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Huang E, Frydman C, Xiao X. Navigating the landscape of epitranscriptomics and host immunity. Genome Res 2024; 34:515-529. [PMID: 38702197 PMCID: PMC11146601 DOI: 10.1101/gr.278412.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
RNA modifications, also termed epitranscriptomic marks, encompass chemical alterations to individual nucleotides, including processes such as methylation and editing. These marks contribute to a wide range of biological processes, many of which are related to host immune system defense. The functions of immune-related RNA modifications can be categorized into three main groups: regulation of immunogenic RNAs, control of genes involved in innate immune response, and facilitation of adaptive immunity. Here, we provide an overview of recent research findings that elucidate the contributions of RNA modifications to each of these processes. We also discuss relevant methods for genome-wide identification of RNA modifications and their immunogenic substrates. Finally, we highlight recent advances in cancer immunotherapies that aim to reduce cancer cell viability by targeting the enzymes responsible for RNA modifications. Our presentation of these dynamic research avenues sets the stage for future investigations in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Huang
- Bioinformatics Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Clara Frydman
- Bioinformatics Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Xinshu Xiao
- Bioinformatics Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA;
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Molecular Biology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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2
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Karandashov I, Kachanov A, Dukich M, Ponomareva N, Brezgin S, Lukashev A, Pokrovsky VS, Chulanov V, Kostyusheva A, Kostyushev D. m 6A Methylation in Regulation of Antiviral Innate Immunity. Viruses 2024; 16:601. [PMID: 38675942 PMCID: PMC11054785 DOI: 10.3390/v16040601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The epitranscriptomic modification m6A is a prevalent RNA modification that plays a crucial role in the regulation of various aspects of RNA metabolism. It has been found to be involved in a wide range of physiological processes and disease states. Of particular interest is the role of m6A machinery and modifications in viral infections, serving as an evolutionary marker for distinguishing between self and non-self entities. In this review article, we present a comprehensive overview of the epitranscriptomic modification m6A and its implications for the interplay between viruses and their host, focusing on immune responses and viral replication. We outline future research directions that highlight the role of m6A in viral nucleic acid recognition, initiation of antiviral immune responses, and modulation of antiviral signaling pathways. Additionally, we discuss the potential of m6A as a prognostic biomarker and a target for therapeutic interventions in viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Karandashov
- Laboratory of Genetic Technologies, Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector-Borne Diseases, First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia; (I.K.); (A.K.); (M.D.); (N.P.); (S.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Artyom Kachanov
- Laboratory of Genetic Technologies, Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector-Borne Diseases, First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia; (I.K.); (A.K.); (M.D.); (N.P.); (S.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Maria Dukich
- Laboratory of Genetic Technologies, Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector-Borne Diseases, First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia; (I.K.); (A.K.); (M.D.); (N.P.); (S.B.); (A.L.)
- Faculty of Virology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia Ponomareva
- Laboratory of Genetic Technologies, Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector-Borne Diseases, First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia; (I.K.); (A.K.); (M.D.); (N.P.); (S.B.); (A.L.)
- Division of Biotechnology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119048 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey Brezgin
- Laboratory of Genetic Technologies, Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector-Borne Diseases, First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia; (I.K.); (A.K.); (M.D.); (N.P.); (S.B.); (A.L.)
- Division of Biotechnology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia
| | - Alexander Lukashev
- Laboratory of Genetic Technologies, Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector-Borne Diseases, First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia; (I.K.); (A.K.); (M.D.); (N.P.); (S.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Vadim S. Pokrovsky
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia;
- Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 117198 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Biochemistry, RUDN University, 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir Chulanov
- Department of Infectious Diseases, First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Anastasiya Kostyusheva
- Laboratory of Genetic Technologies, Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector-Borne Diseases, First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia; (I.K.); (A.K.); (M.D.); (N.P.); (S.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Dmitry Kostyushev
- Laboratory of Genetic Technologies, Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector-Borne Diseases, First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia; (I.K.); (A.K.); (M.D.); (N.P.); (S.B.); (A.L.)
