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The most successful strategies for solid cancer immunotherapy have centered on targeting the co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory T cell molecules that regulate T cell activation. Although immunotherapy that targets surface receptors such as CTLA-4 and/or PD-1 with recombinant antibodies has been a game changer for cancer treatment, a sizeable subset of patients still fail to respond to, and even fewer patients are cured by, these therapy regimens. Here, we discuss the unique potential of NR2F6 as an emerging target for cancer immunotherapy to significantly increase response rates of cancer patients and/or to extend treatment to a broader range of cancer types. Abstract Additional therapeutic targets suitable for boosting anti-tumor effector responses have been found inside effector CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. It is likely that future treatment options will combine surface receptor and intracellular protein targets. Utilizing germline gene ablation as well as CRISPR/Cas9-mediated acute gene mutagenesis, the nuclear receptor NR2F6 (nuclear receptor subfamily 2 group F member 6, also called Ear-2) has been firmly characterized as such an intracellular immune checkpoint in effector T cells. Targeting this receptor appears to be a strategy for improving anti-tumor immunotherapy responses, especially in combination with CTLA-4 and PD-1. Current preclinical experimental knowledge firmly validates the immune checkpoint function of NR2F6 in murine tumor models, which provides a promising perspective for immunotherapy regimens in humans in the near future. While the clinical focus remains on the B7/CD28 family members, protein candidate targets such as NR2F6 are now being investigated in laboratories around the world and in R&D companies. Such an alternative therapeutic approach, if demonstrated to be successful, could supplement the existing therapeutic models and significantly increase response rates of cancer patients and/or expand the reach of immune therapy regimens to include a wider range of cancer entities. In this perspective review, the role of NR2F6 as an emerging and druggable target in immuno-oncology research will be discussed, with special emphasis on the unique potential of NR2F6 and its critical and non-redundant role in both immune and tumor cells.
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