1
|
Lim H, Kim MS, Cho Y, Ahn J, Ahn S, Nam JS, Bae J, Yun TG, Kim ID. Hydrovoltaic Electricity Generator with Hygroscopic Materials: A Review and New Perspective. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2301080. [PMID: 37084408 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202301080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The global energy crisis caused by the overconsumption of nonrenewable fuels has prompted researchers to develop alternative strategies for producing electrical energy. In this review, a fascinating strategy that simply utilizes water, an abundant natural substance throughout the globe and even in air as moisture, as a power source is introduced. The concept of the hydrovoltaic electricity generator (HEG) proposed herein involves generating an electrical potential gradient by exposing the two ends of the HEG device to dissimilar physicochemical environments, which leads to the production of an electrical current through the active material. HEGs, with a large variety of viable active materials, have much potential for expansion toward diverse applications including permanent and/or emergency power sources. In this review, representative HEGs that generate electricity by the mechanisms of diffusion, streaming, and capacitance as case studies for building a fundamental understanding of the electricity generation process are discussed. In particular, by comparing the use and absence of hygroscopic materials, HEG mechanism studies to establish active material design principles are meticulously elucidated. The review with future perspectives on electrode design using conducting nanomaterials, considerations for high performance device construction, and potential impacts of the HEG technology in improving the livelihoods are reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haeseong Lim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Soo Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujang Cho
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewan Ahn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongcheol Ahn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Seok Nam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehyeong Bae
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering Kyung Hee University, 1732, Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Gwang Yun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggi, 17058, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Doo Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pan J, Wang Z, Deng M, Zhang J, He H, Wang B, Liu X, Fu F. Construction of Janus structures on thin silk fabrics via misting for wet-thermal comfort and antimicrobial activity. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 656:587-596. [PMID: 37996256 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Owing to their small fiber diameter (10-15 μm), silk fabrics are always thin (32-90 g m-2). Therefore, construction of the Janus surfaces of silk fabrics that possess excellent multifunctionality remains a formidable challenge. Herein, first, silk fabrics were grafted using glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride to form a superhydrophilic surface (G-side). Then, a unilateral hydrophobic surface (O-side) was readily fabricated by mist coating octadecyltrichlorosilane-functionalized SiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) to produce hierarchical surface textures. To prevent NP penetration from the G-side to the O-side, a "fireproof isolation" method was employed. Consequently, Janus silk fabrics (JanSFs) bearing asymmetric wettability were prepared, and their wetting gradient could be conveniently regulated. With the mist time ranging from 4 to 7 min, the unidirectional transport index and efficiency of the unidirectional water transport increased and decreased by 13.2 and 10.4 times, respectively. Sweat could be effectively drained away from human skin to ensure that the skin was dry and comfortable. Compared with the surface temperature of the raw fabric, the raw fabric of JanSFs increased by 2.7 °C. Furthermore, the breathability of JanSF was negligibly affected, and the outer O-side of the JanSF showed substantial antibacterial activity. This study is important for designing JanSFs that exhibit unidirectional water transport.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiana Pan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute of Composite Materials, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Zhengfeng Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute of Composite Materials, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Mingxiu Deng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute of Composite Materials, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute of Composite Materials, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Hongfan He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute of Composite Materials, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Bing Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute of Composite Materials, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Shengzhou Innovation Research Institute, China
| | - Xiangdong Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute of Composite Materials, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; Key Laboratory of Clean Dyeing and Finishing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Feiya Fu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute of Composite Materials, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; Project Promotion Department, Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center of Advanced Textile Technology, Shaoxing, China; Key Laboratory of Clean Dyeing and Finishing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China; Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Shengzhou Innovation Research Institute, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mo C, Lei X, Tang X, Wang M, Kang ET, Xu L, Zhang K. Nanoengineering Natural Leather for Dynamic Thermal Management and Electromagnetic Interference Shielding. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2303368. [PMID: 37328446 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Unpredictable and extreme weather conditions, along with increasing electromagnetic pollution, have resulted in a significant threat to human health and productivity, causing irreversible damage to society's well-being and economy. However, existing personal temperature management and electromagnetic protection materials lack adaptability to dynamic environmental changes. To address this, a unique asymmetric bilayer leather/a-MWCNTs/CA fabric is developed by vacuum-infiltrating interconnected a-MWCNTs networks into natural leather's microfiber backbone and spraying porous acetic acid (CA) on the reverse side. Such fabric achieves simultaneous passive radiation cooling, heating, and anti-electromagnetic interference functions without external energy input. The fabric's cooling layer has high solar reflectance (92.0%) and high infrared emissivity (90.2%), providing an average subambient radiation cooling effect of 10 °C, while the heating layer has high solar absorption (98.0%), enabling excellent passive radiative heating and effective compensation for warming via Joule heating. Additionally, the fabric's 3D conductive a-MWCNTs network provides electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness of 35.0 dB mainly through electromagnetic wave absorption. This multimode electromagnetic shielding fabric can switch between cooling and heating modes to adapt to dynamic cooling and heating scenarios, providing a new avenue for sustainable temperature management and electromagnetic protection applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caiqing Mo
- School of Materials and Energy, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojuan Lei
- College of Food Science, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Xuelian Tang
- School of Materials and Energy, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Ming Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - En-Tang Kang
- School of Materials and Energy, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Liqun Xu
- School of Materials and Energy, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Kai Zhang
- School of Materials and Energy, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|