- Division of Biotechnology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Biotechnologies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
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3
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Wang H, Feng J, Zeng C, Liu J, Fu Z, Wang D, Wang Y, Zhang L, Li J, Jiang A, He M, Cao Y, Yan K, Tang H, Guo D, Xu K, Zhou X, Zhou L, Lan K, Zhou Y, Chen Y. NSUN2-mediated M 5c methylation of IRF3 mRNA negatively regulates type I interferon responses during various viral infections. Emerg Microbes Infect 2023; 12:2178238. [PMID: 36748584 PMCID: PMC9946332 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2023.2178238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
5-Methylcytosine (m5C) is a widespread post-transcriptional RNA modification and is reported to be involved in manifold cellular responses and biological processes through regulating RNA metabolism. However, its regulatory role in antiviral innate immunity has not yet been elucidated. Here, we report that NSUN2, a typical m5C methyltransferase, negatively regulates type I interferon responses during various viral infections, including SARS-CoV-2. NSUN2 specifically mediates m5C methylation of IRF3 mRNA and accelerates its degradation, resulting in low levels of IRF3 and downstream IFN-β production. Knockout or knockdown of NSUN2 enhanced type I interferon and downstream ISGs during various viral infection in vitro. And in vivo, the antiviral innate response is more dramatically enhanced in Nsun2+/- mice than in Nsun2+/+ mice. The highly m5C methylated cytosines in IRF3 mRNA were identified, and their mutation enhanced cellular IRF3 mRNA levels. Moreover, infection with Sendai virus (SeV), vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), or Zika virus (ZIKV) resulted in a reduction of endogenous NSUN2 levels. Especially, SARS-CoV-2 infection (WT strain and BA.1 omicron variant) also decreased endogenous levels of NSUN2 in COVID-19 patients and K18-hACE2 KI mice, further increasing type I interferon and downstream ISGs. Together, our findings reveal that NSUN2 serves as a negative regulator of interferon response by accelerating the fast turnover of IRF3 mRNA, while endogenous NSUN2 levels decrease during SARS-CoV-2 and various viral infections to boost antiviral responses for effective elimination of viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiangpeng Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cong Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China,College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jiejie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiying Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dehe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yafen Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiali Li
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Miao He
- School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Cao
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kun Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Tang
- Heart Center of Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Deyin Guo
- School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ke Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China,Animal Bio-Safety Level III Laboratory at Center for Animal Experiment, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ke Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China, Yu Chen State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan430072, People’s Republic of China
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4
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Qiu T, Wu C, Yao X, Han Q, Wang N, Yuan W, Zhang J, Shi Y, Jiang L, Liu X, Yang G, Sun X. AS3MT facilitates NLRP3 inflammasome activation by m 6A modification during arsenic-induced hepatic insulin resistance. Cell Biol Toxicol 2023; 39:2165-2181. [PMID: 35226250 PMCID: PMC8882720 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-022-09703-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) messenger RNA methylation is the most widespread gene regulatory mechanism affecting liver functions and disorders. However, the relationship between m6A methylation and arsenic-induced hepatic insulin resistance (IR), which is a critical initiating event in arsenic-induced metabolic syndromes such as type 2 diabetes (T2D) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), remains unclear. Here, we showed that arsenic treatment facilitated methyltransferase-like 14 (METTL14)-mediated m6A methylation, and that METTL14 interference reversed arsenic-impaired hepatic insulin sensitivity. We previously showed that arsenic-induced NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation contributed to hepatic IR. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying the role of arsenic toward the post-transcriptional modification of NLRP3 remain unclear. Here, we showed that NLRP3 mRNA stability was enhanced by METTL14-mediated m6A methylation during arsenic-induced hepatic IR. Furthermore, we demonstrated that arsenite methyltransferase (AS3MT), an essential enzyme in arsenic metabolic processes, interacted with NLRP3 to activate the inflammasome, thereby contributing to arsenic-induced hepatic IR. Also, AS3MT strengthened the m6A methylase association with NLRP3 to stabilize m6A-modified NLRP3. In summary, we showed that AS3MT-induced m6A modification critically regulated NLRP3 inflammasome activation during arsenic-induced hepatic IR, and we identified a novel post-transcriptional function of AS3MT in promoting arsenicosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianming Qiu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenbing Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofeng Yao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuyue Han
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Ningning Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Weizhuo Yuan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyuan Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Shi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Jiang
- Preventive Medicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofang Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiance Sun
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China.
- Global Health Research Center, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China.
