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Jeon SJ, Yang NG, Kim YH, Yun JH, Moon DK. Bihalogenated Thiophene-Based Terpolymers for High-Performance Semitransparent Organic Solar Cells Processed by an Eco-Friendly Solvent and Layer-by-Layer Deposition. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:38031-38047. [PMID: 35960878 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c10286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The development of photoactive materials simultaneously satisfying high performance, low cost, and eco-friendly processability remains challenging in organic solar cells (OSCs). Herein, a synergistic strategy is proposed to design three terpolymers (PM7(ClCl = 0.2), PM7(ClBr = 0.2), and PM7(BrBr = 0.2)) based on bihalogenated thiophenes with relatively low cost, for improving the optical and electrochemical properties, solubility in nontoxic solvents, and crystallinity and miscibility balance. In summary, a bulk-heterojunction (BHJ)-processed device based on PM7(ClCl = 0.2) with 20% dichlorinated thiophene achieves the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 15.2% using toluene (best PCE ≈ 15.8% on the ternary blend). Moreover, high-performance semitransparent OSCs (ST-OSCs) were fabricated by a combination of layer-by-layer (LBL) and sequential dynamic and static spin-coating techniques according to the molecular weight of PM7(ClCl = 0.2). Using this unique LBL strategy, the PM7(ClCl = 0.2)-MW (H; high molecular weight)-processed ST-OSCs yield a high PCE of 11.5% and an average visible transmittance (AVT) of 27.1% with outstanding tolerance to device reproducibility. By optimizing ST-OSCs with tungsten trioxide as a distributed Bragg reflector, a light utilization efficiency (LUE) of 3.61% is realized with a PCE of 10.8% and an AVT of 33.4% (certified PCE ≈ 11.157%; LUE ≈ 3.73%). This study provides a novel perspective for designing and developing actual photoactive materials for OSC commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Jae Jeon
- Nano and Information Materials (NIMs) Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Nam Gyu Yang
- Nano and Information Materials (NIMs) Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Young Hoon Kim
- Nano and Information Materials (NIMs) Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Ji Hee Yun
- Nano and Information Materials (NIMs) Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Doo Kyung Moon
- Nano and Information Materials (NIMs) Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea
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Chlorinated polymerized small molecule acceptor enabling ternary all-polymer solar cells with over 16.6% efficiency. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1219-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Yan L, Liang Z, Si J, Gong P, Wang Y, Liu X, Tong J, Li J, Hou X. Ultrafast Kinetics of Chlorinated Polymer Donors: A Faster Excitonic Dissociation Path. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:6945-6957. [PMID: 35081710 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c24348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Halogen-substituted donor/acceptor materials are widely regarded as a promising strategy toward improved power-conversion efficiencies (PCEs) in polymer solar cells (PSCs). A chlorinated polymer donor, PClBTA-PS, and its non-chlorinated analogue, PBTA-PS, are synthesized. The PClBTA-PS-based devices show significant enhancements in terms of open-circuit voltage (VOC = 0.82 V) and fill factor (FF = 76.20%). In addition, a PCE of 13.20% is obtained, which is significantly higher than that for the PBTA-PS-based devices (PCE = 7.63%). Grazing incident wide-angle X-ray scattering shows that the chlorinated polymer enables better π-π stacking in both pure and blend films. DFT and TD-DFT calculations as well as ultrafast photophysics measurements indicate that chlorinated PClBTA-PS has a smaller bonding energy and a longer spontaneous-emission lifetime. The results also reveal that the charge-transfer-state excitons in PClBTA-PS:IT4Cl blend films split into the charge-separated (CS) state via a faster dissociation path, which produces a higher yield of the CS state. Overall, this study provides a deeper understanding of how a halogen-substituted polymer can improve PSCs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihe Yan
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & Shaanxi Key Lab of Photonic Technique for Information, School of Electronics Science & Engineering, Faculty of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Zezhou Liang
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & Shaanxi Key Lab of Photonic Technique for Information, School of Electronics Science & Engineering, Faculty of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Jinhai Si
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & Shaanxi Key Lab of Photonic Technique for Information, School of Electronics Science & Engineering, Faculty of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Pingping Gong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gansu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Organic Semiconductor Materials and Application Technology, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yufei Wang
- Siyuan Laboratory, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Department of Physics, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xingpeng Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gansu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Organic Semiconductor Materials and Application Technology, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Junfeng Tong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gansu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Organic Semiconductor Materials and Application Technology, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gansu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Organic Semiconductor Materials and Application Technology, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xun Hou
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & Shaanxi Key Lab of Photonic Technique for Information, School of Electronics Science & Engineering, Faculty of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
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Wang Y, Zhang C, Yang B, Yuan L, Gong J, Liu Z, Wu Y, Chen H. The Halogenation Effects of Electron Acceptor ITIC for Organic Photovoltaic Nano-Heterojunctions. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:3417. [PMID: 34947765 PMCID: PMC8708652 DOI: 10.3390/nano11123417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Molecular engineering plays a critical role in the development of electron donor and acceptor materials for improving power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic photovoltaics (OPVs). The halogenated acceptor materials in OPVs have shown high PCE. Here, to investigate the halogenation mechanism and the effects on OPV performances, based on the density functional theory calculations with the optimally tuned screened range-separated hybrid functional and the consideration of solid polarization effects, we addressed the halogenation effects of acceptor ITIC, which were modeled by bis-substituted ITIC with halogen and coded as IT-2X (X = F, Cl, Br), and PBDB-T:ITIC, PBDB-T:IT-2X (X = F, Cl, Br) complexes on their geometries, electronic structures, excitations, electrostatic potentials, and the rate constants of charge transfer, exciton dissociation (ED), and charge recombination processes at the heterojunction interface. The results indicated that halogenation of ITIC slightly affects molecular geometric structures, energy levels, optical absorption spectra, exciton binding energies, and excitation properties. However, the halogenation of ITIC significantly enlarges the electrostatic potential difference between the electron acceptor and donor PBDB-T with the order from fluorination and chlorination to bromination. The halogenation also increases the transferred charges of CT states for the complexes. Meanwhile, the halogenation effects on CT energies and electron process rates depend on different haloid elements. No matter which kinds of haloid elements were introduced in the halogenation of acceptors, the ED is always efficient in these OPV devices. This work provides an understanding of the halogenation mechanism, and is also conducive to the designing of novel materials with the aid of the halogenation strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Applied Physics, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China; (Y.W.); (B.Y.); (L.Y.); (J.G.)
| | - Cairong Zhang
- Department of Applied Physics, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China; (Y.W.); (B.Y.); (L.Y.); (J.G.)
| | - Bing Yang
- Department of Applied Physics, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China; (Y.W.); (B.Y.); (L.Y.); (J.G.)
| | - Lihua Yuan
- Department of Applied Physics, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China; (Y.W.); (B.Y.); (L.Y.); (J.G.)
| | - Jijun Gong
- Department of Applied Physics, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China; (Y.W.); (B.Y.); (L.Y.); (J.G.)
| | - Zijiang Liu
- Department of Physics, Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
| | - Youzhi Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China;
| | - Hongshan Chen
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
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Gopikrishna P, Choi H, Kim DH, Hwang JH, Lee Y, Jung H, Yu G, Raju TB, Lee E, Lee Y, Cho S, Kim B. Impact of symmetry-breaking of non-fullerene acceptors for efficient and stable organic solar cells. Chem Sci 2021; 12:14083-14097. [PMID: 34760192 PMCID: PMC8565381 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc04153c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The concurrent enhancement of short-circuit current (JSC) and open-circuit voltage (VOC) is a key problem in the preparation of efficient organic solar cells (OSCs). In this paper, we report efficient and stable OSCs based on an asymmetric non-fullerene acceptor (NFA) IPC-BEH-IC2F. The NFA consists of a weak electron-donor core dithienothiophen[3,2-b]-pyrrolobenzothiadiazole (BEH) and two kinds of strong electron-acceptor (A) units [9H-indeno[1,2-b]pyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile (IPC) with a tricyclic fused system and 2-(5,6-difluoro-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylidene)malononitrile (IC2F)]. For comparison, the symmetric NFAs IPC-BEH-IPC and IC2F-BEH-IC2F were characterised. The kind of flanking A unit significantly affects the light absorption features and electronic structures of the NFAs. The asymmetric IPC-BEH-IC2F has the highest extinction coefficient among the three NFAs owing to its strong dipole moment and highly crystalline feature. Its highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) levels lie between those of the IPC-BEH-IPC and IC2F-BEH-IC2F molecules. The IPC group also promotes molecular packing through the tricyclic π-conjugated system and achieves increased crystallinity compared to that of the IC2F group. Inverted-type photovoltaic devices based on p-type polymer:NFA blends with PBDB-T and PM6 polymers as p-type polymers were fabricated. Among all these devices, the PBDB-T:IPC-BEH-IC2F blend device displayed the best photovoltaic properties because the IPC unit provides balanced electronic and morphological characteristics. More importantly, the PBDB-T:IPC-BEH-IC2F-based device exhibited the best long-term stability owing to the strongly interacting IPC moiety and the densely packed PBDB-T:IPC-BEH-IC2F film. These results demonstrate that asymmetric structural modifications of NFAs are an effective way for simultaneously improving the photovoltaic performance and stability of OSCs. A 9H-indeno[1,2-b]pyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile (IPC) moiety in asymmetric non-fullerene acceptors promotes the formation of a densely packed crystalline structure, enabling efficient and long-term stable organic solar cells.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Peddaboodi Gopikrishna