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5
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Hu Y, Lei L, Jiang L, Zeng H, Zhang Y, Fu C, Guo H, Dong Y, Ouyang Y, Zhang X, Huang J, Zeng Q, Chen J. LncRNA UCA1 promotes keratinocyte-driven inflammation via suppressing METTL14 and activating the HIF-1α/NF-κB axis in psoriasis. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:279. [PMID: 37076497 PMCID: PMC10115875 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05790-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Keratinocytes are closely associated with innate immunity and inflammatory responses, and are dysregulated during the development of psoriasis, but the underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood. This work aims to reveal the effects of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) UCA1 in psoriatic keratinocytes. UCA1 was identified as a psoriasis-related lncRNA that highly expressed in psoriatic lesions. The transcriptome and proteome data of keratinocyte cell line HaCaT showed that UCA1 could positively regulate inflammatory functions, such as response to cytokine. Furthermore, UCA1 silencing decreased inflammatory cytokine secretion and innate immunity gene expression in HaCaT, its culture supernatant also decreased the migration and tube formation ability of vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs). Mechanistically, UCA1 activated the NF-κB signaling pathway, which is regulated by HIF-1α and STAT3. We also observed a direct interaction between UCA1 and N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methyltransferase METTL14. Knocking down METTL14 counteracted the effects of UCA1 silencing, indicating that it can suppress inflammation. In addition, the levels of m6A-modified HIF-1α were decreased in psoriatic lesions, indicating that HIF-1α is a potential target of METTL14. Taken together, this work indicates that UCA1 positively regulates keratinocyte-driven inflammation and psoriasis development by binding to METTL14, and activating HIF-1α and NF-κB signaling pathway. Our findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of keratinocyte-driven inflammation in psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Hu
- Department of Dermatology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, PR China
| | - Li Lei
- Department of Dermatology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, PR China
| | - Ling Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, PR China
| | - Hongliang Zeng
- Center of Medical Laboratory Animal, Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, No.128 Yuehua Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, PR China
| | - Yushan Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, PR China
| | - Chuhan Fu
- Department of Dermatology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, PR China
| | - Haoran Guo
- Department of Dermatology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, PR China
| | - Yumeng Dong
- Department of Dermatology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, PR China
| | - Yujie Ouyang
- Department of Dermatology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, PR China
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, PR China
| | - Jinhua Huang
- Department of Dermatology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, PR China
| | - Qinghai Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, PR China.
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Dermatology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, PR China.
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6
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Zhao Y, Luo Q, Wang W, Geng S, Sun Y, Xu T. METTL16, an evolutionarily conserved m6A methyltransferase member, inhibits the antiviral immune response of miiuy croaker (Miichthys miiuy). DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 145:104713. [PMID: 37085020 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2023.104713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Methyltransferase like-16 (METTL16) is an m6A RNA methylation transferase that is known to methylate U6 snRNA and pre-mRNA of S-adenosylmethionine synthase but has been poorly studied in fish. In this study, METTL16 was identified in miiuy croaker (Miichthys miiuy). We first performed bioinformatics analysis of the miiuy croaker METTL16 (mmiMETTL16). MmiMETTL16 and other vertebrates METTL16 have a relatively conserved MTD structural domain and gene structure, suggesting that their methylase activity may also be conservative. In healthy miiuy croaker, mmiMETTL16 was commonly expressed in the tested tissues. Expression of mmiMETTL16 in kidney, liver, and spleen tissues was significantly increased after poly(I:C) stimulation. Consistently, mmiMETTL16 was sensitive to poly(I:C) stimulation in miiuy croaker kidney cell (MKC), suggesting that METTL16 might participate in antiviral immunity. For further functional experiments, immunofluorescence of mmiMETTL16 presents in the nucleus in kidney cells. In addition, the overexpression of mmiMETTL16 could significantly increase the overall m6A level of MKC cells, which shows that the function of METTL16 as methyltransferase is conservative in miiuy croaker. Last, mmiMETTL16 can inhibit the expression of TNF-α, IFN-1, Mx1, and ISG15, suggesting that mmiMETTL16 can suppress the immune response caused by viral stimulation. In summary, studies on mmiMETTL16 will contribute to future studies on the role of METTL16 and potential mechanisms of the m6A regulation network in the teleost immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Luo
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wansu Wang
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shang Geng
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuena Sun
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, China.
| | - Tianjun Xu
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
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7
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Mersinoglu B, Cristinelli S, Ciuffi A. The Impact of Epitranscriptomics on Antiviral Innate Immunity. Viruses 2022; 14:v14081666. [PMID: 36016289 PMCID: PMC9412694 DOI: 10.3390/v14081666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Epitranscriptomics, i.e., chemical modifications of RNA molecules, has proven to be a new layer of modulation and regulation of protein expression, asking for the revisiting of some aspects of cellular biology. At the virological level, epitranscriptomics can thus directly impact the viral life cycle itself, acting on viral or cellular proteins promoting replication, or impacting the innate antiviral response of the host cell, the latter being the focus of the present review.