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) 50 UNIST-gil Ulsan 44919 Republic of Korea
| | - Huijeong Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) 50 UNIST-gil Ulsan 44919 Republic of Korea
| | - Do Hui Kim
- Department of Physics and EHSRC, University of Ulsan 93 Daehak-ro, Nam-gu Ulsan 44610 Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Ho Hwang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu Gwangju 61005 Republic of Korea
| | - Youngwan Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) 50 UNIST-gil Ulsan 44919 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonwoo Jung
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST) 333, Techno Jungang-daero, Hyeonpung-eup, Dalseong-gun Daegu 42988 Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeonghwa Yu
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST) 333, Techno Jungang-daero, Hyeonpung-eup, Dalseong-gun Daegu 42988 Republic of Korea
| | - Telugu Bhim Raju
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) 50 UNIST-gil Ulsan 44919 Republic of Korea
| | - Eunji Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu Gwangju 61005 Republic of Korea
| | - Youngu Lee
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST) 333, Techno Jungang-daero, Hyeonpung-eup, Dalseong-gun Daegu 42988 Republic of Korea
| | - Shinuk Cho
- Department of Physics and EHSRC, University of Ulsan 93 Daehak-ro, Nam-gu Ulsan 44610 Republic of Korea
| | - BongSoo Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) 50 UNIST-gil Ulsan 44919 Republic of Korea
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Liu YQ, Zhi HF, Bai HR, Jiang Z, Wan SS, Jiang M, Mahmood A, Yang C, Sun S, An Q, Wang JL. Two-Dimensional Conjugated Benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']diselenophene-Based Copolymer Donor Enables Large Open-Circuit Voltage and High Efficiency in Selenophene-based Organic Solar Cells. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:4454-4465. [PMID: 34323383 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202101232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A two-dimensional electron-rich fused-ring moiety (ClBDSe) based on benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']diselenophene is synthesized. Three copolymers (PBDT-Se, PBDSe-T, and PBDSe-Se) are obtained by manipulating the connection types and number of selenophene units on the conjugated main chains with two 2D fused-ring units and two different π-bridges, respectively. In comparison with PBDT-Se and PBDSe-Se, PBDSe-T with benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']diselenophene unit and thiophene π-bridge exhibits the deepest HOMO energy level and the strongest crystallinity in neat films. The PBDSe-T:Y6 blend film exhibits the best absorption complementarity, the most distinctive face-on orientation with proper phase separation, the highest carrier mobilities, and the lowest charge recombination among three blend films. Finally, the PBDSe-T:Y6-based device delivers an impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 14.50 %, which is higher than those of PBDT-Se:Y6 and PBDSe-Se:Y6. Moreover, a decent open-circuit voltage (Voc ) of 0.89 V with a remarkably small energy loss of 0.44 eV is achieved for PBDSe-T:Y6. The efficiency of 14.50 % is the highest value for selenophene-containing copolymer-based binary organic solar cells (OSCs). This study provides evidence that introduction of 2D-benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']diselenophene as a fused electron-rich unit with π-bridging into copolymeric donors is a valid strategy for providing high Voc and excellent PCE simultaneously in selenophene-based OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Qiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 1, 00081, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Fu Zhi
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 1, 00081, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Rui Bai
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 1, 00081, P. R. China
| | - Zhao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 1, 00081, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Sheng Wan
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 1, 00081, P. R. China
| | - Mengyun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 1, 00081, P. R. China
| | - Asif Mahmood
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 1, 00081, P. R. China
| | - Can Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 1, 00081, P. R. China
| | - Shuo Sun
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 1, 00081, P. R. China
| | - Qiaoshi An
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 1, 00081, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Liang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 1, 00081, P. R. China
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Lu B, Wang J, Zhang Z, Wang J, Yuan X, Ding Y, Wang Y, Yao Y. Recent progress of Y‐series electron acceptors for organic solar cells. NANO SELECT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202100036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineer Nantong University Nantong Jiangsu 226019 P. R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineer Nantong University Nantong Jiangsu 226019 P. R. China
| | - Zhecheng Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineer Nantong University Nantong Jiangsu 226019 P. R. China
| | - Jin Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineer Nantong University Nantong Jiangsu 226019 P. R. China
| | - Xiaolei Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineer Nantong University Nantong Jiangsu 226019 P. R. China
| | - Yue Ding
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineer Nantong University Nantong Jiangsu 226019 P. R. China
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineer Nantong University Nantong Jiangsu 226019 P. R. China
| | - Yong Yao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineer Nantong University Nantong Jiangsu 226019 P. R. China
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