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8
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Ma C, Ma RJ, Hu K, Zheng QM, Wang YP, Zhang N, Sun ZG. The molecular mechanism of METTL3 promoting the malignant progression of lung cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:133. [PMID: 35331234 PMCID: PMC8944087 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02539-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer remains one of the major causes of cancer-related death globally. Recent studies have shown that aberrant m6A levels caused by METTL3 are involved in the malignant progression of various tumors, including lung cancer. The m6A modification, the most abundant RNA chemical modification, regulates RNA stabilization, splicing, translation, decay, and nuclear export. The methyltransferase complex plays a key role in the occurrence and development of many tumors by installing m6A modification. In this complex, METTL3 is the first identified methyltransferase, which is also the major catalytic enzyme. Recent findings have revealed that METTL3 is remarkably associated with different aspects of lung cancer progression, influencing the prognosis of patients. In this review, we will focus on the underlying mechanism of METT3 in lung cancer and predict the future work and potential clinical application of targeting METTL3 for lung cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 105 Jiefang Road, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, Shangdong, China
| | - Rui-Jie Ma
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250013, Shangdong, China
| | - Kang Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 105 Jiefang Road, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, Shangdong, China
| | - Qi-Ming Zheng
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250013, Shangdong, China
| | - Ye-Peng Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 105 Jiefang Road, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Breast Center, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 105 Jiefang Road, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, China.
| | - Zhi-Gang Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 105 Jiefang Road, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, China.
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9
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Miao YQ, Chen W, Zhou J, Shen Q, Sun Y, Li T, Wang SC. N(6)-adenosine-methyltransferase-14 promotes glioma tumorigenesis by repressing argininosuccinate synthase 1 expression in an m6A-dependent manner. Bioengineered 2022; 13:1858-1871. [PMID: 35012429 PMCID: PMC8805915 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2018386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma is one of the leading causes of tumor-related deaths worldwide, but its potential mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the biological role and potential mechanism of argininosuccinate synthase 1 (ASS1) in glioma. The relative expression levels of ASS1 in glioma specimens and cell lines were calculated by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting. The biological functions of ASS1 were demonstrated using the 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay, transwell assay, and in vivo experiments. In addition, methylated RNA immunoprecipitation (MeRIP), RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), and luciferase reporter assays were performed to explore the molecular mechanism of ASS1 in glioma. ASS1 expression levels were found to be downregulated in glioma specimens and cell lines. Functionally, we confirmed that ASS1 inhibited glioma cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and growth both. Furthermore, we found that ASS1 was a target of N(6)-adenosine-methyltransferase-14 (METTL14)-mediated N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification. Overexpression of METTL14 markedly elevated ASS1 mRNA m6A modification and suppressed ASS1 mRNA expression. We also revealed that METTL14-mediated ASS1 mRNA degradation relied on the YTH m6A RNA-binding protein 2 (YTHDF2)-dependent pathway. We confirmed that decreased ASS1 expression promoted the cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in glioma, and that the METTL14/ASS1/YTHDF2 regulatory axis may be an effective therapeutic target for glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Qing Miao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhou
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiyang Shen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sheng-Chan Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Geriatric Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Yu PL, Cao SJ, Wu R, Zhao Q, Yan QG. Regulatory effect of m 6 A modification on different viruses. J Med Virol 2021; 93:6100-6115. [PMID: 34329499 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
N6 -methyladenosine (m6 A) modification is the most common and reversible posttranscriptional modification of RNA in eukaryotes, which is mainly regulated by methyltransferase, demethylase, and specific binding protein. The replication of the virus and host immune response to the virus are affected by m6 A modification. In different kinds of viruses, m6 A modification has two completely opposite regulatory functions. This paper reviews the regulatory effects of m6 A modification on different viruses and provides a reference for studying the regulatory effects of RNA epitranscriptomic modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Lun Yu
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Swine Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - San-Jie Cao
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Swine Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Rui Wu
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Swine Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Qin Zhao
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Swine Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Qi-Gui Yan
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Swine Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
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